From a8c5f6a63cc81abd835ad37270d0929e6dc8fab0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: zhongshujie <2862698242@qq.com>
Date: 星期三, 30 七月 2025 10:21:55 +0800
Subject: [PATCH] Merge branch 'master' of http://182.92.203.7:2001/r/testbookLayout
---
src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter004.vue | 1992 ++++++++
src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter009.vue | 1429 ++++++
src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter010.vue | 1103 ++++
src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter007.vue | 1597 ++++++
src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter001.vue | 325 +
src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter003.vue | 1482 ++++++
src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/css/default.less | 17
src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/images/0071-1-2.png | 0
src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter005.vue | 1440 ++++++
src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/index.vue | 121
src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter002.vue | 1551 ++++++
src/App.vue | 2
src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/images/0071-1-1.png | 0
src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter008.vue | 1408 ++++++
src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/images/0071-1-3.png | 0
src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter006.vue | 1487 ++++++
src/books/preschoolGameGuidance/css/default.less | 2
17 files changed, 13,862 insertions(+), 94 deletions(-)
diff --git a/src/App.vue b/src/App.vue
index aee43b5..e69b6f5 100644
--- a/src/App.vue
+++ b/src/App.vue
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@
process.env.VUE_APP_RESOURCE_CTX +
(process.env.VUE_APP_ENV == "product"
? process.env.VUE_APP_BOOK_ID
- : "childIllnessPreventionCare")
+ : "kindergartenLanguageActivity")
);
// 娴嬭瘯璇曡30椤�
// this.activeBook.tryPageCount = 10;
diff --git a/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/css/default.less b/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/css/default.less
index ad5b1c7..4925c97 100644
--- a/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/css/default.less
+++ b/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/css/default.less
@@ -313,7 +313,8 @@
font-family: '瀹嬩綋';
font-size: 18px;
text-align: justify;
- padding: 10% 10%;
+ padding: 0% 10% 10% 10%;
+
box-sizing: border-box;
line-height: 30px;
}
@@ -914,16 +915,16 @@
}
- div.tp-1 {
+ div.tp-1 {
margin-bottom: 0.2em;
- margin-top: -3em;
- margin-left: 3.2em;
+ margin-top: -1.3em;
+ margin-left: 6em;
}
div.tp-2 {
- margin-bottom: 0.2em;
- margin-top: -2.8em;
- margin-left: 18.2em;
+ margin-bottom: 0.2em;
+ margin-top: -3.5em;
+ margin-left: 27em;
}
div.tp-3 {
@@ -1563,7 +1564,7 @@
font-family: '瀹嬩綋';
font-size: 18px;
text-align: justify;
- padding: 10% 10%;
+ padding: 0% 10% 10% 10%;
box-sizing: border-box;
line-height: 30px;
}
diff --git a/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/images/0071-1-1.png b/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/images/0071-1-1.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7e0d84c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/images/0071-1-1.png
Binary files differ
diff --git a/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/images/0071-1-2.png b/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/images/0071-1-2.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9f27ffb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/images/0071-1-2.png
Binary files differ
diff --git a/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/images/0071-1-3.png b/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/images/0071-1-3.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..33f1326
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/images/0071-1-3.png
Binary files differ
diff --git a/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter001.vue b/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter001.vue
index 9cf858a..63f22d0 100644
--- a/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter001.vue
+++ b/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter001.vue
@@ -162,16 +162,161 @@
</p>
<h5 id="e004">1.璇煶</h5>
<p>
- 璇煶鏄敱浜虹殑鍙戦煶鍣ㄥ畼鍙戝嚭骞惰礋杞戒竴瀹氭剰涔夌殑澹伴煶銆傛瘮濡傦紝鎴戜滑鍙戝嚭澹伴煶鈥渮h奴鈥濓紝蹇呴』鍜屽叾鎰忎箟鈥滅尓鈥濇垨鈥滅彔鈥濈瓑瀵瑰簲鎵嶈兘绉板叾涓鸿闊炽�傛墍浠ュ苟涓嶆槸浜哄彂鍑虹殑鎵�鏈夊０闊抽兘鏄闊筹紝濡傛劅鍐掓椂鐨勫挸鍡藉０涔熸槸浜哄彂鍑虹殑澹伴煶锛屼絾涓嶈兘绉板叾涓鸿闊炽�傚嚑涓窐姘旂殑灏忓鐢ㄥ挸鍡藉０璀﹀憡浼欎即鈥滆�佸笀鏉ヤ簡鈥濓紝杩欓噷鈥滃挸鍡藉０鈥濅篃涓嶅睘浜庤闊筹紝鍥犱负鍏朵笉鏄ぞ浼氱害瀹氫織鎴愮殑澹伴煶绯荤粺涓殑涓�閮ㄥ垎锛岃�屾槸鍎跨鑷繁鍐呴儴绾﹀畾鐨勶紝杩欑灏忓洟浣撳唴閮ㄧ殑绾﹀畾锛屼笉绗﹀悎璇█鐨勭郴缁熸�с�傛墍浠ワ紝璇煶涓嶄粎鏄汉鍙戝嚭鐨勩�佽礋杞芥剰涔夌殑澹伴煶锛岃�屼笖杩欑澹伴煶杩樺繀椤绘槸璇█绗﹀彿绯荤粺涓殑涓�閮ㄥ垎銆�
+ 璇煶鏄敱浜虹殑鍙戦煶鍣ㄥ畼鍙戝嚭骞惰礋杞戒竴瀹氭剰涔夌殑澹伴煶銆傛瘮濡傦紝鎴戜滑鍙戝嚭澹伴煶鈥渮h奴鈥濓紝蹇呴』鍜屽叾鎰忎箟鈥滅尓鈥濇垨鈥滅彔鈥濈瓑瀵瑰簲鎵嶈兘绉板叾涓鸿闊炽�傛墍浠ュ苟涓嶆槸浜哄彂鍑虹殑鎵�鏈夊０闊抽兘鏄闊筹紝濡傛劅鍐掓椂鐨勫挸鍡藉０涔熸槸浜哄彂鍑虹殑澹伴煶锛屼絾涓嶈兘绉板叾涓鸿闊炽�傚嚑涓窐
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
- <div class="page-box" page="10">
- <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(10) > -1">
+ <div class="page-box" page="13">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(13) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗竴绔� 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛姒傝堪</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">005</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 姘旂殑灏忓鐢ㄥ挸鍡藉０璀﹀憡浼欎即鈥滆�佸笀鏉ヤ簡鈥濓紝杩欓噷鈥滃挸鍡藉０鈥濅篃涓嶅睘浜庤闊筹紝鍥犱负鍏朵笉鏄ぞ浼氱害瀹氫織鎴愮殑澹伴煶绯荤粺涓殑涓�閮ㄥ垎锛岃�屾槸鍎跨鑷繁鍐呴儴绾﹀畾鐨勶紝杩欑灏忓洟浣撳唴閮ㄧ殑绾﹀畾锛屼笉绗﹀悎璇█鐨勭郴缁熸�с�傛墍浠ワ紝璇煶涓嶄粎鏄汉鍙戝嚭鐨勩�佽礋杞芥剰涔夌殑澹伴煶锛岃�屼笖杩欑澹伴煶杩樺繀椤绘槸璇█绗﹀彿绯荤粺涓殑涓�閮ㄥ垎銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e005">2.璇嶆眹</h5>
+ <p>
+ 璇嶆眹锛屽張绉拌姹囷紝鏄竴绉嶈瑷�閲屾墍鏈夌殑锛堟垨鐗瑰畾鑼冨洿鐨勶級璇嶅拰鍥哄畾鐭鐨勬�诲拰銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 璇嶆眹鍙垎涓哄熀鏈瘝姹囧拰涓�鑸瘝姹囥�傚熀鏈瘝姹囨槸涓�绉嶈瑷�鐨勬牳蹇冭瘝姹囷紝瀹冪敤鏉ヨ〃杈剧敓娲讳腑鐨勫熀鏈簨鐗╋紝濡傚北銆佹渤銆佹箹銆佹捣銆佹棩銆佹湀銆佹槦绛夛紝鍩烘湰璇嶆眹鏄瀯鎴愭柊璇嶇殑鍩虹锛屼緥濡傦紝鈥滃北鈥濆拰鈥滄按鈥濇槸鍩烘湰璇嶆眹锛屽彲浠ヤ互杩欎簺鍩烘湰璇嶆眹涓哄熀纭�鏋勬垚寰堝鏂拌瘝锛屽鈥滃北宀斥�濃�滃北宄扳�濃�滄按鏋溾�濃�滄按搴撯�濈瓑銆備竴鑸瘝姹囨槸鎸囬偅浜涘彉鍖栬繀閫熴�佺己灏戠ǔ鍥烘�с�佹瀯璇嶈兘鍔涜緝宸殑璇嶆眹锛岃濡傛柟瑷�璇嶃�佸鏉ヨ瘝銆佹柊閫犺瘝绛夛紝濡傗�滅矇涓濃�濃�滈鍊尖�濈瓑銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 瑕佺悊瑙ｈ瘝姹囷紝杩橀渶娉ㄦ剰浠ヤ笅涓ょ偣銆傜涓�锛岃瘝姹囧湪琛ㄨ揪涓婃棦鏈夋櫘閬嶆�у張鏈夋皯鏃忔�с�傝瘝姹囧拰浜嬬墿鏄搴旂殑锛屽洜姝ゅ彧瑕佹煇绉嶄簨鐗╁瓨鍦ㄥ氨涓�瀹氫細鏈夌浉搴旂殑璇嶆眹鍘昏〃杈撅紝璇嶆眹鍏锋湁鏅亶鎬э紝濡傚お闃炽�佹湀浜瓑锛屾棤璁哄湪鍝璇█涓紝閮戒細鏈夌浉搴旂殑璇嶈鍘昏〃杈俱�備絾璇嶆眹鍙堝叿鏈夋皯鏃忔�э紝鏈�鏄庢樉鐨勫氨鏄瘝璇線寰�鍙嶅簲鏌愪釜姘戞棌瀵规煇绉嶄簨鐗╃殑鐙壒璁よ瘑锛屽鍦ㄦ竻浠ｏ紝鐨囧笣鍚庡寰堝锛屼絾绛夌骇鍒嗘槑锛屾眽璇腑鏈夊叧鍚庡鍚嶇О鐨勮瘝姹囧洜鑰屽氨寰堜赴瀵岋紝濡傜殗鍚庛�佺殗璐靛銆佽吹濡冦�佸銆佸珨銆佽吹浜虹瓑锛岃繖浜涜瘝姹囦篃鏄腑鍥芥竻浠ｅ寤风敓娲荤殑涓�涓晶闈㈠啓鐓с�傝嫳鍥芥槸涓�涓悰涓诲埗鍥藉锛岃吹鏃忓唴鐢卞悰涓诲皝缁欑殑鐖典綅绛夌骇涓ユ槑锛屼笌杩欑鐖典綅鍒嗙骇鐩稿搴旂殑鏄嫳璇腑鐨勭埖浣嶅悕绉帮紝濡傚叕鐖点�佷警鐖点�佷集鐖点�佸瓙鐖典互鍙婄敺鐖电瓑銆傛澶栵紝鐩稿悓鐨勮瘝鍦ㄤ笉鍚屾皯鏃忚瑷�涓篃鏈変笉鍚岀殑鐢ㄦ硶锛屾瘮濡傦紝姹夎涓�滃悆鈥濆彲浠ョ粍鎴愨�滃悆楗�濊繖鏍风殑璇嶏紝浣嗕篃鍙互缁勬垚鈥滃悆瀹樺徃鈥濃�滃悆鎯娾�濈瓑璇嶏紝鑰岃嫳璇腑鈥渆at鈥濆嵈鍙檺瀹氫簬椋熺墿銆傜浜岋紝璇嶆眹涓嶆槸涓�鎴愪笉鍙樼殑锛屽叾鍚箟鏃㈡湁绋冲畾鎬у張鏈夊彉鍖栨�с�備竴涓瘝璇湪涓�瀹氱殑鏃剁┖鍐呭惈涔夋槸鍥哄畾鐨勶紝浣嗘椂浠ｅ線寰�璧嬩簣涓�涓瘝鏂扮殑鍚箟锛屽鈥滃崥澹�濆湪涓浗鍙や唬浠ｈ〃涓�绉嶅畼鑱岋紝鍦ㄥ綋浠ｅ垯鏄浣嶇殑涓�绉嶃��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e006">3.璇硶</h5>
+ <p>
+ 璇硶鏄粍璇嶉�犲彞鐨勮鍒欍�備笅妫嬬殑鏃跺�欎汉浠寜瑙勫垯琛屾锛屽弻鏂规墠鑳芥父鎴忥紱璇█涔熶竴鏍凤紝浜轰滑鍙湁鎸夎瑷�瑙勫垯璇村嚭璇瘝锛屽弻鏂规墠鑳介『鍒╀氦娴併�傚氨鍍忓涔犲璇捣鍒濇劅瑙変笉閫傚簲锛屽線寰�鏄洜涓哄叾鏋勮瘝閫犲彞鐨勮鍒欏拰鏈皯鏃忚瑷�鏈夋墍宸紓锛屾瘮濡傦紝鑻辫琛ㄨ揪鈥滀綘鍦ㄥ摢閲屸�濇槸鈥淲here
+ are
+ you鈥濓紝鑰岃鑻辨枃鍙ュ瓙鐩存帴缈昏瘧鎴愭眽璇槸鈥滃摢閲屾槸浣犫�濓紝杩欐牱鐨勮〃杈炬柟寮忚璇存眽璇殑浜鸿寰楀緢濂囨���
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 璇煶銆佽瘝姹囥�佽娉曠浉浜掍緷璧栫粍鎴愯瑷�绯荤粺锛岃繖涓変釜瑕佺礌鑷韩鍙堟槸涓�涓畬鏁寸殑灏忕郴缁熴�傛瘮濡傦紝鍦ㄨ闊崇郴缁熶腑锛屾垜浠彲浠ュ垎鍑哄厓闊炽�佽緟闊崇瓑銆傝涔夌郴缁熶腑鎴戜滑鍙互鍒嗗嚭浼楀璇稿鈥滀汉-鍔ㄧ墿-鐢熺墿鈥濊繖鏍风殑璇箟鎴愬垎锛岃涔夌殑鍚勭鎴愬垎鍙堟寜涓�瀹氳鍒欑粍鎴愯瘝涔夈�佸彞涔夛紝姣斿锛屸�滈洦琛ｂ�濈殑鎰忔�濆彲浠ュ垎瑙ｄ负鈥滀笅闆ㄦ椂鈥濃�滅┛鐨勨�濃�滆。鏈嶁�濈瓑鎰忎箟銆傝娉曚篃鏄敱涓�瀹氭暟閲忕殑瑙勫垯缁勬垚鐨勭郴缁燂紝濡傛眽璇娉曚腑鍚嶈瘝鍙互浣跨敤鏁伴噺璇嶃�佸舰瀹硅瘝鍘�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="14">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(14) > -1">
<ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
- <li class="header-left-Number">002</li>
+ <li class="header-left-Number">006</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>淇グ锛岃�屽姩璇嶅垯闇�瑕佷娇鐢ㄥ壇璇嶄慨楗扮瓑銆�</p>
+ <h4 id="d003">锛堜笁锛夎瑷�鐨勭ぞ浼氭��</h4>
+ <p>
+ 璇█鍦ㄦ湰璐ㄤ笂鏄竴绉嶇壒娈婄殑绀句細鐜拌薄锛屾槸绀句細鎴愬憳鍦ㄤ竴瀹氬湴鍩熷唴闀挎湡鐢熸椿杩囩▼涓害瀹氫織鎴愮殑绗﹀彿绯荤粺銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e007">1.璇█鏈韩灏辨槸涓�绉嶇ぞ浼氱幇璞�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 涓浗涓嶅悓鍦板尯浼氭妸鐩稿悓鐨勪簨鐗╃粰浜堜笉鍚岀殑鍚嶇О锛屽鈥滆彍鑺扁�濆拰鈥滆姳鑿溾�濇槸鍚屼竴绉嶄簨鐗╋紝涓浗鍗楁柟鍦板尯澶氭暟浜烘妸瀹冨彨浣溾�滆姳鑿溾�濓紝鑰屽寳鏂瑰湴鍖哄鏁颁汉鍒欏彨鈥滆彍鑺扁�濄�傛墍浠ワ紝璇█鏄ぞ浼氭垚鍛樼害瀹氫織鎴愮殑璧嬩簣鏌愪釜浜嬬墿鏌愮澹伴煶鐨勮繃绋嬨��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e008">2.璇█涓庣ぞ浼氱浉浜掍緷瀛�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 浜虹被绀句細涓轰簡浜ゆ祦寰楁洿涓洪珮鏁堝垱閫犱簡璇█銆傝瑷�渚濊禆浜庣ぞ浼氱幇瀹烇紝鏄绀句細鐜板疄鐨勫弽鏄狅紝璇█鑳藉淇冭繘浜轰滑鏇撮珮鏁堝湴鍚堜綔銆傚綋浠ｇぞ浼氱敓浜у姏姘村钩涓嶆柇鎻愰珮锛岀ぞ浼氬垎宸ヤ笉鏂簿缁嗭紝杩欑鍒嗗伐鍚堜綔鐨勭姸鎬佸璇█姘村钩鐨勮姹傛洿楂橈紝瑕佹眰璇█鑳藉鏇村姞绮剧粏鍦板弽鏄犵ぞ浼氱幇瀹炪��
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">鐩稿叧閾炬帴</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-5-1">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="image/tb-5.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <span class="zt-ls1"
+ >璇█鐨勮捣婧�<a id="w3"></a
+ ><a href="chapter001.html#m3"><sup>[3]</sup></a></span
+ >
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 浠庡彜鑷充粖锛屼负浜嗘帰绱㈣瑷�鐨勮捣婧愶紝浜轰滑鎻愬嚭浜嗗悇绉嶅悇鏍风殑鍋囪鍜屽璇达紝璇稿绁炴巿璇淬�佹墜鍔胯銆佹ā澹拌銆佹劅鍙硅銆佺ぞ浼氬绾﹁銆佸姵鍔ㄨ绛夛紝杩欎簺鍋囪鍜屽璇村ぇ浣撳弽鏄犱簡涓嶅悓鐨勬椂浠ｇ簿绁炪�佺瀛﹀彂灞曠殑杩涚▼浠ュ強浜轰滑鐨勮璇嗘按骞炽��
+ </p>
+ <p>1.绁炴巿璇�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鍒濇皯绀句細锛岀敱浜庣瀛︽枃鍖栦笉鍙戣揪銆佺煡璇嗚传涔忕瓑鍘熷洜锛屽ぇ澶ч檺鍒朵簡浜轰滑鐨勮璇嗘按骞炽�傚綋鏃朵汉浠櫘閬嶈涓猴紝鍖呮嫭浜哄湪鍐呯殑涓栭棿涓囦簨涓囩墿閮芥槸鏌愮绁炲姏鐨勫畨鎺掑拰鍒涢�狅紝浜虹殑璇█涔熶笉渚嬪銆傝繖灏辨槸璇█璧锋簮鐨勭鎺堣銆傝瑷�璧锋簮鐨勭鎺堣鍑虹幇鏈�鏃╋紝寤剁画鐨勬椂闂翠篃鏈�闀匡紝浠庤繙鍙や竴鐩存寔缁埌鍗佷竷鍏笘绾��
+ </p>
+ <p>2.鎵嬪娍璇�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鎸佽繖绉嶈鐐圭殑浜鸿涓猴紝浜虹被鏈�鍒濇病鏈夋湁澹拌瑷�锛屼娇鐢ㄧ殑鏄墜鍔胯銆傝繖鏄竴绉嶆瘮杈冩祦琛岀殑璇█璧锋簮鐞嗚锛岃繎鍑犲崄骞存潵锛岃澶氳瑷�瀛﹀銆佸績鐞嗗瀹堕兘璧炴垚杩欑瑙傜偣銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>3.妯″０璇�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鎻愬嚭杩欎竴鐞嗚鐨勪汉鏍规嵁鐜颁唬璇█涓湁鎷熷０璇嶇殑浜嬪疄锛岃涓哄師濮嬩汉鍚簡鑷劧鐣岀殑鍚勭澹伴煶浠ュ悗锛屽氨妯′豢杩欎簺澹伴煶鏉ョО鍛煎彂鍑哄０闊崇殑浜嬬墿锛岃繖鏍峰氨浜х敓浜嗚瑷�銆傝繖灏辨槸鎵�璋撹瑷�璧锋簮鐨勨�滄ā澹拌鈥濄��
+ </p>
+ <p>4.鎰熷徆璇�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鎸佽繖绉嶈鐐圭殑浜鸿涓猴紝鏈夊０璇█鏄粠鎶掑彂鎰熸儏鐨勫悇绉嶅０闊虫紨鍙樿�屾潵鐨勩�傝繖绉嶇悊
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m3"></a><a href="chapter001.html#w3">[3]</a>
+ 浣曚繆鑺�.璇█浜虹被瀛︽暀绋嬶蓟M锛�.鍖椾含锛氫腑澶皯鏃忓ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2005锛�26-42.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="15">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(15) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗竴绔� 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛姒傝堪</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">007</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 璁虹殑鎻愬嚭鑰呮牴鎹幇浠ｈ瑷�涓湁鎰熷徆璇嶈繖涓�鐜拌薄锛屾帹鎯冲師濮嬩汉璺熷鐣屼簨鐗╂帴瑙︽椂锛屽父鍥犳亹鎯с�佹涔愩�佹偛浼ょ瓑鎯呯华鑰屽彂鍑烘劅鍙圭殑澹伴煶锛屽悗鏉ヨ繖浜涘０闊抽�愭笎鍙戝睍鎴愯瘝璇紝浠庤�屽舰鎴愪簡鏈�鍒濈殑璇█銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>5.绀句細濂戠害璇�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鎸佽繖绉嶇湅娉曠殑浜鸿涓猴紝鍘熷浜鸿捣鍒濇病鏈夎瑷�锛屽悗鏉ュぇ瀹跺郊姝ょ浉绾︼紝瑙勫畾浜嗕竴浜涗簨鐗╃殑鍚嶇О锛屼箙鑰屼箙涔嬩究浜х敓浜嗚瑷�銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>6.鍔冲姩璇�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄨ瑷�璧锋簮闂琚摬瀛﹀銆佽瑷�瀛﹀銆佽�冨彜瀛﹀銆佷汉绫诲瀹剁瓑骞挎硾鍏虫敞鐨勮繃绋嬩腑锛屾仼鏍兼柉鐨勫悕钁椼�婅嚜鐒惰京璇佹硶銆嬩簬1876骞撮潰涓栵紝鍏朵腑娑夊強璇█鐨勮捣婧愰棶棰樸�傛仼鏍兼柉鍦ㄢ�滃姵鍔ㄥ湪浠庣尶鍒颁汉杞彉杩囩▼涓殑浣滅敤鈥濅竴鑺備腑鎸囧嚭锛氳瑷�涔冩槸浜虹被褰㈡垚鏃讹紝鍦ㄩ泦浣撳姵鍔ㄨ繃绋嬩腑锛屼负閫傚簲浜ら檯鐨勯渶瑕佽�屼骇鐢熺殑锛屽苟涓旇窡鎶借薄鎬濈淮鍚屾椂浜х敓銆�
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c002">浜屻�佽瑷�鐨勫姛鑳�</h3>
+ <p>
+ 瑕佹纭璇嗚瑷�杩欑澶嶆潅鐨勭幇璞★紝涓嶄粎瑕佷粠璇█鐨勬湰璐ㄥ叆鎵嬶紝杩樿鍏虫敞璇█鐨勫姛鑳姐�備笉鍚岀殑瀛﹁�呭璇█鐨勫姛鑳芥湁涓嶅悓鐨勬弿杩帮紝浣嗗叡鍚岀偣鏄涓鸿瑷�鍏锋湁浜ゆ祦銆佹�濈淮鍜屾枃鍖栧姛鑳姐��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d004">锛堜竴锛夎瑷�鐨勪氦娴佸姛鑳�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 姣忓ぉ鎴戜滑閮戒細鐢ㄨ瑷�闂�欏埆浜猴紝涔熶細鐢ㄨ瑷�鍜屽埆浜轰氦娴佽鐐癸紝鏇翠細鐢ㄨ瑷�琛ㄨ揪鑷繁鐨勬剰鎰垮拰涓诲紶銆傝瑷�鏄敤鏉ヤ氦娴佺殑锛岃瑷�浜ゆ祦鐨勬湁鏁堟�ф槸鍗佸垎鏄庢樉鐨勩�傞櫎璇█涔嬪锛屼汉绫昏繕鏈夎澶氫氦闄呮墜娈碉紝濡傛墜璇�佽〃鎯呫�佷綋鎬佺瓑锛岃繖浜涙柟寮忎篃鑳藉浼犻�掍俊鎭�備絾鏄墍鏈夎繖浜涗氦闄呮墜娈甸兘涓嶈兘鍜屼汉绫昏瑷�鐩告彁骞惰銆傞鍏堬紝璇█涔嬪鐨勮繖浜涗氦娴佹柟寮忔墍琛ㄨ揪鐨勫唴瀹圭浉瀵圭嫮绐勶紝绋嶅井澶嶆潅涓�浜涚殑淇℃伅灏卞緢闅捐〃杈俱�傚叾娆★紝璇█浠ュ鐨勪氦闄呮柟寮忥紝闇�瑕佺敱璇█绾﹀畾锛屽惁鍒欙紝灏变笉鑳借捣鍒颁俊鍙蜂綔鐢紝鍗宠瑷�鏄繖浜涢潪璇█浜ら檯鎵嬫鐨勫熀纭�銆傛瘮濡傦紝浜轰滑蹇呴』鍏堢害瀹氫氦閫氫俊鍙风伅鐨勨�滅豢鑹测�濅唬琛ㄢ�滈�氳鈥濓紝鎵嶈兘璁╀汉浠埄鐢ㄢ�滅豢鑹茬伅鈥濊繖绉嶄俊鍙凤紝濡傛灉涓嶇敤璇█绾﹀畾锛岃繖绉嶄唬琛ㄥ氨涓嶆槸鏅亶鐨勶紝涔熷氨涓嶈兘璧峰埌鎻愮ず浣滅敤銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d005">锛堜簩锛夎瑷�鐨勬�濈淮鍔熻兘</h4>
+ <p>
+ 璇█鏄�濈淮鐨勬壙鎷呰�咃紝涔熸槸鎬濈淮鐨勮〃杈捐�咃紝鍦ㄤ氦闄呰繃绋嬩腑锛岃瑷�浣挎�濈淮鎴愭灉澶栧寲鍜岀墿璐ㄥ寲銆傛蹇点�佸垽鏂�佹帹鐞嗘槸浜虹被鎬濈淮鏈�鍩烘湰鐨勫舰寮忥紝杩欎簺褰㈠紡鐨勫疄鐜版槸闈犺瘝璇�佸彞瀛愬畬鎴愮殑銆傚湪浜虹被鎬濈淮涓紝鏈変簺鎶借薄鐨勬蹇碉紝濡傗�滄椂绌衡�濃�滃厜闃粹�濈瓑锛岃繖浜涙蹇佃兘寰椾互鐞嗚В鍜屼紶鎾紝蹇呴』渚濊禆浜庤瑷�銆備笉浣嗘娊璞℃�濈淮绂讳笉寮�璇█锛屽湪褰㈣薄鎬濈淮涓紝璇█鍚屾牱閲嶈銆傚湪鍎跨鏈燂紝璇█鐨勬�濈淮鍔熻兘涓昏琛ㄧ幇鍦ㄥ涓嬫柟闈€��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e009">1.璇█褰卞搷鍎跨瀵瑰瑙備簨鐗╃殑鎰熺煡</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鍎跨浜х敓璇█涔嬪墠锛屽氨瀵瑰悇绉嶄俊鎭湁浜嗕竴瀹氱殑鐞嗚В锛岃瑷�浜х敓涔嬪悗锛屽効绔ュ瀹㈣浜嬬墿鐨勬劅鐭ュ拰鐞嗚В浼氭洿鍔犳竻鏅般�佸畬鍠勩�傚洜涓鸿瑷�涓哄効绔ユ彁渚涗簡璁稿闂存帴缁忛獙锛岃繖
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="16">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(16) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">008</li>
<li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
<img
class="header-left-img"
@@ -181,10 +326,109 @@
</ul>
<div class="bodystyle">
<p>
- 浣滀负鏈潵鐨勫辜鍎挎暀甯堬紝浣犱簡瑙ｈ瑷�涓庡辜鍎跨殑鍏崇郴鍚楋紵鐞嗚В璇█鏁欒偛鐨勪环鍊煎悧锛熻鎴愪负涓�鍚嶅悎鏍肩殑骞煎効鏁欏笀锛岃绉夋寔浠�涔堟牱鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛瑙傚康锛熻鎴戜滑涓�璧锋潵鎺㈣鍚э紒
+ 浜涚粡楠屽彲浠ュ府鍔╁効绔ユ洿濂藉湴鎰熺煡鍜岃璇嗕笘鐣屻�傚鍎跨铏界劧鐭ラ亾鈥滅嫍鈥濇槸浠�涔堬紝浣嗗線寰�涓嶄簡瑙ｇ嫍鐨勭敓娲讳範鎬с�傚湪鈥滃皬鐙楅粍榛勨�濈殑娲诲姩涓紝浠栦滑鑳藉鑾峰緱璁稿鍏充簬鐙楃敓娲讳範鎬х殑淇℃伅锛岃繖鏈夊姪浜庡叾鏇村姞娓呮櫚鍦版劅鐭ュ瑙備簨鐗┿��
</p>
- <p style="margin-bottom: 40px"> </p>
- <p style="margin-bottom: 40px"> </p>
+ <h5 id="e010">2.璇█褰卞搷鍎跨瀵瑰叿浣撴蹇电殑鐞嗚В</h5>
+ <p>
+ 璇█鏄�濈淮鐨勮浇浣擄紝鑳藉鍙嶆槧浜轰滑瀵规煇绉嶆蹇电殑璁よ瘑鏂瑰紡銆傛瘮濡傦紝涓浗鍎跨瀵瑰垎鏁扮殑鐞嗚В涔熻浼氭瘮瑗挎柟鍥藉鍎跨鏇村鏄擄紝涓昏鏄洜涓轰腑鍥芥眽璇〃杈惧垎鏁板拰瑗挎柟鍥藉琛ㄨ揪鍒嗘暟鏈夋墍涓嶅悓锛屼緥濡傦紝涓浗鍎跨璇烩��1/2鈥濅负鈥滀簩鍒嗕箣涓�鈥濓紝浠庤闊充笂寰堝鏄撶悊瑙ｅ叾鎵�瑕佽〃杈剧殑鎰忎箟锛岃�岃嫳璇〃杈惧垯娌℃湁杩欑渚垮埄銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e011">3.璇█鏈夊姪浜庡効绔ュ彂灞曢珮绾у績鐞嗘満鑳�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 浜烘槸楂樼骇鍔ㄧ墿锛屽叿鏈夐珮绾у績鐞嗘満鑳斤紝楂樼骇蹇冪悊鏈鸿兘涓昏鏄寚浜轰滑浣跨敤绗﹀彿銆佽瑷�绛夎繘琛岀簿绁炵敓浜э紝浣垮叾蹇冪悊鏈鸿兘鍙戠敓璐ㄧ殑鍙樺寲锛屼笂鍗囧埌楂樼骇闃舵锛屽叿鏈夐殢鎰忋�佷富鍔ㄧ殑鐗圭偣銆傚効绔ヨ幏寰楄瑷�灏遍绀虹潃鍏舵�濈淮姘村钩灏嗘湁寰堝ぇ鐨勬彁鍗囥�備粬浠彲浠ヤ娇鐢ㄨ瑷�鍒跺畾璁″垝锛屾鎷簨鐗╃殑鐗圭偣锛岃杩拌嚜宸辩殑瑙侀椈鍜屾兂璞＄瓑锛屽湪璇█杩欑绗﹀彿鐨勫府鍔╀笅锛屼汉绫婚珮绾у績鐞嗘満鑳藉揩閫熷彂灞曘��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d006">锛堜笁锛夎瑷�鐨勬枃鍖栧姛鑳�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 璇█涓嶄粎鏄枃鍖栫殑杞戒綋锛岃兘澶熷弽鏄犳枃鍖栫殑鍐呭涓庣壒鐐癸紝鏇存槸鏂囧寲浼犳壙鐨勪富瑕佸伐鍏枫��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 璇█鍙嶆槧涓嶅悓鍦板煙鐨勬枃鍖栧唴瀹逛笌鐗圭偣銆傚鍦ㄤ腑鏂囦腑锛屾湁寰堝璇嶆眹鏄敤鍜屸�滅墰鈥濈浉鍏崇殑璇嶈鏉ヨ〃杩扮殑銆傚彲鑳戒笌涓浗闀挎湡鏄竴涓啘涓氬浗瀹讹紝鐗涙槸浜轰滑鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓渶甯歌鐨勪竴绉嶅姩鐗╂湁鍏炽�傚鈥滅墰杞︹�濃�滅墰楗�濃�滅墰鑴炬皵鈥濈瓑銆傝�岃嫳鍥芥槸涓矝鍥斤紝鎵�浠ヨ嫳璇腑鏈夊緢澶氳瘝鍜屸�滈奔鈥濇湁鍏筹紝濡傗�渄rink
+ like a fish鈥濓紙鐗涢ギ锛夆�渢each fish to swim鈥濓紙鐝棬寮勬枾锛夌瓑銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 璇█鍏锋湁鏂囧寲浼犳壙鐨勫姛鑳斤紝杩欑鍔熻兘涓昏浣撶幇鍦ㄨ瑷�鏂囧瓧瀵规枃鍖栫殑璁板綍鍜屼紶鎾笂銆傛枃鍖栬褰曟湁澶氱鏂瑰紡锛屽鍥剧墖銆佸疄鐗┿�佽瑷�鏂囧瓧绛夛紝鎵�鏈夎繖浜涙柟寮忎腑锛屼互璇█鏂囧瓧璁板綍鐨勬潗鏂欐渶瀹规槗淇濆瓨銆佺悊瑙ｅ拰浼犳挱銆備汉浠彲浠ュ埄鐢ㄦ枃瀛楄褰曠ぞ浼氭枃鍖栧苟浠ｄ唬鐩镐紶锛屼娇鏂囧寲鍙戝睍寰椾互缁х画銆傝瑷�涔熸槸鏂囧寲浼犳挱鏈�鏈夋晥鐨勫伐鍏凤紝鏁欒偛娲诲姩涓紝浜轰滑鍒╃敤鍚勭璇█褰㈠紡涓哄鐢熻瑙ｅ巻鍙层�佹枃鍖栥�佺瀛︾瓑鐭ヨ瘑锛屼娇瀛︾敓瀵规枃鍖栧唴瀹规湁鏇存繁鍒荤殑鐞嗚В銆傚湪鐜颁唬绀句細涓紝鏂囧寲鍝佺鐨勭箒澶氬拰鎬婚噺鐨勭寷澧烇紝鏇撮渶瑕侀�氳繃鏁欒偛瀵规枃鍖栬繘琛岃繃婊ゅ拰閲嶇粍锛屼娇鍏朵腑瀵瑰効绔ヤ釜浣撳彂灞曟湁浠峰�肩殑鏂归潰寰楀埌楂樿川閲忓拰楂樻晥鐜囩殑浼犻�掋��
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">鐩稿叧閾炬帴</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-5-1">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="image/tb-5.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <span class="zt-ls1"
+ >璇█涓庤嚜鐒剁敓鎬�<a id="w4"></a
+ ><a href="chapter001.html#m4"><sup>[4]</sup></a></span
+ >
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 铏界劧鐢熸�佺幆澧冨悇鏈変笉鍚岋紝鍚勪釜璇█缇や綋瀵硅嚜鐒剁晫鐨勮璇嗘繁搴︿笉鍚岋紝缁撴瀯鏈夊紓锛屼絾鍏卞悓鏋勬垚浜嗕汉绫诲箍鍗氱簿娣辩殑鐭ヨ瘑浣撶郴銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="17">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(17) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗竴绔� 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛姒傝堪</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">009</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>1.鍐伴洩鏂囧寲涓庤嚜鐒剁幆澧�</p>
+ <p>
+ 3000澶氬勾浠ュ墠锛屾弧鏃忕殑鍏堟皯鐢熸椿鍦ㄤ粖鏉捐姳姹熶互涓滃湴鍖恒�傝鍦颁竴骞翠箣涓湁9涓湀閮藉鍦ㄥ啺闆弗瀵掍箣涓�傜敱浜庨暱鏈熷湪鍐伴洩鐜涓粠浜嬬嫨鐚庛�佺敓浜э紝璺熻嚜鐒剁晫涓殑鍐伴洩杩涜棰戠箒鐨勬帴瑙︼紝婊℃棌鍏堟皯閫愭笎褰㈡垚浜嗕竴濂楀垎杈ㄥ啺闆殑姒傚康鍜岃瘝姹囥��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍏充簬鍐扮殑璇嶆湁锛氱紩鐘跺啺銆佽姳宀楃煶鍐般�佹极娴佺Н鍐般�佷腑娴佹湭鍐诲啺銆佸喕瑁傚啺銆佹饭鍑屽啺銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍏充簬闆殑璇嶆湁锛氶鎼呮矙闆�佽敁鑽夊喕闆�佸嚌鍐绘槬闆�佸潥鍐婚洩闈€�佸甫鏃ヤ笅闆�佷笅绫冲績闆��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍔犳嬁澶х殑鐖辨柉鍩烘懇浜猴紙鍥犵航鐗逛汉锛夛紝鍥犱负甯稿勾鍦ㄥ啺澶╅洩鍦颁腑鐢熸椿锛屾墍浠ュ闆殑瑙傚療鍜屽垎杈ㄩ潪甯哥粏寰紝瀵归洩鐨勬劅鐭ヤ篃闈炲父寮虹儓锛屼粬浠殑璇█涓湁璁稿鍏充簬鈥滈洩鈥濈殑鍚嶈瘝锛岃濡傦紝鈥滈钀界殑闆�濓紙falling
+ snow锛夈�佲�滃湴涓婇洩鈥濓紙snow on the ground锛夈�佲�滄澘缁撶殑闆�濓紙snow packed hard
+ like ice锛夈�佲�滈洦闆�濓紙slushy snow锛夈�佲�滈闆�濓紙wind-driven snow锛夌瓑銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍦板娓╁甫鍜岀儹甯︾殑鏃忕兢瀵逛簬鍐伴洩鏄笉鍙兘鏈夎繖鏍峰叏闈㈢粏鑷寸殑璁よ瘑鐨勶紝浣嗘槸浠栦滑瀵硅嚜韬懆鍥寸殑鐢熸�佺幆澧冨垯鏈夌嫭鐗圭殑璁よ瘑銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>2.鏂逛綅璇嶇殑瀹氫綅鏍囧噯涓庡ぉ鏂囧湴鐞嗙幆澧�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄦ垜鍥藉崡鏂瑰拰鍖楁柟鏃呰杩囩殑浜猴紝寰堝鏄撳療瑙夛紝姹夎鏂逛綅璇嶇殑浣跨敤瀛樺湪鐫�鍗楀寳宸紓銆傚綋浜轰滑鍦ㄥ寳鏂归棶璺殑鏃跺�欙紝褰撳湴浜烘�荤埍浣跨敤鈥滃線涓溾�濃�滃線鍗椻�濃�滃線鍖椻�濈瓑璇嶈鏉ユ寚鏄庢柟鍚戯紱鍦ㄥ崡鏂瑰垯涓嶅悓锛屽綋鍦颁汉澶氱埍浣跨敤鈥滃線宸︹�濃�滃線鍙斥�濈瓑璇嶈銆傗�滃乏鈥濃�滃彸鈥濊瘝鐨勪娇鐢紝鍙嶆槧浜嗘垜鍥藉崡鏂逛汉浠ヤ汉浣撻儴浣嶄綔鍙傜収绯荤殑瀹氬悜鍘熷垯銆傜洰鍓嶆垜浠繕涓嶆竻妤氾紝杩欑瀹氬悜鍘熷垯鐨勪骇鐢燂紝鏄惁璺熶娇鐢ㄨ�呮墍澶勭殑鍦扮悊鐜鏈夊叧锛岀劧鑰岋紝璇ュ師鍒欑殑纭畝渚裤�佸疄鐢ㄣ��
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�1锛変互澶槼鐨勫崌钀戒綅缃‘瀹氭柟鍚�</p>
+ <p>
+ 浜戝崡鐪佺撼瑗胯鏂逛綅姒傚康鍜屾柟浣嶈瘝鐨勫舰鎴愶紝鏄互澶槼鍗囪惤鐨勪綅缃綔鍙傜収绯荤殑銆傚湪绾宠タ璇腑锛屸�滀笢鏂光�濊浣溾�滃凹缇庣獊鈥濓紝鍏朵腑锛屸�滃凹缇庘�濇寚澶槼锛屸�滅獊鈥濆嵆鈥滃嚭鈥濓紝璇ヨ瘝鐨勫瓧闈㈡剰鎬濇槸鈥滃お闃冲嚭鈥濄�傝瀛楃殑涓婇潰鏄厜鑺掑洓灏勭殑澶槼锛屼笅闈㈣〃绀哄お闃充粠涓�瀹氫綅缃崌璧风殑鐘舵�侊紝鍚堣捣鏉ヨ〃绀衡�滀笢鏂光�濄�傜撼瑗挎棌鐨勫厛姘戯紝缁忚繃闀挎湡鐨勮瀵熷拰鎰熺煡锛屽彂鐜板お闃虫�绘槸浠庢煇涓�鏂瑰悜鍗囪捣锛屾�绘槸鍦ㄧ浉鍙嶇殑鏂瑰悜钀戒笅锛屽洜鑰岄�愭笎褰㈡垚浜嗏�滃お闃宠惤鈥濈殑姒傚康銆傚湪绾宠タ璇腑锛屸�滆タ鏂光�濊浣溾�滃凹缇庡彜鈥濓紝瀛楅潰鎰忔�濆氨鏄�滃お闃宠惤鈥濄�傚睍绀哄嚭涓�骞呭お闃宠タ涓嬶紝浣欐櫀鏂滅収鐨勯粍鏄忓浘銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 楗舵湁瓒ｅ懗鐨勬槸锛屼互澶槼鐨勫崌钀戒綅缃潵纭畾涓滆タ鏂瑰悜鐨勫師鍒欙紝骞朵笉浠呬粎鍑虹幇鍦ㄧ撼瑗胯涓紝杩樺嚭鐜板湪鎴戝浗鐨勫綕锛堥儴鍒嗭級銆佷饯鍜屽倛鍍崇瓑姘戞棌璇█涔嬩腑銆傚彟澶栵紝灞呬綇鍦ㄥ寳缇庢床鐨勬槗娲涢瓉浜猴紝涔熸妸鈥滄湞涓滅殑涓�杈瑰彨浣溾�樻棩鍑轰箣鏂光�欌�濓紝鎶娾�滄湞瑗跨殑涓�杈瑰彨浣溾�樻棩娌′箣鏂光�欌�濄��
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�2锛変互灞辨按鐨勮蛋鍚戝拰浣嶇疆纭畾鏂瑰悜</p>
+ <p>
+ 璺熶笂杩扮撼瑗胯鏂逛綅璇嶇殑瀹氬悜鍘熷垯杩ョ劧涓嶅悓锛屾垜鍥借タ鍗楀湴鍖虹緦璇敮璇歌瑷�锛屽缇岃銆佹櫘绫宠鍜屽槈鎴庤鐨勬柟浣嶈瘝锛岄伒寰殑鍗存槸鍙﹀涓�绉嶅畾鍚戝師鍒欙紝鍗充互灞辨按鐨勮蛋鍚戝拰浣嶇疆鏉ョ‘瀹氭柟鍚戠殑鍘熷垯銆傚洜涓轰娇鐢ㄨ繖浜涜瑷�鐨勬皯鏃忥紝涓栦笘浠ｄ唬灞呬綇鍦ㄩ珮灞卞场璋峰湴甯︼紝
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="18">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(18) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">010</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鐢ㄥ北銆佸场銆佹睙娌虫潵杈ㄥ埆鏂瑰悜锛屼細璁╀粬浠劅鍒版洿鐩磋銆佹洿鐔熸倝銆佹洿鏂逛究銆傚湪鍥涘窛瑗块儴鐨勭緦璇腑锛岃〃绀衡�滀笢銆佽タ銆佸崡銆佸寳鈥濇柟浣嶇殑鍚嶈瘝锛岄兘鏄眽璇�熻瘝锛岀緦璇腑鍥烘湁鐨勬柟浣嶈瘝鍙湁鈥滅洿涓婃柟鈥濃�滅洿涓嬫柟鈥濃�滀笂娓告柟鈥濃�滀笅娓告柟鈥濃�滈潬姘存柟鈥濆拰鈥滈潬灞辨柟鈥濊繖6绉嶏紝姣忕鏂逛綅璇嶈繕鍙互鍐嶅鍔犫�滆繎鎸囥�佷腑鎸囧拰杩滄寚鈥�3涓皬绫伙紝鎵�浠ワ紝缇岃鍥烘湁鏂逛綅璇嶇殑鎬绘暟灏辨槸6脳4=24涓�備粠涓彲浠ョ湅鍑虹緦鏃忕┖闂存柟浣嶆蹇靛拰鏂逛綅鍚嶈瘝鐨勫舰鎴愶紝鏄庢樉鍙楀埌缇屾棌鍏堟皯璧栦互鐢熷瓨鐨勮嚜鐒跺湴鐞嗙幆澧冪殑褰卞搷銆傗�滅洿涓婃柟鈥濆拰鈥滅洿涓嬫柟鈥濈殑鍒掑垎锛屼緷鎹殑鏄北鑴夌殑鍨傜洿搴︼紱鈥滀笂娓告柟鈥濆拰鈥滀笅娓告柟鈥濈殑鍒囧垎锛屼緷鎹殑鏄睙姘寸殑婧愬ご鍜屾祦鍚戯紱鈥滈潬灞辨柟鈥濆拰鈥滈潬姘存柟鈥濈殑鍒嗚鲸锛屼緷鎹殑鏄北姘磋窡鍒嗚鲸鐗╀箣闂寸殑璺濈銆傛墍浠ワ紝缇岃鏂逛綅璇嶇殑鍒嗙被娉曡窡缇屾棌楂樺北宄¤胺鐨勭敓瀛樼幆澧冧箣闂达紝瀛樺湪鐫�涓�绉嶆瀬涓哄瘑鍒囩殑鑱旂郴銆�
+ </p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 40px"> </p>
<h2 id="b002">绗簩鑺傘��骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐨勬剰涔変笌鍩烘湰瑙傚康</h2>
<h3 id="c003">涓�銆佸辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勬剰涔�</h3>
@@ -205,11 +449,16 @@
<p>
1920骞达紝鍦ㄥ嵃搴﹀姞灏斿悇绛旇タ绾�1000鍗冪背鐨勪笡鏋椾腑锛屼汉浠彂鐜颁袱涓鐙尖�滄姎鍏烩�濋暱澶х殑骞煎効銆傚濮愬彨鍗＄帥鎷夛紙绾�7宀侊級锛屽濡瑰彨闃跨帥鎷夛紙绾�2宀侊級銆傚濡逛袱浜鸿鍙戠幇鏃跺畬鍏ㄤ笉鎳傚緱浜虹被璇█锛屼細鍙戝嚭鍜岀嫾宸埆涓嶅ぇ鐨勯珮鍡撳皷鍟革紝鐢熸椿涔犳儻鍜屼汉绫讳篃澶т笉
</p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m5"></a><a href="chapter001.html#w5">[5]</a>
+ 鐜嬫爲鑼�.鎰熻缁熷悎涓庣瀛﹀吇鑲插瀛愶蓟M锛�.娌堥槼锛氳窘瀹佷汉姘戝嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2000锛�150-151.鏈夋敼鍔ㄣ��
+ </p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
- <div class="page-box" page="11">
- <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(11) > -1">
+ <div class="page-box" page="19">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(19) > -1">
<ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
<img
class="headerTextImg"
@@ -217,7 +466,7 @@
alt=""
/>
<li class="headerText">绗竴绔� 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛姒傝堪</li>
- <li class="headerRightNumber">003</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">011</li>
</ul>
<div class="bodystyle">
<p class="notIndent">
@@ -256,8 +505,18 @@
</div>
</div>
</div>
- <div class="page-box" page="12">
- <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(12) > -1">
+ <div class="page-box" page="20">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(20) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">012</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+
<div class="bodystyle">
<p class="notIndent">
涔熸湁浜嗗緢澶х殑鏀瑰杽銆傚辜鍎挎帉鎻¤瑷�鍚庯紝浜洪檯浜ゅ線鏄庢樉娲昏穬璧锋潵锛岃瑷�淇冭繘浜嗕翰瀛愩�佸悓浼撮棿鐨勭浉浜掔悊瑙ｏ紝濡傗�滃挶浠帺寮�鐏溅鐨勬父鎴忓惂鈥濄�傚辜鍎垮彲浠ラ�氳繃璇█琛ㄨ揪鑷繁鐨勬剰鎰夸笌鎯呯华鐘舵�佺瓑锛屽鈥滆繖涓皬濂冲澶彲鎬滀簡锛屾垜浠府甯ス鍚р�濄�傚辜鍎夸篃鍙互鏍规嵁璇█鐞嗚В浠栦汉鐨勬儏缁紝杩涜�岃皟鑺傝嚜宸辩殑琛屼负锛屽褰撳惉鍒颁紮浼磋涓嶅紑蹇冪殑鏃跺�欙紝骞煎効鍙兘涓诲姩鍘诲畨鎱颁紮浼淬�傚湪鍜屽悓浼翠氦娴佽繃绋嬩腑锛岃瑷�淇冭繘浜嗗辜鍎垮弸璋婄殑鍙戝睍锛屼篃鎻愰珮浜嗗叾绀句細鎬с��
@@ -304,8 +563,18 @@
</div>
</div>
</div>
- <div class="page-box" page="13">
- <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(13) > -1">
+ <div class="page-box" page="21">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(21) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗竴绔� 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛姒傝堪</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">013</li>
+ </ul>
+
<div class="bodystyle">
<p class="notIndent">瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勯噸鐐广��</p>
<h5 id="e013">2.骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鍐呭搴旇鏄叏闈㈣�屽畬鏁寸殑</h5>
@@ -331,8 +600,18 @@
</div>
</div>
</div>
- <div class="page-box" page="14">
- <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(14) > -1">
+ <div class="page-box" page="22">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(22) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">014</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+
<div class="bodystyle">
<h5 id="e017">3.璇█鏁欒偛鏂瑰紡鐨勬暣鍚�</h5>
<p>
@@ -380,8 +659,18 @@
</div>
</div>
</div>
- <div class="page-box" page="15">
- <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(15) > -1">
+ <div class="page-box" page="23">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(23) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">015</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+
<div class="bodystyle">
<div class="bk2">
<p class="center"><b>鏈珷灏忕粨</b></p>
diff --git a/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter002.vue b/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter002.vue
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..959cb78
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter002.vue
@@ -0,0 +1,1551 @@
+<template>
+ <div class="chapter" num="3">
+ <div class="page-box" page="24">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(24) > -1">
+ <div class="bodystyle" style="padding-top: 560px">
+ <h1 id="a010">
+ <img class="img-0 coverImg" alt="" src="../../images/z2.jpg" />
+ </h1>
+ <h6>瀛︿範鐩爣鈻�</h6>
+ <p>1.浜嗚В鍚勭悊璁烘祦娲惧叧浜庡効绔ヨ瑷�鑾峰緱涓庡彂灞曠殑鍩烘湰瑙傜偣銆�</p>
+ <p>2.棰嗕細褰卞搷瀛﹀墠鍎跨璇█鍙戝睍鐨勪富瑕佸洜绱犮��</p>
+ <p>
+ 3.鎺屾彙涓嶅悓骞撮緞闃舵鍎跨璇█鍙戝睍鐗圭偣锛屽苟鑳藉鏍规嵁瀹為檯涓哄辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鎻愬嚭寤鸿銆�
+ </p>
+ <h6>瀛︿範瀵煎浘鈻�</h6>
+ <p class="center openImgBox">
+ <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../../images/0036-1.jpg" />
+ </p>
+ <h6>瀵煎叆妗堜緥鈻�</h6>
+ <p>
+ 鎹嫳鍥姐�婃瘡鏃ラ偖鎶ャ��2008骞�3鏈�3鏃ユ姤閬擄紝鏈�杩戝湪淇勭綏鏂彂鐜颁竴浣嶁�滄瘺鍏嬪埄鐥団�濓紙Mowgli
+ syndrome锛夋偅鑰咃紝鍦ㄥ綋鍦板崼鐢熶繚鍋ヤ汉鍛樼殑钀ユ晳涓嬶紝杩欎綅7宀佺殑鐢峰鎴愬姛鑴辩鍏舵瘝浜茬殑铏愬緟銆備粬鐨勬瘝浜蹭竴鐩村皢浠栧拰涓�缇ら笩绫诲叧鍦ㄤ竴璧烽ゲ鍏伙紝杩欎釜鐢峰琚叧鍦ㄦ湁涓ら棿鍗у鐨勬埧瀛愪腑锛岄偅閲岀湅涓婂幓鏇村儚涓�闂村ぇ鍨嬮笩绫婚ゲ鍏诲満銆傝鑰呴噰璁垮叾涓竴浣嶈惀鏁戜汉鍛樻椂锛屽ス璇达細鈥滅敺瀛╃殑31宀佹瘝浜插氨鍍忓杺鍏婚笩鍎夸竴鏍峰杺鍏诲効瀛愶紝铏界劧濂逛粠涓嶆墦楠傚効瀛愶紝鐢峰韬笂娌℃湁浠讳綍鍙椾激杩硅薄锛屼絾鏄ス浠庢湭涓庡彲鎬滅殑鐢峰璇磋繃璇濓紝鑰屼粬鍙兘涓庢湞澶曠浉浼寸殑楦熷効娌熼�氾紝浠栦細鍙藉徑鍠冲柍鍦板彨锛屽綋浜轰滑鍚笉鎳備粬璇磋瘽鏃讹紝蹇冩�ョ殑鐢峰渚夸細
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="25">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(25) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗簩绔� 瀛﹀墠鍎跨璇█鍙戝睍鏁欒偛</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">017</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鍍忛笩鍎夸竴鏍锋尌鍔ㄧ潃鑷繁鐨勬墜鑷傘�傗��<a id="w1"></a
+ ><a href="chapter002.html#m1"><sup>[1]</sup></a>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 姣棤鐤戦棶锛屾渚嬩腑鐨勫効绔ユ槸浜猴紝鍏锋湁浜虹被璇█鐨勯仐浼犲熀纭�銆備絾浠栦负浠�涔堝彧浼氬徑鍙藉柍鍠冲湴鍙紝鐫�鎬ユ椂涔熷彧浼氭尌鍔ㄦ墜鑷傦紵鏄粈涔堥檺鍒跺叾璇█鑳藉姏鐨勫彂灞曪紵璇█鍙戝睍鍒板簳鏄厛澶╅仐浼犲喅瀹氾紝杩樻槸鍚庡ぉ鐜褰卞搷鐨勶紵鍝簺鍥犵礌褰卞搷鍎跨璇█鐨勫彂灞曪紵涓轰簡璁╁効绔ユ洿濂藉湴鎺屾彙璇█锛屾暀甯堜笌瀹堕暱闇�瑕佹敞鎰忓摢浜涢棶棰橈紵鏈珷鍐呭鏄杩欎簺闂鐨勫叿浣撳洖绛斻��
+ </p>
+ <h2 id="b003">绗竴鑺傘��瀛﹀墠鍎跨璇█鍙戝睍鐨勭浉鍏崇悊璁�</h2>
+ <p>
+ 浜虹被璇█鍙戝睍鏄厛澶╁喅瀹氳繕鏄悗澶╁奖鍝嶇殑闂宸叉垚涓鸿繎30骞存潵璇█瀛﹀鍜屽績鐞嗗瀹舵墍浜夎鐨勬牳蹇冮棶棰樹箣涓�銆備簤璁虹殑鐒︾偣鏈夛細璇█鏄厛澶╁舰鎴愮殑锛岃繕鏄悗澶╀範寰楃殑锛涙槸琚姩瀛︿範鐨勶紝杩樻槸涓诲姩鍒涢�犵殑锛涜瑷�涓庤鐭ョ殑鍏崇郴绛夈�備笉鍚岀殑瀛﹁�呭璇█鍙戝睍鏈変笉鍚岀殑瑙ｉ噴锛屽舰鎴愪簡鍑犵涓昏鐨勮瑷�鍙戝睍鐞嗚銆�
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c005">涓�銆佺幆澧冭</h3>
+ <p>
+ 鐜璁哄張绉板悗澶╀範寰楄鎴栫粡楠岃锛屾鐞嗚娴佹淳鐨勭悊璁哄熀纭�鏄反鐢礇澶殑鏉′欢鍙嶅皠鍜屼袱绉嶄俊鍙风郴缁熷璇村強鍗庣敓鐨勮涓轰富涔夊璇达紝鍦ㄥ効绔ヨ瑷�鍙戝睍鐨勯棶棰樹笂鏇村己璋冨悗澶╃幆澧冪殑鍥犵礌锛屼粬浠涓哄効绔ヨ瑷�鐨勫涔犲氨鏄湪鍚庡ぉ鐜涓�氳繃瀛︿範鑾峰緱璇█涔犳儻锛岃�岃瑷�涔犳儻鐨勮幏寰楁槸涓�绯诲垪鈥滃埡婵�鈥斿弽搴旓紙Stimulus-Response锛孲-R锛夆�濈殑缁撴灉銆傛牴鎹晶閲嶇偣涓嶅悓锛岃鐞嗚鍙堝彲鍒嗕负妯′豢璇淬�佸己鍖栬鍜屼腑浠嬭涓変釜鍏蜂綋瀛﹁銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d013">锛堜竴锛夋ā浠胯</h4>
+ <p>
+ 妯′豢璇翠富瑕佸己璋冨効绔ラ�氳繃瀵规垚浜鸿瑷�鐨勬ā浠胯�屽浼氳瑷�銆傛垚浜虹殑璇█瀵瑰効绔ュ舰鎴愬埡婵�锛屽効绔ユā浠挎槸鍙嶅簲锛屼笉鏂湴鈥滃埡婵�鈥斿弽搴斺�濓紝鍎跨閫愭笎鎺屾彙璇█銆傛牴鎹ā浠挎柟寮忕殑涓嶅悓鍙堝垎涓烘満姊版ā浠胯鍜岄�夋嫨鎬фā浠胯銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏈烘妯′豢璇寸敱缇庡浗蹇冪悊瀛﹀闃垮皵娉㈢壒锛團.H.Allport锛変簬1924骞存彁鍑猴紝姝ょ悊璁哄己璋冨効绔ヨ瑷�鐨勮幏寰楁槸瀵圭埗姣嶈瑷�鐨勭畝鍗曘�佹満姊版ā浠匡紝鎶婂効绔ヨ瑷�鐪嬩綔鎴愪汉璇█鐨勭炕鐗堬紝瀹冨拷瑙嗗効绔ュ涔犺瑷�杩囩▼涓殑鍒涢�犳�э紝宸茶瓒婃潵瓒婂鐨勫彂灞曞績鐞嗗瀹舵墍鍚﹀畾銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 閫夋嫨鎬фā浠胯鐢辨��鐗硅但鏂壒锛圙.J.Whitehurst锛夌瓑1975骞存彁鍑猴紝浠栦滑寮鸿皟鍎跨璇█瀛︿範涓嶆槸瀵规垚浜鸿瑷�鐨勬満姊扮炕鐗堬紝鑰屾槸閫夋嫨鎬у湴妯′豢銆傚効绔ュ湪瀵规煇绉嶈瑷�鐜拌薄鍏锋湁涓�瀹氱殑鎺ュ彈鑳藉姏鏃讹紝灏变細瀵硅繖绉嶈瑷�鐜拌薄杩涜閫夋嫨鎬фā浠裤�傚効绔ユā浠跨殑鍐呭鏄垚浜虹殑璇█缁撴瀯鑰屼笉鏄垚浜鸿瑷�鐨勫叿浣撳唴瀹广�傚効绔ラ�氳繃妯′豢鎴愪汉鐨勮瑷�缁撴瀯锛屽皢杩欑缁撴瀯杩佺Щ鍒版柊鐨勮瑷�鎯呭涓紝褰㈡垚鑷繁鐨勮瑷�绯荤粺銆傞�夋嫨鎬фā浠�
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m1"></a><a href="chapter002.html#w1">[1]</a>
+ http锛�//env.people.com.cn/GB/106985/8438274.html锛�2015-08-22銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="26">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(26) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">018</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 璇存洿寮鸿皟鍎跨妯′豢鐨勮瑷�涓庢垚浜鸿瑷�鍔熻兘鐨勭浉浼兼�э紝鑰屼笉鏄叿浣撳唴瀹圭殑涓�鑷存�с�傚効绔ヤ範寰楄瑷�鐨勮繃绋嬫槸鍦ㄧ敓娲绘儏澧冧腑杩涜鐨勮�岄潪鍦ㄥ己鍖栨垨璁粌鎯呭涓畬鎴愮殑銆傚彲浠ヨ閫夋嫨鎬фā浠挎槸鍎跨涔犲緱璇█鐨勬柟寮忎箣涓�锛屼絾涓嶆槸鍏ㄩ儴銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d014">锛堜簩锛夊己鍖栬</h4>
+ <p>
+ 寮哄寲璇存槸琛屼负涓讳箟鏈�鏈夊奖鍝嶇殑瑙ｉ噴鍎跨璇█鑾峰緱鍜屽彂灞曠殑鐞嗚锛屾鐞嗚鏇村己璋冣�滃己鍖栤�濆湪璇█瀛︿範涓殑閲嶈浣滅敤锛屽叾涓昏浠ｈ〃浜虹墿鏂噾绾筹紙B.F.Skinner锛夎涓猴紝鍦ㄧ敓娲讳腑鍎跨鍚堜箮璇硶鐨勮█璇緱鍒板己鍖栵紝鎵�浠ヤ粬浠浼氫簡璇█銆傛垚浜烘湁閫夋嫨鍦板己鍖栧┐鍎垮捒鍛�澹颁腑鏈�绫讳技姣嶈鐨勯偅浜涜闊筹紝鍥犳杩欎簺璇煶寰楀埌浜嗗己鍖栥�備竴鏃﹀効绔ユ妸杩欎簺璇煶缁勫悎鎴愯瘝銆佸彞绛夛紝浠栦滑浼氬緱鍒扮埗姣嶇殑杩涗竴姝ュ己鍖栵紝閭ｄ簺閿欒鐨勩�佷笉鍚堣娉曡鍒欑殑闊宠妭銆佽瘝銆佸彞鍥犱负寰椾笉鍒板己鍖栦細鑷姩娑堝け銆傜畝瑷�涔嬶紝鍏昏偛鑰呮槸閫氳繃绀鸿寖鍜屽己鍖栧悎涔庤娉曟硶鍒欑殑璇█鍘绘暀浼氬瀛愯璇濈殑銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 铏界劧妯′豢鍜屽己鍖栧湪鍎跨璇█瀛︿範杩囩▼涓姛涓嶅彲娌★紝浣嗘鐞嗚涓嶈兘寰堝ソ鍦拌В閲婂涓嬮棶棰樸��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 绗竴锛屽効绔ュ湪瀛︿範璇磋瘽鐨勮繃绋嬩腑锛屾垚浜烘洿鍏虫敞鐨勬槸鍎跨璇█鐨勭湡瀹炴�э紝鑰屼笉鏄娉曠殑姝ｇ‘鎬с�傛瘮濡傦紝鍎跨鎸囩潃涓�澶寸墰璇达細鈥滅墰锛屾槸銆傗�濇垚浜轰篃璁镐細椹笂璧炶锛氣�滀綘澶仾鏄庝簡锛岄偅鏄竴澶寸墰銆傗�濊�屽鏋滃効绔ユ寚鐫�涓�澶寸墰锛岃锛氣�滀竴鍙嫍銆傗�濇垚浜轰篃璁镐細绔嬪埢鍛婄煡浠栵細鈥滀笉锛岄偅鏄竴澶寸墰銆傗��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 绗簩锛屽効绔ュ湪瀛︿範璇磋瘽鐨勮繃绋嬩腑锛屼細鍒涢�犲嚭寰堝鎴愪汉娌℃湁鏁欒繃浠栦滑鐨勮鍙ャ�傚鎴愪汉璇达細鈥滅湅锛岄偅鍙尨瀛愬湪鐖爲銆傗�濆効绔ュ緢鍙兘浼氳锛氣�滄爲锛岀尨瀛愮埇銆傗�濆彲瑙侊紝鍎跨璇村嚭鐨勮鍙ヤ腑骞朵笉鏄墍鏈夌殑閮芥簮浜庢ā浠匡紝杩樻湁寰堝ぇ鐨勫垱閫犳�с��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d015">锛堜笁锛変腑浠嬭</h4>
+ <p>
+ 涓粙璇村張绉颁紶閫掕锛屾槸瀵逛紶缁熸ā浠胯鐨勪竴绉嶆敼杩涖�備紶缁熺殑妯′豢璇磋涓鸿瑷�瀛︿範鏄畝鍗曠殑鈥滃埡婵�鈥斿弽搴斺�濓紝鑰屼腑浠嬭鍒欏己璋冨湪鈥滃埡婵�鈥斿弽搴斺�濅腑闂存湁涓�绯诲垪鍥犺仈鎯宠�屽紩璧风殑闅愬惈鐨勨�滃埡婵�鈥斿弽搴斺�濓紝鎵�鏈夎繖浜涢殣鍚殑鈥滃埡婵�鈥斿弽搴斺�濇瀯鎴愪腑浠嬩綋绯汇�傛墍浠ワ紝璇█鐨勫涔犳槸鍒烘縺鍜屽弽搴旈�氳繃涓粙浣撶郴鑰屽缓绔嬬殑鑱旂郴銆傛瘮濡傦紝褰撴垜浠鈥滃皬鏄庢槸璀﹀療鈥濇椂锛屸�滆瀵熲�濊繖涓瘝鑳藉璁╀汉浠仈鎯冲埌寰堝鍏充簬璀﹀療鐨勫睘鎬э紝杩欎簺灞炴�т細闅忕潃璇█鐨勪紶鎾�屼紶鎾�備腑浠嬭鍦ㄥ埡婵�鍜屽弽搴斾箣闂村姞鍏ヤ簡涓粙鎴愬垎锛岃瘯鍥句互姝ゆ潵瑙ｉ噴骞煎効鐨勮瑷�瀛︿範銆傛鐞嗚鐢ㄢ�滆仈鎯斥�濈‘瀹炶兘澶熻鏄庝竴浜涢棶棰橈紝姣斿锛屽効绔ユ槸濡備綍鍒涢�犺瑷�鐨勩�備絾涓粙璇翠篃鏈夊緢澶氶棶棰橈紝姣斿锛屼紶閫掑弽搴斾笉涓�瀹氭槸鍦ㄧ洿鎺ュ埡婵�浣滅敤涓嬩骇鐢熺殑锛屼篃璁告槸閫氳繃闂存帴缁忛獙瀹炵幇鐨勶紝璁稿浜哄湪娌℃湁瑙佽繃鎴栧惉璇磋繃鈥滆瀵熲�濅箣鍓嶅氨鑳藉閫氳繃闂存帴缁忛獙浜嗚В璀﹀療銆備紶閫掓�у弽搴斾篃涓嶄竴瀹氳兘澶熸垚涓洪殣鍚殑鍒烘縺锛屽紩璧锋柊鐨勫弽搴旓紝浜轰滑濡傛灉涓嶇浉淇♀�滃皬鏄庢槸璀﹀療鈥濓紝涔熷氨涓嶈兘寮曡捣鍏舵柊鐨勫弽搴斻��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 濡傛灉鍎跨涓嶆槸鐩存帴妯′豢鎴愪汉浣跨敤鐨勮娉曪紝閭ｄ箞浠栦滑鐨勮瑷�鏄�庝箞浜х敓鐨勫憿锛熻澶氬績鐞嗗瀹躲�佽瑷�瀛﹀璇曞浘鐢ㄨ瑷�鍙戝睍鐨勭敓鐗╄鍘诲洖绛旇繖涓棶棰橈紝杩欎竴鐞嗚闃愯堪灏辨槸鍏堝ぉ璁鸿鐐广��
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="27">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(27) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗簩绔� 瀛﹀墠鍎跨璇█鍙戝睍鏁欒偛</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">019</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <h3 id="c006">浜屻�佸厛澶╄</h3>
+ <p>
+ 涓轰簡鏇村ソ鍦拌В閲婁笂杩伴棶棰橈紝鍏堝ぉ璁鸿�呮洿鍊惧悜浜庤涓洪仐浼犲洜绱犳槸璇█鍙戝睍鐨勫喅瀹氭�у洜绱犮�備粬浠涓轰汉绫诲湪杩涘寲鐨勮繃绋嬩腑鑾峰緱鍏堝ぉ閬椾紶鐨勮瑷�鑳藉姏锛屽彧瑕佹潯浠舵弧瓒筹紝杩欎簺閫氳繃閬椾紶鑾峰緱鐨勫厛澶╄兘鍔涘氨浼氳嚜鐒舵垚鐔燂紝鍎跨涔熷氨鑷劧鑾峰緱璇█鑳藉姏銆傚厛澶╄涓瘮杈冩湁褰卞搷鍔涚殑鐞嗚鏈夊厛澶╄瑷�鑳藉姏璇村拰鑷劧鎴愮啛璇淬��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d016">锛堜竴锛夊厛澶╄瑷�鑳藉姏璇�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 涔斿鏂熀锛圢oam Chomsky锛夎涓猴紝浜虹被鏄厤鏈夎瑷�鑾峰緱瑁呯疆锛圠anguage
+ Acquisition
+ Device锛孡AD锛夌殑锛屽畠鏄竴涓笌鐢熶勘鏉ョ殑璇█澶勭悊鍣紝鏈夎瑷�杈撳叆渚胯兘婵�娲汇�傝繖涓瑷�鑾峰緱瑁呯疆鍖呭惈鏅亶璇硶锛屾櫘閬嶈娉曟槸瀵规墍鏈夎瑷�閫氱敤鐨勮鍒欑煡璇嗭紝鎵�浠ワ紝涓嶇鍎跨鍚埌鐨勬槸鍝竴绉嶈瑷�锛屽彧瑕佽幏寰楄冻澶熺殑璇嶆眹閲忥紝灏卞彲浠ラ�氳繃璇█鑾峰緱瑁呯疆灏嗕範寰楃殑鍗曡瘝缁勫悎鎴愭柊鐨勩�佸彈瑙勫垯闄愬埗鐨勮瑷�銆傚洜姝わ紝涓嶇鍏ㄤ笘鐣屽効绔ョ殑璇█缁撴瀯鏈変綍绛夊樊寮傦紝浠栦滑閮借兘鍦ㄥぇ鑷寸浉鍚岀殑骞撮緞杈惧埌鐩镐技鐨勮瑷�鍙戝睍姘村钩銆傚洜涓鸿瑷�鑾峰緱瑁呯疆鏄汉绫婚仐浼犺�屾潵鐨勶紝鍏锋湁鏅亶涓�鑷存�с��
+ </p>
+ <p class="center openImgBox">
+ <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../../images/0039-1.jpg" />
+ </p>
+ <p class="img">鍥�2-1 鍏堝ぉ璁烘彁鍑虹殑璇█鑾峰緱妯″瀷</p>
+ <p>
+ 鐜板湪寰堝鐢熺墿瀛︾殑鐮旂┒鏀寔浜嗕箶濮嗘柉鍩虹殑瑙傜偣銆傜涓�锛岃瑷�鍙戝睍涓庡ぇ鑴戝姛鑳藉亸渚у寲鐩稿叧锛岃�屽ぇ鑴戝姛鑳藉亸渚у寲鏄仐浼犲喅瀹氱殑銆傜浜岋紝蹇冪悊瀛﹀璁や负璇█鍙戝睍鏁忔劅鏈熸槸浠庡嚭鐢熷埌闈掓槬鏈燂紝鍦ㄨ繖娈垫椂鏈熻瑷�鏈�瀹规槗鑾峰緱锛岃繃浜嗚繖娈垫椂闂达紝鍋忎晶鍖栫殑澶ц剳鍦ㄨ瑷�鍔熻兘涓婂彉寰楄秺鏉ヨ秺涓撻棬鍖栵紝璇█涔犲緱涔熻秺鏉ヨ秺鍥伴毦銆傚熀浜庤剳绉戝鐨勭爺绌讹紝浜轰滑璁や负璇█鍙戝睍鏇村鍦板彈鍒板厛澶╅仐浼犵殑褰卞搷銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 濡備粖锛岃櫧鐒跺緢澶氫汉閮藉悓鎰忚瑷�瀛︿範鍦ㄥ緢澶х▼搴︿笂鍙楀埌閬椾紶鍥犵礌鐨勫奖鍝嶏紝浣嗘鐞嗚涔熸湁鏌愪簺闂鏃犳硶瑙ｉ噴锛屾瘮濡傦紝鍏朵粬鍔ㄧ墿鐨勫辜宕戒篃鑳藉湪鍑虹敓鐨勪竴娈垫椂闂村唴琛ㄧ幇鍑虹浉浼间簬浜虹被鐨勫惉瑙夎鲸鍒兘鍔涳紝鎵�浠ワ紝璇█鑾峰緱瑁呯疆涔熻涓嶆槸浜虹被鐗规湁鐨勩�傚厛澶╄瑷�鑳藉姏璇存妸璇█鍙戝睍褰掑洜浜庤繖绉嶇绉樺姏閲忥紙LAD锛夛紝浣嗘病鏈夊幓瑙ｉ噴璇█鑾峰緱瑁呯疆鍒板簳鏄浣曞伐浣滅殑锛屾瘮濡傦紝澶勭悊鍣ㄥ浣曡繃婊よ緭鍏ョ殑璇█锛屽浣曟帹鏂娉曡鍒欑瓑銆傚緢鏄庢樉锛岃繖涓悊璁轰篃鏄笉瀹屾暣鐨勩��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d017">锛堜簩锛夎嚜鐒舵垚鐔熻</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鑷劧鎴愮啛璇存槸鐢辩編鍥藉搱浣涘尰瀛﹂櫌蹇冪悊瀛﹀鍕掔撼浼牸锛圗.H.Lenneberg锛夋彁鍑虹殑锛屼粬璁や负浜虹殑璇█鑳藉姏鏄厛澶╃殑锛屽洜涓轰汉鐨勮瑷�琛屼负鍦ㄥ効绔ラ渶瑕佷箣鍓嶅氨鍑虹幇浜嗭紝鑰屼笖杩欑鍑虹幇涓嶆槸涓昏鍐冲畾鐨勶紝涔熶笉鏄潬澶栭儴鍘熷洜婵�鍙戠殑銆傚効绔ヨ幏寰楄瑷�鑳藉姏鏈夊叾鈥滃叧閿湡鈥濓紝寰堝鍏藉鐨勪緥瀛愯鏄庯紝閿欒繃浜嗚瑷�鍙戝睍鈥滃叧閿湡鈥濆啀鍘昏缁冨効绔ュ涔犺瑷�鐨勬晥鏋滃苟涓嶇悊鎯炽��
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="28">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(28) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">020</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鍕掔撼浼牸璁や负涓嶄粎璇█鑾峰緱鍏锋湁鍏堝ぉ鎬э紝璇█鑳藉姏鐨勬垚鐔熶篃鏄敱閬椾紶鍐冲畾鐨勩�備汉绫昏瑷�鑳藉姏鐨勫彂灞曞彈鍒板彂闊冲櫒瀹樸�佸ぇ鑴戠瓑绁炵粡鏈哄埗鐨勫埗绾︺�備竴鏃﹁繖浜涘奖鍝嶈瑷�鍙戝睍鐨勫洜绱犳垚鐔燂紝鍙鏈夐�傚綋鐨勫鐣屾潯浠舵縺娲伙紝浜虹殑娼滃湪璇█缁撴瀯灏变細杞彉涓虹幇瀹炶瑷�缁撴瀯锛屼汉鐨勮瑷�鑳藉姏涔熷氨浼氬緢杞绘澗鍦拌幏寰椼�傚叏涓栫晫鑼冨洿鍐呯殑鍎跨閮界粡鍘嗕簡姣旇緝鐩镐技鐨勮瑷�鍙戝睍闃舵锛屽氨鏄洜涓烘墍鏈夊効绔ョ殑鍙戦煶鍣ㄥ畼銆佸ぇ鑴戠瓑绁炵粡鏈哄埗閮界粡鍘嗕簡鐩镐技鐨勫彂灞曢樁娈点��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 涔斿鏂熀鍜屽嫆绾充集鏍奸兘寮鸿皟璇█鍙戝睍鐨勫厛澶╂�э紝浠栦滑鍚﹀畾鐜鍜岃瑷�浜ゅ線鍦ㄨ瑷�鍙戝睍涓殑閲嶈浣滅敤銆傚厛澶╄涓嶈兘寰堝ソ鍦拌В閲婁负浣曚笉鍚屾皯鏃忕殑鍎跨鑳藉鑾峰緱涓嶅悓鐨勮瑷�绯荤粺鍜屽惉璇磋兘鍔涳紝涔熸棤娉曡В閲婁负浣曟湁浜涘効绔ュ惉鍔涙甯革紝浣嗙敱浜庣埗姣嶆湁鍚鏂归潰鐨勯殰纰嶏紝杩欎釜鍎跨灏辨棤娉曞紑鍙ｈ璇濈殑鎯呭喌銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 涓轰簡鏇村ソ鍦拌В閲婅瑷�鍙戝睍闂锛岀悊璁哄瀹舵彁鍑轰簡璇█鍙戝睍鐨勭浉浜掍綔鐢ㄨ銆�
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c007">涓夈�佺浉浜掍綔鐢ㄨ</h3>
+ <p>
+ 浠ョ毊浜氭澃锛圝ean
+ Piaget锛変负浠ｈ〃鐨勮鐭ュ娲撅紝鍦ㄥ厛澶╁洜绱犲拰鍚庡ぉ鍥犵礌涔嬪鍙堟彁鍑轰簡鐢卞叾鐩镐簰浣滅敤浜х敓鐨勪竴涓瑷�璧栦互渚濇墭鐨勮鐭ョ粨鏋勶紝鎻愬嚭浜嗗厛澶╀笌鍚庡ぉ鐩镐簰浣滅敤璁恒�傜浉浜掍綔鐢ㄨ鐨勬敮鎸佽�呰涓鸿瑷�鐨勫彂灞曟簮浜庣敓鐞嗙殑鎴愮啛锛堜富瑕佷负澶ц剳锛夈�佽鐭ュ彂灞曚笌澶栫晫鐜涓よ�呬箣闂村鏉傜殑鐩镐簰浣滅敤锛屾墍浠ワ紝璇█鏄嚜鐒跺拰鍏昏偛涔嬮棿澶嶆潅鐨勪氦浜掍綔鐢ㄧ殑浜х墿銆傜浉浜掍綔鐢ㄨ鍙互鏍规嵁浣滅敤瀵硅薄鐨勪晶閲嶇偣涓嶅悓鍒嗕负璁ょ煡鐩镐簰浣滅敤璁哄拰绀句細鐩镐簰浣滅敤璁恒��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d018">锛堜竴锛夎鐭ョ浉浜掍綔鐢ㄨ</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鐨簹鏉拌涓哄効绔ュ績鐞嗗彂灞曟槸涓诲浣撶浉浜掍綔鐢ㄧ殑缁撴灉锛屽効绔ュ湪涓庡鐣岀幆澧冪殑鐩镐簰浣滅敤涓缓鏋勮嚜宸卞涓栫晫鐨勮璇嗭紝姝ょ悊璁轰富瑕佹湁濡備笅瑙傜偣銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e021">1.璇█涓庤鐭ョ殑鍏崇郴鏄弽鏄犱笌琚弽鏄犵殑鍏崇郴</h5>
+ <p>
+ 璇█鏄�濈淮鐨勭鍙凤紝鏄汉绫荤敤鏉ユ爣蹇楁垨浠ｈ〃浜嬬墿鐨勪竴绉嶉煶涔夌粨鍚堢殑鐗规畩绗﹀彿銆傚┐鍎跨敱浜庣己涔忓浣撴案涔呮�э紝浠栦滑鏃犳硶鐞嗚В涓嶅湪鐪煎墠鐨勪簨鐗╋紝鎵�浠ヨ瑷�鑳藉姏涔熷緢宸�傞殢鐫�鍎跨鎬濈淮鐨勪笉鏂彂灞曪紝鍎跨鑳藉鍦ㄨ瘝璇拰鍏惰〃绀虹殑浜嬬墿涔嬮棿寤虹珛绋冲畾鐨勮仈绯伙紝灏变骇鐢熶簡璇█銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e022">2.鎬濈淮鍙戝睍姘村钩鍐冲畾璇█鍙戝睍姘村钩</h5>
+ <p>
+ 棣栧厛锛岀毊浜氭澃璁や负鍎跨璇█鑳藉姏鐨勫彂灞曞彈鍒朵簬鍎跨鏁翠綋璁ょ煡鑳藉姏鐨勬彁楂橈紝鍙湁浜轰滑瀵规煇涓簨鐗╂湁浜嗚鐭ュ悗锛屾墠鑳界敤璇█鍑嗙‘鎻忚堪銆傚叾娆★紝鐨簹鏉拌涓哄効绔ョ殑鎬濈淮骞堕潪鏉ヨ嚜璇█鑰屾槸鏉ヨ嚜鍔ㄤ綔锛屽効绔ュ湪9涓湀浠ュ悗铏界劧杩樻病鏈夎瑷�锛屼絾宸叉湁浜嗗姩浣滄�濈淮銆傚洜姝わ紝涓嶈兘璁や负璇█鍏堜簬璁ょ煡鎬濈淮锛屼篃涓嶈兘璇存墍鏈夌殑鎬濈淮閮戒笌璇█鏈夎仈绯汇��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e023">3.璁ょ煡缁撴瀯鐨勫彂灞曟簮浜庝富瀹綋鐩镐簰浣滅敤</h5>
+ <p>
+ 涓綋鐨勮鐭ョ粨鏋勫拰鑳藉姏鏄笉鏂彂灞曠殑锛岃繖绉嶅彂灞曟潵婧愪簬涓诲浣撶殑鐩镐簰浣滅敤銆傜毊浜氭澃璁や负浜虹殑鏅哄姏娲诲姩鏈�鍒濇潵婧愪簬涓�浜涘熀鏈殑鍔ㄤ綔鍥惧紡锛岃繖浜涘熀鏈殑鍔ㄤ綔鍥惧紡涓嶆柇
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="29">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(29) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗簩绔� 瀛﹀墠鍎跨璇█鍙戝睍鏁欒偛</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">021</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鑱斿悎锛屽舰鎴愪簡鏇翠负澶嶆潅鐨勫姩浣滅粨鏋勩�傚効绔ヤ竴鏃﹁幏寰楁煇绉嶅姩浣滅粨鏋勶紝渚夸細鍒╃敤杩欎釜宸ュ叿鍘绘敼閫犲懆鍥寸殑涓栫晫锛屾瘮濡傦紝鎶婂悆濂剁殑鍔ㄤ綔鍔犱互鎺ㄥ箍锛屽氨鍑虹幇浜嗗挰鎵嬫寚銆佸挰琛ｈ绛夋柊鐨勫姩浣滐紝鐨簹鏉版妸杩欑涓嶇敤鏀瑰彉鍘熸湁璁ょ煡缁撴瀯鑰屽仛鐨勭粌涔犲彨浣滃悓鍖栥�傚鏋滃効绔ラ亣鍒颁笉鑳藉悓鍖栫殑鎯呭喌锛屽氨浼氫富鍔ㄦ敼鍙樺叾璁ょ煡缁撴瀯浠ラ�傚簲澶栫晫鐜锛岀毊浜氭澃鎶婅繖绉嶄綔鐢ㄦ柟寮忓彨浣滈『搴斻�傚効绔ュ氨鏄湪涓嶆柇鍦板悓鍖栦笌椤哄簲鐨勫钩琛′腑鍙戝睍鑷繁鐨勮鐭ヨ兘鍔涳紝杩涜�屽彂灞曡瑷�鑳藉姏鐨勩��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 璁ょ煡鐩镐簰浣滅敤璁哄缓绔嬪湪鍏堝ぉ璁哄彂灞曠殑鍩虹涔嬩笂锛岃涓哄浜庡効绔ョ殑璇█鑾峰緱鍜屽彂灞曟潵璇达紝鐢熺悊鎴愮啛鍜岃鐭ュ熀纭�鍚屾牱閲嶈锛屼粠鑰岄伩鍏嶄簡鈥滃厛澶╄鈥濈殑涓嶈冻銆傝鐞嗚璁や负璇█鏄湪闈炶瑷�鐨勮鐭ュ熀纭�涓婂垱閫犲嚭鏉ョ殑锛岃繖瀵逛簬涓綋涓诲姩瀛︿範璇█鏄湁绉瀬鎰忎箟鐨勶紝鑳藉婵�鍔变釜浣撲笉鏂拰鐜鐩镐簰浣滅敤鎻愰珮鑷韩鐨勮瑷�鑳藉姏锛屼絾杩囦簬寮鸿皟璁ょ煡瀵硅瑷�鍙戝睍鐨勪綔鐢ㄨ�岀浉瀵瑰拷瑙嗕簡璇█瀵硅鐭ュ彂灞曠殑浣滅敤銆傚彟澶栵紝璇ョ悊璁轰篃蹇借浜嗙ぞ浼氫氦寰�瀵瑰効绔ヨ瑷�瀛︿範鑳藉姏鐨勫奖鍝嶃��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d019">锛堜簩锛夌ぞ浼氱浉浜掍綔鐢ㄨ</h4>
+ <p>
+ 20涓栫邯70骞翠唬浠ユ潵锛屼竴浜涘鑰呯殑鐮旂┒寮�濮嬫敞閲嶅崥閲囦紬闀裤�備粬浠己璋冭瑷�鍙戝睍鍙楀埌鍏堝ぉ鐨勩�佸悗澶╃殑绛夊绉嶅洜绱犵殑褰卞搷锛岃繖浜涘厛澶╁洜绱犲拰绀句細鍥犵礌銆佽鐭ュ洜绱犮�佽瑷�鍥犵礌绛夌浉浜掑奖鍝嶏紝鍏卞悓鍐冲畾鍎跨璇█鑳藉姏鐨勮幏寰椾笌鍙戝睍銆傝櫧鐒剁ぞ浼氱浉浜掍綔鐢ㄨ鑰呭叧浜庤瑷�鍙戝睍鍔ㄥ姏鐨勮鐐瑰ぇ鑷寸浉鍚岋紝浣嗙敱浜庡己璋冮噸鐐逛笉鍚岋紝琛ㄧ幇鍑轰笉鍚岀殑鍊惧悜锛屽洜鑰屾湁涓嶅悓鐨勫璇淬�傚叾涓互鈥滆鍒欏涔犺鈥濆拰鈥滅ぞ浼氫氦寰�璇粹�濆奖鍝嶆渶澶с��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e024">1.瑙勫垯瀛︿範璇�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 甯冩湕銆佸紬鎷夌憻銆佷集鏍肩瓑瀛﹁�呮彁鍑虹殑瑙勫垯瀛︿範璇存槸寤虹珛鍦ㄤ箶濮嗘柉鍩哄拰琛屼负涓讳箟鐞嗚鍩虹涔嬩笂鐨勩�傛鐞嗚寮鸿皟鍎跨鍏锋湁涓�绉嶇悊瑙ｆ瘝璇殑鍏堝ぉ澶勭悊鏈哄埗锛岃繖绉嶆満鍒朵富瑕佹槸涓�绉嶅涔犲拰璇勪环鑳藉姏銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 瑙勫垯瀛︿範璇村己璋冭瑷�鐨勭粨鏋勬�э紝璁や负璇█瀛︿範鍦ㄥ緢澶х▼搴︿笂灏辨槸璇硶瑙勫垯鐨勮幏寰椼�傝�岃娉曡鍒欑殑鑾峰緱鏄綊绾崇殑缁撴灉銆傚効绔ュ湪涓嶆柇鍦板垎鏋愯緭鍏ョ殑璇█鍒烘縺杩囩▼涓�荤粨鍑烘瘝璇殑鏅亶鐗圭偣鍜屼釜鍒壒鐐癸紝鏍规嵁杩欎簺鐗圭偣鍙堝垱閫犲嚭寰堝鏂扮殑璇█褰㈠紡銆傛瘮濡傦紝鍎跨閫氳繃瀛︿範鈥滃皬楦″悆绫斥�濃�滃皬鐙楀晝楠ㄥご鈥濈瓑锛屽綊绾冲嚭鈥滀富璇悗鍙互璺熻皳璇紝璋撹鍚庡彲浠ヨ窡瀹捐鈥濓紱鍎跨鍦ㄥ浼氫簡杩欎釜璇硶瑙勫垯鍚庯紝灏卞彲浠ュ垱閫犲嚭鈥滃皬鐚存嬁妗冨瓙鈥濈瓑璇彞銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 瑙勫垯瀛︿範璇磋涓哄効绔ユ湁鍏堝ぉ鐨勮瑷�瀛︿範鑳藉姏锛屽効绔ヨ瑷�瀛︿範鏄竴绉嶅厛澶╄兘鍔涘弬涓庝笅鐨勬潯浠跺弽灏勩�傛鐞嗚璁や负鍏堝ぉ鐨勮瑷�瀛︿範鑳藉姏鍜屽悗澶╃殑璇█瑙勫垯姒傛嫭鍚屾牱閲嶈锛屼絾蹇界暐浜嗙ぞ浼氱幆澧冨鍎跨璇█鍙戝睍鐨勫奖鍝嶏紝鍥犳鏄笉瀹屾暣鐨勩��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e025">2.绀句細浜ゅ線璇�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 绀句細浜ゅ線璇存槸20涓栫邯70骞翠唬鍚庯紝浠ュ竷椴佺撼锛圝.Brunner锛夈�佽礉鑼紙E.Bates锛夈�侀害鍏嬫儬灏硷紙B.Macwwhinney锛夌瓑涓�鎵瑰鑰呭湪鍓嶄汉鐮旂┒鍩虹涓婄粨鍚堣嚜宸辩殑璁よ瘑鎻愬嚭鐨勬柊鐞嗚銆傚畠鏄湪瀵硅涓轰富涔夎鐐瑰拰鍏堝ぉ璁鸿鐐圭殑鎵瑰垽缁ф壙涓骇鐢熺殑锛屾棦寮鸿皟璇█瑙勫垯鐨勯仐浼犳�у張寮鸿皟瀹㈣鐜瀵硅瑷�缁撴瀯浜х敓鐨勭嫭鐗逛綔鐢ㄣ��
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="30">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(30) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">022</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 绀句細浜ゅ線璇磋涓鸿瑷�鑳藉姏鐨勮幏寰椾笌鍙戝睍涓嶄粎闇�瑕佸厛澶╅仐浼犵殑璇█鑳藉姏锛岃�屼笖闇�瑕佷竴瀹氱殑鐢熺悊鎴愮啛绋嬪害鍜岃鐭ュ彂灞曠▼搴︼紝鏇撮噸瑕佺殑鏄繖浜涘洜绱犺兘鍦ㄧ湡瀹炵殑浜ゆ祦鐜涓彂鎸ヤ綔鐢ㄣ�傚洜姝わ紝姝ょ悊璁洪潪甯搁噸瑙嗗効绔ュ拰鎴愪汉鐨勮瑷�瀹炶返锛屽苟璁や负鐪熷疄鎯呮櫙涓殑璇█瀹炶返鏄喅瀹氬効绔ヨ瑷�鑳藉姏鍙戝睍鐨勫叧閿�у洜绱犮�備氦娴佺殑褰㈠紡涓庡唴瀹瑰喅瀹氳瑷�鍒烘縺鐨勮緭鍏ワ紝杈撳叆鐨勮瑷�鍒烘縺鍙堣繘涓�姝ュ埡婵�鍎跨璁ょ煡缁撴瀯鐨勬敼鍙橈紝璁ょ煡缁撴瀯鐨勪笉鏂敼鍙樹笌浼樺寲淇冧娇浜烘帴鍙楁洿澶嶆潅鐨勮瑷�鍒烘縺銆傚氨鏄湪杩欐牱鐨勭浉浜掍綔鐢ㄤ腑锛屽効绔ョ殑璇█鑳藉姏寰楀埌鍙戝睍銆傛渶鏂拌剳绉戝鐮旂┒鍙戠幇锛屼汉鐨勭缁忓叿鏈夊彲濉戞�с�傜缁忓彲濉戞�ф槸鎸囩缁忕郴缁熶负涓嶆柇閫傚簲澶栫晫鐜鍙樺寲鑰屾敼鍙樿嚜韬粨鏋勭殑鑳藉姏銆備緥濡傦紝鏈夌爺绌跺彂鐜帮紝鍥犱负浼︽暒璺嚎澶嶆潅锛屾墍浠ヤ鸡鏁﹀嚭绉熻溅鍙告満鐨勬捣椹綋姣斿父浜烘洿澶с��<a
+ id="w2"
+ ></a
+ ><a href="chapter002.html#m2"><sup>[2]</sup></a>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍎跨璇█鍙戝睍涔熶竴鏍凤紝閫傚綋鐨勮瑷�鍒烘縺浼氫笉鏂敼鍙樹笌澧炲己澶ц剳璇█鍖哄煙鐨勭缁忚仈绯伙紝鍔犲己鐨勭缁忚仈绯诲張涓鸿幏寰楁洿澶氳瑷�鍒烘縺鍋氬ソ鍑嗗銆傚湪杩欐柟闈紝绀句細浜ゅ線璇村緱鍒颁簡鑴戠瀛︾爺绌剁殑璇佸疄锛屼絾鏈夊鑰呰涓虹ぞ浼氫氦寰�璇磋繃搴﹂噸瑙嗚瑷�鐜鐨勪綔鐢紝鑰屽拷瑙嗕簡璇█鐨勫績鐞嗚繃绋嬨�傝櫧鐒剁浉浜掍綔鐢ㄨ寰楀埌寰堝鐞嗚瀛﹀鐨勯潚鐫愶紝浣嗗叧浜庡効绔ョ┒绔熸槸鎬庢牱涔犲緱璇█鐨勯棶棰樿繕鏄病鏈夊緱鍒版牴鏈В鍐炽�傛垜浠墍浜嗚В鐨勬洿澶氱殑鏄効绔ュ涔犱竴闂ㄨ瑷�鏃惰幏寰椾簡浠�涔堬紝鑰屽浜庢�庢牱鑾峰緱锛屼粛鐒剁煡涔嬬敋灏戙��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 缁间笂鎵�杩帮紝璇█鑾峰緱鏈哄埗鏄竴涓崄鍒嗗鏉傜殑闂锛岀幆澧冦�侀仐浼犮�佸涔犵瓑鍥犵礌閮戒細浠ュ悇绉嶆柟寮忎綔鐢ㄤ簬鍎跨璇█鐨勫彂鐢熶笌鍙戝睍锛屽杩欎釜杩囩▼鐨勭悊璁鸿В閲婅繕鏈夊緟澶氬绉戠爺绌剁殑娣卞叆銆�
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">鐩稿叧閾炬帴</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-5-1">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="../../images/tb-5.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <span class="zt-ls1"
+ >鍎跨璇█鍙戝睍锛岃嚜鐒讹紵浣跨劧锛�<a id="w3"></a
+ ><a href="chapter002.html#m3"><sup>[3]</sup></a></span
+ >
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1975骞�10鏈堬紝鍦ㄦ硶鍥藉反榛庨檮杩戠殑鑻ョ害鑺掞紙Royanmont锛夋浘涓捐浜嗕竴娆¤憲鍚嶇殑杈╄銆傝京璁轰細鐨勪富瑙掍究鏄憲鍚嶇殑鐨簹鏉板拰涔斿鏂熀銆傝京璁虹殑涓婚鏄細浠庝汉鐨勮瑷�鏈哄埗鍜岃瑷�涔犲緱瑙掑害鏉ユ帰璁ㄥ効绔ュ彂灞曢棶棰樸��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 涔斿鏂熀鎸佷竴绉嶈緝寮辩殑澶╄祴璁虹珛鍦恒�備粬璁や负鍎跨鎷ユ湁涓�濂楀ぉ璧嬬殑鈥滆瑷�涔犲緱瑁呯疆鈥濓紝鍎跨閫氳繃杩欎竴澶╄祴鐨勮瑷�涔犲緱瑁呯疆锛屽鏈�鍒濇帴瑙︾殑璇█璧勬枡杩涜鍔犲伐锛屼粠涓敓鎴愪竴濂楄兘澶熺紪閫犳柊璇彞鐨勫彞娉曘�佽涔夊拰璇煶瑙勫垯鏉ャ�備箶濮嗘柉鍩鸿涓衡�滆瑷�涔犲緱瑁呯疆鈥濆疄闄呬笂鏄竴绉嶅ぉ璧嬬殑璇█鍣ㄥ畼锛岃繖绉嶁�滃績鐞嗗櫒瀹樷�濆悓浜轰綋鐨勫叾浠栧櫒瀹樹竴鏍锋槸鏈変竴涓彂鑲茶繃绋嬬殑銆備竴浜涘叧浜庡ぇ鑴戣瑷�鏈鸿兘鎹熶激鐨勭梾浜哄拰鏈夎瑷�缂洪櫡鐨勫鏃忕殑鐮旂┒涔熼兘鏀寔涔斿鏂熀鐨勫ぉ璧嬭鍋囪銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍙互鐪嬪嚭锛屼箶濮嗘柉鍩鸿涓哄効绔ュ彂灞曠殑鍏抽敭鍥犵礌鏄敓鐗╁鐨勫洜绱狅紝鍗斥�滆嚜鐒垛�斾娇鐒垛�濅腑鈥滆嚜鐒垛�濊繖涓�闈€�傝�岀毊浜氭澃鍦ㄨВ閲婂効绔ュ彂灞曢棶棰樻椂鍒欏亸鍚戜簬鈥滀娇鐒垛�濊繖涓�闈€��
+ </p>
+
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m2"></a><a href="chapter002.html#w2">[2]</a>
+ 璇烘浖路閬撲紛濂�.閲嶅澶ц剳锛岄噸濉戜汉鐢燂蓟M锛�.娲叞锛岃瘧.鍖椾含锛氭満姊板伐涓氬嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2014锛�2.
+ </p>
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m3"></a><a href="chapter002.html#w3">[3]</a>
+ 鍒樻檽涓滐紝鍗箰鐝嶏紝绛�.瀛﹀墠鏁欒偛瀛︼蓟M锛�.鍗椾含锛氭睙鑻忔暀鑲插嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2004锛�75-80.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="31">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(31) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗簩绔� 瀛﹀墠鍎跨璇█鍙戝睍鏁欒偛</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">023</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鐨簹鏉拌涓猴紝鐭ヨ瘑鐨勮幏寰楀拰璁ょ煡鑳藉姏鐨勫彂灞曟槸鍎跨涓庣幆澧冧箣闂村悓鍖栧拰椤哄簲鐨勭粨鏋溿�傚悓鍖栨槸鏈夋満浣撳皢澶栫晫鍏冪礌锛屽寘鎷妸瀹㈣浜嬬墿鐨勭粨鏋勫彉涓哄唴鍦ㄧ粨鏋勭殑鏁村悎浣滅敤銆傝瑷�鐭ヨ瘑涔熸槸濡傛鑰屾潵銆備篃姝ｅ洜涓虹毊浜氭澃鏈夎繖鏍风殑涓诲紶锛屾墍浠ユ垜浠浠栧亸鍚戜簬鈥滀娇鐒垛�濊銆傜敱浜庝粬璁や负浜虹殑鐭ヨ瘑浠ュ強璁ょ煡缁撴瀯鏄富浣撳拰鐜鐩镐簰浣滅敤锛屽苟閫愭寤烘瀯鑰屽舰鎴愮殑锛屾槸鍦ㄥ悗澶╄幏寰楃殑锛屾墍浠ヤ粬鐨勭悊璁哄張绉颁负鈥滃缓鏋勮鈥濄��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏈夌殑涓庝細鑰呭垯璁や负涔斿鏂熀鍜岀毊浜氭澃浜岃�呯殑鐞嗚骞舵棤鏍规湰鐨勫啿绐侊紝鏋勬垚鐭ヨ瘑鐨勫厓绱犳槸鐢卞熀鍥犲喅瀹氱殑锛岃�屽疄闄呯煡璇嗙殑褰㈡垚鍗磋缁忚繃鈥滃缓鏋勨�濊繃绋嬨�傦紙浜嬪疄涓婏紝涓婅堪鐢熺墿瀛︾殑鍙戠幇涔熷彲浠ヤ綔涓烘敮鎸佽繖涓�璁虹偣鐨勮瘉鎹�傦級杩欑瑙傜偣濡傛灉鎴愮珛锛屽皢娑堣В姝ｅ湪婵�杈╃殑涓ょ鐞嗚鐨勬牴鏈啿绐併�傜毊浜氭澃鍗佸垎璧炶祻杩欑瑙傜偣锛屽苟鏁板害鏈夋剰鎺ュ彈璋冨拰锛屾湁鎰忎慨鏀硅嚜宸辩殑鐞嗚锛岀劧鑰屼箶濮嗘柉鍩哄嵈鍧氭寔宸辫锛屾棤鎰忔帴鍙楄皟鍜屻��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 杩欐杈╄锛屾濡傝憲鍚嶇殑蹇冪悊瀛﹀闇嶅崕寰仿峰姞鐧荤撼鏁欐巿鍚庢潵鎵�璇寸殑閭ｆ牱锛屾槸涓�娆℃帰绱㈣�岄潪涓�绉嶇粨璁恒�傚湪浼氫笂锛岃杈╁弻鏂归兘瀵瑰鏂圭殑鐞嗚鎰熷叴瓒ｃ�備箶濮嗘柉鍩哄緱鍒扮敓鐗╁瀹剁殑鏀寔锛岃�岀毊浜氭澃鐨勫璇磋緝鍙楀績鐞嗗瀹跺拰浜哄伐鏅鸿兘涓撳鐨勮禐鍚屻��
+ </p>
+ <h2 id="b004">绗簩鑺傘��瀛﹀墠鍎跨璇█鍙戝睍鐨勫奖鍝嶅洜绱�</h2>
+ <p>
+ 鍎跨鎺屾彙璇█鏄竴涓湅浼肩畝鍗曞嵈寮傚父澶嶆潅鐨勮繃绋嬶紝鍥犱负璇█鐨勫彂灞曚笉浠呭彈鍒扮敓鐞嗗洜绱犮�佸績鐞嗗洜绱犵殑褰卞搷锛岃繕鍙楀埌鑹ソ鐨勮瑷�鐜鍜岄珮璐ㄩ噺鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛绛夌ぞ浼氬洜绱犵殑褰卞搷锛屽綋鐒朵綔涓轰竴绉嶇鍙风郴缁燂紝鏂囧寲绗﹀彿鏈韩鐨勮〃杈炬柟寮忎篃瀵硅瑷�涔犲緱涓庡彂灞曟湁涓�瀹氱殑褰卞搷銆�
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c008">涓�銆佺敓鐞嗗洜绱�</h3>
+ <h4 id="d020">锛堜竴锛夋甯哥殑鍙戦煶鍣ㄥ畼</h4>
+ <p>
+ 璇█鏄竴绉嶉煶涔夌粨鍚堢殑绗﹀彿绯荤粺锛屾纭殑鍙戦煶蹇呴』瑕佹湁姝ｅ父鐨勫彂闊冲櫒瀹樸�傚効绔ュ彂闊冲櫒瀹樼粨鏋勭殑涓嶆柇鍙戝睍鍜屽姛鑳界殑涓嶆柇瀹屽杽鏄叾鍙戦煶鐨勫熀纭�銆傚彂闊崇郴缁熷寘鎷偤銆佸枆銆佸０甯︺�佸捊銆佽垖銆佸攪銆侀娇绛夈�傚鏋滆繖浜涘櫒瀹樹笉鑳藉彂鎸ユ甯哥殑鍔熻兘锛屽氨浼氬嚭鐜颁笉鑳藉彂澹般�佸彛榻夸笉娓呫�佸彛鍚冪瓑璇█闅滅銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d021">锛堜簩锛夋甯哥殑鍚鍔熻兘</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄥ効绔ヨ瑷�鑳藉姏鍙戝睍杩囩▼涓紝璇█鐞嗚В鍏堜簬璇█琛ㄨ揪锛屸�滆瑷�杈撳叆鈥濆厛浜庘�滆瑷�杈撳嚭鈥濓紝姝ｅ父鐨勫惉瑙夋槸鈥滆瑷�杈撳叆鈥濈殑蹇呭鏉′欢銆備笉鏂殑璇█杈撳叆浼氭縺娲诲効绔ュぇ鑴戠殑璇█鍔熻兘锛屼績浣垮効绔ユā浠挎垚浜鸿瑷�鏉ュ涔犺璇濄�傝瑷�鏄氦娴佺殑宸ュ叿锛屽彧鏈変釜浣撳惉鍒颁氦娴佸璞¤鍑虹殑璇█鎵嶈兘鍋氬嚭鐩稿簲鐨勫弽搴斻�傚鏋滃惉鍔涘嚭鐜伴殰纰嶏紝涓綋灏变笉浼氭劅鍙楀埌澹伴煶锛屼篃灏辨棤浠庡涔犺璇濄�傚惉鍔涘湪瑷�璇椿鍔ㄤ腑杩樿捣鐫�鐩戠潱鐨勪綔鐢紝瀹冭兘鍗忚皟鑸屽拰鍜借厰娲诲姩鐨勭浉浜掕仈绯伙紝浠庤�屼繚闅滆璇濈殑娴佺晠鎬у拰鍙戦煶鐨勫噯纭�с�傚惉鍔涘樊鐨勫効绔ヤ笉鑳藉惉娓呮纭�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="32">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(32) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">024</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鐨勫彂闊筹紝涔熷氨涓嶈兘鍖哄垎閿欒鐨勫彂闊筹紝灏变細鍑虹幇瑷�璇殑涓嶆竻鏅般�佷笉鍑嗙‘鎯呭喌銆傚洜姝わ紝鍎跨瑕佸浼氬噯纭彂闊筹紝涓�瀹氳鏈夎壇濂界殑鍚姏銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d022">锛堜笁锛夊仴鍏ㄧ殑澶ц剳</h4>
+ <p>
+ 澶ц剳鏄瑷�鑳藉姏鐨勭墿璐ㄥ熀纭�锛岃�岃瑷�鏄ぇ鑴戠殑鏈鸿兘涔嬩竴銆備汉鐨勮瑷�缁忚繃鍚鍣ㄥ畼浼犲埌澶ц剳锛屽湪澶ц剳鍒嗘瀽澶勭悊鍚庯紝鍐嶇粡绁炵粡浼犲嚭锛屽ぇ鑴戞敮閰嶅彂闊冲櫒瀹樿繘琛岃█璇〃杈俱�傚鏋滃ぇ鑴戝彈鍒版崯浼わ紝鍎跨灏变笉鑳芥纭湴澶勭悊鎺ユ敹鍒扮殑璇█淇℃伅锛屼細鍑虹幇鍋忓惉銆佽鍚�佽瑙ｇ瓑鐜拌薄锛岃繘鑰屽奖鍝嶅埌鍎跨涓庝粬浜鸿繘琛岃瑷�浜ゆ祦锛屽効绔ョ殑璇█鍙戝睍涔熶細鍑虹幇鍚勭绫诲瀷鐨勮瑷�闅滅銆傛墍浠ワ紝鍋ュ叏鐨勫ぇ鑴戞槸鍎跨璇█鍙戝睍鐨勫繀瑕佹潯浠躲��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鐢熺悊鍥犵礌鏄瑷�鍙戝睍鐨勫熀纭�锛屽仴鍏ㄧ殑鍙戦煶鍣ㄥ畼銆佸惉瑙夊櫒瀹樺強澶ц剳鏄汉璇█鍙戝睍鐨勬潯浠讹紝鍏朵腑浠讳綍閮ㄥ垎鐨勬崯浼ら兘浼氱洿鎺ュ奖鍝嶄汉璇█鑳藉姏鐨勫彂灞曘�傜劧鑰岋紝鐢熺悊鍥犵礌鍙负璇█鍙戝睍鎻愪緵浜嗗彲鑳芥�э紝杩欑鍏堝ぉ娼滃湪鐨勫彂灞曡兘鍔涜兘鍚﹀緱浠ュ疄鐜帮紝杩橀渶瑕佸彈鍒板悗澶╃幆澧冨洜绱犵殑褰卞搷銆�
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c009">浜屻�佸績鐞嗗洜绱�</h3>
+ <p>
+ 蹇冪悊鍥犵礌瀵硅瑷�鍙戝睍鐨勫奖鍝嶄富瑕佸寘鎷袱涓柟闈細涓�鏄鐭ュ璇█鍙戝睍鐨勫奖鍝嶏紱浜屾槸涓�у搧璐ㄥ璇█鍙戝睍鐨勫奖鍝嶃��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍎跨鐨勮瑷�鍙戝睍鏄缓绔嬪湪浠栦滑瀵圭敓娲讳腑浜嬬墿璁よ瘑鐨勫熀纭�涔嬩笂鐨勶紝浠栦滑鏈�鏃╄鍑虹殑璇嶅鏁版槸浠栦滑鑳藉鐩存帴鎽嗗紕鐨勪簨鐗╁拰浠栦滑鐔熸倝鐨勪汉銆備笉浜嗚В鐨勪簨鐗╋紝浠栦滑涓�鑸笉鑳藉噯纭湴鎻忚堪銆傚惉銆佽銆佽銆佸啓鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛鍐呭閮芥槸寤虹珛鍦ㄥ璇█鐞嗚В鐨勫熀纭�涔嬩笂鐨勩�傚彲浠ヨ璇█鑳藉姏鏄彈涓�鑸鐭ヨ兘鍔涘埗绾︿絾鍙堟湁鍏剁壒娈婃�х殑璁ょ煡鑳藉姏銆備竴鑸潵璇达紝璁ょ煡鑳藉姏寮虹殑鍎跨锛屽叾璇█鍙戝睍涔熺浉瀵硅緝蹇�傛墍浠ュ闀裤�佹暀甯堝簲璇ユ妸鍎跨璇█鍙戝睍涓庤鐭ュ彂灞曞崗璋冭捣鏉ワ紝鍦ㄨ鐭ユ椿鍔ㄤ腑淇冭繘璇█鑳藉姏鐨勮繘姝ワ紝鍦ㄨ瑷�娲诲姩涓彁楂樺効绔ュ涓栫晫鐨勮璇嗐��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 涓�у搧璐ㄤ篃浼氬奖鍝嶅効绔ョ殑璇█瀛︿範銆備竴鑸潵璇达紝鎬ф牸澶栧悜銆佹闈㈡儏缁緝澶氱殑鍎跨姣旇緝鑷俊锛屾洿鍊惧悜浜庡拰鍒汉鍒嗕韩鑷繁鐨勭粡楠岋紝鍜屽叾浠栧効绔ュ垎浜笌浜ゆ祦鐨勮繃绋嬶紝澧炲姞浜嗙粌涔犲拰鍒涢�犺瑷�鐨勬満浼氥�傝�岃礋闈㈡儏缁緝澶氱殑鍎跨绀句細鎬х浉瀵硅緝宸紝缂轰箯鍜屼粬浜烘矡閫氱殑鍔ㄦ満涓庣瓥鐣ワ紝浠庤�屼娇鑷繁澶卞幓鏇村浜ゆ祦閿荤偧鐨勬満浼氥��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍎跨璇█鑳藉姏鍙戝睍鍜屽叾蹇冪悊鍙戝睍姘村钩鍏崇郴瀵嗗垏锛屾垚浜哄簲璇ュ湪鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓鍏虫敞鍎跨鐨勮鐭ュ彂灞曞拰涓�у搧璐紝骞堕噰鍙栧悇绉嶆湁鏁堟帾鏂戒績杩涘叾璁ょ煡鍙戝睍鍜屼釜鎬у搧璐ㄧ殑瀹屽杽銆�
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c010">涓夈�佺ぞ浼氬洜绱�</h3>
+ <h4 id="d023">锛堜竴锛夎瑷�鐜</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鍎跨鐢熸椿鍦ㄥ厖婊¤瑷�鐨勭幆澧冧腑锛岃瑷�鐜鐨勫ソ鍧忎細褰卞搷鍏惰瑷�鑳藉姏鐨勫彂灞曘�傞仐浼犲洜绱犱负璇█鑳藉姏鐨勫彂灞曟彁渚涘彲鑳芥�э紝璇█鐜鍒欏喅瀹氳繖绉嶅彲鑳芥�ц揪鍒扮殑绋嬪害銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e026">1.浜插瓙鐜</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鍎跨鎺ヨЕ鐨勯涓幆澧冨氨鏄搴紝鐖舵瘝鏄効绔ヨ瑷�瀛︿範鐨勫惎钂欒�呫�傚綋鍎跨鑳藉紑鍙�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="33">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(33) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗簩绔� 瀛﹀墠鍎跨璇█鍙戝睍鏁欒偛</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">025</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 璇磋瘽鏃讹紝鐖舵瘝鑰愬績鐨勫�惧惉鍜岄紦鍔变細婵�鍙戜粬浠Н鏋佽〃杈剧殑鎰忔効锛岀埗姣嶅簲涓哄効绔ヨ惀閫犱赴瀵岀殑鐢熸椿鐜銆傝瑷�鏄鐢熸椿鐨勮〃杈撅紝榧撳姳鍎跨澶氭搷浣滅幆澧冧腑鐨勪簨鐗╋紝骞跺鐢ㄨ瑷�鍘昏〃杈句簨鐗╃殑鍚嶇О銆佹搷浣滅殑杩囩▼鍜岃嚜鎴戠殑鎰忔効銆傚湪涓庡効绔ヤ氦娴佺殑杩囩▼涓紝鎴愪汉搴旇浠ュ効绔ョ殑璇濊鍏磋叮涓轰腑蹇冿紝閬垮厤杩囨棭鍦板己璋冨彞鍨嬬殑鍚堣娉曟�х瓑锛涙暣涓氦娴佽繃绋嬪簲璇ュ敖閲忔斁鎱㈣閫燂紝閬垮厤浣跨敤澶嶆潅鍙ャ�傚湪浜ゆ祦涓紝瀹堕暱搴旇缁欏効绔ュ厖鍒嗙殑琛ㄨ揪鏈轰細锛屼氦娴佹槸鍩瑰吇鍎跨璇█鑳藉姏鐨勬渶濂芥柟娉曘�傚湪瀹屾暣銆佹俯棣ㄧ殑瀹跺涵鐜涓紝鐖舵瘝涓庡効绔ヤ氦娴佸緱鏇村锛屼赴瀵岀殑璇█鐜鍙互鐩存帴淇冭繘鍎跨璇█鑳藉姏鐨勫彂灞曘�備竴鑸潵璇达紝鏂囧寲绋嬪害杈冧綆鐨勫搴腑鍎跨鍙範寰楁柟瑷�锛涜�屾枃鍖栫▼搴﹁緝楂樼殑瀹跺涵涓紝鍎跨浼氫範寰楁櫘閫氳瘽锛屾垨鑰呮櫘閫氳瘽鍜屾柟瑷�涓�骞朵範寰椼��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鐖舵瘝搴旇灏芥棭鍩瑰吇鍎跨鏃╂湡闃呰鐨勫叴瓒ｅ拰涔犳儻銆傚浘涔﹀彲浠ュ紑闃斿瀛愮殑瑙嗛噹锛岄櫠鍐跺叾蹇冪伒锛屽湪鍏惰瑷�鍙戝睍杩囩▼涓捣鍒版綔绉婚粯鍖栫殑浣滅敤銆傚ソ鐨勯槄璇讳範鎯拰鍏磋叮瀵瑰効绔ヤ功闈㈣瑷�鐨勪績杩涙槸涓嶅彲鎴栫己鐨勶紝鍥句功鍙互涓哄効绔ユ彁渚涙垚鐔熺殑璇█瀛︿範鏍锋湰锛岀儹鐖遍槄璇讳负鍎跨浠婂悗鐨勫涔犵敓娑瀹氬潥瀹炵殑鍩虹銆傚拰鍎跨鍏卞悓闃呰鍜岃璁猴紝涓嶄粎澧炲己浜嗕翰瀛愬叧绯伙紝涔熸縺鍙戜簡鍎跨娴撳帤鐨勫涔犲叴瓒ｃ��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e027">2.绀惧尯鐜</h5>
+ <p>
+ 绀惧尯鏄効绔ョ敓娲荤殑寰幆澧冿紝绀惧尯涓殑浜烘垨鐗╀細鐩存帴鎴栭棿鎺ュ湴褰卞搷鍎跨璇█鑳藉姏鐨勫彂灞曘�備赴瀵岀殑绀惧尯鏂囧寲浠ュ強鏅寤虹瓚涓哄効绔ユ彁渚涙簮婧愪笉鏂殑鍒烘縺銆傝繖浜涘埡婵�璁╁効绔ュ垵姝ユ劅鍙楀埌浣曚负绀句細缇や綋锛屽効绔ュ湪缇や綋涓彂灞曞叾璁ょ煡銆佹儏鎰熴�佺ぞ浼氭�у苟褰㈡垚鏈�鍒濈殑閬撳痉鍒ゆ柇鏍囧噯銆傛墍鏈夎繖浜涘彂灞曢鍩燂紝閮戒负鍎跨璇█鍙戝睍濂犲畾浜嗗潥瀹炵殑鍩虹銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 瀹堕暱搴旇璁╁効绔ュ厖鍒嗘帴瑙︾ぞ鍖轰腑鐨勪汉鍜岀墿锛屽府鍔╁叾鑾峰緱褰掑睘鎰熴�傚澶氬拰閭诲眳鎵撴嫑鍛硷紝澶氳鍎跨鍛藉悕绀惧尯涓殑鑺辫崏鏍戞湪锛屽鍜屼粬浠皥璁虹ぞ鍖轰腑鍙戠敓鐨勬柊椴滀簨绛夈��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e028">3.骞煎効鍥幆澧�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鍥槸澶氭暟3锝�6宀佸効绔ョ敓娲荤殑鐩存帴鐜锛屽辜鍎垮洯鐜瀵瑰効绔ヨ瑷�鍙戝睍鏈夐噸瑕佸奖鍝嶃��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 棣栧厛锛岀彮绾т汉鏁颁細褰卞搷鍎跨璇█鐨勫彂灞曘�傚鏋滃効绔ヤ汉鏁板お澶氾紝鏁欏笀鍙兘鐓ч【鍒版瘮杈冩椿璺冪殑鍎跨锛屽浜庢�ф牸鍐呭悜鐨勫効绔ヤ笉鍙兘閮界収椤惧埌锛岃繖鍦ㄦ煇绉嶇▼搴︿笂浼氬奖鍝嶅効绔ヤ氦娴佺殑鍏磋叮銆傚洜姝わ紝閫傚綋鐨勭彮绾т汉鏁颁細淇冭繘甯堝辜涔嬮棿浠ュ強鍎跨鍚屼即涔嬮棿鏇村ソ鐨勪氦娴侊紝杩涜�屼績杩涘効绔ヨ瑷�鑳藉姏鐨勫彂灞曘��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍏舵锛屽辜鍎垮洯璇█鐜鍒涜浼氬奖鍝嶅効绔ヨ瑷�鑳藉姏鐨勫彂灞曘�傜幆澧冩槸鏈�濂界殑鑰佸笀锛屼赴瀵岀殑骞煎効鍥瑷�鐜鍙互婵�鍙戝効绔ョ殑浜ゆ祦娆叉湜銆傛暀甯堝簲璇ョ粍缁囧绉嶅舰寮忕殑璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩锛屽璋堣瘽娲诲姩锛岃鍎跨瀛︿範濡備綍鍊惧惉浠栦汉鐨勮瑷�锛屽苟閲囩敤鍚堥�傜殑鍐呭鍜屽舰寮忎笌涔嬩氦娴侊紱璁茶堪娲诲姩鍙互璁╁効绔ュ浼氬湪闆嗕綋娲诲姩涓浣曟竻鏅版槑纭湴琛ㄨ揪鑷繁锛涜瑷�娓告垙瑕佹眰鍎跨浠ユ蹇�佹晱鎹风殑璇█搴斿锛涙枃瀛︽椿鍔ㄤ晶閲嶄簬璁╁効绔ョ悊瑙ｅ拰浣跨敤鍙欎簨鎬х殑琛ㄨ揪鏂瑰紡锛涙棭鏈熼槄璇绘椿鍔ㄥ彲浠ョ粰鍎跨鍏呭垎鐨勬帴瑙︿功闈㈣瑷�鐨勬満浼氱瓑銆傚効绔ュ湪骞煎効鍥紑濮嬫瑙勭殑璇█璁粌锛岃兘涓哄皬瀛﹀涔犳瑙勭殑涔﹂潰璇█鎵撲笅鍩虹銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="34">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(34) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">026</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <h4 id="d024">锛堜簩锛夎瑷�鏁欒偛</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欒偛鏄竴绉嶆湁鎰忚瘑鐨勪互褰卞搷浜虹殑韬績鍙戝睍涓虹洿鎺ョ洰鐨勭殑绀句細娲诲姩銆傝瑷�鏃㈡槸涓�绉嶅績鐞嗚兘鍔涳紝涔熸槸淇冭繘浜鸿韩蹇冨彂灞曠殑宸ュ叿锛屽洜姝よ瑷�鏁欒偛灏辨槸涓�绉嶆湁鎰忚瘑鐨勪互褰卞搷浜鸿瑷�鑳藉姏鍙戝睍涓虹洿鎺ョ洰鐨勭殑绀句細娲诲姩銆傝瑷�鏁欒偛鍜屽叾浠栭鍩熺殑鏁欒偛娲诲姩鍏卞悓淇冭繘鍎跨韬績鍙戝睍锛屼絾濡傛灉鏁欒偛鏂瑰紡涓嶅綋锛屼笉浠呬笉鑳戒績杩涘効绔ヨ瑷�鑳藉姏鐨勮繘姝ワ紝鍙嶈�屼細闃荤鍏惰瑷�鑳藉姏鐨勫彂灞曘�傚綋浠婂辜鍎垮洯鍜屽搴瑷�鏁欒偛涓嚭鐜颁簡璇稿鎬ュ姛杩戝埄鐨勬暀鑲插�惧悜锛屾瘮濡傦紝瀹堕暱瀵硅瘑瀛楁暀鑲茬殑鐩茬洰鎺ㄥ磭锛屽辜鍎垮洯瀵瑰璇暀瀛︿綔鐢ㄧ殑鏃犻檺鏀惧ぇ绛夛紝鎴愪汉鍖栥�佸皬瀛﹀寲鐨勮瘑瀛楁暀鑲蹭細鍓茶璇█鍜屾�濈淮鐨勫ぉ鐒惰仈绯伙紝鐮村潖鍎跨瀛︿範璇█鐨勫叴瓒ｄ笌绉瀬鎬э紝鑰岃繃鏃╃殑銆佹満姊扮殑澶栬瀛︿範涔熶細缁欏効绔ラ�犳垚鏋佸ぇ鐨勫涔犲洶鎯戙��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鐢辨鍙锛岃瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勫師鍒欏簲璇ョ鍚堝効绔ヨ韩蹇冨彂灞曠殑瑙勫緥锛屾暀甯堝拰瀹堕暱鍙湁涓嶆柇鍔犲己鑷繁鐨勭悊璁虹礌鍏伙紝浠ュ疄浜嬫眰鏄殑鎬佸害杩涜璇█鏁欒偛鎵嶄細淇冭繘鍎跨璇█鑳藉姏鐨勯暱瓒冲彂灞曘��
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c011">鍥涖�佹枃鍖栫鍙锋湰韬�</h3>
+ <p>
+ 璇█鏄竴涓皯鏃忕湅寰呬笘鐣岀殑鏂瑰紡锛屼篃鏄竴涓皯鏃忎笘鐣岃銆佷环鍊艰鐨勫叿浣撲綋鐜帮紝鎵�浠ワ紝璇█鏈韩灏辨槸涓�绉嶆枃鍖栫幇璞°�備笉鍚岀殑璇█鏈変笉鍚岀殑鎬濈淮锛屼汉鏂囨�ф槸璇█鐨勬湰璐ㄥ睘鎬с�傚湪浜虹被鍚勭璇█涓紝姹夎鐨勪汉鏂囩壒鎬у挨涓虹獊鍑猴紝杩欎富瑕佷綋鐜板湪姹夎璇硶鐨勬剰浼氬拰姹夊瓧缁撴瀯鐨勬剰浼氫笂銆傛瘮濡傦紝涓浗鐢ㄢ�滃崄涓�鈥濊〃绀轰竴涓��10鈥濆拰涓�涓��1鈥濈浉鍔狅紝杩欑琛ㄨ揪鏂瑰紡璁╀汉寰堝鏄撶悊瑙ｂ�滃崄涓�鈥濈殑鍚箟銆傚湪缁撴瀯鏂归潰锛屾眽瀛楃敤涓変釜鈥滀汉鈥濊〃绀衡�滀紬鈥濓紝涓変釜鈥滅伀鈥濊〃绀衡�滅劚鈥濓紝涓変釜鈥滄湪鈥濊〃绀衡�滄．鈥濈瓑锛岃繖绉嶆瀯瀛楁柟寮忎篃鍙嶆槧浜嗕汉浠涓栫晫鐨勮璇嗐�傛墍浠ワ紝绗﹀彿鏈韩鐨勫舰寮忓氨浼犺揪鐫�鏌愮浜虹被璁よ瘑涓栫晫鐨勬柟寮忥紝涓嶅悓鐨勭鍙峰浜虹被鎬濈淮鏈変笉鍚岀殑褰卞搷锛屼笉鍚岀被鍨嬬殑鎬濈淮鍙堝湪鏌愮绋嬪害涓婂奖鍝嶇潃浜轰滑璇█鐨勫彂灞曘�傛墍浠ュ闀垮拰鏁欏笀搴旇鍦ㄨ瑷�娲诲姩涓寚瀵煎効绔ヨ璇嗘湰姘戞棌璇█鐙壒鐨勮〃杈炬柟寮忥紝璁╁効绔ヤ簡瑙ｆ洿澶氭湰姘戞棌璇█鐨勭壒鐐广��
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">鐩稿叧閾炬帴</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-5-1">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="../../images/tb-5.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <span class="zt-ls1"
+ >姹夎鍜岃嫳璇湪鏁板琛ㄨ揪鏂瑰紡涓婄殑宸紓<a id="w4"></a
+ ><a href="chapter002.html#m4"><sup>[4]</sup></a></span
+ >
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 姹夎鍜岃嫳璇腑鐨勬暟瀛楀湪琛ㄨ揪鏂瑰紡涓婄殑鍖哄埆锛屽彲鑳芥槸鍎跨鏃╂湡鏁板鎺屾彙绋嬪害鏈夊樊寮傜殑鍘熷洜銆傛暟瀛�11銆�12銆�13鍦ㄦ眽璇腑琛ㄨ堪涓哄崄涓�銆佸崄浜屻�佸崄涓夛紝杩欏皢甯姪涓浗鍎跨灏藉揩鍦板涔犺繖浜涙暟瀛楋紝鑰岀編鍥藉効绔ユ墍浣跨敤鐨勬暟瀛楀崟璇嶅氨鏇寸壒娈婁竴浜涳紝鏁板瓧11銆�12銆�13琛ㄨ堪涓哄湪鑻辫涓璭leven銆乼welve銆乼hirteen銆傛眽璇殑琛ㄨ揪鏂瑰紡鏈夊姪浜庡効绔ョ悊瑙ｅ湪鈥�13鈥濅腑鏁板瓧鈥�1鈥濅唬琛ㄧ殑鏄��10鈥濓紝鑰屼笉鏄��1鈥濓紝鐩告瘮涔嬩笅锛岃嫳璇〃绀�10锝�20鐨勫崟璇嶆槸涓嶈鍒欑殑锛岃〃杈剧殑涔熶笉鏄崄浣嶅拰涓綅缁勫悎鐨勬剰鎬濓紝鎵�浠ュ効绔ョ悊瑙ｆ暟瀛椾篃璁镐細鏇村洶闅句簺銆�
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m4"></a><a href="chapter002.html#w4">[4]</a> SHAFFER D
+ R.鍙戝睍蹇冪悊瀛︼細鍎跨涓庨潚灏戝勾锛籑锛�.閭规硴锛岀瓑锛岃瘧.鍖椾含锛氫腑鍥借交宸ヤ笟鍑虹増绀撅紝2005锛�37.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="35">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(35) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗簩绔� 瀛﹀墠鍎跨璇█鍙戝睍鏁欒偛</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">027</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鍎跨璇█鍙戝睍杩囩▼鏄竴涓湅浼艰嚜鐒讹紝瀹炲垯寮傚父澶嶆潅鐨勮繃绋嬶紝杩欎釜杩囩▼鍙楀埌寰堝鍥犵礌鐨勭患鍚堜綔鐢ㄣ�傛暀甯堛�佸闀垮拰绀句細蹇呴』姝ｇ‘璁よ瘑鍎跨璇█鍙戝睍鐨勫奖鍝嶅洜绱狅紝涓哄叾璇█鍙戝睍鍒涢�犺壇濂界殑璇█鐜銆�
+ </p>
+ <h2 id="b005">绗笁鑺傘��瀛﹀墠鍎跨璇█鍙戝睍涓庢暀鑲�</h2>
+ <p>
+ 0锝�6宀佸効绔ョ殑璇█鍙戝睍鏄竴涓繛缁殑銆佹湁瑙勫緥鐨勶紝浠庨噺鍙樺埌璐ㄥ彉鐨勮繃绋嬨�傚鍓嶆湡鏄汉涓�鐢熶腑鎺屾彙璇█鏈�涓鸿繀閫熺殑鏃舵湡锛屼篃鏄渶鍏抽敭鐨勬椂鏈熴�傞�氬父鏍规嵁涓嶅悓鐨勫彂灞曠壒鐐规妸鍎跨璇█鍙戝睍鍒掑垎涓烘棦杩炵画鍙堝悇鏈夌壒寰佺殑鍑犱釜闃舵銆傚浜庝笉鍚屽効绔ユ潵璇达紝姣忎釜闃舵鍙戝睍鐨勫叿浣撶壒鐐规棦鏈夋櫘閬嶆�у張鏈変釜浣撳樊寮傛�с��
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c012">涓�銆�0锝�3宀佸効绔ヨ瑷�鍙戝睍涓庢暀鑲�</h3>
+ <p>
+ 3宀佸墠鍎跨铏戒笉鑳界啛缁冩帉鎻″彛璇紝浣嗘闃舵鏄汉涓�鐢熶腑瀛︿範璇█鏈�杩呴�熷拰鏈�鍏抽敭鐨勬椂鏈燂紝鎴愪汉搴斿垱璁捐壇濂界殑璇█鐜涓哄効绔ユ劅鍙楀拰瀛︿範璇█濂犲畾鍩虹銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d025">锛堜竴锛�0锝�1宀佸効绔ヨ瑷�鍙戝睍涓庢暀鑲�</h4>
+ <h5 id="e029">1.璇█鍙戝睍闃舵涓庣壒鐐�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 0锝�1宀佸効绔ョ殑璇█鍙戝睍涓昏琛ㄧ幇鍦ㄨ闊崇殑鍙戝睍涓娿�傚洿缁曡闊筹紝鍎跨涓昏鍙戝睍浜嗕笁涓柟闈㈢殑鑳藉姏锛屽嵆鍓嶈瑷�鎰熺煡鑳藉姏銆佸墠璇█鍙戦煶鑳藉姏鍜屽墠璇█浜ら檯鑳藉姏銆傝繖涓夌鑳藉姏鐨勮幏寰楁槸鍎跨椤哄埄杩涘叆杩愮敤璇█闃舵鐨勫繀澶囨潯浠躲��
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�1锛夌畝鍗曢煶鑺傞樁娈碉紙0锝�3涓湀锛夈��</p>
+ <p>
+ 濠村効鍒氬嚭鐢熷氨瀵硅闊宠緝鏁忔劅锛屼笖鏈変竴瀹氱殑杈ㄩ煶鑳藉姏銆傚綋鎴戜滑瀵圭潃鏂扮敓鍎胯璇濇椂锛屼粬浠粡甯镐細鐫佸紑鐪肩潧锛岀洴鐫�璁茶瘽鑰咃紝鏈夋椂鐢氳嚦浼氬彂鍑哄０闊筹紱鍑虹敓鍑犲ぉ鍚庣殑鏂扮敓鍎垮氨鑳借鲸璁ゅ嚭鑷繁姣嶄翰鐨勫０闊筹紱鏂扮敓鍎垮惉鍒颁汉鍙戝嚭鐨勫０闊虫瘮鍚埌涔愬櫒鍙戝嚭鐨勫０闊宠〃鐜板緱鍚稿惍閫熷害蹇紱1涓湀鐨勫┐鍎夸究鑳藉鍜屾垚浜轰竴鏍疯鲸璁よ緟闊炽��<a
+ id="w5"
+ ></a
+ ><a href="chapter002.html#m5"><sup>[5]</sup></a
+ >濠村効鍦�2涓湀宸﹀彸鐨勬椂鍊欒繕鑳藉彂鍑虹被浼煎厓闊崇殑澹伴煶锛屽湪缁欏┐鍎垮杺濂跺悗浼氬惉鍒板鈥渙ooohs鈥濆拰鈥渙oooas鈥濈瓑鐨勫０闊炽��2涓湀鐨勫┐鍎跨敋鑷宠兘澶熻瘑鍒嚭涓嶅悓浜虹敤涓嶅悓闊宠皟鎴栬�呭己搴﹁鍑虹殑鐗瑰畾闊崇礌锛堝鐖舵瘝鍙叾鍚嶅瓧鐨勫０闊筹級銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�2锛夎繛缁煶鑺傞樁娈碉紙4锝�9涓湀锛夈��</p>
+ <p>
+ 杩欎竴闃舵锛屽┐鍎挎槑鏄炬椿璺冭捣鏉ャ�備粬浠湪鎰熻鑸掗�傛椂浼氳嚜鍔ㄥ彂鍑哄悇绉嶅０闊筹紝灏ゅ叾鏄湪鎴愪汉鍜屼粬浠帺鑰嶇殑鏃跺�欙紝鍙戦煶浼氭洿棰戠箒銆�4锝�6涓湀鐨勬椂鍊欙紝濠村効鍙戦煶涓鍔犱簡杈呴煶锛屽鈥渕amama鈥濇垨鈥減apapa鈥濈瓑澹伴煶锛屼粬浠惉鍒版垚浜鸿璋冩椂锛屽父甯歌兘鍙戝嚭鍜屾垚浜鸿璋冪浉鍖归厤鐨勫０闊炽�傝繖涓樁娈碉紝濠村効涓嶄粎鑳藉鍖哄垎鍚勭澹伴煶锛岃�屼笖鑳藉鐞嗚В鐗瑰畾璇皟鎵�鍏锋湁鐨勬剰涔夈�傚ぇ绾�6涓湀涔嬪悗锛屽┐鍎胯兘鎰熺煡涓嶅悓鐨勮璋冿紝骞朵笖浼氱敤涓嶅悓鐨勬柟
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="36">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(36) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">028</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 寮忓洖搴斿叾鍚埌鐨勮璋冦�傚┐鍎垮湪鎰熺煡璇煶鏃惰兘鍒嗚鲸鍑轰笉鍚岀殑璇皟銆佽姘斿拰闊宠壊锛屼粬浠悊瑙ｈ瑷�鐨勬按骞冲張鎻愰珮浜嗕竴姝ャ��
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�3锛夊璇濊悓鑺介樁娈碉紙10锝�12涓湀锛夈��</p>
+ <p>
+ 10锝�12涓湀鐨勫┐鍎夸笉浠呰兘澶熷彂鍑虹浉鍚岄煶鑺傜殑璇煶锛屼篃鑳藉鍙戝嚭涓嶅悓闊宠妭鐨勮繛缁闊筹紝姣斿锛屼粬浠兘澶熷彂鍑轰竴杩炰覆瀵屾湁鍙樺寲鐨勮緟闊冲姞鍏冮煶鐨勯煶鑺傦紱浠栦滑杩樿兘妯′豢涓�浜涢潪璇█鐨勫０闊虫垨鎴愪汉鍙戝嚭鐨勬柊澹伴煶锛屽鍜冲椊鎴栫敤鑸屽ご鎵撳嚭鍝嶅０锛涙闃舵鍎跨鑳藉灏嗕粬鍙戝嚭鐨勮璋冨拰鍚埌澹伴煶鐨勮璋冨尮閰嶈捣鏉ワ紝璁╂垚浜烘劅瑙変粬浠槸鍦ㄨ璇濓紝浣嗚繖浜涒�滆瘽鈥濇剰涔変笉鏄庣‘锛涗粬浠凡缁忚兘澶熺悊瑙ｅ苟鎵ц涓�浜涚畝鍗曠殑鎸囦护鎬ц瑷�锛屽鎴愪汉璇粹�滆窡濂跺ザ璇村啀瑙佲�濓紝濠村効浼氭尌鎸ュ皬鎵嬶紱10涓湀宸﹀彸锛屽鏁板┐鍎胯兘澶熻鍑虹涓�涓湁鎰忎箟鐨勮瘝锛屽鈥滃濡堚�濈瓑銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e030">2.璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩寤鸿</h5>
+ <p>锛�1锛変负濠村効鎻愪緵涓板瘜鐨勮瑷�鍒烘縺鐜锛岃鍙戝叾涓嶆柇鍙戦煶銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 濠村効鐨勯潪鑷帶鎬у彂闊冲鏁版槸鍦ㄥ拰鎴愪汉鐨勭帺閫椾腑鍙戝嚭鐨勶紝濡傛灉璇█鍒烘縺姣旇緝涓板瘜锛屽┐鍎垮彲鑳芥洿鏃╁湴寮�鍙ｈ璇濄�傛墍浠ュ闀垮簲璇ョ敤涓板瘜鐨勯潰閮ㄨ〃鎯呫�佸瘜鏈夊彉鍖栫殑闊宠皟灏嗗┐鍎跨殑娉ㄦ剰鍔涘惛寮曞埌璇煶涓婃潵銆傛垚浜哄簲璇ユ姄浣忎竴鍒囨椂鏈哄拰濠村効璇磋瘽锛岃濠村効鍠滄鍚埆浜鸿璇濓紝璁粌浠栦滑鑹ソ鐨勫惉鍔涗範鎯�傚綋濠村効鍙戝嚭鏌愪簺澹伴煶鏃讹紝鎴愪汉瑕佷互姝ｉ潰鐨勫埡婵�寮哄寲濠村効鐨勮繖绉嶅彂闊炽��
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�2锛夎瑷�鏁欒偛鍜岃璇嗗懆鍥翠簨鐗╁悓姝ヨ繘琛屻��</p>
+ <p>
+ 1宀佸乏鍙冲効绔ュ凡缁忔帴瑙﹀埌寰堝鐢熸椿鐢ㄥ搧鍜岀帺鍏枫�傛垚浜哄湪涓哄効绔ュ睍绀烘煇涓墿鍝佹椂瑕佸憡璇夊効绔ヨ繖涓墿鍝佺殑鍚嶅瓧銆佺敤閫斻�佸舰鐘剁瓑銆傝繖鏍峰彲浠ヨ璇煶鍜屽疄鐗╀箣闂村缓绔嬭緝涓虹ǔ鍥虹殑鑱旂郴锛屼负浠ュ悗鍎跨鐞嗚В鍜岃璇濇墦涓嬪熀纭�銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�3锛変负濠村効鎻愪緵閫傚悎鐨勬棭鏈熼槄璇汇��</p>
+ <p>
+ 濠村効鍦ㄦ弧鏈堜箣鍚庡氨琛ㄧ幇鍑哄棰滆壊鍜屽舰鐘剁殑鍏磋叮锛屾垚浜哄彲浠ラ�夋嫨涓�浜涢�傚悎杩欎釜闃舵鐨勮鐗╋紝濡傚僵鑹插浘鐗囥�佸浘褰€�佺敾鍐岀瓑鎸囩偣缁欏┐鍎块槄璇汇�傚ぇ绾�6涓湀鐨勫┐鍎胯兘澶熸劅鍙椾笉鍚岀殑璇皟锛屾垚浜哄簲璇ヤ互涓板瘜鐨勮瑷�褰㈠紡涓哄┐鍎块槄璇绘枃瀛︿綔鍝侊紝璁╁┐鍎垮吇鎴愬�惧惉鏂囧浣滃搧鐨勪範鎯��10涓湀宸﹀彸鐨勫┐鍎胯瑷�娲诲姩鏇翠负娲昏穬锛屽闀垮簲璇ュ煿鍏诲┐鍎胯壇濂界殑闃呰涔犳儻锛屾瘮濡傦紝鏁欎細濠村効姝ｇ‘鐨勬嬁涔﹀Э鍔裤�侀槄璇诲悗鏀惧洖鍘熶綅缃瓑銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d026">锛堜簩锛�1锝�2宀佸効绔ヨ瑷�鍙戝睍涓庢暀鑲�</h4>
+ <h5 id="e031">1.璇█鍙戝睍闃舵涓庣壒鐐�</h5>
+ <p>锛�1锛夊崟璇嶅彞闃舵锛�1锝�1.5宀侊級銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 1宀佸乏鍙筹紝鍎跨鑳藉鍙戝嚭鏈夋剰涔夌殑璇煶锛屼絾杩欑璇煶闈炲父绠�鍗曪紝寰�寰�鏄竴涓釜鐨勫瓧锛岃�岃繖涓瓧甯稿父浠ｈ〃涓�鏁村彞璇濈殑鎰忔�濓紝杩欑璇█褰㈠紡琚О涓哄崟璇嶅彞銆傚ぇ绾�1宀佸崐鐨勬椂鍊欙紝鍎跨鑳藉鍙戝嚭鍜屾垚浜烘瘮杈冪浉浼肩殑璇煶銆備絾鏄拰鏍囧噯鐨勬垚浜鸿闊宠繕鏈夎緝澶х殑宸窛锛岃繖绉嶅樊璺濅富瑕佽〃鐜颁负锛氫粬浠細鎶婂闊宠妭璇嶉潪閲嶈閮ㄥ垎鐪佺暐锛屾垨鑰呯敤鍏冮煶浠ｆ浛杈呴煶锛屽鎶娾�渓蓱o鈥濊鎴愨�溕憃鈥濄�傝繖涓樁娈靛効绔ヨ兘澶熻鍑哄拰鐞嗚В鐨勮瘝姹囧鏁版槸閭ｄ簺鑷�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="37">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(37) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗簩绔� 瀛﹀墠鍎跨璇█鍙戝睍鏁欒偛</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">029</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 宸辩粡甯告憜寮勭殑鐗╀綋鐨勫悕绉帮紙濡傝溅杞︺�佸▋濞冪瓑锛夛紝褰撶劧涔熷寘鎷墍鐔熸倝鐨勪汉锛岃�屽閭ｄ簺鑷繁涓嶈兘绉诲姩鐨勭墿浣擄紙濡傜洏瀛愩�佸簥绛夛級璇村嚭鐨勬鐜囪緝浣庛�傚崟璇嶅彞闃舵锛屽効绔ヨ繕浼氬嚭鐜扳�滀互闊充唬鐗┾�濈殑鐜拌薄锛屽鐢ㄢ�滄豹姹�濅唬琛ㄧ嫍锛岀敤鈥滃柕鍠碘�濅唬琛ㄧ尗绛夈��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 铏界劧姝ら樁娈靛効绔ヨ瑷�鑳藉姏鏈変簡寰堝ぇ杩涙锛屼絾鏄湪浣跨敤璇嶇殑杩囩▼涓繕鏄細鍑虹幇寰堝閿欒锛岃繖浜涢敊璇泦涓簬杩囧害娉涘寲鍜屾墿灞曚笉瓒充袱鏂归潰銆傝繃搴︽硾鍖栦富瑕佹槸鎸囧効绔ュ湪浣跨敤鐗规畩鎸囦唬鐨勫崟璇嶆椂鎬绘槸鎶婅瘝鐨勬剰涔夋墿灞曞埌鏇村ぇ鐨勮寖鍥村唴锛屽鐢ㄢ�滅嫍鐙椻�濇寚浠ｆ墍鏈夌殑鍥涙潯鑵跨殑鍔ㄧ墿锛涙墿灞曚笉瓒虫槸鎸囧効绔ョ敤涓�鑸寲鐨勫崟璇嶆寚浠ｇ壒瀹氱殑浜嬬墿锛屽浠栦滑鏈�鏃╃悊瑙ｇ殑鈥滆溅杞︹�濆氨鏄寚鑷繁鐨勫┐鍎胯溅鎴栫帺鍏疯溅锛岃�屼笉鏄墍鏈夌殑浜ら�氳繍杈撳伐鍏枫��
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�2锛夊弻璇嶅彞闃舵锛�1.5锝�2宀侊級銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鍎跨鍦�1宀佸崐浠ュ悗锛岃璇濈殑绉瀬鎬ф槑鏄炬彁楂橈紝涓昏琛ㄧ幇鍦ㄤ粬浠涔犲崟璇嶇殑閫熷害澧炲揩锛屾瘡鍛ㄥ彲鑳藉鍔�10锝�20涓柊璇嶆眹锛岃繖娈垫椂闂磋绉颁负鈥滆瘝姹囩垎鐐搁樁娈碘�濄�備粬浠紑濮嬪皢鍗曡瘝缁勬垚绠�鍗曠殑鍙ュ瓙锛屼緥濡傦紝鈥滅埜鐖告姳鈥濃�滃濡堝潗鍧愨�濈瓑銆傚効绔ヨ兘澶熻鍑虹殑杩欎簺绠�鍗曠殑鍙ュ瓙琚О涓哄弻璇嶅彞鎴栤�滅數鎶ュ彞鈥濓紝鍥犱负杩欎簺鍙ュ瓙鐨勫舰寮忓拰鐢垫姤鐩镐技锛屽彧淇濈暀浜嗗彞瀛愪腑鏈�閲嶈鐨勬垚鍒嗭紝鑰岀渷鐣ヤ簡璇稿鍐犺瘝銆佷粙璇嶇瓑淇グ璇嶃�傚湪1锝�2宀侊紝鍎跨瀵规湁鏁堟矡閫氱殑鍚勭鎶�宸у彉寰楄秺鏉ヨ秺鏁忔劅锛屾瘮濡傦紝2宀佸乏鍙崇殑鍎跨鐭ラ亾璇磋瘽瑕佷竴鍏堜竴鍚庝氦鏇垮彂闊筹紱鐭ラ亾鍦ㄨ璇濈殑鏃跺�欒鐪嬬潃瀵规柟銆傝繖绉嶆湁鏁堟矡閫氱殑鎶�宸у湪2宀佷互鍚庝細蹇�熷彂灞曪紝姣斿锛�2锝�3宀佺殑鍎跨鐢氳嚦鐭ラ亾鍜屽埆浜鸿璇濆氨瑕佺瀵规柟杩戜竴浜涳紝浠栦滑浼氬湪鎴愪汉璇В浠栦滑鎰忔�濈殑鏃跺�欏仛鍑鸿ˉ鍏呰В閲婄瓑銆傝櫧鐒舵闃舵鍏舵矡閫氭妧鑳芥湁浜嗗緢澶х殑杩涙锛屼絾鎬讳綋鏉ヨ姘村钩涓嶉珮锛岃繖绉嶈兘鍔涗細闅忕潃骞撮緞鐨勫闀块�愭笎瀹屽杽锛屼娇寰椾粬浠兘澶熷湪鍏ュ辜鍎垮洯涔嬪墠鎷ユ湁姣旇緝濂界殑璇█鑳藉姏銆�
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk">
+ <div class="bk1">
+ <p><span class="bj2">骞煎効鍥暀甯堣祫鏍艰瘉鑰冭瘯路鐪熼鍐嶇幇</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-2">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="../../images/tb-1.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center"><b>2016骞翠笂鍗婂勾銆婁繚鏁欑煡璇嗕笌鑳藉姏銆嬬湡棰�</b></p>
+ <ul
+ class="mr-0"
+ v-for="(item, index) in example[0].unit"
+ :key="'exampleOne' + index"
+ >
+ <li>锛堝崟閫夐锛墈{ item.txt }}銆�</li>
+ <li
+ class="inputChoice"
+ v-for="(citem, cindex) in item.option"
+ :key="cindex"
+ >
+ <label>
+ <input
+ type="radio"
+ :disabled="example[0].isComplete"
+ :name="item.txt"
+ :value="citem.value"
+ v-model="item.userAnswer"
+ @change="saveExample('exampleOne', example[0])"
+ />
+ <span>{{ citem.value }} . {{ citem.txt }}</span>
+ </label>
+ </li>
+ <li
+ v-if="example[0].isShowAnswer"
+ class="event-header-text-bc pd-5 fl jc-sa"
+ >
+ <span class="c-g"> 绛旀锛歿{ item.answer }}</span>
+ <span
+ :class="{ 'c-g': item.isRight, 'c-r': item.isRight == false }"
+ >鎮ㄧ殑绛旀锛歿{ item.userAnswer }}</span
+ >
+ <span class="icon-box-big fl al-c">
+ <svg
+ v-if="item.isRight"
+ t="1716986419862"
+ class="icon"
+ viewBox="0 0 1820 1024"
+ version="1.1"
+ xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
+ p-id="18767"
+ xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
+ width="40"
+ height="20"
+ >
+ <path
+ d="M1439.374222 216.007111s-169.472 56.490667-367.179852 282.443852C888.6044444 703.222519 846.241185 787.949037 775.632593 900.93037 768.568889 893.866667 662.651259 689.095111 380.207407 540.814222l148.290371-141.226666s134.162963 91.790222 225.953185 261.262222c0 0 233.016889-360.116148 684.923259-536.642371v91.799704z m0 0"
+ fill="#1AFA29"
+ p-id="18768"
+ ></path>
+ </svg>
+ <svg
+ v-if="item.isRight == false"
+ t="1716987085767"
+ class="icon"
+ viewBox="0 0 1024 1024"
+ version="1.1"
+ xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
+ p-id="25745"
+ xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
+ width="20"
+ height="20"
+ >
+ <path
+ d="M116.579135 38.64349531L38.703935 103.74399781c138.82075969 102.96027281 268.24660875 221.31426938 381.68489719 339.96758156C246.29374906 618.40145938 109.95003031 790.19602344 38.10817906 859.25288281l148.35573469 123.62658094c52.61360812-108.17625656 167.23381594-272.86683656 320.56281844-445.01635875 153.50744156 173.21056312 268.36844625 338.43166313 321.38977781 447.49243969 0 0 144.5682225-152.96636906 157.47435281-129.29729625-55.80632344-62.49011156-191.37776625-244.16501625-374.17990593-430.27403438 104.68422375-107.1132975 222.15274031-213.10127719 347.60304468-306.24740437L925.17746562 56.03842156C782.85412063 126.51895625 647.69328031 231.09093594 526.07845437 342.39755 403.34886594 226.82662719 264.46095125 116.16373719 116.579135 38.64349531L116.579135 38.64349531zM116.579135 38.64349531"
+ fill="#d81e06"
+ p-id="25746"
+ ></path>
+ </svg>
+ </span>
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ <div class="w100 fl ju-cn">
+ <ul class="fl ju-ev w80 choice">
+ <li>
+ <button
+ class="btn-border btn-w"
+ @click="goExample(example[0])"
+ >
+ 鎻愪氦
+ </button>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <button
+ @click="
+ changeExample(example[0], example[0].unit, 'exampleOne')
+ "
+ class="btn-border btn-w"
+ >
+ 閲嶅仛
+ </button>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <button
+ @click="example[0].isShowAnswer = !example[0].isShowAnswer"
+ class="parimary-btn"
+ >
+ 鏌ョ湅绛旀
+ </button>
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <h5 id="e032">2.璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩寤鸿</h5>
+ <p>锛�1锛夋墿澶у効绔ヨ瘝姹囬噺銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄨ繖涓樁娈碉紝搴旇鎶婃暀鑲查噸鐐规斁鍦ㄦ墿澶у効绔ヨ瘝姹囬噺涓婏紝涓嶇鏄効绔ヨ兘澶熻鍑虹殑鈥滆瘝鈥濊繕鏄効绔ュ彧鑳藉鐞嗚В鐨勨�滆瘝鈥濓紝閮藉簲璇ュ姞鍏ュ涔犺鍒掍箣涓�傚湪瀛︿範杩囩▼涓鐢ㄧ畝鐭殑璇彞涓斾笉鏂噸澶嶆柊瀛︿範鐨勮瘝銆傛瘮濡傦紝鈥滅伀杞︹�濃�滄苯杞︹�濃�滆嚜琛岃溅鈥濈瓑锛屽湪璇烩�滆溅鈥濈殑鏃跺�欏簲璇ラ�傚綋鍔犻噸澶勭悊銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="38">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(38) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">030</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>锛�2锛夋垚浜哄拰鍎跨浜ゆ祦杩囩▼涓灏介噺瑙勮寖浣跨敤璇█銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 姝ら樁娈靛効绔ュ璇█鏈夋槑鏄剧殑鏁忔劅鎬э紝浠栦滑浼氭ā浠夸竴鍒囧彲浠ユā浠跨殑璇█褰㈠紡锛屾墍浠ユ垚浜哄簲璇ユ敞鎰忎娇鐢ㄤ赴瀵岀殑闈㈤儴琛ㄦ儏銆佸瘜鏈夊彉鍖栫殑璇皟鍜岃鑼冩纭殑鍙戦煶鏉ヤ负鍎跨鎻愪緵妯′豢鑼冧緥銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�3锛夊埄鐢ㄥ绉嶅舰寮忎赴瀵屽効绔ヨ瑷�瀛︿範閫斿緞銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鍎跨鏂囧浣滃搧銆佸姩鐢荤墖銆佽瑷�娓告垙绛夐兘鏄効绔ュ枩娆㈢殑娲诲姩绫诲瀷锛屾暀甯堝湪杩涜璇█鏁欒偛鏃跺簲鎶婃暀鑲茶绱犺瀺鍏ユ椿鍔ㄤ腑锛岃鍎跨鍦ㄦ椿鍔ㄨ繃绋嬩腑瀛︿範璇█锛岃繖鏍峰紑灞曡瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鍙互澧炲己鍎跨浣跨敤璇█鐨勫叴瓒ｅ拰绉瀬鎬с��
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�4锛変赴瀵屽効绔ョ敓娲汇��</p>
+ <p>
+ 鍎跨鑳藉璇村嚭鐨勫崟璇嶅鏁版槸鑷繁鑳藉鎽嗗紕鍜岀Щ鍔ㄧ殑鐗╀綋鍚嶇О銆傛墍浠ワ紝鍎跨鐨勭敓娲荤幆澧冭秺涓板瘜锛屼粬浠兘澶熸憜寮勫拰绉诲姩鐨勭墿浣撴暟閲忓強绫诲瀷涔熷氨瓒婂锛屽湪杩欐牱涓板瘜鐨勭幆澧冧腑锛屽効绔ユ洿鍊惧悜浜庝娇鐢ㄨ瑷�琛ㄨ揪浠栦滑鐨勬墍瑙佹墍鎯筹紝杩欏氨澧炲姞浜嗗効绔ヤ富鍔ㄤ娇鐢ㄨ瑷�鐨勬満浼氾紝淇冭繘浜嗗効绔ヨ瑷�鑳藉姏鐨勫彂灞曘��
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�5锛夊皢鏁欏効绔ヨ璇濅笌璁よ瘑鍛ㄥ洿浜嬬墿鍚屾杩涜銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 1宀佸乏鍙崇殑鍎跨锛屽凡缁忔帴瑙﹀埌寰堝鐢熸椿鐢ㄥ搧鍜岀帺鍏凤紝鎴愪汉瑕佸埄鐢ㄨ繖涓暀鑲叉満浼氾紝鍦ㄥ皢鐗╀綋鍛堢幇缁欏効绔ョ殑鍚屾椂鏁欏叾鍙戦煶銆傚湪瀵瑰効绔ヨ鏌愪釜鐗╀綋鏃讹紝灏辫鎸囪繖涓墿浣撶粰鍎跨鐪嬶紝鍦ㄤ粬浠叿浣撶殑鐢熸椿鎯呭涓紝鎴愪汉搴旇鏈夋剰璇嗗湴鍛婅瘔浠栦滑涓�浜涘父瑙佺墿鍝佺殑鍚嶇О锛岃浠栦滑灏嗚闊冲拰鐗╁搧寤虹珛鍥哄畾鐨勮仈绯汇��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d027">锛堜笁锛�2锝�3宀佸効绔ヨ瑷�鍙戝睍涓庢暀鑲�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 2锝�3宀佺殑鍎跨閫愭笎鎺屾彙浜嗗熀鏈殑鍙ｈ琛ㄨ揪锛屼粬浠紑濮嬩娇鐢ㄥ悎涔庤娉曡鍒欑殑銆佽緝涓哄畬鏁寸殑璇彞琛ㄨ揪瑙傜偣銆傝闃舵琚О涓衡�滃鍚堝彞闃舵鈥濓紝鍙堝彲鍒嗕负鍒濇鎺屾彙鍙ｈ闃舵鍜岀洰鏍囧彛璇垵姝ュ彂灞曢樁娈点��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e033">1.璇█鍙戝睍闃舵涓庣壒鐐�</h5>
+ <p>锛�1锛夊垵姝ユ帉鎻″彛璇樁娈碉紙2锝�2.5宀侊級銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 姝ら樁娈靛効绔ョ殑鍙戦煶鍣ㄥ畼鏃ヨ秼鎴愮啛锛屽効绔ュ湪鍙戦煶涓婂嚭鐜扮殑鍥伴毦涓庨敊璇篃閫愭笎鍑忓皯銆傚効绔ュ熀鏈兘澶熷彂鍑烘墍鏈夌殑鍞囬煶锛堝b銆乸銆乵銆乫绛夛級锛屼絾鏄垖闊筹紙濡倆銆乧銆乻銆乨銆乼銆乶銆乴銆亃h銆乧h銆乻h銆乺绛夛級杩樻湁涓�浜涘洶闅撅紝瑕佸畬鍏ㄥ厠鏈嶈繖浜涘洶闅撅紝闇�瑕佸埌3宀佷互鍚庛�傝瑷�閫愭笎绋冲畾鍜岃鑼冿紝鑳借繍鐢ㄥ绉嶇畝鍗曞彞涓庢垚浜轰氦娴侊紝澶嶅悎鍙ヤ篃鍒濇鍙戝睍锛涘枩娆㈢敤鐤戦棶鍙ヨ幏鍙栬嚜宸遍渶瑕佺殑鐭ヨ瘑锛涗粬浠繕鑳藉杩愮敤璇█杩涜璇锋眰銆佹嫆缁濄�佽偗瀹氥�佹眰鍔╃瓑锛屽苟瀛︿細鍊惧惉鍒汉鐨勮璇濄��
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�2锛夌洰鏍囧彛璇垵姝ュ彂灞曢樁娈碉紙2.5锝�3宀侊級銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鍦�2.5锝�3宀侊紝鍎跨鎺屾彙璇嶆眹鐨勯�熷害鏄庢樉鍔犲揩锛岀敱鍘熸潵鐨�1骞磋兘澶熸帉鎻″ぇ绾�300涓瘝鐚涘鍒�1骞磋兘澶熸帉鎻�1000涓瘝宸﹀彸銆傚効绔ユ帉鎻¤瘝姹囩殑绉嶇被鍜屽唴瀹归兘鏈夊緢澶ф墿鍏呫�傚湪浣跨敤鍗曡瘝鏃讹紝鍑虹幇杩囧害娉涘寲鍜屾墿灞曚笉瓒崇殑娆℃暟鏄庢樉鍑忓皯锛屽緢澶氬効绔ュ凡缁忕煡閬擄紝鏌愪簺鐗瑰畾鐨勮瘝浠ｈ〃浜嗕竴绫讳簨鐗┿�傛闃舵鍎跨鍩烘湰鑳藉鐢ㄦ瘮杈冨畬鏁寸殑鍙ュ瓙涓庝汉浜ゆ祦锛�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="39">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(39) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗簩绔� 瀛﹀墠鍎跨璇█鍙戝睍鏁欒偛</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">31</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 浠栦滑鎵�浣跨敤鐨勫彞瀛愪腑锛岄檲杩板彞鍗犲ぇ澶氭暟锛屽緢澶氬効绔ョ敋鑷宠兘澶熺敤绠�鍗曠殑澶嶅悎鍙ュ幓琛ㄨ揪鑷繁鐨勬兂娉曘��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 铏界劧姝ら樁娈靛効绔ュ湪浣跨敤鍙ュ瓙鏂归潰鏈夋槑鏄剧殑杩涙锛屼絾琛ㄨ揪姘村钩杩樻瘮杈冧綆锛岄儴鍒嗗効绔ヨ繕蹇呴』杈呭姪琛ㄦ儏銆佸姩浣滄潵瀹屾垚浜ゆ祦銆傚効绔ヤ娇鐢ㄧ殑璇█澶氭暟杩樺浜庢儏澧冩�у璇濈殑璇█闃舵锛屽効绔ョ嫭绔嬪彊杩扮殑姘村钩杩樻瘮杈冧綆銆傛墍浠ヨ鐞嗚В鍎跨鎵�璇寸殑璇濓紝杩橀渶瑕佺粨鍚堣璇濇椂鐨勫叿浣撴儏澧冦��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e034">2.璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩寤鸿</h5>
+ <p>锛�1锛夊湪鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓负鍎跨鍒涜鑹ソ鐨勮瑷�鐜锛岄紦鍔卞効绔ュ璇磋瘽銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓紝瀹堕暱瑕佸拰鍎跨澶氫氦璋堬紝鎻愪緵璇█妯′豢鐨勮寖渚嬶紝闅忔椂闅忓湴鍒╃敤鐜涓殑鏁欒偛濂戞満甯姪鍎跨鎺屾彙鏂拌瘝锛屾墿澶ц瘝姹囬噺銆傛闃舵鐨勫効绔ュ凡缁忚兘澶熻鍑虹畝鍗曠殑鍙ュ瓙锛屽苟涓斿璇█鐨勬晱鎰熷害姣旇緝楂橈紝瀹堕暱瑕侀紦鍔卞効绔ュ湪绌胯。銆佸悆楗�佹礂婢°�佹父鎴忕瓑杩囩▼涓鐢ㄥ彞瀛愯〃杈捐嚜宸辩殑瑙傜偣銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�2锛夎繍鐢ㄥ効姝屻�佹晠浜嬬瓑鏂囧浣滃搧鍙戝睍鍎跨鐨勮瑷�鑳藉姏銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鍎挎瓕銆佹晠浜嬬瓑鏂囧浣滃搧锛岀鍚堝効绔ョ殑蹇冪悊鐗圭偣锛屾槗浜庤鍎跨鐞嗚В鍜屾帴鍙楋紝鏄闀垮悜瀛╁瓙杩涜鍝佸痉鏁欒偛銆佺煡璇嗘暀鑲层�佽瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勯閫夋柟寮忋�傚闀垮簲璇ヨ鍎跨鍦ㄥ惉鏂囧浣滃搧鐨勫悓鏃讹紝妯′豢浣滃搧涓悇绉嶅舰璞＄殑璇█锛屾瘮濡傦紝濡堝鍦ㄨ瀹屽皬绾㈠附鐨勬晠浜嬪悗锛屽彲榧撳姳鍎跨妯′豢澶х伆鐙煎拰灏忕孩甯界殑瀵硅瘽锛岃繖鏍峰彲浠ヨ鍎跨鍦ㄥū涔愪腑缁冧範璇磋瘽銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�3锛夊埄鐢ㄦ父鎴忕粌涔犺璇濄��</p>
+ <p>
+ 娓告垙澶╃敓鏄睘浜庡効绔ョ殑锛屽効绔ヤ細鍦ㄦ父鎴忎腑涓轰簡杈惧埌娓告垙鐩殑鑰屼笌鍚屼即鍗忓晢銆佽璁猴紝鍦ㄨ繖涓�杩囩▼涓紝璇█鑳藉姏鑷劧寰楀埌鎻愰珮銆傚湪娓告垙涓紝瀹堕暱鍜屾暀甯堝彲浠ヤ娇鐢ㄨ闂�佸缓璁�佸晢璁ㄧ瓑绛栫暐涓嶆柇淇冭繘鍎跨璇█鎶�鑳界殑杩涙銆�
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk">
+ <div class="bk1">
+ <p><span class="bj2">骞煎効鍥暀甯堣祫鏍艰瘉鑰冭瘯路鐪熼鍐嶇幇</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-2">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="../../images/tb-1.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center"><b>2012骞翠笂鍗婂勾銆婁繚鏁欑煡璇嗕笌鑳藉姏銆嬬湡棰�</b></p>
+ <ul
+ class="mr-0"
+ v-for="(item, index) in example[1].unit"
+ :key="'exampleTwo' + index"
+ >
+ <li>锛堝崟閫夐锛墈{ item.txt }}銆�</li>
+ <li
+ class="inputChoice"
+ v-for="(citem, cindex) in item.option"
+ :key="cindex"
+ >
+ <label>
+ <input
+ type="radio"
+ :disabled="example[1].isComplete"
+ :name="item.txt"
+ :value="citem.value"
+ v-model="item.userAnswer"
+ @change="saveExample('exampleTwo', example[1])"
+ />
+ <span>{{ citem.value }} . {{ citem.txt }}</span>
+ </label>
+ </li>
+ <li
+ v-if="example[1].isShowAnswer"
+ class="event-header-text-bc pd-5 fl jc-sa"
+ >
+ <span class="c-g"> 绛旀锛歿{ item.answer }}</span>
+ <span
+ :class="{ 'c-g': item.isRight, 'c-r': item.isRight == false }"
+ >鎮ㄧ殑绛旀锛歿{ item.userAnswer }}</span
+ >
+ <span class="icon-box-big fl al-c">
+ <svg
+ v-if="item.isRight"
+ t="1716986419862"
+ class="icon"
+ viewBox="0 0 1820 1024"
+ version="1.1"
+ xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
+ p-id="18767"
+ xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
+ width="40"
+ height="20"
+ >
+ <path
+ d="M1439.374222 216.007111s-169.472 56.490667-367.179852 282.443852C888.6044444 703.222519 846.241185 787.949037 775.632593 900.93037 768.568889 893.866667 662.651259 689.095111 380.207407 540.814222l148.290371-141.226666s134.162963 91.790222 225.953185 261.262222c0 0 233.016889-360.116148 684.923259-536.642371v91.799704z m0 0"
+ fill="#1AFA29"
+ p-id="18768"
+ ></path>
+ </svg>
+ <svg
+ v-if="item.isRight == false"
+ t="1716987085767"
+ class="icon"
+ viewBox="0 0 1024 1024"
+ version="1.1"
+ xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
+ p-id="25745"
+ xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
+ width="20"
+ height="20"
+ >
+ <path
+ d="M116.579135 38.64349531L38.703935 103.74399781c138.82075969 102.96027281 268.24660875 221.31426938 381.68489719 339.96758156C246.29374906 618.40145938 109.95003031 790.19602344 38.10817906 859.25288281l148.35573469 123.62658094c52.61360812-108.17625656 167.23381594-272.86683656 320.56281844-445.01635875 153.50744156 173.21056312 268.36844625 338.43166313 321.38977781 447.49243969 0 0 144.5682225-152.96636906 157.47435281-129.29729625-55.80632344-62.49011156-191.37776625-244.16501625-374.17990593-430.27403438 104.68422375-107.1132975 222.15274031-213.10127719 347.60304468-306.24740437L925.17746562 56.03842156C782.85412063 126.51895625 647.69328031 231.09093594 526.07845437 342.39755 403.34886594 226.82662719 264.46095125 116.16373719 116.579135 38.64349531L116.579135 38.64349531zM116.579135 38.64349531"
+ fill="#d81e06"
+ p-id="25746"
+ ></path>
+ </svg>
+ </span>
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ <div class="w100 fl ju-cn">
+ <ul class="fl ju-ev w80 choice">
+ <li>
+ <button
+ class="btn-border btn-w"
+ @click="goExample(example[1])"
+ >
+ 鎻愪氦
+ </button>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <button
+ @click="
+ changeExample(example[1], example[1].unit, 'exampleTwo')
+ "
+ class="btn-border btn-w"
+ >
+ 閲嶅仛
+ </button>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <button
+ @click="example[1].isShowAnswer = !example[1].isShowAnswer"
+ class="parimary-btn"
+ >
+ 鏌ョ湅绛旀
+ </button>
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <h3 id="c013">浜屻��3锝�6宀佸効绔ヨ瑷�鍙戝睍涓庢暀鑲�</h3>
+ <p>
+ 鍎跨杩涘叆骞煎効鏈燂紝鍏剁敓娲昏寖鍥翠笉鏂墿澶э紝澶ц剳鏈鸿兘涓嶆柇瀹屽杽锛岃鐭ヨ兘鍔涗篃鏈変簡寰堝ぇ杩涙锛岃繖浜涢兘淇冧娇骞煎効璇█鑳藉姏鐗瑰埆鏄彛璇〃杈捐兘鍔涘揩閫熷彂灞曘��
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="40">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(40) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">32</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <h4 id="d028">锛堜竴锛夎闊崇殑鍙戝睍涓庢暀鑲�</h4>
+ <h5 id="e035">1.骞煎効璇煶鐨勫彂灞曠壒鐐�</h5>
+ <p>锛�1锛夊熀鏈兘澶熸帉鎻℃湰姘戞棌璇█鐨勫叏閮ㄨ闊炽��</p>
+ <p>
+ 3锝�4宀佺殑骞煎効闊垫瘝鍙戦煶鐨勬纭巼杈冮珮锛屽０姣嶇殑鍙戦煶姝ｇ‘鐜囩◢浣庛�傜敱浜庢闃舵骞煎効鍙戦煶鍣ㄥ畼娌℃湁寰楀埌鍏呭垎鐨勫彂灞曪紝鎵�浠ヤ粬浠彂闊充笉澶熷噯纭�傚湪鍙戞煇浜涘０姣嶆椂锛屽辜鍎跨粡甯稿嚭鐜扮浉浜掓浛浠ｇ殑閿欒锛屽鈥渘鈥濆拰鈥渓鈥濅笉鍒嗭紝鎶娾�滃皬楣库�濊鎴愨�滃皬鎬掆�濓紱浠栦滑杩樻瘮杈冮毦鍖哄垎鈥渮h鈥濃�渃h鈥濃�渟h鈥濃�渮鈥濃�渃鈥濃�渟鈥濆拰鑸岄潰闊斥�渏鈥濃�渜鈥濃�渪鈥濈瓑锛屽骞煎効缁忓父鎶娾�滆�佸笀鈥濊鎴愨�滆�佽タ鈥濄��
+ 4锝�5宀佸辜鍎垮彂闊宠兘鍔涢�愭笎鎴愮啛锛屽鏋滃弽澶嶇粌涔狅紝澶у鏁板辜鍎胯兘澶熷彂鍑哄叏閮ㄨ闊炽��5锝�6宀佸辜鍎垮彂闊冲櫒瀹樺熀鏈彂鑲叉垚鐔燂紝鑳藉湪鎴愪汉寮曞涓嬪惉娓呭拰鍙戞竻姣嶈鐨勫叏閮ㄨ闊筹紝鑰屼笖姝ら樁娈靛辜鍎胯兘澶熸湁琛ㄦ儏鍦板彂鍑鸿闊冲拰澹拌皟銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�2锛夊辜鍎跨殑璇煶鎰忚瘑鏄庢樉澧炲己銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 璇煶鎰忚瘑鏄寚璇煶鐨勮嚜鎴戣皟鑺傛満鍒讹紝褰撳辜鍎胯兘澶熻嚜瑙夎鲸鍒彂闊虫槸鍚︽纭紝鑷妯′豢姝ｇ‘鍙戦煶锛屽苟鎶靛埗閿欒鍙戦煶鏃讹紝骞煎効鐨勮闊虫剰璇嗗紑濮嬪彂鐢熷苟涓嶆柇澧炲己銆�4锝�5宀佺殑骞煎効鑳藉涓诲姩缁冧範姝ｇ‘鐨勫彂闊筹紝褰撹嚜宸卞彂鍑洪敊璇殑璇煶鏃跺父甯镐細鎰熷埌缇炴订锛屼粬浠細妯′豢銆佺籂姝ｅ叾浠栦汉鐨勯敊璇彂闊炽�傝闊虫剰璇嗙殑澧炲己浣垮辜鍎胯兘澶熶富鍔ㄣ�佽嚜瑙夊湴瀛︿範璇█锛岃繖绉嶅彉鍖栧鍏惰瑷�鐨勮繘姝ユ湁寰堝ぇ鐨勪績杩涗綔鐢ㄣ��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e036">2.骞煎効璇煶鏁欒偛</h5>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鏈熸槸鎺屾彙璇煶鐨勫叧閿椂鏈燂紝濡傛灉姝ｇ‘鍙戞尌鐜鍙婃暀鑲茬殑浣滅敤锛屽辜鍎垮氨浼氭瘮杈冭交鏉惧湴鎺屾彙鏈皯鏃忔墍鏈夎闊炽�傛暀甯堝拰瀹堕暱鍙互鏍规嵁濡備笅鏂规硶瀵瑰辜鍎胯繘琛岃闊虫暀鑲层��
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�1锛夋暀鑲插辜鍎垮浣曞噯纭湴鍚煶銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 妯′豢鏄辜鍎垮涔犺闊虫渶閲嶈鐨勬柟寮忎箣涓�锛屾ā浠跨殑鍩虹鏄惉闊冲噯纭�傝浣垮辜鍎垮彂闊冲噯纭紝蹇呴』娉ㄦ剰璁粌骞煎効鐨勫惉瑙夎兘鍔涳紝浣夸粬浠兘澶熷噯纭尯鍒嗘瘮杈冪浉浼肩殑鍙戦煶锛屽z銆乧銆乻銆亃h銆乧h銆乻h銆乸銆乼銆乨绛夛紝涓哄辜鍎挎嫾闊冲涔犳墦涓嬪熀纭�銆傛暀甯堝簲璇ラ�氳繃涓嶆柇鍦拌瑙ｇず鑼冦�佽瑷�娓告垙绛夊舰寮忓煿鍏诲辜鍎跨殑鍚煶鑳藉姏銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�2锛変负骞煎効璁茶В骞剁ず鑼冩纭殑鍙戦煶鏂规硶銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 娓呮銆佹纭殑鍙戦煶鏄繍鐢ㄥ彛璇氦娴佺殑蹇呰鏉′欢銆傛纭彂闊充竴鑸瘮鍚噯闊宠鍥伴毦涓�浜涳紝鎴愪汉搴旇鏁欎細骞煎効鏅�氳瘽鐨勫熀鏈彂闊筹紝璁╁辜鍎胯兘澶熷噯纭湴鍙戝嚭鏅�氳瘽鐨勬墍鏈夐煶鑺傘�傛纭湴鏁欏辜鍎垮彂闊宠繕鍖呮嫭鏁欎細骞煎効姝ｇ‘鍙戝嚭鈥滃効鍖栭煶鈥濄�傚効鍖栭煶鍜屽師闊充箣闂存湁瀵嗗垏鍏崇郴锛屼絾涔熸湁寰堝ぇ涓嶅悓銆�
+ 鈥滃効鍖栭煶鈥濆浠ｈ〃鍚嶈瘝锛屽鈥滅敾鍎库�濃�滅洊鍎库�濄�傚効鍖栭煶澶氳〃绀哄皬銆佸彲鐖便�佷翰鍒囩殑鎰忔�濓紝濡傗�滃皬瀛╁効鈥濃�滃疂璐濆効鈥濈瓑銆傛垚浜哄湪鏁欏辜鍎垮彂鈥滃効鍖栭煶鈥濇椂瑕佹敞鎰忚垖澶寸殑浣滅敤锛岃骞煎効鑸屽ご寰井涓婂嵎锛屽拰鍘熼煶涓�璧峰彂鍑猴紝鑰屼笉鏄崟鐙彂鍑衡�滃効鈥濈殑澹伴煶銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�3锛夊煿鍏诲辜鍎夸娇鐢ㄨ█璇〃鎯呯殑鑳藉姏銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 瑷�璇〃鎯呮寚浜轰滑閫氳繃澹拌皟銆佽閫熺瓑灏嗚嚜韬殑鎯呯华鎰熷彈浼犻�掑嚭鏉ョ殑杩囩▼锛屾槸杈呭姪璇█鐨勯噸瑕佸伐鍏凤紝鍒╃敤瑷�璇〃鎯呭彲浠ヨ捣鍒板寮鸿瑷�浜ゆ祦鏁堟灉鐨勪綔鐢ㄣ�傚叾涓紝瑷�璇〃
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="41">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(41) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗簩绔� 瀛﹀墠鍎跨璇█鍙戝睍鏁欒偛</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">033</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鎯呮槸骞煎効闇�瑕佸煿鍏荤殑閲嶈鑳藉姏銆傛垚浜哄簲璇ユ暀浼氬辜鍎挎牴鎹嚜宸辨墍瑕佽〃杈剧殑鍐呭鎺у埗銆佽皟鑺傚０闊崇殑澶у皬鍜岃妭濂忕殑蹇參銆傛瘮濡傦紝鎴戜滑琛ㄨ揪娆㈠揩鐨勫唴瀹规椂璇�熷簲璇ョ◢蹇竴浜涳紝琛ㄨ揪鎮蹭激鐨勫唴瀹规椂璇�熷簲璇ユ斁鎱竴浜涳紝琛ㄨ揪婵�鍔ㄧ殑鍐呭鏃跺０闊宠楂樹孩涓�浜涳紝琛ㄨ揪瀹夐潤鐨勫唴瀹规椂澹伴煶瑕佹斁浣庝竴浜涚瓑銆傚钩鏃惰璇濈殑鏃跺�欏氨搴旇榧撳姳骞煎効鑷劧澶ф柟銆佸瘜鏈夋劅鏌撳姏鍦拌〃杈俱��
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�4锛夊煿鍏诲辜鍎胯瑷�浜ゅ線鐨勪慨鍏汇��</p>
+ <p>
+ 璇█浜ゅ線淇吇鏄寚璇磋瘽鎬佸害鏂归潰鐨勮姹傘�傛垚浜鸿娉ㄦ剰鍦ㄥ辜鍎挎帉鎻″彛璇殑鍒濆闃舵灏辫姹備粬浠�佸害鑷劧銆佸０璋冨弸濂藉湴鍘诲拰浠栦汉浜ゆ祦銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�5锛夊強鏃剁籂姝ｅ辜鍎跨殑閿欒鍙戦煶銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 褰撳辜鍎垮彂闊抽敊璇椂锛屾垚浜哄簲璇ョ敤閫傚綋鐨勬柟寮忓強鏃剁籂姝ｄ粬鐨勯敊璇彂闊炽�傚湪绾犳鐨勮繃绋嬩腑锛屾垚浜鸿娉ㄦ剰鏂瑰紡鏂规硶锛屽厛浜嗚В骞煎効鍙戦煶閿欒鐨勫師鍥狅紝瀵圭棁涓嬭嵂锛屼互鍏嶈�借骞煎効瀛︿範璇█鐨勫叧閿湡銆傚湪绾犳鐨勮繃绋嬩腑涓嶈兘杩囧害鏂ヨ矗骞煎効锛屽簲浠ョН鏋佺殑鎬佸害榧撳姳鍏跺潥鎸佺粌涔犮��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d029">锛堜簩锛夎瘝姹囩殑鍙戝睍涓庢暀鑲�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 3锝�6宀佸辜鍎胯瘝姹囩殑鎺屾彙鎯呭喌鍙互浠庡叾鎺屾彙鐨勮瘝姹囬噺銆佽瘝鐨勭被鍨嬪拰鐞嗚В璇嶇殑娣卞害鏉ヨ鏄庛��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e037">1.骞煎効璇嶆眹鐨勫彂灞曠壒鐐�</h5>
+ <p>锛�1锛夊辜鍎挎湡璇嶆眹閲忚繀閫熷鍔狅紙瑙佸浘2-2锛夈��</p>
+ <p class="center openImgBox">
+ <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../../images/0053-1.jpg" />
+ </p>
+ <p class="img">
+ 鍥�2-2 涓嶅悓骞撮緞鍎跨鎺屾彙鐨勮瘝姹囬噺<a id="w6"></a
+ ><a href="chapter002.html#m6"><sup>[6]</sup></a>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鏈熻瘝姹囬噺澧為暱閫熷害寰堝揩锛屽嚑涔庢瘡骞村闀夸竴鍊嶏細3宀佸辜鍎胯兘澶熸帉鎻″ぇ绾�1000涓瘝姹囷紝4宀佸辜鍎胯兘澶熸帉鎻″ぇ绾�1700涓瘝姹囷紝5宀佸辜鍎挎帉鎻＄殑璇嶆眹閲忔湁2600涓乏鍙筹紝6宀佸辜鍎跨殑璇嶆眹閲忎负3500锝�4000銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�2锛夊辜鍎挎湡鎺屾彙璇嶇殑绫诲瀷涓嶆柇鎵╁ぇ銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 璇嶆眹浠庢暟閲忎笂鏄剧ず浜嗗辜鍎胯瑷�鑳藉姏鐨勮繘姝ワ紝璇嶇被鑼冨洿鐨勬墿澶у垯浠庤川閲忎笂璇存槑骞煎効璇█鑳藉姏鐨勪笉鏂彂灞曘�傚辜鍎夸竴鑸厛鎺屾彙瀹炶瘝锛屽悗鎺屾彙铏氳瘝銆傚湪骞煎効鎺屾彙鐨勫疄璇嶄腑锛屽悕璇嶅崰涓诲鍦颁綅锛屽叾娆℃槸鍔ㄨ瘝銆佸舰瀹硅瘝銆傛帉鎻″悕璇嶇殑閫熷害浼氶殢鐫�骞撮緞鐨勫闀块�愭笎鏀�
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m6"></a><a href="chapter002.html#w6">[6]</a>
+ 鍐妗�.瀛﹀墠鍎跨璇█鏁欒偛锛籑锛�.閮戝窞锛氶儜宸炲ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2013锛�34.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="42">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(42) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">034</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鎱紝4宀佷互鍚庢帉鎻″姩璇嶇殑鏁伴噺姣斾緥寮�濮嬭秴杩囧悕璇嶃�傚鍏朵粬瀹炶瘝锛屽褰㈠璇嶃�佹暟閲忚瘝绛夊辜鍎挎帉鎻¤緝鏅氥�傚辜鍎垮褰㈠璇嶇殑杩愮敤寰�寰�涓嶅噯纭紝甯稿父鐢ㄥぇ銆佸皬鏉ヤ唬鏇胯儢銆佺槮鍜岄暱銆佺煭绛夛紱鏁伴噺璇嶄篃鏄辜鍎胯緝闅炬帉鎻＄殑涓�绉嶈瘝姹囷紝鐩村埌5宀佷互鍚庢墠鑳介�愭鎺屾彙銆傚辜鍎垮铏氳瘝鎺屾彙涔熻緝鏅氾紝4锝�5宀佹槸骞煎効鎺屾彙铏氳瘝姣旇緝杩呴�熺殑闃舵銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 璇嶇被鎵╁ぇ涔熻〃鐜板湪璇嶆眹鍐呭涓婏紝骞煎効鏈�鍒濇帉鎻＄殑璇嶅鏁版槸鍜岃嚜宸卞瘑鍒囩浉鍏崇殑璇嶏紝浠ュ悗閫愭笎鎺屾彙涓�浜涗笌鑷繁鍏崇郴绋嶈繙鎴栨娊璞＄殑璇嶆眹锛屽鈥滅ぞ浼氣�濃�滃媷鏁⑩�濈瓑銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�3锛夊辜鍎垮璇嶄箟鐨勭悊瑙ｉ�愭笎纭垏銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効瀵逛竴涓瘝鐨勭悊瑙ｅ線寰�浠庤〃闈㈡剰涔夊彂灞曞埌娣卞眰鎰忎箟銆傝秺骞村辜鐨勫効绔ョ悊瑙ｈ瘝鐨勫惈涔夎秺琛ㄩ潰鍖栵紝姣斿锛�3宀佸墠鐨勫辜鍎垮父甯哥敤涓�涓瘝浠ｈ〃澶氱浜嬬墿锛屼粬浠彲鑳界敤鈥滈┈鈥濅唬琛ㄦ墍鏈夊洓鏉¤吙鐨勫姩鐗╋紝鏈夋椂鍊欎粬浠細鎸囩潃缇婅锛氣�滃皬椹�傗��4锝�5宀佸辜鍎垮湪璇嶆眹鏁伴噺鍜岀绫昏繀閫熷鍔犵殑鍩虹涓婇�愭笎褰㈡垚浜嗕竴瀹氱殑褰掔撼鑳藉姏锛屼粬浠煡閬撴煇浜涜瘝鏄唬琛ㄤ竴绫讳簨鐗╋紝姣斿锛屸�滅嫍鈥濅笉浠呮寚鑷繁瀹剁殑灏忕嫍锛屼篃琛ㄧず鎵�鏈夌殑鐙楋紝杩欑鑳藉姏鍜岃鐭ヨ兘鍔涚殑鍙戝睍鏈夊瘑鍒囧叧绯汇��5锝�6宀佸辜鍎垮紑濮嬫帉鎻′竴浜涘壇璇嶅拰杩炶瘝锛屽璇嶇殑鐞嗚В姘村钩涔熸槑鏄炬彁楂樸�備絾鎬讳綋鏉ヨ锛屽辜鍎挎湡鐨勫効绔ュ璇嶇殑姒傛嫭鎬ц繕姣旇緝宸紝鍦ㄤ娇鐢ㄨ瘝鏃剁粡甯稿嚭鐜颁竴浜涢敊璇�傛垚浜哄簲璇ュ湪澧炲姞鍏惰瘝姹囬噺鍜屾墿灞曡瘝绫昏寖鍥寸殑鍩虹涓婏紝鍔犳繁骞煎効瀵硅瘝涔夌殑鐞嗚В銆�
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk">
+ <div class="bk1">
+ <p><span class="bj2">骞煎効鍥暀甯堣祫鏍艰瘉鑰冭瘯路鐪熼鍐嶇幇</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-2">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="../../images/tb-1.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center"><b>2016骞翠笅鍗婂勾銆婁繚鏁欑煡璇嗕笌鑳藉姏銆嬬湡棰�</b></p>
+ <ul
+ class="mr-0"
+ v-for="(item, index) in example[2].unit"
+ :key="'exampleThree' + index"
+ >
+ <li>锛堝崟閫夐锛墈{ item.txt }}銆�</li>
+ <li
+ class="inputChoice"
+ v-for="(citem, cindex) in item.option"
+ :key="cindex"
+ >
+ <label>
+ <input
+ type="radio"
+ :disabled="example[2].isComplete"
+ :name="item.txt"
+ :value="citem.value"
+ v-model="item.userAnswer"
+ @change="saveExample('exampleThree', example[2])"
+ />
+ <span>{{ citem.value }} . {{ citem.txt }}</span>
+ </label>
+ </li>
+ <li
+ v-if="example[2].isShowAnswer"
+ class="event-header-text-bc pd-5 fl jc-sa"
+ >
+ <span class="c-g"> 绛旀锛歿{ item.answer }}</span>
+ <span
+ :class="{ 'c-g': item.isRight, 'c-r': item.isRight == false }"
+ >鎮ㄧ殑绛旀锛歿{ item.userAnswer }}</span
+ >
+ <span class="icon-box-big fl al-c">
+ <svg
+ v-if="item.isRight"
+ t="1716986419862"
+ class="icon"
+ viewBox="0 0 1820 1024"
+ version="1.1"
+ xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
+ p-id="18767"
+ xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
+ width="40"
+ height="20"
+ >
+ <path
+ d="M1439.374222 216.007111s-169.472 56.490667-367.179852 282.443852C888.6044444 703.222519 846.241185 787.949037 775.632593 900.93037 768.568889 893.866667 662.651259 689.095111 380.207407 540.814222l148.290371-141.226666s134.162963 91.790222 225.953185 261.262222c0 0 233.016889-360.116148 684.923259-536.642371v91.799704z m0 0"
+ fill="#1AFA29"
+ p-id="18768"
+ ></path>
+ </svg>
+ <svg
+ v-if="item.isRight == false"
+ t="1716987085767"
+ class="icon"
+ viewBox="0 0 1024 1024"
+ version="1.1"
+ xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
+ p-id="25745"
+ xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
+ width="20"
+ height="20"
+ >
+ <path
+ d="M116.579135 38.64349531L38.703935 103.74399781c138.82075969 102.96027281 268.24660875 221.31426938 381.68489719 339.96758156C246.29374906 618.40145938 109.95003031 790.19602344 38.10817906 859.25288281l148.35573469 123.62658094c52.61360812-108.17625656 167.23381594-272.86683656 320.56281844-445.01635875 153.50744156 173.21056312 268.36844625 338.43166313 321.38977781 447.49243969 0 0 144.5682225-152.96636906 157.47435281-129.29729625-55.80632344-62.49011156-191.37776625-244.16501625-374.17990593-430.27403438 104.68422375-107.1132975 222.15274031-213.10127719 347.60304468-306.24740437L925.17746562 56.03842156C782.85412063 126.51895625 647.69328031 231.09093594 526.07845437 342.39755 403.34886594 226.82662719 264.46095125 116.16373719 116.579135 38.64349531L116.579135 38.64349531zM116.579135 38.64349531"
+ fill="#d81e06"
+ p-id="25746"
+ ></path>
+ </svg>
+ </span>
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ <div class="w100 fl ju-cn">
+ <ul class="fl ju-ev w80 choice">
+ <li>
+ <button
+ class="btn-border btn-w"
+ @click="goExample(example[2])"
+ >
+ 鎻愪氦
+ </button>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <button
+ @click="
+ changeExample(example[2], example[2].unit, 'exampleThree')
+ "
+ class="btn-border btn-w"
+ >
+ 閲嶅仛
+ </button>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <button
+ @click="example[2].isShowAnswer = !example[2].isShowAnswer"
+ class="parimary-btn"
+ >
+ 鏌ョ湅绛旀
+ </button>
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <h5 id="e038">2.骞煎効璇嶆眹鏁欒偛</h5>
+ <p>锛�1锛変笉鏂赴瀵屽辜鍎胯瘝姹囥��</p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効璇嶆眹鏁欒偛鐨勯瑕佷换鍔℃槸甯姪骞煎効涓嶆柇鑾峰緱鏂拌瘝锛屽姞娣卞叾瀵圭幇瀹炰笘鐣岀殑璁よ瘑銆傚湪杩欎釜杩囩▼涓紝鎴愪汉搴旇娉ㄦ剰濡備笅闂銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>鈶犲涓哄辜鍎挎彁渚涘疄璇嶃��</p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鍦�6宀佸墠鎺屾彙璇嶆眹鐨勭绫讳互瀹炶瘝涓轰富銆傚洜涓哄疄璇嶅湪鎺屾彙闅惧害涓婃瘮铏氳瘝鏇寸畝鍗曪紝鍦ㄤ氦娴佹晥鏋滀笂涔熸瘮铏氳瘝鏇存湁鐢ㄣ��
+ </p>
+ <p>鈶″湪鍜屽辜鍎夸氦娴佽繃绋嬩腑甯姪鍏惰幏寰楁柊璇嶃��</p>
+ <p>
+ 涓�鑸辜鍎块兘鏄湪鐢熸椿鎯呭涓涔犳柊璇嶇殑銆傜敓娲讳腑瀛︿範璇嶆眹鑷劧锛岀湡瀹炪�傛瘮濡傦紝鎴愪汉鍦ㄦ寚瀵煎辜鍎胯璇嗕簨鐗╂椂鏁欎細浠栦滑鍚勭璇嶆眹锛屽寘鎷棩鐢ㄥ搧銆佺帺鍏枫�佸姩妞嶇墿绛夊悕璇嶏紝涔熷寘鎷弿缁樼墿鍝佺殑棰滆壊銆佸ぇ灏忋�佽川鍦般�佺敤閫旂瓑褰㈠璇嶏紝杩樺寘鎷弿杩扮墿鍝佹暟閲忕殑鏁拌瘝銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="43">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(43) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗簩绔� 瀛﹀墠鍎跨璇█鍙戝睍鏁欒偛</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">035</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 閲忚瘝绛夈�傛澶栵紝鎴愪汉杩樺彲浠ュ湪瀵瑰辜鍎跨殑瑕佹眰涓紙濡傝骞煎効璧峰簥銆佸悆楗�佹礂婢°�佹敹鎷剧帺鍏风殑杩囩▼涓級甯姪骞煎効瀛︿細鏂拌瘝锛屽湪鎵ц杩欎簺瑕佹眰鐨勮繃绋嬩腑骞煎効涓�杈圭悊瑙ｆ垚浜虹殑鎸囦护锛屼竴杈圭Н绱ぇ閲忕殑璇嶆眹锛屽悓鏃朵篃閫愭笎鍒嗘竻浜嗕汉绉颁唬璇嶏紙浣犮�佹垜銆佷粬锛夌殑鍏蜂綋鎰忎箟銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�2锛夋寚瀵煎辜鍎挎纭湴鐞嗚В璇嶆眹鐨勫惈涔夈��</p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鐢变簬缂轰箯鐢熸椿缁忛獙锛屼互鍙婂叿浣撳舰璞℃�濈淮鐨勯檺鍒讹紝寰�寰�鎶婁竴浜涙娊璞＄殑璇嶇悊瑙ｄ负鍏蜂綋鐨勫惈涔夛紝姣斿锛屾妸鈥滅編涓解�濈悊瑙ｄ负鈥滃濡堢殑鏍峰瓙鈥濓紝鎶娾�滃媷鏁⑩�濈悊瑙ｄ负鈥滄暍鍦ㄦ櫄涓婂嚭闂ㄢ�濈瓑銆傚悓鏃跺辜鍎胯繕瀹规槗浠庡瓧闈笂鐞嗚В璇嶄箟锛屾瘮濡傦紝鎶娾�滃ぇ鑵曞効鈥濈悊瑙ｆ垚澶х殑鑳宠唺鑵曞効绛夈�傚洜姝わ紝鎴愪汉搴旇鍦ㄤ笉鏂赴瀵屽辜鍎胯瘝姹囬噺鐨勫熀纭�涓婃寚瀵煎辜鍎挎纭湴鐞嗚В璇嶇殑鍚箟銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>鈶犱负骞煎効鍚屾椂鍛堢幇璇嶅拰璇嶆墍瀵瑰簲鐨勪簨鐗┿��</p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鏈�鍏堟帉鎻＄殑璇嶅線寰�鏄偅浜涗笌涔嬪瘑鍒囩浉鍏崇殑浜嬬墿锛屾暀甯堝簲璇ラ殢鏈轰负骞煎効鎸囧嚭閭ｄ簺鐢熸椿涓柊鎺ヨЕ鐨勮瘝锛岄�氳繃杩欑鏂瑰紡寰�寰�鑳藉骞煎効鐞嗚В璇嶆眹璧峰埌浜嬪崐鍔熷�嶇殑鏁堟灉銆備緥濡傦紝姣忓綋骞煎効鐪嬪埌骞煎効鍥唴鐨勮姳鏃讹紝鏁欏笀鍦ㄤ竴鏃佽锛氣�滅湅锛岀孩鑹茬殑鑺憋紝绮夎壊鐨勮姳锛屽婕備寒鍛�锛佲�濇暟娆′箣鍚庯紝骞煎効灏辫兘澶熺煡閬撹姳鏄粈涔堬紝鑰屼笖鑺辨湁涓嶅悓鐨勯鑹层�傚綋鏁欏笀鍐嶅拰骞煎効璇粹�滅湅锛岃眴璞嗙殑绮夎壊琛ｆ湇澶氭紓浜憖鈥濇椂锛屽辜鍎胯嚜鐒朵細鐞嗚В鈥滅矇鑹测�濈殑鍚箟銆傚涓�浜涗笉甯歌鐨勮瘝璇紝褰撳叾鍋剁劧鍑虹幇鏃讹紝鏁欏笀搴斿強鏃朵负骞煎効鎸囧嚭閭ｆ槸浠�涔堬紝杩欐牱鍙互淇冭繘鍎跨鐞嗚В鍏蜂綋璇嶄箟銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>鈶″�熷姪鐩磋鏉愭枡甯姪骞煎効鐞嗚В鏂拌幏寰楃殑璇嶆眹銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鍦ㄧ敓娲荤幆澧冧腑鑳藉鎺ヨЕ鍒扮殑璇嶆眹鏈変簺鏄嚜宸辫杩囩殑锛屼篃鏈変簺鏄笉缁忓父鎺ヨЕ鐨勩�傚浜庤繖浜涗笉甯告帴瑙︾殑璇嶏紝鎴愪汉鍙互鍊熷姪鍥剧敾銆佸０鍍忕瓑濯掍粙涓哄辜鍎挎彁渚涚洿瑙備俊鎭紝甯姪骞煎効鑾峰緱璇嶆眹涓庤瘝涔夌殑鑱旂郴銆傛瘮濡傦紝鎴愪汉鍙互閫氳繃鍥剧墖銆佷功绫嶇瓑璁╁辜鍎胯璇嗛硠楸笺�佸湴鐞冦�佸お绌虹瓑銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>鈶㈠紩瀵煎辜鍎挎牴鎹嚜宸卞凡鏈夌粡楠岀悊瑙ｈ瘝涔夈��</p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鐨勭敓娲荤粡楠岄殢鐫�骞撮緞鐨勫闀夸細瓒婃潵瓒婁赴瀵岋紝涓板瘜鐨勭敓娲荤粡楠屽彲浠ュ府鍔╁辜鍎挎洿娣卞埢鍦扮悊瑙ｈ瘝姹囩殑鍚箟銆傛瘮濡傦紝鍎跨鏈夊幓杩団�滃姩鐗╁洯鈥濈殑缁忛獙锛屾垚浜哄彲浠ュ埄鐢ㄨ繖绉嶇粡楠屼负骞煎効瑙ｉ噴浣曚负鈥滃姩鐗╃帇鍥解�濄�傝繖鏍蜂笉浠呭彲浠ヨ骞煎効娓╀範宸茬粡鎺屾彙鐨勮瘝姹囷紝涔熷彲浠ヨ骞煎効鏇翠负瀹规槗鍦颁範寰楁柊璇嶆眹銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�3锛夊紩瀵煎辜鍎挎纭繍鐢ㄨ瘝姹囥��</p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鐞嗚В鐨勮瘝鍙互鍒嗕负绉瀬璇嶆眹鍜屾秷鏋佽瘝姹囥�傜Н鏋佽瘝姹囨槸鎸囧辜鍎胯兘澶熻鍑轰篃鑳藉姝ｇ‘杩愮敤鐨勮瘝姹囷紝娑堟瀬璇嶆眹鍗宠兘澶熻鍑轰絾涓嶈兘姝ｇ‘杩愮敤鐨勮瘝姹囥�傝�屼笉鑳芥纭繍鐢ㄧ殑涓昏鍘熷洜鏄効绔ュ璇嶇殑鍚箟鐞嗚В涓嶅噯纭紝姣斿锛屽辜鍎挎妸鈥滅嫍鐔娾�濊鎴愭槸鈥滃ぇ鐙椻�濄�傞拡瀵瑰辜鍎胯繖绉嶉敊鐢ㄦ垨鑰呰鐢ㄨ瘝鐨勬儏鍐碉紝鏁欏笀鍙互浠庝互涓嬪嚑涓柟闈㈠叆鎵嬫寚瀵煎辜鍎挎纭繍鐢ㄨ瘝姹囥��
+ </p>
+ <p>鈶犱负骞煎効鎻愪緵姝ｇ‘鐨勭敤璇嶈寖渚嬨��</p>
+ <p>
+ 鎴愪汉鍦ㄤ笌骞煎効浜ゆ祦鐨勮繃绋嬩腑锛岃鍋氬埌鐢ㄨ瘝鍑嗙‘锛岃鍑虹殑璇彞瑕佺鍚堣娉曡姹傘�傚辜鍎挎槸鍦ㄦā浠挎垚浜鸿瑷�涓幏寰楄瑷�鑳藉姏鐨勶紝鍥犳锛屾垚浜虹殑璇█绀鸿寖浼氱洿鎺ュ奖鍝嶅辜鍎�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="43">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(43) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">036</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鐨勮瑷�姘村钩銆傛垚浜哄湪甯姪骞煎効璁よ瘑鍛ㄥ洿浜嬬墿鏃讹紝瑕佸仛鍒板敖閲忕敤鍑嗙‘鐨勮瘝鍘昏В閲婅鏄庤璁よ瘑鐨勭墿锛屽彧鏈夎繖鏍锋墠浼氫负骞煎効鎻愪緵姝ｇ‘鐨勭敤璇嶈寖渚嬨��
+ </p>
+ <p>鈶″強鏃剁籂姝ｅ辜鍎垮璇嶇殑閿欑敤鍜岃鐢ㄣ��</p>
+ <p>
+ 鍙婃椂绾犳骞煎効鐢ㄨ瘝閿欒鍙互涓嶈閿欒褰㈡垚涔犳儻锛屼篃鏈夊埄浜庡辜鍎垮鍏朵粬璇嶇殑鐞嗚В銆傚鏋滃辜鍎垮鏌愪簺璇嶇悊瑙ｄ笉鍑嗙‘锛屼粬浠線寰�涔熶笉鑳藉噯纭悊瑙ｄ笌杩欎釜璇嶇浉鍏崇殑璇嶃�備絾绾犳骞煎効鐢ㄨ瘝閿欒鏂瑰紡瑕佸惈钃勶紝瑕佸厛琛ㄧず鐞嗚В锛屽啀鐢ㄤ竴浜涘濠夌殑鏂瑰紡鎸囧嚭骞煎効鐨勯敊璇紝鍒囧繉鐩存帴鎸囧嚭鎴栬�呬弗閲嶆壒璇勫辜鍎匡紝杩欐牱浼氬奖鍝嶅辜鍎垮涔犺瑷�鐨勭Н鏋佹�с��
+ </p>
+ <p>鈶负骞煎効鍒涜瀹芥澗杩愮敤璇嶆眹鐨勮瑷�鐜銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鐢熸椿绌洪棿鐩稿鐙皬锛岃澶氬杩囩殑璇嶈繍鐢ㄧ殑鏈轰細杈冨皯銆傚鏋滄暀甯堣兘澶熶负骞煎効鍒涜涓板瘜鐨勭敓娲讳笌瀛︿範鐜锛屽辜鍎跨殑寰堝娑堟瀬璇嶆眹灏变細杞彉涓虹Н鏋佽瘝姹囥�備緥濡傦紝璇█娓告垙銆佽鑹叉父鎴忎腑锛屾暀甯堝彲浠ュ紩瀵煎辜鍎挎妸骞虫椂杈冨皯搴旂敤鐨勮瘝姹囨坊鍔犲埌娓告垙涔嬩腑锛涙暀甯堜篃鍙互澶氬甫骞煎効鍘婚儕娓搞�佸弬瑙傜瓑锛岃骞煎効鍦ㄦ璧忔櫙鑹茬殑鍚屾椂绉瀬杩愮敤鎵�瀛︾殑璇嶆眹鎻忚堪鐪嬪埌鐨勬櫙鑹层��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効瀵硅瘝姹囩殑鐞嗚В鍜岃繍鐢ㄥ彈鍏惰鐭ュ彂灞曠殑褰卞搷銆傝瘝姹囨湰鏉ュ氨鏄辜鍎垮涓栫晫璁ょ煡鐨勫弽鏄狅紝鎴愪汉鍦ㄦ寚瀵煎辜鍎胯瘝姹囧涔犱腑瑕佷笌鍏惰鐭ュ彂灞曠浉鑱旂郴锛岃璁ょ煡鍙戝睍寮曞璇嶆眹鍙戝睍锛岃瘝姹囧彂灞曚績杩涘叾璁ょ煡杩涙銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d030">锛堜笁锛夎娉曠殑鍙戝睍涓庢暀鑲�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 璇硶鍗虫瀯璇嶉�犲彞鐨勮鍒欙紝鏄瑷�鏈�涓烘娊璞＄殑瑕佺礌銆傛墍浠ワ紝鎺屾彙涓�绉嶈瑷�锛屽緢澶х▼搴︿笂灏辨槸鎺屾彙浜嗕竴绉嶈瑷�鐨勮鍒欍�傚辜鍎垮湪瀛︿範璇█鐨勮繃绋嬩腑涓嶄粎涔犲緱浜嗚闊冲拰璇嶆眹锛屼篃涔犲緱浜嗚娉曡鍒欍�傚疄闄呬笂锛屽辜鍎挎槸鍚屾椂瀛︿範璇煶銆佽瘝姹囧拰璇硶鐨勩�傚辜鍎胯娉曠殑鍙戝睍鍙楁枃鍖栥�佹暀鑲层�佽绉嶇瓑鏉′欢鐨勫奖鍝嶈〃鐜板嚭涓嶅悓绋嬪害鐨勫樊寮傦紝浣嗗張鏈夊熀鏈浉鍚岀殑鍙戝睍杩囩▼銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e039">1.骞煎効璇硶鐨勫彂灞曠壒鐐�</h5>
+ <p>锛�1锛夊彞鍨嬩粠涓嶅畬鏁村埌瀹屾暣銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 2宀佷箣鍓嶇殑濠村辜鍎垮浣跨敤鍗曡瘝鍙ユ垨鍙岃瘝鍙ユ潵琛ㄨ揪鑷繁鐨勯渶姹傘��2宀佷互鍚庡辜鍎块�愭笎鑳藉浣跨敤瀹屾暣鍙ワ紝浣嗙洿鍒板辜鍎挎櫄鏈熶粬浠篃杈冨皯浣跨敤澶嶅悎鍙ヨ〃杈捐嚜宸辩殑瑙傜偣锛屽嵆浣夸娇鐢ㄥ鍚堝彞锛屼篃寰堝皯浣跨敤杩炶瘝銆�5宀佸乏鍙崇殑骞煎効杩樹笉鑳藉緢濂藉湴鐞嗚В缁撴瀯澶嶆潅鐨勫彞瀛愶紝濡傝鍔ㄥ彞銆佸弻閲嶅惁瀹氬彞绛夈�傚湪鏁翠釜骞煎効鏈燂紝绠�鍗曢檲杩板彞鏄辜鍎跨殑鍩烘湰鍙ュ瀷銆傚辜鍎夸篃浣跨敤涓�浜涢潪闄堣堪鍙ワ紝濡傜枒闂彞銆佺浣垮彞銆佹劅鍙瑰彞绛夛紝浣嗘暟閲忚緝灏戙��3锝�4宀佹槸骞煎効澶嶆潅淇グ璇暟閲忓闀挎渶蹇殑闃舵锛屽辜鍎垮湪澶х害4宀佺殑鏃跺�欒兘澶熻鍑烘瘮杈冨鐨勫甫鏈変慨楗拌瘝鐨勮鍙ワ紝4宀佷互鍚庤鍑哄甫鏈変慨楗拌瘝鐨勮鍙ユ暟閲忛�愭笎澧炲銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�2锛夊彞瀛愮粨鏋勭敱娣锋矊銆佹澗鏁ｃ�佸憜鏉垮埌鍒嗗寲銆佷弗璋ㄥ拰鐏垫椿銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鏃╂湡鐨勮鍙ワ紝鏃犺鏄湪琛ㄨ揪鍐呭涓娿�佽瘝鎬т笂杩樻槸鍦ㄥ彞瀛愮粨鏋勪笂閮芥槸娣锋矊鐨勩�傚辜鍎挎棭鏈熺殑鍙ュ瓙鍒嗕笉娓呮槸琛ㄨ揪鎯呮劅鐨勮繕鏄寚鐗╃殑鎴栬�呮槸鎰忓姩鐨勶紝鍚屼竴鍙ヨ瘽锛屽湪涓嶅悓鐨勮澧冧腑鏈変笉鍚岀殑鍚箟锛屽骞煎効璇粹�滈瀷鈥濓紝鍙兘鏄鈥滃濡堢殑闉嬧�濓紝鎴栨槸鈥滆濡堝缁欐垜绌�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="44">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(44) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗簩绔� 瀛﹀墠鍎跨璇█鍙戝睍鏁欒偛</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">037</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 闉嬧�濓紝涔熷彲鑳芥槸鈥滈偅鍙岄瀷鐪熸紓浜�濈瓑銆傚辜鍎�3宀佸悗閫愭笎鍒嗗寲鍑鸿〃杈炬儏鎰熺殑鍙ュ瓙銆佹寚鐗╃殑鍙ュ瓙鍜屾剰鍔ㄧ殑鍙ュ瓙銆傚辜鍎夸娇鐢ㄧ殑璇嶇殑鎬ц川锛屼篃闅忓叾骞撮緞鐨勫闀胯�岄�愭笎鍒嗗寲銆傚辜鍎挎棭鏈熺殑璇嶄笉鍒嗚瘝鎬э紝濡傚辜鍎跨敤鈥滄豹姹�濇棦琛ㄧず鐙楋紝涔熻〃绀虹嫍鈥滄豹姹�濈殑鍙０銆傚辜鍎挎渶鍒濅娇鐢ㄧ殑鍙ュ瓙鏄笉鍒嗙粨鏋勭殑鍗曡瘝鍙ュ拰鍙岃瘝鍙ワ紝浠ュ悗鎵嶉�愭笎鍒嗗寲鍑虹粨鏋勫眰娆″垎鏄庣殑鍙ュ瓙銆傞殢鐫�骞撮緞鐨勫闀匡紝鍙ュ瓙琛ㄨ揪鐨勫唴瀹广�佽瘝鎬у拰缁撴瀯灞傛閫愭笎鍒嗗寲銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鏈�鍒濈殑鍙ュ瓙涓嶄粎绠�鍗曪紝鑰屼笖鏋佷笉瀹屾暣锛屽父甯哥己灏戜竴浜涘彞瀛愭垚鍒嗐�備弗鏍煎湴璇达紝鍗曡瘝鍙ュ拰鍙岃瘝鍙ヨ繕涓嶅睘浜庡彞瀛愩�傜畝鍗曞彞鍑虹幇浠ュ悗锛屽辜鍎胯鐨勫彞瀛愭墠鍒濆叿缁撴瀯锛屼絾涔熷父甯告紡鎺変竴浜涗富瑕佹垚鍒嗐�傞殢鐫�骞撮緞鐨勫闀匡紝鍙ュ瓙缁撴瀯閫愭笎涓ヨ皑锛岀己璇嶅皯鍙ョ殑鐜拌薄瓒婃潵瓒婂皯锛岃瘝搴忔帓鍒椾篃瓒婃潵瓒婂悎鐞嗭紝鍙ュ瓙涓�愭笎鍑虹幇杩炶瘝鍜屼慨楗拌銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鏃╂湡鐨勮鍙ュ舰寮忛潪甯稿憜鏉匡紝鍙互璇存槸鍗冪瘒涓�寰嬨�傛墍鏈夊彞瀛愰兘鏄敱鍑犱釜璇嶇畝鍗曠浉鍔犺�屾潵銆�4锝�5宀佹槸骞煎効璇彞缁撴瀯鍙戝睍杈冨揩鐨勯樁娈碉紝闅忕潃骞撮緞鐨勫闀匡紝鍙ュ瓙涓�愭笎鍑虹幇绠�鍗曚慨楗拌锛岄殢鍚庡張鍑虹幇澶嶆潅淇グ璇�備粬浠�愭笎鑳藉璇村嚭杩炶疮鐨勫彞瀛愶紝鑳藉姝ｇ‘杩愮敤绠�鍗曞彞瀛愯〃杈捐嚜宸辩殑鎵�瑙佹墍闂伙紝涔熻兘鐙珛璁叉晠浜嬨�傞儴鍒�6宀佸辜鍎垮凡缁忚兘澶熷皢绠�鍗曚慨楗拌鍜屽鏉備慨楗拌鐏垫椿杩愮敤锛岃鍙ヤ腑鍚勭鎴愬垎鐨勭粍鍚堜篃鏇翠负鐏垫椿銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e040">2.骞煎効璇硶鏁欒偛</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀闇�瑕佹敞鎰忓涓嬪嚑涓柟闈紝浠ュ府鍔╁辜鍎块�愭笎璇村嚭缁撴瀯瀹屾暣銆佹剰涔夋槑纭殑鍙ュ瓙銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�1锛夊鍦ㄦ棩甯哥敓娲讳腑鍩瑰吇骞煎効娓呮櫚瀹屾暣鐨勮〃杈捐兘鍔涖��</p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効涓昏鏄湪鏃ュ父杩愮敤璇█鐨勮繃绋嬩腑瀛︿範璇硶鐨勶紝鍥犳锛屽湪鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓煿鍏诲辜鍎挎竻妤氬畬鏁寸殑琛ㄨ揪鑳藉姏鏄辜鍎胯娉曞涔犵殑涓昏閫斿緞銆傛暀甯堝湪鐢熸椿涓簲瑕佹眰骞煎効涓嶆柇鐢ㄥ畬鏁寸殑鍙ュ瓙琛ㄨ揪鑷繁鐨勬剰鎰匡紝浣嗗垏蹇屽湪骞煎効娌℃湁琛ㄨ揪瀹屾暣鏃跺氨鈥滃績棰嗙浼氣�濓紝鎴栬�呭湪璇█琛ㄨ揪涓婇噰鍙栤�滃寘鍔炰唬鏇库�濈殑琛屼负锛屼笉鍒╀簬骞煎効璇村嚭缁撴瀯瀹屾暣銆佹剰涔夋槑纭殑鍙ュ瓙銆傚綋骞煎効瑕佹暀甯堟嬁鐜╁叿鏃讹紝濡傛灉骞煎効鍙鈥滅Н鏈ㄢ�濓紝鏁欏笀搴旇寮曞鍏舵妸璇濊瀹屾暣锛屽苟璁╁辜鍎块噸澶嶄竴閬嶏紝闀挎浠ュ線锛屽辜鍎夸細閫愭笎璇村嚭姣旇緝瀹屾暣鐨勫彞瀛愩�傚綋鐒讹紝鏁欏笀搴旇娉ㄦ剰鏁欒偛骞煎効璇村畬鏁村彞瀛愮殑鏂瑰紡鏂规硶锛屽彧瑕佸辜鍎胯兘璇村嚭杈冧负瀹屾暣鐨勫彞瀛愬嵆鍙紝涓嶅繀瑕佺籂缁撹娉曠煡璇嗙殑鏁欒偛銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�2锛夊鐢ㄩ�犲彞鐨勫舰寮忓煿鍏诲辜鍎胯瀹屾暣鍙ョ殑鑳藉姏銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 閫犲彞鏄辜鍎垮枩娆㈢殑涓�绉嶈瑷�褰㈠紡銆傛暀甯堝彲浠ヨ繍鐢ㄩ�犲彞鐨勫舰寮忓煿鍏诲辜鍎胯瀹屾暣鍙ュ瓙鐨勮兘鍔涖�傜粡杩囧弽澶嶇粌涔犲拰淇骞煎効鎵�閫犺鍙ワ紝骞煎効鑳芥劅鐭ヤ粈涔堟槸瀹屾暣鐨勫彞瀛愶紝搴旇鎬庢牱璇村畬鏁寸殑鍙ュ瓙銆備絾鍦ㄩ�犲彞鐨勮繃绋嬩腑锛屾暀甯堝繀椤绘敞鎰忓辜鍎跨殑璇█鍏磋叮锛屽閫犱竴浜涘辜鍎垮枩娆㈢殑銆佸拰骞煎効瀵嗗垏鐩稿叧鐨勫彞瀛愶紝姣斿锛岃骞煎効鐢ㄨ溅杞︺�佸▋濞冦�佸皬鐧藉厰绛夎瘝姹囬�犲彞姣旂敤椋炴満銆佸潶鍏嬬被璇嶆眹閫犲彞鏇撮�傚悎骞煎効銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�3锛夊埄鐢ㄧ珵璧涖�佹父鎴忕瓑褰㈠紡鎻愰珮骞煎効璇村畬鏁村彞鐨勭Н鏋佹�с��</p>
+ <p>
+ 涓�鑸潵璇达紝4锝�5宀佺殑骞煎効鏇村枩娆㈢敤涓�浜涚畝鍗曠粨鏋勭殑鍙ュ瓙鍜屽埆浜轰氦娴侊紝骞煎効涓嶆槗鐞嗚В缁撴瀯杈冨鏉傜殑瀹屾暣鍙ャ��6宀佸乏鍙崇殑骞煎効鑳藉璇村嚭瀹屾暣鐨勫彞瀛愶紝浣嗗彞瀛愯川閲忓苟涓嶉珮銆傛暀甯堝簲璇ュ湪鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓埄鐢ㄥ辜鍎垮枩娆㈢殑娓告垙鏂瑰紡銆佺珵璧涙柟寮忕瓑璁╁辜鍎夸笉鏂湴缁�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="45">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(45) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">38</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 涔犺瀹屾暣鍙ワ紝杩欐牱寰�寰�鑳借捣鍒颁簨鍗婂姛鍊嶇殑鏁堟灉銆傚湪娲诲姩杩囩▼涓紝鏁欏笀搴旇鍏堣骞煎効涓诲姩鐢ㄥ畬鏁村彞瀛愯〃杈撅紝褰撳彂鐜板叾琛ㄨ揪涓嶆伆褰撶殑鏃跺�欙紝鏁欏笀鍐嶅幓鎻愰啋銆佽ˉ鍏咃紝杩欐牱鏈夊姪浜庡辜鍎跨煡閬撹嚜宸辩殑闂鎵�鍦紝骞舵槑纭浣曚慨姝ｃ��
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">鐩稿叧閾炬帴</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-5-1">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="../../images/tb-5.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <span class="zt-ls1"
+ >鑳藉鎻愰珮骞煎効璇█鑳藉姏鐨勬皯闂存父鎴�<a id="w7"></a
+ ><a href="chapter002.html#m7"><sup>[7]</sup></a></span
+ >
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1.鎷嶆墜姝屻�傛父鎴忓紑濮嬪墠锛屼袱浜洪潰瀵归潰鍧愬ソ鎴栫珯绔嬨�備袱浜哄厛鍚勮嚜鍦ㄨ兏鍓嶆媿涓�涓嬭嚜宸辩殑鎵嬶紝鎺ョ潃涓や汉鐨勫彸鎵嬩簰鎷嶏紝闅忓嵆涓や汉鍐嶅悇鑷湪鑳稿墠鎷嶄竴涓嬭嚜宸辩殑鎵嬶紝鐒跺悗涓や汉鐨勫乏鎵嬩簰鎷嶏紝寰幆寰�澶嶃�傚湪娓告垙杩囩▼涓紝涓や汉涓�杈规媿鎵嬶紝涓�杈瑰敱璇垫瓕璋ｏ紝鎷嶆墜鑺傚瑕佸拰娓告垙姝岃妭濂忕浉鍗忚皟銆傛媿閿欑殑浜轰究杈撲簡娓告垙锛岃鎺ュ彈瀵规柟鐨勬儵缃氥��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2.鎷夊ぇ閿�傛媺澶ч敮鏄湪鎴戝浗鍚勫湴鍚勬皯鏃忎腑娴佷紶骞挎硾鐨勪竴绉嶆皯闂翠紶缁熸父鎴忥紝鏈夌殑鍦版柟绉板叾涓衡�滅瓫閿ｂ�濇垨鈥滅瓫閿ｉ敚鈥濄�備竴鑸槸澶т汉鍦ㄥ搫骞煎効鏃跺父鐜╃殑娓告垙锛屼篃鍙互鏄袱涓瀛愪箣闂寸殑娓告垙銆傛父鎴忔椂锛屾父鎴忚�呴潰瀵归潰鍧愮潃锛屽弻鎵嬩竴鎷変竴閫佸湴鍋氱潃閿湪宸ヤ汉閿湪澶寸殑鍔ㄤ綔锛岃竟鍋氬姩浣滆竟鍞扁�滄媺澶ч敮鈥濈璋ｏ紝涓�鎷変竴閫侊紝涓�鍞变竴绛斻��
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk2">
+ <p class="center"><b>鏈珷灏忕粨</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 鏈珷涓哄辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勫熀纭�閮ㄥ垎锛屼笉浠呭骞煎効璇█瀛︿範鐨勭浉鍏崇悊璁恒�佸奖鍝嶅洜绱犲仛浜嗙畝瑕佹杩帮紝杩樺氨0锝�6宀佸辜鍎胯瑷�鍙戝睍鐗圭偣鍜屾暀鑲茶鐐瑰仛浜嗙郴缁熼槓杩般�傚叧浜庡辜鍎胯瑷�瀛︿範锛屽敖绠′笉鍚岀悊璁烘祦娲惧垎姝у緢澶э紝浣嗘墍鏈夎鐐归兘鏈変竴瀹氬彲鍙栦箣澶勶紝涔熸湁鍊煎緱鍙嶆�濈殑鍦版柟锛屽笀鐢熷簲璇ョ患鍚堢湅寰呭悇绉嶇悊璁虹殑涓嶅悓瑙傜偣锛屽彇鍏剁簿鍗庯紝鍘诲叾绯熺矔銆傚辜鍎胯瑷�瀛︿範涓嶄粎鍙楀埌鍏堝ぉ鍥犵礌鐨勫奖鍝嶏紝杩樹細鍙楀埌蹇冪悊鍥犵礌銆佺ぞ浼氬洜绱犮�佹暀鑲插拰绗﹀彿鏈韩鐨勫奖鍝嶏紝骞煎効鏁欏笀搴旇缁煎悎鎶婃彙杩欎簺褰卞搷鍥犵礌锛屼负骞煎効鍒涜鑹ソ鐨勮瑷�鍙戝睍鐜銆備笉鍚屽勾榫勯樁娈碉紝璇█鍙戝睍鍚勬湁鐗圭偣锛屾暀鑲茬瓥鐣ュ簲寤虹珛鍦ㄥ骞煎効璇█鍙戝睍鐞嗚В鐨勫熀纭�涔嬩笂銆傚彧鏈夌瀛︽妸鎻″悇骞撮緞闃舵骞煎効璇█鐨勫彂灞曠壒鐐癸紝鎵嶈兘鎻愪緵閫傚疁骞煎効鍙戝睍鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛锛屽府鍔╁辜鍎垮疄鐜拌瑷�姘村钩鐨勬彁鍗囥��
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ <p><span class="zt-1">鍏抽敭鏈</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-8">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-3" alt="" src="../../images/tb-9.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">璇█鍙戝睍鍏堝ぉ璁�</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">鐜璁�</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">鐩镐簰浣滅敤璁�</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">璇煶鏁欒偛</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">璇嶆眹鏁欒偛</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">璇硶鏁欒偛</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m7"></a><a href="chapter002.html#w7">[7]</a>
+ 鏋楃户瀵�.涓浗姘戦棿娓告垙鎬绘眹锛氳瑷�鏂囧瓧鍗穂M].闀挎矙锛氭箹鍗楁枃鑹哄嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2016锛�329锛�350.鏈夋敼鍔ㄣ��
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="46">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(46) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗簩绔� 瀛﹀墠鍎跨璇█鍙戝睍鏁欒偛</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">39</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ <span class="zt-2">鎬�</span><span class="zt-3">鑰�</span
+ ><span class="zt-2">棰�</span>
+ </p>
+ <div class="tp-9">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-6" alt="" src="../../images/tb-10.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p>1.绠�杩板叿鏈変唬琛ㄦ�х殑瀛﹀墠鍎跨璇█鑾峰緱鐞嗚銆�</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p>2.涓句緥璇存槑瀛﹀墠鍎跨璇█鍙戝睍鐨勫奖鍝嶅洜绱犮��</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p>3.绠�杩�0锝�3宀佸効绔ヨ瑷�鍙戝睍鐨勭壒鐐广��</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p>4.闃愯堪鍩瑰吇骞煎効璇村畬鏁村彞鐨勪富瑕佺瓥鐣ャ��</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj4">瀹炶缁冧範</span></p>
+ <p>
+ 瑙傚療鏌愬勾榫勫辜鍎夸翰瀛愬崐鏃ユ椿鍔紝璁板綍瀹堕暱浣跨敤鈥滃効璇�濇儏鍐碉紝璇稿鈥滃悆楗キ鈥濃�滃紑杞﹁溅鈥濈瓑銆傛挵鍐欒瀵熸姤鍛婂苟闃愰噴浣犲杩欑鐜拌薄鐨勭悊瑙ｃ��
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="left1">
+ <span class="zt-3">鎷�</span><span class="zt-2">灞�</span
+ ><span class="zt-3">闃�</span><span class="zt-2">璇�</span>
+ </p>
+ <div class="tp-10">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-6" alt="" src="../../images/tb-11.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 1.褰亙榫�.姹夎鍎跨璇█鍙戝睍涓庝績杩涳蓟M锛�.鍖椾含锛氫汉姘戞暀鑲插嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2008.
+ </p>
+ <p class="block">
+ 鏈功姹囬泦浜嗗鑰呬滑鍦ㄢ�滄眽璇効绔ヨ瑷�鍙戝睍涓庝績杩涒�濊棰樹腑鎵�鍙栧緱鐨勪竴浜涗富瑕佺爺绌舵垚鏋滐紝涔熼�夊叆浜嗗湪鈥滄眽璇鐭ヤ笌姹夎瀛︿範鈥濊棰樹腑鐨勯儴鍒嗘垚鏋溿�傚叏涔﹀垎鎴愪簲缂栵紝绗竴缂栦粙缁嶄簡鍎跨鍏冭瑷�鎰忚瘑鐨勫彂灞曪紝绗簩缂栦粙缁嶄簡鍎跨璇嶆眹鐨勫彂灞曪紝绗笁缂栦粙缁嶄簡鍎跨璇█鍙戝睍鐨勪績杩涙潯浠讹紝绗洓缂栦粙缁嶄簡璇█鐨勭敓鐗╁鍩虹锛岀浜旂紪浠嬬粛浜嗚瑷�闅滅鐨勭爺绌躲�傚叏涔﹀3锝�6宀佸辜鍎胯瑷�鍙戝睍涓庢暀鑲蹭腑鐨勫緢澶氶棶棰橀兘鏈夊瑙傝�屼赴瀵岀殑璁鸿堪锛屾涔﹀唴瀹规槸瀵规湰绔犵煡璇嗙殑琛ュ厖涓庡欢浼革紝璇昏�呰鐪熺爺璇绘涔︽湁鍔╀簬褰㈡垚姣旇緝瀹屾暣銆佸瑙傜殑璇█鏁欒偛瑙傘��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2.鏉ㄧ孩鏁忥紝闄堣嫳锛岀帇灏忕孩.骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛浼犳壙涓崕浼犵粺鏂囧寲鐮旂┒鐑偣鍜岃秼鍔匡細鍩轰簬Cite
+ Space 5.6.R5鐨勫彲瑙嗗寲鍒嗘瀽[J].涔愬北甯堣寖瀛﹂櫌瀛︽姤锛�2021锛�5锛�.
+ </p>
+ <p class="block">
+ 鏈枃涓昏杩愮敤鏂囩尞璁￠噺娉曞拰绉戝鐭ヨ瘑鍥捐氨鏂规硶闃愯堪浜嗗辜鍎垮洯璇█鏁欒偛浼犳壙涓崕浼犵粺鏂囧寲鐮旂┒鐨勬椂绌哄垎甯冦�佸彂灞曞巻绋嬨�佸彂灞曚环鍊笺�佺爺绌跺唴瀹广�佹椿鍔ㄧ瓥鐣ョ瓑鍐呭銆傝鑰呴�氳繃闃呰鏈枃锛岃兘澶熷杩涘璇█鏁欒偛鍦ㄤ紶鎵夸腑鍗庝紶缁熸枃鍖栨柟闈㈣捣浣滅敤鐨勮鍚岋紝鍔犳繁瀵硅瑷�涓庢枃鍖栦箣闂村叧绯荤殑璁よ瘑銆�
+ </p>
+ <p class="block">
+ 銆婇珮绛夊鏍¤绋嬫�濇斂寤鸿鎸囧绾茶銆嬪湪璇剧▼鎬濇斂寤鸿鐨勭洰鏍囪姹傚拰鍐呭閲嶇偣涓槑纭彁鍑猴紝鏁欏笀搴斿姞寮轰腑鍗庝紭绉�浼犵粺鏂囧寲鏁欒偛銆傛暀甯堝簲澶у姏寮樻壃浠ョ埍鍥戒富涔変负鏍稿績鐨勬皯鏃忕簿绁炲拰浠ユ敼闈╁垱鏂颁负鏍稿績鐨勬椂浠ｇ簿绁烇紝鏁欒偛寮曞瀛︾敓娣卞埢鐞嗚В涓崕浼樼浼犵粺鏂囧寲涓浠佺埍銆侀噸姘戞湰銆佸畧璇氫俊銆佸磭姝ｄ箟銆佸皻鍜屽悎銆佹眰澶у悓鐨勬�濇兂绮惧崕鍜屾椂浠ｄ环鍊硷紝鏁欒偛寮曞瀛︾敓浼犳壙涓崕鏂囪剦锛屽瘜鏈変腑鍥藉績銆侀ケ鍚腑鍥芥儏銆佸厖婊′腑鍥藉懗銆傚辜鍎挎暀甯堟槸鍩瑰吇骞煎効鈥滀腑鍥芥儏鎬�鈥濈殑涓讳綋锛屾暀甯堣瀵瑰辜鍎垮洯璇█鏁欒偛鍦ㄤ紶鎵夸腑鍗庝紶缁熸枃鍖栦腑鐨勪环鍊笺�佹柟娉曟湁鏄庣‘鎶婃彙銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+</template>
+
+<script>
+export default {
+ name: "chapter002",
+ props: {
+ showPageList: {
+ type: Array,
+ },
+ },
+
+ data() {
+ return {
+ chapter001: {},
+ example: [
+ {
+ isComplete: false,
+ isShowAnswer: false,
+ unit: [
+ {
+ txt: "1宀佸崐鐨勫効绔ユ兂缁欏濡堝悆楗煎共鏃讹紝浼氳锛氣�滃濡堚�濃�滈ゼ鈥濃�滃悆鈥濆苟鎶婇ゼ骞查�掕繃鍘伙紝杩欒〃鏄庤闃舵鍎跨璇█鍙戝睍鐨勪竴涓富瑕佺壒鐐规槸锛堛��銆�锛�",
+ isRight: null,
+ answer: "A",
+ userAnswer: "",
+ option: [
+ {
+ txt: "鐢垫姤鍙�",
+ value: "A",
+ },
+ {
+ txt: "瀹屾暣鍙�",
+ value: "B",
+ },
+ {
+ txt: "鍗曡瘝鍙�",
+ value: "C",
+ },
+ {
+ txt: "绠�鍗曞彞",
+ value: "D",
+ },
+ ],
+ },
+ ],
+ },
+ {
+ isComplete: false,
+ isShowAnswer: false,
+ unit: [
+ {
+ txt: "鍎跨瀛︿範璇█鐨勫叧閿湡鏄紙銆�銆�锛�",
+ isRight: null,
+ answer: "B",
+ userAnswer: "",
+ option: [
+ {
+ txt: "0锝�1宀�",
+ value: "A",
+ },
+ {
+ txt: "1锝�3宀�",
+ value: "B",
+ },
+ {
+ txt: "3锝�6宀�",
+ value: "C",
+ },
+ {
+ txt: "5锝�6宀�",
+ value: "D",
+ },
+ ],
+ },
+ ],
+ },
+ {
+ isComplete: false,
+ isShowAnswer: false,
+ unit: [
+ {
+ txt: "2锝�6宀佸効绔ユ帉鎻＄殑璇嶆眹鏁伴噺杩呴�熷鍔狅紝璇嶇被鑼冨洿涓嶆柇鎵╁ぇ锛岃鏃舵湡鍎跨鎺屾彙璇嶆眹鐨勯『搴忛�氬父鏄紙銆�銆�锛�",
+ isRight: null,
+ answer: "C",
+ userAnswer: "",
+ option: [
+ {
+ txt: "鍔ㄨ瘝銆佸悕璇嶃�佸舰瀹硅瘝",
+ value: "A",
+ },
+ {
+ txt: "鍔ㄨ瘝銆佸舰瀹硅瘝銆佸悕璇�",
+ value: "B",
+ },
+ {
+ txt: "鍚嶈瘝銆佸姩璇嶃�佸舰瀹硅瘝",
+ value: "C",
+ },
+ {
+ txt: "褰㈠璇嶃�佸姩璇嶃�佸悕璇�",
+ value: "D",
+ },
+ ],
+ },
+ ],
+ },
+ ],
+ };
+ },
+ methods: {
+ setBookQuestion() {
+ this.$emit("setBookQuestion", this.chapter001);
+ },
+ goExample(example) {
+ for (let index = 0; index < example.unit.length; index++) {
+ const item = example.unit[index];
+ if (item.userAnswer == item.answer) {
+ item.isRight = true;
+ } else {
+ item.isRight = false;
+ }
+ }
+ example.isComplete = true;
+ example.isShowAnswer = true;
+ },
+ changeExample(example, key) {
+ localStorage.removeItem("toddleGame-book-chapter01-" + key);
+ for (let index = 0; index < example.unit.length; index++) {
+ const item = example.unit[index];
+ item.userAnswer = "";
+ item.isRight = null;
+ }
+ example.isComplete = false;
+ example.isShowAnswer = false;
+ },
+ saveExample(key, example) {
+ localStorage.setItem(
+ "toddleGame-book-chapter01-" + key,
+ JSON.stringify(example)
+ );
+ },
+ },
+};
+</script>
diff --git a/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter003.vue b/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter003.vue
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..de44021
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter003.vue
@@ -0,0 +1,1482 @@
+<template>
+ <div class="chapter" num="4">
+ <div class="page-box" page="47">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(47) > -1">
+ <div class="bodystyle" style="padding-top: 560px">
+ <h1 id="a010">
+ <img class="img-0 coverImg" alt="" src="../../images/z3.jpg" />
+ </h1>
+ <h6>瀛︿範鐩爣鈻�</h6>
+ <p>
+ 1.浜嗚В骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐩爣鍒跺畾鐨勪緷鎹紝鎺屾彙鍒跺畾璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐩爣鏃跺簲閬靛惊鐨勫熀鏈姹傘��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2.浜嗚В閫夋嫨骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鍐呭鐨勪緷鎹紝骞舵槑纭笉鍚屽勾榫勬骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐨勫叿浣撳唴瀹硅姹傘��
+ </p>
+ <p>3.鎺屾彙骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐨勬柟娉曪紝骞跺湪瀹炶返涓纭繍鐢ㄣ��</p>
+ <p>4.浜嗚В骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐨勯�斿緞锛屽苟鑳藉璁捐瀹屾暣鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩銆�</p>
+ <h6>瀛︿範瀵煎浘鈻�</h6>
+ <p class="center openImgBox">
+ <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../../images/0060-1.jpg" />
+ </p>
+ <h6>瀵煎叆妗堜緥鈻�</h6>
+ <p>1.鐞嗚В鏁呬簨鍐呭锛屽杩版晠浜嬫儏鑺傘��</p>
+ <p>2.浜嗚В鍑犵鍏稿瀷鍔ㄧ墿鐨勭敓娲荤壒寰併��</p>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄦ椿鍔ㄤ腑锛屽辜鍎胯〃鐜版椿璺冿紝鏈変笉灏戝辜鍎垮湪鐞嗚В鏁呬簨鎯呰妭鐨勫熀纭�涓婄敋鑷宠兘澶熺画缂栨晠浜嬨�傛椿鍔ㄧ粨鏉熷悗锛屾湁鐨勮�佸笀璁や负锛屽紶鑰佸笀鐨勬椿鍔ㄤ綋鐜颁簡銆�3锝�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="48">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(48) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">
+ 绗笁绔� 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐨勭洰鏍囥�佸唴瀹广�佹柟娉曚笌閫斿緞
+ </li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">41</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 6宀佸効绔ュ涔犱笌鍙戝睍鎸囧崡銆嬪骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐨勮姹傦紝鏄竴娆￠潪甯告垚鍔熺殑鏁欒偛娲诲姩锛涙湁鐨勮�佸笀鍗磋涓猴紝銆�3锝�6宀佸効绔ュ涔犱笌鍙戝睍鎸囧崡銆嬩腑缁紪鎴栨敼缂栨晠浜嬫槸澶х彮骞煎効鐨勮瑷�鍙戝睍鐩爣锛屽紶鑰佸笀鐨勬椿鍔ㄤ笉绗﹀悎涓婅堪鏂囦欢鐨勮姹傘��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄨ璁″辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鏃讹紝搴旇濡備綍鏉ヨ瀹氳瑷�鏁欒偛鐩爣锛屽張渚濇嵁浠�涔堟潵閫夋嫨璇█鏁欒偛鍐呭鍛紵杩欎簺鏁欒偛鐩爣鍜屽唴瀹圭殑閫傚疁鎬у簲璇ヤ粠鍝簺鏂归潰鏉ュ垎鏋愬憿锛熷甫鐫�杩欎簺闂锛屾垜浠竴璧锋潵瀛︿範鏈珷鐨勫唴瀹广��
+ </p>
+ <h2 id="b006">绗竴鑺傘��骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐨勭洰鏍�</h2>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐨勭洰鏍囨槸骞煎効鏁欒偛鎬荤洰鏍囧湪璇█棰嗗煙鐨勫叿浣撳寲锛屾槸瀵瑰辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鐩殑鍜岃姹傜殑褰掔撼鎬荤粨锛屽畠鎸囧嚭浜嗛�氳繃骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鎵�瑕佽揪鍒扮殑棰勬湡鏁堟灉锛屾槸瀛﹀墠鏃舵湡瀹炴柦璇█鏁欒偛鐨勬柟鍚戝拰鍑嗗垯銆傜編鍥藉績鐞嗗瀹跺竷椴佸锛圔enjamin
+ Bloom锛夋寚鍑猴紝鏈夋晥鐨勫涔犲浜庡噯纭湴鐭ラ亾鎵�瑕佽揪鍒扮殑鐩爣鏄粈涔堛�傚洜姝わ紝鍦ㄥ紑灞曞辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛涔嬪墠锛屽繀椤昏鏄庣‘锛岄�氳繃骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛锛屾垜浠浣垮辜鍎垮湪璇█鏂归潰鍙戠敓鍝簺鍙樺寲锛岃幏寰椾粈涔堟牱鐨勫彂灞曪紝杈惧埌鎬庢牱鐨勬按骞炽�備篃灏辨槸璇撮鍏堣纭珛绉戝鍚堢悊鐨勫辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鐩爣銆�
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c014">涓�銆佸辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鐩爣鍒跺畾鐨勪緷鎹�</h3>
+ <p>
+ 浠讳綍鏁欒偛鐩爣鐨勭‘绔嬮兘闇�瑕佹湁瀹㈣鐨勪緷鎹紝骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛涔熶笉渚嬪銆傚辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鐩爣鏄敱骞煎効鏁欒偛鐨勫熀鏈渶姹傚拰骞煎効璇█鍙戝睍鐨勮寰嬪叡鍚屽喅瀹氱殑锛岀‘绔嬪辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鐩爣鐨勪富瑕佷緷鎹涓嬨��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d031">锛堜竴锛夊辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鐩殑</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欒偛鐩爣鏄暀鑲茬洰鐨勭殑鍏蜂綋琛ㄧ幇锛岃瑷�鏁欒偛鐩爣鐨勫埗瀹氫綋鐜颁簡鏁欒偛鐩殑鐨勮瀹氫笌瑕佹眰銆備粠涓嶅悓鐨勬暀鑲茬洰鐨勫嚭鍙戝埗瀹氱殑鏁欒偛鐩爣涔熶笉鐩稿悓銆傚辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鐩殑鏄寚寮曞辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛瀹炶返鐨勬棗甯滃拰鏂瑰悜锛屽埗瀹氱殑鏁欒偛鐩爣搴旀湇鍔′簬鏁欒偛鐩殑鐨勫疄鐜般�備緥濡傦紝鏌愭墍骞煎効鍥负甯姪骞煎効椤哄埄閫氳繃灏忓鍏ュ娴嬭瘯锛屽湪骞煎効鍥樁娈佃繘琛屼簡澶ч噺鐨勬眽瀛椾功鍐欑粌涔狅紱鍙︿竴鎵�骞煎効鍥紑灞曡瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勭洰鐨勬槸鍙戝睍骞煎効鐨勮瑷�鑳藉姏锛屾洿閲嶈寮曞骞煎効鍦ㄦ椿鍔ㄥ拰娓告垙涓彂灞曞叾鍊惧惉銆佽〃杈句笌浜ゆ祦鐨勮兘鍔涖�傝�屽辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勭洰鐨勬槸浣垮辜鍎夸範寰楄鑼冪殑璇█锛屽苟涓斿湪鍙嶅鐨勭粌涔犲拰杩愮敤涓吇鎴愯鑼冧娇鐢ㄨ瑷�鐨勪範鎯�傚洜姝わ紝骞煎効鏁欒偛宸ヤ綔鑰呭簲璇ユ槑纭辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勬牳蹇冧环鍊艰拷姹傦紝浠庡辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勭洰鐨勫嚭鍙戞潵鍒跺畾璇█鏁欒偛鐨勭洰鏍囥��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d032">锛堜簩锛夊辜鍎胯瑷�鍙戝睍瑙勫緥</h4>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鏈熸槸璇█杩呴�熷彂灞曠殑鏃舵湡锛屽湪杩欎竴鏃舵湡锛屽辜鍎跨殑璇█鍙戝睍鍏锋湁鍝簺娼滃姏锛岃兘杈惧埌鎬庢牱鐨勬按骞筹紝瀵圭‘绔嬪辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鐩爣鏈夌洿鎺ョ殑褰卞搷銆傜洰鍓嶆湁鍏冲辜鍎胯瑷�鍙�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="49">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(49) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">42</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 灞曠殑鐮旂┒鎴愭灉宸茬粡涓烘垜浠彁渚涗簡鍚勭淇℃伅锛岃兘澶熷府鍔╂垜浠悊瑙ｄ笉鍚屾椂鏈熷辜鍎胯瑷�鍙戝睍鐨勬櫘閬嶆�х壒寰併�佷釜浣撳樊寮傘�佸辜鍎胯瑷�鍙戝睍鐨勯渶瑕併�佸辜鍎跨殑鍏磋叮銆備簡瑙ｃ�佹帉鎻″苟閬靛惊杩欎簺鏈夊叧骞煎効璇█鍙戝睍鐨勮寰嬶紝鏈夊姪浜庢垜浠埗瀹氬嚭鏃㈢鍚堝辜鍎胯瑷�鍙戝睍鐗圭偣鍙堣兘澶熶績杩涘辜鍎胯瑷�鎸佺画鍙戝睍鐨勬暀鑲茬洰鏍囥��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 渚濇嵁骞煎効璇█鍙戝睍鐨勭壒鐐瑰拰瑙勫緥鍒跺畾骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐩爣锛屽簲鍧氭寔浠ヤ笅鍑犵偣銆傞鍏堬紝骞煎効鐨勫彂灞曟槸鏁翠綋鍙戝睍锛岃娉ㄩ噸棰嗗煙涔嬮棿銆佺洰鏍囦箣闂寸殑鐩镐簰娓楅�忓拰鏁村悎銆備篃灏辨槸璇达紝鍦ㄥ紑灞曡瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勮繃绋嬩腑锛岄櫎浜嗚�冭檻璇█鏂归潰鐨勫彂灞曚互澶栵紝杩樺簲鑰冭檻骞煎効鍏朵粬鏂归潰鐨勫彂灞曪紝鎴戜滑鎻愬嚭鐨勬暀鑲茬洰鏍囧簲鏄叏闈㈢殑銆佺患鍚堟�х殑锛屽簲鍖呮嫭鎯呮劅鎬佸害銆佽鐭ョ粡楠屻�佽兘鍔涙妧鑳界瓑澶氭柟闈㈢殑鏁欒偛瑕佹眰銆傚叾娆★紝骞煎効璇█鐨勫彂灞曞叿鏈夋槑鏄剧殑骞撮緞鐗瑰緛鍜屼釜浣撳樊寮傘�備笉鍚屽勾榫勯樁娈电殑骞煎効璁ょ煡缁撴瀯鏈夋墍涓嶅悓锛屾瘡涓�骞撮緞闃舵閮芥湁鍏剁嫭鐗圭殑璁ょ煡缁撴瀯锛岃〃鐜板嚭涓庡墠鍚庡悇闃舵涓嶅悓鐨勮鐭ヨ兘鍔涖�傚姞涔嬪悓涓�骞撮緞闃舵鐨勫辜鍎匡紝鐢变簬閬椾紶銆佺ぞ浼氱敓娲绘潯浠躲�佹棭鏈熷涔犵粡楠岀瓑鏂归潰鐨勪笉鍚岋紝鍦ㄥ彂灞曟按骞炽�佸彂灞曢�熷害銆佽鐭ョ粨鏋勫拰瀛︿範椋庢牸绛夋柟闈篃瀛樺湪鐫�寰堝ぇ鐨勫樊寮傘�傚洜姝わ紝鏁欒偛鑰呰涓嶄粎閽堝涓嶅悓骞撮緞闃舵鐨勫辜鍎挎彁鍑轰笉鍚岀殑璇█鏁欒偛鐩爣锛屽悓鏃惰繕搴旈拡瀵瑰辜鍎跨殑瀹為檯璇█鍙戝睍姘村钩鍜屼釜浣撳樊寮傛彁鍑洪�傚疁鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛鐩爣锛屼互淇冭繘鍏跺湪鍘熸湁姘村钩鍩虹涓婅幏寰楁洿濂界殑鍙戝睍銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d033">锛堜笁锛夊辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛瀛︾鑷韩鐨勬�ц川</h4>
+ <p>
+ 璇█浣滀负骞煎効鍥簲澶ч鍩熸暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄧ殑鍐呭涔嬩竴锛屾湁鍏剁嫭鐗圭殑鏁欒偛鍔熻兘鍜岄�昏緫缁撴瀯銆備粠鏃╂湡璇█鏁欒偛鐨勮搴︽潵鐪嬶紝璇█鏃㈡槸骞煎効瀛︿範鐨勫璞″張鏄辜鍎垮涔犲叾浠栧唴瀹圭殑宸ュ叿銆備竴鏂归潰锛岃瑷�鎵胯浇鐫�涓�瀹氱殑鎬濇兂鍜屾枃鍖栵紝骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛搴斾紶閫掔鍚堝辜鍎胯鐭ヨ寰嬬殑銆佸辜鍎挎墍鑳芥帉鎻＄殑銆佸鍏跺績鐞嗗彂灞曟湁绉瀬浣滅敤鐨勭煡璇嗕綋绯伙紱鍙︿竴鏂归潰锛屽辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛涓嶄互鎺屾彙瀛︾鐭ヨ瘑鍜屼笓闂ㄧ殑鎶�鑳戒负涓昏鐩殑锛屾敞閲嶇殑鏄彁楂樺辜鍎胯瑷�鐨勫熀鏈礌璐紝骞舵帹鍔ㄥ叾浠栭鍩熺殑瀛︿範涓庡彂灞曘��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 渚濇嵁骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛瀛︾鐨勭壒鐐癸紝鍒跺畾鏁欒偛鐩爣鏃跺簲娉ㄦ剰浠ヤ笅鍑犱釜鏂归潰銆傜涓�锛屽簲璇ユ槑纭辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勬渶缁堢洰鏍囨槸淇冭繘骞煎効璇█杩愮敤鑳藉姏鐨勫彂灞曪紝鑰屼笉鏄幏寰楀ぇ閲忕殑璇█鐭ヨ瘑銆傜浜岋紝搴旀敞鎰忚瑷�鏁欒偛鐩爣鐨勬暣浣撴�э紝闄や簡鍖呮嫭璇█鐭ヨ瘑鐨勫涔犮�佽瑷�鎶�鑳界殑璁粌澶栵紝杩樺簲鍏虫敞骞煎効鎯呮劅鎬佸害銆佸涔犵瓥鐣ヤ互鍙婃枃鍖栨剰璇嗙瓑鏂归潰鐨勭患鍚堝彂灞曘�傜涓夛紝鍦ㄧ‘绔嬭瑷�鏁欒偛鐩爣鏃跺繀椤诲厖鍒嗚�冭檻璇█鐨勫绉戠煡璇嗗強鍏跺骞煎効鐨勬暀鑲插姛鑳藉拰浠峰�硷紝灏婇噸骞煎効璇█瀛︿範鐨勫績鐞嗚寰嬪拰鐗圭偣锛岀‘绔嬮�傚疁鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛鐩爣銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 瀹炶返璇佹槑锛屽彧鏈夐伒寰辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勭洰鐨勪互鍙婂辜鍎胯瑷�鍙戝睍鐨勭壒鐐逛笌瑙勫緥锛屽苟鍏呭垎鑰冭檻璇█鏁欒偛鐨勫绉戠壒鎬э紝鎵嶈兘淇濊瘉鍒跺畾鍑烘渶绉戝鏈�鍚堢悊鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛鐩爣锛屼績杩涘辜鍎胯韩蹇冨仴搴峰拰鍏ㄩ潰鍙戝睍銆�
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c015">浜屻�佸辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鐩爣鐨勫眰娆＄粨鏋�</h3>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欒偛鐞嗚涓庡疄璺靛憡璇夋垜浠紝鏁欒偛鐩爣鎬绘槸鍏锋湁涓�瀹氱殑缁撴瀯銆傚湪涓嶅悓鐨勫垎绫绘爣鍑嗕笅锛屽辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鐩爣鏈夌潃涓嶅悓鐨勫垎绫荤粨鏋勩�備粠骞煎効璇█鍩瑰吇鐨勭洰鏍囧眰娆℃潵鐪嬶紝涓�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="50">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(50) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">
+ 绗笁绔� 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐨勭洰鏍囥�佸唴瀹广�佹柟娉曚笌閫斿緞
+ </li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">43</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 瑕佸寘鎷辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勬�荤洰鏍囥�佸勾榫勯樁娈电洰鏍囧拰鍏蜂綋娲诲姩鐩爣涓変釜灞傛銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d034">锛堜竴锛夊辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鎬荤洰鏍�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鎬荤洰鏍囧睘浜庣涓�灞傛鐨勭洰鏍囷紝鏄浗瀹剁殑鏁欒偛鏂归拡鍦ㄨ繖涓椂鏈熺殑鍏蜂綋浣撶幇锛屾槸璇█鏁欒偛鎵�鏈熸湜鐨勬渶缁堢粨鏋滐紝鏄鍓嶉樁娈佃瑷�鏁欒偛浠诲姟鍜岃姹傜殑缁煎悎锛屾槸瀵瑰辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鐩爣鏈�涓烘鎷殑闄堣堪锛屾槸鍏朵粬灞傛鐩爣鐨勫熀纭�銆傜洰鍓嶏紝骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐨勬�荤洰鏍囦富瑕佷互2001骞撮甯冪殑銆婂辜鍎垮洯鏁欒偛鎸囧绾茶锛堣瘯琛岋級銆嬶紙绠�绉般�婄翰瑕併�嬶級鍙�2012骞撮甯冪殑銆�3锝�6宀佸効绔ュ涔犱笌鍙戝睍鎸囧崡銆嬶紙绠�绉般�婃寚鍗椼�嬶級涓轰緷鎹埗瀹氥��
+ </p>
+ <p>銆婄翰瑕併�嬪璇█棰嗗煙鐨勬暀鑲茬洰鏍囪〃杩颁负锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">鈶犱箰鎰忎笌浜轰氦璋堬紝璁茶瘽绀艰矊锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">鈶℃敞鎰忓�惧惉瀵规柟璁茶瘽锛岃兘鐞嗚В鏃ュ父鐢ㄨ锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">鈶㈣兘娓呮鍦拌鍑鸿嚜宸辨兂璇寸殑浜嬶紱</p>
+ <p class="block">鈶ｅ枩娆㈠惉鏁呬簨銆佺湅鍥句功锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">鈶よ兘鍚噦鍜屼細璇存櫘閫氳瘽銆�</p>
+ <p>銆婃寚鍗椼�嬪皢璇█棰嗗煙鐨勫涔犵洰鏍囪〃杩颁负锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">鈶犲�惧惉涓庤〃杈撅細</p>
+ <p class="block">鐩爣1锛岃鐪熷惉骞惰兘鍚噦甯哥敤璇█锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">鐩爣2锛屾効鎰忚璇濆苟鑳芥竻妤氬湴琛ㄨ揪锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">鐩爣3锛屽叿鏈夋枃鏄庣殑璇█涔犳儻銆�</p>
+ <p class="block">鈶￠槄璇讳笌涔﹀啓鍑嗗锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">鐩爣1锛屽枩娆㈠惉鏁呬簨锛岀湅鍥句功锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">鐩爣2锛屽叿鏈夊垵姝ョ殑闃呰鐞嗚В鑳藉姏锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">鐩爣3锛屽叿鏈変功闈㈣〃杈剧殑鎰挎湜鍜屽垵姝ヤ功闈㈣〃杈剧殑鎶�鑳姐��</p>
+ <p>
+ 浠庛�婄翰瑕併�嬪強銆婃寚鍗椼�嬩腑骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐨勭洰鏍囧彲浠ョ湅鍑猴紝鐩墠鎴戝浗鐨勫辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛浠庢�讳綋涓婂憟鐜板嚭浠ヤ笅鍑犱釜鐗圭偣銆傜涓�锛屽�″蹇箰瀛︿範锛屽叧娉ㄥ辜鍎垮湪璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩涓弬涓庣殑绉瀬鎬у拰鍏磋叮锛涚浜岋紝鍏虫敞瀛︿範杩囩▼锛屽己璋冨湪骞煎効杩愮敤璇█鐨勮繃绋嬩腑鎵╁睍骞煎効鐨勮瑷�缁忛獙锛屽彂灞曞辜鍎垮惉璇磋鍐欑殑鑳藉姏锛涚涓夛紝閲嶈鍏抽敭缁忛獙锛屽府鍔╁辜鍎垮湪璇█鏁欒偛涓寔缁幏鍙栨湁浠峰�肩殑璇█缁忛獙鍜岃兘鍔涳紱绗洓锛岄噸瑙嗘棭鏈熼槄璇伙紝鍊″鍒╃敤鍥句功銆佺粯鐢荤瓑澶氱鏂瑰紡锛屽紩鍙戝辜鍎跨殑闃呰銆佷功鍐欏叴瓒ｏ紱绗簲锛屽叧娉ㄨ瑷�鐜锛屾彁鍊′负骞煎効鍒涜鏀寔鎬х殑銆佺湡瀹炶嚜鐒剁殑璇█鏁欒偛鐜锛涚鍏紝寮鸿皟鏁村悎璇剧▼锛岄噸瑙嗗辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛涓庣ぞ浼氥�佸仴搴枫�佺瀛︺�佽壓鏈瓑鍏朵粬棰嗗煙鐨勬湁鏈虹粨鍚堜笌娓楅�忥紝浣垮辜鍎跨殑璇█寰楀埌鍏ㄦ柟浣嶇殑鍙戝睍銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d035">锛堜簩锛夊辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛骞撮緞闃舵鐩爣</h4>
+ <p>
+ 骞撮緞闃舵鐩爣灞炰簬绗簩灞傛鐨勭洰鏍囷紝鏄�荤洰鏍囧湪鍚勫勾榫勬涓婄殑鍏蜂綋浣撶幇锛屼篃鏄涓嶅悓骞撮緞骞煎効璇█鍙戝睍鎻愬嚭鐨勫叿浣撹姹傘�備竴鏂归潰锛屽皢璇█鏁欒偛鎬荤洰鏍囧垎瑙ｄ负姣忎竴涓勾榫勯樁娈靛辜鍎块渶瑕佹帉鎻＄殑鍏蜂綋鐩爣锛屾墠鑳芥洿鍔犲噯纭湴鎶婃彙骞煎効璇█鍙戝睍鐨勬按骞冲拰
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="51">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(51) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">44</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鐘跺喌锛屽府鍔╁辜鍎垮湪涓婁竴闃舵璇█鍙戝睍鐨勫熀纭�涓婅幏寰楁柊鐨勫彂灞曪紱鍙︿竴鏂归潰锛屽辜鍎挎墍瑕佽揪鍒扮殑璇█鍩瑰吇鎬荤洰鏍囬渶瑕侀�愭鍦拌惤瀹炲埌涓嶅悓骞撮緞闃舵骞煎効韬笂锛屾墍浠ユ�荤洰鏍囩殑鍐呭锛屽湪涓嶅悓骞撮緞鐨勫辜鍎胯韩涓婂簲褰撴湁涓嶅悓鐨勪綋鐜帮紝杩欐牱鎵嶈兘鍦ㄦ暀鑲插疄璺典腑寰簭娓愯繘鍦颁績杩涘辜鍎跨殑璇█鍙戝睍銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 浠ュ辜鍎跨殑鍙ｈ琛ㄨ揪鑳藉姏涓轰緥锛屽湪涓嶅悓鐨勫勾榫勯樁娈碉紝鍏跺叿浣撶洰鏍囪姹傛槸鏈変竴瀹氬樊寮傜殑锛屽3锝�4宀佸辜鍎跨殑瑕佹眰鏄兘鐢ㄧ畝鐭殑璇█琛ㄨ揪鑷繁鐨勮姹傚拰鎰挎湜锛岃兘鍦ㄩ泦浣撻潰鍓嶈杩拌嚜宸辨劅鍏磋叮鐨勪簨锛涘4锝�5宀佸辜鍎跨殑瑕佹眰鏄兘鐢ㄥ畬鏁寸殑鍙ュ瓙杈冭繛璐湴璁茶堪鑷繁鐨勭粡鍘嗭紝鏈夎〃鎯呭湴鏈楄鍜屽杩帮紝鑳藉ぇ鑳嗐�佹竻妤氬湴鐢ㄥ噯纭殑璇煶璇磋瘽锛涘5锝�6宀佸辜鍎跨殑瑕佹眰鏄兘鐢ㄩ�傚害鐨勯煶楂樸�侀煶閲忓拰鍑嗙‘鐨勮闊宠璇濓紝鍦ㄩ�傚綋鐨勫満鍚堜富鍔ㄤ笌浜轰氦璋堬紝涓诲姩琛ㄨ揪鑷繁鐨勬剰鎬濓紝杩炶疮璁茶堪浜嬫儏鎴栧浘鐗囷紝鏈夎〃鎯呭湴鏈楄鎴栬〃婕旂瓑銆備粠鐢ㄧ畝鐭殑璇█琛ㄨ揪鍒版竻妤氳繛璐湴璁茶堪锛岃〃鏄庢瘡涓�涓勾榫勯樁娈电殑鍏蜂綋鐩爣閮藉缓绔嬪湪涓婁竴闃舵鐨勮瑷�鍙戝睍鍩虹涓婏紝鍚屾椂瀵硅繖涓樁娈电殑骞煎効鍏锋湁涓�瀹氱殑鎸戞垬鎰忎箟锛屼娇骞煎効鍦ㄧ粡杩囧涔犲悗鑳借穬涓婁竴灞傛柊鐨勫彴闃躲��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d036">锛堜笁锛夊辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鍏蜂綋娲诲姩鐩爣</h4>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鍏蜂綋娲诲姩鐩爣锛屽睘浜庣涓夊眰娆＄殑鐩爣銆備笌骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鎬荤洰鏍囥�佸勾榫勯樁娈电洰鏍囦笉鍚岀殑鏄紝鍏蜂綋娲诲姩鐩爣涓�鑸敱鏁欏笀鑷繁鍒跺畾銆傚畠鏈変袱灞傚惈涔夛細涓�鏄寚鍚勯」瀛﹀墠鏁欒偛娲诲姩鎵�鎸囧悜鐨勫辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鍙戝睍鐩爣锛屽鏃ュ父鐢熸椿娲诲姩涓湁鍙戝睍骞煎効涓庡悓浼淬�佹垚浜鸿繘琛岃瑷�浜ゅ線鐨勭洰鏍囷紝娓告垙娲诲姩涓湁鍙戝睍骞煎効杩涜浜ゆ祦娲诲姩鍜岃杩版椿鍔ㄧ殑鐩爣锛岀ぞ浼氭椿鍔ㄤ腑鏈夊彂灞曞辜鍎夸娇鐢ㄧ畝鍗曠殑绀艰矊鐢ㄨ涓庢垚浜烘墦鎷涘懠鐨勭洰鏍囩瓑锛涗簩鏄壒鎸囪瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐩爣锛屽璋堣瘽娲诲姩鐩爣銆佹枃瀛︿綔鍝佹璧忔椿鍔ㄧ洰鏍囥�佹棭鏈熼槄璇绘椿鍔ㄧ洰鏍囩瓑銆傚綋鐒讹紝姝ょ被鐩爣涓嶄粎鎸囦竴娆℃椿鍔ㄤ腑瑕佸畬鎴愮殑浠诲姟锛屼篃鏈夊彲鑳芥槸涓�缁勭浉杩戠殑娲诲姩鎴栦竴涓富棰樼郴鍒楁椿鍔ㄧ殑鐩爣锛屽灏忕彮涓婚娲诲姩鈥滆繋鏂板勾鈥濅腑鍖呭惈浜嗕互涓嬫椿鍔ㄧ洰鏍囷細鈶犲湪鍚惉璇磋涓劅鍙楄繃鏂板勾鐨勬剦蹇紱鈶¤杩拌嚜宸辩殑鏂板勾鎰挎湜锛涒憿鑳藉ぇ鑳嗗湴鍚戝悓浼磋涓�浜涚绂忕殑璇濈瓑銆傛暀甯堝湪鍒跺畾鍏蜂綋娲诲姩鐩爣鏃讹紝瑕佸叧娉ㄧ洰鏍囩殑閫傚疁鎬у拰鍙搷浣滄�э紝骞跺洿缁曠洰鏍囨潵閫夋嫨鍚堥�傜殑鍐呭鍙婃柟娉曪紝鏈�缁堜娇骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鑳藉杈惧埌棰勬湡鐨勬暀鑲叉晥鏋溿��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍏蜂綋娲诲姩鐩爣涓庤瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勬�荤洰鏍囥�佸勾榫勯樁娈电洰鏍囧簲鏄竴鑷寸殑銆傚簲褰撹锛屽叿浣撴椿鍔ㄧ洰鏍囨槸涓鸿瑷�鏁欒偛鎬荤洰鏍囥�佸勾榫勯樁娈电洰鏍囨湇鍔＄殑锛屾槸鎬荤洰鏍囧拰骞撮緞闃舵鐩爣鐨勬渶缁堝垎瑙ｅ拰鍏蜂綋鍖栵紝鍏锋湁鏇村己鐨勬搷浣滄�с�傝瑷�鏁欒偛姝ｆ槸閫氳繃姣忎竴涓叿浣撴椿鍔ㄨ惤瀹炲埌骞煎効韬笂鐨勩�傚洜姝わ紝璇█鏁欒偛鎬荤洰鏍囥�佸勾榫勯樁娈电洰鏍囥�佸叿浣撴椿鍔ㄧ洰鏍囨瀯鎴愪簡涓�涓湁鏈虹殑浣撶郴锛屼笉鏂績杩涘辜鍎胯瑷�鐨勫彂灞曘��
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c016">涓夈�佸辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐩爣鐨勫埗瀹�</h3>
+ <p>
+ 鍒跺畾璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勭洰鏍囷紝鏄瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩璁捐涓渶閲嶈鐨勪竴鐜紝瀹冪殑鎭板綋涓庡惁锛屽皢瀵规暣涓椿鍔ㄨ璁′骇鐢熷喅瀹氭�х殑褰卞搷锛屽寘鎷奖鍝嶆椿鍔ㄨ璁＄殑鏂瑰悜銆佽寖鍥村拰绋嬪害銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="52">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(52) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">
+ 绗笁绔� 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐨勭洰鏍囥�佸唴瀹广�佹柟娉曚笌閫斿緞
+ </li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">45</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄨ瑷�鏁欒偛瀹炶返涓紝鍒跺畾璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐩爣涓庢暀甯堝疄鏂界殑鏁欒偛娲诲姩鏈�涓哄瘑鍒囷紝鍥犳锛岃瀹氱瀛︾殑璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐩爣灏辨垚涓烘暀甯堣嚜韬暀鑲叉暀瀛﹁兘鍔涚殑鍏蜂綋浣撶幇銆備絾鏄暱鏈熶互鏉ワ紝鍦ㄥ辜鍎垮洯鐨勬暀瀛︿腑鏅亶瀛樺湪鍙湁鍐呭娌℃湁鐩爣锛屾垨鑰呭厛閫夋嫨鍐呭鍚庡埗瀹氱洰鏍囩殑鐜拌薄锛岃繖涓嶄粎瀵艰嚧鏁欒偛鍑虹幇浜嗘瀬澶х殑鐩茬洰鎬э紝鑰屼笖杩樺骞煎効璇█鑳藉姏鐨勬寔缁彂灞曚骇鐢熶笉鍒╁奖鍝嶃�傚洜姝わ紝瑕佷娇骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鑳藉杈惧埌棰勬湡鐨勭洰鐨勶紝浜х敓鑹ソ鐨勬晥鏋滐紝鏁欏笀蹇呴』瀛︿細绉戝璁剧疆銆佹伆褰撹〃杩拌瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勭洰鏍囥�傚叿浣撴潵璇达紝鍒跺畾璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勭洰鏍囧簲閬靛惊浠ヤ笅鍩烘湰瑕佹眰銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d037">锛堜竴锛夌洰鏍囧簲浠ヤ績杩涘辜鍎胯瑷�鐨勫涔犱笌鍙戝睍涓哄鍚�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀鍦ㄥ埗瀹氬辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐩爣鏃讹紝搴斾互骞煎効璇█瀛︿範涓庡彂灞曠殑瀹為檯姘村钩涓烘牴鏈緷鎹紝鑰冭檻鎵�鍦ㄧ彮绾у辜鍎胯瑷�鍙戝睍鐨勭壒鐐瑰強宸叉湁鐨勮瑷�缁忛獙锛屽弬鐓с�婃寚鍗椼�嬪拰銆婄翰瑕併�嬫彁鍑虹殑瀵瑰辜鍎胯瑷�鍙戝睍鐨勬湡鏈涗笌瑕佹眰锛屾彁鍑虹鍚堝辜鍎库�滄渶杩戝彂灞曞尯鈥濈殑璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐩爣銆傜洰鏍囪繃楂橈紝瓒呭嚭骞煎効鐨勮兘鍔涜寖鍥达紝骞煎効鍥犺兘鍔涜揪涓嶅埌瀹屼笉鎴愪换鍔★紝涓嶈兘鑾峰緱鎴愬姛鎰熻�屽け鍘诲叴瓒ｏ紱鐩爣杩囦綆杈句笉鍒板辜鍎垮疄闄呮按骞筹紝骞煎効浼氳寰楁灟鐕ヤ箯鍛筹紝鑰屽け鍘讳簡鍙備笌娲诲姩鐨勭Н鏋佹�с�傜洰鏍囧畾浣嶈閫傚疁锛屽垏蹇岃繃楂樿繃浣庛�傚洜姝ゆ暀鑲插疄璺典腑缁忓父鏈夎繖鏍风殑鐜拌薄锛屽悓涓�涓唴瀹癸紝灏忕彮銆佷腑鐝�佸ぇ鐝兘鍙互寮�灞曟暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄣ�傝繖灏遍渶瑕佹牴鎹辜鍎跨殑骞撮緞鐗圭偣鍜岀悊瑙ｆ按骞筹紝瀵瑰唴瀹圭殑浠峰�煎仛鍑轰笉鍚岀殑鍒嗘瀽銆備緥濡傦紝璇█鏁呬簨銆婄寽鐚滄垜鏈夊鐖变綘銆嬶紝鑻ユ斁鍦ㄥ皬鐝紝鍙皢鐩爣瀹氫綅涓哄辜鍎跨悊瑙ｆ晠浜嬬殑鎯呰妭锛涜嫢鏀惧湪涓彮锛屽彲灏嗙洰鏍囧畾浣嶄负骞煎効灏濊瘯瀛︿範鏁呬簨涓殑瀵硅瘽鍜屽彞鍨嬶紱鑻ユ斁鍦ㄥぇ鐝紝鍙皢鐩爣瀹氫綅涓哄辜鍎垮皾璇曞鏁呬簨杩涜缁紪鎴栨敼缂栥�傛�讳箣鐩爣鐨勫埗瀹氬繀椤婚伒寰辜鍎胯瑷�瀛︿範鐨勫彂灞曚笌闇�瑕併��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d038">锛堜簩锛夌洰鏍囧簲鎸囧悜骞煎効鐨勮瑷�瀛︿範涓庤〃鐜�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鍖呭惈鏁欏笀鐨勬暀鍜屽辜鍎跨殑瀛︿袱鏂归潰鐨勬椿鍔紝鍥犳锛屽湪鍒跺畾鐩爣鏃讹紝鏃㈠彲浠ヤ互骞煎効鐨勮瑷�瀛︿範涓哄嚭鍙戠偣锛屾寚鍑哄辜鍎块�氳繃娲诲姩鍚庤瑷�鍙戝睍鍙互杈惧埌鐨勭▼搴︼紱涔熷彲浠ヤ粠鏁欏笀鐨勮搴﹀嚭鍙戯紝琛ㄨ堪鏁欏笀鏈熸湜閫氳繃璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩甯姪骞煎効鑾峰緱鐨勫涔犵粨鏋溿��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鐒惰�岋紝鍦ㄦ暀鑲插疄璺典腑锛屾湁璁稿鏁欏笀鍦ㄨ璁¤瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鏃讹紝鏇村鍦板叧娉ㄤ簡鑷韩鏁欑殑琛屼负锛岃�屽拷瑙嗕簡鍦ㄦ杩囩▼涓辜鍎跨殑瀛︿範涓庤〃鐜帮紝鍥犳锛屾垜浠�″鍦ㄧ洰鏍囪〃杩版椂灏介噺浠庡辜鍎跨殑瀛︿範瑙掑害鍑哄彂锛屼粠鑰屾妸鍏虫敞鐨勯噸鐐规斁鍦ㄥ辜鍎胯韩涓娿�備粠骞煎効瑙掑害鍑哄彂琛ㄨ堪鐩爣锛屽父鐢ㄢ�滃枩娆⑩�濃�滀箰鎰忊�濃�滅煡閬撯�濃�滅悊瑙ｂ�濃�滆鍑衡�濃�滃浼氣�濃�滆兘鈥濈瓑浠ュ辜鍎夸负涓讳綋鐨勮瘝杩涜鎻忚堪锛屽叧娉ㄥ辜鍎跨殑瀛︿範杩囩▼锛屾寚鍑哄辜鍎垮湪瀛︿範鍚庡簲璇ョ煡閬撶殑鍜岃兘澶熷仛鍒扮殑琛ㄧ幇锛屼綋鐜扳�滀互骞煎効涓烘湰鈥濈殑鏁欒偛鐞嗗康銆備笉鎻愬�′娇鐢ㄢ�滄暀鑲测�濃�滄縺鍙戔�濃�滈紦鍔扁�濃�滃府鍔┾�濃�滆姹傗�濃�滄寚瀵尖�濃�滀娇鈥濈瓑琛ㄨ堪鏁欏笀鈥滄暀鈥濈殑璇嶈銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d039">锛堜笁锛夌洰鏍囧簲鍏虫敞鏁欒偛鐨勫閲嶄环鍊�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 甯冮瞾濮嗙殑鏁欒偛鐩爣鍒嗙被瀛︾悊璁轰腑灏嗘暀鑲茬洰鏍囧垎鎴愯鐭ョ洰鏍囥�佹儏鎰熶笌鎬佸害鐩爣鍜屽姩浣滄妧鑳界洰鏍囦笁涓柟闈€�傚湪鍒跺畾骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐨勭洰鏍囨椂涔熷簲浠庝笂杩颁笁涓淮搴﹁繘琛岀患
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="53">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(53) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">46</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鍚堣�冭檻銆傛澶栵紝浠庡辜鍎垮彂灞曠殑鏁村悎璇█鏁欒偛瑙傛潵鐪嬶紝骞煎効璇█瀛︿範鏄竴涓湁鏈轰氦铻嶇殑绯荤粺锛屽辜鍎胯瑷�鍙戝睍涓庡叾浠栨櫤鑳姐�佹儏鎰熺瓑鏂归潰鐨勫彂灞曟槸涓�浣撶殑銆傛暣鍚堟暀鑲茶浣撶幇鍦ㄨ瑷�鏁欒偛鐩爣涓婏紝瑕佹眰鍦ㄧ‘绔嬪辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鐩爣鏃舵棦瑕佽�冭檻缁勬垚瀹屾暣璇█鐨勫悇鎴愬垎鐨勭煡璇嗐�佽兘鍔涘拰鎯呮劅鏂归潰鐨勫煿鍏荤洰鏍囷紝涔熻鑰冭檻閫氳繃璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鍙互瀹炵幇閭ｄ簺涓庤瑷�鐩稿叧鐨勫叾浠栭鍩燂紙鍋ュ悍銆佺ぞ浼氥�佺瀛︺�佽壓鏈級鐨勭洰鏍囥��
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">妗堜緥3-1</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-1">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <b>娲诲姩1锛氭垜浠細娌℃湁姘村枬鍚楋紙澶х彮璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩锛�</b>
+ </p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩鐩爣锛�</b></p>
+ <p>鈶犲叧娉ㄦ按鐨勪綔鐢ㄤ笌浜轰滑鐢熸椿鐨勫瘑鍒囧叧绯汇��</p>
+ <p>鈶″湪鐩镐簰浜ゆ祦涓伆褰撱�佹湁鏁堛�佺伒娲诲湴浣跨敤璇█銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 杩欎釜娲诲姩鐩爣鏄庢樉鍋忛噸浜庤瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勭煡璇嗙洰鏍囷紝鑰岀浉瀵瑰拷瑙嗕簡骞煎効鍦ㄦ椿鍔ㄤ腑鐖辨姢姘磋祫婧愮殑鎯呮劅鐩爣鍜岀敤澶氱鏂瑰紡琛ㄨ揪瑙傜偣鐨勮兘鍔涚洰鏍囷紝姝ゅ锛岀洰鏍囩己涔忔暣鍚堟�э紝蹇借浜嗗骞煎効杩涜姘磋祫婧愪繚鎶ょ瓑绉戝棰嗗煙鐩爣鐨勬笚閫忋��
+ </p>
+ <p class="center"><b>娲诲姩2锛氬悇绉嶅悇鏍风殑缁冲瓙锛堝ぇ鐝瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩锛�</b></p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩鐩爣锛�</b></p>
+ <p>鈶犲辜鍎胯兘鐢ㄨ繛璐殑璇█鍥寸粫鈥滄湁鐢ㄧ殑缁冲瓙鈥濊繖涓�璇濋杩涜璋堣瘽銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鈶″辜鍎胯兘澶熻鐪熷�惧惉鍒汉璋堣瘽锛岃兘杩呴�熷湴鎺屾彙鍒汉鐨勮皥璇濆唴瀹癸紝鍚戝悓浼村涔犺皥璇濈粡楠屻��
+ </p>
+ <p>鈶㈠湪灏忕粍娲诲姩涓辜鍎胯兘澶ц儐涓庡埆浜轰氦寰�锛屽彂灞曚氦寰�鎶�鑳姐��</p>
+ <p>
+ 杩欎釜娲诲姩璁捐鐨勭洰鏍囨棦鑰冭檻鍒颁簡绀句細鎬с�佽瑷�銆佺瀛︾瓑鏂归潰鐨勫唴瀹癸紝鍙堣�冭檻鍒颁簡骞煎効鐨勮鐭ャ�佹儏鎰熴�佽兘鍔涚瓑澶氭柟闈㈠彂灞曠殑闇�姹傦紝鍏锋湁鏁村悎鎬с��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d040">锛堝洓锛夌洰鏍囧簲鍏锋湁鎿嶄綔鎬э紝閬垮厤杩囦簬绗肩粺銆佹鎷拰鎶借薄</h4>
+ <p>
+ 浠庡辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鐩爣浣撶郴鐪嬶紝浠庨珮鍒颁綆锛屽悇灞傛鐨勭洰鏍囪秺鏉ヨ秺鍏蜂綋銆佹槑纭紝鍏锋湁鍙搷浣滄�э紝鑳藉叿浣撴寚瀵笺�佽皟鎺ф暀甯堢殑璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩杩囩▼銆傚洜姝わ紝鏁欏笀鍦ㄥ埗瀹氬叿浣撹瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勭洰鏍囨椂锛屽繀椤昏鍏蜂綋鍒板彲浠ユ搷浣滃拰鎵ц銆傚鏋滅洰鏍囧湪琛ㄨ堪涓婄己涔忛拡瀵规�э紝璁剧疆鐨勬暀鑲茬洰鏍囧線寰�灏卞彉寰楀舰鍚岃櫄璁俱�備緥濡傦紝涓彮璇█娲诲姩銆婂皬鍏斿嚭璧般�嬬殑鐩爣涔嬩竴鈥滃辜鍎夸娇鐢ㄧ畝鍗曠殑鍙ュ瀷缁紪鏁呬簨鈥濓紝灏辨瘮杈冪缁熷拰绌烘硾锛屽彲浠ュ皢姝ょ洰鏍囧叿浣撳寲涓衡�滃辜鍎垮浼氫娇鐢ㄢ�樻垜涓嶆兂鍋氣�︹�︽垜鎯冲仛涓�鍙�︹�︹�欏彞鍨嬫潵缁紪鏁呬簨鈥濓紝杩欐牱鐨勭洰鏍囨墠鏇村姞鍏蜂綋銆佹槑纭紝鍙搷浣溿��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 姝ゅ锛屼粠娲诲姩鍐呭鍜屾椿鍔ㄦ椂闂寸殑瑙掑害鏉ヨ�冭檻锛屼竴娆℃暀瀛︽椿鍔ㄥ疄鐜�2锝�3涓洰鏍囨槸姣旇緝鐜板疄鐨勶紝鑰屼笖鐩爣涔嬮棿杩樻湁涓�涓壙鎺ュ叧绯伙紝鍗崇浜屼釜鐩爣寰�寰�鏄湪绗竴涓洰鏍囧疄鐜扮殑鍩虹涓婂畬鎴愮殑銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d041">
+ 锛堜簲锛夌洰鏍囧簲娓呮櫚銆佸噯纭�佸彲妫�娴嬶紝涓嶈兘鐢ㄦ椿鍔ㄧ殑杩囩▼鎴栨柟娉曟潵鍙栦唬
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ 1962骞达紝椹澃锛圧.F.Mager锛夊湪鍏跺嚭鐗堢殑銆婄▼搴忔暀瀛︾洰鏍囩殑缂栧啓銆嬩腑鎻愬嚭锛屼竴涓暀
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="54">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(54) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">
+ 绗笁绔� 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐨勭洰鏍囥�佸唴瀹广�佹柟娉曚笌閫斿緞
+ </li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">47</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鑲叉椿鍔ㄧ洰鏍囧簲鍖呮嫭涓変釜鍩烘湰瑕佺礌锛屽嵆琛屼负锛堣鏄庡辜鍎块�氳繃鍙備笌鏁欒偛娲诲姩鍚庡皢鑳藉仛浠�涔堬級銆佹潯浠讹紙璇存槑骞煎効鐨勮涓哄湪浠�涔堟潯浠朵笅浜х敓锛夈�佹爣鍑嗭紙骞煎効閫氳繃鍙備笌鏁欒偛娲诲姩搴旇杈惧埌鐨勬渶浣庢爣鍑嗭級銆傚叾涓殑鏍稿績瑕佺礌鏄涓恒�傛湁鐨勬暀甯堝湪璁剧疆璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐩爣鏃剁敤娲诲姩鐨勮繃绋嬫垨鏂规硶鎵嬫鏉ヤ唬鏇胯涓虹殑缁撴灉锛屾贩娣嗕簡涓変釜瑕佺礌涔嬮棿鐨勫尯鍒�備緥濡傦紝涓彮璇█娲诲姩銆婅眴璞嗙敓姘斾簡銆嬬殑鏁欒偛鐩爣涔嬩竴鏄瀵熺敾闈€�佹弿杩版晠浜嬩富浜哄叕鐨勭敓姘旀儏鏅紝杩欎釜璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐩爣鍦ㄨ〃杩版椂娣锋穯浜嗘椿鍔ㄨ繃绋嬨�佹柟娉曟墜娈典笌琛屼负鐩爣鐨勫叧绯伙紝涔熷氨涓嶈兘寰堝噯纭湴鍙嶆槧骞煎効鐨勫涔犵粨鏋滐紝鍙互淇敼涓哄辜鍎块�氳繃瑙傚療鐢婚潰锛岃兘澶熺敤鎭板綋鐨勮瑷�鏉ユ弿杩版晠浜嬩富浜哄叕鐢熸皵鐨勬儏鏅��
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk">
+ <div class="bk1">
+ <p><span class="bj2">骞煎効鍥暀甯堣祫鏍艰瘉鑰冭瘯路鑰冪偣鍒嗘瀽</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-2">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="../../images/tb-1.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 銆婁繚鏁欑煡璇嗕笌鑳藉姏銆嬭�冭瘯澶х翰瑕佹眰鐢宠鑰咃細鑳芥牴鎹暀鑲茬洰鏍囧拰骞煎効鐨勫叴瓒ｉ渶瑕佸拰骞撮緞鐗圭偣閫夋嫨鏁欒偛鍐呭锛岀‘瀹氭椿鍔ㄧ洰鏍囷紝璁捐鏁欒偛娲诲姩鏂规銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <b>娉細</b
+ >姝ゆ潯瑕佹眰鐢宠鑰呮纭悊瑙ｅ拰鎶婃彙骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐨勬�荤洰鏍囥�佸勾榫勯樁娈电洰鏍囧拰鍏蜂綋娲诲姩鐩爣锛屽苟鎶婃彙鐩爣鍒跺畾鐨勮姹傚拰瑕佺偣锛屼粠鑰屾洿鍔犵瀛﹀湴纭畾骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐩爣锛屽畬鎴愭暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄦ柟妗堣璁°��
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ <div class="bk">
+ <div class="bk1">
+ <p><span class="bj2">骞煎効鍥暀甯堣祫鏍艰瘉鑰冭瘯路鐪熼鍐嶇幇</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-2">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="../../images/tb-1.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <b>2020骞翠笅鍗婂勾銆婁繚鏁欑煡璇嗕笌鑳藉姏銆嬫椿鍔ㄨ璁￠</b>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 涓轰簡甯姪灏忕彮鏂板叆鍥殑骞煎効灏藉揩閫傚簲闆嗕綋鐢熸椿锛屼綑鑰佸笀鍑嗗寮�灞曗�滈珮楂樺叴鍏翠笂骞煎効鍥�濈郴鍒椾富棰樻椿鍔ㄣ�傝鍥寸粫璇ヤ富棰樹负浣欒�佸笀璁捐涓変釜瀛愭椿鍔ㄣ�傝姹傦細鍐欏嚭涓婚娲诲姩鎬荤洰鏍囥��
+ </p>
+ <p>銆愬弬鑰冪洰鏍囪璁°��</p>
+ <p>娲诲姩鍚嶇О锛氬皬鐝富棰樻椿鍔ㄢ�滈珮楂樺叴鍏翠笂骞煎効鍥�濄��</p>
+ <p>娲诲姩鐩爣</p>
+ <p>
+ 鈶犺鐭ョ洰鏍囷細閫氳繃鏁呬簨銆佹瓕鏇茬瓑澶氱褰㈠紡鐭ラ亾骞煎効鍥殑涓�鏃ユ椿鍔紝浜嗚В骞煎効鍥笌瀹跺涵鐨勪笉鍚屻��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鈶℃妧鑳界洰鏍囷細绉瀬鍙備笌娲诲姩锛屽湪闆嗕綋闈㈠墠鏁簬琛ㄧ幇鑷繁锛屾寜鐓ц嚜宸辩殑鏂瑰紡琛ㄨ揪瀵瑰辜鍎垮洯鐨勫悜寰�銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鈶㈡儏鎰熺洰鏍囷細鎰熷彈骞煎効鍥敓娲荤殑蹇箰锛岃悓鍙戝骞煎効鍥殑鍠滅埍涔嬫儏锛屽湪鍚勭娲诲姩涓兘鎰熷埌寮�蹇冦��
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ <h2 id="b007">绗簩鑺傘��骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐨勫唴瀹�</h2>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐨勫唴瀹癸紝鏄寚瀛﹀墠鏁欒偛鏈烘瀯浼犳巿缁欏辜鍎跨殑璇█褰㈠紡銆佽瑷�鍐呭銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="55">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(55) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">48</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 璇█杩愮敤鐨勬�诲拰锛屾槸鏁欑粰骞煎効涓�濂楃壒瀹氱殑璇█绗﹀彿绯荤粺锛屽苟鎸囧浠栦滑瀛︿範杩愮敤杩欏绗﹀彿绯荤粺杩涜浜ら檯銆傚彲浠ヨ锛岃瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勫唴瀹圭粍鎴愪簡骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛杩欎竴棰嗗煙璇剧▼鐨勫唴瀹癸紝瀹冩槸瀹炵幇璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐩爣鐨勬墜娈点��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勫唴瀹逛粠璇█鏈韩鐨勭粨鏋勫嚭鍙戯紝鍙互鍒嗕负涓ゅぇ閮ㄥ垎锛氫竴鏄暀缁欏辜鍎挎湰姘戞棌鐨勮瑷�绗﹀彿绯荤粺锛屽湪鎴戝浗涓昏鎸囩幇浠ｆ眽璇紙鏅�氳瘽锛夌殑璇煶銆佽瘝姹囥�佽娉曞強琛ㄨ揪鏂瑰紡绛夛紱浜屾槸甯姪骞煎効瀛︿細杩愮敤璇█锛屽叾涓棦鍖呮嫭璇█鐭ヨ瘑鐨勪紶鎺堬紝濡傝瑷�鐨勫姛鑳姐�佽█璇氦闄呰鍒欑瓑锛屼篃鍖呮嫭璇█杩愮敤鑳藉姏鐨勫疄璺佃缁冦�傚叿浣撴潵璇达紝骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勫唴瀹逛富瑕佸寘鎷枃瀛︿綔鍝佸涔犳椿鍔ㄣ�佽皥璇濇椿鍔ㄣ�佽杩版椿鍔ㄣ�佹棭鏈熼槄璇绘椿鍔ㄥ強鍚娓告垙娲诲姩绛夈��
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c017">涓�銆侀�夋嫨鍜岀粍缁囧辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鍐呭鐨勪緷鎹�</h3>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鍐呭锛屾槸瀹炵幇璇█鏁欒偛鐩爣鐨勬墜娈碉紝涔熸槸鏁欏笀璁捐鍜屽疄鏂借瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勪富瑕佷緷鎹�傚辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勫唴瀹逛笉鏄殢鎰忕‘瀹氱殑锛岃�屾槸鏈変竴瀹氱殑鏍规嵁锛岀鍚堜竴瀹氱殑瑙勫緥銆備竴鏂归潰璇█鏁欒偛鐨勫唴瀹瑰簲绗﹀悎瀛︿範鑰呯殑闇�瑕併�佸叴瓒ｅ拰韬績鍙戝睍鐨勮姹傦紝鏍规嵁骞煎効璇█鍙戝睍鐨勭壒鐐瑰強鍏惰寰嬫潵纭畾锛涘彟涓�鏂归潰璇█鏁欒偛鐨勫唴瀹硅绗﹀悎绀句細浠峰�艰鐨勮姹傦紝鏍规嵁璇█鏁欒偛鐨勭洰鏍囨潵纭畾銆傚彟澶栵紝鍦ㄨ绋嬫棩瓒嬫暣鍚堢殑瓒嬪娍涓嬶紝鍚勯鍩熺殑鏁欒偛娲诲姩涔熶細褰卞搷璇█鏁欒偛鍐呭鐨勯�夋嫨銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d042">锛堜竴锛変緷鎹辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勭洰鏍�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 璇█鏁欒偛鐩爣浣滀负璇█鏁欒偛鍐呭閫夋嫨鐨勪富瑕佷緷鎹紝鎵�閫夋嫨鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛鍐呭蹇呴』绗﹀悎骞舵湁鍔╀簬瀹炵幇璇█鏁欒偛鐩爣銆傚彲浠ヨ锛岃瑷�鏁欒偛鐩爣涓鸿瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鍐呭鐨勯�夋嫨鎻愪緵浜嗕竴涓熀鏈殑鑼冨洿鍜屾爣鍑嗐�備緷鐓ц繖涓�鏍囧噯閫夋嫨璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勫唴瀹癸紝瑕佹敞鎰忎互涓嬪嚑鐐广��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e041">1.鍦ㄧ洰鏍囩殑鏈夋満铻嶅悎涓�夋嫨璇█鏁欒偛鍐呭</h5>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐨勭洰鏍囨槸鍩瑰吇骞煎効鐨勮瑷�鑳藉姏锛屽嵆瀵硅瑷�鐨勭悊瑙ｈ兘鍔涘拰琛ㄨ揪鑳藉姏鐨勫煿鍏汇�傝繖浜涜兘鍔涙槸鍦ㄨ瑷�褰㈠紡銆佽瑷�鍐呭銆佽瑷�杩愮敤浜や簰浣滅敤鐨勮繃绋嬩腑閫愭笎鍙戝睍璧锋潵鐨勶紝璇█鐞嗚В鑳藉姏鍜岃瑷�琛ㄨ揪鑳藉姏鍦ㄥ彂灞曡繃绋嬩腑鏄浉杈呯浉鎴愩�佺浉浜掍績杩涚殑锛屼笉鑳芥妸瀹冧滑鍓茶寮�鏉ュ寰呫�傝繖灏辫姹傛垜浠湪閫夋嫨璇█鏁欒偛鍐呭鏃讹紝搴斿叏闈㈠垎鏋愬辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勭洰鏍囷紝骞朵緷鎹瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勭洰鏍囦粠璇█褰㈠紡銆佽瑷�鍐呭浠ュ強璇█杩愮敤绛夋柟闈㈢瀛﹀湴閫夊彇璇█鏁欒偛鐨勫唴瀹癸紝骞跺湪鏁欒偛杩囩▼涓妸杩欎簺璇█鏁欒偛鐨勮绱犳湁鏈鸿瀺鍚堝湪涓�璧枫��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 渚嬪锛岃杩版椿鍔ㄤ腑锛屽辜鍎块�氳繃琛ㄨ揪瀵规煇浜恒�佹煇浜嬨�佹煇鐗╃殑鐪嬫硶锛屽彂灞曞叾鐞嗚В璁茶堪瀵硅薄鐨勮兘鍔涖�佺嫭绔嬫瀯鎬濅笌娓呮瀹屾暣琛ㄨ堪鐨勮兘鍔涖�傚湪杩欎釜杩囩▼涓紝璇█褰㈠紡锛堣闊炽�佽瘝姹囥�佽娉曪級銆佽瑷�鍐呭锛堣涔夛級鍜岃瑷�杩愮敤锛堣瑷�鍔熻兘銆佽瑷�鎯呭锛変笁涓柟闈㈡槸浜ょ粐鍦ㄤ竴璧风殑銆傜劧鑰屽苟涓嶆槸姣忎竴娆¤杩版椿鍔ㄩ兘鍖呭惈鎵�鏈夎绱狅紝杩樿鏍规嵁鍏蜂綋鐨勬暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄤ互鍙婁笉鍚屽勾榫勬骞煎効鐨勫涔犺兘鍔涙潵纭畾銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e042">2.鍦ㄥ悇绫荤洰鏍囩殑鍗忚皟涓�夋嫨璇█鏁欒偛鍐呭</h5>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐨勭洰鏍囧寘鎷煡璇嗐�佽兘鍔涖�佹儏鎰熶笁涓柟闈€�傚湪閫夋嫨骞煎効鍥暀鑲叉椿鍔�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="56">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(56) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">
+ 绗笁绔� 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐨勭洰鏍囥�佸唴瀹广�佹柟娉曚笌閫斿緞
+ </li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">49</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鐨勫唴瀹规椂锛屽簲鏍规嵁浠ヤ笂涓変釜鏂归潰鐨勮姹傦紝鍒嗘瀽鐩稿叧娲诲姩锛屼緥濡傦紝澶х彮璇█娲诲姩銆婁竴骞磋繃鍘讳簡銆嬬殑娲诲姩鐩爣涓猴細鈶犱箰浜庡�惧惉浠栦汉鐨勮杩帮紝鑳戒负鍚屼即鐨勮繘姝ヨ�屾劅鍒伴珮鍏达紝浣撻獙鏂板勾鐨勫揩涔愶紱鈶″煿鍏诲辜鍎胯壇濂界殑鍊惧惉涔犳儻鍙婂ぇ鑳嗚嚜鎴戣〃鐜扮殑鑳藉姏锛涒憿鐭ラ亾鏂板勾杩囧悗鑷繁鍙堥暱澶т竴宀佷簡銆備粠璇ユ椿鍔ㄨ缃殑鐩爣涓彲浠ョ湅鍑猴紝娲诲姩鐩爣鍖呭惈浜嗙煡璇嗭紙鐭ラ亾杩囧勾鍚庤嚜宸卞張闀垮ぇ涓�宀侊級銆佹儏鎰燂紙涔愪簬鍊惧惉锛夊強鑳藉姏锛堣壇濂界殑鍊惧惉涔犳儻锛変笁涓柟闈㈢殑鏁欒偛鐩爣锛屾牴鎹涓夌淮鐩爣閫夋嫨鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勫唴瀹规洿鑳藉淇冭繘骞煎効璇█鑳藉姏鐨勫彂灞曘�傚洜姝わ紝鎴戜滑鍙互娣卞叆鍒嗘瀽骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐩爣鐨勫缁翠綋绯伙紝鍦ㄥ悇绫荤洰鏍囩殑鍗忚皟涓壘鍒伴�傚疁鐨勬暀鑲插唴瀹广��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e043">3.鍦ㄧ洰鏍囩殑灞傚眰閫掕繘涓�夋嫨璇█鏁欒偛鍐呭</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鏍规嵁璇█鏁欒偛鐨勭洰鏍囩‘瀹氭暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄧ殑鍐呭锛屾槸鎶婃暀鑲茬洰鏍囦腑鐨勫悇閮ㄥ垎銆佸悇鏂归潰瑕佹眰杞崲涓哄辜鍎胯瑷�瀛︿範鐨勫唴瀹癸紝浣垮辜鍎块�氳繃澶氱澶氭牱鐨勫涔犺幏寰楄瑷�缁忛獙銆傝繖浜涘唴瀹规湁浜涙槸涓撻棬涓鸿瑷�瀛︿範鑰岃璁＄殑锛屾湁浜涘垯鏄皢璇█鏁欒偛鐨勫唴瀹规笚閫忓湪鍏朵粬棰嗗煙鐨勬暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄤ腑鐨勩�傝繖涔熷弽鏄犲嚭璇█鏁欒偛鐨勭洰鏍囧拰璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勫唴瀹瑰苟涓嶆槸瀹屽叏瀵瑰簲鐨勶紝涓�涓瑷�鐩爣鍙兘闇�瑕佸涓椿鍔ㄥ唴瀹规潵瀹炵幇锛岃�屼竴绉嶆椿鍔ㄥ唴瀹瑰彲鑳藉悓鏃朵綋鐜板嚑椤圭洰鏍囩殑瑕佹眰锛岃繖鏃跺氨闇�瑕佹暀甯堝璇█鏁欒偛鎬荤洰鏍囧拰骞撮緞闃舵鐩爣鍋氬埌蹇冧腑鏈夋暟锛岄�氳繃瀵规暀鑲插唴瀹圭殑閫夋嫨鎶婅瑷�鏁欒偛鐩爣缁煎悎璧锋潵锛屼娇鍚勯儴鍒嗙洰鏍囧湪鐩镐簰鑱旂郴銆佺浉浜掓笚閫忎腑寰椾互钀藉疄鍜屼綋鐜帮紝鍦ㄧ洰鏍囧眰灞傞�掕浆鐨勮繃绋嬩腑淇冭繘骞煎効璇█鑳藉姏鐨勫彂灞曘��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d043">锛堜簩锛変緷鎹辜鍎胯瑷�鍙戝睍鐨勭壒鐐�</h4>
+ <h5 id="e044">1.鍙傜収骞煎効璇█鍙戝睍鐨勬満鍒跺拰瑙勫緥鏉ラ�夋嫨鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勫唴瀹�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 閫夋嫨骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐨勫唴瀹癸紝蹇呴』閬靛惊骞煎効璇█鍙戝睍鐨勭敓鐞嗘満鍒朵互鍙婅鐭ュ彂灞曢『搴忔�у拰闃舵鎬х殑瑙勫緥锛屾牴鎹辜鍎挎湡鍚勫勾榫勬鍚勭璇█瑕佺礌鐨勫彂灞曠姸鍐碉紝浠ュ強骞煎効璇█鍙戝睍杩囩▼涓殑澶氱瀹為檯琛ㄧ幇锛屾潵纭畾閫傚悎骞煎効璇█鍙戝睍鐨勫唴瀹广�傚湪瀛﹀墠闃舵锛屽辜鍎胯瑷�姝ｅ浜庝粠闈炶瑷�浜ら檯鍚戝彛璇氦闄呰浆鎹㈢殑杩囩▼銆傚湪闈炶瑷�浜ら檯鍚戝彛璇氦闄呰浆鎹㈢殑杩囩▼涓紝骞煎効闇�瑕佸涔犳渶鍩烘湰鐨勫惉璇磋浆鎹紝鍦ㄥ彛璇氦闄呭悜涔﹂潰璇█杞崲鐨勮繃绋嬩腑锛屽辜鍎块渶瑕佸涔犱娇鐢ㄤ功闈㈣瑷�鐨勮〃杈炬柟寮忋�備笂杩拌浆鎹笉鏄洿绾胯繘琛岀殑锛岃�屾槸浜掓湁浜ゅ弶鐨勩�傚洜姝わ紝鍦ㄩ�夋嫨璇█鏁欒偛鐨勫唴瀹规椂锛岃鑰冨療褰撳墠骞煎効璇█鍙戝睍鐨勯樁娈靛拰闇�姹傦紝浠庤�岄�夋嫨閫傚悎骞煎効璇█鍙戝睍瑙勫緥鐨勫唴瀹广��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e045">2.鏍规嵁骞煎効鏂版棫璇█缁忛獙閫夋嫨鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勫唴瀹�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効璇█瀛︿範鏄笉鏂幏寰楄瑷�缁忛獙鐨勮繃绋嬨�傛暀甯堥�夋嫨鐨勬暀鑲插唴瀹广�佹彁渚涚殑璇█缁忛獙锛屽簲璇ヨ兘澶熶负骞煎効鎵�鑾峰緱锛屼笖鍐呭寲涓轰粬浠嚜韬瑷�缁忛獙浣撶郴鐨勪竴閮ㄥ垎銆傚洜姝わ紝鍦ㄩ�夋嫨骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐨勫唴瀹规椂锛岄渶瑕佺潃閲嶈�冭檻骞煎効鏂版棫璇█缁忛獙闂存槸鍚﹀叿鏈夊唴鍦ㄧ殑鑱旂郴锛岃繖灏辫姹傛垜浠繀椤荤珛瓒充簬骞煎効宸叉湁鐨勮瑷�缁忛獙鏉ラ�夋嫨鍐呭锛屽苟鏈夌殑鏀剧煝鍦伴�傚綋鎵╁睍锛屼娇寰楁暀鑲插唴瀹圭湡姝ｈ骞煎効鎺屾彙锛屽惁鍒欙紝璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鎵�鎻愪緵鐨勮瑷�缁忛獙锛屽皢涓嶄細瀵瑰辜鍎夸骇鐢熷奖鍝嶃�傝鍋氬埌杩欎竴鐐癸紝灏辫娉ㄦ剰娲诲姩鍐呭鐨勮繛缁�э紝姣忎竴娆¤幏寰楃殑璇█缁忛獙锛岄兘鑳芥垚涓轰互鍚庤瑷�瀛︿範鐨勫熀纭�銆傚悓鏃讹紝杩樿娉ㄦ剰娲诲姩鍐呭鐨勫叧鑱旀�э紝浣跨粡楠屼笌缁忛獙涔嬮棿鏃㈡湁绾靛悜鐨勮繛缁�э紝鍙堟湁妯悜鐨勭浉鍏虫�э紝
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="57">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(57) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">50</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>浠庤�屼娇骞煎効鑾峰緱鐨勬柊鏃ц瑷�缁忛獙涔嬮棿鐪熸寤虹珛璧疯仈绯汇��</p>
+ <h4 id="d044">锛堜笁锛変緷鎹笉鍚屾椿鍔ㄩ鍩熺殑鐗圭偣鏉ョ‘瀹氭暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄧ殑鍐呭</h4>
+ <p>
+ 銆婄翰瑕併�嬫槑纭寚鍑猴細鈥滃辜鍎胯瑷�鐨勫彂灞曚笌鍏舵儏鎰熴�佺粡楠屻�佹�濈淮銆佺ぞ浼氫氦寰�鑳藉姏绛夊叾浠栨柟闈㈢殑鍙戝睍瀵嗗垏鐩稿叧锛屽洜姝わ紝鍙戝睍骞煎効璇█鐨勯噸瑕侀�斿緞鏄�氳繃浜掔浉娓楅�忕殑鍚勯鍩熺殑鏁欒偛锛屽湪涓板瘜澶氬僵鐨勬椿鍔ㄤ腑鍘绘墿灞曞辜鍎跨殑缁忛獙锛屾彁渚涗績杩涜瑷�鍙戝睍鐨勬潯浠躲�傗�濊繖琛ㄦ槑锛屽辜鍎胯瑷�鐨勫涔犱笌鍙戝睍鏃㈠彲浠ラ�氳繃涓撻棬鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩瀹炵幇锛屽張鍙互鏈夋満鍦拌瀺鍚堝埌绉戝銆佽壓鏈�佺ぞ浼氥�佸仴搴风瓑鍏朵粬棰嗗煙鐨勬暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄤ腑銆備絾鏄笉鍚岄鍩熺殑娲诲姩鍚勬湁鍏剁壒鐐癸紝骞煎効鑾峰緱鐨勮瑷�缁忛獙涔熷悇鍏风壒鑹层��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 浠ョ瀛︽椿鍔ㄤ腑灏忓厰瀛愮殑瑙傚療涓轰緥锛岃姹傚辜鍎垮湪瑙傚療鍚庤繘琛屼氦娴佽璁猴紝杩欐牱鍋氱殑鐩殑鏄紝骞煎効閫氳繃浜ゆ祦锛屽皢鎰熺煡鍒板皬鍏斿瓙鐨勭涓�鍗拌薄鍦ㄨ剳涓舰鎴愯〃璞★紝鏈夊姪浜庡辜鍎挎洿鍔犳竻鏅板湴鎶婃彙灏忓厰瀛愮殑鐗瑰緛锛屼篃鏈夊姪浜庡辜鍎胯瑷�鐨勫彂灞曪紱鑰岃瑷�娲诲姩涓灏忓厰瀛愮殑瑙傚療锛屾洿澶氬湴渚ч噸浜庡骞煎効鍙ｈ琛ㄨ揪鑳藉姏鐨勮缁冿紝鍥犳鏇村叧娉ㄧ殑鏄紝鍦ㄦ杩囩▼涓辜鍎胯浜嗕粈涔堝拰鎬庝箞璇寸殑銆傝櫧鐒朵笉鍚岄鍩熺殑娲诲姩鍚勫叿鐗硅壊锛屾暀甯堜篃涓嶅繀鐗瑰埆鍘诲垝娓呰瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鍐呭鍜屽叾浠栨椿鍔ㄩ鍩熺殑鐣岄檺锛岃�屽簲璇ョ爺绌朵笉鍚屾椿鍔ㄩ鍩熺殑鐗圭偣锛屽皢璇█鏁欒偛鍐呭鏈夋満鍦版笚閫忚瀺鍚堜簬鍏朵粬娲诲姩棰嗗煙锛屽垏瀹炴彁楂樺辜鍎跨殑璇█姘村钩銆�
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c018">浜屻�佸辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勫熀鏈唴瀹�</h3>
+ <p>
+ 缁撳悎宸叉湁鏀跨瓥鏂囨湰涓殑瑙勫畾浠ュ強鐩稿叧鐮旂┒鎴愭灉锛屽辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勪富瑕佸唴瀹瑰彲浠ュ綊绾充负浠ヤ笅鍑犱釜鏂归潰銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d045">锛堜竴锛夋枃瀛︿綔鍝佸涔犳椿鍔�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鈶犻�氳繃瀵硅瘽銆佸姩浣溿�佽〃鎯呰繘琛屾晠浜嬭〃婕旓紝浣撻獙浣滃搧鐨勬儏鑺傚彉鍖栧拰浜虹墿鎯呮劅鐨勫彉鍖栵紱
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鈶″湪娆ｈ祻骞煎効璇楁瓕銆佹暎鏂囩瓑鏂囧浣滃搧鐨勫熀纭�涓婏紝浠跨収鏌愪竴璇楁瓕鎴栨暎鏂囩殑妗嗘灦锛岀紪鍑鸿嚜宸辩殑璇楁瓕鎴栨暎鏂囦綔鍝侊紱
+ </p>
+ <p>鈶㈠涔犮�佽〃婕斻�佷豢缂栨垨缁紪绔ヨ瘽鏁呬簨鍜岀敓娲绘晠浜嬨��</p>
+ <h4 id="d046">锛堜簩锛夎皥璇濇椿鍔�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鈶犲洿缁曡嚜宸辩啛鎮夌殑浜烘垨浜嬭繘琛岃皥璇濓紝濡傗�滄垜鏈�鍠滅埍鐨勫姩鐢荤墖浜虹墿鈥濃�滄垜鐨勫ソ鏈嬪弸鈥濈瓑锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鈶″氨鏌愪竴鐔熸倝鐨勫満鏅彂琛ㄤ釜浜虹殑瑙傜偣鍜屾兂娉曪紝濡傗�滄垜鐨勫鈥濃�滄垜鐨勫辜鍎垮洯鈥濈瓑銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d047">锛堜笁锛夎杩版椿鍔�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鈶犵敤绠�鍗曟槑浜嗙殑璇█璁茶堪鏌愪竴浜嬬墿鐨勫褰€�佹�ц川銆佺敤閫斿拰浣跨敤鏂规硶绛夛紝濡傗�滃皬灏忕數瑙嗘満鈥濃�滄垜鐨勮嚜琛岃溅鈥濈瓑锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鈶＄敤姣旇緝鎭板綋鐨勮瑷�璁茶堪鍥剧墖鎴栧奖鐗囦腑鐨勪富瑕佷汉鐗┿�佷簨浠剁瓑锛屽璁茶堪鐢靛奖銆婂皬缇婅倴鎭┿�嬨�婂啺娌充笘绾�嬬瓑锛�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="58">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(58) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">
+ 绗笁绔� 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐨勭洰鏍囥�佸唴瀹广�佹柟娉曚笌閫斿緞
+ </li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">51</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鈶㈢敤鐢熷姩銆佸舰璞＄殑璇█璁茶堪鏌愪竴鎯呭涓殑浜虹墿褰㈡�併�佸姩浣滅瓑锛屽鎯呭璁茶堪娲诲姩銆婃垜鐨勭埜鐖稿拰濡堝銆嬬瓑锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鈶ｇ敤姣旇緝鎭板綋鐨勮瑷�鏉ヨ鏄庤嚜宸辫禐鎴愪粈涔堟垨鑰呭弽瀵逛粈涔堬紝濡傗�滄垜鏈�鍠滄鐨勫皬鍔ㄧ墿鈥濃�滄垜鐖卞濡堚�濈瓑銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d048">锛堝洓锛夋棭鏈熼槄璇绘椿鍔�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鈶犲墠闃呰锛氬涔犵炕闃呫�佺悊瑙ｅ拰鍒朵綔鍥句功锛屼簡瑙ｄ功闈㈣瑷�銆佹枃瀛椾笌鍙ｈ涔嬮棿鐨勫搴斿叧绯伙紱
+ </p>
+ <p>鈶″墠璇嗗瓧锛氫簡瑙ｆ枃瀛楃殑鍔熻兘銆佷綔鐢紝浜嗚В璇嗗瓧鐨勬渶鍩烘湰瑙勫緥鍜屾柟娉曪紱</p>
+ <p>
+ 鈶㈠墠涔﹀啓锛氫簡瑙ｆ眽瀛楃殑鍩烘湰缁撴瀯锛岃璇嗘眽瀛楃殑涔﹀啓鐗圭偣鍜屽伐鍏凤紝灏濊瘯瀛︿範涔﹀啓姹夊瓧銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d049">锛堜簲锛夊惉璇存父鎴忔椿鍔�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鈶犲珐鍥洪毦鍙戠殑闊冲拰鏂硅█骞叉壈闊筹紝缁冧範澹拌皟鍜岀敤姘斿彂澹般�傚涓�浜涗汉骞崇繕鑸岄煶涓嶅噯锛屽彲浠ヨ璁′笓闂ㄧ殑鍙戦煶娓告垙閿荤偧骞煎効鍙戝噯骞宠垖闊硓鍜岀繕鑸岄煶zh绛夛紱
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鈶＄粌涔犺瘝鐨勭敤娉曪紝鎵╁睍銆佷赴瀵屽辜鍎跨殑璇嶆眹閲忋�傚璁捐涓撻棬鐨勫惉璇存父鎴忕粌涔犲悕璇嶃�佸姩璇嶃�佸舰瀹硅瘝绛夌殑浣跨敤锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鈶㈠湪娓告垙涓皾璇曡繍鐢ㄦ煇浜涚粨鏋勭殑鍙ュ瓙锛岄敾鐐艰鎰熴�傚鍦ㄥ惉璇存父鎴忔椿鍔ㄣ�婅闈㈡瓕銆嬩腑锛岃骞煎効瀛︿範鐢ㄢ�滃皬鐚闈紝鍠靛柕鍠碉紝鍠靛柕鍠碘�濈殑鍙ュ瀷鍒涚紪鍎挎瓕銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 瀵逛簬瀛﹀墠闃舵鐨勫効绔ユ潵璇达紝涓嶅悓骞撮緞闃舵鑳藉瀛︿範鍜屾帉鎻＄殑鍐呭鏈夋墍涓嶅悓锛屽叿浣撳琛�3-1鎵�绀恒��
+ </p>
+ <p class="img">琛�3-1 鍚勫勾榫勬骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐨勫唴瀹逛笌瑕佹眰</p>
+ <p class="center openImgBox">
+ <img class="img-0" alt="" src="../../images/0071-1-1.png" />
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="59">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(59) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">52</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p class="center openImgBox">
+ <img class="img-0" alt="" src="../../images/0071-1-2.png" />
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="60">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(60) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">
+ 绗笁绔� 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐨勭洰鏍囥�佸唴瀹广�佹柟娉曚笌閫斿緞
+ </li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">053</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p class="center openImgBox">
+ <img class="img-0" alt="" src="../../images/0071-1-3.png" />
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk">
+ <div class="bk1">
+ <p><span class="bj2">骞煎効鍥暀甯堣祫鏍艰瘉鑰冭瘯路鐪熼鍐嶇幇</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-2">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="../../images/tb-1.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center"><b>2013骞翠笅鍗婂勾銆婁繚鏁欑煡璇嗕笌鑳藉姏銆嬬湡棰�</b></p>
+ <ul
+ class="mr-0"
+ v-for="(item, index) in example[0].unit"
+ :key="'exampleOne' + index"
+ >
+ <li>锛堝崟閫夐锛墈{ item.txt }}銆�</li>
+ <li
+ class="inputChoice"
+ v-for="(citem, cindex) in item.option"
+ :key="cindex"
+ >
+ <label>
+ <input
+ type="radio"
+ :disabled="example[0].isComplete"
+ :name="item.txt"
+ :value="citem.value"
+ v-model="item.userAnswer"
+ @change="saveExample('exampleOne', example[0])"
+ />
+ <span>{{ citem.value }} . {{ citem.txt }}</span>
+ </label>
+ </li>
+ <li
+ v-if="example[0].isShowAnswer"
+ class="event-header-text-bc pd-5 fl jc-sa"
+ >
+ <span class="c-g"> 绛旀锛歿{ item.answer }}</span>
+ <span
+ :class="{ 'c-g': item.isRight, 'c-r': item.isRight == false }"
+ >鎮ㄧ殑绛旀锛歿{ item.userAnswer }}</span
+ >
+ <span class="icon-box-big fl al-c">
+ <svg
+ v-if="item.isRight"
+ t="1716986419862"
+ class="icon"
+ viewBox="0 0 1820 1024"
+ version="1.1"
+ xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
+ p-id="18767"
+ xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
+ width="40"
+ height="20"
+ >
+ <path
+ d="M1439.374222 216.007111s-169.472 56.490667-367.179852 282.443852C888.6044444 703.222519 846.241185 787.949037 775.632593 900.93037 768.568889 893.866667 662.651259 689.095111 380.207407 540.814222l148.290371-141.226666s134.162963 91.790222 225.953185 261.262222c0 0 233.016889-360.116148 684.923259-536.642371v91.799704z m0 0"
+ fill="#1AFA29"
+ p-id="18768"
+ ></path>
+ </svg>
+ <svg
+ v-if="item.isRight == false"
+ t="1716987085767"
+ class="icon"
+ viewBox="0 0 1024 1024"
+ version="1.1"
+ xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
+ p-id="25745"
+ xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
+ width="20"
+ height="20"
+ >
+ <path
+ d="M116.579135 38.64349531L38.703935 103.74399781c138.82075969 102.96027281 268.24660875 221.31426938 381.68489719 339.96758156C246.29374906 618.40145938 109.95003031 790.19602344 38.10817906 859.25288281l148.35573469 123.62658094c52.61360812-108.17625656 167.23381594-272.86683656 320.56281844-445.01635875 153.50744156 173.21056312 268.36844625 338.43166313 321.38977781 447.49243969 0 0 144.5682225-152.96636906 157.47435281-129.29729625-55.80632344-62.49011156-191.37776625-244.16501625-374.17990593-430.27403438 104.68422375-107.1132975 222.15274031-213.10127719 347.60304468-306.24740437L925.17746562 56.03842156C782.85412063 126.51895625 647.69328031 231.09093594 526.07845437 342.39755 403.34886594 226.82662719 264.46095125 116.16373719 116.579135 38.64349531L116.579135 38.64349531zM116.579135 38.64349531"
+ fill="#d81e06"
+ p-id="25746"
+ ></path>
+ </svg>
+ </span>
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ <div class="w100 fl ju-cn">
+ <ul class="fl ju-ev w80 choice">
+ <li>
+ <button
+ class="btn-border btn-w"
+ @click="goExample(example[0])"
+ >
+ 鎻愪氦
+ </button>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <button
+ @click="
+ changeExample(example[0], example[0].unit, 'exampleOne')
+ "
+ class="btn-border btn-w"
+ >
+ 閲嶅仛
+ </button>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <button
+ @click="example[0].isShowAnswer = !example[0].isShowAnswer"
+ class="parimary-btn"
+ >
+ 鏌ョ湅绛旀
+ </button>
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <h2 id="b008">绗笁鑺傘��骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐨勬柟娉曚笌閫斿緞</h2>
+ <h3 id="c019">涓�銆佸辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勬柟娉�</h3>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鏂规硶鏄牴鎹辜鍎胯瑷�鍙戝睍鐨勭悊璁恒�佸辜鍎垮涔犺瑷�鐨勮寰嬨�佽瑷�鏁欒偛鐩爣鍜屽師鍒欙紝鍏蜂綋缁勭粐璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勬墜娈碉紝骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛甯哥敤鐨勬柟娉曟湁浠ヤ笅鍑犵銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="61">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(61) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">054</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <h4 id="d050">锛堜竴锛夌ず鑼冩ā浠挎硶</h4>
+ <p>
+ 绀鸿寖妯′豢娉曟槸鎸囧湪璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩涓紝鏁欏笀閫氳繃鑷韩瑙勮寖鍖栫殑璇█锛屼负骞煎効鎻愪緵璇█瀛︿範鐨勮寖渚嬶紝璁╁辜鍎垮湪鑹ソ鐨勮瑷�鐜涓帴鍙楁暀鑲诧紝涔犲緱鑹ソ鐨勮鑼冪殑璇█锛屾彁楂樺辜鍎胯瑷�鑳藉姏鐨勪竴绉嶆柟娉曘�傜ず鑼冨彲浠ョ敱鏁欏笀浜茶嚜杩涜锛屾湁鏃朵篃鍙互閲囩敤褰曢煶锛岀敋鑷冲彲浠ヨ璇█鑳藉姏鍙戝睍杈冨ソ鐨勫辜鍎挎潵杩涜绀鸿寖銆傛暀甯堝湪閲囩敤杩欑鏂规硶鏃惰娉ㄦ剰浠ヤ笅鍑犵偣銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e046">1.鏁欏笀鐨勭ず鑼冭瑷�涓�瀹氳瑙勮寖鍒颁綅</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄥ辜鍎垮洯锛屾暀甯堢殑璇█鏄辜鍎挎ā浠跨殑鐩存帴瀵硅薄锛屾暀甯堢殑涓�瑷�涓�琛岋紝骞煎効閮戒細鍚湪鑰抽噷锛岀湅鍦ㄧ溂閲屻�傚鏁欏笀璇翠粈涔堬紝鎬庢牱鐢ㄨ瘝鍜岄�犲彞锛岀敤浠�涔堣█璇潵璇村嚭鑷繁鐨勬劅瑙夛紝璇磋瘽鏃剁殑鎬佸害銆佽〃鎯呭拰鎵嬪娍锛屽鍒汉璇磋瘽鐨勫弽搴旂瓑锛岄兘瀵瑰辜鍎胯捣绀鸿寖浣滅敤銆傜涓�锛屾暀甯堢殑璇█绀鸿寖蹇呴』姝ｇ‘銆佹竻妤氾紝鑰屼笖瑕佸瘜浜庤〃鐜板姏鍜屾劅鏌撳姏銆傜浜岋紝鏁欏笀璇磋瘽鏃惰繕瑕佹敞鎰忚繍鐢ㄩ�傚綋鐨勯煶閲忋�佽璋冦�侀�熷害绛夛紝鐗瑰埆瑕佸己璋冭閫燂紝瑕侀�傚綋鍦版斁鎱㈤�熷害锛岃骞煎効鑳藉惉鎳傘�佽兘鐞嗚В锛屽辜鍎垮彧鏈夊惉鎳備簡銆佺悊瑙ｄ簡锛屾墠鑳藉垱閫犳�у湴妯′豢锛涚涓夛紝鏁欏笀杩樿娉ㄦ剰浣跨敤鍏蜂綋鏄撴噦鐨勮鍙ワ紝灏ゅ叾鏄敤鏉ュ骞煎効鍙戝嚭鎸囦护鐨勮瑷�锛屾洿瑕佺畝鍗曘�佹槑纭�佽鑼冦�傜鍥涳紝鏁欏笀鍦ㄤ笌骞煎効浜ゆ祦鏃朵篃瑕佹敞鎰忚瑷�鐨勮鑼冩�э紝涓嶈兘缁忓父璇村崐鍙ヨ瘽锛屾垨妯′豢骞煎効鐨勯敊璇瘝璇紝渚嬪锛屽3宀佸乏鍙崇殑骞煎効杩樺皢鈥滃悆楗�濊鎴愨�滃悆楗キ鈥濓紝杩欏氨灞炰簬閿欒鐨勮█璇ず鑼冦��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e047">2.鏁欏笀瑕佺伒娲诲湴杩愮敤鈥滄樉鎬хず鑼冣�濆拰鈥滈殣鎬хず鑼冣�濇柟寮�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀鍦ㄨ繘琛岀ず鑼冩椂锛岄拡瀵硅瑷�娲诲姩涓殑閲嶇偣鍜岄毦鐐癸紝鍙互鏄庣‘鎻愬嚭瑕佹眰璁╁辜鍎挎ā浠匡紝杩愮敤鏄炬�хず鑼冪殑鏂瑰紡锛岃骞煎効鏄庣‘搴旇鎬庢牱鍋氾紝骞惰姹傚辜鍎夸粩缁嗚瀵熸暀甯堢殑璇█鍜屽姩浣滐紱瀵逛簬涓�鑸殑璇█鐭ヨ瘑锛屾暀甯堝彲浠ラ噰鐢ㄩ殣鎬хず鑼冪殑鏂瑰紡锛岃骞煎効鍦ㄤ笉鐭ヤ笉瑙変腑寰楀埌鏆楃ず锛岃繘琛屾ā浠匡紝鍏蜂綋閲囩敤浣曠鏂瑰紡锛屽彇鍐充簬骞煎効璇█鍙戝睍鐨勬按骞冲拰鐗圭偣锛屼互鍙婃暀瀛︽椿鍔ㄧ殑瀹為檯銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e048">3.鏁欏笀瑕佺Н鏋佽瀵熷辜鍎跨殑璇█琛ㄧ幇锛屽Ε鍠勫湴杩愮敤寮哄寲鍘熷垯</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀瑕佸叧娉ㄥ辜鍎垮湪娲诲姩涓殑璇█琛ㄧ幇锛屽杽浜庡彂鐜板辜鍎胯瑷�鍙戝睍鐨勪釜浣撳樊寮傛�э紝鍥犳潗鏂芥暀锛岃闅忔椂榧撳姳骞煎効姝ｇ‘鐨勮瑷�琛屼负锛屽苟鍔犱互寮哄寲銆傚瀵硅瑷�鏁欒偛涓毦鍙戝噯鐨勯煶鍜屾柊瀛︿範鐨勮瘝鍙ョ瓑锛屾暀甯堣鍙嶅鍦伴噸鐐圭ず鑼冿紝璁╁辜鍎垮湪鍙嶅缁冧範涓帉鎻°�傚湪杩愮敤寮哄寲鍘熷垯鏃讹紝鏁欏笀涓�鏂归潰瑕佷负骞煎効鎻愪緵妯′豢瀛︿範鐨勮寖渚嬶紝鍙︿竴鏂归潰瑕佸強鏃舵寚鍑洪敊璇紝閬垮厤骞煎効閲嶅涓嶆纭殑璇█锛屼骇鐢熻瀵笺��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d051">锛堜簩锛夎鍚鍋氱粨鍚堟硶</h4>
+ <p>
+ 瑙嗗惉璁插仛缁撳悎娉曟槸鍦ㄨ瑷�鏁欏娲诲姩涓紝鏁欏笀鍚屾椂閲囩敤瑙嗐�佸惉銆佽銆佸仛缁撳悎鐨勬柟娉曪紝渚濇嵁鈥滅洿瑙傛硶鈥濆拰鈥滆瀵熸硶鈥濅互鍙婄粨鍚堝綋鍓嶅辜鍎胯瑷�瀛︿範鐨勭壒娈婃�ц�屾彁鍑虹殑銆傛墍璋撯�滆鈥濓紝鏄寚鏁欏笀鎻愪緵鍏蜂綋褰㈣薄鐨勮杩板璞★紝濡傚疄鐗┿�佸姩鐢汇�佸浘鐗囥�佸浘涔︺�佹儏澧冭〃婕旂瓑锛岃骞煎効鍏呭垎鍦拌瀵燂紝鑾峰緱瀵硅瑷�鏉愭枡鐨勬劅鐭ワ紱鎵�璋撯�滃惉鈥濓紝鏄寚鏁欏笀鐢ㄨ瑷�鎻忚堪銆佸惎鍙戙�佸紩瀵笺�佹殫绀恒�佺ず鑼冪瓑锛屽紩瀵煎拰缁勭粐骞煎効杩涜璁ㄨ锛岃骞煎効鍏呭垎鍦版劅鐭ヤ笌棰嗕細锛�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="62">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(62) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">
+ 绗笁绔� 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐨勭洰鏍囥�佸唴瀹广�佹柟娉曚笌閫斿緞
+ </li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">055</li>
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鎵�璋撯�滆鈥濓紝鏄寚骞煎効鍦ㄦ劅鐭ョ悊瑙ｇ殑鍩虹涓婏紝鍏呭垎鍦拌〃杩颁釜浜虹殑璁よ瘑锛涙墍璋撯�滃仛鈥濓紝鏄寚鏁欏笀缁欏辜鍎挎彁渚涗竴瀹氱殑鎯宠薄绌洪棿锛岄�氳繃骞煎効鐨勫弬涓庢垨鐙珛鐨勬搷浣滄椿鍔紝甯姪骞煎効鍏呭垎鍦版瀯鎬濓紝浠庤�岀粍缁囪捣鏇村姞涓板瘜銆佽繛璐�佸畬鏁淬�佸瘜鏈夊垱閫犳�х殑璇█鏉ヨ繘琛岃〃杩般��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鈥滆鍚鍋氣�濆繀椤绘湁鏈哄湴缁撳悎璧锋潵锛岃鍚殑鍐呭涓昏鐢辨暀甯堢粍缁囧辜鍎垮弬涓庯紝鏉愭枡鐢辨暀甯堟彁渚涳紝鏈�鍚庣敱骞煎効閫氳繃璁插拰鍋氫綋鐜板嚭鏉ワ紝鏈�缁堣浆鍖栦负骞煎効鐨勮瑷�鑳藉姏銆傚洜姝わ紝杩欏洓涓柟闈㈤兘瑕佹湇鍔′簬骞煎効璇█鑳藉姏鐨勫彂灞曪紝鐩镐簰鑱旂郴褰㈡垚鏁翠綋銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>杩欎竴鏂规硶鐨勫叿浣撹繍鐢ㄨ娉ㄦ剰浠ヤ笅鍑犱釜鏂归潰銆�</p>
+ <h5 id="e049">1.杈呭姪鏉愭枡鏉ユ簮浜庡辜鍎跨敓娲�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀鎻愪緵鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勮緟鍔╂潗鏂欏寘鎷棰戣祫鏂欍�侀煶棰戣祫鏂欍�佸浘鐗囪祫鏂欍�佸疄鐗╂潗鏂欑瓑锛屾潗鏂欐墍鍙嶆槧鐨勫唴瀹瑰簲璇ユ槸鏉ユ簮浜庡辜鍎挎棩甯哥敓娲昏寖鍥翠箣鍐呯殑銆佸辜鍎挎帴瑙﹁繃鐨勬垨姣旇緝鐔熸倝鐨勩�傝繖鏍凤紝骞煎効鎵嶆洿瀹规槗鐞嗚В鍜屾帉鎻★紝鎵嶈兘鏇村ソ鍦颁负璇█鍙戝睍鏈嶅姟銆備緥濡傦紝鍦ㄨ杩扮粯鏈晠浜嬫椂锛屾暀甯堝彲浠ヤ负骞煎効鎻愪緵涓�浜涘ご楗般�佹湇瑁呯瓑锛岃骞煎効鍦ㄨ鑹叉壆婕斾腑鏇村ソ鍦扮悊瑙ｆ晠浜嬬殑鍐呭銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e050">2.缁欎簣骞煎効瑙傚療鐨勬椂闂村拰绌洪棿</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鏃犺鏄瑙夌殑杩樻槸鍚鐨勫唴瀹癸紝鏁欏笀閮借鐣欑粰骞煎効涓�瀹氱殑瑙傚療鏃堕棿鍜岀┖闂存潵鎰熺煡鍜岀悊瑙ｅ唴瀹广�傚鐪嬪浘璁茶堪銆佸疄鐗╄杩般�佸疄鍐佃〃婕旂瓑閮藉繀椤昏璁╁辜鍎挎湁涓�瀹氱殑鏃堕棿浠旂粏鐪嬪浘锛岀湅瀹炵墿锛岀湅琛ㄦ紨浠ョ悊瑙ｅ叾涓昏鍐呭锛岃繖鏍锋墠鑳藉厖鍒嗗彂鎸モ�滆鈥濃�滃惉鈥濈殑浣滅敤锛屼负鈥滆鈥濃�滃仛鈥濆瀹氬熀纭�銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鎬讳箣锛岃繍鐢ㄨ銆佸惉銆佽銆佸仛缁撳悎娉曡骞煎効瀛︿範璇█锛屽彲浣垮辜鍎胯繍鐢ㄥ绉嶆劅瀹樺弬涓庡涔狅紝鍦ㄤ績杩涜瑷�鍙戝睍鐨勫悓鏃讹紝涔熶績杩涗簡骞煎効璁ょ煡銆佹儏鎰熷拰绀句細鎬х瓑澶氭柟闈㈢殑鍙戝睍銆�
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">妗堜緥3-2</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-1">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <b
+ >灏忕彮璇█娲诲姩銆婂埛鐗欐瓕銆�<a id="w1"></a
+ ><a href="chapter003.html#m1"><sup>[1]</sup></a></b
+ >
+ </p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩鐩爣锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�1锛夊湪鐞嗚В鍎挎瓕鍐呭鐨勫熀纭�涓婏紝鏈楄鍎挎瓕锛岄噸鐐瑰康鍑嗏�滃埛鈥濓紙shu膩锛夌殑瀛楅煶銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�2锛夋噦寰椾繚鎶ょ墮榻跨殑閲嶈鎬с��</p>
+ <p>锛�3锛夋帉鎻″埛鐗欑殑姝ｇ‘鏂规硶锛屽潥鎸佹棭鏅氬埛鐗欙紝鍏绘垚璁插崼鐢熺殑濂戒範鎯��</p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩鍑嗗锛�</b></p>
+ <p>锛�1锛夎浠讹紙鈶犮�婅�佽檸鎷旂墮銆嬬殑鍔ㄧ敾鐗囷紱鈶¤摑鐚�佽彶鑿茬殑銆婂埛鐗欐瓕銆嬶級銆�</p>
+ <p>锛�2锛夊埛鐗欑敤鍝佹瘡浜轰竴濂椼��</p>
+ <p>锛�3锛夊綍闊虫満銆侀煶涔愮甯︺��</p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="63">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(63) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">056</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>1.鎻掓斁銆婅�佽檸鎷旂墮銆嬭浠�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鈥滃皬鏈嬪弸锛屽惉璇村ぇ鑰佽檸鐨勭墮榻垮叏閮借鐙愮嫺鍖荤敓缁欐嫈鎺変簡锛屼綘浠煡閬撹繖鏄负浠�涔堝悧锛熻鎴戜滑涓�璧峰幓鐪嬬湅鍚э紒鈥�
+ </p>
+ <p>鎾斁璇句欢鈶狅紝瑙傜湅鍚庢彁闂細</p>
+ <p>鈥滀负浠�涔堣�佽檸鐨勭墮榻胯鎷旀帀浜嗗憖锛熲�濓紙瀹冪埍鍚冪硸锛屽悆浜嗙硸锛屼笉鍒风墮銆傦級</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀灏忕粨锛氳�佽檸鐖卞悆绯栵紝鍚冧簡绯栦笉鍒风墮涔熶笉婕卞彛锛屾椂闂翠竴闀匡紝鐗欓娇閮借鐗欒櫕缁欒泙浜嗭紝寮曡捣鐗欑棝锛屾渶鍚庣嫄鐙稿尰鐢熸妸瀹冪殑鐗欓娇鍏ㄧ粰鎷旀帀浜嗭紝灏忔湅鍙嬩互鍚庡彲瑕佸皯鍚冪硸锛屽悆浜嗙硸瑕佹敞鎰忓埛鐗欐垨婕卞彛銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>2.瀛︿範銆婂埛鐗欐瓕銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�1锛夆�滃垰鎵嶅挶浠湅鍒拌�佽檸涓嶇埍鍒风墮锛屼笉璁插崼鐢燂紝閭ｅ挶浠啀鐪嬭摑鐚拰鑿茶彶瀹冧滑鏄�庢牱鍋氱殑鍛紵鈥濇挱鏀炬棤澹扮殑璇句欢鈶★紝璁╁辜鍎胯鐪嬶紝鎻愰棶锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>A.钃濈尗銆佽彶鑿插畠浠湪骞蹭粈涔堬紵锛堝埛鐗欙級</p>
+ <p>B.瀹冧滑涓�鑸湪浠�涔堟椂闂村埛鐗欙紵锛堟棭涓娿�佹櫄涓婂埛鐗欙級</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀灏忕粨锛氬锛屾垜浠ぇ瀹堕兘瑕佹棭銆佹櫄鍒风墮锛岃繖鏍锋垜浠殑鐗欓娇灏变細鍙堢櫧鍙堝仴搴枫��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ C.瀹冧滑鏄�庝箞鍒风墮鐨勶紵璁╂垜浠啀鏉ョ湅涓�鐪嬶紝鍚竴鍚�傦紙鎾斁鏈夊０鐨勮浠垛憽锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�2锛夎骞煎効涓�杈圭湅銆佷竴杈瑰惉锛屾璧忓効姝屻��</p>
+ <p>銆�銆�銆�銆�<b>鍒风墮姝�</b></p>
+ <p>銆�銆�灏忕墮鍒凤紝鎵嬩腑鎷匡紝</p>
+ <p>銆�銆�鏃╂櫄閮借鍒峰埛鐗欙紝</p>
+ <p>銆�銆�閲岄噷澶栧涓�璧峰埛锛�</p>
+ <p>銆�銆�鍒峰埛鍒凤紝鍒峰埛鍒凤紝</p>
+ <p>銆�銆�鐗欓娇鍒峰緱鐧借姳鑺便��</p>
+ <p>锛�3锛夋暀甯堢ず鑼冩湕璇靛効姝屻��</p>
+ <p>锛�4锛夋暀骞煎効鏈楄锛屽苟閰嶄笂鐩稿簲鐨勫姩浣溿��</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�5锛夊啀娆℃挱鏀捐浠躲�婂埛鐗欐瓕銆嬶紝璁╁辜鍎胯窡鐫�闊充箰涓�杈规湕璇靛効姝岋紝涓�杈瑰仛妯′豢鍔ㄤ綔銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>3.娓告垙閮ㄥ垎</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�1锛夆�滃皬鏈嬪弸锛屼綘浠钃濈尗銆佽彶鑿插畠浠埛鐗欏埛寰楄鐪熷悧锛燂紙璁ょ湡锛変綘浠兂瀛﹀畠浠埛鐗欏悧锛熲�濓紙鎯筹級鈥滄潵锛岃鎴戜滑寮�鐫�鐏溅鍘绘礂婕卞煄鍒风墮鍘伙紒鈥濓紙甯﹀辜鍎挎潵鍒版礂婕卞煄锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�2锛夋暀甯堢ず鑼冨苟璁茶В鍒风墮鏂规硶銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�3锛夎骞煎効鍔ㄦ墜鍒风墮锛屾暀甯堝贰鍥炴寚瀵硷紝寮鸿皟鍒风墮鐨勬纭柟娉曘�傦紙閰嶄笂褰曢煶銆婂埛鐗欐瓕銆嬶級
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�4锛夎璇勶細姣斾竴姣旇皝鐨勭墮榻垮埛寰楁渶骞插噣銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ <b>璇勬瀽锛�</b
+ >杩欎釜璇█娲诲姩鏍规嵁灏忔湅鍙嬪枩娆㈢湅鍔ㄧ敾鐗囩殑鐗圭偣锛屽辜鍎垮湪瑙傜湅涓緱鍒板惎绀猴紝骞跺涔犱簡鍎挎瓕銆傛暣涓椿鍔ㄥ厖鍒嗚繍鐢ㄤ簡瑙嗗惉璁插仛缁撳悎娉曪紝璋冨姩璧峰辜鍎挎椿鍔ㄧ殑涓诲姩鎬с�佺Н鏋佹�э紝鏀跺埌浜嗚緝濂界殑鏁欒偛鏁堟灉銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="64">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(64) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">
+ 绗笁绔� 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐨勭洰鏍囥�佸唴瀹广�佹柟娉曚笌閫斿緞
+ </li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">057</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <h4 id="d052">锛堜笁锛夋父鎴忔硶</h4>
+ <p>
+ 娓告垙娉曟槸鎸囨暀甯堣繍鐢ㄦ湁瑙勫垯鐨勬父鎴忥紝璁粌骞煎効姝ｇ‘鍙戦煶锛屼赴瀵屽辜鍎胯瘝姹囧拰鍙ュ瀷锛屽彂灞曞辜鍎胯瑷�鑳藉姏鐨勪竴绉嶆柟娉曘�傘�婄翰瑕併�嬫寚鍑猴細骞煎効鍥暀鑲插簲浠ユ父鎴忎负鍩烘湰娲诲姩锛屼繚鏁欏苟閲嶏紝鍏虫敞涓埆宸紓锛屼績杩涙瘡涓辜鍎垮瘜鏈変釜鎬у彂灞曘�傛父鎴忔槸绗﹀悎骞煎効骞撮緞鐗圭偣鐨勬椿鍔紝杩愮敤娓告垙鏂规硶杩涜鏁欒偛鏄辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛涓父瑙佺殑娲诲姩鏂瑰紡涔嬩竴銆傚湪浣跨敤娓告垙娉曞紑灞曡瑷�鏁欏鏃讹紝瑕佸仛鍒颁互涓嬩袱涓柟闈€��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e051">1.鏄庣‘鐩爣鍜屾父鎴忚鍒�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 娓告垙瑙勫垯骞朵笉鏄暀甯堝嚟绌哄埗瀹氱殑锛岃�屾槸鏁欏笀鍦ㄨ璁¤瑷�娓告垙鏃讹紝鏍规嵁鍏蜂綋鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛鐩爣锛岄�夋嫨閫傚綋鐨勮瑷�瀛︿範鍐呭锛屽苟灏嗘湰娆℃椿鍔ㄧ殑璇█瀛︿範閲嶇偣杞寲涓轰竴瀹氱殑娓告垙瑙勫垯銆傚綋骞煎効鍙備笌娓告垙鏃讹紝浠栦滑蹇呴』閬靛畧涓�瀹氱殑娓告垙瑙勫垯锛屾寜鐓ц鍒欒繘琛屾父鎴忥紝浠庝腑鍙戝睍璇█鑳藉姏銆備緥濡傦紝灏忕彮璇█娓告垙娲诲姩鈥滃北涓婃湁涓湪澶翠汉鈥濈殑娲诲姩鐩爣涔嬩竴涓哄辜鍎胯兘姝ｇ‘鍙戝嚭鈥滃北銆佷笂銆佷笁鈥濈瓑瀛楅煶锛屽尯鍒玸鍜宻h锛屔憂鍜屔憂g绛夐煶銆傛父鎴忔椂骞煎効椤诲康鍎挎瓕锛屸�滃北锛屽北锛屽北锛屽北涓婃湁涓湪澶翠汉銆備笁锛屼笁锛屼笁锛屼笁涓ソ鐜╃殑鏈ㄥご浜猴紝涓嶈璇磋瘽涓嶈鍔ㄢ�濓紝骞跺彲鑷敱鍋氬姩浣溿�傚効姝屽姩浣滃仛瀹屽悗灏变笉鑳藉姩锛屼篃涓嶈兘鍙戝嚭澹伴煶銆傚辜鍎块�氳繃閲嶅娓告垙鑳借揪鍒板涔犲彂闊崇殑鐩爣銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e052">2.鍒涜鎯呭锛屾縺鍙戝叴瓒�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄨ繍鐢ㄦ父鎴忔硶寮�灞曡瑷�鏁欏鏃讹紝鏁欏笀搴旀牴鎹父鎴忛渶瑕侊紝涓哄辜鍎垮垱璁炬儏澧冿紝閰嶅悎鏁欏叿鎴栧鍏峰紑灞曠粌涔犮�傚璇█娓告垙鈥滃叕楦″ご姣嶉浮澶粹�濅腑锛屾暀甯堝彲浠ヤ负骞煎効鍒朵綔涓撻棬鐨勬墜鍋讹紝璁╁辜鍎夸袱涓ょ粨浼磋〃婕斺�滃叕楦″ご锛屾瘝楦″ご锛岄粍璞嗛粍璞嗗湪鍝ご锛熷湪杩欏ご锛屽湪閭ｅご锛岃浣犵寽鐚滃湪鍝ご鈥濈殑娓告垙娲诲姩銆傚垱璁炬儏澧冿紝璁╂瘡涓辜鍎块兘鏈夋満浼氳〃婕旀父鎴忔椿鍔紝浠庤�岃浠栦滑涓嶆柇缁冧範鍏浮銆佹瘝楦°�侀粍璞嗙瓑璇嶈鐨勫彂闊筹紝鍙戝睍骞煎効鐨勮瑷�鑳藉姏銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d053">锛堝洓锛夎〃婕旀硶</h4>
+ <p>
+ 琛ㄦ紨娉曟槸鎸囧湪鏁欏笀鐨勬寚瀵间笅锛屽辜鍎挎壆婕旀枃瀛︿綔鍝佷腑鐨勪汉鐗╋紝鏍规嵁浣滃搧鎯呰妭鐨勫彂灞曪紝閫氳繃瀵硅瘽銆佸姩浣溿�佽〃鎯呯瓑鍐嶇幇鏂囧浣滃搧锛屽姞娣卞辜鍎垮浣滃搧鐨勮璇嗭紝鎻愰珮骞煎効璇█琛ㄧ幇鍔涘拰鍒涢�犳�х殑涓�绉嶆柟娉曘�傚皢琛ㄦ紨寮曞叆骞煎効璇█鏁欏涓紝鑳戒娇骞煎効鍑嗙‘鍦版帉鎻¤瑷�鏂囧瓧锛屾寔涔呭湴淇濇寔璇█瀛︿範鐨勫姩鍔涖�傝繖涓�鏂规硶鍦ㄨ繍鐢ㄦ椂瑕佹眰鍋氬埌浠ヤ笅涓や釜鏂归潰銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e053">1.鐞嗚В浣滃搧锛屾帉鎻′綔鍝�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀蹇呴』鍦ㄥ辜鍎跨悊瑙ｆ晠浜嬨�佽瘲姝屻�佹暎鏂囥�佺粫鍙ｄ护绛夋枃瀛︿綔鍝侊紝骞惰兘鐔熺粌鏈楄鎴栬杩扮殑鍩虹涓婏紝鎸囧骞煎効姝ｇ‘鍦拌繍鐢ㄥ０璋冦�侀煹寰嬨�佽妭濂忋�侀�熷害绛夎繘琛岃瘲姝屻�佹暎鏂囩殑鏈楄鍜岃〃婕斻�備緥濡傦紝鍦ㄧ粯鏈晠浜嬨�婂皬鐚彉褰㈣銆嬩腑锛屼负浜嗚骞煎効鏇村ソ鍦扮悊瑙ｆ晠浜嬬殑鍐呭锛屽彲寮曞骞煎効璁ㄨ锛氣�滃皬鐚负浠�涔堜笉鎯冲仛涓�鍙皬鐚簡锛熷畠鎯冲彉鎴愪粈涔堬紵瀹冩槸鎬庝箞鍙樺寲鐨勶紵灏忕尓鍙樺寲浜嗗張鍙戠敓浜嗕粈涔堝憿锛熲�濋�氳繃杩欎簺闂锛屽姞娣卞辜鍎垮鏁呬簨鐨勭悊瑙ｏ紝璁╁辜鍎夸綋楠屽皬鐚殑蹇冪悊鍙樺寲锛屼负琛ㄦ紨鏁呬簨鎵撲笅鍩虹銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e054">2.浣撻獙瑙掕壊锛屽涔犲璇�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀蹇呴』鍦ㄥ辜鍎跨悊瑙ｆ晠浜嬪唴瀹广�佺啛鎮変汉鐗╁璇濅互鍙婄煡閬撹鑹插績鐞嗙殑鍩虹涓婏紝鎸�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="65">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(65) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">058</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 瀵煎辜鍎挎纭湴杩愮敤璇█銆佸姩浣溿�佽〃鎯呯瓑鎵紨瑙掕壊锛屽啀鐜版晠浜嬫儏鑺傦紝骞堕紦鍔卞辜鍎垮湪鏁呬簨琛ㄦ紨杩囩▼涓垱鏂板唴瀹癸紝澧炲姞鎯呰妭涓庡璇濓紝鎭板綋鍦拌繘琛屽姩浣滆璁″強浜虹墿鐨勫績鐞嗗埢鐢诲拰娓叉煋銆備緥濡傦紝鍦ㄥぇ鐝瑷�鏁呬簨銆婄尗绉嶈�侀紶銆嬩腑锛屼负浜嗚骞煎効鏇村ソ鍦扮悊瑙ｆ晠浜嬫儏鑺傦紝鏁欏笀鎻愪緵浜嗙尗鍜岃�侀紶鐨勫ご楗帮紝鍒涜鐚紶鐩搁亣鐨勫満鏅紝榧撳姳骞煎効寮�鍔ㄨ剳绛嬶紝鎷撳睍鑷繁鐨勬兂璞°��
+ </p>
+ <p class="center openImgBox">
+ <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../../images/0078-1.jpg" />
+ </p>
+ <p class="img">
+ 鍥�3-1 缁樻湰銆婂皬鐚彉褰㈣銆�<a id="w2"></a
+ ><a href="chapter003.html#m2"><sup>[2]</sup></a>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀蹇呴』鍦ㄥ辜鍎跨悊瑙ｆ晠浜嬪唴瀹广�佺啛鎮変汉鐗╁璇濅互鍙婄煡閬撹鑹插績鐞嗙殑鍩虹涓婏紝鎸囧骞煎効姝ｇ‘鍦拌繍鐢ㄨ瑷�銆佸姩浣溿�佽〃鎯呯瓑鎵紨瑙掕壊锛屽啀鐜版晠浜嬫儏鑺傦紝骞堕紦鍔卞辜鍎垮湪鏁呬簨琛ㄦ紨杩囩▼涓垱鏂板唴瀹癸紝澧炲姞鎯呰妭涓庡璇濓紝鎭板綋鍦拌繘琛屽姩浣滆璁″強浜虹墿鐨勫績鐞嗗埢鐢诲拰娓叉煋銆備緥濡傦紝鍦ㄥぇ鐝瑷�鏁呬簨銆婄尗绉嶈�侀紶銆嬩腑锛屼负浜嗚骞煎効鏇村ソ鍦扮悊瑙ｆ晠浜嬫儏鑺傦紝鏁欏笀鎻愪緵浜嗙尗鍜岃�侀紶鐨勫ご楗帮紝鍒涜鐚紶鐩搁亣鐨勫満鏅紝榧撳姳骞煎効寮�鍔ㄨ剳绛嬶紝鎷撳睍鑷繁鐨勬兂璞°��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d054">锛堜簲锛夌粌涔犳硶</h4>
+ <p>
+ 缁冧範娉曟槸鎸囨暀甯堝湪璇█娲诲姩涓紝鏈夋剰璇嗗湴璁╁辜鍎块拡瀵圭壒瀹氱殑瑷�璇洜绱狅紝鍦ㄤ笉鍚岀殑鍐呭鎴栫幆澧冧腑鍙嶅杩愮敤锛屽珐鍥烘墍瀛︾殑璇█鐭ヨ瘑锛岃幏寰楄瑷�鎶�鑳芥妧宸х殑涓�绉嶆柟娉曘�傚湪骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩涓紝缁冧範涓昏浠ュ彛澶寸粌涔犱负涓伙紝寮鸿皟璇█杩愮敤鑳藉姏鐨勫煿鍏汇�傚湪浣跨敤缁冧範娉曟椂搴旀敞鎰忎互涓嬩袱涓柟闈€��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e055">1.瑕佹槑纭粌涔犵洰鏍囷紝瑕佹眰瑕佸叿浣�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄦ瘡涓�娆＄粌涔犲墠鏁欏笀瑕佺粰骞煎効鎻愬嚭鏄庣‘鐨勭洰鏍囷紝閫愭鎻愰珮缁冧範鐨勮姹傘�備緥濡傦紝涓轰簡鏇村ソ鍦拌骞煎効鍖哄垎骞崇繕鑸岄煶锛屽彲璁╁ぇ鐝辜鍎垮涔犵粫鍙ｄ护銆婂洓鍜屽崄銆嬨�傚綋骞煎効瀛﹀康缁曞彛浠ゆ椂锛屾暀甯堝彲鏀炬參閫熷害璁╁辜鍎跨粌涔狅紝浣嗗繀椤诲康鍑嗗洓鍜屽崄杩欎袱涓煶锛涘綋骞煎効鎺屾彙浣滃搧鍚庯紝鏁欏笀搴旀彁楂樿姹傦紝璁╁辜鍎垮揩閫熷湴蹇碉紱杩樺彲浠ュ厛閲囩敤闆嗕綋缁冧範锛屽啀鍒板辜鍎垮崟鐙揩閫熷湴缁冧範锛屼娇缁冧範鐨勯毦搴︾敱灏忓彉澶с��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e056">2.褰㈠紡澶氭牱锛屾縺鍙戝叴瓒�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄨ瑷�缁冧範涓紝鏁欏笀鍙牴鎹瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勭被鍨嬶紝閫夋嫨涓嶅悓鐨勭粌涔犳柟寮忥紝浠庤�岃皟鍔ㄥ辜鍎跨粌涔犵殑绉瀬鎬с�傜粌涔犳柟寮忓簲鐢熷姩銆佹椿娉硷紝褰㈠紡鍙樺寲澶氭牱锛岄伩鍏嶇畝鍗曘�佹灟鐕ョ殑閲嶅銆傛瘮濡傦紝鍎挎瓕缁冧範鍙�氳繃鐢峰涓庡コ瀛┿�佹暀甯堜笌骞煎効涓�闂竴绛旂殑鏂瑰紡杩涜锛屼篃鍙互閫氳繃娓告垙鐨勬柟寮忚繘琛岋紝杩樺彲浠ラ�氳繃琛ㄦ紨杩涜銆傛�讳箣锛屾暀甯堝簲鍏呭垎涓哄辜鍎挎彁渚涚粌涔犵殑鏈轰細锛屾縺鍙戝辜鍎跨粌涔犵殑鍏磋叮锛岃骞煎効鍦ㄧ粌涔犱腑鐞嗚В銆佽蹇嗐�佽繍鐢ㄤ範寰楃殑璇█銆傛暀甯堣鐗瑰埆閲嶈鍩瑰吇骞煎効鍦ㄧ粌涔犱腑鑳戒妇涓�鍙嶄笁銆佹伆褰撹繍鐢ㄨ瑷�鐨勮兘鍔涖��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 浠ヤ笂鍒椾妇鐨勬柟娉曟槸骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩涓瘮杈冨父鐢ㄧ殑鍑犵锛屽叾浠栬繕鏈夎瑙ｆ硶銆佽皥璇濇硶绛夛紝鏁欏笀鍦ㄥ疄闄呮暀瀛︿腑锛岄渶瑕佹牴鎹叿浣撴潯浠讹紝缁撳悎鏈彮骞煎効璇█鍙戝睍鍜岃瑷�瀛︿範鐨勭壒鐐癸紝渚濇嵁娲诲姩鐩爣鍜屽唴瀹癸紝鐏垫椿鍦拌繍鐢ㄥ悇绉嶆柟娉曪紝鏈夌殑鏀剧煝鍦拌繘琛岃瑷�鏁欒偛銆傚緢澶氭椂鍊欙紝鍚勭鏁欒偛杩樺彲浠ヤ簰鐩搁厤鍚堛�佷氦鍙変娇鐢紝浜掔浉琛ュ厖銆佺患鍚堣繍鐢紝浠ュ叡鍚屼績杩涘辜鍎胯瑷�鐨勫彂灞曘��
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m1"></a><a href="chapter003.html#w1">[1]</a>
+ 鏈椿鍔ㄥ紩鑷儭绠�.骞煎効鍥暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄦ渚嬬偣璇勶蓟M锛�.姝︽眽锛氭姹夌悊宸ュぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2012锛�4-5.鎺堣鏁欏笀锛氭綔姹熷競濡囪仈灏忔槦鏄熷辜鍎垮洯鍒樹附锛岄儴鍒嗗唴瀹规湁鏀瑰姩.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="66">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(66) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">
+ 绗笁绔� 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐨勭洰鏍囥�佸唴瀹广�佹柟娉曚笌閫斿緞
+ </li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">059</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <h3 id="c020">浜屻�佸辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勯�斿緞</h3>
+ <h4 id="d055">锛堜竴锛変笓闂ㄧ殑璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩</h4>
+ <p>
+ 涓撻棬鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鏄暀甯堟牴鎹瑷�鏁欒偛鐩爣锛屾湁鐩殑銆佹湁璁″垝銆佹湁缁勭粐鍦板紩瀵煎辜鍎跨郴缁熻鑼冨湴瀛︿範璇█鐨勮繃绋嬨�備笓闂ㄧ殑璇█鏁欒偛鏄疄鐜拌瑷�鏁欒偛鐩爣鐨勬湁鏁堥�斿緞锛屾槸钀藉疄璇█鏁欒偛浠诲姟鐨勫叿浣撴墜娈点��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e057">1.涓撻棬鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勭壒鐐�</h5>
+ <p>锛�1锛変笓闂ㄧ殑璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鏄湁鐩殑鐨勮瑷�瀛︿範杩囩▼銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 涓撻棬鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩涓庡辜鍎垮湪鏃ュ父鐜涓殑闅忔剰鎬у拰鍋剁劧鎬ц瑷�瀛︿範涓嶅悓锛屽畠鍏锋湁鏄庣‘鐨勬寚鍚戞�э紝鏈夌洰鐨勫湴鍒涜鍑轰績杩涘辜鍎胯瑷�鍙戝睍鐨勭幆澧冦�傝繖绉嶆湁鐩殑鐨勫涔犺繃绋嬶紝鑳藉閫氳繃娲诲姩鐩爣銆佹椿鍔ㄥ唴瀹圭殑璁捐锛屼娇鍏ㄤ綋骞煎効鐨勮瑷�寰楀埌鍙戝睍銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�2锛変笓闂ㄧ殑璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鏄湁璁″垝鐨勮瑷�瀛︿範杩囩▼銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鍑℃槸浜轰滑杩涜璇█浜ゅ線鐨勫満鍚堬紝閮戒负骞煎効瀛︿範璇█鎻愪緵浜嗘満浼氬拰鏉′欢銆備絾鏄紝鎵�鏈夎繖浜涢潪姝ｅ紡鐨勮瑷�瀛︿範鍦哄悎锛岄兘鏄病鏈夎鍒掔殑锛屾槸闅忔剰鐨勶紝骞煎効浠庝腑鎵�鍚告敹鍒扮殑璇█淇℃伅鏉愭枡涓�鑸篃鏄敮绂荤牬纰庣殑锛屽浜庡辜鍎胯瑷�鍙戝睍鐨勫奖鍝嶅繀鐒舵槸涓嶅叏闈㈢殑銆備笓闂ㄧ殑璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩灏变笉涓�鏍蜂簡锛屽畠鏄竴绉嶆湁璁″垝鐨勮瑷�瀛︿範杩囩▼銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�3锛変笓闂ㄧ殑璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鏄湁缁勭粐鐨勮瑷�瀛︿範杩囩▼銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄨ繖绉嶆湁缁勭粐鐨勮繃绋嬩腑锛屾暀甯堟牴鎹辜鍎胯瑷�鍙戝睍鐗圭偣锛屽叧娉ㄥ辜鍎垮凡鏈夌殑璇█缁忛獙锛屽苟鍦ㄦ鍩虹涓婏紝涓哄辜鍎挎彁渚涘悇绉嶈瑷�浜ゅ線鐨勬儏澧冿紝浣垮辜鍎块�氳繃瀛︿範锛屽啀娆″皢鏂扮殑璇█缁忛獙杞寲涓哄凡鏈夌殑璇█缁忛獙锛岀敱姝ゅ惊搴忔笎杩涳紝浣垮辜鍎跨殑璇█涓嶆柇寰楀埌鍙戝睍銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e058">2.涓撻棬鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勫舰寮�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 涓撻棬鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鎸夌収鏁欒偛鐩爣鍜屽唴瀹圭殑涓嶅悓鍙垎涓烘枃瀛︽椿鍔ㄣ�佽皥璇濇椿鍔ㄣ�佽杩版椿鍔ㄣ�佹棭鏈熼槄璇绘椿鍔ㄣ�佸惉璇存父鎴忔椿鍔ㄧ瓑褰㈠紡銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�1锛夋枃瀛︽椿鍔ㄣ��</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏂囧娲诲姩浠庢煇涓�鍏蜂綋鏂囧浣滃搧鍏ユ墜锛屼负骞煎効鎻愪緵涓�涓叏闈㈢殑瀛︿範璇█鐨勬満浼氾紝浣夸粬浠湪鐞嗚В銆佹劅鍙椾綔鍝佺殑杩囩▼涓紝娆ｈ祻銆佸涔犮�佽繍鐢ㄦ枃瀛︿綔鍝佹墍鎻愪緵鐨勬湁璐ㄩ噺鐨勮瑷�銆傛枃瀛︽椿鍔ㄧ潃閲嶅煿鍏诲辜鍎挎璧忔枃瀛︿綔鍝佺殑鑳藉姏锛屼互鍙婂埄鐢ㄦ枃瀛﹁瑷�琛ㄨ揪鎯宠薄鍜岀敓娲荤粡楠岀殑鑳藉姏銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�2锛夎皥璇濇椿鍔ㄣ��</p>
+ <p>
+ 璋堣瘽娲诲姩鍒涜鐨勬槸鏃ュ父鍙ｈ浜ゅ線鎯呭锛屾牴鎹辜鍎垮凡鏈夌殑鐭ヨ瘑缁忛獙锛屽洿缁曚竴瀹氱殑涓婚锛屽湪鏁欏笀鐨勭粍缁囦笅锛屽辜鍎夸笌鏁欏笀銆佹暀甯堜笌骞煎効銆佸辜鍎夸箣闂寸浉浜掍氦娴佽嚜宸辩殑鎯虫硶鍜屾儏鎰燂紝褰㈡垚涓�瀹氳璇嗭紝杩欐槸淇冭繘骞煎効鍙ｅご璇█琛ㄨ揪鑳藉姏鍜岀悊瑙ｈ兘鍔涚殑涓�绉嶅舰寮忥紝杩欑褰㈠紡锛屽辜鍎垮洯鍚勫勾榫勯樁娈甸兘鍙粍缁囥��
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�3锛夎杩版椿鍔ㄣ��</p>
+ <p>
+ 璁茶堪娲诲姩涓昏涓哄辜鍎垮垱璁炬寮忕殑鍙ｈ琛ㄨ揪鎯呭銆傚辜鍎胯兘鏈夋満浼氬湪闆嗕綋闈㈠墠琛ㄨ揪鑷繁瀵规煇涓�鍥剧墖銆佸疄鐗╂垨鎯呮櫙鐨勮璇嗐�佺湅娉曠瓑锛屽涔犺〃杩扮殑鏂规硶鍜屾妧鑳姐�傝繖绫绘椿鍔ㄥ煿鍏诲辜鍎胯鐪熷�惧惉鐨勪範鎯拰瀹屾暣銆佽繛璐�佹竻妤氱殑琛ㄨ堪鑳藉姏锛屼績杩涘叾鐙櫧璇█鐨勫彂灞曘��
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="67">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(67) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">060</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鑷繁瀵规煇涓�鍥剧墖銆佸疄鐗╂垨鎯呮櫙鐨勮璇嗐�佺湅娉曠瓑锛屽涔犺〃杩扮殑鏂规硶鍜屾妧鑳姐�傝繖绫绘椿鍔ㄥ煿鍏诲辜鍎胯鐪熷�惧惉鐨勪範鎯拰瀹屾暣銆佽繛璐�佹竻妤氱殑琛ㄨ堪鑳藉姏锛屼績杩涘叾鐙櫧璇█鐨勫彂灞曘��
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�4锛夋棭鏈熼槄璇绘椿鍔ㄣ��</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏃╂湡闃呰娲诲姩鍒╃敤鍥句功銆佺粯鐢讳负骞煎効鍒涜涔﹂潰璇█鐜锛屼娇骞煎効鏈夋満浼氭帴瑙︿功闈㈣瑷�锛屼簡瑙ｈ瑷�鐨勫熀鏈枃鍖栧唴娑点�傛棭鏈熼槄璇绘椿鍔ㄩ噸鐐瑰煿鍏诲辜鍎垮涔﹂潰璇█鐨勫叴瓒ｏ紝寮曞浠栦滑閫愭笎浜х敓瀵规眽瀛楃殑鏁忔劅鎬э紝涓板瘜浠栦滑鍓嶉槄璇诲拰鍓嶄功鍐欑殑缁忛獙銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�5锛夊惉璇存父鎴忔椿鍔ㄣ��</p>
+ <p>
+ 鍚娓告垙涓哄辜鍎挎彁渚涗竴绉嶆父鎴忔儏澧冿紝浣垮辜鍎垮湪娓告垙涓寜涓�瀹氳鍒欑粌涔犲彛澶磋瑷�锛屽煿鍏诲辜鍎垮湪鍙ｈ浜ゅ線娲诲姩涓揩閫熴�佹満鏅恒�佺伒娲诲湴鍊惧惉鍜岃〃杈剧殑鑳藉姏銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 杩欏嚑绫绘椿鍔ㄤ负骞煎効鍒涜涓嶅悓鎬ц川鐨勮瑷�浜ら檯鐜锛屼娇骞煎効鍦ㄨ繖浜涚幆澧冧腑寰楀埌鍏ㄩ潰鍙戝睍璇█鐨勬満浼氾紝浣嗕笉鍚屾�ц川鐨勬椿鍔ㄥ骞煎効鐨勮瑷�瀛︿範鏈変笉鍚岀殑浠峰�硷紝杩欏嚑绫绘椿鍔ㄧ殑璁捐鍜岀粍缁囦篃鍚勫叿鐗硅壊锛屽湪鏈功鐨勪互鍚庣珷鑺備腑浼氬垎鍒缁嗕粙缁嶃��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d056">锛堜簩锛夋棩甯歌瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩</h4>
+ <p>
+ 闄や笓闂ㄧ殑璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩澶栵紝鏁欏笀杩樺簲灏嗙洰鍏夋姇灏勫埌瀛╁瓙鐨勬棩甯哥敓娲讳腑锛屽叧娉ㄤ粠瀛╁瓙鐢熸椿涓敓鎴愮殑锛屽張鏈夊埄浜庝粬浠瑷�鍙戝睍鐨勫唴瀹广�傛棩甯哥敓娲讳腑锛屽闀垮拰鏁欏笀鍒╃敤姣忓ぉ鍚冮キ銆佺潯瑙夈�佹暎姝ャ�佺帺鑰嶃�佹礂婕辩瓑鏈轰細鍜屽辜鍎夸氦璋堬紝缁欏辜鍎垮垱閫犱竴涓嚜鐢卞鏉剧殑璇█鐜锛屾敮鎸佸辜鍎跨Н鏋佷笌鎴愪汉鎴栧悓浼翠氦璋堬紝鍙戝睍骞煎効鐨勮瑷�琛ㄨ揪鑳藉姏锛屽悓鏃朵娇璇█閫愭笎鎴愪负寤虹珛骞煎効鍦ㄦ棩甯哥敓娲讳腑鑹ソ浜洪檯鍏崇郴鐨勫伐鍏凤紝骞惰繍鐢ㄤ簬鎸囧鍜岃皟鑺備汉闄呭叧绯汇��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e059">1.鏃ュ父璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勪綔鐢�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 棣栧厛锛屾棩甯歌瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鍙互鏇村ソ鍦颁簡瑙ｅ辜鍎胯瑷�鍙戝睍鐨勭幇鐘躲�傛棩甯歌瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鏄湪鑷劧鐘舵�佷笅杩涜鐨勶紝娲诲姩鐨勭幆澧冭嚜鐢卞鏉撅紝骞煎効鑳借〃鐜板嚭鑷繁鐨勭湡瀹炴按骞筹紝瀹堕暱鎴栨暀甯堝彧瑕佺◢鍔犵暀鎰忥紝灏辫兘浜嗚В骞煎効璇█鍙戝睍鐨勬按骞筹紝涓轰笅涓�姝ョ‘绔嬫湁閽堝鎬х殑璇█鏁欒偛鐩爣鎻愪緵渚濇嵁銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍏舵锛屾棩甯歌瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鍙互浣挎垚浜轰负瀛╁瓙鎻愪緵瑷�璇ず鑼冿紝淇冭繘骞煎効璇█鐨勫彂灞曘�傚辜鍎垮湪鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓鎺ヨЕ鍚勭鍚勬牱鐨勪簨鎴栫墿锛屾垚浜哄彲浠ュ埄鐢ㄥ悇绉嶆満浼氬骞煎効杩涜璇█鏁欒偛锛屽悜骞煎効浠嬬粛鍚勭浜嬬墿锛岃骞煎効浜嗚В瀹冧滑鐨勫悕绉般�佺敤閫旂瓑銆傚湪杩欎簺娲诲姩涓紝骞煎効鑷劧鍦版帉鎻′簡寰堝璇嶆眹锛屾ā浠挎垚浜鸿〃杩扮殑鏂规硶銆傚鍦ㄨ秴甯傝喘鐗╂椂锛屽闀垮彲浠ュ紩瀵煎辜鍎垮涔犺喘鐗╃殑娴佺▼鍙婁粯娆炬柟寮忥紝杩欎笉浠呬负骞煎効鎻愪緵浜嗗ぇ閲忕殑璇█缁冧範鏈轰細锛岃�屼笖杩樻湁鍔╀簬骞煎効璁℃暟銆佸垎绫荤瓑鑳藉姏鐨勫彂灞曘��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏈�鍚庯紝鏃ュ父璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩锛岃兘鎻愰珮骞煎効鐞嗚В璇█骞舵寜璇█鎸囦护琛屽姩鐨勮兘鍔涖�傜敤椁愭椂锛屾暀甯堜細瑕佹眰骞煎効鏀舵嬀濂界帺鍏枫�佹礂鎵嬶紝瀹夐潤鍦板潗鍒伴妗屽墠锛涚潯瑙夋椂锛屼細鍛婅瘔骞煎効濡傚帟銆佽劚琛ｆ湇銆侀棴涓婄溂鐫涗笉瑕佽璇濈瓑銆傚湪杩欑甯歌娲诲姩涓紝骞煎効寰堝揩灏辫兘鐞嗚В鍚勭鎸囦护鐨勫惈涔夛紝閿荤偧骞煎効鍚殑鑳藉姏锛屽悓鏃惰繕鑳藉吇鎴愯壇濂界殑鐢熸椿涔犳儻銆傛�讳箣锛屾垚浜鸿鎶撲綇鏃ュ父鐢熸椿鐨勫悇绉嶆満浼氾紝瀵瑰辜鍎胯繘琛岃瑷�鏁欒偛锛屼负骞煎効鎻愪緵鑹ソ鐨勭ず鑼冿紝骞跺湪娲�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="68">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(68) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">
+ 绗笁绔� 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐨勭洰鏍囥�佸唴瀹广�佹柟娉曚笌閫斿緞
+ </li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">061</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>鍔ㄤ腑浜嗚В骞煎効鐨勫彂灞曟按骞筹紝缁欎簣鏈夐拡瀵规�х殑甯姪銆�</p>
+ <h5 id="e060">2.鏃ュ父璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勭壒鐐�</h5>
+ <p>锛�1锛夋棩甯歌瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩閲嶈瀛︿範鐨勮繃绋嬶紝涓嶅己璋冨涔犵殑缁撴灉銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勭洰鐨勫湪浜庢縺鍔卞辜鍎挎暍璇淬�佹効鎰忚銆佸枩娆㈣锛岄敾鐐煎惉銆佽鍜岃鐨勫熀鏈妧鑳斤紝寮曞骞煎効鍦ㄤ笉鐭ヤ笉瑙変腑鑾峰緱鍚勭璇█鐭ヨ瘑缁忛獙锛屼笉寮鸿皟姣忔娲诲姩鐨勭粨鏋滐紝鍙叧娉ㄥ辜鍎胯瑷�瀛︿範鐨勮繃绋嬶紝涔熸病鏈夌粺涓�鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛鐩爣锛屽厑璁告湁涓嶅悓鐨勬椿鍔ㄥ唴瀹癸紝閲嶇偣鍦ㄤ簬涓哄辜鍎垮垱璁句竴涓鏉捐嚜鐢辩殑璇█鐜銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�2锛夋棩甯歌瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鑷敱搴﹂珮銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓殑璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鏈夊緢澶х殑鑷敱搴︼紝骞煎効鍙互鍙傚姞娲诲姩锛屼篃鍙互涓嶅弬鍔犳椿鍔紝娲诲姩鐨勬椂闂村彲闀垮彲鐭紝娌℃湁涓ユ牸鐨勮瀹氾紝娲诲姩鐨勫唴瀹逛篃娌℃湁鍥哄畾鐨勮姹傦紝娲诲姩鐨勫舰寮忎篃姣旇緝鐏垫椿澶氭牱銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�3锛夋棩甯歌瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鏇磋兘浣撶幇鏁欒偛鐨勪釜鍒寲銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓殑璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩褰㈠紡涔熸瘮杈冭嚜鐢憋紝鏁欏笀鍙互鏍规嵁姣忎釜骞煎効鐨勭壒鐐圭‘瀹氭椿鍔ㄧ殑鍐呭鍜屾椂闂达紝鏈夐拡瀵规�у湴瀵瑰辜鍎胯繘琛屾暀鑲诧紝浣撶幇鏁欒偛鐨勪釜鍒寲銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e061">3.鏃ュ父璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勫舰寮�</h5>
+ <p>锛�1锛夋棩甯哥殑浜洪檯浜ゅ線銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 璇█鏄缓绔嬭壇濂戒汉闄呭叧绯荤殑閲嶈宸ュ叿锛屼汉闄呬氦寰�涓殑璇█鏁欒偛鏇村鍦颁綋鐜板湪骞煎効涓庡浜恒�佸辜鍎夸笌鍚屼即銆佸辜鍎夸笌鏁欏笀銆佸辜鍎夸笌鍏朵粬浜虹殑浜掑姩鍏崇郴杩囩▼涓紝骞煎効鍙互闅忔椂闅忓湴鑰冭檻杩愮敤鎭板綋鐨勮瑷�涓庡埆浜轰氦寰�锛岃繖鏈夊姪浜庡绉嶇ぞ浼氭�ц涓虹殑鍙戝睍锛屼篃涓轰釜鎬х殑鍜岃皭鍙戝睍鎵撲笅鍧氬疄鍩虹銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�2锛夋棩甯哥殑娓告垙娲诲姩銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄨ嚜鐢辨父鎴忎腑锛岃瑷�鏄辜鍎夸笌鍚屼即杩涜浜ゅ線銆佸悎浣滃拰鍒嗕韩鐨勫伐鍏凤紝涔熸槸鎸囧鍜岃皟鑺傚辜鍎块�夋嫨娓告垙鐨勫唴瀹广�佷紮浼村拰鏉愭枡绛夎涓虹殑宸ュ叿銆傛笚閫忓湪鑷敱娓告垙涓殑璇█娲诲姩锛屽彲浠ヤ娇骞煎効鍦ㄨ竟璇磋竟鐜╀腑浣撻獙娓告垙鐨勪箰瓒ｏ紝鍚屾椂浣胯嚜宸卞凡鏈夌殑璇█鐭ヨ瘑鍜岀粡楠屽緱鍒板厖鍒嗙殑缁冧範銆佸珐鍥恒��
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�3锛夊浘涔﹁鐨勮嚜鐢遍槄璇绘椿鍔ㄣ��</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀鍙互鍒╃敤骞煎効鑷敱娲诲姩鏃堕棿锛岄紦鍔卞辜鍎垮埌鍥句功瑙掗�夊彇鑷繁鍠滄鐨勪功鑷敱闃呰锛屼篃鍙互璁╁辜鍎胯鐪嬪綍鍍忕瓑锛岄�愭鍩瑰吇骞煎効鏃╂湡闃呰鐨勮壇濂戒範鎯紝婵�鍙戝辜鍎跨殑闃呰鍏磋叮銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d057">锛堜笁锛夋笚閫忓埌鍏朵粬棰嗗煙涓殑璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩</h4>
+ <p>
+ 娓楅�忓埌鍏朵粬棰嗗煙涓殑璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鏄寚鎶婂骞煎効鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛涓庡叾浠栭鍩熺殑鏁欏鍐呭鐩哥粨鍚堬紝鍦ㄥ涔犵瀛︾煡璇嗭紝杩涜鍋ュ悍鏁欒偛銆佽壓鏈暀鑲层�佺ぞ浼氭暀鑲蹭腑铻嶅叆璇█淇℃伅锛屽苟杩涜鏈夌洰鐨勩�佹湁璁″垝鐨勬暣鍚堬紝鍏舵牳蹇冩槸浣胯瑷�鏁欒偛鏇村姞鎺ヨ繎鑷劧锛岀粰骞煎効鍏ㄩ潰鐨勬暀鑲插拰褰卞搷銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="69">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(69) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">062</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <h5 id="e062">1.鍏朵粬棰嗗煙鏁欒偛娲诲姩涓庤瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勫叧绯�</h5>
+ <p>锛�1锛夊叾浠栭鍩熸暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄤ负骞煎効鎻愪緵璇█娲诲姩鐨勭礌鏉愩��</p>
+ <p>
+ 璇█鏄娊璞＄殑绗﹀彿绯荤粺锛屽畠鎵�浠ｈ〃鐨勬槸鍏蜂綋鐨勪簨鐗┿�傚辜鍎垮彲浠ラ�氳繃绉戝娲诲姩璁よ瘑鐗╀綋锛屼簡瑙ｄ簨鐗╀箣闂寸殑鍏崇郴鍜岃仈绯伙紝閫氳繃绀句細娲诲姩鎺屾彙浜ゅ線瑙勫垯銆佽瘎浠峰杽鎭剁編涓戯紝閫氳繃鍋ュ悍涓庤壓鏈椿鍔ㄦ劅鍙楃編涓庡姏閲忥紝杩欎簺娲诲姩涓鸿瑷�鏁欒偛鎻愪緵浜嗕赴瀵岀殑绱犳潗銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�2锛夊叾浠栭鍩熸暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄤ负骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鎻愪緵浜嗗ぇ閲忕殑鏈轰細銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鍏朵粬棰嗗煙鐨勬暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄤ腑绂讳笉寮�璇█鐨勫弬涓庯紝鏁欏笀鐨勮瑙ｄ笌绀鸿寖锛屾暀甯堢殑鎸囧鍜岃姹傦紝骞煎効涔嬮棿鐨勭浉浜掓帰璁ㄥ拰浜ゆ祦锛屽辜鍎跨殑鎻愰棶涓庡洖绛旓紝杩欎簺閮界涓嶅紑璇█銆傚洜姝わ紝鏁欏笀鍦ㄥ悇棰嗗煙鐨勬暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄤ腑锛岃鍏呭垎鎸栨帢杩欎簺娲诲姩涓殑璇█鏁欒偛鍥犵礌锛屽湪瀹屾垚鍏朵粬棰嗗煙鏁欒偛鐩爣鐨勫悓鏃惰繘琛岃瑷�鏁欒偛銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e063">2.鍏朵粬棰嗗煙鏁欒偛娲诲姩涓殑璇█鏁欒偛</h5>
+ <p>锛�1锛夌瀛﹂鍩熸暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄤ腑鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鍦ㄧ瀛︽暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄤ腑锛岄渶瑕侀�氳繃璇█涓庡懆鍥寸殑浜轰氦娴佸悇鑷殑璁よ瘑鍜屾劅鍙楋紝鍙戣〃鑷繁鐨勮瑙ｅ拰缁撴灉锛屾暀甯堜篃闇�瑕侀�氳繃璁茶В鍜岀粍缁囪皥璇濈瓑娲诲姩锛屽骞煎効瑙傚療鍜屾帰绱㈢殑缁撴灉杩涜鎬荤粨銆傛瘮濡傦紝骞煎効瑙傚療妞嶇墿鐨勭敓闀胯繃绋嬪悗锛岃幏寰楀ぇ閲忕殑鐩存帴缁忛獙锛屼細杩涜鑷彂鐨勪氦娴侊紝浣嗚繖鏍锋墍鑾峰緱鐨勭煡璇嗘瘮杈冮浂鏁ｏ紝涔熺己涔忎竴瀹氱殑娣卞害锛屾暀甯堝彲缁勭粐鐩稿叧鐨勪富棰樿皥璇濇椿鍔紝鎶婂悇鑷粡楠岃繘琛屼氦娴侊紝涓板瘜骞煎効宸叉湁鐨勭浉鍏崇煡璇嗭紝骞惰繘琛屾�荤粨锛屼娇鍏剁郴缁熷寲锛屽舰鎴愬叡鍚屾�ц璇嗭紝骞跺涔犵浉鍏崇殑璇嶆眹鍜岃〃杈炬柟寮忋�傚啀濡傦紝鏁板鏁欒偛涓湁璁よ鏁板瓧鐨勮姹傦紝骞煎効鍊熷姪璇█鑳藉鏇村ソ鍦板涔犺鏁扮瓑鍐呭锛屽悓鏃跺彂灞曚簡骞煎効鐨勮瑷�琛ㄨ揪鑳藉姏銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�2锛夎壓鏈鍩熸暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄤ腑鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鑹烘湳棰嗗煙涓殑闊充箰涓庤瑷�鏈夌潃瀵嗗垏鐨勫叧绯伙紝骞煎効鍙互鏍规嵁闊崇銆佽妭濂忎互鍙婃棆寰嬬殑鍙樺寲锛屾兂璞″嚭涓嶅悓鐨勭敾闈€�佸姩浣滐紝缂栨垚鏁呬簨銆傚悓鏃讹紝姝屾洸鐨勬瓕璇嶆湰韬氨鏄辜鍎胯瘲姝岀殑涓�绉嶅舰寮忥紝骞煎効鍦ㄥ鍞辨瓕鏇茬殑杩囩▼涓紝涔熷氨瀛︿範浜嗘瓕璇嶏紝骞朵笖杩樺彲浠ユ牴鎹墍瀛︾殑姝岃瘝鏀圭紪鏁呬簨銆傚鍎挎瓕銆婂皬闈掕洐鎵惧銆嬶細鈥滃嚑鍙皬闈掕洐锛屽懕锛佽鍛�瑕佸洖瀹讹紝鍛憋紒璺宠烦锛屽懕鍛憋紒璺宠烦锛屽懕鍛憋紒璺宠烦璺筹紝鍛卞懕鍛憋紒璺宠烦璺筹紝鍛卞懕鍛憋紒灏忛潚铔欏洖鍒颁簡瀹躲�傗�濆湪瀛︿範杩欓鍎挎瓕鍚庯紝鏁欏笀鍙互甯姪骞煎効鏍规嵁姝岃瘝鍐呭鎶婂畠鏀圭紪鎴愭晠浜嬶紝鎻愰珮骞煎効瀵规瓕璇嶇殑鐞嗚В鍜岄煶涔愮殑娆ｈ祻鑳藉姏锛屽彂灞曞辜鍎跨殑璇█琛ㄨ揪鑳藉姏銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 缇庡伐娲诲姩鏄辜鍎垮枩鐖辩殑涓�绉嶅舰寮忥紝骞煎効鐨勪笘鐣屽埌澶勫厖婊＄潃缇庝附鐨勮壊褰╋紝浠栦滑鐖辩敾锛岀埍鐜╋紝鐖卞埗浣滐紝鏁欏笀鍙互鍦ㄧ編宸ユ椿鍔ㄤ腑锛屾姄浣忓辜鍎胯繖涓�鐗圭偣锛岃浠栦滑瀵硅嚜宸辩殑浣滃搧杩涜璁茶堪锛屼篃鍙互鍦ㄧ粯鐢诲拰鎵嬪伐娲诲姩涓紝鍔犺繘骞煎効鍠滈椈涔愯鐨勫効姝屽舰寮忥紝鎻愰珮骞煎効瀛︿範鐨勫叴瓒ｃ��
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�3锛夊仴搴烽鍩熸暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄤ腑鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鍋ュ悍棰嗗煙鍖呮嫭浣撹偛娲诲姩鍙婂叾浠栨椿鍔ㄣ�傚湪浣撹偛娲诲姩涓紝骞煎効鐨勬椿鍔ㄩ噺姣旇緝澶э紝鐩稿姣旇緝鑷敱锛屽辜鍎挎湰韬張鍏锋湁娲诲姩鐨勫ぉ鎬э紝瀹规槗鎺у埗涓嶄綇鑷繁鐨勬椿鍔ㄦ椂闂达紝瀵艰嚧杩�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="70">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(70) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">
+ 绗笁绔� 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐨勭洰鏍囥�佸唴瀹广�佹柟娉曚笌閫斿緞
+ </li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">063</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 搴︾柌鍔炽�傚湪浣撹偛娲诲姩涓紝鏁欏笀鍙畨鎺掑姩闈欎氦鏇跨殑娲诲姩锛屽浣撹偛娓告垙銆婃垜鍜屾姤绾稿仛鏈嬪弸銆嬫椿鍔ㄤ腑锛屾暀甯堝厛璺熷辜鍎夸竴璧风敤鎶ョ焊鍋氳。鏈嶏紝鍋氱焊鐞冿紝鍦ㄦ姤绾镐笂绔欑珛锛屼腑闂寸┛鎻掍竴浜涜璁虹幆鑺傦紝濡傛姤绾歌繕鍙互鍋氫粈涔堢帺鍏枫�佹�庝箞鑳界珯寰楁洿绋崇瓑鍐呭銆傝繖鏍锋棦閿荤偧浜嗗辜鍎跨殑韬綋锛屽張鍙戝睍浜嗗辜鍎跨殑鍙ｅご璇█琛ㄨ揪鑳藉姏銆�
+ </p>
+ <p class="center">
+ <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../../images/0083-1.jpg" />
+ </p>
+ <p class="img">
+ 鍥�3-2 杩熷埌鐨勭悊鐢�<a id="w3"></a
+ ><a href="chapter003.html#m3"><sup>[3]</sup></a>
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�4锛夌ぞ浼氶鍩熸暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄤ腑鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄧぞ浼氶鍩熸椿鍔ㄤ腑锛屽辜鍎胯涓庝汉浜ゅ線锛屽涔犱氦寰�鐨勮鍒欏拰鏂规硶锛岃繖鏈韩灏辫姹傚辜鍎挎湁瀵硅瑷�鐨勭悊瑙ｅ拰鎺屾彙鑳藉姏锛涘悓鏃讹紝骞煎効鑾峰緱绀句細鐭ヨ瘑锛岄櫎浜嗛�氳繃鐜板疄鐢熸椿澶栵紝杩樺彲浠ラ�氳繃鏂囧浣滃搧锛屽缁樻湰锛堣鍥�3-2锛夛紝璁╁辜鍎挎噦寰楄瘹瀹炴墠鏄渶濂界殑鐞嗙敱锛屽悓鏃跺彂灞曞辜鍎跨殑璇█鑳藉姏銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e064">3.鍏朵粬棰嗗煙鏁欒偛娲诲姩涓繘琛岃瑷�鏁欒偛闇�娉ㄦ剰鐨勯棶棰�</h5>
+ <p>锛�1锛夎鏈夎鍒掑湴灞曞紑娲诲姩锛屼负骞煎効鎻愪緵浜ゆ祦鐨勬満浼氥��</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欒偛娲诲姩鏄辜鍎夸富鍔ㄦ椿鍔ㄧ殑杩囩▼锛屾椿鍔ㄧ殑涓讳綋鏄辜鍎裤�傛暀甯堣鍦ㄦ椿鍔ㄤ箣鍓嶅埗瀹氬懆瀵嗙殑璁″垝锛屽洿缁曚竴瀹氫富棰樼粍缁囨椿鍔紝閫傛椂杩涜璇█鏁欒偛锛屼负骞煎効鎻愪緵鍏呭垎鐨勮瑷�浜ゆ祦鐨勬満浼氥�傞紦鍔变粬浠皢鑷繁鐙壒鐨勬劅鍙楄〃杈惧嚭鏉ャ�傝繖鏍峰辜鍎垮湪璁よ瘑浜嬬墿鐨勮繃绋嬩腑锛屾棦浜掔浉浜ゆ祦浜嗚璇嗙粡楠岋紝鍙堢粌涔犱簡璇█琛ㄨ揪銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�2锛夎閬垮厤璇█鏁欒偛鈥滃枾瀹惧ず涓烩�濊�屽奖鍝嶅叾浠栭鍩熸暀鑲茬洰鏍囩殑瀹炵幇銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鍏朵粬棰嗗煙鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勫瓨鍦ㄩ兘鏈夌嫭鐗圭殑浠峰�硷紝鍦ㄤ績杩涘辜鍎胯韩蹇冨拰璋愬彂灞曟柟闈㈡湁涓嶅彲鏇夸唬鐨勪綔鐢紝涓嶈兘鍙己璋冭瑷�鏁欒偛鑰屽拷瑙嗗叾浠栭鍩熺殑鏁欒偛銆傚湪鍏朵粬棰嗗煙鐨勬暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄤ腑锛屾湁鏃惰瑷�鏁欒偛骞朵笉鍗犳嵁涓昏鍦颁綅锛屼笉鑳藉彧淇冭繘璇█鏁欒偛鑰岀疆鍏朵粬棰嗗煙鐨勬暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄤ笉鐞嗭紝杩欐槸骞煎効鍥暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄤ腑鎵�搴旀敞鎰忕殑闂銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�3锛夋暀甯堣涓哄辜鍎垮垱璁惧鏉剧殑鐜锛岄紦鍔卞辜鍎夸箣闂寸殑鍚堜綔鍜屼氦娴併��</p>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄥ叾浠栭鍩熺殑鏁欏娲诲姩涓紝鏁欏笀瑕佷负骞煎効鍒涜涓�涓鏉捐嚜鐢辩殑鐜锛岃骞煎効鏈夊厖鍒嗚〃杈捐嚜宸辩殑鏈轰細锛屽苟涓哄辜鍎挎彁渚涜瑷�瀛︿範鐨勭ず鑼冿紝娉ㄦ剰鍊惧惉骞煎効鐨勮皥璇濓紝鏈夋晥鍦版縺鍙戝辜鍎胯瑷�琛ㄨ揪鐨勬効鏈涳紝鍚屾椂锛屾暀甯堣娉ㄦ剰榧撳姳骞煎効涓庡悓浼翠箣闂寸殑鍚堜綔涓庝氦娴併�傚洜鑰岋紝骞煎効鑳藉鑾峰緱鐩稿叧鐨勭煡璇嗗拰浣撻獙锛屽浼氫氦寰�涓庡崗浣滐紝鍙戠幇闂锛屾壘鍑洪棶棰樿В鍐崇殑鏂规硶锛屽厠鏈嶅洶闅撅紝鍙戝睍涓庡悓浼磋瑷�浜ゅ線鐨勮兘鍔涳紝淇冭繘鑷韩鍏ㄩ潰鍙戝睍銆�
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m2"></a><a href="chapter003.html#w2">[2]</a>
+ 鏈风鐗�.灏忕尓鍙樺舰璁帮蓟M锛�.閲戞尝锛屽璇�.鍖椾含锛氬璇暀瀛︿笌鐮旂┒鍑虹増绀撅紝2006.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="71">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(71) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">064</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <div class="bk2">
+ <p class="center"><b>鏈珷灏忕粨</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐩爣鏄骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐩殑鍜岃姹傜殑褰掔撼鎬荤粨銆備粠骞煎効璇█鍩瑰吇鐨勭洰鏍囧眰娆℃潵鐪嬶紝涓昏鍖呮嫭骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐨勬�荤洰鏍囥�佸勾榫勯樁娈电洰鏍囧拰鍏蜂綋娲诲姩鐩爣涓変釜灞傛銆傚湪鍒跺畾骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐩爣鏃讹紝搴旈伒寰竴瀹氱殑鍘熷垯銆傞�夋嫨鍜岀粍缁囧辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鍐呭鐨勪緷鎹寘鎷辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勭洰鏍囥�佸辜鍎胯瑷�鍙戝睍鐨勭壒鐐瑰強涓嶅悓娲诲姩棰嗗煙鐨勭壒鐐广�傚辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鍐呭鍖呮嫭鏂囧浣滃搧瀛︿範娲诲姩銆佽皥璇濇椿鍔ㄣ�佽杩版椿鍔ㄣ�佹棭鏈熼槄璇绘椿鍔ㄥ強鍚娓告垙娲诲姩绛夈�傚辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛甯哥敤鐨勬柟娉曟湁绀鸿寖妯′豢娉曘�佽鍚鍋氱粨鍚堟硶銆佹父鎴忔硶銆佽〃婕旀硶鍜岀粌涔犳硶绛夈�傚辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鍙互閫氳繃澶氱閫斿緞涓庢墜娈佃繘琛岋紝鍖呮嫭涓撻棬鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛锛屾棩甯歌瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鍙婃笚閫忓埌鍏朵粬棰嗗煙涓殑璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+
+ <p><span class="zt-1">鍏抽敭鏈</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-8">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-3" alt="" src="../../images/tb-9.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+
+ <p>娓楅�忕殑璇█鏁欒偛 绀鸿寖妯′豢娉� 瑙嗗惉璁插仛缁撳悎娉� 娓告垙娉� 琛ㄦ紨娉� 缁冧範娉�</p>
+ <p class="notIndent">骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐩爣</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鍐呭</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鏂规硶</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">涓撻棬鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">娓楅�忕殑璇█鏁欒偛</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">绀鸿寖妯′豢娉�</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">瑙嗗惉璁插仛缁撳悎娉�</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">娓告垙娉�</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">琛ㄦ紨娉�</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">缁冧範娉�</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+
+ <p>
+ <span class="zt-2">鎬�</span><span class="zt-3">鑰�</span
+ ><span class="zt-2">棰�</span>
+ </p>
+ <div class="tp-9">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-6" alt="" src="../../images/tb-10.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 1.骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐩爣鍒跺畾鐨勪緷鎹槸浠�涔堬紵鍒跺畾璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勭洰鏍囨椂搴旈伒寰摢浜涘熀鏈姹傦紵
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p>2.閫夋嫨鍜岀粍缁囧辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鍐呭鐨勪緷鎹槸浠�涔堬紵</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p>3.骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐨勬柟娉曟湁鍝簺锛熶綘璁や负搴旇濡備綍杩愮敤杩欎簺鏁欒偛鏂规硶锛�</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj4">瀹炶缁冧範</span></p>
+ <p>
+ 1.璋冩煡骞跺垎鏋愪竴涓ゆ墍骞煎効鍥殑璇█鏁欒偛鐩爣鍙婅瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勫勾榫勯樁娈电洰鏍囥��
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 2.浠婚�変竴涓勾榫勬銆佷竴绉嶈瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩锛屾牴鎹骞撮緞娈靛辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鐩爣锛岄�夋嫨閫傚疁鐨勫唴瀹癸紝灏濊瘯鍒跺畾鏁欏娲诲姩鐩爣銆�
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 3.灏忕粍璁ㄨ鍦ㄤ腑鍥界粡鍏告枃瀛︿綔鍝佷腑锛屽摢浜涘唴瀹瑰彲浠ヤ綔涓哄辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勫唴瀹癸紝骞舵帰璁ㄥ皢涓浗缁忓吀鏂囧浣滃搧铻嶅叆骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐨勯�斿緞銆�
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="left1">
+ <span class="zt-3">鎷�</span><span class="zt-2">灞�</span
+ ><span class="zt-3">闃�</span><span class="zt-2">璇�</span>
+ </p>
+ <div class="tp-10">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-6" alt="" src="../../images/tb-11.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 1.璋㈣悓锛岄儹鍔涘钩.缇庡浗鈥滃叡鍚屾牳蹇冨窞绔嬫爣鍑嗏�濅腑K锝�2骞寸骇璇█鏍囧噯绠�浠媅J].骞煎効鏁欒偛锛�2012锛圸3锛�.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="72">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(72) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">
+ 绗笁绔� 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐨勭洰鏍囥�佸唴瀹广�佹柟娉曚笌閫斿緞
+ </li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">065</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p class="block">
+ 鏈枃涓昏浠嬬粛浜嗙編鍥�2010骞撮甯冪殑銆婂叡鍚屾牳蹇冨窞绔嬭嫳璇瑷�鏍囧噯銆嬬殑鐩爣銆佺粨鏋勪互鍙奒锝�2骞寸骇鐨勫叿浣撳唴瀹广�傝繖浠芥爣鍑嗗皢鎵╁睍鎴戜滑鍦ㄤ笉鍚岃瑷�鐜涓嬪骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐩爣銆佸叿浣撳唴瀹硅姹傜殑璁よ瘑鍜岀悊瑙ｃ��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2.鍛ㄥ參.鍏虫敞銆婃寚鍗椼�嬭儗鏅笅鐨勫辜鍎垮洯璇█鏁欒偛[J].骞煎効鏁欒偛锛�2013锛�13锛�.
+ </p>
+ <p class="block">
+ 銆婃寚鍗椼�嬬殑棰佸竷锛屾爣蹇楃潃鎴戝浗瀛﹀墠鏁欒偛杩涘叆浜嗕竴涓柊鐨勫彂灞曢樁娈点�傚湪鎬濊�冭繖涓樁娈电殑骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛鏃讹紝鎴戜滑姣忎竴涓辜鏁欏伐浣滆�呴兘蹇呴』鏄庣‘銆婃寚鍗椼�嬩腑鏈夊叧骞煎効璇█鍙戝睍鐨勭洰鏍囷紝鎺屾彙骞煎効璇█瀛︿範涓庡彂灞曠殑鐗圭偣锛岀爺绌跺浣曞垱璁捐壇濂界殑鏁欒偛鐜淇冭繘骞煎効鐨勮瑷�瀛︿範涓庡彂灞曘��
+ </p>
+ <p>3.涓崕浜烘皯鍏卞拰鍥芥暀鑲查儴.骞煎効鍥暀鑲叉寚瀵肩翰瑕侊細璇曡.2001.</p>
+ <p class="block">
+ 銆婄翰瑕併�嬩腑鏄庣‘鎸囧嚭锛岃瑷�鑳藉姏鏄湪杩愮敤鐨勮繃绋嬩腑鍙戝睍璧锋潵鐨勩�傚辜鍎垮洯璇█鏁欒偛瑕佷负鍎跨鍒涢�犱竴涓嚜鐢便�佸鏉剧殑璇█浜ゅ線鐜锛屼績杩涘辜鍎垮�惧惉銆佺悊瑙ｃ�佽〃杈剧瓑鑳藉姏鐨勫彂灞曘�傘�婄翰瑕併�嬫弿杩颁簡骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勭洰鏍囥�佸唴瀹逛笌瑕佹眰銆傛洿澶氬唴瀹硅鎵弿浜岀淮鐮佽繘琛屼簡瑙ｃ��
+ </p>
+ <p>4.涓崕浜烘皯鍏卞拰鍥芥暀鑲查儴.3锝�6宀佸効绔ュ涔犱笌鍙戝睍鎸囧崡.2012.</p>
+ <div class="bk">
+ <div class="pdf-text">
+ <div class="pdf-con">
+ <div class="pdf-view">
+ <span>
+ <svg
+ t="1717640665152"
+ class="icon"
+ viewBox="0 0 1024 1024"
+ version="1.1"
+ xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
+ p-id="11009"
+ width="25.098"
+ height="24.098"
+ >
+ <path
+ d="M896.152 336.108l0 576.229c0 26.511-21.508 48.019-48.018 48.019L175.866 960.356c-26.511 0-48.019-21.508-48.019-48.019L127.847 112.019c0-26.511 21.508-48.019 48.019-48.019l448.179 0c26.512 0 63.527 15.508 82.031 34.013l156.064 156.064C880.645 272.582 896.152 309.597 896.152 336.108zM832.127 384.127 624.045 384.127c-26.512 0-48.02-21.508-48.02-48.019L576.025 128.025 191.873 128.025l0 768.306 640.254 0L832.127 384.127zM335.93 448.153l352.14 0c9.004 0 16.006 7.003 16.006 16.006l0 32.013c0 9.003-7.002 16.007-16.006 16.007L335.93 512.179c-9.003 0-16.006-7.003-16.006-16.007l0-32.013C319.924 455.156 326.927 448.153 335.93 448.153zM704.076 592.21l0 32.013c0 9.004-7.002 16.007-16.006 16.007L335.93 640.23c-9.003 0-16.006-7.003-16.006-16.007L319.924 592.21c0-9.003 7.003-16.006 16.006-16.006l352.14 0C697.074 576.204 704.076 583.207 704.076 592.21zM704.076 720.262l0 32.013c0 9.003-7.002 16.006-16.006 16.006L335.93 768.281c-9.003 0-16.006-7.003-16.006-16.006l0-32.013c0-9.004 7.003-16.007 16.006-16.007l352.14 0C697.074 704.255 704.076 711.258 704.076 720.262zM640.051 320.102l188.076 0c-3.002-8.505-7.502-17.009-11.002-20.511L660.563 143.029c-3.502-3.501-12.006-8-20.512-11.003L640.051 320.102z"
+ p-id="11010"
+ ></path>
+ </svg>
+ </span>
+ <span @click="toUrl(1)"
+ >銆婂辜鍎垮洯鏁欒偛鎸囧绾茶锛堣瘯琛岋級銆嬩箣璇█棰嗗煙</span
+ >
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="pdf-text">
+ <div class="pdf-con">
+ <div class="pdf-view">
+ <span>
+ <svg
+ t="1717640665152"
+ class="icon"
+ viewBox="0 0 1024 1024"
+ version="1.1"
+ xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
+ p-id="11009"
+ width="25.098"
+ height="24.098"
+ >
+ <path
+ d="M896.152 336.108l0 576.229c0 26.511-21.508 48.019-48.018 48.019L175.866 960.356c-26.511 0-48.019-21.508-48.019-48.019L127.847 112.019c0-26.511 21.508-48.019 48.019-48.019l448.179 0c26.512 0 63.527 15.508 82.031 34.013l156.064 156.064C880.645 272.582 896.152 309.597 896.152 336.108zM832.127 384.127 624.045 384.127c-26.512 0-48.02-21.508-48.02-48.019L576.025 128.025 191.873 128.025l0 768.306 640.254 0L832.127 384.127zM335.93 448.153l352.14 0c9.004 0 16.006 7.003 16.006 16.006l0 32.013c0 9.003-7.002 16.007-16.006 16.007L335.93 512.179c-9.003 0-16.006-7.003-16.006-16.007l0-32.013C319.924 455.156 326.927 448.153 335.93 448.153zM704.076 592.21l0 32.013c0 9.004-7.002 16.007-16.006 16.007L335.93 640.23c-9.003 0-16.006-7.003-16.006-16.007L319.924 592.21c0-9.003 7.003-16.006 16.006-16.006l352.14 0C697.074 576.204 704.076 583.207 704.076 592.21zM704.076 720.262l0 32.013c0 9.003-7.002 16.006-16.006 16.006L335.93 768.281c-9.003 0-16.006-7.003-16.006-16.006l0-32.013c0-9.004 7.003-16.007 16.006-16.007l352.14 0C697.074 704.255 704.076 711.258 704.076 720.262zM640.051 320.102l188.076 0c-3.002-8.505-7.502-17.009-11.002-20.511L660.563 143.029c-3.502-3.501-12.006-8-20.512-11.003L640.051 320.102z"
+ p-id="11010"
+ ></path>
+ </svg>
+ </span>
+ <span @click="toUrl(2)"
+ >銆�3~6宀佸効绔ュ涔犱笌鍙戝睍鎸囧崡銆嬩箣璇█棰嗗煙</span
+ >
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <preView
+ :isClear="dialogVisible"
+ :md5="p_md5"
+ :pdfTitle="somePdfTitleValue"
+ ref="pdfDialogRef"
+ ></preView>
+ </div>
+</template>
+
+<script>
+import preView from "@/components/pdfview/index.vue";
+export default {
+ name: "chapter003",
+ props: {
+ showPageList: {
+ type: Array,
+ },
+ resourceList: {
+ type: Object,
+ },
+ },
+ components: {
+ preView,
+ },
+ data() {
+ return {
+ chapter001: {
+ pdfMd5: {
+ 1: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[9],
+ name: " 銆婂辜鍎垮洯鏁欒偛鎸囧绾茶锛堣瘯琛岋級銆嬩箣璇█棰嗗煙",
+ },
+ 2: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[10],
+ name: " 銆�3~6宀佸効绔ュ涔犱笌鍙戝睍鎸囧崡銆嬩箣璇█棰嗗煙",
+ },
+ },
+ },
+ p_md5: "",
+ somePdfTitleValue: "",
+ dialogVisible: false,
+ example: [
+ {
+ isComplete: false,
+ isShowAnswer: false,
+ unit: [
+ {
+ txt: "涓嬪垪灞炰簬骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛鐩爣鐨勬槸锛堛��銆�锛�",
+ isRight: null,
+ answer: "B",
+ userAnswer: "",
+ option: [
+ {
+ txt: "鑳借璇绘嫾闊冲瓧姣�",
+ value: "A",
+ },
+ {
+ txt: "鑳芥竻妤氬湴璇村嚭鑷繁鎯宠鐨勪簨",
+ value: "B",
+ },
+ {
+ txt: "鑳借璇讳竴瀹氶噺鐨勬眽瀛�",
+ value: "C",
+ },
+ {
+ txt: "鑳芥纭功鍐欏父鐢ㄦ眽瀛�",
+ value: "D",
+ },
+ ],
+ },
+ ],
+ },
+ ],
+ };
+ },
+ methods: {
+ toUrl(val) {
+ if (val) {
+ this.p_md5 = this.chapter001.pdfMd5[val].md5;
+ this.somePdfTitleValue = this.chapter001.pdfMd5[val].name;
+ this.$refs.pdfDialogRef.openDialog();
+ }
+ },
+ setBookQuestion() {
+ this.$emit("setBookQuestion", this.chapter001);
+ },
+ goExample(example) {
+ for (let index = 0; index < example.unit.length; index++) {
+ const item = example.unit[index];
+ if (item.userAnswer == item.answer) {
+ item.isRight = true;
+ } else {
+ item.isRight = false;
+ }
+ }
+ example.isComplete = true;
+ example.isShowAnswer = true;
+ },
+ changeExample(example, key) {
+ localStorage.removeItem("toddleGame-book-chapter01-" + key);
+ for (let index = 0; index < example.unit.length; index++) {
+ const item = example.unit[index];
+ item.userAnswer = "";
+ item.isRight = null;
+ }
+ example.isComplete = false;
+ example.isShowAnswer = false;
+ },
+ saveExample(key, example) {
+ localStorage.setItem(
+ "toddleGame-book-chapter01-" + key,
+ JSON.stringify(example)
+ );
+ },
+ },
+};
+</script>
diff --git a/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter004.vue b/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter004.vue
index c494aae..90382fa 100644
--- a/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter004.vue
+++ b/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter004.vue
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
<template>
- <div class="chapter" num="2">
- <div class="page-box" page="9">
- <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(9) > -1">
+ <div class="chapter" num="5">
+ <div class="page-box" page="73">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(73) > -1">
<div class="bodystyle" style="padding-top: 508px">
<h1 id="a013">
<img class="img-0 coverImg" alt="" src="../../images/z4.jpg" />
@@ -31,16 +31,1831 @@
</p>
<h6>瀵煎叆妗堜緥鈻�</h6>
<p>
- 灏忕彮鐨勮儭鑰佸笀鍑嗗缁欏皬鏈嬪弸璁叉晠浜嬨�婃槬澶╃殑鐢佃瘽銆嬨�傚湪寮�濮嬭鏁呬簨涔嬪墠锛岃儭鑰佸笀灏嗕竴寮犫�滄槬澶┾�濈殑澶ц儗鏅浘璐村湪纾佹澘涓婏紝骞剁敤纾侀拤灏嗗皬鐔娿�佸皬鏉鹃紶銆佸皬鍏斻�佸皬闈掕洐鍜屽皬楦＄殑鍥剧墖缈诲帇鍦ㄨ儗鏅浘杈圭紭锛屽啀鐢ㄥ竷甯橀伄鐩栧ソ纾佹澘锛涘皢鐜╁叿鐢佃瘽鍜屽皬鍔ㄧ墿澶撮グ鏀惧埌鎿嶄綔鍙颁笅锛岀劧鍚庡張妫�鏌ヤ簡褰曢煶鏈哄拰纾佸甫銆�
- </p>
- <p>
- 鍦ㄧ粍缁囧辜鍎挎枃瀛︿綔鍝佹椿鍔ㄦ椂锛屾暀甯堝線寰�浼氭牴鎹晠浜嬪唴瀹归噰鐢ㄤ笉鍚岀殑鏁欏鏂规硶锛岄�夋嫨涓嶅悓鐨勮緟鍔╂暀鍏枫�備綘鐭ラ亾杩欎簺灞炰簬浠�涔堟暀鍏峰悧锛熻儭鑰佸笀涓轰粈涔堝噯澶囪繖浜涙暀鍏凤紵璁╂垜浠竴璧疯蛋杩涘辜鍎挎枃瀛︿綔鍝佹椿鍔ㄤ腑鏉ヤ綋楠屾劅鍙楀惂锛�
+ 灏忕彮鐨勮儭鑰佸笀鍑嗗缁欏皬鏈嬪弸璁叉晠浜嬨�婃槬澶╃殑鐢佃瘽銆嬨�傚湪寮�濮嬭鏁呬簨涔嬪墠锛岃儭鑰佸笀灏嗕竴寮犫�滄槬澶┾�濈殑澶ц儗鏅浘璐村湪纾佹澘涓婏紝骞剁敤纾侀拤灏嗗皬鐔娿�佸皬鏉鹃紶銆佸皬鍏斻�佸皬闈掕洐鍜�
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
- <div class="page-box" page="10">
- <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(10) > -1">
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="74">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(74) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗洓绔� 骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">067</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 灏忛浮鐨勫浘鐗囩炕鍘嬪湪鑳屾櫙鍥捐竟缂橈紝鍐嶇敤甯冨笜閬洊濂界鏉匡紱灏嗙帺鍏风數璇濆拰灏忓姩鐗╁ご楗版斁鍒版搷浣滃彴涓嬶紝鐒跺悗鍙堟鏌ヤ簡褰曢煶鏈哄拰纾佸甫銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄧ粍缁囧辜鍎挎枃瀛︿綔鍝佹椿鍔ㄦ椂锛屾暀甯堝線寰�浼氭牴鎹晠浜嬪唴瀹归噰鐢ㄤ笉鍚岀殑鏁欏鏂规硶锛岄�夋嫨涓嶅悓鐨勮緟鍔╂暀鍏枫�備綘鐭ラ亾杩欎簺灞炰簬浠�涔堟暀鍏峰悧锛熻儭鑰佸笀涓轰粈涔堝噯澶囪繖浜涙暀鍏凤紵璁╂垜浠竴璧疯蛋杩涘辜鍎挎枃瀛︿綔鍝佹椿鍔ㄤ腑鏉ヤ綋楠屾劅鍙楀惂锛�
+ </p>
+ <h2 id="b009">绗竴鑺傘��骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧娲诲姩姒傝堪</h2>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鏂囧鏄効绔ヨ璇嗕笘鐣岀殑涓�鎵囩獥锛屽叾鍐呭鍖呯綏涓囪薄锛屽瀛愪滑鏃㈠彲璇诲埌涓庡叾鐢熸椿缁忛獙鐩稿叧鐨勫唴瀹癸紝涔熻兘璇诲埌鍏充簬浜虹殑鐢熷瓨涓庢浜°�佸績鐏靛拰鑷垜绛夋瘮杈冩繁濂ョ殑棰樻潗銆傚辜鍎挎枃瀛︽槸灏嗚瑷�涓庡績鐏电粨鍚堣捣鏉ョ殑鏈�濂藉吀鑼冿紝骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧涔嬫墍浠ヨ兘鎵撳姩骞煎効涔冭嚦鎴愪汉锛屼笉浠呭湪浜庡畠鎻忕粯浜嗚嚦绾嚦鐪熺殑鏂囧涓栫晫锛屼篃鍦ㄤ簬鍏朵负骞煎効浼犻�掍簡涓�绉嶅寰呯敓鍛界殑鎬佸害銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀璁捐銆佺粍缁囩郴鍒楁枃瀛︿綔鍝佹椿鍔紝寮曞骞煎効閫氳繃鑱嗗惉銆侀槄璇诲啀鐜版枃瀛︿綔鍝侊紝娑︾墿缁嗘棤澹板湴瀵瑰叾璇█浜х敓褰卞搷銆�
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c021">涓�銆佽璇嗗辜鍎挎枃瀛�</h3>
+ <h4 id="d058">锛堜竴锛夊辜鍎挎枃瀛︾殑鍒嗙被</h4>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鏂囧灞炰簬鍎跨鏂囧鐨勪竴閮ㄥ垎銆傞�氬父锛屼汉浠寜鐓у勾榫勬妸鍎跨鏂囧鍒嗕负骞煎効鏂囧銆佺骞存枃瀛︺�佸皯骞存枃瀛︿笁閮ㄥ垎锛屽垎鍒湇鍔′簬0锝�6宀併��6锝�12宀併��12锝�18宀佸勾榫勬鐨勫効绔ャ�備笌0锝�6宀佸効绔ュ績鐞嗗彂灞曟按骞冲拰鐢熸椿缁忛獙鐩稿搴旓紝骞煎効鏂囧瀵逛笘鐣岀殑鎻忕粯姣旇緝绠�鍗曪紝璇█涔熷舰璞℃槗璁般��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧鏄寚涓�0锝�6宀佸効绔ュ績鐞嗗彂灞曟按骞冲拰鎺ュ彈鑳藉姏銆侀槄璇昏兘鍔涚浉閫傚簲鐨勫悇绫绘枃瀛︿綔鍝佺殑鎬荤О銆傚畠鍖呮嫭绔ヨ瘽銆佸瘬瑷�銆佺璇濇晠浜嬨�佸辜鍎跨敓娲绘晠浜嬨�佹垚璇晠浜嬨�佺瑧璇濄�佸効姝屻�佸効绔ヨ瘲銆佸効绔ユ暎鏂囥�佽皽璇�佺粫鍙ｄ护銆佸効绔ュ皬璇淬�佸効绔ョ瀛︽枃鑹虹瓑澶氱浣撹鐨勪綔鍝併��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d059">锛堜簩锛夊辜鍎挎枃瀛︿綔鍝佺殑浠峰��</h4>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鏂囧鍦ㄥ効绔ユ垚闀垮拰鏁欒偛涓殑浣滅敤涓�鐩磋浜轰滑鎵�閲嶈锛屽畠鐨勬暀鑲蹭环鍊间綋鐜板湪璇稿鏂归潰銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏂囧浣滃搧鍖呭惈浜嗕綔瀹跺鎵�鎻忓啓浜虹墿涔冭嚦瀹囧畽涓囩墿鐨勮璇嗗拰璇勪环銆傚辜鍎挎枃瀛︿綋瑁佸鏍凤紝鍐呭涓板瘜锛屽彲浠ヨ秴瓒婃椂绌哄湴灏嗗悇绉嶈蹇点�佺煡璇嗐�佹儏鎰熴�佹�佸害閫氳繃鍏蜂綋浜虹墿鐨勬弿鍐欎笌鍒荤敾浼犻�掔粰鍎跨锛屾綔绉婚粯鍖栧湴褰卞搷銆佸閫犲効绔ャ�傛枃瀛︽槸鐢ㄨ瑷�濉戦�犲舰璞＄殑鑹烘湳锛屾枃瀛﹀舰璞＄殑鍒涢�犳槸鐢变綔鍝佸拰璇昏�呭叡鍚屽畬鎴愮殑銆傝鑰呮槸鍚﹁鎰熷姩锛屽湪寰堝ぇ绋嬪害涓�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="75">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(75) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">068</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鍙栧喅浜庤鑰呯殑鎯宠薄鍔涳紝璇昏�呭湪澶磋剳涓骇鐢熺殑褰㈣薄瓒婁赴婊°�佺粏鑵汇�侀矞娲伙紝浣滃搧灏辫秺鎰熷姩浜哄績銆�
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk">
+ <p>
+ 鐢ㄥ瘬瑷�銆佸姩鐗╂晠浜嬪拰鍏朵粬宸у缁勭粐璧锋潵鐨勫皬璇达紝纾ㄧ牶鍎跨浠渶瑕侀敾鐐肩殑澶╄祴鑳藉姏鏄ぇ鏈夊府鍔╃殑锛涘効绔ヤ滑闈炲父鍠滄杩欐牱鐨勫皬鏁呬簨锛岃�屼笖涔熷鏄撶墷璁颁簬蹇冣�︹�﹀畠浠湪浣垮効绔ヨ仛绮句細绁炵殑鍚屾椂锛岀亴杈撶潃鏃ュ悗鐪嬫潵鏄瀬涓烘湁鐩婄殑鐭ヨ瘑銆�
+ </p>
+ <p class="right">
+ 鈥斺�斿じ缇庣航鏂�<a id="w1"></a
+ ><a href="chapter004.html#m1"><sup>[1]</sup></a>
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鏂囧鍖呭惈骞挎硾鐨勪綋瑁佸拰涓板瘜鐨勫唴瀹癸紝瀵瑰効绔ヨ捣鍒扮煡璇嗐�佹枃瀛﹀拰鑹烘湳鐨勫閲嶅惎钂欎綔鐢ㄣ�傚辜鍎挎枃瀛︿笉浠呭叿鏈夊紑闃旇閲庛�佸紑鍚績鏅恒�佷赴瀵岃鐭ョ殑鍔熻兘锛岃�屼笖鍏锋湁寮曡捣缇庢劅浜彈銆佹剦鎮﹁韩蹇冪殑濞变箰浠峰�笺��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 姝ゅ锛屼紭绉�骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧鐨勮壓鏈缇庝环鍊兼槸鏄庢樉鐨勶紝瀹冮噰鐢ㄧ瀚╃殑褰㈠紡銆佸拰璋愪紭缇庣殑璇█涓哄効绔ュ睍鐜板揩涔愮殑绔ョ湡绔ヨ叮銆佽瘷璋愯叮鍛崇殑浜虹墿褰㈣薄锛岀粰浜堢湡鍠勭編鐨勫績鐏靛惎杩紝骞朵績杩涘効绔ユ兂璞″姏銆佹儏鎰熶綋楠岀瓑瀹＄編蹇冪悊鐨勫彂灞曘�傚彲瑙侊紝骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧瀵瑰効绔ュ叿鏈夊鍏冪殑缁煎悎鏁欒偛浠峰�笺��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d060">锛堜笁锛夊辜鍎挎枃瀛︿綔鍝佺殑鐗圭偣</h4>
+ <h5 id="e065">1.鈥滀汉涔嬪垵鈥濈殑鍚挋鏂囧</h5>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鏂囧鐨勬湇鍔″璞′富瑕佹槸骞煎効锛屽惎钂欐�ф槸骞煎効鏂囧鐨勬渶澶х壒寰併�傚辜鍎挎枃瀛︿负骞煎効鎵撳紑涓�鎵囨瀬鍏烽瓍鍔涚殑绐楋紝鏄辜鍎挎渶鏃╂帴鍙楃殑鏂囧褰㈠紡銆傚畠甯姪骞煎効璁よ瘑涓栫晫銆佷簡瑙ｇ敓娲伙紝缁欎簣鐖变笌鍠勭殑婊嬪吇鏁欒偛锛屽苟鍙戝睍鍏惰瑷�銆佹�濈淮鍜屾兂璞＄瓑鑳藉姏銆傚辜鍎挎枃瀛︿互鍏舵俯鏆栦翰鍒囩殑璇皟銆佹氮婕菇榛樼殑鑹烘湳锛屼互鈥滄鼎鐗╃粏鏃犲０鈥濈殑鏂瑰紡婊嬫鼎骞煎効蹇冪伒锛屽惎杩辜灏忕敓鍛姐��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e066">2.浜插瓙鍏辫鐨勪簰鍔ㄦ枃瀛�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鍙楀埗浜庡辜鍎跨殑闃呰鑳藉姏锛屽府鍔╁辜鍎库�滈槄璇烩�濄�佸骞煎効杩涜鈥滃惎钂欌�濈殑鏄辜鍎跨殑鐖舵瘝甯堥暱锛岃繖灏卞舰鎴愬辜鍎挎枃瀛︾殑浜插瓙鍏辫鐗规�с�備翰瀛愬叡璇绘剰鍛崇潃骞煎効鏂囧鍚屾椂鎷ユ湁涓ゅ眰璇昏�咃細鎴愪汉璇昏�呯殑瀹¤瀵逛箣鎻愬嚭鏇撮珮鐨勫唴瀹硅姹傦紝骞煎効璇昏�呯殑鎺ュ彈鑳藉姏瀵逛箣鍙堟湁鑹烘湳瑙勭害锛屼簩鑰呬簰琛ヤ綔鐢ㄧ殑缁撴灉鏄細骞煎効鏂囧鏄瘬娣变簬娴呫�佹繁鍏ユ祬鍑虹殑鏂囧銆傛垚浜鸿鑰呭皢鑷繁瀵逛綔鍝佺殑鐞嗚В銆佸垽鏂�佹儏鎰熼�氳繃涓�瀹氱殑璇皟銆佽〃鎯呬紶閫掔粰骞煎効锛屽辜鍎垮啀浠ユ劅鎬х殑鎬濈淮鏂瑰紡鎰熺煡銆佹憚鍙栥�佽瀺浼氭枃鏈唴瀹癸紝鍥犺�屽辜鍎挎枃瀛︽槸閫氳繃涓や唬璇昏�呯殑鈥滃叡璇烩�濆疄鐜扮殑銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e067">3.鍗曠函鏄庡揩鐨勬祬璇枃瀛�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鐢变簬骞煎効鐞嗚В鍔涘拰娉ㄦ剰鍔涚殑鐗圭偣锛屽辜鍎挎枃瀛︾殑鎯呰妭銆佷富棰樸�佽瑷�绛夊繀椤荤畝鍗曟槑蹇紝濡傛灉鎯呰妭鎷栨矒锛屼富棰樻ā绯婏紝鍙欒堪鍛嗘澘锛屽辜鍎挎枃瀛︿綔鍝佷笉浠呬笉鑳藉紩璧峰辜鍎垮叴瓒ｏ紝
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m1"></a><a href="chapter004.html#w1">[1]</a>
+ 浣曡姍钃夛紝鑳￠櫟.瀛﹀墠鍎跨璇█鏁欒偛锛籑锛�.鎴愰兘锛氳タ鍗椾氦閫氬ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2013锛�123.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="76">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(76) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗洓绔� 骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">069</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <P
+ >杩橀毦浠ョ悊瑙ｃ�傚湪杩欎簺瑕佺礌涓紝鏈�闇�绠�鍗曟槑蹇殑灏辨槸璇█銆傛枃瀛︽槸璇█鐨勮壓鏈紝骞煎効鏂囧鍒欐槸娴呰鑹烘湳銆傚辜鍎夸富瑕佹槸閫氳繃鈥滃惉鈥濇潵鎺ュ彈鏂囧鐨勶紝涓轰簡渚夸簬骞煎効蹇�熺悊瑙ｆ垚浜虹殑鍙ｅご璁茶堪锛屽辜鍎挎枃瀛︾敤璇嶅繀椤绘祬鏄炬槗鎳傦紝鐢熷姩褰㈣薄銆�</P
+ >
+ <h5 id="e068">4.鍥炬枃骞惰寕鐨勭洿瑙傛枃瀛�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 瀵瑰簲浜庡辜鍎跨殑鎰熺煡鑳藉姏锛屽辜鍎挎枃瀛︿綔鍝佸簲鐗瑰埆娉ㄦ剰褰㈣薄鎬э紝鍥句功鎴愬搧瑕佹敞閲嶅浘涓庢枃鐨勫瘑鍒囬厤鍚堛�傚浘鐢诲骞煎効鏂囧鏈夐噸瑕佹剰涔夛紝瀹冭瘔璇稿辜鍎胯瑙夛紝鐗瑰埆鍚稿紩骞煎効鈥滅溂鐞冣�濄�備紭缇庢伆褰撶殑鎻掑浘鏃㈣兘鍚稿紩骞煎効娉ㄦ剰锛岀粰骞煎効缇庣殑浜彈锛屽張鏈夊姪浜庡辜鍎跨悊瑙ｆ枃瀛椼�佽鎳備綔鍝併�傛瘮濡傦紝骞煎効鏂囧鎵�鐗规湁鐨勫浘鐢讳功锛堜篃绉扮粯鏈級鏇磋兘鍚稿紩骞煎効鐨勯槄璇诲叴瓒ｏ紝鍦ㄨ繖绉嶈壓鏈舰寮忎腑鈥滃浘鐢烩�濈殑鍦颁綅鏇村姞閲嶈锛屽畠涓嶆槸鏂囧瓧鐨勭畝鍗曢厤瑙掞紝鏄剧劧宸蹭妇瓒宠交閲嶃�傚辜鍎挎枃瀛︾殑鍥句笌鏂囷紝搴斾綔涓轰竴涓暣浣擄紝鎵嶄細鏇村叿鑹烘湳鎰熸煋鍔涖��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e069">5.瓒ｅ懗鐩庣劧鐨勫揩涔愭枃瀛�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鏂囧鏄揩涔愮殑鏂囧锛屼綔瀹跺湪鍒涗綔骞煎効鏂囧鏃跺線寰�鍙戞尌娓告垙绮剧锛岃繍鐢ㄥ菇榛樻墜娉曪紝姝ｉ潰鎰熸煋骞煎効鍗曠函绋氬鐨勫績鐏碉紝渚嬪锛岃阿閲囩瓘鐨勫効绔ヨ瘲銆婅槕鑿囥�嬶細鈥滃濡堬紝鎴戞墦鐫�灏忎紴绌胯繃妫灄/浼氫笉浼氬彉鎴愯槕鑿囧憿锛熲�濊櫧鐭煭涓よ锛屽効绔ョ嫭鐗圭殑蹇冪悊鎰熷彈鍗磋穬鐒剁焊涓婏紝璇绘潵瓒ｅ懗鐩庣劧銆傛湁浜涗綔鍝佸嵆渚挎湁璐熼潰鐨勬偛鍓ц壊褰╀篃闈炲父璁茬┒鈥滄贰鍖栧鐞嗏�濓紝濡傚祰楦跨殑銆婇洩瀛╁瓙銆嬪苟鏈繃澶氭弿鍐欓洩瀛╁瓙鍖栨垚姘撮�濆幓鐨勭粏鑺傦紝鑰屾槸鐫�閲嶅啓闆瀛愬寲浣滀簡涓�鏈垫磥鐧界殑浜戙��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e070">6.涓板瘜鐢熷姩鐨勭編鎰熸枃瀛�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効瀵规枃瀛︾殑瑕佹眰涓嶆槸鍔熷埄鐨勶紝鑰屾槸瀹＄編鐨勶紝浠栦滑鍦ㄨ锛堝惉锛夋枃瀛︿綔鍝佹椂涓昏鎰忔効杩芥眰鐨勬槸鎰夊揩鐨勭簿绁炰韩鍙椼�傚湪鍚涓婏紝鏂囧瓧鐨勮妭濂忔�с�侀煶涔愭�у甫鏉ラ煹寰嬬編锛屽効姝屻�佸効绔ヨ瘲绛夐煹鏂囦綋灏ゅ叾鏄庢樉锛涘湪瑙嗚涓婏紝鍥炬枃骞惰寕甯︽潵瑙嗚缇庢劅锛屼紭缇庣敓鍔ㄧ殑鍥剧敾缁欎簣骞煎効鎰夋偊鐨勮瑙変韩鍙椾笌鑹烘湳鐔忛櫠锛涘湪浣滃搧鍐呮兜涓婏紝骞煎効鏂囧楂樻壃鈥滀互鍠勪负缇庘�濈殑缇庡鏃楀笢锛屽浜哄悜涓婏紝鍚汉鍚戝杽锛屼负骞煎効鎵撲笅鈥滀汉涔嬪垵鈥濈殑浜烘�у熀纭�銆�
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c022">浜屻�佸辜鍎挎枃瀛︿綔鍝佹椿鍔ㄧ殑璁捐涓庣粍缁�</h3>
+ <h4 id="d061">锛堜竴锛夊辜鍎挎枃瀛︿綔鍝佹椿鍔ㄧ殑鐩爣</h4>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧娲诲姩鏄�氳繃璁茶鍜屾璧忔枃瀛︿綔鍝佹潵瀛︿範璇█鐨勪竴绉嶆椿鍔ㄧ被鍨嬶紝鏄辜鍎垮枩闂讳箰瑙佺殑涓�绉嶆暀鑲叉椿鍔紝鏄辜鍎垮洯璇█鏁欒偛涓噸瑕佺殑娲诲姩绫诲瀷銆傘�婄翰瑕併�嬫槑纭寚鍑猴細鈥滃紩瀵煎辜鍎挎帴瑙︿紭绉�鐨勫効绔ユ枃瀛︿綔鍝侊紝浣夸箣鎰熷彈璇█鐨勪赴瀵屽拰浼樼編锛屽苟閫氳繃澶氱娲诲姩甯姪骞煎効鍔犳繁瀵逛綔鍝佺殑浣撻獙鍜岀悊瑙ｃ�傗�濄�婃寚鍗椼�嬫寚鍑猴紝骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐩爣涔嬩竴鏄枩娆㈠惉鏁呬簨锛岀湅鍥句功锛屽苟瀵逛笉鍚岄樁娈靛効绔ヨ瑷�鍙戝睍瑙勫緥鍜岀壒鐐逛互鍙婃暀甯堟暀鑲茬粰浜堝悎鐞嗘湡鏈涖�傜粨鍚堝辜鍎胯瑷�鍙戝睍鐗圭偣浠ュ強銆婃寚鍗椼�嬬簿绁烇紝骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧娲诲姩鐨勭洰鏍囧畾浣嶅彲鍋氬涓嬫�濊�冦��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e071">1.骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧鐨勮鐭ョ洰鏍�</h5>
+ <p>锛�1锛変赴瀵屼笌浣滃搧鐩稿叧鐨勭ぞ浼氱煡璇嗭紝瀛︿細涓�浜涘垵姝ョ殑浜洪檯浜ゅ線鎶�鑳姐��</p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="77">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(77) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">070</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 锛�2锛夌煡閬撳辜鍎挎枃瀛︿富瑕佹湁绔ヨ瘽銆佽瘲姝屻�佹暎鏂囩瓑浣撹锛屼簡瑙ｈ瑷�鐨勪赴瀵屾�с�佸鏍锋�э紝瀵逛功闈㈣瑷�鏈夊垵姝ヨ鐭ワ紝鎳傚緱鏂囧浣滃搧涓繍鐢ㄧ殑鏄鑼冭�屾垚鐔熺殑璇█銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�3锛夌悊瑙ｆ枃瀛︿綔鍝佸唴瀹癸紝瀛︿細鏍囧噯鍙戦煶锛屾墿灞曡瘝姹囷紝浜嗚В鍚勭璇彞鐨勮〃杈撅紝鏄庣櫧涔﹂潰璇█鍜屽彛澶磋瑷�鐨勫搴斿叧绯汇��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e072">2.骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧鐨勬儏鎰熸�佸害鐩爣</h5>
+ <p>
+ 锛�1锛夊涔﹂潰璇█鏈夋祿鍘氱殑鍏磋叮锛屽枩娆㈡枃瀛︿綔鍝侊紝绉瀬鍙傚姞鏂囧浣滃搧鐨勫涔犳椿鍔紝涔愭剰鑱嗗惉鍜岄槄璇绘枃瀛︿綔鍝併��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�2锛変綋楠屼綔鍝佷腑浜虹墿鐨勭湡鍠勭編锛屾劅鍙楁枃瀛︿綔鍝佺殑鎯呮劅鑴夌粶鍜岃瑷�缇庯紝鍙戝睍骞煎効鐨勮壓鏈兂璞″姏鍜屽缇庤兘鍔涖��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e073">3.骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧鐨勬妧鑳界洰鏍�</h5>
+ <p>锛�1锛夊浼氬�惧惉鍜岃〃杈撅紝鎻愰珮璇█鐨勬劅鍙楄兘鍔涖��</p>
+ <p>锛�2锛変細璇达紝璇村ソ鏅�氳瘽銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�3锛夋劅鐭ュ辜鍎挎枃瀛︿綔鍝佺殑鑹烘湳鎬у缓鏋勮瑷�鐨勮〃鐜扮壒鐐癸紝鑳藉垱閫犳�у湴杩愮敤璇█鎵╁睍涓汉缁忛獙鍜屾兂璞★紝灏濊瘯鑹烘湳鎬х殑缁撴瀯璇█锛屽苟閫氳繃璇█銆佸姩浣溿�侀煶涔愩�佺編鏈瓑涓嶅悓琛ㄧ幇鏂瑰紡锛岀Н鏋佷富鍔ㄥ湴琛ㄨ揪涓汉瀵规枃瀛︿綔鍝佺殑鐞嗚В銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d062">锛堜簩锛夊辜鍎挎枃瀛︿綔鍝佸唴瀹圭殑閫夋嫨</h4>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧鏃㈡槸鏁欒偛鐩爣鐨勮浇浣撳張鏄椿鍔ㄧ殑渚濇嵁銆備綔鍝佸唴瀹圭殑閫夋嫨鏃㈣鑰冭檻鍒颁綔鍝佺殑鏁欒偛鍔熻兘鍙堣鑰冭檻鍒板辜鍎跨殑骞撮緞鐗圭偣銆佹帴鍙楄兘鍔涘拰娆ｈ祻瓒ｅ懗銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e074">1.浣滃搧鍐呭鍋ュ悍锛屽瘜鏈夋闈㈡暀鑲叉剰涔�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧鏄骞煎効杩涜鐪熴�佸杽銆佺編鏁欒偛鐨勯噸瑕佽浇浣擄紝搴斿惎杩効绔ュ績鐏碉紝鍒╀簬鍎跨寰枫�佹櫤銆佷綋銆佺編銆佸姵鍏ㄩ潰鍙戝睍銆傚鏁呬簨涓汉鐗╃殑鍠勮壇銆佸媷鏁€�佹鐩寸殑琛屼负鏈夊埄浜庡効绔ュ舰鎴愰亾寰锋劅鍜岃壇濂戒釜鎬с��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e075">2.浣滃搧涓殑褰㈣薄椴滄槑鐢熷姩</h5>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧鎵�濉戦�犵殑褰㈣薄瑕佹椿鐏垫椿鐜版墠鑳借骞煎効鎰熺煡锛屼富浜哄叕涓嶈鏄皬鏈嬪弸杩樻槸灏忓姩鐗╋紝閮借褰㈣薄椴滄槑銆傚鍎挎瓕銆婁竴鍙搱宸寸嫍銆嬶細涓�鍙搱宸寸嫍/绔欏湪澶ч棬鍙�/鐪肩潧榛戞补娌�/鎯冲悆鑲夐澶�//涓�鍙搱宸寸嫍/鍚冨畬鑲夐澶�/灏惧反鎽囦竴鎽�/鍚戞垜鐐圭偣澶淬�傝繖浜涚敓鍔ㄥ舰璞＄殑鎻忚堪涓嶄粎鍐欏嚭浜嗗皬鐙楃殑绁炴�佸拰鐢熸椿涔犳�э紝杩樺鍔犱簡浣滃搧鐨勮壓鏈劅鏌撳姏鍜岃〃鐜板姏锛屾繁鍙楀辜鍎垮枩鐖便��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e076">3.浣滃搧缁撴瀯绠�鍗曪紝鎯呰妭鍗曠函鏈夎叮</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鐢变簬骞煎効瀵逛簨鐗╅�昏緫鍏崇郴鐨勭悊瑙ｆ瘮杈冪畝鍗曪紝杩樹笉鑳芥繁灞傛鐞嗚В锛屽洜姝ょ粰骞煎効閫夋嫨鐨勪綔鍝佺殑鎯呰妭涓嶅疁澶鏉傘�傞�氬父涓�閮ㄤ綔鍝佷富瑕佽涓�浠朵簨锛岃�屼笖浜虹墿涓嶅疁杩囧锛屼汉鐗╁叧绯讳笉瀹滆繃浜庡鏉傘�傚湪缁撴瀯鏂归潰锛屽辜鍎挎枃瀛﹀閲囩敤鈥滃紑闂ㄨ灞扁�濈殑鏂瑰紡锛屼緥濡傦紝銆婄嫾鍜屽皬缇娿�嬩竴寮�澶村氨鍐欏弻鏂圭殑鍐茬獊鈥斺�斾竴鍙皬缇婂湪娌宠竟鍠濇按锛屼竴鍙嫾璧拌繃鏉ヨ锛氳繖娌抽噷鐨勬按鏄垜鐨勶紝浣犱负浠�涔堝枬鎴戠殑姘达紵杩欐牱锛屼竴涓嬪瓙灏辨妸骞煎効鍚稿紩鍒版晠浜嬫儏鑺備腑鍘讳簡銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="78">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(78) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗洓绔� 骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">071</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <h5 id="e077">4.浣滃搧棰樻潗骞挎硾锛屾弧瓒冲辜鍎垮鏂归潰绮剧闇�瑕�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 搴斾负骞煎効閫夋嫨澶氱棰樻潗浣滃搧锛岃娌夋穩鍦ㄦ枃瀛︿綔鍝佷腑鐨勫ぇ閲忛棿鎺ョ粡楠屼笌骞煎効鍙戠敓鐩镐簰浣滅敤锛屽鍚湁鍝插鍚挋鎬濇兂鐨勩�婂皬椹繃娌炽�嬨�佷唬琛ㄤ汉绫绘櫤鎱х殑銆婃浌鍐茬О璞°�嬨�佸煿鍏昏瘹瀹炵編寰风殑銆婃墜鎹х┖鑺辩泦鐨勫瀛愩�嬨�佸厖婊＄瀛﹀够鎯崇殑銆婁竷鑹茶姳銆嬨�佺粡鍏稿悕浜哄悕钁椼�婂崠鐏煷鐨勫皬濂冲銆嬨�婁笐灏忛腑銆嬨�婂皬铦岃毆鎵惧濡堛�嬬瓑閮藉彲浠ュ湪閫傚綋鐨勬椂鍊欎负骞煎効閫夋嫨銆�
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk">
+ <div class="bk1">
+ <p><span class="bj2">骞煎効鍥暀甯堣祫鏍艰瘉鑰冭瘯路鑰冪偣棰勬祴</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-2">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="../../images/tb-1.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧娲诲姩鏄辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛棰嗗煙鐨勯噸瑕佹椿鍔ㄤ箣涓�锛屽叾瀵瑰辜鍎胯瑷�鍙戝睍鍏锋湁绉瀬浠峰�笺�備綔涓哄辜鍎挎暀甯堬紝璇蜂綘璋堜竴璋堝簲璇ヤ负骞煎効閫夋嫨浠�涔堟牱鐨勫辜鍎挎枃瀛︿綔鍝併��
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <h4 id="d063">锛堜笁锛夊辜鍎挎枃瀛︿綔鍝佹椿鍔ㄧ殑璁捐涓庣粍缁�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧娲诲姩鏄互骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧涓哄熀纭�鏁欒偛鍐呭鑰岃璁＄粍缁囩殑涓�绯诲垪璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩銆傛椿鍔ㄥ線寰�浠庢煇涓�鍏蜂綋鐨勬枃瀛︿綔鍝佺殑鏁欏鍏ユ墜锛屽洿缁曡繖涓綔鍝佸睍寮�绯诲垪鐩稿叧涓婚娲诲姩銆傚辜鍎胯蛋杩涗綔鍝侊紝鐞嗚В浣撻獙浣滃搧涓婚锛屽涔犲叾涓板瘜鐢熷姩鐨勮瑷�锛屾劅鍙椾綔鍝佷汉鐗╃殑鐪熷杽缇庯紱鐒跺悗閫氳繃寮�灞曠郴鍒楄縼绉绘椿鍔ㄥ張璧板嚭浣滃搧锛岃蛋杩涚幇瀹烇紝鍦ㄧ湡瀹炵敓娲讳腑杩愮敤浣滃搧璇█锛屽彂灞曞畬鏁磋瑷�銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鐨勮瑷�鑳藉姏鏄湪浜ゆ祦涓庤繍鐢ㄨ繃绋嬩腑鍙戝睍璧锋潵鐨勶紝骞煎効璇█鐨勫涔犻渶瑕佺浉搴旂殑绀句細缁忛獙鏀寔锛屽闀挎暀甯堝簲鍦ㄧ敓娲绘儏澧冨拰闃呰娲诲姩涓煿鍏诲辜鍎垮鏂囧瓧鐨勫叴瓒ｃ�傛晠姝わ紝骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧娲诲姩蹇呴』鍏呭垎璋冨姩骞煎効瀛︿範鐨勭Н鏋佷富鍔ㄦ�э紝蹇呴』浠庝互鏁欏笀涓轰腑蹇冪殑鍗曞悜浼犳巿鏁欏杞悜浠ュ辜鍎夸负涓讳綋鐨勭Н鏋佸涔犮�佹劅鐭ヤ綋楠屻�佸垱閫犳�ц繍鐢ㄦ枃瀛﹁瑷�鐨勫鏍蜂簰鍔ㄦ暀瀛︺�傛暀甯堝紩瀵煎辜鍎垮紑灞曠郴鍒楃浉鍏虫椿鍔紝闇�鎶婃彙濂戒互涓嬪嚑涓眰娆°��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e078">1.瀛︿範鏂囧浣滃搧鍐呭</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鍒涜鎯呭锛屽涔犳璧忔枃瀛︿綔鍝侊紝杩欐槸绯诲垪鏂囧浣滃搧娲诲姩鐨勯瑕佺幆鑺傘�備絾鏄綔鍝佷互浣曠鏂瑰紡鍛堢幇缁欏辜鍎匡紝鏄暀甯堝繀椤诲厖鍒嗚�冭檻鐨勯棶棰樸�傞渶鏍规嵁鏈彮骞煎効鐨勫疄闄呮按骞炽�佷綔鍝佺殑闅炬槗绋嬪害銆佹椿鍔ㄧ幆澧冧笌鏉愭枡鐨勪究鍒╀笌鍚︼紝閲囧彇涓嶅悓鐨勬柟寮忕粍缁囨暀瀛︺�傛湁鐨勯�夌敤姣旇緝鐩磋褰㈣薄鐨勬寕鍥俱�佸够鐏墖銆佹闈㈢珛浣撴暀鍏枫�佹湪鍋躲�佹墜鍋躲�佸濯掍綋璇句欢銆佸ご楗扮瓑瑙嗚杈呭姪鏁欏鎵嬫锛涙湁鐨勯�夌敤褰曢煶銆佹暀甯堣杩板苟閰嶅悎鐜╂暀鍏风瓑杈呭姪鏁欏褰㈠紡锛涜繕鏈夌殑閫夌敤鍎跨鍓ф垨鍝戝墽绛夊睍鐜颁綔鍝佸唴瀹广�傚鏋滀綔鍝佹瘮杈冩祬鏄炬槗鎳傦紝濡傛湁浜涘効姝岋紝鏁欏笀鍙负浠栦滑鏈楄骞跺紩瀵煎辜鍎胯璇汇��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄨ繖涓�灞傛锛岄噸鐐规槸甯姪骞煎効鏁翠綋鎰熺煡鍜屾璧忎綔鍝併�傛暀甯堜笉瀹滆繃澶氶噸澶嶈杩颁綔鍝佹垨寮鸿皟骞煎効鏈烘鑳岃浣滃搧锛屼互鍏嶅辜鍎垮け鍘诲鏂囧浣滃搧鐨勫叴瓒ｃ�傛暀甯堝彲浠ラ�氳繃閫傚綋鎻愰棶锛屽府鍔╁辜鍎跨悊瑙ｄ綔鍝佺殑涓昏鎯呰妭銆佷汉鐗╂�ф牸銆佷富棰樺拰鏂囧璇█鐗硅壊銆傛暀甯堝湪鎻愬嚭闄堣堪鎬ч棶棰樼殑鍩虹涓婂彲浠ユ牴鎹辜鍎垮凡鏈夌粡楠屾彁鍑烘�濊�冩�т笌鍋囪鎬ч棶棰橈紝鍚彂骞煎効娣卞叆鎬濊�冨拰鎯宠薄銆備緥濡傦紝鍦ㄣ�婃垜鐨勫垢杩愪竴澶┿�嬩腑锛屾暀甯堝彲浠ラ棶锛氣�滆繖鏄皝鐨勫垢杩愪竴澶╋紝涓轰粈涔堬紵鈥濊繕鍙互闂細鈥滆繖鏄�庢牱鐨勪竴鍙皬鐚紝浣犲枩娆㈠畠鍚楋紵鈥濊繖浜涢棶棰樻湁鍔╀簬骞煎効鍔犳繁
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="79">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(79) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">072</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>瀵规枃瀛︿綔鍝佺殑鐞嗚В鍜屾帉鎻°��</p>
+ <h5 id="e079">2.鐞嗚В浣撻獙浣滃搧</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄥ涔犱綔鍝佸唴瀹圭殑鍩虹涓婏紝鏁欏笀杩樻湁蹇呰寮曞骞煎効鐞嗚В浣滃搧銆佷綋楠屼綔鍝侊紝灏ゅ叾鏄紩瀵煎辜鍎夸綋楠屼綔鍝佹墍灞曠ず鐨勪汉鐗╁績鐞嗕笘鐣屻�傛暀甯堝彲鍥寸粫浣滃搧鍐呭璁捐鍜岀粍缁囦竴绯诲垪鐩稿叧娲诲姩锛屽瑙傚療璧拌銆佸浘鐗囧睍绀恒�佸姩鐢荤墖鎾斁銆佹儏鏅〃婕斻�佺粯鐢讳笌鎵嬪伐銆佽皥璇濈瓑锛屽紩瀵煎辜鍎胯璁恒�佽〃杈俱�佽〃鐜版枃瀛︿綔鍝佸唴瀹癸紝杩涗竴姝ヨ璇嗕綔鍝佷腑钑村惈鐨勭敓娲绘櫤鎱у拰绮剧澧冪晫銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e080">3.杩佺Щ浣滃搧缁忛獙</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鏂囧浣滃搧鏃㈡潵婧愪簬鐢熸椿鍙堥珮浜庣敓娲伙紝鏂囧浣滃搧鍚戝辜鍎垮睍绀虹殑鏄棿鎺ョ粡楠岋紝杩欑缁忛獙浼氫娇骞煎効瑙夊緱鏃㈢啛鎮夊張鏈夎叮锛岃揩鍒囧笇鏈涗綋楠屻�備负浜嗕娇骞煎効鐪熸鐞嗚В浣滃搧锛屽氨瑕佷负骞煎効鍒涜鍥寸粫浣滃搧鍐呭閲嶇偣寮�灞曠殑鍙搷浣滅殑鎴栧叿鏈夋父鎴忔�ц川鐨勬椿鍔紝杩欐牱鏃㈡湁鍔╀簬骞煎効娣卞叆鐞嗚В浣滃搧锛屼篃涓哄辜鍎胯繘涓�姝ュ紑灞曟兂璞″拰杩涜璇█琛ㄨ揪鍒涢�犱簡鏉′欢銆備緥濡傦紝瀛︿範杩囨晠浜嬨�婁細鍔ㄧ殑鎴垮瓙銆嬩箣鍚庯紝鏁欏笀鍚彂骞煎効锛氣�滃皬鏉鹃紶鐨勬埧瀛愯繕浼氱Щ鍔ㄥ埌鍝噷鍘诲憖锛熶綘鍙互鐢ㄤ粈涔堝姙娉曚娇浣犵殑鎴垮瓙鍔ㄨ捣鏉ュ憿锛熲�濅互姝ゆ潵甯姪骞煎効杩佺Щ鍜屼綋楠屼綔鍝佷腑鐨勭粡楠屻��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e081">4.鍒涢�犳�ф兂璞″拰璇█琛ㄨ揪</h5>
+ <p>
+ 閫氳繃浠ヤ笂涓変釜灞傛鐨勬椿鍔紝骞煎効瀵规枃瀛︿綔鍝佺殑瀛︿範銆佺悊瑙ｅ拰浣撻獙宸茶揪鍒颁竴瀹氱殑瑕佹眰锛屾暀甯堝彲浠ヨ繘涓�姝ュ垱璁炬潯浠讹紝寮曞骞煎効閫氳繃浣滃搧鍐嶇幇銆佸垱缂栫瓑娲诲姩鎵╁睍鑷繁鐨勬兂璞★紝灏濊瘯杩涜鑹烘湳鎬ц瑷�鐨勬椿鍔ㄣ��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 涓�鑸潵璇达紝鍒涢�犳�ф兂璞″拰璇█琛ㄨ揪鍙互浠庝笁涓柟闈㈠紑灞曟椿鍔細涓�鏄壓鏈湴鍐嶇幇鏂囧浣滃搧锛屽澶嶈堪鏁呬簨銆佽瘲姝屾湕璇点�佽〃婕旂瓑褰㈠紡锛涗簩鏄寚瀵煎辜鍎夸豢缂栨枃瀛︿綔鍝侊紝渚嬪锛屽彲浠ヤ粠鎹竴涓や釜璇嶅埌鎹竴涓や釜鍙ュ瓙锛屽啀鍒版暣涓綔鍝佺殑浠跨紪绛夛紱涓夋槸鎸囧骞煎効鍒涚紪鏂囧浣滃搧锛屾暀甯堝彲浠ュ紩瀵煎辜鍎跨画缂栨晠浜嬨�佷豢缂栬瘲姝屾暎鏂囨垨鍥寸粫浣滃搧鍐呭杩涜鍒涢�犳�ф兂璞″苟璁茶堪绛夈��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鎬讳箣锛屽湪杩欎釜绯诲垪娲诲姩涓紝骞煎効鍦ㄦ暀甯堝紩棰嗕笅锛屽惊搴忔笎杩涖�佺敱娴呭叆娣卞湴鍙戝睍璇█鑳藉姏锛屼粠鐞嗚В鍒拌〃杈俱�佷粠妯′豢鍒板垱鏂帮紝涓嶄粎鍙戝睍浜嗗畬鏁寸殑璇█锛屽悓鏃舵縺鍙戜簡鎯宠薄鍔涳紝骞舵湁鍔╀簬鑹烘湳鎬濈淮鑳藉姏浠ュ強鍏朵粬鑳藉姏鐨勫彂灞曘��
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk">
+ <div class="bk1">
+ <p><span class="bj2">缁冧竴缁�</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-4">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-2" alt="" src="../../images/tb-2.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 浠ヤ笅鏄瑷�鏂囧浣滃搧娲诲姩銆婃槬澶╃殑鐢佃瘽銆嬬殑璁捐妗堜緥锛岃澶у鎺㈣杩欎釜娲诲姩璁捐鐨勫摢浜涙柟闈㈠緱褰擄紝鍝簺鏂归潰涓嶇鍚堝辜鍎垮彂灞曠殑瀹為檯銆傚鏋滀綘鍑嗗缁欐煇骞撮緞鐝辜鍎垮畨鎺掕繖涓晠浜嬫椿鍔紝浣犳兂鎬庢牱璁捐浣犵殑娲诲姩鐩爣鍜岀粍缁囩幆鑺傚憿锛�
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="80">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(80) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗洓绔� 骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">073</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">娲诲姩妗堜緥4-1</span></p>
+ <div class="tp">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <b
+ >鏁呬簨娲诲姩锛氥�婃槬澶╃殑鐢佃瘽銆嬶紙灏忕彮锛�<a id="w2"></a
+ ><a href="chapter004.html#m2"><sup>[2]</sup></a></b
+ >
+ </p>
+ <p><b>瀛︽儏鍒嗘瀽锛�</b></p>
+ <p>1.鏈彮骞煎効璇█鍙戝睍姘村钩</p>
+ <p>
+ 閫氳繃涓婂鏈熺殑鍩瑰吇锛屾垜鐝辜鍎跨殑璇█琛ㄨ揪鑳藉姏鏈変簡寰堝ぇ鐨勬彁楂橈紝鑳借鏅�氳瘽锛屽枩娆㈠惉鏁呬簨銆傜粨鍚堝鑺傦紝鎴戣璁′簡杩欎竴娲诲姩銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>2.鏁欐潗鐗圭偣</p>
+ <p>
+ 銆婃槬澶╃殑鐢佃瘽銆嬫槸涓�绡囩粨鏋勭畝鍗曘�佺煭灏忕簿鎮嶇殑绔ヨ瘽鏁呬簨銆備綔鍝佽繍鐢ㄩ噸澶嶇殑鎵嬫硶锛屾弿缁樹簡浜斾釜灏忓姩鐗╅�氳繃鎵撶數璇濈浉浜掍紶閫掓槬澶╀俊鎭殑鏁呬簨锛岃〃杈句簡鐩镐簰鍏崇埍鐨勭編濂芥儏鎰熴�備綔鍝佽瑷�绮剧粌浼樼編锛屽瘜鏈夋儏瓒ｃ�備簲涓皬鍔ㄧ墿鐨勭數璇濅俊鎭弿缁樹簡涓�骞呯編涓界殑鏄ユ櫙鍥撅紝鏃㈣兘婵�鍙戝辜鍎胯瀵熸槬澶╁彉鍖栫殑鍏磋叮锛屽張鑳戒娇骞煎効閫氳繃瀛︿範銆佹ā浠挎墦鐢佃瘽鐨勮瑷�缁冧範璇磋瘽锛岀鍚堝皬鐝辜鍎跨殑骞撮緞鐗圭偣鍜屽涔犵壒鐐广�傚洜姝よ繖绡囩璇濇晠浜嬮�傚悎灏忕彮骞煎効鐨勬暀瀛︺��
+ </p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩鐩爣锛�</b></p>
+ <p>锛�1锛夊湪鏁欏笀鏈夋劅鎯呯殑璁茶堪涓紝骞煎効鍠滄鍚晠浜嬶紝鐭ラ亾鏁呬簨鍚嶇О銆�</p>
+ <p>锛�2锛変簡瑙ｅ皬鍔ㄧ墿鎵撶數璇濈殑椤哄簭锛屽璇村皬鍔ㄧ墿鎵撶數璇濈殑璇█銆�</p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩鍑嗗锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 鏉愭枡鍑嗗锛氬皬鐔娿�佸皬鏉鹃紶銆佸皬鍏斻�佸皬闈掕洐銆佸皬楦＄殑鍥剧墖锛屼笌鏁呬簨鍐呭鐩稿惢鍚堢殑鑳屾櫙鍥俱��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 缁忛獙鍑嗗锛氾紙1锛夎繖涓椿鍔ㄥ畨鎺掑湪鏄ュぉ鐨勫鑺傜壒寰佹瘮杈冩槑鏄剧殑鏃跺�欒繘琛屻�傛椿鍔ㄥ墠锛屼笌瀹堕暱鑱旂郴锛岃瀹堕暱甯﹀辜鍎块�氳繃鏄ユ父绛夋椿鍔ㄤ翰韬劅鍙楁槬澶┿��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�2锛夋椿鍔ㄥ墠璁╁辜鍎夸簡瑙ｅ皬鐔娿�佸皬鏉鹃紶銆佸皬鍏斻�佸皬闈掕洐銆佸皬楦＄殑鐢熸椿涔犳�с��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�3锛夋椿鍔ㄥ墠鏁欏笀缁勭粐骞煎効鐜╂墦鐢佃瘽鐨勬父鎴忥紝鍒濇鎰熺煡鎵撶數璇濈殑杩囩▼锛屼綋浼氳繍鐢ㄨ繖涓�琛ㄨ揪鏂瑰紡鐨勪箰瓒ｃ��
+ </p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩杩囩▼锛�</b></p>
+ <p>1.鐩存帴寮曞嚭璇濋锛屾縺鍙戝辜鍎垮惉鏁呬簨鐨勫叴瓒�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鎻愰棶锛氣�滀綘浠煡閬撶幇鍦ㄦ槸浠�涔堝鑺傚悧锛熻儭鑰佸笀灏辩粰浣犱滑璁蹭竴涓叧浜庢槬澶╃殑鏁呬簨锛屽悕瀛楀彨銆婃槬澶╃殑鐢佃瘽銆嬨�傗��
+ </p>
+ <p>2.鏁欏笀鏈夋劅鎯呭湴璁茶堪鏁呬簨</p>
+ <p>锛�1锛夐厤涔愯鏁呬簨銆�</p>
+ <p>锛�2锛夐拡瀵规晠浜嬪唴瀹硅繘琛屾彁闂��</p>
+ <p>鎻愰棶锛氣�滄晠浜嬪彨浠�涔堝悕瀛楋紵鏁呬簨閲岄兘鏈夎皝锛熷畠浠湪鍋氫粈涔堬紵鈥�</p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m2"></a><a href="chapter004.html#w2">[2]</a>
+ 鏁欒偛閮ㄦ暀鑲茬鐞嗕俊鎭腑蹇冪粍.鍏ㄥ浗浼樼骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩璇句緥璇勬瀽锛籑锛�.閲嶅簡锛氳タ鍗楀笀鑼冨ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2011锛�17-21.鎺堣鏁欏笀锛氬寳浜競椤轰箟鍖哄垢绂忓辜鍎垮洯鑳℃棴绾紝鏈夊垹鏀�.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="81">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(81) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">074</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>3.瀹屾暣鍦版璧忚浠�</p>
+ <p>鈥滆鎴戜滑鍐嶆潵鍚惉鏁呬簨銆傗��</p>
+ <p>4.鍊熷姪鑳屾櫙鍥撅紝浜嗚В灏忓姩鐗╂墦鐢佃瘽鐨勯『搴忥紝瀛﹁灏忓姩鐗╂墦鐢佃瘽鐨勮瑷�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀鍊熷姪鑳屾櫙鍥撅紝鍑虹ず灏忓姩鐗╁浘鐗囧苟鎻愰棶锛氭晠浜嬮噷鏈夎皝锛熷畠浠湪鍋氫粈涔堬紵涓轰粈涔堣鎵撶數璇濓紵瀹冧滑鍦ㄧ粰璋佹墦鐢佃瘽锛熷畠浠槸鎬庝箞璇寸殑锛熷紩瀵煎辜鍎垮洖蹇嗘墦鐢佃瘽鐨勮瑷�锛岄紦鍔卞辜鍎垮璇存墦鐢佃瘽鐢ㄨ锛屽府鍔╁辜鍎跨啛鎮夊皬鍔ㄧ墿鎵撶數璇濈殑椤哄簭銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 灏忕唺琚粈涔堟儕閱掍簡锛熼啋鏉ュ悗瀹冨共浜嗕粈涔堬紵瀹冭繛蹇欑粰璋佹墦鐢佃瘽锛熷畠鏄�庝箞璇寸殑锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>灏忔澗榧犲惉浜嗙數璇濅互鍚庡張鎵撶粰璋侊紵瀹冩槸鎬庝箞璇寸殑锛�</p>
+ <p>灏忓厰鍚簡鐢佃瘽浠ュ悗鍙堟墦缁欒皝锛熷畠鏄�庝箞璇寸殑锛�</p>
+ <p>灏忛潚铔欏惉浜嗙數璇濅互鍚庡張鎵撶粰璋侊紵瀹冩槸鎬庝箞璇寸殑锛�</p>
+ <p>灏忛浮鍚簡鐢佃瘽浠ュ悗鍙堟墦缁欒皝锛熷畠鏄�庝箞璇寸殑锛�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏈�鍚庯紝瀹冧滑涓�璧峰嚭鏉ユ墠鍙戠幇浜嗕粈涔堬紵瀹冧滑鎬庝箞璇寸殑锛熷皬鐔婂張鎬庢牱琛ㄧず鐨勫憿锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>5.缁撴潫娲诲姩</p>
+ <p>
+ 鈥滀綘浠兂涓嶆兂鎶婃槬澶╂潵浜嗙殑娑堟伅鍛婅瘔浣犵殑濂芥湅鍙嬨�佷綘鐨勭埜鐖稿濡堬紝鎴栬�呬綘鍠滄鐨勮�佸笀鍛紵浣犳兂缁欒皝鎵撶數璇濓紵涓�浼氬効鍦ㄦ椿鍔ㄥ尯鐜╁効鐨勬椂鍊欙紝浣犲彲浠ユ墦鐢佃瘽鍛婅瘔浠栨槬澶╂潵浜嗐�傗��
+ </p>
+ <p>6.寤朵几娲诲姩</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�1锛夊紩瀵煎辜鍎垮�熷姪鐩稿簲鐨勫浘鐗囥�佸ご楗板強鐜╁叿鐢佃瘽鐞嗚В鏁呬簨鍐呭锛屽苟璇峰辜鍎胯嚜鐢辩粨浼达紝鍦ㄦ暀甯堟寚瀵间笅琛ㄦ紨鏁呬簨銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�2锛夊紩瀵煎辜鍎垮皢瑙傚療鍒扮殑鍙樺寲閫氳繃鈥滄墦鐢佃瘽鈥濈殑褰㈠紡锛屾姤鍛婄粰鍚屼即銆佽�佸笀鍙婂闀匡紝鍩瑰吇骞煎効鐨勮〃杈捐兘鍔涖��
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�3锛夊紩瀵煎辜鍎垮湪瑙傚療鐨勫熀纭�涓婄敤缁樼敾鐨勬柟寮忚〃鐜版槬澶╃編涓界殑鏅壊銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�4锛夌粨鍚堟晠浜嬬嚎绱紝鍦ㄤ赴瀵屽辜鍎跨浉鍏崇粡楠岀殑鍩虹涓婂紩瀵煎辜鍎垮垱缂栨晠浜嬶紝濡傚皬楦″悆绫筹紝灏忛腑鎴忔按锛岄紦鍔卞辜鍎胯〃婕斿皬楦°�佸皬楦瓑鎵撶數璇濓紝璁╁叾杩涗竴姝ユ劅鍙楀拰浣撻獙鏄ュぉ鐨勬櫙鑹层��
+ </p>
+ <p><b>闄勬晠浜嬶細銆婃槬澶╃殑鐢佃瘽銆�</b></p>
+ <p>杞伴殕闅嗏�斺�旀墦闆蜂簡銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鐫′簡涓�涓啲澶╃殑灏忕唺琚儕閱掍簡锛屽畠鎻夋弶鐪肩潧锛屾墦寮�绐楁埛寰�澶栦竴鐪嬶細鈥滃晩锛屽師鏉ユ槸鏄ュぉ鏉ヤ簡锛佲�濆畠杩炲繖鎷胯捣鐢佃瘽锛屾嫧鍙风爜鈥斺��1-2-3-4-5銆傗�滃杺锛屽皬鏉鹃紶鍚楋紵鏄ュぉ鏉ヤ簡锛屽ぇ鏍戝彂鑺戒簡锛屽揩鍑烘潵鐜╃帺鍚э紒鈥�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 灏忔澗榧犲惉浜嗭紝涔熸嬁璧风數璇濓紝鎷ㄥ彿鐮佲�斺��2-3-4-5-1銆傗�滃杺锛屽皬鍏斿悧锛熸槬澶╂潵浜嗭紝灏忚崏缁夸簡锛屽揩鍑烘潵鍚冭崏鍚э紒鈥�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 灏忓厰鍚簡锛屼篃鎷胯捣鐢佃瘽锛屾嫧鍙风爜鈥斺��3-4-5-1-2銆傗�滃杺锛屽皬闈掕洐鍚楋紵鏄ュぉ鏉ヤ簡锛屽皬娌虫祦姘翠簡锛屽揩鍑烘潵娓告吵鍚э紒鈥�
+ </p>
+ <p>灏忛潚铔欏惉浜嗭紝涔熸嬁璧风數璇濓紝鎷ㄥ彿鐮佲�斺��4-5-1-2-3銆傗�滃杺锛屽皬楦″悧锛熸槬澶╂潵</p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="82">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(82) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗洓绔� 骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">075</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>浜嗭紝铏瓙鐖嚭鏉ヤ簡锛屽揩鍑烘潵鎹夎櫕瀛愬惂锛佲��</p>
+ <p>
+ 灏忛浮鍚簡锛屼篃鎷胯捣鐢佃瘽锛屾嫧鍙风爜鈥斺��5-1-2-3-4銆傗�滃杺锛屽皬鐔婂悧锛熸槬澶╂潵浜嗭紝妗冭姳閮藉紑浜嗭紝蹇嚭鏉ラ噰鑺卞惂锛佲��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 灏忕唺鍚簡锛岄珮楂樺叴鍏村湴鏉ュ埌澶栬竟锛岀湅瑙佸ぇ浼欏叏鍑烘潵浜嗐�傚畠纰拌浜嗗皬楦★紝璇达細鈥滆阿璋綘缁欐垜鎵撶數璇濓紝鍛婅瘔鎴戞槬澶╂潵浜嗐�傗�濆皬楦℃寚鎸囧皬闈掕洐锛屽皬闈掕洐鎸囨寚灏忓厰锛屽皬鍏旀寚鎸囧皬鏉鹃紶锛岄兘璇达細鈥滄槸瀹冨厛缁欐垜鎵撶數璇濈殑锛屽簲璇ユ劅璋㈠畠銆傗�濆皬鏉鹃紶鎸囩潃灏忕唺璇达細鈥滄垜浠簲璇ユ劅璋㈠皬鐔婏紒鏄畠绗竴涓粰鎴戞墦鐢佃瘽鐨勶紒鈥�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 灏忕唺鍚簡锛岃繛蹇欑敤涓ゅ彧澶ф墜鎹備綇鑴革紝涓嶅ソ鎰忔�濆湴璇达細鈥滀笉鐢ㄨ阿锛屼笉鐢ㄨ阿銆傗��
+ </p>
+ <p>杩欎竴澶╋紝澶у鐜╁緱鐪熷揩娲汇��</p>
+ <h2 id="b010">绗簩鑺傘��骞煎効鏁呬簨娲诲姩鐨勮璁′笌缁勭粐鎸囧</h2>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鏁呬簨鏈夊箍涔夈�佺嫮涔変箣鍒嗐�傚箍涔夌殑骞煎効鏁呬簨涓�鑸寘鎷璇濇晠浜嬨�佺璇濄�佸巻鍙叉晠浜嬨�佹垚璇晠浜嬨�佺瑧璇濈瓑澶氱褰㈠紡锛涚嫮涔夌殑骞煎効鏁呬簨涓�鑸寚鍋忛噸浜庡啓瀹炪�侀�傚悎骞煎効娆ｈ祻鐨勭璇濇晠浜嬪拰骞煎効鐢熸椿鏁呬簨绛夈�傚辜鍎垮洯鐨勬晠浜嬫椿鍔ㄤ竴鑸寚鍥寸粫鐙箟鐨勫辜鍎挎晠浜嬪紑灞曠殑绯诲垪娲诲姩銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁呬簨鏄辜鍎挎渶鍠滅埍鐨勬枃瀛︿綋瑁佷箣涓�锛屼负骞煎効鎵撳紑浜嗚璇嗕笘鐣岀殑涓�鎵囩獥锛屽叾涓板瘜鐨勬兂璞°�佺簿褰╃殑鎯呰妭涓庣敓鍔ㄧ殑璇█閮芥繁娣卞惛寮曠潃骞煎効銆傜粍缁囧ソ鏁呬簨娲诲姩鐨勭涓�姝ュ氨鏄�夋嫨閫傚悎骞煎効鐨勬晠浜嬮鏉愩��
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c023">涓�銆佸辜鍎挎晠浜嬬殑閫夋潗瑕佺偣</h3>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鏁呬簨鏁欏鎵�閫夌殑鏁呬簨闄や簡闇�瑕侀伒寰枃瀛︿綔鍝佺殑鏂囧鎬с�佹暀鑲叉�х瓑涓�鑸壒鐐逛箣澶栵紝杩樿鑰冭檻骞煎効鏁呬簨鏈韩鐨勪竴浜涚壒鐐广��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 绗竴锛屼富棰樺崟涓�鏄庣‘锛屾湁涓�瀹氭暀鑲叉剰涔夈�傚辜鍎挎晠浜嬫椿鍔ㄤ腑鎵�閫夌殑浣滃搧涓婚搴旂畝鍗曟槑纭紝鏄撲簬骞煎効鐞嗚В锛涗綔鍝佸唴瀹瑰仴搴锋槑鏈楋紝鍏锋湁涓�瀹氱殑鎬濇兂鏁欒偛鎰忎箟锛屽銆婅悵鍗滃洖鏉ヤ簡銆嬨�婅阿璋㈠皬鐚村瓙銆嬨�婄摐鐡滃悆鐡溿�嬬瓑銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 绗簩锛屾儏鑺傜敓鍔ㄦ湁瓒ｏ紝鏈夎捣浼忥紝鎸変竴瀹氶『搴忚鍙欙紝濡傘�婂皬绾㈠附銆嬨�婂皬铦岃毆鎵惧濡堛�嬬瓑銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 绗笁锛屼汉鐗╁舰璞￠矞鏄庣獊鍑猴紝鏄撲簬骞煎効鐞嗚В骞跺彈鍒板辜鍎垮枩娆紝濡傘�婂皬鍏斾箹涔栥�嬨�婂ぇ澶村効瀛愬拰灏忓ご鐖哥埜銆嬬瓑銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 绗洓锛屾晠浜嬮�夋嫨瑕佹湁閽堝鎬с�傞拡瀵规湰鐝疄闄呮儏鍐靛強鏃堕�夋嫨鐩稿叧鐨勪富棰樻晠浜嬭繘琛屽涔犳暀鑲诧紝濡傚彂鐜板辜鍎夸笉鎳傚緱鍒嗕韩鏃讹紝鍙�夋嫨銆婇噾鑹茬殑鎴垮瓙銆嬨�婂皬閾冮摏銆嬬瓑锛涘湪灏忕彮骞煎効鍏ュ洯鐨勯�傚簲闃舵锛屽彲閫夋嫨銆婂皬鐜诲幓涓婂銆嬨�婇瓟娉曚翰浜层�嬨�婃垜澶皬锛屾垜涓嶈兘涓婂銆嬨�婃垜涓嶈涓婂辜鍎垮洯銆嬬瓑銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="83">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(83) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">076</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鏌愪簺鏁呬簨鍏锋湁瀛ｈ妭鐗硅壊锛屽辜鍎垮湪鐩稿簲鐨勫鑺傚涔犺繖绉嶆晠浜嬶紝鍙互鎰熺煡浣撻獙寰楁洿鐪熷垏锛屽鍦ㄤ腑绉嬭妭鐨勬椂鍊欙紝鍙互閫夋嫨銆婂濞ュ鏈堛�嬨�婃兂瑕佹懜鏈堜寒鐨勫浗鐜嬨�嬨�婃湀浜紝鐢熸棩蹇箰銆嬨�婃湀浜殑鍛抽亾銆嬬瓑銆傚姣嶄翰鑺傚墠鍚庯紝鍙互閫夋嫨銆婃垜濡堝銆嬨�婂濡堢敓鐥呬簡銆嬨�婄寽鐚滄垜鏈夊鐖变綘銆嬨�婃垜璁ㄥ帉濡堝銆嬬瓑銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 绗簲锛屾晠浜嬭鏈夊埄浜庡辜鍎垮垱鏂版�濈淮鐨勫彂灞曪紝鐣欑粰骞煎効杈冨ぇ鎯宠薄鐨勭┖闂达紝濡傜璇濄�婁細鍔ㄧ殑鎴垮瓙銆嬨�婄矇绾㈣壊鐨勯洦闈淬�嬬瓑銆�
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c024">浜屻�佸辜鍎挎晠浜嬫椿鍔ㄨ璁″強鎸囧瑕佺偣</h3>
+ <h4 id="d064">锛堜竴锛夋晠浜嬫椿鍔ㄨ繃绋嬭璁℃�濊矾</h4>
+ <p>
+ 璁捐鎬濊矾瑕佽�冭檻骞煎効璁ょ煡鐗圭偣涓庢枃瀛︿綔鍝佸畬鏁存�х殑缁撳悎锛屾椿鍔ㄨ繃绋嬪簲璇ュ潥鎸佷互鍎跨涓轰腑蹇冿紝鍙戞尌鍎跨鐨勭Н鏋佷富鍔ㄦ�у拰鍒涢�犳�с�傛暀甯堝簲鐢辨祬鍏ユ繁銆佸惊搴忔笎杩涘湴寮曞骞煎効浜嗚В骞舵帉鎻℃晠浜嬨��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 瀵逛簬涓�娆″辜鍎垮洯鏁呬簨鏁欏娲诲姩锛岀敱浜庢椂闂存湁闄愶紝鎵�浠ュ簲灏嗘椿鍔ㄩ噸鐐规斁鍦ㄧ涓�銆佷簩灞傛锛屽嵆瀛︿範娆ｈ祻鏁呬簨鍜岀悊瑙ｄ綋楠屾晠浜嬬幆鑺傦紝鍙皢杩佺Щ浣滃搧缁忛獙涓庡垱閫犳�ц繍鐢ㄨ瑷�涓や釜鐜妭瀹夋帓鍦ㄥ欢浼告椿鍔ㄦ垨涓婚娲诲姩涓紝涔熷彲浠ュ畨鎺掑湪绗簩瀛︽椂寮�灞曘�傝璁℃�濊矾鍏蜂綋濡備笅銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e082">1.瀵煎叆鏁呬簨锛氬垱璁炬儏澧冿紝寮曞嚭鏁呬簨</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀杩愮敤涓�瀹氱殑鏁欏鎵嬫锛岃缃笌鏁呬簨鍖归厤鐨勫叿浣撴儏澧冿紝寮曡捣骞煎効浜嗚В鏁呬簨鐨勮揩鍒囨効鏈涘拰娴撳帤鍏磋叮锛屽父瑙佺殑瀵煎叆鎵嬫鏈夎緟鍔╂暀鍏峰鍏ャ�佹彁闂鍏ャ�佺寽璋滃鍏ャ�佽〃婕斿鍏ョ瓑锛岃繖鏄繛鎺ュ効绔ョ幇瀹炵敓娲讳笌鏁呬簨涓栫晫鐨勬ˉ姊併�傚绔ヨ瘽鏁呬簨銆婁細鎵撳柗鍤忕殑甯藉瓙銆嬶紝鏁欏笀鍙互杩愮敤鎻愰棶鈥滀綘鍚杩囦細鎵撳柗鍤忕殑甯藉瓙鍚椻�濓紝寮曡捣骞煎効鍏磋叮锛屽鍏ユ晠浜嬨��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e083">2.璁茶堪鏁呬簨锛氭暀甯堢敓鍔ㄦ湁鎰熸儏鍦拌杩版晠浜�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀鑳藉缁樺０缁樿壊鍦板皢浼樼鏁呬簨璁插嚭鏉ユ槸寮虹儓鍚稿紩骞煎皬鍚紬鐨勫墠鎻愩�傞�氬父涓�涓煭灏忕殑鏁呬簨锛岄渶瑕佺粰骞煎効璁�2锝�3閬嶏紝涓�鑸湪璁茬涓�閬嶆椂锛屾暀甯堣繍鐢ㄨ偄浣撳姩浣溿�侀潰閮ㄨ〃鎯呫�佸０闊崇殑鍙樺寲锛岀敋鑷虫ā浠挎晠浜嬩腑浜虹墿鐨勫璇濈瓑鎶�宸э紝灏嗘晠浜嬬敓鍔ㄥ湴鍐嶇幇缁欏辜鍎匡紝楂樻按骞崇殑璁叉晠浜嬫妧宸у彲浠ヤ娇骞煎効涓撴敞鍦板�惧惉骞跺彲鑳藉舰鎴愯〃璞°�傛暀甯堝彲浠ラ�傚綋杩愮敤杈呭姪鏁欏叿锛屽鎸傚浘銆佸綍闊炽�佹湪鍋惰〃婕旀垨澶氬獟浣撹浠剁瓑锛岀敓鍔ㄥ舰璞″湴璁茬浜屾垨绗笁閬嶃�傛暀甯堟瘡娆¤杩扮殑璇█瑕佷竴鑷达紝浠ヤ究骞煎効鐞嗚В璁板繂锛屼絾姣忛亶璁茶堪鐨勬柟寮忚閬垮厤闆峰悓锛屼互鍏嶅辜鍎挎劅鍒版灟鐕ヨ�屽け鍘诲叴瓒ｃ��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e084">
+ 3.鐞嗚В鏁呬簨锛氭暀甯堝府鍔╁辜鍎跨悊瑙ｆ晠浜嬩富棰樻儏鑺傘�佷汉鐗╁舰璞°�佽瑷�鐗硅壊绛�
+ </h5>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀閫氳繃涓夊眰娆℃彁闂紙鎻忚堪鎬ф彁闂�佹�濊�冩�ф彁闂�佸亣璁炬�ф彁闂級浠ュ強鐩磋鏁欏鎵嬫鐨勮繍鐢紝甯姪骞煎効鐞嗚В鏁呬簨涓婚鎯呰妭銆佷汉鐗╂�ф牸浠ュ強鏂囧璇█绛夛紝寮曞骞煎効浣撻獙鏁呬簨鐙壒鐨勫辜鍎挎枃瀛﹂瓍鍔涖�傛瘮濡傦紝鍦ㄧ粯鏈�婁細鍔ㄧ殑鎴垮瓙銆嬫椿鍔ㄤ腑锛岄鍏堟暀甯堜互鎻愰棶鈥滄埧瀛愪細鍔ㄥ悧鈥濆紩鍑烘晠浜嬶紝绗竴閬嶈杩板畬鏁呬簨鍚庯紝鏁欏笀鍙互鎻愭弿杩版�ч棶棰橈紝濡傗�滄晠浜嬪彨浠�涔堝悕瀛椻�濃�滄晠浜嬩腑閮芥湁璋佲�濃�滃畠浠兘鍏堝悗鍒拌繃鍝簺鍦版柟鈥濓紝寮曞骞煎効瀵规晠浜嬬殑鍚嶇О銆佽
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="84">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(84) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗洓绔� 骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">077</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鑹层�佹儏鑺傜瓑鏈夌矖娴呯殑浜嗚В锛涘湪璁茬浜岄亶鍚庯紝鏁欏笀鍙彁鎬濊�冩�ч棶棰橈紝濡傗�滃皬鏉鹃紶鐨勬埧瀛愪负浠�涔堜細鍔ㄢ�濃�滆繖鏄竴鍙�庢牱鐨勫皬鏉鹃紶锛熶綘鍠滄瀹冨悧锛熶负浠�涔堚�濓紝甯姪骞煎効鐞嗚В鏁呬簨鐨勪富棰樺唴瀹广�佷汉鐗╁舰璞＄瓑锛涙渶鍚庯紝鍦ㄥ辜鍎垮洿缁曟晠浜嬭繘琛岃〃婕旀父鎴忕瓑娲诲姩鍚庯紝鏁欏笀鍙彁鍋囪鎬ч棶棰橈紝濡傗�滀箤榫熻繕浼氬甫灏忔澗榧犲幓鍝噷锛熷畠浠繕浼氬惉鍒颁粈涔堝０闊斥�濃�滃亣濡備綘鏄皬鏉鹃紶锛屼綘浼氳涔岄緹甯︿綘鍘诲摢鍎垮憿鈥濓紝榧撳姳骞煎効澶ц儐鎯宠薄锛屽皢鏁呬簨涓婚涓庣幇瀹炵敓娲荤浉缁撳悎锛屽紩瀵煎辜鍎夸綋浼氬ぇ鑷劧鐨勫崥澶х編濡欍��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e085">4.杩佺Щ鏁呬簨缁忛獙锛屽洿缁曟晠浜嬩富棰樺紑灞曠郴鍒楀垱閫犳�ц瑷�娲诲姩</h5>
+ <p>
+ 涓哄府鍔╁辜鍎挎繁鍏ョ悊瑙ｆ晠浜嬶紝鏁欏笀鍙互鍦ㄥ尯鍩熸椿鍔ㄤ腑鎶曞叆鐩稿叧鏉愭枡锛岃骞煎効閫氳繃鏁呬簨琛ㄦ紨娓告垙銆佸杩版晠浜嬨�佺画缂栨晠浜嬨�佸垱缂栨晠浜嬬瓑锛岃繍鐢ㄦ枃瀛﹁瑷�寮�灞曞舰寮忓鏍风殑璇█鍒涢�犳�ф椿鍔紝浣撻獙鏂囧璇█鐨勮壓鏈瓍鍔涖��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e086">5.寤朵几鏁呬簨娲诲姩锛屾笚閫忚繘骞煎効涓�鏃ユ暣浣撶敓娲�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鏈変簺鐢熷姩鏈夎叮鐨勬晠浜嬪彲浠ユ墿灞曞埌骞煎効涓�鏃ョ敓娲荤殑鍚勪釜棰嗗煙锛岄�氳繃寮�灞曢煶涔愯〃婕斻�佺瀛︽帰绱€�佺粯鐢汇�佹墜宸ュ埗浣滅瓑锛屽棰嗗煙銆佸娓犻亾鍦板紩瀵煎辜鍎挎繁鍏ヤ綋楠屾晠浜嬩富棰樻儏鎰熴�傚辜鍎垮湪璧拌繘鏁呬簨涔嬪悗锛屽張閫氳繃绯诲垪杩佺Щ鍜屽欢浼告椿鍔紝璧板嚭鏁呬簨锛岃蛋鍏ョ幇瀹烇紝鍥炲綊鐪熷疄鐢熸椿锛屼粠鑰屽彂灞曞畬鏁磋瑷�銆�
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk">
+ <div class="bk1">
+ <p><span class="bj2">骞煎効鍥暀甯堣祫鏍艰瘉鑰冭瘯路鑰冪偣鍒嗘瀽</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-2">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="../../images/tb-1.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 銆婁繚鏁欑煡璇嗕笌鑳藉姏銆嬭�冭瘯澶х翰瑕佹眰鐢宠鑰咃細鐞嗚В鏁村悎鍚勯鍩熸暀鑲茬殑鎰忎箟鍜屾柟娉曪紝鑳藉缁煎悎鍦拌璁″苟寮�灞曟暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄣ��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <b>娉細</b
+ >浣滀负涓�鍚嶅悎鏍肩殑骞煎効鏁欏笀锛屽湪缁勭粐骞煎効寮�灞曞悇棰嗗煙娲诲姩鎴栫患鍚堜富棰樻椿鍔ㄦ椂锛岃鍦ㄧ啛鐭ュ辜鍎挎暀鑲茬洰鏍囥�佸辜鍎胯韩蹇冨彂灞曠壒鐐圭殑鍩虹涓婏紝璁捐鐩稿簲鏁欒偛娲诲姩鏂规锛涗笉浠呭簲鎺屾彙鍚勯鍩熷叿浣撴暀鑲叉柟娉曪紝杩樺簲铻嶉�氬悇娉曞苟鐏垫椿鏈哄姩鍦板湪缁勭粐娲诲姩鏃惰繍鐢紱鐜板湪澶氭暟骞煎効鍥粍缁囧辜鍎挎暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄦ椂鍒嗕负浜斿ぇ棰嗗煙鍒嗗埆寮�灞曪紝鑰屽鏁板鍓嶆暀甯堟暀鑲插鏍′篃鏄寜鐓т簲闂ㄤ笓涓氳绋嬪垎鍒缃紝浣嗗辜鍎胯璇嗕笘鐣屻�佽璇嗚嚜鎴戞槸涓�涓瀺鍚堝悇涓鍩熺殑娓愯繘杩囩▼锛屼笉鑳借缁濆鍦板垎涓衡�滆瑷�鈥濃�滅ぞ浼氣�濇垨鈥滆壓鏈�濊寖鐣淬��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁呮锛屽辜鍎垮洯鏁欏笀璧勬牸鑰冭瘯澶х翰瑕佹眰鐢宠鑰呰兘澶熺患鍚堝湴璁捐骞跺紑灞曟暀鑲叉椿鍔紝浠庤�岃繕鍘熷効绔ョ殑瀹屾暣璁よ瘑锛屽洖褰掑辜鍎跨殑瀹屾暣鐪熷疄鐢熸椿銆傝繎骞存潵鐨勬椿鍔ㄨ璁¤�冮锛屼篃澶氫互鈥滅患鍚堣璁″苟缁勭粐寮�灞曗�濅负瀵煎悜銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ <h4 id="d065">锛堜簩锛夊辜鍎挎晠浜嬫椿鍔ㄧ殑鎸囧瑕佺偣</h4>
+ <p>
+ 锛�1锛夋暀甯堣鏁呬簨鐨勬妧宸с�佹按骞冲湪寰堝ぇ绋嬪害涓婂奖鍝嶅辜鍎垮鏁呬簨鐨勭悊瑙ｅ拰鍠滅埍绋嬪害锛屾墍浠ワ紝鏁欏笀璁叉晠浜嬬殑璇█瑕佸姏姹傜敓鍔ㄩ�肩湡銆佸畬鏁磋鑼冿紝鏁欏笀璁茶堪涓厤澶囬�傚綋鐨勮闊宠璋冦�佽〃鎯呭Э鎬併�佽緟鍔╂暀鍏峰彲浠ュ杩涘辜鍎垮鏁呬簨鐨勫叏闈㈢悊瑙ｃ��
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�2锛夋暀甯堝簲璇ラ�氳繃澶氱閫斿緞鍜屽舰寮忕Н绱辜鍎挎湁鍏虫晠浜嬬殑鐭ヨ瘑鍜岀粡楠屻��</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�3锛夋暀瀛︾粍缁囧舰寮忚涓板瘜澶氭牱锛屽洿缁曟晠浜嬩富棰樺紑灞曠郴鍒楃浉鍏虫椿鍔紝鎷撳睍骞煎効鐞嗚В浣撻獙鏁呬簨鐨勫悇绉嶆劅瀹橀�氶亾锛屼娇骞煎効鍚�佺湅銆佹�濄�佽銆佸仛鐩哥粨鍚堬紝鍙戝睍骞煎効鐨勫畬鏁磋瑷�銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="85">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(85) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">078</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>璇█銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�4锛夋暀甯堟彁闂槸寮曞骞煎効鐞嗚В銆佷綋楠屾晠浜嬩富棰樺拰浜虹墿褰㈣薄浠ュ強璇█鐗硅壊鐨勪富瑕佹墜娈典箣涓�锛屾晠姝わ紝鏁欏笀鐨勬彁闂竴瀹氳鍦ㄧ鍚堝辜鍎垮績鐞嗗勾榫勭壒鐐圭殑鍩虹涓婏紝鍋氬埌鍑嗙‘鎭板綋銆佺畝鏄庢竻鏅帮紝鍒╀簬鍚彂骞煎効鎬濊�冨拰琛ㄨ揪銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�5锛夋晠浜嬫暀瀛﹀彲浠ヨ骞煎効浜嗚В璇█鐨勮壓鏈�у拰瓒ｅ懗鎬э紝鏁欏笀搴旇涓哄辜鍎垮垱璁句赴瀵屽褰╃殑娲诲姩褰㈠紡锛岃骞煎効閫氳繃鐩存帴鎰熺煡銆佷翰韬綋楠屻�佸疄闄呮搷浣溿�佸ぇ鑳嗘兂璞″拰琛ㄨ堪锛屽厖鍒嗗彂鎸ュ辜鍎跨殑绉瀬涓诲姩鎬э紝鎴愪负璇█瀛︿範鐨勪富浣撱��
+ </p>
+ <div class="bj1">
+ <p><span class="bj3">浠栧北涔嬬煶</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-6">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="../../images/tb-4.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <span class="zt-ls1"
+ >杈瑰壀杈硅鐨勬晠浜�<a id="w3"></a
+ ><a href="chapter004.html#m3"><sup>[3]</sup></a></span
+ >
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鑱槑鐨勬暀甯堝垱閫犲嚭浜嗕竴绉嶈竟鍓竟璁茬殑鏁呬簨锛屽緢瀹规槗鍚稿紩鍎跨鐨勬敞鎰忓姏銆傚湪璁叉晠浜嬬殑鍚屾椂锛屾暀甯堟妸涓�寮犵焊鍓垚涓庢晠浜嬫儏鑺傜浉鍏崇殑褰㈢姸銆備笅闈互銆婅埞閲岀殑瀛╁瓙銆嬩负渚嬭繘琛岃瑙ｃ��
+ </p>
+ <p><b>鍑嗗锛�</b></p>
+ <p>绗竴姝ワ細鎶婁竴寮犲绾�23鍘樼背銆侀暱绾�30鍘樼背锛堟垨鏇村ぇ锛夌殑绾稿鎶樸��</p>
+ <p>绗簩姝ワ細鎶婇《绔殑涓や釜瑙掓部涓嚎鎶樹笅鏉ャ��</p>
+ <p>绗笁姝ワ細鎶婂墿涓嬮儴鍒嗘姌鍒颁笁瑙掑舰涔嬩笂銆�</p>
+ <p>绗洓姝ワ細缈婚潰锛屽啀鎶婂彟澶栦竴閮ㄥ垎鎶樹笂鍘汇��</p>
+ <p>
+ 閭ｄ簺鐭ラ亾鎬庢牱鎶樻捣鍐涘附鐨勪汉鐭ラ亾杩欑鎶樻硶銆傝鏁呬簨鏃舵妸鍓垁鏀惧湪鎵嬭竟銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 浠庡墠锛屾湁涓敺瀛╋紙鎴栧コ瀛╋級鎯宠鎴愪负涓�鍚嶆捣鍐涖�備粬锛堝ス锛夋湁涓�椤舵捣鍐涘附锛堝睍绀哄附瀛愬舰鐘讹級锛岃繕鏈変竴鍙埞锛堟妸甯藉瓙缈昏繃鏉ュ彉鎴愪竴鍙埞锛夈�傛湁涓�澶╋紝浠栵紙濂癸級鐖笂鑸癸紝鍚戜竴涓ぇ婀栫殑涓績婕傚幓銆傞槼鍏夊緢鐏跨儌锛屽ぉ闈炲父鐑�備粬锛堝ス锛夎劚鎺変簡琛～鍜岄暱瑁わ紝鎶婂畠浠墧杩涙按閲屻�備粬锛堝ス锛夌┛鐫�娉宠锛岃寰楀噳蹇簡璁稿銆備粬锛堝ス锛夌殑鑸规挒鍒颁竴鍧楀ぇ宀╃煶锛岃埞澶存帀钀戒簡锛堝壀鎺夎埞澶达級銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>鐒跺悗涓�鏉″法澶х殑楸间粠鑸瑰簳鍜簡涓�鍙ｏ紙鎶婅埞搴曞壀鎺夛級銆�</p>
+ <p>褰撲竴鍙ぇ楦熼涓嬫潵鏍栨伅鍦ㄤ笂闈㈡椂锛岃埞灏炬帀浜嗭紙鎶婅埞灏惧壀鎺夛級銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鑸瑰彧鍓╀笅涓�鐐圭偣浜嗭紝姘存极寤跺埌浠栫殑鑴氳毒锛屼簬鏄粬锛堝ス锛夎烦涓嬭埞鍚戝哺杈规父鍘汇�備粬锛堝ス锛夌湅鍒拌埞娌変簡銆傛帴鐫�锛屼粬锛堝ス锛夌湅鍒颁竴鍥㈢櫧鑹茬殑涓滆タ婕傝繃鏉ャ�備綘璁や负浼氭槸浠�涔堬紵锛堟墦寮�鑸圭殑鍓╀綑閮ㄥ垎锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>鏄粬锛堝ス锛夌殑琛～锛�</p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="86">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(86) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗洓绔� 骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">79</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">娲诲姩妗堜緥4-2</span></p>
+ <div class="tp">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <b
+ >鏁呬簨娲诲姩锛氥�婁細鍔ㄧ殑鎴垮瓙銆嬶紙涓彮锛�<a id="w4"></a
+ ><a href="chapter004.html#m4"><sup>[4]</sup></a></b
+ >
+ </p>
+ <p><b>浣滃搧鍒嗘瀽锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 涓�鍙矖蹇冪殑灏忔澗榧狅紝涓�娈电編濡欑殑缁忓巻銆傚彲鐖辩殑灏忔澗榧犲洜涓虹矖蹇冿紝鎶婃埧瀛愬缓鍦ㄤ簡涔岄緹鑳屼笂锛屾晠浜嬪厖婊¤壓鏈�х殑鎯宠薄锛屾棦璇欒皭鏈夎叮鍙堝悎涔庢儏鐞嗭紝寮�濮嬭缃偓蹇碉紝鎶婅鑰呭甫杩涘洖鑽＄潃椋庡０銆佹捣娴０銆侀┈韫勫０鐨勫ぇ鑷劧浜ゅ搷鏇蹭腑锛屾渶鍚庤浜轰細蹇冧竴绗戯紒
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 浣滃搧鏃㈠睍绀轰簡鍗氬ぇ缇庡鐨勫ぇ鑷劧锛屽張璁╁辜鍎垮厖鍒嗕綋浼氬埌鑷劧涓庝汉鐨勫拰璋愮編锛屼汉涓庝汉浜掑姪鐨勪汉鎯呯編锛屽悓鏃剁粰骞煎効鐣欎笅浜嗕赴瀵岀殑鎯宠薄绌洪棿锛岄�傚悎骞煎効杩涜鏁呬簨鏀圭紪鎴栫画缂栥��
+ </p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩鐩爣锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 1.鐞嗚В浣滃搧鏁呬簨鎯呰妭銆佷汉鐗╁舰璞＄壒鐐癸紝瀛︿範鏂拌瘝鈥滃懠鍛煎懠鈥濃�滃摋鍝楀摋鈥濃�滃搾鍝掑搾鈥濓紱瀛︿細鐢ㄨ瑷�姝ｇ‘鎻忕粯鍑哄０鍝嶃��
+ </p>
+ <p>2.鎰熷彈浣滃搧鐨勮瘷璋愮編锛屼綋浼氬ぇ鑷劧鐨勭編銆�</p>
+ <p>3.澶ц儐鎯宠薄锛屽皾璇曠画缂栨晠浜嬨��</p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩鍑嗗锛�</b></p>
+ <p>1.鏁欏骞荤伅鐗囥�婁細鍔ㄧ殑鎴垮瓙銆嬪洓骞呫��</p>
+ <p>2.姘村僵绗斻�佽湣绗斻�佺敾绾告瘡浜轰竴浠姐��</p>
+ <p>3.褰曟湁椋庡０銆佹捣娴０銆侀┈韫勫０鐨勭甯︺��</p>
+ <p>4.骞煎効瀵逛箤榫熷挨鍏舵槸榫熻儗鐨勮鐭ュ噯澶囥��</p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩杩囩▼锛�</b></p>
+ <p>涓�銆佸鍏ワ細浠庣敓娲荤粡楠屽紩鍏�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀鎻愰棶锛氣�滄埧瀛愪細鍔ㄥ悧锛熲�濅互姝ゅ紩鍑烘晠浜嬨�傚弬鑰冨鍏ヨ锛氣�滃皬鏈嬪弸锛屼綘瀹剁殑鎴垮瓙浼氬姩鍚楋紵浣犺杩囦細鍔ㄧ殑鎴垮瓙鍚楋紵浠婂ぉ鍛�锛岃�佸笀灏辩粰灏忔湅鍙嬭涓�涓細鍔ㄧ殑鎴垮瓙鐨勬晠浜嬶紝灏忔湅鍙嬩滑鎯充笉鎯冲惉鍛�锛熲��
+ </p>
+ <p>浜屻�佸熀鏈儴鍒�</p>
+ <p>1.鎾斁褰曢煶纾佸甫锛屾暀甯堢敓鍔ㄦ湁鎰熸儏鍦拌鏁呬簨銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁呬簨绗竴閬嶈瀹屽悗锛屾暀甯堟彁鍑烘弿杩版�ч棶棰橈紝甯姪骞煎効鎺屾彙鏁呬簨澶ф剰銆傛暀甯堝彲鎻愯繖鏍风殑闂锛氭晠浜嬪彨浠�涔堝悕瀛楋紵鏁呬簨涓湁鍝簺灏忓姩鐗╋紵灏忔澗榧犳妸鎴垮瓙鐩栧湪鍝噷浜嗭紵灏忔澗榧犵殑鎴垮瓙鍏堝悗閮藉埌杩囧摢浜涘湴鏂癸紵绛夌瓑銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>2.鏁欏笀閫氳繃骞荤伅鐗囧拰褰曢煶锛岀浜岄亶璁叉晠浜嬶紝寮曞骞煎効澶氳搴︾悊瑙ｆ晠浜嬨��</p>
+ <p>
+ 瑕佹眰骞煎効浣撻獙骞舵ā浠挎晠浜嬩腑鍑虹幇鐨勫０闊炽�傛暀甯堥�氳繃鎻愬嚭鐨勬�濊�冩�ч棶棰橈紝甯姪骞煎効鐞嗚В鏁呬簨涓婚銆傚鏁欏笀鍙彁闂細鎴垮瓙涓轰粈涔堜細鍔紵鏁呬簨閲岀殑灏忔澗榧犳槸涓�鍙粈涔堟牱鐨勫皬鏉鹃紶锛�
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m4"></a><a href="chapter004.html#w4">[4]</a>
+ 寮犲姞钃夛紝鍗紵.瀛﹀墠鍎跨璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鎸囧锛籑锛�.涓婃捣锛氬鏃﹀ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2005锛�53-54锛屾湁鏀瑰姩.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="87">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(87) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">80</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 3.鍥寸粫鏁呬簨寮�灞曠浉鍏崇殑璇█娲诲姩鈥斺�斿辜鍎胯〃婕旀垨璁茶堪鏁呬簨锛屽湪鍋囪鎬ф彁闂殑寮曞涓嬭縼绉讳綔鍝佺粡楠岋紝杩涜澶ц儐鐨勮壓鏈兂璞″拰鍒涢�犮�傛暀甯堝彲杩欐牱鎻愰棶寮曞骞煎効缁紪鏁呬簨锛氬皬鏈嬪弸浠兂涓�鎯筹紝浼氬姩鐨勬埧瀛愯繕浼氬埌鍝噷鍘诲憖锛熷皬鏈嬪弸浠�犳埧瀛愶紝浼氭妸鎴垮瓙閫犲湪鍝噷鍛紵鍙互鐢ㄤ粈涔堝姙娉曚娇鎴垮瓙鍔ㄨ捣鏉ュ憿锛熷紩瀵煎辜鍎垮湪鐞嗚В鏁呬簨鐨勫熀纭�涓婏紝澶ц儐缁紪鏁呬簨鎴栧垱缂栨晠浜嬨��
+ </p>
+ <p>涓夈�佸皬缁�</p>
+ <p>鏁欏笀瀵瑰辜鍎跨殑琛ㄧ幇杩涜璇勮鍜屽娲诲姩杩涜鎬荤粨銆�</p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩寤朵几锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 1.鍙畨鎺掑尯鍩熸椿鍔細绉戝鍖衡�斺�旇瀵熶箤榫燂紱璇█鍖衡�斺�旂画缂栨垨鍒涚紪鏁呬簨銆婁細鍔ㄧ殑鎴垮瓙銆嬶紱鎵嬪伐鍖衡�斺�斿埗浣溾�滄垜鐨勪細鍔ㄧ殑鎴垮瓙鈥濓紱缁樼敾鍖衡�斺�斺�滄垜蹇冧腑浼氬姩鐨勬埧瀛愨�濃�︹��
+ </p>
+ <p>2.骞煎効鎴峰鏁ｆ锛屽�惧惉澶ц嚜鐒剁殑鍚勭澹伴煶锛屾劅鍙楀ぇ鑷劧鐨勭編銆�</p>
+ <p><b>闄勬晠浜嬶細銆婁細鍔ㄧ殑鎴垮瓙銆�</b></p>
+ <p>灏忔澗榧犲湪鏍戜笂浣忚吇浜嗭紝浜庢槸鍐冲畾鍦ㄥ湴闈笂閲嶆柊寤洪�犱竴搴ф埧瀛愩��</p>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄥぇ鏍戝簳涓嬶紝瀹冨彂鐜颁簡涓�鍧楀ぇ鐭冲ご锛岀敱涓冨潡灏忕煶澶存嫾鎴愶紝寰堢‖锛屼篃寰堝厜婊戙�傚皬鏉鹃紶璇达細鈥滃樋锛佸氨鍦ㄨ繖涓婇潰閫犱竴搴ф埧瀛愶紒鈥�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鎴垮瓙缁堜簬閫犲ソ浜嗭紝蹇欎簡涓�澶╃殑灏忔澗榧犱篃绱簡锛屽湪鏂板鐫＄潃浜嗐�傗�滃懠鍛煎懠锛佲�濅粈涔堝０闊筹紵灏忔澗榧犺鍚甸啋浜嗐�傛帹寮�绐椾竴鐪嬶紝鍛�锛佽嚜宸辨槸鍦ㄧ編涓界殑灞辫剼涓嬶紝灏忛濂忚捣浜嗗姩鍚殑灞辨瓕銆傜湡濂囨�紝鏄ㄥぉ杩樺湪澶ф爲涓嬶紝浠婂ぉ鍗存潵鍒颁簡灞辫剼涓嬨�傚彲灏忔澗榧犲張涓�鎯筹細娌″叧绯伙紝灞辫剼涓嬩篃鎸哄ソ鐨勶紝鏈夊姩鍚殑灞辨瓕鍋氫即銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 绗簩澶╋紝鍙堜紶鏉ヤ簡鈥滃摋鍝楀摋鈥濈殑澹伴煶銆傚皬鏉鹃紶鎺ㄥ紑绐椾竴鐪嬶紝鍛�锛佸張鏉ュ埌浜嗗ぇ娴疯竟锛屾氮鑺卞敱璧蜂簡娆箰鐨勬瓕澹般�傚皬鏉鹃紶杩欎笅鍙箰浜嗭細鈥滄垜鐨勬埧瀛愪細鍔紝鎴戠殑鎴垮瓙浼氬姩銆傗�濈幇鍦紝灏忔澗榧犲張鏈夋氮鑺卞仛浼翠簡銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 绗笁澶╋紝灏忔澗榧犳兂锛屼粖澶╂垜鍙堝埌鍝効鍟︼紵鎺ㄥ紑绐椾竴鐪嬶紝鍛�锛佺溂鍓嶆槸涓�鐗囧ぇ鑽夊師锛岄┈鍎垮湪鈥滃搾鍝掑搾鈥濆湴濂旇窇锛屽皬鏉鹃紶绂佷笉浣忓湪鎴垮瓙閲屾墜鑸炶冻韫堛��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 绐佺劧锛屼紶鏉ヤ竴涓０闊筹細鈥滃皬鏉鹃紶鍛�锛屽揩鍒贡鍔ㄣ�傗�濃�滃挦锛屾槸璋佸憿锛熸槸杩欏潡纭‖鐨勫ぇ鐭冲ご锛熲�濃�滃皬鏉鹃紶浣犵湡绮楀績锛屾妸鎴垮瓙鐩栧湪鎴戠殑鑳屼笂锛屾垜椹潃浣犺蛋杩囦簡璁稿鍦版柟銆傗�濆皬鏉鹃紶浣庡ご涓�鐪嬶紝鍘熸潵鏄箤榫燂紝閭ｇ‖纭殑澶х煶澶寸珶鐒舵槸涔岄緹鐨勮儗銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 灏忔澗榧犳儹鎰у緱鑴搁兘绾簡锛岃刀绱ц锛氣�滀綘锛屼綘绱潖浜嗗惂锛熲�濅箤榫熻锛氣�滀笉锛岃繖涓嬫垜浠咯鍙互鍋氫即浜嗐�傗��
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c025">涓夈�佸辜鍎挎晠浜嬫暀瀛︾殑鐗规畩褰㈠紡鈥斺�斿辜鍎垮垱缂栨晠浜�</h3>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鍥瑷�娲诲姩涓紝鏁呬簨鍒涚紪鏄竴绉嶅熀鏈殑娲诲姩褰㈠紡锛岄�氬父绉颁负鈥滅紪鏋勬晠浜嬫椿鍔ㄢ�濄�傜紪鏋勬晠浜嬫椿鍔ㄥ缓绔嬪湪骞煎効鐞嗚В鏁呬簨骞剁Н绱ぇ閲忕煡璇嗙粡楠岀殑鍩虹涓婏紝鏄竴绉嶅骞煎効鍏锋湁绉瀬鎰忎箟鐨勫垱閫犳�ф椿鍔ㄣ�傛暀甯堝湪鎸囧骞煎効鍒涚紪鏁呬簨鏃跺簲娉ㄦ剰浠ヤ笅涓ょ偣銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="88">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(88) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗洓绔� 骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">81</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <h4 id="d066">锛堜竴锛夊垱璁惧鏉炬儏澧冿紝璁╁辜鍎挎兂璇存暍璇�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄦ璧忔晠浜嬬幆鑺傦紝鏁欏笀鍙互閲囩敤璁╁辜鍎垮弬涓庤鑹层�佸綍闊冲綍鍍忓洖鏀俱�佽〃婕旀晠浜嬫儏鑺傜瓑鏈夎叮褰㈠紡锛屼负骞煎効缂栨瀯鏁呬簨鍒涢�犺交鏉炬剦蹇殑蹇冪悊鐜鍜岃瑷�姘涘洿锛屽苟缁欎簣骞煎効鑷敱琛ㄨ揪鐨勬椂绌猴紝娲诲姩涓嶉檺浜庢椿鍔ㄥ銆佸浘涔﹀尯銆佹晠浜嬫椿鍔ㄤ腑锛屽彲浠ユ墿灞曞埌鍏朵粬娓告垙鍖哄煙锛屼篃鍙湪鏃ュ父鑷劧浜ゅ線鏃堕棿寮�灞曘��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d067">锛堜簩锛夋牴鎹勾榫勭壒鐐癸紝鎻愬嚭鐩稿簲缂栨瀯瑕佹眰</h4>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効缂栨瀯鏁呬簨鏃㈤渶瑕佷互鐢熸椿鐭ヨ瘑缁忛獙涓哄熀纭�锛屽張渚濊禆浜庡辜鍎胯瑷�琛ㄨ揪鑳藉姏鍜岃壓鏈兂璞″姏锛岃繖灏卞鑷寸紪鏋勬晠浜嬪叿鏈夊勾榫勭壒鐐广�傚浜庡皬鐝辜鍎匡紝鍦ㄦ晠浜嬪嵆灏嗙粨鏉熸椂鑳界紪鏋勭粨灞�鍗冲彲锛屽銆婁笁涓拰灏氥�嬨�婂樊涓�鐐瑰効銆嬮兘閫傚悎灏忕彮骞煎効缂栨瀯缁撳眬銆傚浜庝腑鐝辜鍎匡紝閫愭笎鑳藉垱缂栨晠浜嬮珮娼拰缁撳眬锛屾暀甯堣鍒版晠浜嬭浆鎶樺鎴涚劧鑰屾锛岃姣忎釜骞煎効渚濇嵁鏁呬簨閫昏緫鍜岃嚜宸辨兂璞＄户缁紪鏋勶紝濡傘�婄尗鍖荤敓杩囨渤銆嬨�婂皬鍏斾负浠�涔堟潵鏅氫簡銆嬬瓑锛岄兘鏄緝濂界殑缁紪棰樻潗銆傚浜庡ぇ鐝辜鍎匡紝鏁欏笀缁欏辜鍎挎彁渚涜儗鏅祫鏂欍�佸绉嶄汉鐗╁浘鐗囦緵骞煎効鑷敱閫夋嫨锛屼互鍔╁辜鍎垮垱缂栧畬鏁存晠浜嬨��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鐩稿浜庣画缂栵紝鍒涚紪闅惧害鏇村ぇ锛屽骞煎効鐭ヨ瘑鑳藉姏瑕佹眰鏇撮珮锛屾晠鍦ㄥ皬鐝�佷腑鐝互缁紪涓轰富锛屽湪澶х彮浠ュ垱缂栦负涓汇��
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk">
+ <div class="bk1">
+ <p><span class="bj2">鎯充竴鎯�</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-4">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-2" alt="" src="../../images/tb-2.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 璇烽槄璇绘晠浜嬨�婂皬涔岄緹鐪嬬埛鐖枫�嬶紝灏濊瘯璁捐涓�浠芥煇骞撮緞鐝晠浜嬫椿鍔ㄦ柟妗堬紝骞惰瘯鐫�鍦ㄥ疄涔犲辜鍎垮洯瀹炶返缁勭粐瀹炴柦锛屽疄璺靛悗涓庡笀鐢熶氦娴佷綘鐨勫洶鎯戜笌鏀惰幏銆�
+ </p>
+ <p class="center"><b>灏忎箤榫熺湅鐖风埛</b></p>
+ <p>灏忎箤榫熸兂鐖风埛浜嗭紝浠栬锛氣�滄垜瑕佸幓鐪嬬埛鐖凤紝椤轰究缁欎粬閫佷竴妫佃嫻鏋滄爲锛佲��</p>
+ <p>灏忎箤榫熸妸鑻规灉鏍戠粦鍦ㄨ儗涓婏紝鍑哄彂浜嗐��</p>
+ <p>璧板晩锛岃蛋鍟婏紝鑻规灉鏍戝紑鑺变簡銆傝湝铚傛潵浜嗭紝铦磋澏涔熸潵浜嗐��</p>
+ <p>
+ 璧板晩锛岃蛋鍟婏紝鑻规灉鏍戠粨鍑轰簡涓�涓竴涓皬鑻规灉銆傚皬楦熸潵浜嗭紝澶ч笩涔熸潵浜嗐��
+ </p>
+ <p>璧板晩锛岃蛋鍟婏紝鑻规灉鎴愮啛浜嗭紝鐖风埛鐨勫鍒颁簡銆�</p>
+ <p>灏忎箤榫熷拰鐖风埛鍚冪潃绾㈢孩鐨勮嫻鏋滅湡寮�蹇冦��</p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">娲诲姩妗堜緥4-3</span></p>
+ <div class="tp">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <b
+ >鏁呬簨娲诲姩锛氥�婃帀杩涢厭妗堕噷鐨勮�侀紶銆嬶紙涓彮锛�<a id="w5"></a
+ ><a href="chapter004.html#m5"><sup>[5]</sup></a></b
+ >
+ </p>
+ <p><b>瀛︽儏鍒嗘瀽锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 涓�涓伓鐒剁殑鏈轰細锛屾垜鍦ㄧ綉涓婄湅浜嗐�婃帀杩涢厭妗堕噷鐨勮�侀紶銆嬫晠浜嬬殑褰曞儚锛屾晠浜嬩腑鐨勬儏鑺傛繁娣卞湴鍚稿紩浜嗘垜銆傚綋棣嬪槾鐨勫皬鑰侀紶鎺夎繘閰掓《閲屾椂锛岃窇鏉ョ殑鍗存槸鑰侀紶鐨勬瀵瑰ご灏忚姳鐚紝灏忚�侀紶璇ユ�庝箞鍔烇紵灏忚姳鐚細鏁戝皬鑰侀紶鍚楋紵琚晳鍚庡皬鑰侀紶浼氳灏忚姳鐚悆鎺夊悧锛熸晠
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m5"></a><a href="chapter004.html#w5">[5]</a>
+ 鏁欒偛閮ㄦ暀鑲茬鐞嗕俊鎭腑蹇冪粍.鍏ㄥ浗浼樼骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩璇句緥璇勬瀽锛籑锛�.閲嶅簡锛氳タ鍗楀笀鑼冨ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2011锛�84-89.鎺堣鏁欏笀锛氭睙鑻忕渷杩炰簯娓競涓滄捣鍘垮辜鍎垮洯鏇归暱绾紝鏈夊垹鏀�.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="89">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(89) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">82</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 浜嬪厖婊′簡鐭涚浘鐨勬儏鑺傦紝寮曚汉鍏ヨ儨锛岀粰浜轰互涓板瘜鐨勬兂璞＄┖闂淬�傚浜庢兂璞′赴瀵岀殑骞煎効鏉ヨ锛岃繖涓嶅崟鍗曟槸涓�涓潪甯稿ソ鍚殑鏁呬簨锛岃繕鏄竴涓瀬濂界殑璇█鎯宠薄鍒涚紪娲诲姩绱犳潗锛屼簬鏄紝鎴戣璁′簡杩欐涓彮鍒涚紪璁茶堪娲诲姩锛岃骞煎効鍦ㄧ湅涓�鐪嬨�佹兂涓�鎯炽�佽涓�璁茬殑杩囩▼涓紝鍙戝睍浠栦滑鐨勫垱閫犳�ц杩拌兘鍔涳紝骞剁煡閬撳湪鍗遍櫓鐨勬儏鍐典笅搴旇鐢ㄦ櫤鎱ф垬鑳滃洶闅撅紝鍋氫釜鑱槑鍕囨暍鐨勫瀛愩��
+ </p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩鐩爣锛�</b></p>
+ <p>1.鑳藉�熷姪鐢婚潰鍐呭鍒涚紪鈥滄晳榧犫�濆拰鈥滈�冪敓鈥濈殑鏁呬簨鎯呰妭銆�</p>
+ <p>2.鑳界敤杩炶疮鐨勮瑷�澶ц儐鍦拌杩帮紝鍙戝睍璇█鑳藉姏鍙婃兂璞″姏銆�</p>
+ <p>3.浣撻獙鍒涢�犳�ц杩扮殑蹇箰銆�</p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩鍑嗗锛�</b></p>
+ <p>1.鏁呬簨銆婃帀杩涢厭妗堕噷鐨勮�侀紶銆嬪綍鍍忓甫锛岀數瑙嗘満銆乂CD涓�鍙般��</p>
+ <p>
+ 2.榧犮�佸厰銆侀笩銆佺嫍銆佺緤銆侀腑銆侀浮銆佺尨銆佺尗銆佺墰鐨勫浘鐗囧強瑁呮湁璁稿閰掔殑閰掓《鍥剧墖鍚勪竴寮狅紝甯冪疆鍦ㄩ粦鏉夸笂銆傞厭妗跺浘鐗囧湪涓棿锛岄紶銆佸厰銆侀笩銆佺嫍銆佺緤銆侀腑銆侀浮銆佺尨銆佺尗銆佺墰鐨勫浘鐗囧憟鍦嗗舰缈昏创閰掓《鍥剧墖澶栧湀銆�
+ </p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩杩囩▼锛�</b></p>
+ <p>1.鏁欏笀鍑虹ず灏忚�侀紶鍥剧墖锛屾縺鍙戝辜鍎跨殑娲诲姩鍏磋叮銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鎻愰棶锛氬皬鏈嬪弸锛屼綘浠湅璋佹潵浜嗭紵锛堝皬鑰侀紶锛夎繖鏄竴鍙仾鏄庡媷鏁㈢殑灏忚�侀紶锛屼粖澶╂垜浠竴璧峰惉鍚繖鍙皬鑰侀紶鐨勬晠浜嬪惂锛侊紙鏁欏笀鐢ㄤ竴绉嶇绉樼殑鍙ｅ惢浠嬬粛骞煎効鍗冲皢鐪嬪埌鐨勫綍鍍忋�傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <b>鍒嗘瀽锛�</b
+ >娲诲姩涓�寮�濮嬶紝鏁欏笀鍑虹ず灏忚�侀紶鍥剧墖锛岀劧鍚庤繃娓″埌鍚皬鑰侀紶鐨勬晠浜嬶紝瀵煎叆鑷劧銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>2.鏁欏笀鍒嗘鎾斁褰曞儚锛屽辜鍎挎璧忓苟鍒涚紪鏁呬簨銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�1锛夋挱鏀惧綍鍍忕涓�閮ㄥ垎锛氫粠鏁呬簨寮�濮嬧�滃埌灏忚�侀紶鎺夎繘閰掓《閲岀瓑鐫�鏈変汉鏉ユ晳瀹冣�濄��
+ </p>
+ <p>鈶犳暀甯堝嚭绀轰簨鍏堝竷缃ソ鐨勯粦鏉匡紝鎶婂皬鑰侀紶鍥剧墖鏀惧湪榛戞澘涓婄殑閰掓《鍥剧墖涓娿��</p>
+ <p>鎻愰棶锛氬皬鑰侀紶涓轰粈涔堟帀杩涢厭妗堕噷锛燂紙鎯冲枬閰掓《閲岀殑閰掞級</p>
+ <p>灏忚�侀紶鎺夎繘閰掓《閲屽悗鏄�庝箞鍋氱殑锛燂紙涓�杈规專鎵庝竴杈瑰枈鏁戝懡锛�</p>
+ <p>鈶℃暀甯堝紩瀵煎辜鍎垮垱缂栤�滄晳榧犫�濇儏鑺傘��</p>
+ <p>
+ 鎻愰棶锛氳皝浼氭潵鏁戝皬鑰侀紶鍛紵鎬庢牱鏁戠殑锛燂紙鑰侀紶濡堝銆佸皬鐙椼�佸ぇ璞°�佸皬鏈嬪弸鈥︹�︼級骞煎効姣忚鍑轰竴绉嶅姩鐗╋紝鏁欏笀灏辨妸鐩稿簲鐨勫浘鐗囩炕杩囨潵锛岀敤绮夌瑪鐢荤嚎锛屾妸鍔ㄧ墿涓庨厭妗惰繛璧锋潵銆傚鏋滈粦鏉夸笂娌℃湁骞煎効鍒涚紪鐨勫姩鐗╃殑鍥剧墖锛屾暀甯堝氨鐢ㄧ矇绗旂敾鍑烘潵锛屽辜鍎挎病鏈夋彁鍒扮殑鍔ㄧ墿锛屾暀甯堟妸瀹冪殑鍥剧墖缈昏繃鏉ワ紝骞跺紩瀵煎辜鍎胯繘琛屽垱缂栥�傦紙鏁欏笀缁欏辜鍎夸竴瀹氱殑鎬濊�冩椂闂达紝榧撳姳骞煎効澶ц儐鎯宠薄锛岀敤杩炶疮鐨勮瑷�澶ц儐璁茶堪銆傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <b>鍒嗘瀽锛�</b
+ >姝ょ幆鑺備腑锛屾暀甯堜负骞煎効鎻愪緵浜嗕赴瀵岀殑璇█鐜锛岃骞煎効鍒╃敤鍔ㄧ墿鍥剧墖杩涜鍒涚紪鏁呬簨锛屽悓鏃惰繍鐢ㄧ炕杞浘鐗囪繖绉嶅叿鏈夊惛寮曞姏鐨勬暀瀛︽墜娈碉紝鏋佸ぇ鍦拌皟鍔ㄥ辜鍎垮垱缂栫殑绉瀬鎬э紝浣垮辜鍎垮叏韬績鍦版姇鍏ュ垱缂栨椿鍔ㄣ��
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="90">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(90) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗洓绔� 骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">83</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>锛�2锛夋挱鏀惧綍鍍忕浜岄儴鍒嗭細浠庘�滄潵浜嗕竴鍙皬鑺辩尗鈥濆埌鈥滄垜鐨勫懡灏辨槸浣犵殑浜嗏�濄��</p>
+ <p>鎻愰棶锛氬皬鑺辩尗鍜屽皬鑰侀紶鏄ソ鏈嬪弸鍚楋紵锛堜笉鏄級</p>
+ <p>灏忚姳鐚负浠�涔堣鏁戝皬鑰侀紶锛燂紙鎯冲悆灏忚�侀紶锛�</p>
+ <p>灏忚�侀紶涓轰粈涔堝悓鎰忓皬鑺辩尗鏁戣嚜宸憋紵锛堟兂浠庨厭妗堕噷涓婃潵锛�</p>
+ <p>閫氳繃鎻愰棶锛屽府鍔╁辜鍎跨悊瑙ｆ晠浜嬪唴瀹癸紝涓轰笅闈㈢殑鍒涚紪鎵撲笅鍩虹銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�3锛夋挱鏀惧綍鍍忕涓夐儴鍒嗭細浠庡皬鑺辩尗鈥滄妸灏忚�侀紶鏁戜笂鏉モ�濆埌鈥滃紶鍢存兂鍚冨皬鑰侀紶鈥濄��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀寮曞骞煎効鍒涚紪鈥滈�冪敓鈥濇儏鑺傦紝鎻愰棶锛氬皬鑰侀紶琚皬鑺辩尗鍚冧簡鍚楋紵瀹冩槸濡備綍閫冭劚鐨勶紵
+ </p>
+ <p>骞煎効鐢ㄨ繛璐殑璇█澶ц儐鍒涚紪灏忚�侀紶鈥滈�冪敓鈥濈殑鎯呰妭銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ <b>鍒嗘瀽锛�</b
+ >鎴愬姛鐨勬暀瀛︽椿鍔紝鏄暀甯堝湪寮曞鏂归潰涓嬪姛澶紝璁╁辜鍎挎湁鎬濊�冪殑鏈轰細锛屼笉鏄敞鍏ュ紡鍦版暀瀛︺�傚彧瑕佹槸鍎跨鑷繁鑳藉鎯崇殑锛屽氨搴斿綋璁╀粬鑷繁鎯炽�傚湪浠ヤ笂鏁欏鐜妭涓紝鏁欏笀榧撳姳骞煎効澶ц儐琛ㄨ揪鑷繁鍐呭績鐨勬兂娉曪紝澧炲己骞煎効琛ㄨ揪鐨勪俊蹇冿紝涓哄辜鍎垮垱璁炬湁璇濇兂璇淬�佹湁璇濇暍璇寸殑鍜岃皭璇█鐜銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�4锛夋挱鏀惧綍鍍忕鍥涢儴鍒嗭細浠庘�滃皬鑺辩尗寮犲槾鎯冲悆灏忚�侀紶鈥濆埌鏂囨湯銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鎻愰棶锛氬綋灏忚姳鐚鍚冨皬鑰侀紶鏃讹紝灏忚�侀紶璇翠簡浠�涔堬紵锛堟垜娴戣韩鏄厭锛屼綘鍚冧簡鑲畾浼氶唹鐨勶紝涓嶅鍏堟妸鎴戣韩涓婄殑閰掔儤骞蹭簡锛屽埌鏃跺�欏啀鍚冧篃涓嶈繜鍛�锛侊級
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 灏忚姳鐚槸鎬庝箞鍋氱殑锛燂紙灏忚姳鐚妸灏忚�侀紶鍙煎埌鐏倝杈圭儰鐫�锛岀敤涓ゅ彧鐖瓙鎽佷綇灏忚�侀紶銆傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 灏忚�侀紶閫冨洖娲為噷鍙堟槸鎬庝箞璇寸殑锛燂紙鎴戝湪閰掓《閲屽枬澶氫簡锛岃鐨勫叏閮芥槸閱夎瘽锛屽摢鑳界畻鏁板憿锛燂級
+ </p>
+ <p>鏁欏笀瑕佹眰骞煎効鐢ㄦ晠浜嬩腑鐨勮瑷�鍥炵瓟闂銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ <b>鍒嗘瀽锛�</b
+ >鏁欏笀鍒╃敤鎻愰棶鐨勬柟寮忥紝甯姪骞煎効鐞嗚В鏁呬簨鍐呭锛屽苟涓旇骞煎効灏濊瘯鐢ㄦ晠浜嬩腑鐨勮瑷�鍥炵瓟鏁欏笀鐨勬彁闂紝鏈夊姪浜庢彁楂樺辜鍎跨殑璇█琛ㄨ揪鑳藉姏銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>3.鏁欏笀寮曞骞煎効瀹屾暣鍦版璧忔晠浜嬪綍鍍忋��</p>
+ <p>鏁欏笀瑕佹眰骞煎効杈圭湅杈瑰皾璇曠潃璁茶堪鏁呬簨銆�</p>
+ <p>4.骞煎効鍊熷姪鎱㈡斁鐨勬棤澹板綍鍍忥紝澶嶈堪鏁呬簨銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鎻愰棶锛氳繖涓晠浜嬬湡濂藉惉锛屽皬鏈嬪弸杩樻兂鍚悧锛熶笅闈紝鎴戜滑璇峰嚑涓皬鏈嬪弸鐪嬬潃娌℃湁澹伴煶鐨勫綍鍍忎负鎴戜滑璁叉晠浜嬨��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀鎶婂綍鍍忔斁鎱紝璇�4鍚嶅辜鍎块噰鐢ㄦ帴榫欐柟寮忥紝鐪嬬潃鏃犲０褰曞儚涓哄ぇ瀹惰鏁呬簨銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 杩欎釜鏁呬簨閭ｄ箞濂藉惉锛屽ぇ瀹舵兂涓嶆兂瀛︿細浜嗗洖瀹惰缁欏浜哄惉鍛紵涓嬮潰锛岃灏忔湅鍙嬭窡鐫�鏃犲０褰曞儚涓�璧疯璁茶繖涓晠浜嬨�傦紙褰曞儚鎱㈡斁锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <b>鍒嗘瀽锛�</b
+ >鏁欏笀閲囩敤涓烘棤澹板姩鐢婚厤闊崇殑鏂瑰紡锛屽紩瀵煎辜鍎垮�熷姪褰卞儚璁茶堪鏁呬簨锛岃竟鐪嬭竟璇达紝绗﹀悎骞煎効鐨勫勾榫勭壒鐐广��
+ </p>
+ <p>5.杩佺Щ鏁呬簨涓婚锛屾笚閫忓搧寰锋暀鑲层��</p>
+ <p>锛�1锛夋彁闂細浣犲枩娆㈡晠浜嬮噷鐨勫皬鑰侀紶鍚楋紵涓轰粈涔堬紵锛堣仾鏄庯紝鍕囨暍锛�</p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="91">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(91) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">84</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>鎴戜滑搴旇鍚戝皬鑰侀紶瀛︿範浠�涔堬紵锛堥亣鍒板洶闅炬兂鍔炴硶瑙ｅ喅锛屼笉瀹虫�曪級</p>
+ <p>鏁欏笀缁撳悎鑷劧鐏惧銆佽糠璺瓑鏃ュ父鐢熸椿瀹為檯瀵瑰辜鍎胯繘琛屽畨鍏ㄦ暀鑲层��</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�2锛夊皬缁擄細鎴戜滑搴旇鍍忓皬鑰侀紶涓�鏍峰仛涓仾鏄庡媷鏁㈢殑瀛╁瓙锛岄亣鍒板洶闅剧殑鏃跺�欎笉瑕佸鎬曪紝瑕佸姩鑴戠瓔鎯冲姙娉曞厠鏈嶅洶闅撅紝瀛︿細淇濇姢鑷繁銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <b>鍒嗘瀽锛�</b
+ >鏁欏笀娉ㄦ剰鎷撳睍鏁呬簨鐨勬暀鑲插姛鑳斤紝鍦ㄥ畬鏁磋杩版晠浜嬪悗璁╁辜鍎胯璇翠负浠�涔堝枩娆㈠皬鑰侀紶锛屽埄鐢ㄦ晠浜嬪唴瀹瑰骞煎効閫傛椂鍦拌繘琛屽搧寰锋暀鑲诧紝寮曞骞煎効鎳傚緱闄ら潪鍦ㄥ嵄鎬ユ椂鍒伙紝浜轰笉鑳借璇濅笉绠楁暟锛岃璁茶瘹淇°��
+ </p>
+ <p><b>闄勬晠浜嬶細銆婃帀杩涢厭妗堕噷鐨勮�侀紶銆�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 鍐滃か涔颁簡涓�妗惰憽钀勯厭锛屾斁鍦ㄤ簡鍦扮獤閲屻�傛湁涓�澶╋紝浠栨兂鍠濋厭锛屽氨璁╁皬鍎垮瓙鍘昏垁閰掞紝鍙槸灏忓効瀛愬お绮楀績锛岃垁瀹屼簡閰掞紝鍗村繕浜嗘妸閰掓《鐨勭洊瀛愮洊涓娿�傞厭鐨勯姘斿憖锛屽氨鎱㈡參鍦伴浜嗗嚭鏉ワ紝椋樺憖椋樺憖锛屽湴绐栭噷鍒板閮借兘闂诲埌閰掔殑棣欏懗銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏈夊彧灏忚�侀紶锛岄椈鍒颁簡棣欏懗锛屽氨鍋峰伔鍦扮埇涓婃《娌匡紝鍑嗗缇庣編鍦板枬涓婁竴椤匡紝涓嶆枡涓�涓嶅皬蹇冭剼涓嬩竴婊戯紝鎵戦�氫竴澹帮紝灏辨帀鍒版《閲屽幓浜嗐�傛《閲屽ご鍛�婊℃弧鐨勫叏鏄厭锛屽皬鑰侀紶鍥涘彧鐖瓙涔辨墤鑵撅紝鎬庝箞涔熺埇涓嶅嚭鏉ワ紝鍙ソ涓�杈瑰枈鏁戝懡锛屼竴杈规嫾鍛芥父鍛�娓稿憖锛岀瓑鐫�鏈夎皝鏉ユ晳瀹冦��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 杩欐椂鏉ヤ簡涓�鍙皬鑺辩尗锛屽皬鑰侀紶杩炲繖瀵瑰皬鑺辩尗璇达細鈥滅尗鍏堢敓锛岃蹇偣鏁戞晳鎴戝惂锛佲�濆皬鑺辩尗璇达細鈥滆�侀紶鍟婅�侀紶锛屽鏋滄垜鏁戜簡浣狅紝浣犳効鎰忚鎴戝悆鎺夊悧锛熲�濆皬鑰侀紶鐘剚浜嗭紝浠栧績閲屾兂浜嗗張鎯筹紝瀵硅嚜宸辫锛氣�滀笉绠℃�庢牱锛屽厛璁╀粬鎶婃垜鏁戜笂鏉ュ啀璇村惂銆傗�濅簬鏄紝鑰侀紶灏辩棝蹇湴绛斿簲浜嗭細鈥滄垜灏婃暚鐨勭尗鍏堢敓锛屽彧瑕佷綘鎶婃垜鏁戜笂鏉ワ紝浣犳兂鎬庢牱灏辨�庢牱鍟婏紝灏辨槸琚綘鍚冩帀锛屼篃鎬绘瘮鍦ㄩ厭妗堕噷娣规寰楀ソ鍟娿�傗�濆皬鑺辩尗鍚簡寰堥珮鍏达紝灏变几鍑虹埅瀛愶紝鎶婅�侀紶鎷変簡涓婃潵銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 灏忚姳鐚兂寮犲槾鍚冩帀灏忚�侀紶鐨勬椂鍊欙紝鑰侀紶杩炲繖璇达細鈥滃晩锛屾參鐫�锛屾參鐫�銆傗�濆皬鑺辩尗涓嶆斁蹇冨湴闂細鈥滃共浠�涔堬紵浣犱笉浼氭兂璧栬处鍚э紵鈥濆皬鑰侀紶杞簡杞溂鐝犲瓙璇达細鈥滃綋鐒朵笉鏄簡锛屾垜鏄兂鍛�锛岀幇鍦ㄦ垜娴戣韩鏄厭锛屼綘鍚冧簡鑲畾浼氶唹鐨勶紝涓嶅鍏堟妸鎴戣韩涓婄殑閰掔儤骞蹭簡锛屽埌鏃跺�欏啀鍚冧篃涓嶈繜鍛�锛佲�濆皬鑺辩尗涓�鍚紝瑙夊緱寰堟湁閬撶悊锛屽氨鎶婅�侀紶鍙煎埌鐏倝杈癸紝杩樼敤涓ゅ彧鐖瓙鎽佷綇鑰侀紶锛屽厤寰楀畠婧滆蛋浜嗐��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鐏紝鏆栫儤鐑樼殑锛屾參鎱㈠湴锛屽皬鑺辩尗灏卞繊涓嶄綇鎵撹捣浜嗙瀸鐫★紝鍙堣繃浜嗕竴浼氬効锛屽皬鑺辩尗鐫＄潃浜嗭紝杩樻墦璧蜂簡鍛煎櫆锛岀埅瀛愪篃鎱㈡參鍦版澗寮�浜嗐�傚皬鑰侀紶涓�鐪嬶紝鍝堝搱锛屾満浼氭潵浜嗭紝灏辨倓鎮勫湴浠庡皬鑺辩尗鐨勭埅瀛愬簳涓嬬埇鍑烘潵锛屽惐婧滀竴澹伴捇杩涙礊閲屽幓浜嗐�傚皬鑺辩尗琚儕閱掍簡锛岃刀绱ц窇鍒伴紶娲炲墠锛岄潪甯哥敓姘斿湴闂皬鑰侀紶锛氣�滆�侀紶锛岃�侀紶锛屼綘涓嶆槸绛斿簲璁╂垜鍚冩帀鐨勫悧锛熲�濆皬鑰侀紶绗戠潃璇达細鈥滃晩锛屽垰鎵嶏紝鍒氭墠鎴戝湪閰掓《閲屽枬閱変簡锛岃鐨勯兘鏄唹璇濓紝鍝兘绠楁暟鍛紵鈥濆皬鑺辩尗姘斿緱鍚硅儭瀛愮灙鐪肩潧锛屾墤涓婂墠鎹夊皬鑰侀紶鏃讹紝鍢殑涓�澹版挒鍒板涓婏紝鐤煎緱灏忚姳鐚柕鍠电洿鍙�傝繖鏃跺�欏憖锛屽皬鑰侀紶宸茬粡閽诲埌娲為噷杈瑰幓锛屽啀涔熶笉鍑烘潵浜嗐�傚皬鑺辩尗绛夊憖绛夊憖锛屼絾灏忚�侀紶鍐嶄篃娌℃湁闇查潰锛屽畠鍙ソ鐏版簻婧滃湴璧颁簡銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="92">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(92) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗洓绔� 骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">085</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <h2 id="b011">绗笁鑺傘��骞煎効璇楁瓕銆佹暎鏂囨椿鍔ㄧ殑璁捐涓庣粍缁囨寚瀵�</h2>
+ <h3 id="c026">涓�銆佸辜鍎胯瘲姝屻�佹暎鏂囨杩�</h3>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効璇楁瓕鍖呮嫭鍎挎瓕銆佸効绔ヨ瘲锛屽湪璇█褰㈠紡涓婂垎琛屽垎鑺傦紝骞跺叿鏈夋槑鏄剧殑闊靛緥鎰燂紝閫氬父閲囩敤鎷熶汉銆佽薄寰佺瓑鎵嬫硶鎻忓啓浜嬫儏鎶掑彂鎰熸儏锛屾槸闈炲父閫傚悎骞煎効鍚熷敱鐨勮瘲姝屼綋鏂囧浣滃搧銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍎挎瓕宸叉祦浼犱笂鍗冨勾锛屽彜绉扳�滅璋ｂ�濃�滃瀛愭瓕鈥濓紝寰�寰�鐭皬绮炬倣锛屾湕鏈椾笂鍙ｏ紝鏄撴噦鏄撹锛屽父浼村辜鍎挎父鎴忔椂鍚熷敱銆傚銆婂皬铚滆渹銆嬶細
+ </p>
+ <p class="block">灏忚湝铚傦紝鍡″棥鍡★紝</p>
+ <p class="block">椋炲埌瑗匡紝椋炲埌涓滐紝</p>
+ <p class="block">閲囪姳鏈燂紝鍕ゅ仛宸ャ��</p>
+ <p>
+ 鍎跨璇楁槸鈥滀簲鍥涜繍鍔ㄢ�濆悗锛岃瘲浜轰笓闂ㄤ负鍎跨鍐欑殑璇楋紝瀹冪殑鎬濇兂鍜岀敓娲诲唴瀹规瘮鍎挎瓕娣卞帤锛岃瑷�鏇村叿鏂囧鑹插僵銆傚鏋滆鍎挎瓕鏄互鍜岃皭鐨勯煹寰嬨�侀摽閿电殑闊冲搷鍚稿紩瀛╁瓙锛岄偅涔堝効绔ヨ瘲闄や簡鍏锋湁鎰夋偊鎬т箣澶栵紝杩樺叿鏈夋彁楂樺辜鍎挎枃瀛︽按骞崇殑浠诲姟銆傚効绔ヨ瘲浠ユ湁瓒ｇ殑鐢婚潰銆佸濡欑殑鎯宠薄銆佺畝鍗曠殑鎯呰妭寮曞骞煎効浣撻獙楂樺皻鎯呮搷鍜屽缇庢儏瓒ｏ紝铏戒笉鑳戒竴鍚氨鎳傦紝浣嗙粡杩囪�佸笀銆佸闀跨殑鍚彂锛屽辜鍎胯兘澶熼浼氳瘲姝屽惈涔夈�傚閮戞槬鑺辩殑鍎跨璇椼�婇粍鍙躲�嬶細
+ </p>
+ <p class="block">涓�鐗囬粍鍙讹紝</p>
+ <p class="block">绂诲紑浜嗗ぇ鏍戝濡堛��</p>
+ <p class="block">椋炲摕锛岄鍝燂紝</p>
+ <p class="block">椋樿惤鍦ㄧ獥涓嬨��</p>
+ <p class="block"><br /></p>
+ <p class="block">灏忎匠浣筹紝鎷捐捣榛勫彾锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">鐪嬪憖鐪嬪憖锛屸�︹��</p>
+ <p class="block">鈥滃皬浣充匠锛屼綘鍦ㄧ湅鍟ワ紵鈥�</p>
+ <p class="block">鈥滃湪鐪嬩竴灏佷俊锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">浣犵煡閬撳悧锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">绉嬪ぉ鏉ヤ簡锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">璇ョ粰濞冩坊琛ｆ湇鍟︼紒鈥�</p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="93">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(93) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">214</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>鍎挎瓕涓昏鏈嶅姟浜庝綆骞煎効绔ワ紝鑰屽効绔ヨ瘲鏈嶅姟浜庢暣浣撳効绔ャ��</p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鏁ｆ枃锛堣瘲锛夛紝鍏煎叿璇楁瓕涓庢暎鏂囩殑鐗圭偣锛屾湰璐ㄤ笂灞炰簬璇楁瓕锛屽叿鏈夎瘲鐨勬兂璞′笌缇庢劅锛屼絾鍐呭涓婂張淇濇寔浜嗘暎鏂囩殑缁嗚妭鎻忕粯鍜屽舰寮忎笂鐨勪笉鍒嗚涓嶆娂闊电殑鐗圭偣銆傚妤奸鐢殑銆婃槬闆ㄧ殑鑹插僵銆嬶細
+ </p>
+ <p class="block">
+ 鏄ラ洦锛屽儚鏄ュ濞樼汉鍑虹殑绾匡紝娌″畬娌′簡鍦颁笅鍒板湴涓婏紝娌欐矙娌欙紝娌欐矙娌欌�︹��
+ </p>
+ <p class="block">
+ 涓�缇ゅ皬楦熷湪灞嬫獝涓嬭翰闆紝瀹冧滑鍦ㄤ簤璁轰竴涓湁瓒ｇ殑闂锛氭槬闆ㄥ埌搴曟槸浠�涔堥鑹茬殑锛�
+ </p>
+ <p class="block">灏忕櫧楦借锛氣�滄槬闆ㄦ槸鏃犺壊鐨勩�備綘浠几鎵嬫帴鍑犳淮鐬х灖鍚с�傗��</p>
+ <p class="block">
+ 灏忕嚂瀛愯锛氣�滀笉瀵癸紝鏄ラ洦鏄豢鑹茬殑銆備綘浠灖锛佹槬闆ㄨ惤鍦ㄨ崏鍦颁笂锛屽皬鑽夊効缁夸簡锛佹槬闆ㄦ穻鍦ㄦ煶鏍戜笂锛屾煶鏋濆効缁夸簡銆傗��
+ </p>
+ <p class="block">
+ 灏忛夯闆�璇达細鈥滀笉涓嶄笉锛佹槬闆ㄦ槸绾㈣壊鐨勩�備綘浠灖锛佹槬闆ㄦ磼鍦ㄦ鏍戜笂锛屾鑺辩孩浜嗭紒鏄ラ洦婊村湪鏉忔爲涓婏紝鏉忚姳绾簡銆傗��
+ </p>
+ <p class="block">
+ 灏忛粍鑾鸿锛氣�滀笉瀵癸紝涓嶅锛屾槬闆ㄦ槸榛勮壊鐨勩�備笉鏄悧锛熷畠钀藉湪娌硅彍鍦伴噷锛屾补鑿滆姳榛勪簡锛涘畠钀藉湪钂插叕鑻变笂锛岃挷鍏嫳鐨勮姳鍎夸篃榛勪簡銆傗��
+ </p>
+ <p class="block">
+ 鏄ラ洦鍚簡澶у鐨勪簤璁猴紝涓嬪緱鏇存浜嗭紝娌欐矙娌欙紝娌欐矙娌欌�︹�﹀畠濂藉儚鍦ㄨ锛氣�滀翰鐖辩殑灏忛笩浠紝浣犱滑鐨勮瘽閮藉锛屼絾閮芥病璇村叏闈€�傛垜鏈韩鏄棤鑹茬殑锛屼絾鎴戣兘缁欐槬澶╃殑澶у湴甯︽潵涓囩传鍗冪孩鈥︹�︹��
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk">
+ <div class="bk1">
+ <p><span class="bj2">鎯充竴鎯�</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-4">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-2" alt="" src="../../images/tb-2.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 1.闃呰瀹屽辜鍎挎暎鏂囥�婃槬闆ㄧ殑鑹插僵銆嬩箣鍚庯紝浣犺寰楄繖涓暎鏂囩編鍚楋紵濡傛灉缇庯紝缇庡湪鍝噷锛熶綘鏄惁浼氳鈥滄湁鎰忓缇庘�濓紝閭ｄ箞杩欑鎰忓鍦ㄦ暎鏂囦腑鏄�氳繃浠�涔堟柟寮忚〃鐜板嚭鏉ョ殑锛�
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 2.濡傛灉浣犳潵缁勭粐杩欎釜鏁ｆ枃鐨勬暀瀛︽椿鍔紝甯屾湜骞煎効鑾峰緱浠�涔堝彂灞曪紵浣犲噯澶囨�庢牱缁勭粐浣犵殑鏁欏娲诲姩鍛紵
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <h3 id="c027">浜屻�佸辜鍎胯瘲姝屻�佹暎鏂囦綔鍝佺殑閫夋潗瑕佺偣</h3>
+ <h4 id="d068">锛堜竴锛夐�夋嫨涓嶅悓棰樻潗鐨勪綔鍝侊紝浣撻獙澶氭牱鍖栬瘲鏂囩壒鐐�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効璇楁瓕鍜屾暎鏂囩殑棰樻潗骞挎硾锛屾湁鍙欎簨璇椼�佹姃鎯呰瘲銆佹姃鎯呮暎鏂囦互鍙婃祬鏄剧殑鍙よ瘲锛屾暀甯堥�夋嫨棰樻潗鏃舵敞鎰忓鏍峰寲锛岃骞煎効鎰熷彈璇楁瓕銆佹暎鏂囩殑涓板瘜鎬с�傛棦鍙互閫夋嫨鐢熷姩鏈夎叮鐨勫彊浜嬭瘲锛屽銆婂皬寮熷拰灏忕尗銆嬨�婁笅宸翠笂鐨勬礊娲炪�嬨�婂皬鐔婅繃妗ャ�嬬瓑锛涗篃鍙互閫夋嫨鎻忕粯澶ц嚜鐒剁幇璞″拰浜轰滑缇庡ソ蹇冪伒鐨勬姃鎯呰瘲锛屽銆婃槬闆ㄣ�嬨�婃槬澶╃殑绉樺瘑銆嬨�婄濂囩殑瀛椼�嬬瓑锛涜繕鏈変紭缇庣殑鎶掓儏鏁ｆ枃锛屽銆婃槬闆ㄧ殑鑹插僵銆嬨�婇〗鐨殑灏忛洦婊淬�嬬瓑銆傛暀甯堣繕鍙互閫夋嫨娴呮樉鐨勫彜璇楋紝璁╁辜鍎挎劅鍙椾腑鍥戒紶缁熸枃鍖栫殑缇庯紝濡傚彜璇椼�婃槬鏅撱�嬨�婂拸楣呫�嬨�婃偗鍐溿�嬬瓑銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="94">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(94) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗洓绔� 骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">87</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <h4 id="d069">锛堜簩锛夐�夋嫨鏋勬�濆阀濡欍�佸瘜浜庢兂璞°�佸厖婊＄瓒ｇ殑浣滃搧</h4>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鍠滄鐨勮瘲鏂囷紝涓嶄粎瑕佹湕鏈椾笂鍙ｏ紝鏋佸叿璇█缇庡拰鑹烘湳缇庯紝鏇磋鎯宠薄濂囩壒锛屽厖婊＄鐪熺瓒ｃ�傚璋㈡褰扮殑璇楁瓕銆婃⒊瀛愩�嬶細
+ </p>
+ <p class="block">濡堝鐢ㄦ⒊瀛愶紝姊崇潃鎴戠殑澶村彂锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">鎴戜篃鐢ㄦ⒊瀛愶紝姊崇潃濡堝鐨勫ご鍙戯紝</p>
+ <p class="block">椋庢槸鏍戠殑姊冲瓙锛屾⒊鐫�鏍戠殑澶村彂锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">鑸规槸娴风殑姊冲瓙锛屾⒊鐫�娴风殑澶村彂銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 浠庢瘝濂虫⒊澶磋皥璧凤紝鐢ㄦ瘮鎷熺殑鎵嬫硶锛屽皢椋庢瘮浣滄爲鐨勬⒊瀛愶紝灏嗚埞姣斾綔娴风殑姊冲瓙锛屽悜骞煎効灞曠ず浜嗕竴骞呬紭缇庣敓鍔ㄧ殑鐢婚潰锛屾兂璞″鐗硅�岀編濂斤紝杩欐牱娓╅Θ銆佸拰璋愮殑鐢婚潰寰堣兘鎰熸煋瀛╁瓙鐨勫績鐏点��
+ </p>
+ <p>鍐嶅寮犵户妤肩殑璇楁瓕銆婂叡浼炪�嬶細</p>
+ <p class="block">鍒浜嗭紝涓嬮洦浜嗭紝</p>
+ <p class="block">骞煎効鍥噷鏀惧浜嗐��</p>
+ <p class="block">鐪嬩竴鐪嬶紝璋佹潵浜嗭紵</p>
+ <p class="block">濡堝鎾戠潃浼炴潵浜嗐��</p>
+ <p class="block">璧板嚭闂紝鍥炲ご鐬э紝</p>
+ <p class="block">灞嬫獝涓嬬珯鐫�寮犲皬瀹濄��</p>
+ <p class="block">鎷涙嫑鎵嬶紝绗戜竴绗戯紝</p>
+ <p class="block">浼炰笅澶氫簡涓�鍙岃剼銆�</p>
+ <p class="block">涓�浜屼竴锛岄綈姝ヨ蛋锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">韪忕潃姘磋姳鍥炲浜嗐��</p>
+ <p>
+ 璇楁瓕浠庨洦涓辜鍎垮洯鏀惧鍦烘櫙寮�濮嬶紝鐢熷姩鍦版弿缁樹簡涓や釜灏忔湅鍙嬩簰鍔╁弸鐖辩殑涓�鐬棿锛屽鈥滄嫑鎷涙墜锛岀瑧涓�绗戯紝浼炰笅澶氫簡涓�鍙岃剼鈥濓紱鍐嶅鈥滀竴浜屼竴锛岄綈姝ヨ蛋锛岃笍鐫�姘磋姳鍥炲浜嗏�濓紝灏嗗効绔ョ嫭鏈夌殑绔ョ湡绔ヨ叮鐢熷姩褰㈣薄鍦版弿鍐欏嚭鏉ワ紝鎴戜滑浼间箮宸茬粡鐪嬪埌涓や釜鏃㈤〗鐨張鍙埍鐨勫瀛愬湪闆ㄤ腑鐨勬俯棣ㄧ敾闈€��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d070">锛堜笁锛夐�夋潗绗﹀悎骞煎効宸叉湁缁忛獙姘村钩鍜屽勾榫勭壒鐐�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 璇楁瓕鏈韩鍏锋湁鍚搫缇庯紝璇█鍑濈粌锛岃涔夎法搴﹀ぇ锛屾墍浠ワ紝鏁欏笀閫夋嫨鐨勮瘲姝屽湪涓婚銆佹儏鑺傘�佸唴瀹圭瓑鏂归潰瑕佺鍚堝辜鍎垮凡鏈夌殑鐭ヨ瘑鑳屾櫙鍜岀粡楠屾按骞筹紝閫夋嫨骞煎効鏄撲簬鐞嗚В鐨勮瘲姝屼綔鍝侊紝濡傘�婃帓鎺掑潗銆嬨�婂皬鐚挭銆嬬瓑銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍚屾椂锛屼负骞煎効閫夋嫨璇楁瓕鏃惰繕瑕佽�冭檻骞煎効鐨勫勾榫勭壒鐐癸紝閽堝灏忕彮搴斾互绡囧箙鐭皬鐨勫効姝屼负涓伙紱涓彮鍙互閫夋嫨绡囧箙绋嶉暱鐨勫効姝屼笌鍎跨璇楋紱澶х彮閫夋潗鑼冨洿骞挎硾锛岀瘒骞呰緝闀�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="95">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(95) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">88</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>鐨勫効绔ヨ瘲銆佹暎鏂囪瘲锛岀敋鑷虫祬鏄剧殑鍙よ瘲閮藉彲浠ラ�夋嫨銆�</p>
+ <h3 id="c028">涓夈�佸辜鍎胯瘲姝屻�佹暎鏂囨椿鍔ㄧ殑璁捐涓庢寚瀵艰鐐�</h3>
+ <h4 id="d071">锛堜竴锛夊辜鍎胯瘲姝屻�佹暎鏂囨椿鍔ㄧ殑璁捐</h4>
+ <h5 id="e087">1.渚濇墭鐢熸椿缁忛獙锛屽鍏ヤ綔鍝�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄥ紑灞曞辜鍎胯瘲姝屻�佹暎鏂囨椿鍔ㄤ箣鍓嶏紝鏁欏笀闇�瑕佷赴瀵屽辜鍎跨殑鐢熸椿缁忛獙锛屽鍦ㄥ涔犳暎鏂囪瘲銆婅惤鍙躲�嬩箣鍓嶏紝搴旇鍏堝湪鐢熸椿涓紩瀵煎辜鍎胯瀵熺澶╃殑钀藉彾鍜屽姩妞嶇墿鐨勫彉鍖栵紱鍦ㄥ涔犮�婃槬闆ㄧ殑鑹插僵銆嬩箣鍓嶏紝闇�瑕佸厛寮曞骞煎効瑙傚療鏄ラ洦鍓嶅悗澶ц嚜鐒剁殑鍙樺寲锛岀Н绱劅鎬х粡楠屻��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 渚嬪锛屽湪璇楁瓕銆婃槬闆ㄧ殑鑹插僵銆嬫暀瀛︽椿鍔ㄤ紛濮嬶紝鏁欏笀鍙互寮曞骞煎効鍥炲繂闆ㄥぉ锛岄�氳繃鎻愰棶婵�鍙戝辜鍎胯璁衡�滀綘鐭ラ亾鏄ラ洦鏄粈涔堥鑹茬殑鍚楋紵浣犱负浠�涔堣寰楁槸杩欎釜棰滆壊锛熲�濆綋骞煎効鍏呭垎琛ㄨ揪鍚庯紝鏁欏笀鍙互鏈夋剰璇嗗湴灏嗗辜鍎跨殑琛ㄨ揪褰掔撼鎴愭暎鏂囪瘲涓殑璇彞锛屽苟寮曞嚭鏁ｆ枃璇楋細鈥滄湁涓�缇ゅ皬楦熶篃鍦ㄤ簤璁鸿繖涓瘽棰橈紝鏄ラ洦鍒板簳鏄粈涔堥鑹茬殑锛熲��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e088">2.鏁欏笀绀鸿寖鏈楄璇楁枃</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀鍙互閲囩敤閰嶄箰鐨勮緟鍔╁舰寮忥紝浠ョ鍚堣瘲鏂囨剰澧冪殑鑺傚銆佽璋冿紝瀵屾湁鎯呮劅鍦版湕璇佃瘲鏂囥�傛鐜妭涓昏鍩瑰吇骞煎効鐨勫�惧惉鑳藉姏锛岃骞煎効鏁翠綋鎰熺煡璇楁枃銆備笉寤鸿鏁欏笀閰嶅悎鍥剧墖銆佽棰戣繘琛屾湕璇碉紝浠ュ厤鍒嗘暎骞煎効娉ㄦ剰鍔涖��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e089">3.甯姪骞煎効鐞嗚В璇楁枃鍐呭</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀鍙互鎻愰棶锛氣�滆繖绡囨暎鏂囬噷閮芥湁鍝簺灏忛笩锛熻繖浜涘皬楦熻涓烘槬闆ㄦ槸浠�涔堥鑹茬殑锛熲�濆緟骞煎効璇村嚭鈥滄槬闆ㄦ槸脳鑹茬殑鈥濊繖涓�鍙ュ紡鍚庯紝浠ョ涓�鍙モ�滃皬鐕曞瓙璇达細鈥樹笉瀵癸紝鏄ラ洦鏄豢鑹茬殑銆備綘浠灖锛佹槬闆ㄨ惤鍦ㄨ崏鍦颁笂锛屽皬鑽夊効缁夸簡锛佹槬闆ㄦ穻鍦ㄦ煶鏍戜笂锛屾煶鏋濆効缁夸簡鈥欌�濅负渚嬶紝鏁欏笀杩介棶鈥滃皬鐕曞瓙涓轰粈涔堣寰楁槬闆ㄦ槸缁胯壊鐨勶紵鈥濆湪骞煎効鍏呭垎鍥炲繂鍜岃璁轰箣鍚庯紝鍑虹ず鈥滆崏鍦扳�濃�滃皬鑽夆�濃�滄煶鏍戔�濃�滄煶鏋濆効鈥濈殑鍥捐氨锛屼粠鑰屽府鍔╁辜鍎垮垵姝ュ寰椻�滄槬闆ㄦ槸脳鑹茬殑锛屼綘浠灖锛屾槬闆ㄨ惤鍦椕椾笂锛屆椕椕椾簡鈥濆彞寮忕粨鏋勶紝杩欐棦涓板瘜浜嗗辜鍎跨殑鍔ㄨ瘝銆佸舰瀹硅瘝锛屼篃鍙互鐢ㄥ姩浣溿�佽〃鎯呰〃鐜版瘡涓墖娈点��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e090">4.鏁欏笀閰嶅悎杈呭姪鏁欏叿鍐嶆鏈楄璇楁枃</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄥ垎鍒悊瑙ｆ瘡涓�娈佃瘲姝屽唴瀹逛箣鍚庯紝鏁欏笀鍙互缁撳悎鍥剧墖銆佽浠躲�佸姩鐢荤瓑锛屽啀娆＄敓鍔ㄥ舰璞″湴閰嶄箰鏈楄锛屽�惧惉銆佹劅鍙椼�佺悊瑙ｅ悇绉嶆鐗╁湪鍙楀埌鏄ラ洦婊嬫鼎鍚庣殑娆ｅ枩涓庣敓鏈猴紝鍚屾椂杩涗竴姝ヨ幏寰楄瘲鏂囩殑鍙欒堪缁撴瀯銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e091">5.骞煎効瀛︿範璇楁枃鏈楄</h5>
+ <p>
+ 瀵逛簬鐭皬鐨勮瘲姝岋紝濡傚効绔ヨ瘲銆婂皬寮熷拰灏忕尗銆嬶紝骞煎効鍙互閫氳繃澶氱褰㈠紡瀛︿範鏈楄锛屽鏁欏笀澶у０璇佃锛屽辜鍎垮皬澹拌璇伙紝鎴栭泦浣撱�佸皬缁勩�佷釜浜鸿璇伙紝涔熷彲鍒嗚鑹叉湕璇垫垨瀵圭瓟寮忚璇伙紝璁╁辜鍎夸笉鏂搧鍛炽�侀鎮熻瘲姝岀殑鎰忓缇庡拰璇█缇庯紝浣嗗垏蹇屾灟鐕ヤ箯鍛炽�佹満姊拌蹇嗐��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e092">6.鍥寸粫璇楁枃涓婚寮�灞曠浉鍏冲欢浼告椿鍔�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 浼樼鐨勮瘲鏂囨潵婧愪簬骞煎効鐨勭敓娲伙紝鏈�缁堣鍥炲綊鍒板辜鍎跨殑鐪熷疄鐢熸椿銆傚湪鏁翠綋鐞嗚В璇�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="96">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(96) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗洓绔� 骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">089</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鏂囨儏鑺傚唴瀹逛箣鍚庯紝鏁欏笀闇�瑕佸氨璇楁枃涓殑鐜拌薄銆佷簨浠躲�佹�佸害銆佹儏鎰熺瓑鏂归潰涓庡辜鍎胯璁轰氦娴侊紝骞堕紦鍔卞辜鍎垮湪鍏朵粬鏁欒偛棰嗗煙鎴栧尯鍩熸椿鍔ㄤ腑鑷敱琛ㄧ幇锛屽皢鏂囧璇█涓庡辜鍎跨敓娲荤浉缁撳悎锛屼娇骞煎効鑳芥綔绉婚粯鍖栧湴浣撻獙鏂囧璇█鐨勮壓鏈剰澧冦�備緥濡傦紝銆婂皬鐔婅繃妗ャ�嬨�婂皬寮熷拰灏忕尗銆嬨�婂皬鐚潯瑙夈�嬬瓑鏈夎叮鐨勫彊浜嬭瘲閮介�傚悎閫氳繃琛ㄦ紨鏉ヤ綋楠岃鑹插績鐞嗗拰鎯呯华鎯呮劅銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d072">锛堜簩锛夊辜鍎胯瘲姝屻�佹暎鏂囦豢缂栨椿鍔ㄧ殑璁捐</h4>
+ <p>
+ 瀵逛簬涓�浜涘唴瀹圭敓鍔ㄣ�佹湁鍥哄畾鏍煎紡銆佸閲嶅缁撴瀯锛屼笖浜嬬墿涔嬮棿鐨勫叧绯绘槸骞煎効鐔熸倝鐨勮瘲姝屾垨鏁ｆ枃锛屾暀甯堝彲浠ュ惎鍙戝紩瀵煎辜鍎胯繘琛屼豢缂栨椿鍔ㄣ�備豢缂栨槸骞煎効鐢ㄥ彛澶磋瑷�灏嗙敓娲荤粡楠屾垨鎯宠薄鐨勫唴瀹规枃瀛﹁瑷�鍖栫殑閲嶈褰㈠紡锛屼篃鏄辜鍎挎枃瀛﹁瑷�鑳藉姏鐨勯噸瑕佷綋鐜般�備豢缂栨暀瀛︽椿鍔ㄧ殑缁勭粐鍙垎浠ヤ笅鍩烘湰鐜妭銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e093">1.璇濋瀵煎叆</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀鍙互閫氳繃鎻愰棶銆佸浘鐗囨垨瑙嗛绛夋柟寮忔縺鍙戝辜鍎垮鐢熸椿缁忛獙鍜屽凡瀛﹁瘲鏂囩殑鍥炲繂浠ュ強瀵规柊娲诲姩鐨勫悜寰�銆傚悓鏃讹紝鏁欏笀鍙互閫氳繃鍒涜涓�瀹氱殑鎯呭涓哄辜鍎夸豢缂栦綔鍝佸仛濂介摵鍨紝骞舵湁鍔╀簬骞煎効蹇�熻繘鍏ユ枃瀛︽兂璞＄殑璇鍜岀┖闂淬�備緥濡傦紝鏁欏笀鍙互鎾斁銆婃槬闆ㄧ殑鑹插僵銆嬪濯掍綋璇句欢鏉ュ紩瀵煎辜鍎垮璇楁枃鍐呭鐨勫洖蹇嗭紝鍚屾椂鍙互璁╁辜鍎胯窡闅忚浠跺皾璇曟湕璇佃瘲鏂囷紝浠庤�岃嚜鐒惰繃娓″埌鏂版椿鍔ㄤ腑鏉ャ��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e094">2.鍛堢幇鍘熻瘲鏂囩殑鈥滅粨鏋勨��</h5>
+ <p>
+ 浠跨紪璇楁枃蹇呴』鏈夆�滆剼鏈�濓紝鍗冲師璇楁枃鐨勫彞寮忋�佹儏鑺傘�佹剰澧冪粨鏋勶紝杩欐槸骞煎効浠跨紪鐨勫熀纭�銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀鍙互閫氳繃鎻愰棶鈥滀綘鏈�鍠滄鍝竴鍙モ�濇潵鍚彂骞煎効鍥炲繂鍜屽鎵捐瘲鏂囩殑缁撴瀯銆傜粨鏋勫憟鐜板嚭鏉ュ悗锛屾暀甯堝紩瀵煎辜鍎胯瀵熷苟鎻愬彇鍑洪噸澶嶅彞瀛愮粨鏋勭殑鍏卞悓鐐癸紝杩涜�岀敤鏂囧瓧鎴栧浘绀鸿〃鐜拌瘲鏂囩殑缁撴瀯銆傚鍦ㄣ�婃槬闆ㄧ殑鑹插僵銆嬩腑锛屾墍鏈夊彞瀛愮粨鏋勯兘鍛堢幇鍑烘潵鍚庯紝鏁欏笀鍙棶鈥滃皬鏈嬪弸浠彂鐜颁簡鍚楋紵灏忛笩浠鑷繁鐞嗙敱鐨勬椂鍊欙紝閮芥槸鍏堣浠�涔堬紵鍐嶈浠�涔堢殑锛熲�濇暀甯堝湪骞煎効瑙傚療銆佸洖绛旂殑鍩虹涓婏紝鐢ㄥ浘绀烘妸鈥滈鑹层�佸湴鐐广�佹鐗╁悕绉般�侀鑹测�濇爣绀哄嚭鏉ワ紝渚嬪锛屽皬楦熶滑閮芥槸鐢ㄢ�滄槬闆ㄦ槸脳鑹茬殑銆備綘浠灖锛佹槬闆楀湪脳脳涓婏紝脳脳脳浜嗭紒鏄ラ洦脳鍦椕椾笂锛屆椕椾篃脳浜嗏�濊繖鏍蜂竴涓彞寮忕粨鏋勬潵杩涜琛ㄨ揪鐨勶紝骞煎効浠跨紪鐨勬敮鏋跺氨寤虹珛璧锋潵浜嗐��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 甯姪骞煎効鎵惧埌璇楁枃鐨勭粨鏋勬槸鍚庢湡浠跨紪鐨勫熀纭�锛屼絾鍦ㄦ暀瀛﹁繃绋嬩腑瑕佹敞鎰忥細涓�鏄紦鍔便�佸紩瀵煎辜鍎胯皟鍔ㄨ嚜宸辩殑鍥炲繂鏉ュ厖鍒嗚〃杈撅紝鍒囧繉鏁欏笀涓嶆柇閲嶅鐢氳嚦璁╁辜鍎胯窡璇汇�備簩鏄浘绀虹殑浣跨敤瑕佹竻鏅版槑纭紝骞煎効鐪嬪埌鍥剧ず灏辫兘褰掔撼鍑鸿嚜宸辩殑鎬濊矾鍜岃瑷�銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e095">3.榧撳姳骞煎効渚濇嵁鈥滅粨鏋勨�濇兂璞″拰琛ㄨ揪</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄤ豢缂栬繃绋嬩腑锛屾暀甯堣婵�鍙戝辜鍎胯繘琛屽厖鍒嗘兂璞★紝骞跺府鍔╁辜鍎挎暣鐞嗘兂璞★紝杩愮敤鏂囧鍖栫殑璇█琛ㄨ堪鍑烘潵銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀鍙互鎻愰棶鈥滀綘瑙夊緱鏄ラ洦杩樻槸浠�涔堥鑹茬殑锛熶负浠�涔堬紵鈥濊骞煎効鍏呭垎璁ㄨ鍜屽皾璇曡〃杈撅紝骞煎効鐨勮〃杩板線寰�鏄彛璇寲鐨勩�侀浂鏁ｇ殑锛岀户鑰岋紝鏁欏笀搴旇杩涗竴姝ラ紦鍔卞辜鍎匡紝渚嬪锛氣�滀綘鑳藉儚灏忛笩浠竴鏍凤紝涓�鍙ｆ皵鎶婅繖鍙ヨ瘽璇村畬鍚楋紵鈥濋�愭笎鍙戝睍骞煎効瀹屾暣鐨勬枃瀛﹁瑷�锛屼粠浠�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="97">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(97) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">214</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 缂栦竴鍙ユ笎娓愬彂灞曞埌鑳戒豢缂栧鍙ワ紝鐢氳嚦榧撳姳璇█鑳藉姏寮虹殑骞煎効杩涜鍒涚紪銆傚湪浠跨紪鐜妭锛屾暀甯堝簲璇ラ噰鐢ㄥ浘绀恒�佸浘鐗囩瓑杈呭姪鎵嬫鏀寔骞煎効琛ㄨ堪锛屾垨鍏堝紩瀵煎辜鍎挎妸鎯宠薄鐨勫唴瀹圭敾鍑烘潵锛屽啀鏍规嵁缁樼敾琛ㄨ堪銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e096">4.鏁寸悊骞朵氦娴佸涔犱豢缂栫殑璇楁枃</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄥ辜鍎夸豢缂栦箣鍚庯紝鏁欏笀鍙互榧撳姳骞煎効闅忕潃鍥剧墖銆佸浘绀鸿繘琛屽畬鏁磋璇伙紝鎴栬�呭皢骞煎効鎯宠薄鐨勭粯鐢讳綔鍝佹暣鐞嗗ソ锛岀敱骞煎効琛ㄨ堪锛屾暀甯堝湪缁樼敾鏃佽竟涔﹀啓鏂囧瓧锛屾暣鐞嗘垚涓�鍐岃瘲鏂囦功銆傚皢鑷埗璇楁枃涔︽姇鏀惧埌鍥句功鍖轰緵骞煎効闃呰鎴栬繘涓�姝ヤ豢缂栵紝杩欐牱鍙互婵�鍙戝辜鍎垮璇楁瓕鍒涗綔鐨勬祿鍘氬叴瓒ｅ拰鑷豹鎰熴��
+ </p>
+ <p>鍊煎緱娉ㄦ剰鐨勬槸锛岃瘲姝屼豢缂栧簲璇ヨ�冭檻骞煎効骞撮緞鍜岃瑷�鍙戝睍鐗圭偣銆�</p>
+ <p>涓�鑸�岃█锛屽浜庡皬鐝辜鍎匡紝鍙互鎹㈣瘝杩涜灞�閮ㄧ敾闈豢缂栥��</p>
+ <p>濡傘�婃槬椋庛�嬶紝鍘熻瘲鏄細</p>
+ <p class="block">鏄ラ涓�鍒紝</p>
+ <p class="block">鑺藉効钀屽彂锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">鍚圭豢浜嗘煶鏍戯紝</p>
+ <p class="block">鍚圭孩浜嗗北鑼躲��</p>
+ <p class="block"><br /></p>
+ <p class="block">鍚规潵浜嗙嚂瀛愶紝</p>
+ <p class="block">鍚归啋浜嗛潚铔欙紝</p>
+ <p class="block">鍚瑰緱灏忛洦杞昏交鍦颁笅锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">瀛╁瓙浠渤杈瑰幓绉嶇摐銆�</p>
+ <p>骞煎効鏇挎崲涓埆璇嶈浠跨紪锛屽锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">鏄ラ涓�鍒紝</p>
+ <p class="block">鑺藉効钀屽彂锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">鍚圭豢浜嗗皬鑽夛紝</p>
+ <p class="block">鍚圭孩浜嗘鑺便��</p>
+ <p class="block"><br /></p>
+ <p class="block">鍚规潵浜嗚澊铦讹紝</p>
+ <p class="block">鍚归啋浜嗛潚铔欙紝</p>
+ <p class="block">鍚瑰緱灏忛洦杞昏交鍦颁笅锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">瀛╁瓙浠渤杈瑰幓绉嶇摐銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 瀵逛簬涓彮骞煎効锛屽彲浠ユ浛鎹㈢郴鍒楄瘝璇繘琛屾暣浣撶敾闈豢缂栥�傚銆婂惞娉℃场銆嬶紝鍘熻瘲鏄細
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="98">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(98) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗洓绔� 骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">091</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p class="block">鏄熸槦鏄湀浜惞鍑虹殑娉℃场锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">闇茬彔鏄皬鑽夊惞鍑虹殑娉℃场锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">钁¤悇鏄棨鍎垮惞鍑虹殑娉℃场锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">鎴戝惞鍑虹殑娉℃场鏄竴棣栭鐨勬瓕璋ｏ紝</p>
+ <p class="block">鏄竴涓蹭覆娆㈢瑧銆�</p>
+ <p>骞煎効浠跨紪鍚庡彲浠ユ槸锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">澶槼鏄摑澶╁惞鍑虹殑娉℃场锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">娴姳鏄ぇ娴峰惞鍑虹殑娉℃场锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">鑻规灉鏄灉鏍戝惞鍑虹殑娉℃场锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">鎴戝惞鍑虹殑娉℃场鏄竴棣栭鐨勬瓕璋ｏ紝</p>
+ <p class="block">鏄竴涓蹭覆娆㈢瑧銆�</p>
+ <p>澶х彮骞煎効锛屽彲浠ヨ繘琛屾暣涓敾闈㈢殑浠跨紪銆傚鏈涘畨鐨勩�婃槬澶╁湪鍝噷銆嬶細</p>
+ <p class="block">鏄ュぉ鍦ㄥ摢閲屽憖锛熸槬澶╁湪鍝噷锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">鏄ュぉ鍦ㄩ偅灏忔湅鍙嬬殑鐪肩潧閲岋紝</p>
+ <p class="block">鐪嬭绾㈢殑鑺卞憖锛岀湅瑙佺豢鐨勮崏锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">杩樻湁閭ｄ細鍞辨瓕鐨勫皬榛勯箓锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">婊存播婊存播婊存播娌ワ紝</p>
+ <p class="block">杩樻湁閭ｄ細鍞辨瓕鐨勫皬榛勯箓锛�</p>
+ <p>骞煎効浠跨紪鍚庡彲浠ユ槸锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">鏄ュぉ鍦ㄥ摢閲屽憖锛熸槬澶╁湪鍝噷锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">鏄ュぉ鍦ㄩ偅灏忔湅鍙嬬殑鑰虫湹閲岋紝</p>
+ <p class="block">鍚楦藉瓙鍙憖锛屽惉瑙侀笩鍎垮暭锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">杩樻湁閭ｈ湝铚傚湪閲囪湝锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">婊存播婊存播婊存播娌ワ紝</p>
+ <p class="block">鏄ュぉ鍦ㄩ偅灏忔湅鍙嬬殑鑰虫湹閲岋紒</p>
+ <p>
+ 浣嗗湪鏁翠釜骞煎効闃舵锛屼豢缂栧墠鍚庤瘲姝岀殑鏁翠綋涓婚鍜屾儏鎰熷熀璋冨熀鏈病鏈夊彂鐢熷彉鍖栥��
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="99">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(99) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">092</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <div class="bk">
+ <div class="bk1">
+ <p><span class="bj2">骞煎効鍥暀甯堣祫鏍艰瘉鑰冭瘯路鐪熼鍐嶇幇</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-2">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="../../images/tb-1.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <b>2018骞翠笂鍗婂勾銆婁繚鏁欑煡璇嗕笌鑳藉姏銆嬫椿鍔ㄨ璁￠</b>
+ </p>
+ <p>璇峰洿缁曗�滄槬澶┾�濓紝涓哄ぇ鐝辜鍎胯璁′富棰樻椿鍔紝搴斿寘鎷�3涓瓙娲诲姩銆傝姹傦細</p>
+ <p>锛�1锛夊啓鍑轰富棰樻椿鍔ㄧ殑鎬荤洰鏍囥��</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 锛�2锛夐噰鐢ㄨ瘲姝屸�滄槬椋庘�濓紙瑙佹墍闄勮瘲姝岋級璁捐涓�涓叿浣撶殑璇█娲诲姩鏂规锛屽寘鎷椿鍔ㄧ殑鍚嶇О銆佺洰鏍囥�佸噯澶囧拰涓昏鐜妭銆�
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p>锛�3锛夊啓鍑哄彟澶栦袱涓瓙娲诲姩鐨勬瑕侊紝鍖呮嫭鍚嶇О銆佺洰鏍囥��</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p>闄勶細璇楁瓕銆婃槬椋庛��</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏄ラ涓�鍒�/鑺藉効钀屽彂/鍚圭豢浜嗘煶鏍�/鍚圭孩浜嗗北鑼�/鍚规潵浜嗙嚂瀛�/鍚归啋浜嗛潚铔�/鍚瑰緱灏忛洦杞昏交鍦颁笅锛屽瀛愪滑娌宠竟鍘荤鐡溿��
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ <h4 id="d073">锛堜笁锛夎瘲姝屻�佹暎鏂囨椿鍔ㄧ殑缁勭粐瑕佺偣</h4>
+ <h5 id="e097">1.骞煎効璇楁瓕銆佹暎鏂囨椿鍔ㄥ己璋冨辜鍎跨殑鍚鎰熷彈</h5>
+ <p>
+ 璇楁瓕鏁ｆ枃鏄�氳繃鎺掓瘮銆侀噸澶嶇殑鏂瑰紡甯姪骞煎効寤烘瀯璧锋兂璞＄殑绌洪棿锛岀敱浜庡辜鍎垮熀鏈笉璇嗗瓧锛屾墍浠ュ惉瑙夊氨鏄辜鍎垮舰鎴愭兂璞＄┖闂村拰鎰熷彈鎰忓缇庣殑涓昏閫斿緞锛屽湪鏁欏杩囩▼涓紝鏁欏笀涓昏閫氳繃鏈楄锛堟垨閰嶄箰鏈楄锛夈�佹挱鏀惧綍闊崇瓑鏂瑰紡鏉ュ疄鐜般�傜壒鍒彁鍊℃暀甯堣嚜宸遍厤涔愭湕璇电粰骞煎効鍚紝鏁欏笀涓嶄粎鍙互鑷富鎶婃彙鏈楄鐨勮妭濂忥紝杩樺彲浠ユ礊瀵熷辜鍎跨殑鍙嶅簲銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e098">2.娉ㄩ噸鐩稿叧鐭ヨ瘑缁忛獙鐨勭Н绱拰鑱旂粨</h5>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効瀛︿範涓昏渚濇嵁鐩存帴鐢熸椿缁忛獙鐨勭Н绱紝璇楁瓕鐞嗚В銆佹璧忋�佷豢缂栧垱缂栵紝閮芥潵婧愪簬骞煎効鐢熸椿缁忛獙骞跺皢杩欑缁忛獙鏂囧鍖栥�佷功闈㈣瑷�鍖栥�備緥濡傦紝鍦ㄦ椿鍔ㄤ箣鍒濓紝鏁欏笀閫氳繃澶氱鎵嬫寮曞骞煎効鍥炲繂鑷繁鐨勭敓娲荤粡楠岋紱鍦ㄦ椿鍔ㄤ腑锛岄�氳繃璇█銆佸姩浣溿�佸浘鐢荤瓑琛ㄧ幇鑷繁鐨勭粡楠屼笌鐞嗚В锛屽湪寤虹珛鑱旂粨涔嬪悗锛屾暀甯堝張闇�瑕佺敤鏂囧璇█琛ㄨ堪鑷繁鐨勭粡楠屼笌鎯宠薄锛涘湪鑾峰緱鏂囧璇█鐨勭粡楠屼箣鍚庯紝鍙堣寮曞骞煎効鐢ㄨ繖绉嶆枃瀛﹁瑷�鍘昏瀵熴�佹兂璞°�佽〃鐜拌嚜宸辩殑鐢熸椿缁忛獙銆備粠鑰岋紝瀹炵幇鏂囧鏉ユ簮浜庣敓娲诲張鍥炲綊鐢熸椿鐨勬湰鐪熴��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e099">3.閫氳繃澶氱鏂瑰紡琛ㄧ幇璇楁枃</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鐟炲悏娆ф暀鑲蹭綋绯荤殑鍒涘浜洪┈鎷夊彜鍏癸紙Loris
+ Malaguzzi锛夎鈥滃効绔ユ湁涓�鐧剧璇█鈥濓紝璁茶堪銆佸姩浣溿�佺粯鐢汇�佽〃婕斻�佹父鎴忕瓑閮芥槸骞煎効鍦ㄦ枃瀛︿綔鍝佹椿鍔ㄤ腑鐨勮瑷�锛屽辜鍎垮璇楁枃鐨勭悊瑙ｃ�佷豢缂栭渶瑕侀�氳繃澶氱閫斿緞琛ㄧ幇鍑烘潵銆傚湪鏁欏娲诲姩涔嬪悗锛屾暀甯堥渶瑕佷粠澶氱閫斿緞璇勪环骞煎効鐨勫涔犳晥鏋滐紝杩欏氨瑕佹眰鏁欏笀鍦ㄦ暀瀛︿腑缁欏辜鍎垮垱璁惧绉嶈〃鐜扮殑鏈轰細鍜岄�斿緞銆備笉浠呭湪璇█棰嗗煙锛岃繕鍦ㄧぞ浼氥�佽壓鏈�佺瀛︾瓑棰嗗煙琛ㄧ幇锛涗笉浠呭彲浠ュ湪鏌愪竴娲诲姩鍐呰〃鐜帮紝杩樺彲浠ュ湪鍚勭寤朵几娲诲姩涓〃鐜帮紝骞剁暀缁欏辜鍎垮箍闃旂殑鑹烘湳寤烘瀯绌洪棿銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="100">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(100) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗洓绔� 骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">93</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">鐩稿叧閾炬帴</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-5">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="../../images/tb-5.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <span class="zt-ls1"
+ >骞煎効鍥暎鏂囪瘲娆ｈ祻娲诲姩缁勭粐鍜屽疄鏂界殑璇尯<a id="w6"></a
+ ><a href="chapter004.html#m6"><sup>[6]</sup></a></span
+ >
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁ｆ枃璇椾笉浠呰兘甯︾粰骞煎効缇庣殑浜彈锛岃繕鑳介櫠鍐朵粬浠殑鎯呮搷锛岃骞煎効鍦ㄥ涔犳暎鏂囪瘲鍙欎簨銆佽浜恒�佺姸鐗╂垨鍐欐櫙鐨勬柟娉曚腑锛屾彁楂樿瑷�琛ㄨ揪鑳藉姏銆佹兂璞″姏銆佸垱閫犲姏绛夈�傗�︹�︿絾鐩墠骞煎効鍥暎鏂囪瘲娆ｈ祻娲诲姩鐨勭粍缁囧拰瀹炴柦鍦ㄥ辜鍎垮洯鏁欏涓瓨鍦ㄨ澶氳鍖猴紝涓昏琛ㄧ幇涓猴細灏嗘暎鏂囪瘲娆ｈ祻鍙樻垚浜嗕紶鎺堝拰璁粌鐨勮繃绋嬶紝骞煎効缂哄皯鍙備笌浣撻獙鍜岃幏寰楀缇庢剦鎮︾殑鏈轰細锛涘拷瑙嗘暎鏂囪瘲鐨勬剰澧冪編锛岀墖闈㈠己璋冨辜鍎跨殑璇讳笌鑳岋紝鎵兼潃骞煎効瀛︿範鐨勫叴瓒ｏ紱瀵规暎鏂囪瘲鐨勭粨鏋勭編杩欑琛ㄧ幇褰㈠紡瀛︿範銆佽繍琛岋紙浠跨紪鍜屽垱缂栵級鑳藉姏涓嶅閲嶈绛夈�傝鏀瑰彉杩欑鐜拌薄锛屽繀椤绘墡鏍逛簬鏁欒偛瀹炶返锛屼粠鎰熺煡鏁ｆ枃璇楃殑鑹烘湳璇銆佹暎鏂囪瘲鐨勮〃鐜扮壒鐐瑰嚭鍙戯紝鎻愮偧鍑烘暎鏂囪瘲娆ｈ祻娲诲姩鐨勬寚瀵肩瓥鐣ャ�傜瑪鑰呮牴鎹骞寸殑瀹炶返鎺㈢储锛屾�荤粨浜嗗绉嶆暀鑲叉寚瀵肩瓥鐣ワ紝鍖呮嫭缁煎悎杩愮敤闊冲儚娓叉煋銆佽偄浣撳姩浣溿�佸鎵惧浘鐗囥�佽鑹叉壆婕斻�佹兂璞¤縼绉汇�佸垱閫犺〃杈剧瓑锛屽紩瀵煎辜鍎挎繁鍏ユ劅鍙楁暎鏂囪瘲鐨勪紭缇庢剰澧冿紝鎰熺煡鏁ｆ枃璇楃殑鐗规畩鍐呭湪缁撴瀯锛屾兂璞＄敾闈㈡剰澧冿紝鏈�鍚庤骞煎効鍦ㄥ垱閫犱腑鑾峰緱鑳藉姏鐨勬彁鍗団�︹��
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk">
+ <div class="bk1">
+ <p><span class="bj2">缁冧竴缁�</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-4">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-2" alt="" src="../../images/tb-2.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 鏍规嵁鎵�鎺㈣鏁欏甯歌锛屼緷鎹暎鏂囪瘲銆婅惤鍙躲�嬭璁′竴浠芥暀瀛︽柟妗堬紝骞跺湪瀹炰範骞煎効鍥皾璇曠粍缁囧疄鏂斤紝娲诲姩鍚庤鎬濊�冿細浣犵粍缁囩殑娲诲姩鏄惁鏈夊姪浜庡辜鍎挎枃瀛﹁瑷�涓庢兂璞＄┖闂寸殑瀛︿範涓庡彂灞曪紵浣犵殑娲诲姩绛栫暐鏄惁鏈夋晥锛熷浣曚慨鏀癸紵
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="right">锛堟敞锛氳鍙傝�冩湰鑺傚悗闄勫綍涓殑銆婅惤鍙躲�嬶級</p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">娲诲姩妗堜緥4-4</span></p>
+ <div class="tp">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <b
+ >鏁ｆ枃璇楁璧忔椿鍔細銆婇〗鐨殑灏忛洦婊淬�嬶紙澶х彮锛�<a id="w7"></a
+ ><a href="chapter004.html#m7"><sup>[7]</sup></a></b
+ >
+ </p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩鐩爣锛�</b></p>
+ <p>1.瀛︿範娆ｈ祻璇楁瓕涓殑浼樼編璇彞锛屼綋楠岃瘲姝岀殑浼樼編鎰忓銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 2.閫氳繃瑙傜湅骞荤伅鐗囩敾闈紝鐞嗚В璇楁瓕鍐呭锛岀敤涓板瘜鐨勮瑷�琛ㄨ揪璇楁瓕鐨勬剰澧冦��
+ </p>
+ <p>3.鑳藉澶ц儐鎯宠薄锛岀画缂栬瘲姝岋紝鐞嗚В闆ㄦ按涓庣幆澧冨強浜轰滑鐢熸椿鐨勫叧绯汇��</p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩鍑嗗锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 鏉愭枡鍑嗗锛氬綍鏈夐洦鐐瑰０闊崇殑闊充箰銆佸綍闊虫満銆佸够鐏墖锛涒�滄粴鈥濃�滆烦鈥濃�滆功鈥濃�滄簠鈥濆瓧鍗°��
+ </p>
+ <p>缁忛獙鍑嗗锛氬辜鍎夸粩缁嗚瀵熻繃鐪熷疄鐨勯洦鏅紝瀵归洦鏈変竴瀹氱殑鎰熸�х粡楠屻��</p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="101">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(101) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">94</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p><b>娲诲姩杩囩▼锛�</b></p>
+ <p>涓�銆佸鍏�</p>
+ <p>
+ 甯堬細婊寸瓟锛屾淮绛旓紝涓嬪皬闆ㄥ暒锛佸皬鏈嬪弸锛屼綘浠枩娆笅闆ㄥ悧锛熶负浠�涔堬紵娣呮播娌ワ紝娣呮播娌ワ紝闆ㄦ淮濞冨▋绂诲紑浜嗕簯濡堝鐨勬��鎶憋紝涓�涓竴涓惤浜嗕笅鏉ワ紝瀹冧滑浼氳惤鍒板摢閲屽憿锛燂紙璇峰辜鍎跨粨浼磋繘琛岃璁猴紝瑕佹眰浠栦滑鐢ㄥ畬鏁寸殑璇█琛ㄨ揪鑷繁鐨勮鐐广�傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <b>鍒嗘瀽锛�</b
+ >鍥犱负骞煎効閮界湅杩囬洦锛屼负浜嗚皟鍔ㄥ辜鍎跨殑鍘熸湁缁忛獙锛屾暀甯堜互璋堣瘽鐨勬柟寮忚繘琛屽鍏ワ紝鍦ㄦ椿鍔ㄨ繘琛屼腑鍚屾椂鎾斁褰曟湁闆ㄧ偣澹伴煶鐨勯煶涔愶紝浣垮辜鍎挎湁韬复鍏跺鐨勬劅瑙夈��
+ </p>
+ <p>浜屻�佸辜鍎跨湅骞荤伅鐗囷紝鐞嗚В璇楁瓕鍐呭锛岀敤涓板瘜鐨勮瑷�琛ㄨ堪璇楁瓕鐨勬剰澧�</p>
+ <p>锛�1锛夋暀甯堝嚭绀哄浘涓�銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛堝浘涓�鐨勫唴瀹规槸灏忛洦婊存妸濡瑰鐨勪紴褰撴粦姊紝绔欎笉绋筹紝楠ㄧ楠ㄧ婊氫笅鏉ャ�傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀浠ユ彁闂殑褰㈠紡锛屽紩瀵煎辜鍎夸富鍔ㄨ瀵熺敾闈笂鐨勫唴瀹广�傗�滅湅锛屽皬闆ㄦ淮钀藉埌浜嗗摢閲岋紵浣犵湅瀹冨湪骞蹭粈涔堬紵鈥濆綋骞煎効鍏呭垎琛ㄨ揪鍚庯紝鏁欏笀鏈夋劅鎯呭湴鏈楄璇楁瓕绗竴娈靛苟鍑虹ず瀛楀崱鈥滄粴鈥濄�傚綋骞煎効鐞嗚В鍔ㄨ瘝鈥滄粴鈥濆悗锛岀户缁拷闂�滃皬闆ㄦ淮鏄�庝箞楠ㄧ楠ㄧ婊氫笅鏉ョ殑锛熶綘浼氱敤鍔ㄤ綔鏉ヨ〃绀哄悧锛熲�濊骞煎効鐢ㄨ偄浣撹瑷�杩涜琛ㄨ揪銆傛渶鍚庤骞煎効鑱旂郴鐢熸椿瀹為檯璁茶堪鈥滃皬闆ㄦ淮闄や簡鑳戒粠濡瑰鐨勪紴涓婃粴涓嬫潵锛屽畠杩樹細浠庡摢浜涘湴鏂规粴涓嬫潵鈥濄��
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�2锛夋暀甯堝嚭绀哄浘浜屻��</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛堝浘浜岀殑鍐呭鏄皬闆ㄦ淮鎶婃竻娓呯殑姹犲褰撹烦姘寸殑娓告吵姹狅紝绾佃韩涓�璺筹紝鍦ㄦ按闈㈢暀涓嬪湀鍦堟稛婕�傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀浠ユ彁闂殑褰㈠紡锛屽紩瀵煎辜鍎夸富鍔ㄨ瀵熺敾闈笂鐨勫唴瀹广�傗�滃皬闆ㄦ淮鍙堟潵鍒颁簡鍝噷锛熷畠鎶婃睜濉樺綋鎴愪簡浠�涔堬紵浼氬彂鐢熶粈涔堟儏鍐碉紵鈥濆綋骞煎効鍏呭垎琛ㄨ揪鍚庯紝鏁欏笀鏈夋劅鎯呭湴鏈楄璇楁瓕绗簩娈靛苟鍑虹ず瀛楀崱鈥滆烦鈥濄�傚綋骞煎効鐞嗚В鍔ㄨ瘝鈥滆烦鈥濆悗锛岃骞煎効鐢ㄨ偄浣撹瑷�杩涜琛ㄨ揪銆佹ā浠垮皬闆ㄦ淮鏄繖鏍疯烦杩涙睜濉樼殑锛屾渶鍚庤骞煎効鑱旂郴鐢熸椿瀹為檯璁茶堪鈥滆繕鏈夎皝浼氬儚灏忛洦婊翠竴鏍疯烦杩涙睜濉樷�濄��
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�3锛夋暀甯堝嚭绀哄浘涓夈��</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛堝浘涓夊唴瀹规槸灏忛洦婊村枩娆㈣翰鍦ㄨ矾杈圭殑鍦熷潙閲岋紝杞﹁疆纰捐繃锛屽畠椹笂韫﹀緱楂橀珮鐨勶紝婧呭緱璺汉涓�韬偿銆傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀浠ユ彁闂殑褰㈠紡锛屽紩瀵煎辜鍎夸富鍔ㄨ瀵熺敾闈笂鐨勫唴瀹广�傗�滃皬闆ㄦ淮鍙堟潵鍒颁簡鍝噷锛熶綘鑳芥壘鍒板畠鍚楋紵鈥濆綋骞煎効鍏呭垎琛ㄨ揪鍚庯紝鏁欏笀鏈夋劅鎯呭湴鏈楄璇楁瓕绗笁娈靛苟鍑虹ず瀛楀崱鈥滆功鈥濃�滄簠鈥濄�傚綋骞煎効鐞嗚В鍔ㄨ瘝鈥滆功鈥濃�滄簠鈥濅箣鍚庯紝缁х画杩介棶鈥滅幇鍦ㄥ皬闆ㄦ淮鐨勮〃鎯呮�庝箞鏍凤紵瀹冧负浠�涔堣繖涔堥珮鍏达紵鈥濊骞煎効缁撳悎鍚勮嚜鐨勭敓娲荤粡楠岋紝澶ц儐鎯宠薄銆佷氦娴併�傚綋骞煎効浜ゆ祦銆佸垎浜箣鍚庯紝鍐嶈浠栦滑鐢ㄨ韩浣撳姩浣滆〃婕斺�滆浜恒�佹苯杞﹀拰灏忛洦婊粹�濓紝璇峰辜鍎块�氳繃浜茶韩浣撻獙锛屾劅鍙楀皬闆ㄦ淮鐨勯〗鐨�佸彲鐖便�傗�滈櫎浜嗗皬闆ㄦ淮浼氭簠鍒版垜浠韩涓婏紝鐢熸椿涓繕鏈夊摢浜涗笢瑗夸細婧呭埌鎴戜滑韬笂锛熲�濊骞煎効鑱旂郴鐢熸椿瀹為檯澶ц儐琛ㄨ揪銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�4锛夋暀甯堝嚭绀哄浘鍥涖��</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛堝浘鍥涚殑鍐呭鏄皬闆ㄦ淮鍠滄鍦ㄦ煍鏌旂殑娌欐哗涓婃崏杩疯棌锛屼竴鐪ㄧ溂灏变笉瑙佷簡锛屽嵈鍌诲偦鍦�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="102">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(102) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗洓绔� 骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">095</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>鐣欎笅棰楅鑴氬嵃銆傦級</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀浠ユ彁闂殑褰㈠紡锛屽紩瀵煎辜鍎夸富鍔ㄨ瀵熺敾闈笂鐨勫唴瀹癸紝鈥滃搸鍛�锛佸皬闆ㄦ淮鍙堝拰灏忔湅鍙嬬帺璧锋崏杩疯棌鐨勬父鎴忥紝杩欐瀹冭翰鍒板摢閲屽幓浜嗭紵浣犺兘鎵惧埌瀹冨悧锛熲�濆綋骞煎効鍏呭垎琛ㄨ揪鍚庯紝鏁欏笀鏈夋劅鎯呭湴鏈楄璇楁瓕绗洓娈点��
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�5锛夊畬鏁存璧忚瘲姝屻��</p>
+ <p>
+ 鎻愰棶鈥滃惉浜嗚瘲姝岋紝浣犺寰楄繖鏄竴浜涗粈涔堟牱鐨勫皬闆ㄦ淮锛熲�濆綋骞煎効鍏呭垎琛ㄨ揪銆佽杩板悗锛屾暀甯堜互閫愬箙鍑虹ず骞荤伅鐗囩殑鏂瑰紡锛屽紩瀵煎辜鍎垮舰瀹瑰皬闆ㄦ淮锛岃杩拌嚜宸辩湅鍒扮殑鎯呮櫙锛屽苟鏍规嵁鐢婚潰鍐呭璁茶堪灏忛洦婊村埌浜嗗摢浜涘湴鏂广�傝繖涓暀瀛﹁繃绋嬭兘澶熷敜璧峰辜鍎垮姣忓箙鐢婚潰鐨勮蹇嗭紝鍔犳繁骞煎効瀵圭敾闈㈠唴瀹圭殑鐞嗚В銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <b>鍒嗘瀽锛�</b
+ >杩欐槸鏈娲诲姩鐨勯噸鐐归儴鍒嗭紝鏁欏笀鐢ㄩ�愭鏀炬槧骞荤伅鐗囩殑鏂瑰紡瀹屾垚鏁欏銆傚湪杩欎竴杩囩▼涓紝鏁欏笀閲囩敤鐩磋鏁欏娉曘�佽皥璇濇硶銆佽瀵熸璧忔硶浠ュ強璁茶堪娉曡繘琛屾暀瀛︼紝璇峰辜鍎夸粩缁嗚瀵熸瘡骞呯敾闈笂閮芥湁浠�涔堬紝璁╁辜鍎胯嚜鐢卞彂鎸ユ兂璞″姏銆傚辜鍎垮厖鍒嗐�佸ぇ鑳嗗湴鐢ㄨ瑷�琛ㄨ揪鐢婚潰涓婄殑鍐呭锛岀悊瑙ｈ瘲姝屼腑鐨勪紭缇庤鍙ワ紝鏇村ソ鍦颁綋浼氫綔鍝佺殑鎰忓锛屽彂鎸ュ彛璇〃杈捐兘鍔涖��
+ </p>
+ <p>涓夈�佸ぇ鑳嗘兂璞★紝缁紪璇楁瓕锛岀悊瑙ｉ洦姘翠笌鐜鍙婁汉浠敓娲荤殑鍏崇郴</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�1锛夊厛鎻愰棶锛岃骞煎効澶ц儐鎯宠薄锛岃杩扳�滃鏋滄垜鏄皬闆ㄦ淮锛屼細璺冲埌鍝噷鈥濓紝鍏呭垎璋冨姩骞煎効鐨勫師鏈夌敓娲荤粡楠岋紝寮曞骞煎効缁撳悎鍚勮嚜鐨勫疄闄呯敓娲昏繘琛屽畬鏁磋杩般��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�2锛夎拷闂�滃皬闆ㄦ淮杩樹細鍒板摢閲屽幓锛熷張鍋氫簡鍝簺璋冪毊鐨勪簨锛熲�濆彂鏁ｅ辜鍎挎�濈淮锛屽紩瀵煎辜鍎胯杩板緱鏇村叏闈紝鏇村畬鏁达紝鏇寸敓鍔ㄣ��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�3锛夊紩瀵煎辜鍎跨粨鍚堢敓娲讳腑鐨勭粡楠岀画缂栬瘲姝岋紝瑕佹眰骞煎効妯′豢璇楁瓕涓殑璇彞杩涜鍒涗綔锛屽灏忛洦婊磋惤鍦ㄧ绔夸笂锛屾妸濡堝鏅剧殑琛ｆ湇娣嬫箍浜嗭紱灏忛洦婊磋惤鍦ㄨ姳鏈典笂锛岃姳鏈垫洿婕備寒浜嗐��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�4锛夐�氳繃浜ゆ祦銆佸垎浜紝骞煎効鎰熷彈鍒扮画缂栬瘲姝岀殑涔愯叮锛屼篃鐞嗚В浜嗛洦姘翠笌鐜鍙婁汉浠敓娲荤殑鍏崇郴銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <b>鍒嗘瀽锛�</b
+ >杩欐槸鏈娲诲姩鐨勯毦鐐归儴鍒嗭紝鏁欏笀閫氳繃寮曞骞煎効瀵硅瘲姝屽洓閮ㄥ垎鐨勫垎鏋愭璧忥紝璁╁辜鍎跨画缂栬瘲姝屻�傚湪杩欎竴杩囩▼涓紝骞煎効缁撳悎鍚勮嚜鐨勭敓娲荤粡楠岃繘琛屽ぇ鑳嗘兂璞★紝缁紪鍑鸿澶氫笉鍚岀殑銆佷紭缇庣殑璇楁瓕銆�
+ </p>
+ <p><b>鏁欏笀鑷瘎锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 绾佃鏁翠釜娲诲姩锛岃繃绋嬩笌鐩爣涓�涓�瀵瑰簲锛屽悇鐜妭绱у瘑鑱旂郴銆佸眰灞傞�掕繘銆傛湰娆℃椿鍔ㄤ互鈥滃皬闆ㄦ淮鈥濊疮绌垮缁堬紝鍊熷姪褰曢煶涓庡够鐏墖鏁堟灉锛屼娇骞煎効鍏呭垎鐞嗚В璇楁瓕鍐呭锛屾劅鍙楄瘲姝岃〃杈剧殑璇█缇庛�佹剰澧冪編锛屼綋楠屽ぇ鑷劧鐨勭濂囥�傛暀甯堜互鎾斁褰曢煶鐨勬柟寮忓敜璧峰辜鍎跨殑鍘熸湁鐢熸椿缁忛獙锛屽皢鍏惰嚜鐒跺甫鍏ヤ笅闆ㄧ殑鎯呭锛屼负鎺ヤ笅鏉ョ殑璇楁瓕娆ｈ祻銆佺悊瑙ｅ仛浜嗗緢濂界殑閾哄灚銆傚够鐏墖銆佸浘鐗囩殑杩愮敤鐩磋銆佹湁鏁堝湴甯姪骞煎効鐞嗚В璇楁瓕鎵�琛ㄨ揪鐨勫唴瀹广��
+ </p>
+ <p><b>闄勬暎鏂囪瘲锛氥�婇〗鐨殑灏忛洦婊淬�嬶紙浣滆�咃細閲戝缓姘戯級</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 娣呮播娌ワ紝娣呮播娌ワ紝椤界毊鐨勯洦婊村▋濞冪寮�浜嗕簯濡堝鐨勬��鎶憋紝涓�涓釜璺冲埌浜嗘爲涓婏紝
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="103">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(103) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">096</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>钀藉埌浜嗗眿椤朵笂锛屾尋杩涗簡鑽変笡閲屻��</p>
+ <p>瀹冩妸濡瑰鐨勪紴褰撴粦姊紝绔欎笉绋筹紝楠ㄧ楠ㄧ婊氫笅鏉ャ��</p>
+ <p>瀹冩妸娓呮竻鐨勬睜濉樺綋璺虫按鐨勬父娉虫睜锛岀旱韬竴璺筹紝鍦ㄦ按闈笂鐣欎笅鍦堝湀娑熸吉銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 瀹冨枩娆㈣翰鍦ㄨ矾杈圭殑鍦熷潙閲岋紝杞﹁疆纰捐繃锛屽畠椹笂韫﹀緱楂橀珮鐨勶紝婧呭緱璺汉涓�韬偿銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 瀹冨枩娆㈠湪鏌旀煍鐨勬矙婊╀笂鎹夎糠钘忥紝涓�鐪ㄧ溂灏变笉瑙佷簡锛屽嵈鍌诲偦鍦扮暀涓嬮棰楄剼鍗般��
+ </p>
+ <p>娣呮播娌ワ紝娣呮播娌ワ紝椤界毊鐨勫皬闆ㄦ淮鍞辩潃姝屽効鍙堜笉鐭ヨ翰鍒板摢閲屽幓浜嗐��</p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">娲诲姩妗堜緥4-5</span></p>
+ <div class="tp">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <b
+ >璇楄瘝璧忔瀽銆婅澏鎭嬭姳路鏄ユ櫙銆嬭妭閫� 锛堝ぇ鐝級<a id="w8"></a
+ ><a href="chapter004.html#m8"><sup>[8]</sup></a></b
+ >
+ </p>
+ <p><b>浣滃搧鍒嗘瀽锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 銆婅澏鎭嬭姳路鏄ユ櫙銆嬫槸鍖楀畫鏂囧瀹惰嫃杞煎垱浣滅殑涓�棣栬瘝锛岃櫧鐒惰繖棣栬瘝鏄嫃杞肩殑浼ゆ槬涔嬩綔锛屼絾鏄瘝闈㈡竻鏂扮涓斤紝鐢婚潰鎰熸瀬寮猴紝姣忓彞鎴愮敾锛屾瘡璇嶄篃鎴愮敾銆傛牴鎹�滆瘲鏄棤褰㈢敾锛岀敾鏄湁褰㈣瘲鈥濅互鍙婂辜鍎跨敤鍥剧敾璁板繂鐨勫勾榫勭壒鐐癸紝寮�灞曡瘲鎯呯敾鎰忔暀瀛︽椿鍔ㄣ�傛椿鍔ㄤ互骞煎効鍊惧惉涓轰富锛屾縺鍙戝辜鍎垮璇楄瘝鐨勫叴瓒ｏ紝閫氳繃璇楅厤鐢诲拰鐢婚厤璇楀紩瀵煎辜鍎垮璇楄瘝鐨勬劅鐭ヤ笌鐞嗚В锛屽苟鎰挎剰鐢ㄥ浘鐢绘垨绗﹀彿璁板綍璇楄瘝銆�
+ </p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩鐩爣锛�</b></p>
+ <p>1.閫氳繃鍊惧惉锛屾劅鐭ャ�婅澏鎭嬭姳路鏄ユ櫙銆嬬殑鍐呭銆�</p>
+ <p>2.閫氳繃鍥剧敾鐞嗚В璇楄瘝鐨勫唴瀹癸紝鎰熷彈銆婅澏鎭嬭姳路鏄ユ櫙銆嬬殑鎰忓銆�</p>
+ <p>3.浣撲細鐢诲浘璁板綍鐨勬柟娉曪紝鍩瑰吇骞煎効瀵硅瘲璇嶇殑鍏磋叮銆�</p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩鍑嗗锛�</b></p>
+ <p>銆婅澏鎭嬭姳路鏄ユ櫙銆嬪姩鐢伙紝PPT锛孉5灏哄鐗涚毊绾革紝姘村僵绗斻��</p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩杩囩▼锛�</b></p>
+ <p>瀵煎叆娲诲姩锛�</p>
+ <p>鏁欏笀锛氬皬鏈嬪弸浠紝浣犱滑浼氳儗璇靛彜璇楀悧锛�</p>
+ <p>銆�浼氳儗璇垫湁鍏虫槬澶╃殑鍙よ瘲鍚楋紵</p>
+ <p>涓�銆佽亞鍚瘲闊�</p>
+ <p>鏁欏笀锛氫粖澶╋紝鑰佸笀涔熺粰灏忔湅鍙嬩滑甯︽潵涓�棣栧ソ鍚殑璇楄瘝銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�1锛夎骞煎効鍜岃�佸笀涓�璧烽潤闈欏湴鑱嗗惉銆婅澏鎭嬭姳路鏄ユ櫙銆嬶紙PPT鎾斁锛屾湁浼村鏁欏笀褰曢煶锛夈��
+ </p>
+ <p>鎻愰棶锛氫綘鍚埌浜嗕粈涔堬紵</p>
+ <p>锛�2锛夊甫鐫�闂鍐嶆鑱嗗惉銆婅澏鎭嬭姳路鏄ユ櫙銆嬶紙鏈変即濂忔暀甯堝綍闊筹級銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氬ぇ鐝殑瀛╁瓙锛岃�虫湹瑕佹瘮鍢村反鐏点�傛垜浠啀鍚竴娆★紝鐪嬬湅璋佸惉鍒扮殑璇嶅彞鏇村锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�3锛夌涓夋鑱嗗惉銆婅澏鎭嬭姳路鏄ユ櫙銆嬶紙鏈変即濂忔暀甯堝綍闊筹級銆�</p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="104">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(104) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗洓绔� 骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">097</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氬ぇ鐝殑瀛╁瓙锛岄櫎浜嗚�虫湹鐏碉紝杩樿璁版�уソ銆傝繖娆★紝鐪嬬湅璋佽兘鍚嚭瀹屾暣鐨勮瘝鍙ャ��
+ </p>
+ <p>浜屻�佽瘲鐢诲悓鏇�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氬ぇ鐝殑瀛╁瓙锛岃�虫湹鐏碉紝璁版�уソ锛岃繕瑕佺溂鐫涗寒銆傛帴涓嬫潵锛岃灏忔湅鍙嬪惉璇嶅彞锛岀湅鍥剧敾銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�1锛夊紩瀵煎辜鍎块�愬彞鍚�傛挱鏀剧涓�鍙ワ紙鏃犱即濂忔暀甯堝綍闊斥�斺�旇姳瑜畫绾㈤潚鏉忓皬锛夛紝鏁欏笀鎻愰棶锛氣�滀綘鍚埌浜嗕粈涔堬紵鈥�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 娆ｈ祻PPT鈥斺�旇姳瑜畫绾㈤潚鏉忓皬銆傝姳瑜�斺�旇姳鐡ｈ惤涓嬫潵锛涙畫绾⑩�斺�旇繕鏈夎姳鐡ｇ暀鍦ㄦ爲鏋濅笂锛涢潚鏉忓皬鈥斺�旀爲涓婇暱鍑轰簡灏忛潚鏉忋��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�2锛夋挱鏀剧浜屽彞锛堟棤浼村鏁欏笀褰曢煶鈥斺�旂嚂瀛愰鏃讹紝缁挎按浜哄缁曪級锛屾暀甯堟彁闂細鈥滃惉鍒颁簡浠�涔堬紵鈥�
+ </p>
+ <p>娆ｈ祻PPT鈥斺�旂嚂瀛愰鏃讹紝缁挎按浜哄缁曘�傜嚂瀛愰鏃讹紝缁挎按缁曠潃浜哄娴佸姩銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�3锛夋挱鏀剧涓夊彞锛堟棤浼村鏁欏笀褰曢煶鈥斺�旀灊涓婃煶缁靛惞鍙堝皯锛夛紝鏁欏笀鎻愰棶锛氣�滀綘鍚埌浜嗕粈涔堬紵鈥�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 娆ｈ祻PPT鈥斺�旀灊涓婃煶缁靛惞鍙堝皯銆傛灊涓婃煶缁碘�斺�旀煶鏍戜笂鍍忔鑺变竴鏍风殑鏌崇诞锛涘惞鍙堝皯鈥斺�旇椋庡惞鏁ｃ��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�4锛夋挱鏀剧鍥涘彞锛堟棤浼村鏁欏笀褰曢煶鈥斺�斿ぉ娑綍澶勬棤鑺宠崏锛夛紝鏁欏笀鎻愰棶锛氣�滀綘鍚埌浜嗕粈涔堬紵鈥�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 娆ｈ祻PPT鈥斺�斿ぉ娑綍澶勬棤鑺宠崏锛佸ぉ娑綍澶勨�斺�斾笘鐣岀殑瑙掕钀借惤锛涙棤鑺宠崏鈥斺�斿摢閲屾病鏈夊紑鑺辩殑鑽夊憿锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 杩欎竴鐜妭浠ュ浘鐗囥�佸姩鐢诲舰寮忓睍鐜拌瘲璇嶉噷鐨勫瓧鍙ワ紝寮曞骞煎効杈瑰惉杈圭悊瑙ｏ紝鍔犳繁瀵硅瘲璇嶇殑璁板繂銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>涓夈�佺敾璇楀悓姝�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氬師鏉ヤ竴棣栦紭缇庣殑璇楄瘝杩樺彲浠ラ厤涓婁竴骞呬紭缇庣殑鍥剧敾鍟婏紒鍒氭墠灏忔湅鍙嬪惉璇楃湅鐢伙紝鐜板湪鑰佸笀瑕佽�冧竴鑰冨皬鏈嬪弸锛屼綘鑳界湅鍥剧敾璇磋瘝鍙ュ悧锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 娆ｈ祻銆婅澏鎭嬭姳路鏄ユ櫙銆婸PT锛屾瘡娆ｈ祻瀹屼竴缁勫浘鐢诲氨寮曞骞煎効璇磋瘝鍙ワ紝鍙互涓�鍚嶅辜鍎胯锛屼篃鍙互鍑犲悕骞煎効涓�璧疯銆傞�氳繃閫愬彞娆ｈ祻锛屽鍔犲辜鍎垮璇楄瘝鐨勮蹇嗐��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鎻愬崌骞煎効鑳藉姏鐜妭銆傛暀甯堝嚭绀恒�婅澏鎭嬭姳路鏄ユ櫙銆嬪唴瀹瑰畬鏁寸増PPT锛屽紩瀵煎辜鍎夸互灏忕粍姣旇禌鐨勫舰寮忕湅瀹屾暣鐢婚潰锛屾湕璇佃瘲璇嶃��
+ </p>
+ <p>鍥涖�佺敾鍥捐褰�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氣�滀綘鐭ラ亾銆婅澏鎭嬭姳路鏄ユ櫙銆嬫弿鍐欑殑鏄摢涓鑺傜殑鏅壊鍚楋紵鈥濃�滀綘鎬庝箞鐭ラ亾鐨勶紵鈥濊瘲浜虹敤绠�缁冪殑璇█鎶婃槬澶╃殑缇庢櫙鎻忕粯鍑烘潵锛屼綘鑳芥妸鑴戞捣涓殑銆婅澏鎭嬭姳路鏄ユ櫙銆嬪湪鐢荤焊涓婄敾鍑烘潵鍚楋紵杩欐牱浣犲氨鍙互鐪嬬潃鑷繁鐨勭敾鏉ユ湕璇佃繖棣栬瘲璇嶄簡锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀寮曞骞煎効浠ョ粯鐢荤殑鏂瑰紡璁板綍銆婅澏鎭嬭姳路鏄ユ櫙銆嬨�傦紙骞煎効鍚庨潰鐨勬瀛愪笂鎽嗘斁濂界墰鐨焊鍜屽僵绗旓紝鎾斁璁剧疆涓哄彜绛濇洸锛岀儤鎵樻皼鍥淬�傦級
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="105">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(105) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">098</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>浜斻�佸�氱敾榻愯</p>
+ <p>骞煎効鍙傜収鑷繁鐨勫浘鐢伙紝绔欏湪鍙板墠鏈楄銆婅澏鎭嬭姳路鏄ユ櫙銆嬨��</p>
+ <p>
+ 缁撴潫璇細缁樼敾鏄褰曡瘲璇嶇殑濂芥柟娉曪紝鍙互甯姪灏忔湅鍙嬩滑璁板繂璇楄瘝銆備粖澶╃殑璇楄瘝璧忔瀽娲诲姩鍒版缁撴潫锛岃阿璋㈠皬鏈嬪弸鐨勭簿褰╁睍绀恒��
+ </p>
+
+ <div class="videoBox">
+ <div class="videoItem">
+ <video
+ :src="videoUrl.v40"
+ webkit-playsinline="true"
+ x-webkit-airplay="true"
+ playsinline="true"
+ x5-video-orientation="h5"
+ x5-video-player-fullscreen="true"
+ x5-playsinline=""
+ controls
+ class="video-border w100"
+ ></video>
+ <div class="vname">{{ videoMd5.v40.name }}</div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩寤朵几锛�</b></p>
+ <p>浠ョ粯鐢荤殑鏂瑰紡璁板綍璇楄瘝銆�</p>
+ <p>闄勮瘲璇嶏細</p>
+ <p class="center">銆婅澏鎭嬭姳路鏄ユ櫙銆嬭妭閫�</p>
+ <p class="center">锛堝畫锛夎嫃杞�</p>
+ <p>銆�銆�鑺辫お娈嬬孩闈掓潖灏忋�傜嚂瀛愰鏃讹紝缁挎按浜哄缁曘��</p>
+ <p>銆�銆�鏋濅笂鏌崇坏鍚瑰張灏戯紝澶╂动浣曞鏃犺姵鑽夛紒</p>
+ <p>
+ <img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb-8.png" /><span
+ class="zt-ls"
+ >闄勶細閮ㄥ垎鍎挎瓕銆佸効绔ヨ瘲銆佸辜鍎挎暎鏂�</span
+ >
+ </p>
+ <p class="center"><b>灏忔邯锛堣櫈杩愭潵锛�</b></p>
+ <p>鍐ぉ/灏忔邯缁撳啺/浜櫠鏅�/浜櫠鏅�/鏄ュぉ/灏忔邯寮圭惔/鍙彯鍙�/鍙彯鍙紒</p>
+ <p class="center"><b>鎺掓帓鍧愶紙浣氬悕锛�</b></p>
+ <p>鎺掓帓鍧愶紝鍚冩灉鏋�/骞煎効鍥噷鏈嬪弸澶�/浣犱竴涓紝鎴戜竴涓�/濡瑰鐫′簡鐣欎竴涓��</p>
+ <p class="center"><b>灏忕尗鍜紙浣氬悕锛�</b></p>
+ <p>灏忕尗鍜紝鐖辨鑺�/涓�璺蛋锛屼竴璺敾/鏈垫湹姊呰姳寮�鍦ㄥ畠鑴氫笅銆�</p>
+ <p class="center"><b>浜旀寚姝岋紙浣氬悕锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 涓�浜屼笁鍥涗簲/涓婂北鎵撹�佽檸/鑰佽檸娌℃墦鍒�/鎵撳埌灏忔澗榧�/鏉鹃紶鏈夊嚑鍙�/璁╂垜鏁颁竴鏁�/鏁版潵鍙堟暟鍘�/涓�浜屼笁鍥涗簲銆�
+ </p>
+ <p class="center"><b>澶槼鍏叕锛堥瞾鍏碉級</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 澶槼鍏叕璧峰緱鏃�/浠栨�曞疂瀹濈潯鎳掕/鐖笂绐楀彛鐬т竴鐬�/鍜︼紝瀹濆疂涓嶈浜�/瀹濆疂姝ｅ湪闄㈠瓙閲�/涓�浜屼笁鍥涘仛鏃╂搷/澶槼鍏叕鐪湳绗�/瀹濆疂鏄釜濂藉疂瀹濓紒
+ </p>
+ <p class="center"><b>澶х毊闉嬶紙闄堝鍗庯級</b></p>
+ <p>灏忓紵寮�/鐪熷ソ绗�/鐖哥埜鐨勫ぇ鐨瀷鑴氫笂濂�/鐨瀷澶�/鑴氭澘灏�/璧拌捣璺潵鍍忓Д濮ャ��</p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="106">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(106) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗洓绔� 骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">099</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p class="center"><b>鎽囩锛堥粍搴嗕簯锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 钃濆ぉ鏄憞绡�/鎽囩潃鏄熷疂瀹�/鐧戒簯杞昏交椋�/鏄熷疂瀹濈潯鐫�浜�/澶ф捣鏄憞绡�/鎽囩潃楸煎疂瀹�/娴姳杞昏交缈�/楸煎疂瀹濈潯鐫�浜�/鑺卞洯鏄憞绡�/鎽囩潃鑺卞疂瀹�/椋庡効杞昏交鍚�/鑺卞疂瀹濈潯鐫�浜�/濡堝鐨勬墜鏄憞绡�/鎽囩潃灏忓疂瀹�/姝屽効杞昏交鍞�/瀹濆疂鐫＄潃浜嗐��
+ </p>
+ <p class="center"><b>钂插叕鑻憋紙寮犵鐢燂級</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 涓�妫佃挷鍏嫳/涓�缇ゅ皬浼炲叺/椋庡効鍚癸紝椋樺晩椋�/涓�钀借惤鍦ㄩ潚鑽夊潽/闃冲厜鐓э紝闆ㄦ按娣�/闀垮嚭涓�鐗囪挷鍏嫳銆�
+ </p>
+ <p class="center"><b>鐗电墰鑺辨壘鏈嬪弸锛堣枦鍗皯锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 鐗电墰鑺�/涓嶇壍鐗�/鐗电潃鑺卞効鐖澶�/鐗电墰鑺�/涓滃璧�/鍘诲拰璞嗚鎷夋媺鎵�/鐗电墰鑺�/瑗垮璧�/鍘诲拰钁姦纰扮澶�/涓滃璧�/瑗垮璧�/鐗电墰鑺卞効鎵炬湅鍙嬨��
+ </p>
+ <p class="center"><b>杞昏交璺筹紙閮戞槬鍗庯級</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 灏忓厰锛屽皬鍏�/杞昏交璺�/灏忕嫍锛屽皬鐙�/鎱㈡參璺�/瑕佹槸韪╃柤灏忛潚鑽�/鎴戝氨涓嶈窡浣犱滑濂斤紒
+ </p>
+ <p class="center"><b>鎴戠殑灏忛紦鍝嶅挌鍜氾紙鍒樼嚂鍙婏級</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 鎴戠殑灏忛紦鍝嶅挌鍜�/鎴戣璇濆効瀹冮兘鎳�/鎴戣灏忛紦鍝嶄笁澹�/鎴戠殑灏忛紦/鈥滃挌锛屽挌锛屽挌锛佲��/鍝庡摕鍝�/杩欎笉琛�/濡瑰鐫″湪灏忓簥涓�/鎴戣灏忛紦鍒搷浜�/灏忛紦璇村０/鈥滄噦锛屾噦锛屾噦锛佲��
+ </p>
+ <p class="center"><b>灏忕唺杩囨ˉ锛堣拫搴旀锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 灏忕妗ワ紝鎽囨憞鎽�/鏈夊彧灏忕唺鏉ヨ繃妗�/绔嬩笉绋筹紝绔欎笉鐗�/璧板埌妗ヤ笂蹇冧贡璺�/澶翠笂涔岄甫鍝囧搰鍙�/妗ヤ笅娴佹按鍝楀摋绗�/鈥滃濡堬紝濡堝锛屽揩鏉ュ憖/蹇妸灏忕唺鎶辫繃妗モ��/娌抽噷椴ら奔璺冲嚭姘�/瀵圭潃灏忕唺楂樺０鍙�/鈥滃皬鐔婏紝灏忕唺锛屼笉瑕佹��/鐪肩潧鍚戠潃鍓嶉潰鐬р��/涓�浜屼笁锛岃蛋杩囨ˉ/灏忕唺杩囨ˉ鍥炲ご绗�/椴ら奔涔愬緱灏惧反鎽囥��
+ </p>
+ <p class="center"><b>灏忓紵鍜屽皬鐚紙鏌博锛�</b></p>
+ <p>鎴戝鏈変釜灏忓紵寮�/鑱槑鍙堟窐姘�/姣忓ぉ鐖珮鍙堢埇浣�/婊″ご婊¤劯閮芥槸娉ャ��</p>
+ <p>
+ 濡堝鍙粬鏉ユ礂婢�/瑁呮病鍚浠栧氨璺�/鐖哥埜鎷块暅瀛愭妸浠栫収/浠栭棴涓婄溂鐫涘挴鍜湴绗戙��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 濮愬鎶辨潵灏忚姳鐚�/鎷嶆媿鐖瓙鑸旇垟姣�/涓ょ溂涓�鐪�滃柕锛屽柕锛屽柕/璋佽窡鎴戠帺锛熻皝鎶婃垜鎶憋紵鈥�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 寮熷紵浼稿嚭灏忛粦鎵�/灏忕尗杩炲繖寰�鍚庤烦/鑳″瓙涓�鎾呭ご涓�鎽�/鈥滀笉濡欎笉濡欙紒澶剰澶剰鎴戜笉瑕侊紒鈥�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 濮愬鍚鍝堝搱绗�/鐖哥埜濡堝鐨辩湁姣�/灏忓紵鍚簡鐪熷鑷�/鈥滃锛佸锛佸揩蹇粰鎴戞礂涓尽锛佲��
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="107">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(107) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">100</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p class="center"><b>涓嬪反涓婄殑娲炴礊锛堥瞾鍏碉級</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 浠庡墠/鏈変釜濂囨�殑濞冨▋/濞冨▋/鏈変釜濂囨�殑涓嬪反/涓嬪反/鏈変釜濂囨�殑娲炴礊/娲炴礊/璋佺煡閬撳畠鏈夊澶�/鐬т粬/涓�杈归キ寰�鍢撮噷鍒�/涓�杈�/浠庨偅娲炴礊寰�涓嬫拻/濡傛灉/楗鏄湡鍦�/濡傛灉/楗矑浼氬彂鑺�/閭ｄ箞/涓�澶╀笁椁愰キ/浠栧憖/椁愰绉嶅簞绋�/鍙儨/鍟ヤ篃娌℃湁绉嶅嚭鏉�/鍙槸/绮鐧界櫧琚碂韫�/浣犱滑/鍚簡杩欑瑧璇�/閮借/鎽镐竴鎽镐笅宸�/瑕佹槸/涔熸湁涓礊娲�/閭ｅ氨/璧跺揩濉炰綇瀹冦��
+ </p>
+ <p class="center"><b>绁炲鐨勫瓧锛堟煰宀╋級</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 浣犵煡閬撳悧锛屼綘鐭ラ亾鍚楋紵灏忔湅鍙嬶紝涓栫晫涓婃湁浜涘瓧涓囧垎绁炲锛屽彧瑕佷綘鍜屽畠浠氦涓婁簡鏈嬪弸锛屼綘鐨勭敓娲诲氨浼氬彉寰楀緢缇庝附銆傚亣濡備綘鍦ㄨ涓婄鍊掍簡涓�浣嶅皬濮戝锛屽ス浼氱珛鍒诲ぇ澹板摥娉ｃ�傚彧瑕佷綘鍦ㄥス鐨勮�宠竟璇村嚭閭ｄ簺绁炲鐨勫瓧锛屽皬濮戝浼氬井绗戠潃浠庡湴涓婄埇璧枫�傚亣濡備綘鍦ㄥ叕鍏卞満鎵�鎸ゆ挒浜嗕汉锛屼綘璇曡瘯鎶婅繖浜涚濂囩殑瀛楄鍑哄彛鍘伙紱鍙斿彅浠細绔嬪埢鍥炵瓟锛氣�滃搸锛佷笉瑕佺揣锛屼笉瑕佺揣銆傗�濋樋濮ㄤ滑浼氱珛鍒诲洖绛旓細鈥滃摝锛佹病鍏崇郴锛屾病鍏崇郴銆傗�濅綘涓嶇浉淇★紝涓嶇浉淇″悧锛熷皬鏈嬪弸锛岀湅锛屼綘鐨勭溂閲屽厖婊′簡鐚滅枒銆傚叾瀹炲畠浠槸鍑犱釜鏅�氱殑瀛楋紝瀹冧滑鏄細璇凤紝璋㈣阿锛屽涓嶈捣銆傚鏋滆鏃跺啀甯︿笂鍙埍鐨勫井绗戯紝閭ｄ汉浠氨浼氬彉寰楀崄鍒嗕翰瀵嗐�傝锛岃锛岃锛佽阿璋紝璋㈣阿鈥斺�斿涓嶈捣锛屽鈥斾笉鈥旇捣锛�
+ </p>
+ <p class="center"><b>钀藉彾锛堜綒鍚嶏級</b></p>
+ <p>绉嬮璧蜂簡锛屽ぉ姘斿噳浜嗭紝涓�鐗囩墖鐨勬爲鍙朵粠鏍戜笂椋樿惤涓嬫潵銆�</p>
+ <p>鏍戝彾钀藉湪鍦颁笂锛屽皬铏埇杩囨潵锛岃汉鍦ㄩ噷闈紝鎶婂畠褰撲綔灞嬪瓙銆�</p>
+ <p>鏍戝彾钀藉湪娌熼噷锛岃殏铓佺埇杩囨潵锛屽潗鍦ㄤ笂闈紝鎶婂畠褰撲綔灏忚埞銆�</p>
+ <p>鏍戝彾钀藉湪娌抽噷锛屽皬楸兼父杩囨潵锛岃棌鍦ㄤ笅闈紝鎶婂畠褰撲綔灏忎紴銆�</p>
+ <p>鏍戝彾钀藉埌闄㈠瓙閲岋紝灏忕嚂瀛愮湅瑙佷簡璇达細鈥滄潵淇′簡锛屽偓鎴戜滑蹇埌鍗楁柟鍘汇�傗��</p>
+ <p class="center"><b>鍜忛箙锛堥獑瀹剧帇锛�</b></p>
+ <p>楣咃紝楣咃紝楣咃紝鏇查」鍚戝ぉ姝屻�傜櫧姣涙诞缁挎按锛岀孩鎺屾嫧娓呮尝銆�</p>
+ <p class="center"><b>鏄ユ檽锛堝瓱娴╃劧锛�</b></p>
+ <p>鏄ョ湢涓嶈鏅擄紝澶勫闂诲暭楦熴�傚鏉ラ闆ㄥ０锛岃姳钀界煡澶氬皯锛�</p>
+ <p class="center"><b>鎮啘锛堟潕缁咃級</b></p>
+ <p>閿勭鏃ュ綋鍗堬紝姹楁淮绂句笅鍦熴�傝皝鐭ョ洏涓锛岀矑绮掔殕杈涜嫤銆�</p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="108">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(108) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗洓绔� 骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">101</li>
+ </ul>
<div class="bodystyle">
<h2 id="b012">绗洓鑺傘��骞煎効璋滆銆佺粫鍙ｄ护娲诲姩鐨勮璁′笌缁勭粐鎸囧</h2>
<p>
@@ -77,8 +1892,17 @@
</div>
</div>
</div>
- <div class="page-box" page="11">
- <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(11) > -1">
+ <div class="page-box" page="109">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(109) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">102</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
<div class="bodystyle">
<p>
鏁欏笀寮曞骞煎効鎯虫兂浠�涔堝姩鐗╁ご涓婃湁涓ぇ澶х殑绾㈠附瀛愶紝瀹冪殑韬笂鏄僵鑹茬殑锛屾竻鏅ㄥ枖鍠斿暭鍙紵骞煎効鐚滃嚭鏉ユ槸鍏浮涔嬪悗锛屾暀甯堝啀灏嗗叕楦＄殑鐗瑰緛閫愬彞涓庤皽闈㈠搴斻�傝皽闈㈢殑姣忎竴鍙ラ兘涓庡叕楦＄殑鐗瑰緛鍜屼範鎬х浉鍚诲悎锛岀患鍚堣捣鏉ワ紝璋滃簳灏辨槸鈥滃叕楦♀�濄��
@@ -122,11 +1946,26 @@
<p><b>娲诲姩閲嶉毦鐐癸細</b></p>
<p>閲嶇偣锛氳骞煎効鎳傚緱璋滆鐨勭壒鐐癸紝骞跺枩娆㈢寽璋滆銆�</p>
<p>闅剧偣锛氬涔犳寜鐗╀綋鐨勪富瑕佺壒寰佹潵鐚滆皽璇��</p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m9"></a><a href="chapter004.html#w9">[9]</a>
+ http锛�//wenku.baidu.com/view/d138d68202020740be1e9b9b.html锛焒rom=search锛�2016-10-26锛屾湁鏀瑰姩.
+ </p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
- <div class="page-box" page="12">
- <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(12) > -1">
+ <div class="page-box" page="110">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(110) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗洓绔� 骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">103</li>
+ </ul>
+
<div class="bodystyle">
<p>
<b>娲诲姩鍑嗗锛�</b>璇句欢锛�1涓洅瀛愶紝閲岄潰瑁呮湁妗冨瓙瀹炵墿锛涘疄鐗╂按鏋滆嫢骞层��
@@ -177,8 +2016,18 @@
</div>
</div>
</div>
- <div class="page-box" page="13">
- <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(13) > -1">
+ <div class="page-box" page="111">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(111) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">104</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+
<div class="bodystyle">
<p>锛�2锛夌涓�鍏炽��</p>
<p>
@@ -219,8 +2068,17 @@
</div>
</div>
</div>
- <div class="page-box" page="14">
- <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(14) > -1">
+ <div class="page-box" page="112">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(112) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗洓绔� 骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">105</li>
+ </ul>
<div class="bodystyle">
<p>锛�3锛夋暀甯堝嚭绀轰竴涓皽搴曪紝寮曞骞煎効缂栬皽銆�</p>
<p>
@@ -264,8 +2122,17 @@
</div>
</div>
</div>
- <div class="page-box" page="15">
- <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(15) > -1">
+ <div class="page-box" page="113">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(113) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">106</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
<div class="bodystyle">
<p class="notIndent">
鐨勬按鏋溿�傚ソ浜嗭紝鍧愪笂灏忛鏈烘垜浠嚭鍙戝惂銆傗�濓紙闅忛煶涔愯繘娲诲姩瀹も�斺�旇缃ソ鐨勫満鏅細鍐滃か鏋滃洯锛�
@@ -312,8 +2179,18 @@
</div>
</div>
</div>
- <div class="page-box" page="16">
- <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(16) > -1">
+ <div class="page-box" page="114">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(114) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗洓绔� 骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">107</li>
+ </ul>
+
<div class="bodystyle">
<h3 id="c030">浜屻�佸辜鍎跨粫鍙ｄ护鏁欏</h3>
<h4 id="d076">锛堜竴锛夊辜鍎跨粫鍙ｄ护鐨勬杩�</h4>
@@ -351,8 +2228,18 @@
</div>
</div>
</div>
- <div class="page-box" page="17">
- <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(17) > -1">
+ <div class="page-box" page="115">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(115) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">108</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+
<div class="bodystyle">
<p class="block">灏忎笁涓婂北澶у０鍠婏細鈥滅澶╁彧鏈変笁灏轰笁銆傗��</p>
<h4 id="d077">锛堜簩锛夊辜鍎跨粫鍙ｄ护鏁欏娲诲姩璁捐涓庣粍缁囪鐐�</h4>
@@ -389,8 +2276,17 @@
</div>
</div>
</div>
- <div class="page-box" page="18">
- <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(18) > -1">
+ <div class="page-box" page="116">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(116) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗洓绔� 骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">109</li>
+ </ul>
<div class="bodystyle">
<p class="block">涔愬潖浜嗛腑锛屾憞纰庝簡闇烇紝</p>
<p class="block">鍒嗕笉娓呮槸楦繕鏄湠銆�</p>
@@ -438,8 +2334,17 @@
</div>
</div>
</div>
- <div class="page-box" page="19">
- <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(19) > -1">
+ <div class="page-box" page="117">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(117) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">110</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
<div class="bodystyle">
<p>
锛�2锛夋暀甯堝惎鍙戝辜鍎胯瀵熼粦鏉夸笂鐨勫浘鍔犳枃缁曞彛浠わ紝鍙戠幇缁曞彛浠ょ殑闊佃剼锛岃繘涓�姝ユ劅鐭ョ粫鍙ｄ护鐨勬牸寰嬪強鐗圭偣銆�
@@ -606,8 +2511,17 @@
</div>
</div>
</div>
- <div class="page-box" page="20">
- <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(20) > -1">
+ <div class="page-box" page="118">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(118) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗洓绔� 骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">111</li>
+ </ul>
<div class="bodystyle">
<p>
4.骞煎効鏂囧鏄腑鍥芥枃瀛﹀ぇ瀹跺涵鐨勯噸瑕佷竴鍛橈紝璇峰垪涓句紭绉�骞煎効鏂囧浣滃搧锛岃皥璋堣繖浜涗綔鍝佹槸濡備綍閫氳繃瀵逛汉鐗╃殑鎻忓啓涓庡埢鐢诲皢姝ｇ‘鐨勬�佸害涓庤蹇点�佹儏鎰熶笌鐭ヨ瘑锛岃秴瓒婃椂绌哄湴浼犻�掔粰骞煎効锛屾綔绉婚粯鍖栧湴褰卞搷涓庡閫犲辜鍎跨殑銆�
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</div>
</div>
</div>
- <div class="page-box" page="21">
- <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(21) > -1">
+ <div class="page-box" page="119">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(119) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">112</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
<div class="bodystyle">
<div class="videoBox">
<div class="videoItem">
@@ -765,12 +2688,19 @@
showPageList: {
type: Array,
},
+ resourceList: {
+ type: Object,
+ },
},
data() {
return {
chapter004: {},
videoUrl: {},
videoMd5: {
+ v40: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[11],
+ name: "澶х彮璇█璇惧爞瀹炲綍锛氥�婅澏鎭嬭姳路鏄ユ櫙銆嬭妭閫�",
+ },
v41: {
md5: "375B7B2430E7D24094215211A5EABBEB",
name: "灏忕彮璇█娲诲姩锛氬お闃冲拰鏈堜寒",
diff --git a/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter005.vue b/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter005.vue
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0205579
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter005.vue
@@ -0,0 +1,1440 @@
+<template>
+ <div class="chapter" num="6">
+ <div class="page-box" page="120">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(120) > -1">
+ <div class="bodystyle" style="padding-top: 508px">
+ <h1 id="a013">
+ <img class="img-0 coverImg" alt="" src="../../images/z5.jpg" />
+ </h1>
+ <h6>瀛︿範鐩爣鈻�</h6>
+ <p>1.浜嗚В骞煎効鍥辜鍎胯皥璇濇椿鍔ㄧ殑浣滅敤銆�</p>
+ <p>2.棰嗕細骞煎効鍥辜鍎胯皥璇濇椿鍔ㄧ殑鐗瑰緛銆�</p>
+ <p>3.鎺屾彙骞煎効鍥皥璇濇椿鍔ㄧ殑鍏蜂綋绫诲瀷涓庤璁℃柟娉曘��</p>
+ <p>4.鍒濇鎺屾彙寮曞骞煎効杩涜璋堣瘽娲诲姩鐨勬搷浣滄妧鑳姐��</p>
+ <h6>瀛︿範瀵煎浘鈻�</h6>
+ <p class="center openImgBox">
+ <img
+ class="img-b"
+ style="width: 100%"
+ alt=""
+ src="../../images/0133-1.jpg"
+ />
+ </p>
+ <h6>瀵煎叆妗堜緥鈻�</h6>
+ <p class="center"><b>涓彮璋堣瘽娲诲姩锛氬ぉ姘斿喎浜嗭紝鎬庝箞鍔烇紵</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 鑰佸笀锛氬皬鏈嬪弸浠紝澶栭潰鍒潃澶ч锛屾爲涓婄殑鍙跺瓙鍏ㄨ惤浜嗐�傜幇鍦ㄦ槸鍐ぉ浜嗭紝澶╂皵鍙樺喎浜嗭紝鎴戜滑璇ユ�庝箞鍔炲憿锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>骞煎効1锛氭垜瑕佸绌胯。鏈嶏紝绌垮帤鍘氱殑琛ｆ湇銆�</p>
+ <p>鑰佸笀锛氬畞瀹佸皬鏈嬪弸瑕佸绌胯。鏈嶏紝绌垮帤鍘氱殑琛ｆ湇銆�</p>
+ <p>骞煎効2锛氳�佸笀锛屾垜鎴翠笂甯藉瓙锛岃繕鏈夋墜濂椼��</p>
+ <p>骞煎効3锛氳繕瑕佸洿涓婂洿宸俱��</p>
+ <p>鑰佸笀锛氬皬鏈嬪弸浠湡鏈夊姙娉曪紒</p>
+ <p>骞煎効4锛氳�佸笀锛屾垜浠繕瑕佸鍠濈儹姘淬��</p>
+ <p>骞煎効5锛氳繕瑕侀敾鐐艰韩浣撱��</p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="121">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(121) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">114</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鑰佸笀锛氬锛岃繕瑕侀敾鐐艰韩浣擄紝鍙笉鑳芥�昏汉鍦ㄨ绐濋噷鐫″ぇ瑙夊憖锛佸皬鏈嬪弸浠紝杩樻湁鍝簺鍔炴硶锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>鈥︹��</p>
+ <p><br /></p>
+ <p>
+ 2012骞�9鏈堬紝鏁欒偛閮ㄥ嚭鍙颁簡銆�3锝�6宀佸効绔ュ涔犱笌鍙戝睍鎸囧崡銆嬨�傚湪璇█閮ㄥ垎锛屻�婃寚鍗椼�嬫槑纭寚鍑猴細鈥滃辜鍎跨殑璇█鑳藉姏鏄湪浜ゆ祦鍜岃繍鐢ㄧ殑杩囩▼涓彂灞曡捣鏉ョ殑銆傚簲涓哄辜鍎垮垱璁捐嚜鐢便�佸鏉剧殑璇█浜ゅ線鐜锛岄紦鍔卞拰鏀寔骞煎効涓庢垚浜恒�佸悓浼翠氦娴侊紝璁╁辜鍎挎兂璇淬�佹暍璇淬�佸枩娆㈣骞惰兘寰楀埌绉瀬鍥炲簲銆傗�濄�婃寚鍗椼�嬩箣鎵�浠ュ姝ら噸瑙嗗辜鍎胯瑷�浜ゆ祦鑳藉姏鐨勫煿鍏伙紝鏄洜涓鸿瑷�浜ゆ祦鑳藉姏瀵逛簬骞煎効鐨勫涔犱笌鍙戝睍鎰忎箟娣辫繙銆傚畠涓嶄粎鑳戒績杩涘効绔ョ殑绀句細鍖栧彂灞曡繘绋嬶紝涔熷鍎跨鎬濈淮鐨勬繁鍖栧彂鎸ョ潃閲嶈浣滅敤銆傚湪鏁欒偛瀹炶返涓紝骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩鏄煿鍏诲辜鍎胯瑷�浜ゆ祦鑳藉姏鐨勫熀鏈柟寮忎箣涓�銆�
+ </p>
+ <h2 id="b013">绗竴鑺傘��骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩鐨勬蹇点�佷綔鐢ㄣ�佺壒寰佷笌绫诲瀷</h2>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鍥槸骞煎効鎴愰暱鍜屽彂灞曠殑閲嶈鍦烘墍锛屼粬浠殑韬績鍙戝睍涓庣ぞ浼氬寲杩囩▼寰堝ぇ绋嬪害涓婃槸閫氳繃鍦ㄥ辜鍎垮洯鐨勫涔犲拰鐢熸椿瀹屾垚鐨勩�傚湪杩欎竴杩囩▼涓紝骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩鍙戞尌浜嗛噸瑕佷綔鐢ㄣ�傝繖閲岋紝鎴戜滑灏辨潵鍏蜂綋璁よ瘑骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩銆�
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c031">涓�銆佸辜鍎胯皥璇濇椿鍔ㄧ殑姒傚康涓庝綔鐢�</h3>
+ <p>
+ 璋堬紝浠庤█锛岀値澹帮紝鏈箟鏄銆佽皥璁虹殑鎰忔�濓紱璇濓紝浠庤█锛岃垖澹帮紝鏈箟鏄█璇殑鎰忔�濄�傚彲瑙侊紝璋堣瘽灏辨槸璇夎璇█閫斿緞琛ㄨ揪鎬濇兂銆佷氦娴佹儏鎰熺殑杩囩▼銆傝瑷�鐨勬牴鏈綔鐢ㄦ伆鎭板湪浜庝績杩涗汉闄呬氦娴侊紝瀹炵幇鎬濇兂鐨勭浉閫氫笌鎯呮劅鐨勭浉铻嶃�傛牴鎹瑷�瀛﹀鐨勬帹鏂紝杩欑浜ゆ祦搴旇棣栧厛鏄互鍙ｅご璇█鐨勫舰寮忚繘琛岀殑銆傝繍鐢ㄥ彛澶磋瑷�鐨勪氦娴佽涓轰竴鏃︽湁浜嗙壒瀹氱殑鐩殑骞朵笖琛ㄧ幇鍑轰氦浜掓�х殑鐗瑰緛锛屼篃灏辨垚浜嗚皥璇濇椿鍔ㄣ��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 瀵逛簬璋堣瘽娲诲姩锛屾垜浠彲浠ヤ綔骞夸箟涓庣嫮涔変袱绉嶇悊瑙ｃ�傚箍涔夌殑璋堣瘽娲诲姩锛屾寚鐨勬槸浠ヤ氦璋堬紙鎴栬�呯О涓哄璇濓級涓轰富瑕佸舰寮忕殑浜哄拰浜轰箣闂寸殑璇█娌熼�氫笌浜ゆ祦銆傚湪骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛杩欎竴鐗瑰畾璇涓嬶紝鎴戜滑涓昏浠庣嫮涔夌殑瑙掑害鐞嗚В璋堣瘽娲诲姩銆傚叿浣撹�岃█锛屽辜鍎胯皥璇濇椿鍔ㄦ槸鎸囧辜鍎挎暀甯堟湁鐩殑銆佹湁璁″垝鍦扮粍缁囧拰寮曞骞煎効鍥寸粫鏌愪竴涓瘽棰樺睍寮�鐨勪氦璋堝拰瀵硅瘽娲诲姩锛屾槸骞煎効鍥熀鏈殑璇█鏁欒偛褰㈠紡涔嬩竴銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩鐨勬剰涔変富瑕佸湪浜庢暀甯堝府鍔╁辜鍎垮垱璁句竴涓敓鍔ㄧ殑璇█浜ゆ祦鎯呭锛屽紩瀵煎辜鍎垮吇鎴愬�惧惉浠栦汉璇濊鐨勪範鎯紝骞朵笖鑳藉鍥寸粫涓�涓浐瀹氱殑璇濋鍙備笌璋堣瘽娲诲姩锛岄�愭笎涔犲緱涓庡叾浠栧辜鍎挎垨鑰呮暀甯堜氦娴佺殑瑙勫垯鍜屾柟寮忥紝鍚屾椂淇冭繘鍏舵�濈淮鑳藉姏涓庢儏鎰熸�佸害鐨勫彂灞曪紝浠庤�屽叏闈㈡彁楂樿█璇〃杈捐兘鍔涳紝閫愭笎褰㈡垚涓庝汉浜ゅ線鐨勮兘鍔涖��
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="122">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(122) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗簲绔� 骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">115</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <div class="bk">
+ <div class="bk1">
+ <p><span class="bj2">鍚嶄汉鍚嶈█</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-7">
+ <p>
+ <img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="../../images/tb-7.png" />
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p>涓�涓汉鐨勬櫤鍔涘彂灞曞拰褰㈡垚姒傚康鐨勬柟娉曞湪寰堝ぇ绋嬪害涓婇鍏堝彇鍐充簬璇█銆�</p>
+ <p class="right">鈥斺�旂埍鍥犳柉鍧�</p>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩涔嬫墍浠ヨ兘澶熸垚涓哄辜鍎垮洯璇█鏁欒偛鐨勫熀鏈舰寮忎箣涓�锛屼粠鏍规湰涓婅锛屾槸鍥犱负浜よ皥鍜屽璇濇槸浜虹被鏈�鍩烘湰鐨勪氦娴侀�斿緞涓庢柟寮忥紝瀹冨叿鏈夊涓嬩綔鐢ㄣ��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d078">锛堜竴锛変氦娴佹�濇兂</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鎸夌収椹厠鎬濅富涔夌粡鍏哥悊璁猴紝浜轰笌鍔ㄧ墿鏈�澶х殑鍖哄埆鍦ㄤ簬鍔冲姩銆傚敖绠″湪骞煎効鐨勫涔犱笌鐢熸椿涓紝杩樻病鏈夋垚浜哄紡鏍风殑鍔冲姩锛屼絾涓嶅彲鍚﹁鐨勬槸锛屼粬浠殑瀛︿範鍦ㄤ竴瀹氱▼搴︿笂鏄互鍩瑰吇鍔冲姩鑳藉姏涓虹洰鐨勭殑锛屽洜涓哄彧鏈夊姵鍔ㄦ墠鑳芥敼鍠勪笘鐣屽拰鍙戝睍鑷韩銆傚辜鍎挎父鎴忔槸浠ュ辜鍎跨敓娲荤粡楠屼负鍩虹鐨勶紝涔熸矇娣�鐫�浜虹被婕暱鐨勫姵鍔ㄧ粡楠岋紝鍥犳鍦ㄤ竴瀹氱▼搴︿笂鍙嶆槧浜嗘垚浜哄姵鍔ㄧ殑鎯呮櫙銆傚悓鏃讹紝浜轰笌浜轰箣闂寸殑鎬濇兂浜ゆ祦寰�寰�浠ュ姵鍔ㄥ拰娓告垙娲诲姩涓鸿儗鏅�傚湪娓告垙涓庡姵鍔ㄤ腑锛屼紮浼翠箣闂撮渶瑕佸郊姝ゅ府鍔╁拰閰嶅悎锛岃瑷�涔熷氨閫愭笎鎴愪负鎴戜滑浜ゆ崲鎯虫硶鐨勫伐鍏凤紝骞朵笖鍥犱负鍏跺叿鏈変究鎹蜂笌楂樻晥鐨勭壒鐐癸紝娓愭笎鎴愪负浜虹被鏈�涓昏鐨勪氦娴佹柟寮忓拰鎵嬫銆�
+ </p>
+ <div class="bj1">
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">鐭ヨ瘑鎷撳睍</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-5">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb-6.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 绫冲皵寰烽噷寰仿峰笗鑵鹃�氳繃瑙傚療鍎跨鐨勬父鎴忔潵鐮旂┒鍎跨鐨勪氦寰�闇�瑕併�傚ス鎸囧嚭锛屽榫勫墠鍎跨杩涜骞崇瓑娓告垙锛屽湪娓告垙涓効绔ョ敤鐩稿悓鐨勬柟娉曠帺鐩镐技鐨勭帺鍏凤紝浣嗗郊姝ら棿骞舵病鏈変簰鍔紝杩欐槸鍎跨鍦ㄥ鍓嶅垵鏈熺殑鍏稿瀷妯″紡銆傚彟涓�绉嶆父鎴忓ス绉颁负鏃佽鑰呮父鎴忥紝鍎跨浠呰鐪嬩粬浜烘父鎴忥紝鑷繁骞朵笉鍙備笌銆傞殢鐫�骞撮緞鐨勫闀匡紝浠栦滑閫愭笎寮�濮嬭繘琛屽舰寮忔洿鍔犲鏉傜殑绀句細鎬ф父鎴忥紝濡傝仈鍚堟父鎴忋�傚湪鑱斿悎娓告垙涓紝涓や釜鎴栨洿澶氱殑鍎跨寮�濮嬩互鍏变韩鎴栬浆鍊熺帺鍏枫�佸伐鍏风殑褰㈠紡杩涜浜掑姩銆傞殢鍚庯紝杩樹細鍑虹幇鍎跨鐪熸涓庝粬浜虹帺鑰嶃�佽疆娴佹垨鑰呭彂璧风珵璧涚殑鍚堜綔鎬ф父鎴忋�傚彲瑙侊紝鍦ㄤ釜浣撶殑鎴愰暱杩囩▼涓紝浜ゅ線瓒婃潵瓒婃垚涓哄唴鍦ㄧ殑闇�瑕併��<a
+ id="w1"
+ ></a
+ ><a href="chapter005.html#m1"><sup>[1]</sup></a>
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ <h4 id="d079">锛堜簩锛夋矡閫氭儏鎰�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄨ杩拌瑷�鐨勮捣婧愭椂锛屽崲姊紙Jean-Jacques
+ Rousseau锛夋樉寰椾笌浼椾笉鍚屻�備粬璁や负锛岃瑷�鐨勯瑕佷綔鐢ㄤ笉鍦ㄤ簬鎬濇兂鐨勪氦娴侊紝鑰屽湪浜庢儏鎰熺殑琛ㄨ揪銆備粬璇达紝鏈�鍒濅汉浠鐨勫彧鏄瘲锛涘彧鏄湪鐩稿綋闀跨殑鏃堕棿涔嬪悗锛屼汉浠墠瀛︿細鎺ㄧ悊銆備粬杩涗竴姝ラ槓杩拌锛屾棤璁烘槸绗竴娆＄殑鍚愬瓧锛岃繕鏄涓�娆＄殑澹伴煶锛岄兘鏄笌绗竴娆＄殑鍙戝０涓�鍚屽舰鎴愮殑锛屽畠浠殑鍩虹灏辨槸鏀厤鐫�瀹冧滑鐨勬縺鎯呫�傝瘲銆佹瓕鏇层�佽璇濇湁鐫�鍚屼竴涓簮澶达紝绗竴鍙ヨ瘽涔熸槸绗竴棣栨瓕锛氳妭濂忛棿姝囨�у湴銆佹湁瑙勫緥鍦伴噸澶嶅嚭鐜帮紝閲嶉煶鎮﹁�宠�屽杞殑鍙樺寲锛岃瘲銆侀煶涔愩�佽瑷�鍚屾椂浜х敓浜嗐��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 褰撶劧锛屾儏鎰熺殑琛ㄨ揪涓庢儏鎰熺殑娌熼�氳繕涓嶆槸涓�鍥炰簨锛氭儏鎰熺殑琛ㄨ揪鍦ㄤ簬鎶掓儏锛屽己璋冭█
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m1"></a><a href="chapter005.html#w1">[1]</a>
+ 缃椾集鐗孤疯垂灏斿痉鏇�.鍙戝睍蹇冪悊瀛︼細浜虹殑姣曠敓鍙戝睍锛籑锛�.鑻忓溅鎹凤紝绛夛紝璇�.鍖椾含锛氫笘鐣屽浘涔﹀嚭鐗堝叕鍙稿寳浜叕鍙革紝2007锛�299-302.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="123">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(123) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">116</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 涓哄績澹帮紱鎯呮劅鐨勬矡閫氶噸鍦ㄧЩ鎯咃紝寮鸿皟鎯呮劅涓庡叡銆傛垜浠涓猴紝浣滀负涓�涓ぞ浼氭�у満鎵�鐨勫辜鍎垮洯鐝骇锛屽辜鍎夸箣闂撮渶瑕佸郊姝ゆ儏鎰熺殑娌熼�氾紝闇�瑕佷績杩涚浉浜掔殑鍏崇埍锛岃�屼粎浠呬富寮犵粰骞煎効閫傚害鐨勫娉勬満浼氭槸杩滆繙涓嶅鐨勩�傛墍浠ュ湪骞煎効鏁欒偛涓紝鎴戜滑鏍煎閲嶈骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩涓矡閫氱殑鏁堟灉銆�
+ </p>
+ <div class="bj1">
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">鐭ヨ瘑鎷撳睍</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-5">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb-6.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 鍗㈡骞朵笉璁や负璇█鏄渶鏈夊姏鐨勮〃杈炬墜娈点�備粬涓句緥璇达細娉㈡柉鐜嬪ぇ娴佸＋甯﹂澶у啗鍏ヤ镜閿¤タ鍘勬椂锛屾敹鍒颁簡閿¤タ鍘勫浗鐜嬮�佹潵鐨勪竴鍙潚铔欍�佷竴鍙笩銆佷竴鍙�侀紶鍜屼簲鏀銆備粬椹笂鏄庣櫧浜嗭紝绔嬪埢涓嬩护鐝笀鍥炲浗銆備粬瑙ｉ噴璇达紝杩欎釜渚嬪瓙璇存槑锛屾渶鏈夊姏鐨勮瑷�鏄垜浠湪寮�鍙ｈ璇濅箣鍓嶄娇鐢ㄧ殑琛ㄨ揪浜嗕竴鍒囩殑瑙嗚绗﹀彿銆�<a
+ id="w2"
+ ></a
+ ><a href="chapter005.html#m2"><sup>[2]</sup></a>
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ <h4 id="d080">锛堜笁锛夋彁楂樿█璇兘鍔�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 璋堣瘽鏄█璇殑瀹炶返娲诲姩锛屼篃鏄竴绉嶇敓鍛界殑瀛樺湪褰㈠紡銆傝繙鍦ㄥ瀛愮殑鐢熷懡涔嬪墠锛屼汉绫荤殑璇█灏变互绗﹀彿鐨勫舰寮忓湪杩欎釜涓栫晫涓婂瓨鍦ㄥ拰娴佷紶鐫�銆傚綋浠栦滑杩樺湪濡堝鑵逛腑鍜屾憞绡噷鐨勬椂鍊欙紝杩欐牱鐨勭鍙蜂竴娆″張涓�娆″湴鏁插嚮浠栦滑鐨勮�抽紦杩涘叆浠栦滑鐨勫唴蹇冦�傝繖鏍风殑鎯呮櫙涔熻绁炲鏋佷簡锛佽繖浜涚編濡欒�屾偊鑰崇殑澹伴煶鍒烘縺鐫�濠村効鐨勮韩浣撲笌蹇冪伒锛屼竴鍒囬兘鍍忔槬澶╃殑鑽夎娊鍎夸竴鏍疯浜烘鍠滀笌鍏村銆傛笎娓愬湴锛屼粬浠篃灏濊瘯鐫�鐢ㄨ嚜宸辩殑鍠夊挋妯′豢锛屽皾璇曠潃浠庤嚜宸辩殑韬綋鍣ㄥ畼鍙戝嚭浠栦滑鍚埌鐨勯偅浜涚編濡欑殑澹伴煶銆傝繘鑰屼粬浠儕鍠滀簬鑷繁鍙戝嚭鐨勫０闊筹紝閭ｆ槸浠栦滑鑷繁鐢熷懡涓殑寰嬪姩锛屾槸浠栦滑鑷繁鐢熷懡鐨勮瘲姝屻�傛笎娓愬湴锛岃繖澹伴煶鍙堜笌鐗瑰畾鐨勪簨鐗╃粨鍚堣捣鏉ワ紝浠夸經鏁翠釜涓栫晫閮藉洜涓鸿嚜宸辩殑璇０鑰屽厖婊′簡缇庝附鐨勯煶绗︿笌鏃嬪緥銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 浜虹被鐨勮瑷�鍗氬ぇ绮炬繁锛屽辜鍎跨殑璇█瀛︿範璺�旀极闀匡紝鐩村埌浠栦滑鐗电潃鐖哥埜濡堝鐨勬墜杩涘叆骞煎効鍥紝杩欐潯璇█瀛︿範鐨勮矾璨屼技宸茬粡璧颁簡寰堣繙锛屽叾瀹炰粎浠呮槸涓�涓紑绔��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勬牴鏈洰鐨勬槸瑕佸紩瀵煎辜鍎垮涔犺瑷�锛屾帉鎻¤瑷�鏈�濂界殑鏂规硶灏辨槸淇冭繘骞煎効鐨勮█璇疄璺碉紝鍦ㄤ笉鏂殑瑷�璇疄璺典腑閿ょ偧浠栦滑鐨勮█璇兘鍔涖�備絾鏄紝寰堥暱涓�娈垫椂闂达紝鎴戜滑鐨勮█璇涔犲嵈杩囦簬寮鸿皟璇█鐭ヨ瘑鐨勮幏鍙栵紝鑰屼紶缁熸暀鑲茬殑鏂瑰紡涔熻繃浜庡己璋冮潤闈欏湴鍊惧惉锛屽瀛愮殑瑷�璇疄璺靛弽鑰岃蹇借浜嗭紝骞煎効鐢熷懡涔嬪垵鈥滃姩鈥濈殑澶╂�т竴鏃﹁绱х揣鍦版潫缂氾紝璇█鏁欒偛涔熷繀鐒跺け鍘讳簡搴旀湁鐨勬椿鍔涗笌鏁堟灉銆傚垢濂斤紝浠婂ぉ鎴戜滑宸茬粡瓒婃潵瓒婃竻鏅板湴鎰忚瘑鍒板辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勬牴鏈伆鎭板湪浜庡辜鍎跨殑瑷�璇疄璺点��2015骞�7鏈堬紝鍦ㄧ墶涓规睙甯傝繘琛岀殑绗竷灞婂叏鍥藉辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鐮旇浼氫互鈥滃洖褰掓湰婧愮殑骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鈥濅负涓婚锛屼究鏄竴涓护浜烘鍠滅殑寰佸厗銆傚綋鐒讹紝鎰忚瘑鍒伴棶棰樼殑鏍规湰浠呬粎鏄竴涓壇濂界殑寮�绔紝濡備綍鍒囧疄灏婇噸骞煎効鐨勪富浣撳湴浣嶏紝濡備綍鍦ㄨ瑷�鏁欒偛涓厖鍒嗗彂鎺樺辜鍎跨殑娼滆兘锛岃繕闇�瑕佸ぇ閲忕殑瀹炶返涓庣爺绌跺伐浣溿��
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m2"></a><a href="chapter005.html#w2">[2]</a>
+ 绂囧瓭娉�.璁哄崲姊殑璇█鐞嗚鍙婂叾褰撲唬瑙ｈ锛籎锛�.澶嶆棪瀛︽姤锛氱ぞ浼氱瀛︾増锛�2012锛�6锛夛細23-29.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="124">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(124) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗簲绔� 骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">117</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <h3 id="c032">浜屻�佸辜鍎胯皥璇濇椿鍔ㄧ殑涓昏鐗瑰緛</h3>
+ <p>
+ 鐢变簬骞煎効蹇冪悊鐗圭偣灏ゅ叾鏄�濈淮鐗圭偣涓庢垚浜轰笉鍚岋紝骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩琛ㄧ幇鍑鸿澶氫笌鎴愪汉璋堣瘽娲诲姩涓嶅悓鐨勭壒寰併��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d081">
+ 锛堜竴锛夊辜鍎挎槸骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩鐨勪富浣擄紝鏁欏笀鏄紩瀵艰�呫�佺粍缁囪�呭拰骞崇瓑鍙備笌鑰�
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩涓昏鏄湪骞煎効涔嬮棿鎴栧辜鍎夸笌鏁欏笀涔嬮棿灞曞紑鐨勶紝骞煎効瑕佹牴鎹嚜宸辩殑鐢熸椿瑙傚療涓庝綋楠屽彂琛ㄨ嚜宸卞鏌愪釜鎴栨煇浜涗簨鐗╃殑瑙傜偣涓庣湅娉曪紝骞跺褰兼鐨勮鐐逛笌鐪嬫硶杩涜鍊惧惉銆佺悊瑙ｃ�佽鲸鏋愪笌浜ゆ祦銆傝繖涓�杩囩▼涔熸伆鎭版槸骞煎効涓嶆柇瀛︿範鐨勮繃绋嬨�傛鍍忚淳鏍煎皵鎵�璇达細鍎跨鍦ㄤ笌浠栦汉鐨勭浉浜掍綔鐢ㄤ腑寤烘瀯璇█绯荤粺锛屽悓鏃朵粬浠篃浣跨敤杩欎竴绯荤粺鍘诲缓鏋勫彟涓�涓郴缁燂紝涔熷氨鏄粬浠殑涓栫晫瑙傘��<a
+ id="w3"
+ ></a
+ ><a href="chapter005.html#m3"><sup>[3]</sup></a
+ >鎹㈠彞璇濊锛屼粬浠湪浣跨敤璇█鐨勫悓鏃跺張閫氳繃璇█鍦ㄥ涔犮�傚湪璇█鍜岃鐭ヤ袱涓郴缁熺殑鍙戝睍鏈熼棿锛屼粬浠篃鍦ㄨ繘琛岃瑷�鏈韩鐨勫涔狅紝骞堕�愭笎鎰忚瘑鍒拌瑷�鐨勭壒鐐广�佸舰寮忓拰浣滅敤銆傚洜姝わ紝鍦ㄥ辜鍎胯皥璇濇椿鍔ㄤ腑锛屾暀甯堥瑕佺殑璐ｄ换鏄寮曞銆侀紦鍔便�佺粍缁囧辜鍎垮厖鍒嗐�佹湁搴忓湴杩涜琛ㄨ揪銆傛垜浠繀椤绘槑纭細骞煎効鏄皥璇濇椿鍔ㄧ殑涓讳綋锛屾暀甯堝湪杩欎竴娲诲姩涓殑鎵�鏈夊伐浣滈兘鏄互婵�鍙戝辜鍎跨殑琛ㄨ揪涓庝氦娴佷负鐩殑鐨勶紱骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩涓紝鏁欏笀涔熶粎浠呮槸浜ゆ祦娲诲姩鐨勫钩绛変富浣擄紝鑰屼笉鑳戒綔涓虹煡璇嗙殑浼犳巿鑰呭噷椹句簬骞煎効涔嬩笂銆�
+ </p>
+ <p class="center">
+ <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../../images/0137-1.jpg" />
+ </p>
+ <p class="img">鍥�5-1 鍦ㄥ辜鍎胯皥璇濇椿鍔ㄤ腑锛屾暀甯堢殑瑙掕壊涓嶅彲鎴栫己</p>
+ <p>
+ 褰撶劧锛屽己璋冨湪骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩涓皧閲嶅辜鍎跨殑涓讳綋鍦颁綅鍜岃瘽璇潈鍒╁苟涓嶆剰鍛崇潃鏁欏笀灏辫鏃犳墍浣滀负銆傝皥璇濇椿鍔ㄤ綔涓哄辜鍎垮洯璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勯噸瑕佸舰寮忥紝鍚屾牱鑲╄礋鐫�浜虹被鏂囧寲浼犳壙鐨勮矗浠伙紝鏁欏笀涔熷氨蹇呯劧瑕佸厖鍒嗗彂鎸ヨ嚜宸辩殑浣滅敤鈥斺�旀縺鍔卞辜鍎匡紝鍙備笌璋堣瘽锛岀粍缁囪皥璇濓紝寮曞璋堣瘽銆�
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">妗堜緥5-1</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-1">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center"><b>涓彮骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩锛氬綋鎴戠敓鐥呮椂锛堣妭閫夛級</b></p>
+ <p>鑰佸笀锛氬皬鏈嬪弸浠紝浣犱滑鐢熻繃鐥呭悧锛熺敓鐥呮椂锛岀埜鐖稿濡堜細鎬庝箞鍋氾紵</p>
+ <p>骞煎効1锛氭垜鐢熺梾鏃讹紝浣忛櫌浜嗭紝濡堝濂藉嚑澶╂病鐫¤锛岄櫔鐫�鎴戙��</p>
+ <p>骞煎効2锛氬皬鏃跺�欙紝鎴戠敓鐥呬簡锛岃倸瀛愮柤鍝簡锛岀埜鐖告姳鐫�鎴戣蛋鏉ヨ蛋鍘汇��</p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="125">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(125) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">118</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>骞煎効3锛氭垜鐢熺梾浜嗭紝濡堝閮芥�ュ摥浜嗐��</p>
+ <p>鑰佸笀锛氭垜浠簲璇ユ�庢牱鍏冲績鐖哥埜濡堝锛熷皢鏉ユ�庢牱鎶ョ瓟鐖哥埜濡堝锛�</p>
+ <p>骞煎効1锛氳嚜宸辫兘鍋氱殑浜嬭嚜宸卞仛锛屼笉楹荤儲鐖哥埜濡堝銆�</p>
+ <p>骞煎効2锛氭垜濡堝鍦ㄥ晢鍦轰笂鐝紝姣忓ぉ绔欏緢闀挎椂闂达紝鎴戣缁欏ス鏁叉暡鑵裤��</p>
+ <p>骞煎効3锛氬濡堢殑蹇冭剰涓嶅ソ锛屾垜闀垮ぇ浜嗚鎸ｉ挶锛岀粰濡堝鐪嬬梾銆�</p>
+ <p>骞煎効4锛氭垜闀垮ぇ浜嗭紝瑕佷拱鏂版埧瀛愮粰鐖哥埜濡堝浣忊�︹��</p>
+ <p>
+ <b>鍒嗘瀽锛�</b
+ >鍦ㄤ笂渚嬩腑锛岃�佸笀鏄棶棰樼殑鍙戣捣鑰咃紝閫氳繃鎻愰棶锛岃�佸笀杩涜浜嗘湁鏁堢殑寮曞銆佺粍缁囧拰浠ュ钩绛夎韩浠藉弬涓庤皥璇濓紱鍦ㄦ暣涓皥璇濇椿鍔ㄤ腑锛屽辜鍎挎�濈淮娲昏穬锛屼富浣撳湴浣嶄綋鐜板緱鍗佸垎鏄庢樉銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d082">锛堜簩锛夊辜鍎胯皥璇濇椿鍔ㄥ唴瀹逛赴瀵岋紝闇�瑕佸洿缁曚竴涓瘽棰樺睍寮�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 灏界骞煎効鐨勭敓娲荤粡楠屽皻灏戯紝浣嗙敱浜庝粬浠殑鎬濈淮寮傚父娲昏穬锛屾兂璞″ぉ椹绌烘棤鎷樻棤鏉燂紝骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩鐨勫唴瀹逛篃灏卞線寰�鏃犺竟鏃犻檯銆佷赴瀵屽紓甯搞�傚彧瑕佹暀甯堝杽浜庢湁鏁堟縺鍙戝辜鍎跨殑璋堣瘽鍏磋叮锛岃皥璇濇椿鍔ㄥ氨浼氬瓒ｆí鐢熴�傚浜庡辜鍎挎暀甯堣�岃█锛屽辜鍎胯皥璇濇椿鍔ㄧ殑缁勭粐鍙兘缁忓父閬囧埌鐨勪竴涓毦棰樻槸濡備綍璁╁辜鍎跨殑璋堣瘽鍥寸粫涓�涓瘽棰樺睍寮�锛屽悓鏃跺張缁欏辜鍎块�傚綋鐨勮〃杈剧┖闂淬��
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">妗堜緥5-2</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-1">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center"><b>灏忕彮璋堣瘽娲诲姩锛氬叧浜庡叕楦＄殑璇濋</b></p>
+ <p>鑰佸笀锛氫粈涔堝姩鐗╀袱鍙剼锛屾棭涓婂お闃冲叕鍏捣鏉ョ殑鏃跺�欙紝瀹冧細鍙綘璧峰簥锛�</p>
+ <p>骞煎効1锛氶浮锛屽叕楦°��</p>
+ <p>骞煎効2锛氱埗楦°��</p>
+ <p>鑰佸笀寰堝ソ濂囧湴闂細浠�涔堝彨鐖堕浮锛�</p>
+ <p>骞煎効2锛氭瘝楦″彨姣嶉浮锛屽叕楦″氨鍙埗楦°��</p>
+ <p>骞煎効3锛氬濡堛��</p>
+ <p>骞煎効4锛氬お闃炽��</p>
+ <p>鑰佸笀锛氬お闃抽暱鑴氬悧锛�</p>
+ <p>骞煎効4锛氬お闃虫湁浜斿彧鑴氥��</p>
+ <p>骞煎効5鍙嶉┏锛氫竷鍙紝褰╄櫣鏄竷绉嶉鑹茬殑銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ <b>鍒嗘瀽锛�</b
+ >鑰佸笀寮曞灏忕彮骞煎効鐚滆皽鈥滀粈涔堝姩鐗╀袱鍙剼锛屾棭鏅ㄥ彨浣犺捣搴娾�濓紝骞煎効閮芥槸鏍规嵁鑷繁鐨勬�濊矾杩涜鐚滄祴鐨勶細鏈夌殑骞煎効鐚滃叕楦★紝鏈夌殑骞煎効鐚滃濡堬紝鏈夌殑骞煎効鐚滃お闃筹紝鍙铏界劧骞煎効鐨勬�濈淮瑙嗛噹姣旇緝鐙獎锛屼絾鏄湪璋堣瘽涓紝浠栦滑鐨勬�濈淮涓嶆椂璺宠穬锛屽嵈涔熺粡甯稿洜涓衡�滀笉鍚堥�昏緫鈥濊�屽璇鍑猴細鈥滅埗楦♀�濈殑浠胯瘝鐢ㄦ硶锛屼粠褰╄櫣鏄竷鑹茬殑鎯冲埌澶槼鏈変竷鍙剼锛岄兘鍙嶆槧鍑哄辜鍎胯皥璇濆唴瀹逛赴瀵岋紝浣嗘槸瀹规槗鏉炬暎锛岀己灏戜富鏃ㄧ洰鏍囧拰鍏蜂綋鏂瑰悜鐨勭壒鐐广�傛寜鐓х毊浜氭澃鐨勮鐭ュ彂灞曢樁娈电悊璁猴紝2锝�7宀佸効绔ュ浜庡墠杩愮畻闃舵锛屼粬浠殑鎬濈淮鏄互鑷垜涓轰腑蹇冪殑銆備竴鐩村埌杩欎釜闃舵鐨勫悗鏈燂紝浠栦滑鎵嶈兘澶熻�冭檻浠栦汉鐨勮鐐广�傚洜姝わ紝鍦ㄦ渚嬩腑锛屽瀛愪滑鍚勮鍚勮瘽鐨勭幇璞″苟涓嶅鎬紝浣嗘暀甯堝湪鐞嗚В杩欎竴鐜拌薄鐨勫悓鏃讹紝杩涜閫傚害鐨勫紩瀵煎張鏄暀鑲茬殑搴旂劧瑕佹眰銆�
+ </p>
+ <p><br /></p>
+ <p>
+ 浠庝笂闈㈢殑妗堜緥涓嶉毦鍙戠幇锛屽浣曠粍缁囧辜鍎块泦涓湴鍥寸粫涓�涓瘽棰樺睍寮�璋堣瘽鏄暀甯堝繀椤婚潰瀵圭殑鍥伴毦锛岃繖闇�瑕佹暀甯堢‘瀹氬叿浣撶殑璋堣瘽娲诲姩鐨勭洰鏍囷紝鑳藉缁撳悎骞煎効鐨勫叴瓒ｅ拰鐑�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="126">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(126) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗簲绔� 骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">119</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鎯呭仛鐏垫椿鐨勬柟鍚戦�夋嫨涓庡瘜浜庢妧宸х殑寮曞銆備綔涓轰竴椤圭敓鎴愭�х殑娲诲姩锛岃皥璇濇椿鍔ㄧ殑鐩爣搴旀湁鏂瑰悜锛岀洰鏍囦笉鍍靛寲鍥哄畾銆備絾鍥寸粫涓�涓瘽棰樺睍寮�鏄辜鍎垮洯璋堣瘽娲诲姩鏈�鍩烘湰鐨勯渶瑕佷箣涓�锛屽惁鍒欐棤鍔╀簬骞煎効鎬濈淮鑳藉姏鐨勫煿鍏讳笌瑷�璇妧鑳界殑鎻愰珮銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d083">锛堜笁锛夊辜鍎胯皥璇濇椿鍔ㄦ儏澧冪敓鍔紝璋堣瘽鑷敱锛屾皼鍥村鏉�</h4>
+ <p class="center openImgBox">
+ <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../../images/0139-1.jpg" />
+ </p>
+ <p class="img">鍥�5-2 瀹芥澗鑷敱鐨勭幆澧冩湁鍔╀簬骞煎効浜ゆ祦</p>
+ <p>
+ 鐢变簬骞煎効鐢熸椿缁忛獙鐨勭Н绱崄鍒嗘湁闄愶紝鍥犺�岃皥璇濇椿鍔ㄧ殑绱犳潗涔熷氨鐩稿璐箯锛涘彟澶栵紝浠栦滑鍙堟湁鐫�鏁忛攼鐨勮瑙夈�佸惉瑙夈�佸梾瑙夈�佽Е瑙夛紝鏈夌潃娓存湜浜嗚В涓栫晫鐨勬効鏈涘拰鎬�鐫�娆ｅ枩琛ㄨ揪鑷垜鍙戠幇鐨勬复姹傘�傚湪骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩涓紝鏁欏笀蹇呴』涓轰粬浠惀閫犲叿浣撱�佺敓鍔ㄧ殑鎯呭锛屽敮姝ゆ墠鑳界粰骞煎効鎻愪緵涓板瘜鐨勪俊鎭埡婵�锛屾墠鑳芥湁鏁堟縺鍙戜粬浠殑璋堣瘽鐑儏锛屽苟涓斿湪璋堣瘽娲诲姩涓幏鍙栦赴瀵岀殑鎰熸偀锛屽仛鍒拌█涔嬫湁鐗╋紝鏈夋劅鑰屽彂銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 涓庝赴瀵岀殑璋堣瘽鎯呭鍚屾牱閲嶈鐨勬槸锛屾暀甯堣繕瑕佺粰浜堝瀛愪滑鍦ㄨ皥璇濇椿鍔ㄤ腑瓒冲鐨勮嚜鐢辩┖闂达紝涓嶄粎涓嶈兘杩囧鍦伴檺鍒跺辜鍎跨殑琛ㄨ揪锛岃繕瑕佺Н鏋侀紦鍔变粬浠湪璋堣瘽涓晠鎵�娆茶█锛屽浜庡辜鍎胯〃杈句腑鐨勫け璇篃涓嶅疁鐩存帴鍚﹀畾鍜屾壒璇勶紝椤荤煡骞煎効鐨勮〃杈剧儹鎯呮槸浠栦滑璇█琛ㄨ揪鐨勫唴鍦ㄥ姩鍔涖�傚悓鏃讹紝鏁欏笀涔熻寮曞骞煎効缁欏叾浠栧皬鏈嬪弸鍒涢�犲鏉剧殑璋堣瘽姘涘洿锛屽辜鍎夸滑褰兼灏婇噸锛屽叡鍚屾帰绱紝鎵嶈兘淇濋殰骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩鐨勬湁鏁堟帹杩涗笌寮�灞曘�傛濡傚浘5-2鎵�鍛堢幇鐨勫湪涓�涓鏉俱�佽嚜鐢辩殑璋堣瘽姘涘洿涓紝瀛╁瓙浠彲浠ヤ粠浜ゆ祦涓厖鍒嗗彈鐩娿��
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">妗堜緥5-3</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-1">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center"><b>灏忕彮璋堣瘽娲诲姩锛氬姩鐗╄仈娆細</b></p>
+ <p>鑰佸笀锛氬ぇ妫灄閲岋紝鍔ㄧ墿浠寮�鑱旀浼氥�傚皬鍔ㄧ墿浠細琛ㄦ紨浠�涔堣妭鐩憿锛�</p>
+ <p>骞煎効1锛氬ぇ璞¤〃婕斿惞娉℃场銆�</p>
+ <p>鑰佸笀锛氭槑鏄庢兂寰楃湡濂斤紒澶ц薄浼搁暱浜嗛蓟瀛愬惞娉℃场锛屽お濂界帺浜嗭紒</p>
+ <p>骞煎効2锛氱尨瀛愯〃婕旂埇鏉嗗効銆�</p>
+ <p>鑰佸笀锛氱尨瀛愯韩鎵嬫晱鎹凤紝鐖潌鍎挎鍚堥�傘��</p>
+ <p>骞煎効3锛氬皬鑰侀紶琛ㄦ紨鑸炶箞锛屽瓟闆�涔熶竴璧疯〃婕斻��</p>
+ <p>鑰佸笀锛氶潪甯稿ソ鐨勭粍鍚堛�傚皬鏈嬪弸浠帴鐫�璇淬��</p>
+ <p>鈥︹��</p>
+ <div class="bk">
+ <div class="bk1">
+ <p><span class="bj2">骞煎効鍥暀甯堣祫鏍艰瘉鑰冭瘯路鑰冪偣棰勬祴</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-2">
+ <p>
+ <img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="../../images/tb-1.png" />
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩鏈夊摢浜涚壒寰侊紵璇曠潃浠庡績鐞嗗鐨勮搴﹀垎鏋愪负浠�涔堜細鏈夎繖鏍风殑鐗瑰緛銆�
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <h3 id="c033">涓夈�佸辜鍎胯皥璇濇椿鍔ㄧ殑涓昏绫诲瀷</h3>
+ <p>
+ 濡傚墠鎵�杩帮紝骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩鏄互骞煎効涓轰富浣撶殑璋堣瘽娲诲姩銆備粠涓嶅悓鐨勮搴﹀垝鍒嗭紝骞�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="127">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(127) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">120</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鍎胯皥璇濇椿鍔ㄥ彲浠ュ垎涓轰笉鍚岀殑绫诲瀷锛屾瘮濡傦紝鏍规嵁鍙備笌浜烘暟鐨勫瀵★紝鍙互鍒嗕负涓埆璋堣瘽鍜岄泦浣撹皥璇濓紱鏍规嵁璋堣瘽鍐呭涓庤寖鍥寸殑绾︽潫鎬х▼搴︼紝鍙互鍒嗕负灏侀棴鎬ц皥璇濆拰寮�鏀炬�ц皥璇濄�傝繖閲岋紝鏍规嵁璋堣瘽娲诲姩鐨勫彂璧锋槸鍩轰簬璁″垝杩樻槸鏍规嵁鐜板満鎯呭涓存椂璧锋剰锛岃皥璇濇椿鍔ㄧ殑灞曞紑鏄熀浜庢暀甯堢殑缁勭粐杩樻槸璋堣瘽涓讳綋鐨勯殢鎰忎氦娴侊紝鎴戜滑鎶婂辜鍎胯皥璇濇椿鍔ㄥ垎涓烘棩甯哥敓娲讳腑鐨勯殢鏈鸿皥璇濆拰鏈夌粍缁囩殑闆嗕綋璋堣瘽涓ょ褰㈠紡銆�
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk">
+ <div class="bk1">
+ <p><span class="bj2">绔ヨ█瓒ｈ</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-7">
+ <p>
+ <img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="../../images/tb-7.png" />
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p>灏忕敺瀛╋細灏忔湅鍙嬬殑澶村彂鏈変粈涔堢敤锛�</p>
+ <p>灏忓コ瀛╋細鐢ㄦ潵姊冲ご鍙戠殑銆�</p>
+ <p>灏忕敺瀛╋細閭ｆ垜鐨勫ご鍙戜笉鑳芥墡杈瓙锛屾湁浠�涔堢敤鍛紵</p>
+ <p>灏忓コ瀛╋細鐢ㄦ潵缁欑悊鍙戝簵鍓冨ご鐨勩��</p>
+ </div>
+ <h4 id="d084">锛堜竴锛夋棩甯哥敓娲讳腑鐨勯殢鏈鸿皥璇�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓殑闅忔満璋堣瘽鏄寚鍦ㄥ辜鍎夸箣闂存垨骞煎効涓庢暀甯堜箣闂寸殑鏃ュ父浜ゅ線杩囩▼涓紝鏍规嵁鐗瑰畾鎯呭闅忔満杩涜鐨勮皥璇濄�傚辜鍎垮湪鍥殑涓�鏃ョ敓娲讳腑锛屾湁璁稿鏃堕棿鍙互杩涜闅忔満璋堣瘽锛屽鏃╂櫒鍏ュ洯銆佸倣鏅氱鍥�佷腑鍗堝氨椁愩�佹埛澶栨暎姝ョ瓑鏃舵锛屾牴鎹叿浣撴儏褰㈤兘鍙兘闅忔椂闅忓湴鍦板紑灞曢殢鏈虹殑璋堣瘽娲诲姩銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓殑闅忔満璋堣瘽鏃㈠彲浠ュ湪骞煎効涓庡辜鍎夸箣闂村睍寮�锛屼篃鍙互鍦ㄥ辜鍎夸笌鏁欏笀涔嬮棿杩涜銆備絾涓�鑸潵璇达紝骞煎効涓庡辜鍎夸箣闂寸殑闅忔満璋堣瘽寰�寰�甯︽湁鏇村ぇ鐨勯殢鎰忔�э紝鑰屾暀甯堜笌骞煎効鐨勯殢鏈鸿皥璇濆湪闅忔満涓線寰�甯︽湁鎻愬墠鍑嗗鐨勮壊褰╋紝甯稿父鏄暀甯堟牴鎹辜鍎跨殑鍏蜂綋鎯呭喌鍚堢悊瀹夋帓锛屾湁鐩殑銆佹湁璁″垝鍦扮浉缁ц繘琛岀殑銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鍥棩甯哥敓娲讳腑鐨勯殢鏈鸿皥璇濆悓鏍锋槸骞煎効鍥皥璇濇椿鍔ㄧ殑閲嶈褰㈠紡銆傛伆鎭板洜涓洪殢鏈鸿皥璇濈殑闅忔剰鎬х壒鐐癸紝杩欑璋堣瘽娲诲姩鑷劧鐏垫椿锛屼粠鍐呭鍒板舰寮忛兘涓庢棩甯哥敓娲诲瘑鍒囪瀺鍚堬紝鏁欏笀鍊熷姪杩欐牱鐨勬柟寮忓仛璧峰伐浣滄潵涔熷線寰�涓嶇潃鐥曡抗锛屾湁鏃剁敋鑷冲彲浠ヨ捣鍒版湁缁勭粐鐨勯泦浣撹皥璇濅笉鑳借揪鍒扮殑鏁堟灉銆�
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">妗堜緥5-4</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-1">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center"><b>璋堣瘽瀹炰緥</b></p>
+ <p>鐨簹鏉帮細褰撴湁浜戝苟涓嬮洦鐨勬椂鍊欙紝澶槼鍦ㄥ仛浠�涔堬紵</p>
+ <p>鍎跨锛氬畠浼氳蛋寮�锛屽洜涓哄ぉ涓嶅ソ銆�</p>
+ <p>鐨簹鏉帮細涓轰粈涔堬紵</p>
+ <p>鍎跨锛氬洜涓哄畠涓嶆兂琚穻婀裤��</p>
+ <p><br /></p>
+ <p>
+ 鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓殑闅忔満璋堣瘽瑙︽櫙鑰屽彂锛屽線寰�鍙嶆槧鍑哄瀛愪滑鐏靛姩鐨勬兂娉曪紝灏界涓嶈兘瀹㈣鍙嶆槧浜嬬墿鐨勬湰鏉ラ潰璨岋紝鍗村厖婊＄潃鎯呰叮锛屼篃鏄汉鐢熷彂灞曡繃绋嬩腑蹇呯劧瑕佺粡鍘嗙殑闃舵銆傛墍浠ワ紝瀵逛簬杩欐牱鐨勮皥璇濓紝鑰佸笀涓�瀹氳浼氣�滆亰澶╁効鈥濓紝涓嶈兘涓婃潵灏辨墦鏂瀛愯璇濇垨鑰呮澘璧烽潰瀛旀彮绀烘墍璋撶殑鈥滅瀛﹂亾鐞嗏�濄��
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="128">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(128) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗簲绔� 骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">121</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <h4 id="d085">锛堜簩锛夋湁缁勭粐鐨勯泦浣撹皥璇�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 涓庢棩甯哥敓娲讳腑鐨勯殢鏈烘�ц皥璇濅笉鍚岋紝鑰佸笀绮惧績璁捐鐨勯泦浣撴�ц皥璇濆垯瑕佹眰涓嶄粎瑕佹湁鏄庣‘銆佸叿浣撶殑鐩爣锛岃繕瑕佹湁璇﹀敖鐨勮鍒掞紝鏄暀甯堥潰鍚戝辜鍎跨兢浣擄紝灏辨煇涓�鐗瑰畾璇濋缁勭粐骞煎効鏈夌З搴忓湴灞曞紑璋堣瘽浜ゆ祦鐨勬椿鍔ㄦ柟寮忋��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏈夌粍缁囩殑闆嗕綋璋堣瘽鏈夊洓涓壒鐐广�傦紙1锛夊弬涓庡辜鍎垮銆傚湪闆嗕綋鎬х殑浜ゆ祦娲诲姩涓紝鍙備笌璋堣瘽娲诲姩鐨勫辜鍎夸汉鏁颁紬澶氾紝涓�鑸潵璇达紝闇�瑕佸湪涓変汉浠ヤ笂銆傦紙2锛夎涓庡惉鐨勮鍒欏繀椤绘槑纭�備弗鏍兼潵璇达紝闆嗕綋涓庣兢浣撴槸涓や釜涓嶅悓鐨勬蹇碉細缇や綋鍙槸鍙備笌浜烘暟鏁伴噺杈冨锛岄泦浣撳垯闇�瑕佷紬澶氱殑鍙備笌鑰呰〃鐜颁负涓�瀹氱殑缁勭粐鎬э紝鎴愬憳鐨勮涓哄叿鏈夊叡鍚岀殑鐩爣骞堕伒瀹堜竴鑷寸殑鍐呴儴娲诲姩瑙勫垯銆傚湪闆嗕綋璋堣瘽娲诲姩涓紝濡傛灉缂哄皯瑙勫垯锛屽氨瀹规槗褰㈡垚鍚勮鍚勮瘽鐨勬儏鍐碉紝涓嶄粎闅句互杩涜鏈夋晥鐨勬矡閫氫笌浜ゆ祦锛岃繕浼氫弗閲嶅奖鍝嶅辜鍎夸氦闄呰鍒欐剰璇嗙殑褰㈡垚銆傦紙3锛夎瘽棰樼浉瀵瑰浐瀹氥�傚辜鍎垮湪鏁欏笀鐨勫紩瀵间笅锛岃鍥寸粫涓�涓浉瀵瑰浐瀹氱殑璇濋杩涜鎬濈淮鍜屾兂璞★紝鍐嶈瘔璇歌瑷�琛ㄨ揪锛岃�屼笉鑳戒俊椹敱缂般�佷俊鍙ｅ紑娌炽�傦紙4锛夎浣撻鏍间笂鏇翠负姝ｅ紡銆傛寮忓満鍚堢殑璇█琛ㄨ揪涓庨潪姝ｅ紡鍦哄悎绉佷汉闂寸殑璇█琛ㄨ揪鍦ㄨ浣撻鏍间笂鏈夌潃鏄捐憲鍖哄埆锛岄泦浣撹皥璇濇椿鍔ㄤ腑鐨勮皥璇濆線寰�闇�瑕佽浣撴洿搴勯噸锛屽湪閬ｈ瘝閫犲彞涓婁篃闇�瑕佹洿鍑嗙‘銆佹洿瑙勮寖銆傛暀甯堝湪骞煎効鍥殑鍚勭璋堣瘽娲诲姩涓紝涔熷簲璇ユ湁鎰忚瘑鍦板紩瀵煎辜鍎挎牴鎹壒瀹氱殑鎯呭鍚堢悊杩愮敤涓嶅悓鐨勮浣撱��
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">鐩稿叧閾炬帴</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-5">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="../../images/tb-5.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 璇綋鏄竴涓笌璇█琛ㄨ揪鐩哥敓鐩镐即鐨勬蹇点�備汉浠繍鐢ㄨ瑷�杩涜浜ゆ祦锛屽叾瑷�璇柟寮忓氨蹇呯劧瑕侀伒寰竴瀹氱殑琛ㄨ揪瑙勫緥銆傝〃杈捐寰嬪張涓庣壒瀹氫氦闄呭満鍚堛�佷氦闄呭璞°�佷氦闄呴鍩熴�佷氦闄呯洰鐨勬湁鍏筹紝鎵�璋撯�滃埌浠�涔堝北鍞变粈涔堟瓕锛岃浠�涔堜汉璇翠粈涔堣瘽鈥濓紝涔呰�屼箙涔嬶紝闅忕潃浜轰滑浜ら檯缁忛獙鐨勭Н绱紝鍦ㄥ悓绫荤殑浜ら檯鍦哄悎銆佷氦闄呭璞°�佷氦闄呴鍩熷拰浜ら檯鐩殑鎯呭喌涓嬶紝灏变細褰㈡垚鐗瑰畾鐨勯鏍硷紝鑰岃瑷�鐨勫舰寮忎篃寰�寰�浠モ�滀綋鈥濈殑褰㈠紡瑙勮寖涓嬫潵銆傝繖灏辨槸鍩轰簬璇█杩愮敤涓婇�愭笎褰㈡垚鐨勮浣撱��<a
+ id="w4"
+ ></a
+ ><a href="chapter005.html#m4"><sup>[4]</sup></a>
+ </p>
+ <h2 id="b014">绗簩鑺傘��骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩鐨勮璁′笌缁勭粐鎸囧</h2>
+ <p>
+ 鍓嶉潰涓�鑺傛垜浠凡缁忎簡瑙ｄ簡骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩鐨勫熀鏈父璇嗐�備絾鏄紝浣滀负鏈潵鐨勫辜鍎挎暀甯堬紝鎴戜滑杩樺繀椤诲湪姝ゅ熀纭�涓婅繘涓�姝ユ帉鎻″辜鍎胯皥璇濇椿鍔ㄨ璁′笌缁勭粐鐨勫熀鏈妧鑳姐�傝繖涔熸槸鏈妭鐨勪富瑕佸涔犲唴瀹广�傛牴鎹辜鍎跨殑鍏蜂綋鎯呭喌锛屽湪璋堣瘽娲诲姩涓紝浠ユ椿鍔ㄧ洰鏍囦负渚濇嵁璁捐骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩锛屽苟鑳藉鏈夋晥缁勭粐銆佸紩瀵笺�佹縺鍔卞辜鍎跨Н鏋佸弬涓庡叾涓紝閫氳繃绉戝鐨勬暀鑲叉墜娈典笌鏂规硶甯姪骞煎効鎻愰珮璇█琛ㄨ揪姘村钩銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="129">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(129) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">122</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <h3 id="c034">涓�銆佸辜鍎胯皥璇濇椿鍔ㄧ殑鐩爣瀹氫綅</h3>
+ <p>
+ 椹厠鎬濆湪銆婅祫鏈銆嬩腑鏈夎繖鏍蜂竴娈靛悕瑷�锛氣�滆湝铚傚缓绛戣渹鎴跨殑鏈浣夸汉闂寸殑璁稿寤虹瓚甯堟劅鍒版儹鎰с�備絾鏄紝鏈�韫╄剼鐨勫缓绛戝笀浠庝竴寮�濮嬪氨姣旀渶鐏靛阀鐨勮湝铚傞珮鏄庣殑鍦版柟锛屾槸浠栧湪鐢ㄨ渹铚″缓绛戣渹鎴夸互鍓嶏紝宸茬粡鍦ㄨ嚜宸辩殑澶磋剳涓妸瀹冨缓鎴愪簡銆傚姵鍔ㄨ繃绋嬬粨鏉熸椂寰楀埌鐨勭粨鏋滐紝鍦ㄨ繖涓繃绋嬪紑濮嬫椂灏卞凡缁忓湪鍔冲姩鑰呯殑琛ㄨ薄涓瓨鍦ㄧ潃锛屽嵆宸茬粡瑙傚康鍦板瓨鍦ㄧ潃銆傗�濆辜鍎挎暀甯堢殑鏁欒偛宸ヤ綔涔熸槸涓�鏍凤紝鍦ㄨ璁″辜鍎胯皥璇濇椿鍔ㄤ箣鍓嶏紝鍏蜂綋鐨勬椿鍔ㄧ洰鏍囧氨搴旇浜嗙劧浜庤兏銆傚叿浣撴潵璇达紝骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩鐨勭洰鏍囦富瑕佹湁浠ヤ笅涓変釜鏂归潰銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d086">
+ 锛堜竴锛夊府鍔╁辜鍎垮吇鎴愯瀵熴�佸�惧惉浠栦汉璋堣瘽鐨勪範鎯拰鐞嗚В浠栦汉璇濊鐨勮兘鍔�
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄨ皥璇濅腑锛岃鐪熷湴瑙傚療浠栦汉鍜屽�惧惉浠栦汉璇濊鏄竴涓ソ涔犳儻锛屽畠涓嶄粎鍙互甯姪璋堣瘽鍙備笌鑰呭厖鍒嗐�佸噯纭湴鑾峰緱淇℃伅锛屼负鎬濈淮鑾峰緱蹇呰鐨勪俊鎭潗鏂欙紝鍚屾椂杩樺彲浠ュ湪璋堣瘽涓〃杈惧浜ら檯瀵规柟鐨勫皧閲嶏紝瀹炵幇浜ゆ祦涓殑蹇冪悊鐩歌瀺锛屼粠鑰岃惀閫犺壇濂界殑浜ら檯姘涘洿銆備絾骞煎効澶勪簬鐢熷懡涔嬪垵锛岀ぞ浼氳鐭ヨ兘鍔涘拰鑷垜鎺у埗鑳藉姏閮借繕姣旇緝寮憋紝涓汉鍝佸痉涔熶粎浠呭浜庡垵姝ュ舰鎴愰樁娈碉紝鎵�浠ュ湪璋堣瘽娲诲姩涓紝璁稿骞煎効鏇村枩娆㈣嚜宸辩殑琛ㄨ揪锛屽嵈寰�寰�鎰忚瘑涓嶅埌瑙傚療浠栦汉浣撴�佽瑷�鐨勪綔鐢紝涔熷拷瑙嗕簡璁ょ湡鍊惧惉浠栦汉璋堣瘽鍦ㄤ氦闄呬腑鐨勪环鍊笺��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 浣滀负骞煎効鏁欏笀锛屽簲璇ユ湁鐩殑鍦板紩瀵煎辜鍎胯璇嗚瀵熷拰鍊惧惉鐨勯噸瑕佹�э紝骞跺湪璋堣瘽娲诲姩涓�愭笎瑙勮寖鍏朵氦闄呰涓猴紝浣夸粬浠吇鎴愯壇濂界殑瑙傚療涓庡�惧惉鐨勪範鎯�傚叧浜庤鐪熷惉骞惰兘鍚噦甯哥敤璇█锛屻�婃寚鍗椼�嬫湁杩欐牱鐨勫叿浣撹姹傦細
+ </p>
+ <p class="block">3锝�4宀侊細</p>
+ <p class="block">1.鍒汉瀵硅嚜宸辫璇濇椂鑳芥敞鎰忓惉骞跺仛鍑哄洖搴旓紱</p>
+ <p class="block">2.鑳藉惉鎳傛棩甯镐細璇濄��</p>
+ <p class="block">4锝�5宀侊細</p>
+ <p class="block">1.鍦ㄧ兢浣撲腑鑳芥湁鎰忚瘑鍦板惉涓庤嚜宸辨湁鍏崇殑淇℃伅锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">
+ 2.鑳界粨鍚堟儏澧冩劅鍙楀埌涓嶅悓璇皵銆佽璋冩墍琛ㄨ揪鐨勪笉鍚屾剰鎬濓紱
+ </p>
+ <p class="block">3.鏂硅█鍦板尯鍜屽皯鏁版皯鏃忓辜鍎胯兘鍩烘湰鍚噦鏅�氳瘽銆�</p>
+ <p class="block">5锝�6宀侊細</p>
+ <p class="block">1.鍦ㄩ泦浣撲腑鑳芥敞鎰忓惉鑰佸笀鎴栧叾浠栦汉璁茶瘽锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">2.鍚笉鎳傛垨鏈夌枒闂椂鑳戒富鍔ㄦ彁闂紱</p>
+ <p class="block">
+ 3.鑳界粨鍚堟儏澧冪悊瑙ｄ竴浜涜〃绀哄洜鏋溿�佸亣璁剧瓑鐩稿澶嶆潅鐨勫彞瀛愩��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鎸夌収淇℃伅璁虹殑瑙傜偣锛屼竴涓畬鏁寸殑浜よ皥杩囩▼寰�寰�鍙互鍒嗕负淇℃伅杈撳叆鈥斾俊鎭В鐮佲�斾俊鎭鐞嗏�斾俊鎭紪鐮佲�斾俊鎭緭鍑轰簲涓幆鑺傘�傚湪璋堣瘽娲诲姩涓紝骞煎効瀵瑰惉鍒扮殑璇濊鏄惁鑳藉鍑嗙‘銆佹竻妤氬湴鐞嗚В锛屽叧绯诲埌浠栧湪璋堣瘽娲诲姩涓殑鏀惰幏锛屼篃鍏崇郴鍒版暣涓皥璇濇椿鍔ㄧ殑鍏蜂綋鏁堟灉銆傚辜鍎挎暀甯堝簲璇ユ湁鎰忚瘑鍦板紩瀵煎辜鍎挎帉鎻℃纭殑瑙傚療銆佸�惧惉銆佽鲸鏋愭妧鑳藉拰鍒�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="130">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(130) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗簲绔� 骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">123</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 姝ョ殑鎺ㄧ悊鏂规硶锛岄�愭笎褰㈡垚鐞嗚В浠栦汉璇濊鐨勮兘鍔涳紝浠ヤ績杩涘辜鍎跨殑绀句細鍖栨垚闀裤��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d087">
+ 锛堜簩锛夊府鍔╁辜鍎垮浼氬洿缁曠壒瀹氳瘽棰樿〃杈捐瑙ｏ紝鍏绘垚涓讳綋鎰忚瘑鍜屽媷浜庤〃杈剧殑涔犳儻
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ 鐢变簬涓�ф皵璐ㄧ殑涓嶅悓鍜屾垚闀跨幆澧冪瓑鏂归潰鐨勫樊寮傦紝鍚屼竴鐝骇涓殑骞煎効鍦ㄨ皥璇濇椿鍔ㄤ腑鐨勮〃鐜颁篃涓嶅敖鐩稿悓锛氭湁鐨勫辜鍎跨Н鏋佹椿璺冿紝琛ㄨ揪鏃剁湁椋炶壊鑸烇紱鏈夌殑骞煎効浼氶粯涓嶄綔澹帮紝鍦ㄥ埆鐨勫瀛愮晠鎵�娆茶█鏃讹紝鑷繁韬插湪涓�涓亸鍍荤殑瑙掕惤娌夐粯瀵¤█銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 杩欐椂锛屽氨闇�瑕佹暀甯堝洜鏉愭柦鏁欙細瀵逛簬鎬濈淮娲昏穬銆佸彂瑷�韪婅穬鐨勫辜鍎匡紝鏁欏笀鍙互鎶婇噸鐐规斁鍦ㄨ鑼冨叾琛ㄨ揪琛屼负涓婏紝灏ゅ叾鏄簲璇ュ紩瀵间粬浠吇鎴愬洿缁曠壒瀹氳瘽棰樿〃杈剧殑涔犳儻锛屽悓鏃跺彲浠ヨ姹備粬浠湪瑙傜偣鍜岀湅娉曚笂鏇村姞娣辨�濈啛铏戯紱瀵逛簬涓嶆暍琛ㄨ揪鍜屼笉鍠勪簬琛ㄨ揪鐨勫辜鍎匡紝鍒欒缁欎簣鏇村鐨勯紦鍔卞拰鏀寔锛屽紩瀵煎辜鍎垮厠鏈嶆亹鎯э紝褰㈡垚鍕囨暍琛ㄨ揪鐨勫搧璐紝瀵逛簬浠栦滑琛ㄨ揪涓殑澶辫锛屽垯瑕佹姳鏈夊瀹圭殑鎬佸害锛岃繖鏃朵笉瀹滃０寮狅紝鍙互鎮勬倓鏀捐繃銆傞』鐭ュ瀛愮殑鎴愰暱闇�瑕佷竴涓繃绋嬶紝涓嶆槸浣犵粰浠栨寚鍑轰簡浠�涔堬紝浠栧氨鍙互鏀规浠�涔堛��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏃㈢劧瀛╁瓙鏄暀鑲蹭腑绗竴浣嶇殑涓讳綋锛屼績杩涘瀛愮殑鎴愰暱鎵嶆槸鏁欒偛涔嬫湰锛涢偅涔堣韩涓哄辜鍎挎暀甯堬紝搴旇灏婇噸骞煎効鐨勬帴鍙楄兘鍔涳紝骞朵笖鐣欑粰浠栦滑鎴愰暱鐨勬椂闂淬�傛湁浜鸿锛屽杽浜庣瓑寰呯殑鑰佸笀锛屾墠鏄ソ鑰佸笀锛屽洜涓鸿繖鏍风殑鑰佸笀灏婇噸浜嗗辜鍎跨殑涓讳綋鍦颁綅锛屽皧閲嶄簡骞煎効鐨勬垚闀胯寰嬶紝涔熼伒寰簡鏁欒偛鐨勮寰嬶紝鎶婃彙浜嗘暀鑲茬殑绛栫暐銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 浣嗘槸锛岄紦鍔卞辜鍎胯〃杈惧苟涓嶆槸瀵瑰辜鍎跨殑璋堣瘽鍐呭涓庡舰寮忎笉鍋氳姹傘�傚湪璋堣瘽娲诲姩涓紝鏁欏笀搴旇寮曞鍜岃姹傚辜鍎垮洿缁曠壒瀹氳瘽棰樻潵灞曞紑璁ㄨ锛屽彧鏈夎繖鏍凤紝鎵嶈兘涓诲骞煎効璋堣瘽鐨勬柟鍚戯紝闄愬畾骞煎効浜ゆ祦鍐呭鐨勮寖鍥达紝浣垮辜鍎跨殑浜よ皥褰㈡垚涓�瀹氱殑璁ㄨ鎬ц川锛屽悓鏃跺張鍙互淇冭繘璇濋璁ㄨ鐨勬繁鍏ャ�傚叧浜庢効鎰忚璇濊兘娓呮鍦拌〃杈撅紝銆婃寚鍗椼�嬬殑鍏蜂綋瑕佹眰濡備笅锛�
+ </p>
+ <p class="block">3锝�4宀侊細</p>
+ <p class="block">1.鎰挎剰鍦ㄧ啛鎮夌殑浜洪潰鍓嶈璇濓紝鑳藉ぇ鏂瑰湴涓庝汉鎵撴嫑鍛硷紱</p>
+ <p class="block">2.鍩烘湰浼氳鏈皯鏃忔垨鏈湴鍖虹殑璇█锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">
+ 3.鎰挎剰琛ㄨ揪鑷繁鐨勯渶瑕佸拰鎯虫硶锛屽繀瑕佹椂鑳介厤浠ユ墜鍔垮姩浣滐紱
+ </p>
+ <p class="block">4.鑳藉彛榻挎竻妤氬湴璇村効姝屻�佺璋ｆ垨澶嶈堪绠�鐭殑鏁呬簨銆�</p>
+ <p class="block">4锝�5宀侊細</p>
+ <p class="block">1.鎰挎剰涓庝粬浜轰氦璋堬紝鍠滄璋堣鑷繁鎰熷叴瓒ｇ殑璇濋锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">
+ 2.浼氳鏈皯鏃忔垨鏈湴鍖虹殑璇█锛屽熀鏈細璇存櫘閫氳瘽銆傚皯鏁版皯鏃忚仛灞呭湴鍖哄辜鍎夸細鐢ㄦ櫘閫氳瘽杩涜鏃ュ父浼氳瘽锛�
+ </p>
+ <p class="block">3.鑳藉熀鏈畬鏁村湴璁茶堪鑷繁鐨勬墍瑙佹墍闂诲拰缁忓巻鐨勪簨鎯咃紱</p>
+ <p class="block">4.璁茶堪姣旇緝杩炶疮銆�</p>
+ <p class="block">5锝�6宀侊細</p>
+ <p class="block">1.鎰挎剰涓庝粬浜鸿璁洪棶棰橈紝鏁㈠湪浼椾汉闈㈠墠璇磋瘽锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">
+ 2.浼氳鏈皯鏃忔垨鏈湴鍖虹殑璇█鍜屾櫘閫氳瘽锛屽彂闊虫纭竻鏅般�傚皯鏁版皯鏃忚仛灞呭湴鍖哄辜鍎垮熀鏈細璇存櫘閫氳瘽锛�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="131">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(131) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">124</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p class="block">3.鑳芥湁搴忋�佽繛璐�佹竻妤氬湴璁茶堪涓�浠朵簨鎯咃紱</p>
+ <p class="block">
+ 4.璁茶堪鏃惰兘浣跨敤甯歌鐨勫舰瀹硅瘝銆佸悓涔夎瘝绛夛紝璇█姣旇緝鐢熷姩銆�
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk">
+ <div class="bk1">
+ <p><span class="bj2">骞煎効鍥暀甯堣祫鏍艰瘉鑰冭瘯路鐪熼鍐嶇幇</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-2">
+ <p>
+ <img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="../../images/tb-1.png" />
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <b>2013骞翠笅鍗婂勾銆婁繚鏁欑煡璇嗕笌鑳藉姏銆嬫潗鏂欏垎鏋愰</b>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 濂囧鏄繖鏍蜂竴涓瀛愶細浠栬儐瀛愬皬锛屼笂璇句笉涓诲姩鍙戣█锛屽嵆渚垮彂瑷�锛屽皬鑴告定寰楅�氱孩锛屽０闊冲緢灏忥紝鐗瑰埆瀹虫�曞け璐ヤ笌鎸姌銆備粬涔熶笉鐖变笌鍚屼即浜ゅ線锛岃�佸笀鍜屽皬鏈嬪弸閭�璇蜂粬鏃讹紝浠栨�绘槸鎶婂ご鎽囧緱鍍忔嫧娴紦浼肩殑鈥︹��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�1锛夐�犳垚濂囧鎬ф牸鑳嗗皬鐨勫彲鑳藉洜绱犳湁鍝簺锛�
+ <span class="btn-box" @click="showAnswer1 = !showAnswer1">
+ <svg
+ xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
+ width="20.501"
+ height="20.501"
+ viewBox="0 0 20.501 20.501"
+ >
+ <path
+ class="a"
+ d="M3344.717-15308.5H3337.4a10.186,10.186,0,0,1-7.25-3,10.185,10.185,0,0,1-3-7.25A10.262,10.262,0,0,1,3337.4-15329a10.26,10.26,0,0,1,10.249,10.248,10.129,10.129,0,0,1-2.2,6.341v3.177A.734.734,0,0,1,3344.717-15308.5Zm-9.606-7.29h4.493l.527,1.419c.071.182.156.386.254.608a2.428,2.428,0,0,0,.273.512.986.986,0,0,0,.315.262.971.971,0,0,0,.454.1,1.05,1.05,0,0,0,.773-.327,1.025,1.025,0,0,0,.319-.723,3.3,3.3,0,0,0-.277-1.051l-.062-.161-2.889-7.313c-.119-.321-.228-.607-.335-.873a2.972,2.972,0,0,0-.323-.616,1.56,1.56,0,0,0-.5-.469,1.552,1.552,0,0,0-.781-.181,1.535,1.535,0,0,0-.773.181,1.475,1.475,0,0,0-.5.477,3.674,3.674,0,0,0-.362.739l-.239.627-.054.135-2.824,7.355c-.095.229-.179.46-.25.688a1.529,1.529,0,0,0-.073.477.978.978,0,0,0,.323.72,1.039,1.039,0,0,0,.746.315.838.838,0,0,0,.716-.3,4.676,4.676,0,0,0,.466-.985l.062-.165.527-1.449Zm3.747-1.5h-3.293l1.812-5.124,1.481,5.123Z"
+ transform="translate(-3327.144 15329)"
+ />
+ </svg>
+ </span>
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p v-if="showAnswer1">
+ <b>绛旈鎬濊矾锛�</b
+ >锛�1锛夊浜庨�犳垚濂囧鑳嗗皬鐨勫洜绱犲垎鏋愬簲璇ュ厖鍒嗚繍鐢ㄥ効绔ュ績鐞嗗绛夌殑鐩稿叧鐭ヨ瘑锛屼粠閬椾紶鍥犵礌銆佷釜浜烘皵璐ㄣ�佹垚闀跨幆澧冨拰鏁欏吇鏂瑰紡绛夋柟闈㈣繘琛岀患鍚堝垎鏋愶紝浣嗗簲缁撳悎濂囧鐨勮涓鸿〃鐜颁晶閲嶅悗澶╁洜绱犵殑鍒嗘瀽銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�2锛変綘瑙夊緱璇ユ�庢牱甯姪濂囧锛�
+ <span class="btn-box" @click="showAnswer2 = !showAnswer2">
+ <svg
+ xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
+ width="20.501"
+ height="20.501"
+ viewBox="0 0 20.501 20.501"
+ >
+ <path
+ class="a"
+ d="M3344.717-15308.5H3337.4a10.186,10.186,0,0,1-7.25-3,10.185,10.185,0,0,1-3-7.25A10.262,10.262,0,0,1,3337.4-15329a10.26,10.26,0,0,1,10.249,10.248,10.129,10.129,0,0,1-2.2,6.341v3.177A.734.734,0,0,1,3344.717-15308.5Zm-9.606-7.29h4.493l.527,1.419c.071.182.156.386.254.608a2.428,2.428,0,0,0,.273.512.986.986,0,0,0,.315.262.971.971,0,0,0,.454.1,1.05,1.05,0,0,0,.773-.327,1.025,1.025,0,0,0,.319-.723,3.3,3.3,0,0,0-.277-1.051l-.062-.161-2.889-7.313c-.119-.321-.228-.607-.335-.873a2.972,2.972,0,0,0-.323-.616,1.56,1.56,0,0,0-.5-.469,1.552,1.552,0,0,0-.781-.181,1.535,1.535,0,0,0-.773.181,1.475,1.475,0,0,0-.5.477,3.674,3.674,0,0,0-.362.739l-.239.627-.054.135-2.824,7.355c-.095.229-.179.46-.25.688a1.529,1.529,0,0,0-.073.477.978.978,0,0,0,.323.72,1.039,1.039,0,0,0,.746.315.838.838,0,0,0,.716-.3,4.676,4.676,0,0,0,.466-.985l.062-.165.527-1.449Zm3.747-1.5h-3.293l1.812-5.124,1.481,5.123Z"
+ transform="translate(-3327.144 15329)"
+ />
+ </svg>
+ </span>
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+
+ <p v-if="showAnswer2">
+ 锛�2锛夊浜庤儐灏忕殑濂囧鐨勫府鍔╂柟娉曪紝搴斾互绉瀬鐨勬柟寮忔縺鍔卞濂囧惊搴忔笎杩涘湴鍏嬫湇绱у紶蹇冪悊锛屾暀甯堜竴瀹氳缁欏濂囧垱閫犲鏉剧殑琛ㄨ揪鐜锛屼娇濂囧蹇冩�佹斁鏉撅紝涓嶈繃澶氬湴鎷呭績澶辫銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ <h4 id="d088">
+ 锛堜笁锛夊府鍔╁辜鍎垮浼氶伒瀹堣皥璇濇椿鍔ㄨ鍒欙紝鎻愰珮瑷�璇〃杈炬按骞�
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ 浣滀负澶氭柟鍙備笌鐨勪汉闄呬氦娴佸舰寮忥紝璋堣瘽娲诲姩闇�瑕佽瘽璇富浣撲箣闂寸殑浜ゆ祦鏈夊簭鍦板睍寮�锛岃繖灏遍渶瑕佸湪璋堣瘽娲诲姩涓ぇ瀹堕兘瑕侀伒瀹堜竴瀹氱殑瑙勫垯銆傚敮姝わ紝鎵嶈兘淇濋殰璋堣瘽娲诲姩鐨勭З搴忥紝淇冭繘浜ゆ祦鐨勬晥鐜囦笌鏁堟灉銆備弗鏍兼潵璇达紝瑷�璇殑瑙勫垯鍒嗘垚涓ょ锛氫竴鏄瑷�琛ㄨ揪鍐呴儴鐨勮鍒欙紝鍗宠娉曪紝瀹冩槸鍐冲畾鎴戜滑濡備綍琛ㄨ揪鎬濈淮鎴愭灉鐨勮鍒欑郴缁燂紝鍙湁璇濊涓讳綋鎸夌収绾﹀畾淇楁垚鐨勮瑷�瑙勫垯瑷�璇达紝鍒汉鎵嶈兘鍚噦锛涗簩鏄皥璇濇椿鍔ㄤ腑璋佽銆佽皝鍚拰璋佸厛璇淬�佽皝鍚庤鐨勮鍒欎綋绯伙紝鎴戜滑鍙互绉颁箣涓鸿皥璇濇椿鍔ㄤ腑鐨勮鍒欍�傝繖閲岋紝鎴戜滑鐫�閲嶈璁虹殑鏄悗鑰呫��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 瀵逛簬澶勫湪绀句細鍖栬捣姝ラ樁娈电殑骞煎効鑰岃█锛岃█璇氦寰�瑙勫垯鐨勫涔犳槸浠栦滑绀句細鍖栬繃绋嬩腑鐨勫繀瑕佸唴瀹广�傛瘮濡傦紝璋堣瘽涓�滀綘璇达紝杩涜�屾垜璇粹�濈殑瑷�璇搴忓氨鏄竴绉嶈鍒欍�傚湪骞煎効鏁欒偛瀹炶返涓紝鎴戜滑缁忓父鍙戠幇涓夊洓宀佺殑骞煎効鍙兘鍠滄杩濆弽鎴栬�呮晠鎰忎笉閬靛畧杩欐牱鐨勮皥璇濊鍒欙紝杩欑鎯呭喌鏃㈠嚭鐜板湪骞煎効璋堣瘽涔嬮棿锛屼篃鍑虹幇鍦ㄥ辜鍎夸笌鎴愪汉璋堣瘽娲诲姩涔嬩腑銆傝�屼笖锛屾湁浜涘鍓嶅効绔ヤ細鍦ㄨ嚜宸辫鏈夋剰璇鎴栬�呬笉鑳藉仛鍑烘洿鍚堥�傜殑鍙嶅簲鏃朵娇鐢ㄧ蹇岃锛屾垨鑰呰儭瑷�涔辫锛岀敋鑷冲彂鍑哄埆浜烘剰鎯充笉鍒扮殑璇皟銆傚鏁版暀甯堣涓猴紝鍎跨鎷掔粷閬靛畧璋堣瘽瑙勫垯涓庢儻渚嬶紝鍙兘鏄湪琛ㄦ槑鑷垜鐨勭嫭绔嬶紝鍏剁洰鐨勫彲鑳芥槸璇曞浘鏀瑰彉鎴栨帶鍒惰皥璇濈殑灞�鍔裤�傚効绔ュ湪鏌愪簺鎯呭喌涓嬪仛鍑鸿繖鏍风殑鍙嶅父琛屼负锛屼綔涓烘暀鑲茶�呯殑鎴戜滑搴旇鐞嗚В骞舵姳瀹藉鐨勬�佸害銆傞殢鐫�鍎跨骞撮緞鐨勫闀垮拰浼氳瘽浣撻獙鐨勫鍔狅紝杩欎簺涓嶅悎鏃跺疁鐨勪妇姝細瓒婃潵瓒婂皯銆備互涓嬫槸銆婃寚鍗椼�嬪叧浜庝笁涓勾榫勬骞煎効鐨勬枃鏄庤瑷�涔犳儻鐨勫叿浣撹姹傦細
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="132">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(132) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗簲绔� 骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">125</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p class="block">3锝�4宀侊細</p>
+ <p class="block">1.涓庡埆浜鸿璇濇椂鐭ラ亾鐪肩潧瑕佺湅鐫�瀵规柟锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">2.璇磋瘽鑷劧锛屽０闊冲ぇ灏忛�備腑锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">3.鑳藉湪鎴愪汉鐨勬彁閱掍笅浣跨敤鎭板綋鐨勭ぜ璨岀敤璇��</p>
+ <p class="block">4锝�5宀侊細</p>
+ <p class="block">1.鍒汉瀵硅嚜宸辫璇濇椂鑳藉洖搴旓紱</p>
+ <p class="block">2.鑳芥牴鎹満鍚堣皟鑺傝嚜宸辫璇濆０闊崇殑澶у皬锛�</p>
+ <p class="block">3.鑳戒富鍔ㄤ娇鐢ㄧぜ璨岀敤璇紝涓嶈鑴忚瘽銆佺矖璇濄��</p>
+ <p class="block">5锝�6宀侊細</p>
+ <p class="block">1.鍒汉璁茶瘽鏃惰兘绉瀬涓诲姩鍦板洖搴旓紱</p>
+ <p class="block">2.鑳芥牴鎹皥璇濆璞″拰闇�瑕侊紝璋冩暣璇磋瘽鐨勮姘旓紱</p>
+ <p class="block">3.鎳傚緱鎸夋搴忚疆娴佽璇濓紝涓嶉殢鎰忔墦鏂埆浜猴紱</p>
+ <p class="block">
+ 4.鑳戒緷鎹墍澶勬儏澧冧娇鐢ㄦ伆褰撶殑璇█銆傚鍦ㄥ埆浜洪毦杩囨椂浼氱敤鎭板綋鐨勮瑷�琛ㄧず瀹夋叞銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 涓�鑸潵璇达紝骞煎効鍦ㄨ皥璇濇椿鍔ㄤ腑鐨勮█璇鍒欏彲浠ユ鎷负浠ヤ笅鍑犻」鍐呭锛氳鐪熷�惧惉锛涙寜娆″簭鍙戣█锛屽湪鍒汉鍙戣█鏃朵笉闅忔剰鎵撴柇鍒汉锛涘媷浜庤〃杈撅紝灏婇噸闆嗕綋鐨勬椂闂寸瓑銆�
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c035">浜屻�佸辜鍎胯皥璇濇椿鍔ㄧ殑璇濋閫夋嫨涓庤璁�</h3>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩浣滀负姣旇緝澶嶆潅鐨勪氦闄呭舰寮忥紝瀹冪殑椤哄埄寮�灞曢渶瑕佹暀甯堝湪娲诲姩鍓嶈繘琛屽厖鍒嗗噯澶囷紝鑰屽叾涓竴涓噸瑕佸唴瀹瑰氨鏄瘽棰樼殑閫夋嫨涓庤璁°��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d089">锛堜竴锛夐�夋嫨涓庤璁″辜鍎挎劅鍏磋叮鐨勮瘽棰�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鍎跨鐨勭敓鍛芥椂鏃舵磱婧㈢潃鐑儏鐨勫姏閲忥紝浠栦滑瀵逛簬澶栧湪鐨勪笘鐣屽拰鑷繁鐨勭敓鐞嗐�佸績鐞嗛兘鍏呮弧鐫�濂藉锛岃繖绉嶅ソ濂囧父甯镐績浣夸粬浠鍛ㄥ洿鐨勪簨鐗╄繘琛屽箍娉涖�佹繁鍏ュ湴鎬濊�冧笌鎺㈢储锛岃繖绉嶅浜嬬墿鐨勬祿鍘氬叴瓒ｄ篃鍚屾牱琛ㄧ幇鍦ㄨ皥璇濇椿鍔ㄤ腑銆傚悓鏃讹紝骞煎効鐨勬剰蹇楀搧璐ㄨ繕寰堣剢寮憋紝鏈夋剰娉ㄦ剰鐨勬椂闂寸浉瀵圭煭鏆傦紝鍏磋叮鐐逛篃闈炲父瀹规槗杞Щ銆傚洜姝わ紝瀵逛簬浠栦滑涓嶅枩娆€�佷笉鎰熷叴瓒ｇ殑浜嬬墿锛屼粬浠線寰�涓嶈兘闆嗕腑娉ㄦ剰鍔涗簣浠ュ叧娉ㄣ��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鐢变簬涓婅堪鍘熷洜锛屽辜鍎胯皥璇濇椿鍔ㄤ腑鐨勮瘽棰橀�夋嫨涓庤璁″氨闈炲父鍏抽敭銆傛暀甯堝彧鏈夌粨鍚堝辜鍎跨殑鐗圭偣閫夋嫨浠栦滑鎰熷叴瓒ｇ殑璇濋锛屽苟鐢ㄥ辜鍎垮枩闂讳箰瑙佺殑褰㈠紡杩涜璁捐锛屾墠鑳戒繚闅滆皥璇濇椿鍔ㄧ殑鏁堢巼涓庢晥鏋溿�傛牴鎹粡楠屼赴瀵岀殑骞煎効鏁欏笀鐨勫垏韬綋楠岋紝閭ｄ簺涓嶆垚鍔熺殑骞煎効鍥皥璇濇椿鍔紝澶氭槸鍥犱负璇濋鐨勯�夋嫨涓嶈兘寰堝ソ鍦版縺鍙戝辜鍎跨殑鍏磋叮锛屾垨鑰呰瘽棰樼殑璁捐娌℃湁鍏呭垎鑰冭檻骞煎効鐨勫績鐞嗛渶瑕佷笌鎯呮劅闇�姹傘��
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">妗堜緥5-5</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-1">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center"><b>涓彮璋堣瘽娲诲姩锛氳泲浠庡摢閲屾潵</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 楗插吇鍛樼埛鐖蜂粠楗插吇瑙掔殑楦＄獫閲屽彇鍑轰竴涓垰涓嬬殑铔嬶紝瀛╁瓙浠珛鍒诲洿鎷㈣繃鏉ワ紝鏈夌殑鎽镐竴鎽革紝璇磋泲鏄儹涔庣殑锛涙湁鐨勫噾鍒伴浮绐濊竟鐮旂┒鐫�鏄摢鍙浮涓嬬殑锛涙湁鐨勫垯鍦ㄤ竴杈瑰ぇ璋�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="133">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(133) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">126</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鑷繁鐨勫悆铔嬬粡楠屻�傚湪瀛╁瓙鐨勭溂涓紝铔嬫槸涓�涓绉樼殑涓栫晫銆傜敱姝わ紝鑰佸笀缁勭粐寮�濮嬩簡瀵硅泲鐨勭爺绌躲��
+ </p>
+ <p>鑰佸笀锛氫綘浠煡閬撹繖涓泲鏄粠鍝効鏉ョ殑鍚楋紵</p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効1锛氭槸鎴戝濡堜粠甯傚満涔扮殑锛屾垜濡堝杩樿锛岄浮铔嬫槸楦′笅鐨勶紝楦泲鏄腑瀛愪笅鐨勩��
+ </p>
+ <p>骞煎効2锛氬锛岄箙涔熻兘涓嬭泲銆�</p>
+ <p>骞煎効3锛氳繕鏈夌尨瀛愩��</p>
+ <p>骞煎効4锛氫笉瀵癸紝鐚村瓙涓嶈兘涓嬭泲銆�</p>
+ <p>浜庢槸锛屸�滃摢浜涘姩鐗╀細涓嬭泲鈥濈殑璁ㄨ灏嗘椿鍔ㄦ帹鍚戜簡楂樻疆銆�</p>
+ <h4 id="d090">锛堜簩锛夐�夋嫨鍜岃璁′笌骞煎効鐢熸椿瀵嗗垏鐩稿叧鐨勮瘽棰�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 姝ｅ涓嬮潰鐨勭敓娲诲疄渚嬫墍琛ㄧ幇鐨勶紝鍦ㄥ辜鍎跨殑璋堣瘽娲诲姩涓紝骞煎効鎬绘槸鍩轰簬鑷繁鐨勭粡楠屽垽鏂簨鐗┿��
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">妗堜緥5-6</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-1">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center"><b>灏忕彮璋堣瘽娲诲姩锛氱洅瀛愰噷闈㈡槸浠�涔�</b></p>
+ <p>鑰佸笀鍦ㄥ崍椁愬墠鎶辨潵涓�涓洅瀛愩��</p>
+ <p>鑰佸笀锛氬皬鏈嬪弸浠紝杩欎釜鐩掑瓙閲岋紝鏀剧潃浠�涔堥鍝侊紵</p>
+ <p>骞煎効1锛氭垜鐚滄槸鑻规灉锛屽洜涓烘垜浠渶鍠滄鍚冭嫻鏋溿��</p>
+ <p>骞煎効2锛氭垜鐚滄槸瑗跨摐銆�</p>
+ <p>骞煎効3锛氭墠涓嶆槸鍛紝瑗跨摐鍦ㄧ泦閲屻��</p>
+ <p>骞煎効4锛氳涓嶅氨鏄帓楠紝鍗堥キ姝ｅソ鍚冩帓楠ㄢ�︹��</p>
+ <p>鑰佸笀锛氬皬鏈嬪弸浠紝鐪嬬湅杩欐牱鐨勭洅瀛愶紝浣犱粈涔堟椂鍊欒杩囧憖锛�</p>
+ <p>骞煎効5锛氬櫌锛屾垜鐭ラ亾浜嗭紝杩欓噷闈㈡槸鐢熸棩铔嬬硶锛�</p>
+ <p><br /></p>
+ <p>
+ 浠庝笂渚嬪彲浠ョ湅鍑猴紝骞煎効鐞嗚В浜嬬墿鐨勮兘鍔涘皻娴咃紝浠栦滑瀵逛簬浜嬬墿鐨勭悊瑙ｅ垰鍒氳繘灞曞埌鐩磋鎬濈淮闃舵锛屼絾鍚屾椂浠栦滑寰�寰�鍠滄浠庤嚜宸辩殑涓昏鎰忔効鍑哄彂锛屽凡缁忓紑濮嬪皾璇曟妸鐢熸椿涓幏寰楃殑缁忛獙杩愮敤浜庤皥璇濄�傚辜鍎垮垰鍒氫綋楠屾垨姝ｅ湪鎬濊�冪殑璇濋锛屾槸浠栦滑鏈�鏈夊叴瓒ｇ殑鍐呭銆傚彧鏈夎瘽棰樿创杩戝辜鍎跨殑鍏蜂綋鐢熸椿鎴栬�呭唴鍦ㄤ笘鐣岋紝浠栦滑鎵嶅彲鑳藉湪璋堣瘽涓Н鏋佹�濈淮銆佹椿璺冭〃杈俱�傚洜姝わ紝鏁欏笀瀵逛簬璇濋鐨勯�夊彇鑷劧瑕佷笌浠栦滑鐨勭敓娲荤粡楠岀浉閫傚簲銆傝繖鏍凤紝涓嶄粎鍙互涓板瘜浠栦滑鐨勭敓娲荤粡楠岋紝鏇村彲浠ュ紩瀵间粬浠妸瀵瑰瑙備簨鐗╃殑鎰熺煡鍦ㄨ〃杈捐繃绋嬩腑澶栨樉锛屼粠鑰屽疄鐜颁粬浠鐭ョ殑娣卞寲涓庢潯鐞嗗寲銆傝鐪熻瀵熷拰鐔熸倝骞煎効鐢熸椿锛屽皧閲嶅辜鍎跨殑璁ょ煡瑙勫緥锛屽苟鎹璁捐涓庝粬浠敓娲诲瘑鍒囩浉鍏崇殑璇濋鏄辜鍎垮洯璋堣瘽娲诲姩鐨勫熀鏈姹傘��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鎴戜滑鍙互瑙傚療鍒拌繖鏍风殑鐜拌薄锛氬浜庡辜鍎胯皥璇濈殑璇濋鑰岃█锛屾潵婧愪簬骞煎効鐢熸椿鐨勬瘮鏉ユ簮浜庢暀甯堣璁＄殑鍙兘鏇村銆備竴浜涙椿鍔ㄥ父甯稿彂鐢熷湪杩欐牱鐨勬儏鏅腑锛氭暀甯堟敞鎰忓埌骞煎効鍏虫敞浠�涔堬紝骞朵笖鍒╃敤杩欎簺鏈轰細閫氳繃璋堣瘽鐨勬柟寮忔嫇灞曚粬浠殑鍏磋叮涓庣埍濂斤紝鍚屾椂淇冭繘浠栦滑鐨勮瑷�鍙戝睍銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="134">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(134) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗簲绔� 骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">127</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <h4 id="d091">锛堜笁锛夐�夋嫨鍜岃璁″辜鍎胯兘澶熻皥璁虹殑璇濋</h4>
+ <p>
+ 濡傚墠鎵�杩帮紝铏界劧骞煎効鐨勪釜鎬т腑鏈夊枩娆㈡兂璞＄殑鍥犲瓙锛屼絾浣滀负璋堣瘽娲诲姩锛屽畠鐨勪富瑕佸唴瀹硅繕鏄潵婧愪簬骞煎効鍦ㄧ敓娲讳腑鐨勫叿浣撲綋楠屾垨鎬濊�冦�傚涔犳湰韬氨鏄綋楠岀殑绉疮銆佹彁鐐煎拰瀵逛綋楠岃繃绋嬪強鎬濈淮杩囩▼鐨勫弽鎬濄�傜淮鏋滆尐鍩烘彁鍑烘渶杩戝彂灞曞尯鍜岃剼鎵嬫灦鐞嗚锛岃姹傛暀鑲茶繃绋嬩腑鍒跺畾鐨勭洰鏍囪瀵瑰彈鏁欒偛鑰呮湁閫傚害鐨勬寫鎴樻�э紝骞朵笖姝よ繃绋嬮渶瑕佹暀甯堢殑鎸囧鍜屽府鍔┿�傚疄璺典腑鏈変簺鏁欏笀鐨勮瘽棰樿璁″緱闅惧害杩囧ぇ锛岃櫧鐒剁敤蹇冭壇鑻︼紝浣嗘瘯绔熶笉鏄熀浜庣幇瀹炪�傚辜鍎胯皥璇濊瘽棰樼殑閫夋嫨蹇呴』浠ュ辜鍎垮湪鏁欏笀鐨勫府鍔╀笅缁忚繃鍔姏鍙互椹鹃┉涓哄師鍒欙紝鑰屽璇濋灞曞紑鐨勮璁″簲璇ヤ緷鎹辜鍎胯鐭ヤ簨鐗╃殑瑙勫緥锛岄『搴斿辜鍎跨殑娲诲姩銆�
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">妗堜緥5-7</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-1">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center"><b>灏忕彮璋堣瘽娲诲姩锛氱墿浣撲负浠�涔堟湁鎯�э紙鑺傞�夛級</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 鑰佸笀锛氬皬鏈嬪弸浠紝椋庡惞鏉ワ紝鑽夊集寮殑锛岃韩浣撴�讳笉鑳界洿璧锋潵锛屾槸鍥犱负鎯�с��
+ </p>
+ <p>骞煎効1锛氳�佸笀锛屼粈涔堟槸鎯�э紵</p>
+ <p>鑰佸笀锛氭儻鎬у氨鏄繚鎸佸師鏉ョ殑鐘舵�佷笉鍙樼殑鎬ц川銆�</p>
+ <p>骞煎効2锛氳�佸笀锛屾�ц川鏄粈涔堜笢瑗匡紵</p>
+ <p>锛堣�佸笀鑻︽�濆啣鎯炽�傦級</p>
+ <p><br /></p>
+ <p>
+ 瀵逛簬灏忕彮骞煎効鑰岃█锛屾儻鎬ф湰韬槸涓�绉嶅辜鍎块毦浠ユ妸鎻＄殑鐜拌薄锛岃秴鍑轰簡浠栦滑鐨勮鐭ヨ寖鍥达紝鍐嶅姞涓婃椿鍔ㄤ腑鏁欏笀涓嶆槸浠ュ舰璞＄殑璇█杩涜琛ㄨ堪鐨勶紝鑰屾槸杩愮敤浜嗗浜庡辜鍎胯�岃█姣旇緝娣卞ゥ鐨勪笓涓氭�ф湳璇紝骞煎効涓嶆槑鐧斤紝鏁欏笀娣遍櫡鑻︽伡锛岄棶棰樺嚭鐜板湪閫夊彇鐨勮瘽棰樻槸骞煎効娌℃湁鑳藉姏璋堣鐨勩��
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk">
+ <div class="bk1">
+ <p><span class="bj2">骞煎効鍥暀甯堣祫鏍艰瘉鑰冭瘯路鑰冪偣棰勬祴</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-2">
+ <p>
+ <img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="../../images/tb-1.png" />
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 璋堣瘽娲诲姩鐨勮璁′笌缁勭粐鏄粈涔堝叧绯伙紵鍦ㄥ辜鍎胯皥璇濇椿鍔ㄤ腑锛屽簲璇ヨ璁′粈涔堟牱鐨勮瘽棰橈紵
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+ </span>
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p v-if="showAnswer3">
+ <b>绛旈鎬濊矾锛�</b
+ >涓�涓悎鏍肩殑骞煎効鏁欏笀搴旇鏃㈣兘璁捐濂芥椿鍔紝鍙堝杽浜庡湪骞煎効娲诲姩涓繘琛屽叿浣撶殑娲诲姩缁勭粐锛岃繖鏄敱鏁欏笀瀵瑰辜鍎跨殑鏁欒偛涓庣鐞嗙殑鑱岃矗鍐冲畾鐨勩��
+ </p>
+ <p v-if="showAnswer3">
+ 骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩涓殑璇濋璁捐闇�瑕佽�冭檻鍓嶉潰鐨勪笁涓绱狅細骞煎効鎰熷叴瓒ｏ紝涓庡辜鍎跨敓娲诲瘑鍒囩浉鍏筹紝骞煎効鑳藉璋堣銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ <h3 id="c036">涓夈�佸辜鍎胯皥璇濇椿鍔ㄧ殑缁勭粐涓庢寚瀵�</h3>
+ <h4 id="d092">锛堜竴锛夊垱璁炬儏澧冿紝婵�鍙戝辜鍎胯皥璇濆叴瓒�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 璇濊鐨勮〃杈剧涓嶅紑鍏蜂綋鐨勮澧冦�傚浜庡浜庣洿瑙傛�濈淮闃舵鐨勫辜鍎胯�岃█锛岃皥璇濊澧冪殑鍒涜鏇翠负閲嶈銆傘�婃寚鍗椼�嬩腑瀵规鎻愬嚭浜嗘槑纭姹傦紝杩欓噷锛屾垜浠笉濡ㄩ噸鏂版俯涔狅細鈥滃辜鍎跨殑璇█鑳藉姏鏄湪浜ゆ祦鍜岃繍鐢ㄧ殑杩囩▼涓彂灞曡捣鏉ョ殑銆傚簲涓哄辜鍎垮垱璁捐嚜鐢便�佸鏉剧殑璇█浜ゅ線鐜锛岄紦鍔卞拰鏀寔骞煎効涓庢垚浜恒�佸悓浼翠氦娴侊紝璁╁辜鍎挎兂璇淬�佹暍璇淬�佸枩娆㈣骞惰兘寰�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="135">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(135) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">128</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鍒扮Н鏋佸洖搴斻�傗�濋�傚疁鐨勮澧冿紝鑷敱鐨勭┖闂达紝娓╅Θ鐨勬皼鍥达紝瀵逛簬骞煎効灏濊瘯鍦ㄨ瘽璇柟闈㈣繍鐢ㄨ嚜宸辩殑鍒涢�犳�ц嚦鍏抽噸瑕侊紝浠栦滑涔熷簲璇ュ湪杩欐牱鐨勫叧蹇冨拰鐖辨姢涓嬪皾璇曠潃鍚戜笘鐣屽彂鍑鸿嚜宸辩殑澹伴煶銆備粬浠殑澹伴煶鏄俯娑︾殑銆佹鍠滅殑锛岃繕鏄毚韬佺殑銆佺劍铏戠殑锛屽叾瀹炴牴鏈殑鍘熷洜灏卞湪浜庢垜浠粰骞煎効鎻愪緵鐨勮繖涓儏澧冨浣曪紝灏变豢浣涘濡堢粰骞煎効鐨勬��鎶憋紝鐖哥埜缁欏辜鍎跨殑鎽囩銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩涓儏澧冪殑鍒涜鏈夊绉嶆柟娉曪紝鍙互鍏呭垎杩愮敤鐜╁叿鍜屾暀鍏风瓑瀹炵墿鍒涜鎯呭锛屼篃鍙互鍚戝辜鍎垮睍绀哄彲瑙嗗彲鍚殑鍏蜂綋褰㈣薄涓板瘜鎯呭锛岃繕鍙互杩愮敤鐢熷姩褰㈣薄鐨勮瑷�鎻忚堪婵�鍙戝辜鍎跨殑鎯宠薄锛岃浠栦滑鐨勫唴蹇冩挨姘蹭竴绉嶅唴鍦ㄧ殑蹇箰锛岃繕鍙互鎶婂瀛愬甫鍒颁竴涓俯棣ㄤ紭缇庣殑鑷劧鐜涓紝璁╁北灞辨按姘翠笌浠栦滑瀵硅瘽銆備粖澶╃殑瀛╁瓙鏈夋椂绂昏嚜鐒惰繙浜嗭紝鎴戜滑浼间箮蹇樿浜嗕翰杩戣嚜鐒舵槸姣忎竴涓敓鍛戒綋鏈�鏈湡鐨勯渶瑕併�傝瘯鎯筹紝骞煎効缃韩浜庝竴涓畞闈欏畨鍏ㄧ殑鑷劧鐜锛岃皥璇濇湰韬憜鑴变簡璇惧爞鐨勬潫缂氾紝鍥炲綊鍒颁汉绫讳箣鍒濈殑鎺㈢储涓庡皾璇曞疄璺典腑锛岃皥璇濇垚涓鸿嚜鐒剁殑浜ゆ祦锛屾垚涓虹敓娲荤殑闇�瑕併��
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk">
+ <div class="bk1">
+ <p><span class="bj2">骞煎効鍥暀甯堣祫鏍艰瘉鑰冭瘯路鐪熼鍐嶇幇</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-2">
+ <p>
+ <img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="../../images/tb-1.png" />
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <b>2022骞翠笂鍗婂勾銆婁繚鏁欑煡璇嗕笌鑳藉姏銆嬫椿鍔ㄨ璁￠</b>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 澶х彮鐨勬睙鑰佸笀鍑哄樊涓ゅぉ銆傚洖鏉ヤ互鍚庯紝瀛╁瓙浠兘杩囨潵鍛婁寒浜殑鐘讹紝璇翠寒浜�绘槸鎼炵牬鍧忋�備寒浜嵈璇达細鈥滄垜涓嶆槸鍦ㄦ悶鐮村潖锛屾垜鏄瓩鎮熺┖锛屾垜鍦ㄦ墦濡栨��傗�濇櫠鏅惰锛氣�滄垜涓嶆槸濡栨�紝鎴戞槸鍞愬儳銆傗�濆叾浠栧瀛愪篃璇存垜涓嶆槸濡栨�紝杩樻湁瀛╁瓙璇磋嚜宸辨槸鐜夌殗澶у笣銆備篃鏈夌殑璇磋嚜宸变篃鏄瓩鎮熺┖锛岃繕瑕佹壆婕斿瓩鎮熺┖銆傚瀛愪滑涓冨槾鍏垖锛屾棭灏卞繕璁颁簡鍛婄姸杩欎欢浜嬶紝閮藉紑濮嬭璁鸿嚜宸辫鎵紨浠�涔堛��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 闂锛氳璁捐璋堣瘽娲诲姩锛屼粠瀛欐偀绌虹殑琛屼负鐩殑鍜屾剰涔夊嚭鍙戯紝灏嗗辜鍎跨殑鐮村潖鎬ф壆婕旇涓哄紩瀵兼垚涓鸿〃婕旀�ф父鎴忚涓恒�傝姹傚啓鍑哄悕瀛椼�佺洰鐨勫拰娲诲姩杩囩▼銆�
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <h5 id="e107">锛堜簩锛夊鍏ヨ瘽棰橈紝寮曞骞煎効鍥寸粫璇濋鐣呮墍娆茶█</h5>
+ <p class="center openImgBox">
+ <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../../images/0148-1.jpg" />
+ </p>
+ <p class="img">鍥�5-3 鑷劧鐢熸椿涓殑浜ゆ祦鏄績杩涘辜鍎挎垚闀跨殑閲嶈鍔涢噺</p>
+ <p>
+ 淇楄瘽璇粹�滃ソ鐨勫紑澶存槸鎴愬姛鐨勪竴鍗娾�濓紝宸у鍦拌璁¤瘽棰樼殑寮�澶达紝灏辩瓑浜庢壘鍒颁簡涓�鎶婃墦寮�璋堣瘽娲诲姩涔嬮棬鐨勯挜鍖欍�傛湁缁忛獙鐨勬暀甯堝彂鐜帮紝骞煎効鐨勪氦娴侀鏍煎崈宸竾鍒細鏈夌殑骞煎効娓存湜浜ゆ祦锛屾湁鐨勫辜鍎跨緸浜庤〃杈撅紝鏈夌殑骞煎効琛ㄨ揪娴佺晠銆佸０闊虫椽浜紝浣嗕篃鏈夌殑骞煎効璇磋瘽鍟板攩銆佸紶鍙ｇ粨鑸屻�傛暀鑲茬殑浜嬩笟闇�瑕佹垜浠潰瀵规瘡涓笉鍚岀殑瀛╁瓙锛岀粰浜堜粬浠簲鏈夌殑鏁欒偛锛屾墍浠ヤ粠骞煎効鐢熸椿鐨勭幇瀹炲叴瓒ｄ笌闇�瑕佸叆鎵嬶紝寮曞叆璇濋锛屽辜鍎垮氨瀹规槗绉绘儏鍏ュ銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 瑕佷负骞煎効钀ラ�犵晠鎵�娆茶█鐨勮皥璇濇皼鍥达紝鏁欏笀搴旇浠庝互涓嬩笁涓柟闈㈠叆鎵嬨�傞鍏堬紝鏁欏笀瑕佺粰浜堝辜鍎夸汉鏍间笂鐨勫皧閲嶃�傚挨鍏跺浜庤儐瀛愭瘮杈冨皬銆佽〃杈炬按骞虫瘮杈冧綆鐨勫辜鍎匡紝鍥犱负浠栦滑鐨勫績鐞嗙浉瀵硅剢寮憋紝鏇撮渶瑕佸叧娉ㄥ拰灏婇噸銆傛暀甯堜笉浠呬笉鑳界矖鏆村湴鎵撴柇瀛╁瓙鐨勮瘽璇紝
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="136">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(136) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗簲绔� 骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">129</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 涔熶笉鑳戒笉椤惧辜鍎跨殑蹇冪悊鎵垮彈鑳藉姏鐩存帴鎸囧嚭浠栦滑璇濊涓殑闂锛屾洿涓嶈兘鍥犱负骞煎効琛ㄨ揪涓嶅ソ瀵逛粬浠繘琛屾壒璇勮鍒恒�傚叾娆★紝杩樿鑰愬績鍊惧惉銆傛暀甯堢殑鑰愬績鍊惧惉鏄竴绉嶅寘瀹圭殑鎬佸害鍜屾剦蹇殑鎺ョ撼銆傚辜鍎夸細鍦ㄨ繖鏍风殑鍖呭涓庢帴绾充腑鍩瑰吇鍑轰箰瑙傚悜涓婄殑蹇冩�侊紝鍦ㄨ皥璇濇椿鍔ㄤ腑鍏绘垚鐣呮墍娆茶█鐨勪範鎯�傛渶鍚庯紝鏁欏笀杩樿鍦ㄨ皥璇濇椿鍔ㄤ腑鍥犲娍鍒╁銆傛暀甯堢殑鍥犲娍鍒╁鏈夌潃寮虹儓鐨勭幇鍦烘劅锛屾棦鏄骞煎効鐨勫紩瀵硷紝鍙堟槸涓庡辜鍎跨殑鍚堜綔锛屼篃鏄暀甯堝拰骞煎効鍩轰簬鍏卞悓闈㈠鐨勯棶棰橀泦浣撳仛鍑虹殑鎺㈢储涓庡皾璇曘�傚涓嬮潰鐨勬渚嬶紙妗堜緥5-8锛夋墍绀猴紝鏁欏笀鍏堝垱璁句簡鐢熷姩鐨勯棶棰樻儏澧冿紝寮曞骞煎効鍜屾暀甯堜竴璧峰叡鍚岃瀵熷拰璇勪环灏忕尓鐨勭敓娲讳範鎯��
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">妗堜緥5-8</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-1">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center"><b>灏忕彮璋堣瘽娲诲姩锛氬皬鐚簲璇ユ�庝箞鍋�</b></p>
+ <p>鑰佸笀锛氫负浠�涔堝皬鍏斿瓙鍜屽皬鐧介箙閮戒笉鎰挎剰璺熷皬鐚帺锛�</p>
+ <p>骞煎効锛氬洜涓哄皬鐚お鑴忎簡銆�</p>
+ <p>鑰佸笀锛氬皬鐚鎬庝箞鍔炲憿锛熷挶浠潵甯粬鎯充釜鍔炴硶鍚с��</p>
+ <p>骞煎効1锛氳嚜宸辩帺銆�</p>
+ <p>骞煎効2锛氳嚜宸辩帺澶氭病鎰忔�濄�傚啀鎵惧埆浜哄幓銆�</p>
+ <p>骞煎効3锛氬埆浜轰篃浼氬珜浠栬剰锛屼笉璺熶粬鐜┿�傚皬鐚簲璇ユ礂骞插噣銆�</p>
+ <p>鈥︹��</p>
+ <p>鑰佸笀锛氬挶浠潵鐪嬬湅灏忕尓鏄�庝箞鍋氱殑銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 涓婁緥涓紝鑰佸笀鍏堝紩瀵煎辜鍎胯繘琛屽彂鏁ｆ�х殑鎬濊�冿紝璁ㄨ灏忕尓涓轰粈涔堜笉鍙楀皬鍔ㄧ墿娆㈣繋锛岃繘鑰屽紩瀵煎皬鏈嬪弸浠府鍔╁皬鐚兂鍔炴硶锛屽皧閲嶇殑鎬佸害銆佸紩瀵肩殑鎶�宸э紝閮芥伆鍒板ソ澶勩��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e108">锛堜笁锛夌粍缁囧悎浣滐紝淇冭繘骞煎効寤朵几鎬濊矾銆佹嫇灞曡瘽棰�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 璋堣瘽娲诲姩鏄竴椤归泦浣撴椿鍔紝鍝�曞垎鎴愬皬缁勪篃娌℃湁鏀瑰彉鍏堕泦浣撴椿鍔ㄧ殑鎬ц川銆傚湪闆嗕綋娲诲姩涓紝骞煎効浣滀负娲诲姩鐨勪富浣撳繀鐒堕渶瑕佷簰鍔ㄤ笌浜ゆ祦锛屼絾鏄紝澶勪簬绀句細鍖栧垵鏈熺殑骞煎効锛岃繕瀛樺湪鑷垜涓績鐨勫�惧悜锛岃嚜璇磋嚜璇濈殑鐜拌薄鍦ㄥ辜鍎垮垵鏈熼潪甯稿父瑙侊紝涓嬮潰涓や釜灏忕彮骞煎効鐨勮皥璇濆氨褰㈣薄鍦拌鏄庝簡杩欎竴鐐广��
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">妗堜緥5-9</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-1">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p>骞煎効1锛氭垜鐖哥埜寰堥珮銆�</p>
+ <p>骞煎効2锛氱倰楗ソ鍚冦��</p>
+ <p>骞煎効1锛氫粬涓惧緱楂樸��</p>
+ <p>骞煎効2锛氭瘮闈㈡潯濂藉悆銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効1涓庡辜鍎�2鍚勮嚜娌夋蹈鍦ㄨ嚜宸辩殑璋堣瘽鍐呭涓紝瀵逛簬浼欎即鐨勮瘽璇牴鏈棤鏆囬【鍙娿�傝繖鏄洜涓哄辜鍎跨ぞ浼氬寲涓嶈冻鑰屽瓨鍦ㄧ殑姝ｅ父鐜拌薄銆�
+ </p>
+ <p><br /></p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀缁勭粐娲诲姩鍜岀鐞嗘椿鍔ㄧ殑鑳藉姏鏄辜鍎挎暀甯堥噸瑕佺殑鑳藉姏涔嬩竴銆備綔涓烘暀甯堬紝搴旇鏈夋晥鍦板紩瀵煎辜鍎块�愭笎鍏虫敞浠栦汉璇濊锛岄�愭笎褰㈡垚鍚堜綔鐨勬剰璇嗭紝淇冭繘骞煎効娓愭笎鑳藉涓�璧峰悎浣滃叡鍚屽欢浼告�濊矾锛屾繁鍖栨帰绌跺拰鎷撳睍璇濋銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="137">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(137) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">130</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <h5 id="e109">锛堝洓锛夐殣鎬хず鑼冿紝涓板瘜骞煎効璋堣瘽缁忛獙</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄨ皥璇濇椿鍔ㄤ腑锛屾暀甯堣█璇ず鑼冪殑浣滅敤鍗佸垎鏄捐憲銆備絾鍦ㄨ█璇ず鑼冧腑锛屽苟涓嶆槸绠�鍗曞湴瑕佹眰骞煎効鎸夌収鏁欏笀鐨勮〃杈捐繘琛屸�滃杩扳�濓紝鑰屾槸瑕侀�氳繃璋堣瘽鍐呭鐨勬嫇瀹戒笌鍔犳繁锛屼互鈥滈殣鎬р�濈殑鏂瑰紡鎮勭劧鏃犲０鍦板畬鎴愮ず鑼冦�傝繖鏄竴绉嶄互绉疮鍜屼赴瀵屽辜鍎垮疄璺电粡楠屼负鐩殑鐨勫紩瀵笺�傚湪杩欎釜杩囩▼涓紝鏁欏笀搴旇鏃跺埢鎬濊�冣�滄�庢牱鎵嶈兘璁╁辜鍎垮浼氳皥璇濃�濊繖涓�鐩爣锛岄伩鍏嶆妸璇█绀鸿寖鍜岃皥璇濈粡楠屽眬闄愬湪鍑犱釜璇嶈鎴栬�呬竴涓や釜鍙ュ紡鐨勫涔犺繖鏍风殑鐙殬璁よ瘑涓婏紝鏇撮噸瑕佺殑鏄兘澶熶粠璋堣瘽鎬佸害鍜岃皥璇濊兘鍔涗袱涓柟闈㈡彁鍗囧辜鍎跨殑璋堣瘽姘村钩銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄩ殣鎬хず鑼冨拰涓板瘜骞煎効璋堣瘽缁忛獙鐨勮繃绋嬩腑锛屾暀甯堣繕鍙互鍚堢悊杩愮敤澶氬獟浣撶殑鎵嬫锛岀敤浜旈鍏壊鐨勫浘鐗囥�佺敓鍔ㄥ舰璞＄殑鍔ㄧ敾銆佸濮垮褰╃殑瀹炵墿绛夋潗鏂欎赴瀵屽辜鍎跨殑缁忛獙锛屽苟涓旀敞鎰忥細寮曞骞煎効璁よ瘑璇█鏄В鍐抽棶棰樼殑閲嶈鎵嬫銆傚彧鏈夊辜鍎挎竻鏅板湴鎰忚瘑鍒拌瑷�鍦ㄧ敓娲讳腑鐨勯噸瑕佷綔鐢ㄦ椂锛屾墠鑳藉鑷鍦拌繍鐢ㄨ瑷�鍜屾彁楂樿嚜宸辩殑璇█琛ㄨ揪鑳藉姏銆�
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk">
+ <div class="bk1">
+ <p><span class="bj2">鎯充竴鎯�</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-4">
+ <p>
+ <img class="rwmb-2" alt="" src="../../images/tb-2.png" />
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <b>骞煎効鐨勭粡楠屽浜庡辜鍎跨殑璋堣瘽娲诲姩鏈夊摢浜涘奖鍝嶏紵</b>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏈夎澶氫汉璁や负锛屼綔涓哄辜鍎挎暀甯堣娉ㄩ噸骞煎効鐨勭煡璇嗗涔狅紝涓嶈兘璁╁瀛愯緭鍦ㄨ捣璺戠嚎涓婏紝瑕佹彁鏃╅噸瑙嗗瀛愮殑鐭ヨ瘑鍩瑰吇锛涗絾涔熸湁浜鸿涓猴紝绔ュ勾搴旇鏄棤蹇ф棤铏戠殑锛屽簲璇ヨ骞煎効鑷敱鍦扮粡鍘嗭紝鑷敱鍦版垚闀裤�傚瀛愮殑绔ュ勾鍒板簳搴旇鎬庢牱搴﹁繃锛熶綘鐨勭湅娉曟槸浠�涔堬紵
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">娲诲姩妗堜緥5-1</span></p>
+ <div class="tp">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center"><b>涓彮璋堣瘽娲诲姩锛氱偣瀛愬叕鍙�</b></p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩鐩爣锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�1锛夊垱璁惧悎鐞嗘湁瓒ｇ殑璋堣瘽鎯呭锛岄紦鍔卞辜鍎垮湪闆嗕綋闈㈠墠澶ц儐鍙戣〃鑷繁鐨勮瑙ｃ��
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�2锛夊垵姝ョ悊瑙ｈ瘝璇�滅偣瀛愨�濄��</p>
+ <p>锛�3锛変綋楠屽垱閫犲拰鎴愬姛鐨勫揩涔愩��</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛堟椿鍔ㄧ洰鏍囨槸涓�娆℃椿鍔ㄨ杈惧埌鐨勫叿浣撴晥鏋滐紝瀹冩槸娲诲姩璁捐鐨勬牳蹇冨拰鍏抽敭瑕佺礌銆傛椿鍔ㄧ洰鏍囧簲璇ュ叧娉ㄥ辜鍎跨殑鍏ㄩ潰鎴愰暱锛屽叿浣撶洰鏍囪繕瑕佸悓鏃朵笌骞煎効娲诲姩鐨勬�荤洰鏍囧強鍚勫勾榫勯樁娈垫垚闀夸笌鍙戝睍鐨勬�荤洰鏍囩浉鍚诲悎銆傦級
+ </p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩鍑嗗锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 涓�寮犺儗鏅浘锛堢偣瀛愬叕鍙革級锛屼簲寮犲姩鐗╁浘鐗囷紙鐙愮嫺銆佸埡鐚�佺嫍銆佷箤榫熴�佺嫯瀛愶級
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛堝厖鍒嗙殑娲诲姩鍑嗗鏄紩瀵煎辜鍎胯繘鍏ユ儏澧冪殑閲嶈鏉′欢銆傝閫傚簲骞煎効鐨勮鐭ユ按骞筹紝鑹插僵椴滆壋銆佸舰璞℃椿娉肩殑灏忓姩鐗╁崱閫氬浘鐗囧線寰�鍙楀埌骞煎効鐨勫枩娆紝瀵逛簬娲诲姩鍔╃泭鑹銆傦級
+ </p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩杩囩▼锛�</b></p>
+ <p>锛堜竴锛夎捣濮嬬幆鑺傦細鍑虹ず鐙愮嫺鍥剧墖锛屽紩鍑鸿皥璇濈殑涓婚</p>
+ <p>
+ 鑰佸笀锛氭．鏋楅噷浣忕潃涓�鍙嫄鐙革紝浠栧緢浼氬姩鑴戠瓔锛屾湁璁稿濂界偣瀛愩�傚皬鏈嬪弸浠紝浠�涔堝彨鈥滅偣瀛愨�濓紵
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛堝浜庘�滅偣瀛愨�濊繖涓�骞煎効姣旇緝闄岀敓鍚屾椂鍙堟槸娲诲姩涓殑鍏抽敭璇嶈锛屽紩瀵煎辜鍎胯皥璁猴紝杩�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="138">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(138) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗簲绔� 骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">131</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 涓嶄粎绐佸嚭浜嗘椿鍔ㄧ殑閲嶇偣锛屾洿鍙互寮曞彂骞煎効鐨勬�濊�冿紝浠庤�屽煿鍏诲辜鍎垮浜嬬墿鐨勬�濊�冧範鎯笌鑳藉姏銆傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>锛堝辜鍎胯〃杈捐嚜宸卞鈥滅偣瀛愨�濈殑鐪嬫硶銆傦級</p>
+ <p>
+ 鑰佸笀灏忕粨锛氱偣瀛愬氨鏄ソ鍔炴硶锛屽ソ涓绘剰锛屽ソ鏂规硶銆傚彧瑕佽皝鏈夐毦棰橈紝鍘绘壘鐙愮嫺锛屼粬灏变細甯綘鍑虹偣瀛愶紝鎯冲姙娉曘��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛堝湪骞煎効璋堣鐨勫熀纭�涓婅繘琛屽綊绾冲拰姒傛嫭銆傛棦鐒舵槸姒傛嫭锛岃瑷�涓�瀹氳绠�娲併�佸噯纭�傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>锛堜簩锛夊熀鏈幆鑺�</p>
+ <p>1.灏忕嫄鐙稿府鐚村瓙鍑虹偣瀛�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鑰佸笀锛氬悗鏉ワ紝灏忕嫄鐙稿湪妫灄閲屽紑浜嗕竴瀹剁偣瀛愬叕鍙革紙鍑虹ず鐐瑰瓙鍏徃鍥剧墖锛夛紝涓撻棬甯汉鍑虹偣瀛愶紝甯汉瑙ｅ喅闅鹃銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛堚�滃嚭鐐瑰瓙鈥濆悗鎺モ�滆В鍐抽毦棰樷�濓紝鏁欏笀鐨勮瑷�鍑嗙‘鑰屼笖鍒叿鍖犲績銆傦級</p>
+ <p>
+ 鑰佸笀锛氬紑寮犵涓�澶╋紝璋佹潵浜嗭紵锛堝皬鐚存墜鎷夸竴涓儌鏋滃瓙锛夌尨鍏堢敓瀵圭嫄鐙歌锛氣�滄垜鐨勬灉鏍戜笂闀挎弧浜嗚櫕锛屼綘鑳戒笉鑳芥兂涓姙娉曪紝涓嶇敤鍐滆嵂灏辨秷鐏灉鏍戜笂鐨勫铏憿锛熲�濆皬鐙愮嫺鐪肩彔涓�杞紝鎯冲嚭浜嗗ソ鍔炴硶锛屼粬瀵圭尨鍏堢敓璇达細鈥滀綘鍙鍦ㄦ灉鏍戜笂鍋氬嚑涓笩绐濆氨鍙互浜嗐�傗��
+ </p>
+ <p>锛堣�佸笀鐢熷姩褰㈣薄鍦伴檲杩版儏鑺傦紝渚夸簬寮曞骞煎効杩涘叆鎯呭銆傦級</p>
+ <p>鏁欏笀锛氬皬鐙愮嫺涓轰粈涔堣鐚村厛鐢熷仛鍑犱釜楦熺獫鍛紵</p>
+ <p>锛堥棶寰楀銆傞棶棰樺湪骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩鐨勭粍缁囦笌瀹炴柦涓綔鐢ㄦ槑鏄俱�傦級</p>
+ <p>锛堝辜鍎胯皥璇濓級</p>
+ <p>
+ 灏忕粨锛氱尨鍏堢敓鐓у皬鐙愮嫺鐨勭偣瀛愬幓鍋氫簡锛屾灉鐒堕鏉ヤ簡璁稿灏忛笩锛屽畠浠湅瀹堢潃鏋滄爲锛屽悆鎺変簡瀹宠櫕锛岃嫻鏋滈暱寰楀張绾㈠張澶с�傝繖娑堟伅涓�浼犲紑锛岃澶氬姩鐗╅兘鎯虫潵鍙嫄鐙稿嚭鐐瑰瓙浜嗐��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛堢粨璇殑杩愮敤寰堥噸瑕侊紝瀹冨苟涓嶆槸鍙湁鍙棤鐨勩�傚辜鍎夸細鍦ㄨ繖鏍风殑绀鸿寖涓浼氭�濈淮鐨勬敹鏉燂紝骞跺吇鎴愬杽濮嬪杽缁堢殑琛ㄨ揪涔犳儻銆傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>2.澶у甯埡鐚嚭鐐瑰瓙</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀鍙欒堪锛氶瀷搴楄�佹澘鍒虹尙鍋氫簡璁稿闉嬪瓙锛岋紙鍑虹ず鎻掑浘锛夌Н鍘嬪湪浠撳簱閲屾病浜烘潵涔帮紝鐙愮嫺鍚簡锛屽井寰竴绗戯紝灏辨兂鍑轰簡濂界偣瀛愶紝浣犱滑鐚滅寽浠栨兂鍒颁簡浠�涔堝ソ鐐瑰瓙銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛堝湪鏁呬簨鎯呰妭涓祵鍏ョ幇瀹炵殑鎯呰妭锛屽垱璁炬儏澧冿紝寮曞彂骞煎効鐨勫垱鏂版�ф�濊�冨拰璋堣瘽銆傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>锛堝辜鍎胯璁猴級</p>
+ <p>3.澶у鍚勮嚜涓虹嫍銆佷箤榫熴�佺尨瀛愬嚭鐐瑰瓙</p>
+ <p>锛堟暀甯堣�愬績鍊惧惉骞煎効鐨勮鐐癸紝榧撳姳骞煎効琛ㄨ揪銆傦級</p>
+ <p>
+ 鑰佸笀锛氱偣瀛愬叕鍙哥殑鍚嶆皵瓒婃潵瓒婂ぇ锛屾潵姹傜嫄鐙稿府蹇欑殑鍔ㄧ墿涔熻秺鏉ヨ秺澶氾紝灏忕嫄鐙稿繖涓嶈繃鏉ヤ簡锛岃灏忔湅鍙嬩竴璧锋潵鎯冲姙娉曘��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛堝紩瀵煎辜鍎跨寽鎯筹紝淇冭繘骞煎効鎬濈淮涔犳儻鐨勫吇鎴愶紝杩欐槸骞煎効杩涜琛ㄨ揪鐨勫熀纭�鐜妭銆傛敞鎰忚繖閲屼竴瀹氳缁欏辜鍎夸竴瀹氱殑鎬濊�冩椂闂淬�傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鑰佸笀闂細鐙楀濡堣鍑洪棬浜嗭紝灏忕嫍鍦ㄥ鍚甸椆鎬庝箞鍔烇紵锛堝嚭绀烘彃鍥撅級涔岄緹鐨勫附瀛愰鍒版爲涓婃嬁涓嶄笅鏉ユ�庝箞鍔烇紵鐙瓙娌℃湅鍙嬶紝鎬庝箞鍔烇紵
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛堜负骞煎効鍒楀嚭鍑犵鍔ㄧ墿鐨勪笉鍚屾�ц川鐨勯棶棰橈紝寮曞骞煎効鍑虹偣瀛愶紝鍔ㄧ墿澶氭牱锛岃瘽棰樺紑闃旓紝鐢辨骞煎効鍒涢�犳�ф�濈淮鍜岃〃杈剧殑绌洪棿涔熷繀鐒跺箍闃斻�傦級
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="139">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(139) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">132</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>锛堝辜鍎胯璁猴紝鑰佸笀鐐硅瘎锛�</p>
+ <p>锛堜笁锛夌粨鏉熺幆鑺�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鑰佸笀锛氬皬鍔ㄧ墿浠湪鐢熸椿涓亣鍒颁簡璁稿鍥伴毦锛屽皬鏈嬪弸鍦ㄥ钩鏃堕亣鍒拌繃鍥伴毦鍚楋紵
+ </p>
+ <p>寤鸿锛氭垜浠篃鏉ュ紑涓�瀹剁偣瀛愬叕鍙革紝涓撻棬瑙ｅ喅灏忔湅鍙嬬殑鍥伴毦銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛堢粨灏剧殑澶勭悊杩涗竴姝ユ妸鏁呬簨鎯呰妭鐢熸椿鍖栵紝鏆楃ず骞煎効鐐瑰瓙鍏徃鍦ㄧ幇瀹炵敓娲讳腑鐨勯噸瑕佷环鍊笺�傛暣涓椿鍔ㄨ璁℃湁寮�鏈夊悎锛屾湁鏁呬簨鎯呰妭锛屾湁鐜板疄鎯呭锛岃璁″阀濡欙紝鑸掑嵎鑷銆傦級
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">娲诲姩妗堜緥5-2</span></p>
+ <div class="tp">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center"><b>澶х彮璋堣瘽娲诲姩锛氱櫨瀹跺</b></p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩鐩爣锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 浜嗚В涓浗浜哄悕瀛椾腑鐨勫锛屾劅鍙椾紶缁熷姘忔枃鍖栫殑鐗圭偣锛屼綋浼氫綔涓轰腑鍥戒汉鐨勯獎鍌蹭笌鑷豹銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛堢洰鏍囨槑纭�屽叿浣擄紝鏃㈡湁鐭ヨ瘑鐩爣锛屽張鏈夋儏鎰熸�佸害鐩爣锛岀粨鍚堣嚜鐒讹紝灞傛鍒嗘槑銆傦級
+ </p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩鍑嗗锛�</b></p>
+ <p>鐧芥澘銆佽鍙风瑪銆佺櫧绾搞�佸悕浜虹収銆佸綍闊炽�併�婄櫨瀹跺銆嬪墠16濮撱��</p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩杩囩▼锛�</b></p>
+ <p>锛堜竴锛変粙缁嶈嚜宸辩殑鍚嶅瓧</p>
+ <p>鑰佸笀锛氭垜鏄椕椕椼�備粙缁嶄竴涓嬩綘鑷繁锛屼綘鍙粈涔堬紵</p>
+ <p>鈥斺�斿辜鍎夸粙缁嶃��</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛堝紑闂ㄨ灞憋紝寰堝埄绱㈠湴缂╃煭浜嗛檶鐢熷笀鐢熺殑璺濈锛屽張鍙互鐩存帴瀵煎叆娲诲姩锛岃█绠�鎰忚祬銆傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>锛堜簩锛夌煡閬撶櫨瀹跺</p>
+ <p>1.寮曞骞煎効鎵捐嚜宸辩殑濮�</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�1锛変綘鏈夋病鏈夊彂鐜帮紝鍒氭墠鎴戜滑浠嬬粛鐨勫悕瀛楋紝鏄敱濮撳拰鍚嶇粍鎴愮殑銆傛垜濮撯�滃簲鈥濓紙鍑虹ず姹夊瓧鈥滃簲鈥濓級銆備綘濮撲粈涔堬紵
+ </p>
+ <p>鈥斺�斿ぇ瀹朵竴璧峰垎鍒鑷繁鐨勫銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�2锛夎繖閲屾湁涓�浜涗腑鍥藉瓧锛屼綘鍘昏涓�璁わ紝鏈変綘鐨勫鍚楋紵璇蜂綘鎶婂畠锛堝崱鐗囷級鎷挎潵銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>鈥斺�斾竴璧峰康涓�閬嶃��</p>
+ <p>锛�3锛夎繖閲屾湁澶氬皯濮擄紵</p>
+ <p>骞煎効锛氭垜娌℃嬁鍒扳�︹��</p>
+ <p>鑰佸笀锛氫綘鐨勫锛岃繖閲屾湁鍚楋紵</p>
+ <p>骞煎効鐐瑰ご銆�</p>
+ <p>鑰佸笀锛氳繖閲屾湁澶氬皯濮擄紵</p>
+ <p>骞煎効锛�11涓�︹��13涓�︹��</p>
+ <p>锛�4锛夐偅鎴戜滑鍦ㄥ骇鐨勪紮浼存湁鍑犱釜锛�</p>
+ <p>瀛╁瓙鏁帮細16涓��</p>
+ <p>锛堟妸浠诲姟鐣欑粰瀛╁瓙锛岃瀛╁瓙鑷繁鏁帮紝澶х彮瀛╁瓙鏈夎嚜宸辩殑鏁版暟鏂规硶銆傦級</p>
+ <p>锛�5锛夋垜浠�16涓汉锛屾�庝箞浼氬彧鏈�13涓鍛紵</p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="140">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(140) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗簲绔� 骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">133</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 锛堝紩鍙戝鍚屽鑰呯殑鍏虫敞锛涘浜庡叿浣撴儏澧冧腑鐨勯棶棰橈紝宸у寮曞骞煎効鎬濊�冭В鍐炽�傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>骞煎効锛氬洜涓烘垜濮撴潕锛屼粬涔熷鏉庘�︹�﹁繕鏈夛紝浠栦滑涓や釜鏄竴鏍风殑濮撯�︹��</p>
+ <p>2.寮曞骞煎効璁ㄨ澶у鍏卞悓鐨勫</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�1锛変綘浠槸鍚屽锛屽摝锛屾垜浠紮浼翠箣闂存湁鍚屽鐨勩�傚棾锛屼綘瀹堕噷璋佸拰浣犲悓濮擄紵
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効锛氱埜鐖稿拰鎴戝悓濮撯�︹�︾埛鐖峰拰鎴戝悓濮撯�︹�﹀紵寮熷拰鎴戝悓濮撯�︹�﹀濮愬拰鎴戝悓濮撯�︹�﹀濡堝拰鎴戝悓濮撯�︹��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鑰佸笀锛氫竴鑸湴璇达紝瀹堕噷澶у鏁扮殑鐖风埛銆佺埜鐖搞�佸摜鍝ャ�佸濮愩�佸紵寮熴�佸濡癸紝鍜屼綘鍚屽锛堜篃鏈夊皯鏁版槸濡堝鍜屼綘鍚屽锛夈��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛堟暀甯堢殑鐢ㄨ闈炲父涓ヨ皑锛屸�滀竴鑸�濃�滃ぇ澶氭暟鈥濋兘鐢ㄥ緱鎭板埌濂藉銆備笉鑳借涓哄辜鍎垮勾榫勫皬锛屽弽姝ｄ篃鎯充笉浜嗛偅涔堝锛屾暀甯堣瑷�鍙鐢熷姩褰㈣薄灏卞彲浠ヤ簡銆備弗璋ㄧ殑璇█涔犳儻瀵逛簬骞煎効鏁欏笀鏉ヨ锛屾剰涔夐噸澶с�傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�2锛夐櫎浜嗙彮涓娿�佸閲屾湁鍜屼綘鍚屽鐨勶紝杩欓噷杩欎箞澶氳�佸笀锛屾湁鍜屼綘鍚屽鐨勫悧锛熻浣犲幓闂棶锛屾墦鍚墦鍚��
+ </p>
+ <p>鑰佸笀锛氫綘鏈夊叴瓒ｅ幓鎵撳惉鎵撳惉锛屾湁璋佸拰浣犲悓濮撶殑锛�</p>
+ <p>鑰佸笀锛氭湁鍏磋叮鐨勫幓闂棶銆�</p>
+ <p>锛�3锛夋潵璇磋锛屼綘鎵惧埌鍑犱釜鍚屽鐨勶紵</p>
+ <p>
+ 鑰佸笀锛氭垜浠湁鏃堕棿闄愬埗锛屽�掓暟10銆�9銆�8銆�7鈥︹�﹀ソ锛岃鍚勫氨鍚勪綅銆傦紙绛夊辜鍎垮潗瀹氾級浣犳壘鍒板拰浣犲悓濮撶殑浜轰簡鍚楋紵
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛堟椂闂磋妭濂忔帉鎻″緱闈炲父濂斤紝澶х害2鍒嗛挓銆傚お鐭お闀块兘涓嶅疁銆傝皥璇濊鍒欑殑寮曞鎭板埌濂藉銆傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>骞煎効锛氭壘鍒扳�︹�︽病鎵惧埌鈥︹��</p>
+ <p>
+ 鑰佸笀锛氳鎵惧埌鐨勫厛鏉ヨ璇达紝浣犳壘鍒颁簡鍑犱釜锛熸垜浠啓鈥滀汉鈥濅竴绗旇〃绀轰竴涓汉銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛堝阀濡欍�佽嚜鐒跺湴鎻掑叆鈥滀汉鈥濆瓧鐨勫啓娉曪級</p>
+ <p>
+ 鈥︹�︽壘鍒扮殑浜轰笉澶氾紝5浜衡�︹�﹁涓�涓病鎵惧埌鐨勶細鈥滀綘鏄�庝箞鎵剧殑锛熲�濆辜鍎匡細鈥滆皝濮撹档锛熲��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛堝璞￠�夋嫨寰楀緢鏈夋剰鎬濓紝閫夋嫨浜嗕竴涓病鏈夋壘鍒扮殑锛涚洿闈㈤棶棰橈紝涓嶅洖閬匡紝鏄笓瀹跺瀷鏁欏笀涓庝竴鑸暀甯堢殑涓昏鍖哄埆銆傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>锛堝搫鍫傚ぇ绗戯級</p>
+ <p>
+ 鑰佸笀锛氬摝鈥︹�﹁繖鏍烽棶鎬庝箞鎵惧緱鍒板憿锛熺ぜ璨屼竴鐐瑰暒锛侊紙淇韩鍦ㄥ叾鑰宠竟锛氳闂皝濮撹档锛燂級
+ </p>
+ <p>骞煎効锛氳闂摢浣嶈�佸笀濮撹档锛�</p>
+ <p>锛堢珛鍒绘湁浜轰妇鎵嬶級</p>
+ <p>鑰佸笀锛氾紙杈硅褰曡竟闂級璋佹湁鍏磋叮鏉ユ壘鎵撅紵</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛堜妇鎵嬬殑骞煎効寰堝锛屽苟涓旂敤绀艰矊鐨勮瑷�璇㈤棶銆傝�佸笀鍏虫敞锛氣�滅湅锛岃繖鏍疯鎵嶆壘寰楀埌銆傗�濓級
+ </p>
+ <p>鑰佸笀锛氱湅鐪嬶紝杩欓噷閭ｄ箞澶氫汉涓紝鍝釜濮撴槸鏈�澶氳鐨勫锛�</p>
+ <p>骞煎効锛氶粍锛�</p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="141">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(141) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">134</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>鑰佸笀锛氫綘鎬庝箞鐭ラ亾锛�</p>
+ <p>骞煎効锛氭湁7绗斺�︹�︽湁7浜衡�︹��</p>
+ <p>锛�4锛夊悓濮撴槸浜蹭汉銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鑰佸笀锛氬悓濮撶殑浜鸿繕澶氱潃鍛€�傚彲鏄紝鎬庝箞浼氭湁閭ｄ箞澶氬悓濮撶殑浜哄憿锛熶綘浠旂粏鐪嬬湅锛屽閲屽拰浣犲悓濮撶殑鐖风埛銆佺埜鐖革紝浣犱滑鎬庝箞浼氬悓濮撶殑鍛紵
+ 閭ｆ槸鍥犱负鐖风埛鎶婂浼犵粰浜嗕粬鐨勫悗浠ｂ�斺�旂埜鐖革紝鐖哥埜鍙堟妸濮撲紶缁欎簡浠栫殑鍚庝唬鈥斺�斾綘銆佸摜鍝ャ�佸濮愩�傚閲岄偅浜涘拰浣犲悓濮撶殑浜烘槸涓�瀹朵汉锛佹槸浜蹭汉锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>閭ｄ箞锛岀彮涓婂拰浣犲悓濮撶殑浜烘槸涓�瀹朵汉鍚楋紵</p>
+ <p>锛堜竴姝ヤ竴姝ワ紝寮曞骞煎効鑷繁鍙戠幇锛�</p>
+ <p>骞煎効锛氫笉鏄��</p>
+ <p>
+ 鑰佸笀锛氬叾瀹炲晩锛屼紶璇村緢涔呭緢涔呬互鍓嶏紝鍚屽鐨勪汉鏄竴瀹朵汉锛屽悓濮撶殑浜烘槸浜蹭汉銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛堢敱娴呭叆娣憋紝鏉＄悊娓呮櫚锛�</p>
+ <p>鍐嶇湅鐪嬶紝鐝笂鍚屽鐨勪汉锛屾湁娌℃湁涓�鐐瑰儚浜叉垰鐨勬牱瀛愶紵</p>
+ <p>锛堝睍寮�寰楀崄鍒嗚嚜鐒讹級</p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効锛氫粬浠湁涓�鐐瑰儚鐨勨�︹�︽垜鍜屽悓濮撶殑鑰佸笀涔熸湁涓�鐐瑰儚鐨勶紝鎴戜滑閮芥槸鍙岀溂鐨効鈥︹��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛堣瀛╁瓙浣撲細鎴戜滑涓浗浜洪兘鏄竴瀹朵汉锛屼綋浼氬悓濮撲箣闂撮偅绉嶈鑲夌浉铻嶇殑鎰熻銆傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>3.璁ㄨ澶у涓嶅悓鐨勫</p>
+ <p>锛�1锛夋壘涓嶅悓濮撶殑浜恒��</p>
+ <p>鑰佸笀锛氶櫎浜嗚繖浜涘锛屼綘杩樼煡閬撳埆鐨勫鍚楋紵</p>
+ <p>骞煎効鎰ｄ簡涓�涓嬶紝鑰佸笀杩介棶锛氣�滀綘濡堝濮撲粈涔堬紵鈥�</p>
+ <p>骞煎効鎺ョ潃鍥炵瓟銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�2锛夎鎵炬壘杩欓噷锛屽摢浜涜�佸笀鍜屾垜浠笉鍚屽鐨勶紵鎵惧埌浜嗭紝璇疯�佸笀鐢ㄥ皬绾哥墖鍐欎笅鏉ャ��
+ </p>
+ <p>鈥斺�斿辜鍎垮鎵俱�傝繃绋嬩腑锛岃�佸笀鎻愮ず锛氱煡閬撴�庝箞鎵句簡锛�</p>
+ <p>骞煎効杈规壘杈硅创鍦ㄥ睍绀烘澘涓娿��</p>
+ <p>鑰佸笀锛氱湅鐪嬨��</p>
+ <p>骞煎効鎯婂懠锛氱湡澶氬晩锛�</p>
+ <p>锛�3锛夌櫨瀹跺銆�</p>
+ <p>鑰佸笀锛氾紙椤哄娍锛夌煡閬撳悧锛熶腑鍥戒汉鐨勫杩滆繙涓嶆杩欎簺銆�</p>
+ <p>鈥斺�旈煶涔愶細绁栨捣銆婄櫨瀹跺銆嬨��</p>
+ <p>锛堜笌姝屾洸鍚屾鍑虹ず銆婄櫨瀹跺銆嬬殑鍓�15涓锛�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鑰佸笀锛氫腑鍥戒汉鐨勫杩樿繙杩滀笉姝㈣繖浜涖�傝繖浜涘锛岀敱绁栧厛锛屼紶缁欎粬鐨勫悗浠ｂ�斺�斿効瀛愩�佸瓩瀛愶紝涓�浠ｄ竴浠ｏ紝瀛愬瓙瀛欏瓩锛屼竴鐩翠紶鍒颁簡鎴戜滑杩欓噷锛涙垜浠繕浼氫紶涓嬪幓鍚楋紵浼犵粰璋侊紵瀵癸紝鐢变綘銆佷綘鐨勫瓙瀛欙紝涓�鐩翠紶涓嬪幓銆傚彧瑕佷竴鍙嚭鎴戜滑鐨勫鍚嶏紝涓栫晫涓婄殑浜哄氨鐭ラ亾锛氭垜浠槸涓浗浜恒��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛堣璁″阀濡欙紝鏃㈣惀閫犱簡涓�绉嶆祿鐑堢殑姘旀皼锛屽張鍙互寮曞瀛╁瓙闈欏績浜庝笅涓�涓幆鑺傘�傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>鑰佸笀锛氶偅鑰佸笀鍐嶉棶浣狅紝灏嗘潵浣犵殑濮撲紶缁欒皝锛�</p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="142">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(142) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗簲绔� 骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">135</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 锛堝瀛愪笉鐞嗚В锛屾墍浠ョ悍绾疯鈥滀紶缁欏濡广�佸濮愨�濄�備簬鏄紝鍦ㄨ繖閲岄璁锯�滀紶缁欏悗浠ｂ�濓紝瀛╁瓙绔嬪埢鐞嗚В锛屽仛鍑衡�滄垜瑕佷紶缁欏効瀛愨�濈殑鍙嶅簲銆傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>涓�涓コ瀛╋細鎴戝彲浠ヤ紶缁欏効瀛愬悧锛熷コ鐨勫彲浠ヤ紶鍚楋紵</p>
+ <p>鑰佸笀鎺ュ簲锛氬彲浠ワ紝鍙浣犲拰瀹堕噷浜哄晢閲忓ソ銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛堣繖閲屽ぇ娈电殑鍐呭鐢辫�佸笀濞撳〒璁茶堪锛屾墍浠ヤ細鏈変簺娌夐椃銆備簬鏄紝鍦ㄨ繖閲岃嚜鐒跺湴鎻掑叆鈥滀綘鐨勫浼犵粰璋佲�濊繖鏍风殑闂锛屾棦鍙互鎹浜嗚В瀛╁瓙鏄惁鐞嗚В鈥滀紶鎵库�濓紝鍙堝彲浠ヨ皟鑺傛皵姘涖�傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>锛堜笁锛夋嫇灞曞埌浜嗕笉璧风殑涓浗浜�</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�1锛夎繖浜涢兘鏄腑鍥戒汉锛屼綘鑳藉彨鍑轰粬浠殑濮撳悕鍚楋紵锛堜竴涓�鍑虹ず浜嗕笉璧风殑涓浗浜虹殑鐓х墖锛夊摢浜涗汉涓庝綘鏄悓濮撶殑锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�2锛夎繖浜涗汉鍥犱负寰堜簡涓嶈捣锛屾墠璁╀笘鐣屼汉姘戠煡閬撲粬浠殑鍚嶅瓧銆備綘鎯冲姙娉曚簡瑙ｄ竴涓嬶紝涓庝綘鍚屽鐨勯偅涓汉锛屽仛浜嗗摢浜涗簡涓嶈捣鐨勪簨鎯咃紵鎴戜滑浠ュ悗鍐嶆潵鑱婅亰銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛堝湪鏁翠釜璋堣瘽杩囩▼涓紝鑰佸笀寮曞鏈夊姏锛屽瀛愪滑鍏呮弧浜嗗叴瓒ｏ紝铻嶈皥璇濅笌浜ら檯浜庝竴浣擄紝鑷劧鐢熸垚锛屽唴瀹瑰紑鏀撅紝閫氳繃杩欐牱鐨勮皥璇濓紝骞煎効姣旇緝娣卞叆鍦颁簡瑙ｄ簡鐧惧濮撶殑鐭ヨ瘑銆傦級
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk2">
+ <p class="center"><b>鏈珷灏忕粨</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩鐨勮璁′笌瀹炴柦鏄辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勯噸瑕佸唴瀹逛笌褰㈠紡銆傜嫮涔夌殑璋堣瘽娲诲姩鏄暀甯堟湁鐩殑銆佹湁璁″垝鍦扮粍缁囧拰寮曞骞煎効鍥寸粫涓�涓瘽棰樺睍寮�鐨勪氦璋堝拰瀵硅瘽娲诲姩銆傚湪骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩涓紝骞煎効鏄皥璇濇椿鍔ㄧ殑涓讳綋锛屾暀甯堟槸缁勭粐鑰呬笌寮曞鑰咃紝涔熸槸骞崇瓑鐨勫弬涓庤�呫�傝皥璇濇椿鍔ㄩ渶瑕佸洿缁曚竴涓瘽棰樺睍寮�锛涙暀甯堝簲璇ヤ负璋堣瘽娲诲姩鍒涜涓�绉嶅鏉俱�佽嚜鐢辩殑璋堣瘽姘涘洿銆傚辜鍎胯皥璇濇椿鍔ㄥ彲浠ュ垎涓烘棩甯哥敓娲讳腑鐨勮皥璇濆拰鏈夎鍒掔殑闆嗕綋璋堣瘽銆傝皥璇濇椿鍔ㄧ殑璁捐涓庡疄鏂斤紝鍏堣鍋氬ソ鐩爣瀹氫綅锛屽畠鏃ㄥ湪甯姪骞煎効鍩瑰吇鍊惧惉浠栦汉璋堣瘽鍜岀悊瑙ｄ粬浜鸿瘽璇殑鑳藉姏锛屽苟鍥寸粫鐗瑰畾璇濋鍏呭垎琛ㄨ揪鑷繁瑙佽В锛屽吇鎴愯皥璇濇椿鍔ㄤ腑鐨勪富浣撴剰璇嗗拰鍕囦簬琛ㄨ揪鐨勪範鎯紝杩樿瀛︿細鎶婃彙璋堣瘽娲诲姩涓殑瑙勫垯锛屾彁楂樿█璇〃杈炬按骞炽�傚湪鍐呭閫夋嫨涓婏紝瑕佸姏姹傞�夋嫨骞煎効鎰熷叴瓒ｃ�佷笌骞煎効鐢熸椿瀵嗗垏鐩稿叧浠ュ強骞煎効鑳藉璋堣鐨勮瘽棰樸�傚辜鍎胯皥璇濇椿鍔ㄧ殑璁捐瀹炴柦涓昏鍖呮嫭浠ヤ笅鐜妭锛氬垱璁捐皥璇濈殑鍏蜂綋鎯呭锛屽鍏ヨ瘽棰橈紱寮曞骞煎効鍥寸粫璇濋鐣呮墍娆茶█锛涙敞鎰忚瘽棰樼殑寤朵几涓庢嫇灞曪紱鏁欏笀闅愭�хず鑼冿紝寮�鎷撹皥璇濇�濊矾銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="143">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(143) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">136</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p><span class="zt-1">鍏抽敭鏈</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-8">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-3" alt="" src="../../images/tb-9.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">璋堣瘽娲诲姩</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓殑闅忔満璋堣瘽</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">鏈夌粍缁囩殑闆嗕綋璋堣瘽</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ <span class="zt-2">鎬�</span><span class="zt-3">鑰�</span
+ ><span class="zt-2">棰�</span>
+ </p>
+ <div class="tp-9">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-6" alt="" src="../../images/tb-10.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p>1.骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩鐨勪富瑕佺洰鐨勬槸浠�涔堬紵</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p>2.骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩鐨勮璁￠渶瑕佹敞鎰忎粈涔堬紵</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p>3.鎬庢牱鏈夋晥鍦扮粍缁囧辜鍎垮弬涓庤皥璇濇椿鍔紵</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj4">瀹炶缁冧範</span></p>
+ <p>
+ 娣卞叆骞煎効鍥繘琛屾暀鑲插疄璺垫槸瀛﹀墠鏁欒偛涓撲笟鍚屽蹇呬笉鍙皯鐨勫涔犳柟寮忋�傝鍒╃敤鍏ュ洯瀹炰範鐨勬満浼氾紝鏍规嵁鎵�鍦ㄧ彮绾у辜鍎跨殑蹇冪悊鐗圭偣涓庤瑷�鍙戝睍鐘跺喌锛岃璁′竴涓辜鍎胯皥璇濇椿鍔紝骞跺叿浣撶粍缁囨椿鍔ㄧ殑寮�灞曘�傛椿鍔ㄧ粨鏉熷悗锛屽緛姹傝�佸笀鐨勬剰瑙佷笌寤鸿锛岃鐪熷弽鎬濊嚜宸辫皥璇濇椿鍔ㄨ璁＄殑寰椾笌澶便��
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="left1">
+ <span class="zt-3">鎷�</span><span class="zt-2">灞�</span
+ ><span class="zt-3">闃�</span><span class="zt-2">璇�</span>
+ </p>
+ <div class="tp-10">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-6" alt="" src="../../images/tb-11.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p>寮犱簯绉�.姹夎鍎跨鏃╂湡璇█鐨勫彂灞曪蓟M锛�.鍖椾含锛氬晢鍔″嵃涔﹂锛�2014.</p>
+ <p class="block">
+ 浣滆�呭垎鍒粠璇煶銆佽瘝姹囧強鍏惰涔夈�佽娉曠粨鏋勪笁涓柟闈㈠叏闈㈣�冩煡浜嗘眽璇効绔ユ棭鏈熻瑷�鐨勫彂灞曪紝缈斿疄鍦颁粙缁嶄簡姹夎鍎跨鏃╂湡璇嶆眹璇箟銆佸彞娉曚範寰楃瓑鐨勫熀鏈潰璨岋紝骞跺湪璁ょ煡鍔熻兘妗嗘灦鍐呭姹夎鍎跨鏃╂湡璇█鐨勪範寰楄寰嬭繘琛屼簡瑙ｉ噴銆傚悓鏃讹紝鏈功瀵逛簬姹夎鍎跨鏃╂湡璇█鍙戝睍鐨勮澶氶噸瑕侀棶棰橈紝濡傛柟浣嶈寖鐣淬�佹椂闂磋寖鐣淬�佸涔夎瘝鍙婄浉鍏宠涔夎寖鐣淬�佷富瑙傚寲琛ㄨ揪鎵嬫绛夛紝閮借繘琛屼簡澶ч噺涓撻棬鑰屾繁鍏ョ殑鐮旂┒銆傚浜庢眽璇効绔ユ棭鏈熻瑷�鍙戝睍闂鎰熷叴瓒ｇ殑鍚屽锛屽彲浠ユ牴鎹嚜宸辩殑闇�瑕佽繘琛岄�夋嫨鎬х殑闃呰涓庡涔犮��
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="zt-ls">銆愭嫇灞曡棰戞渚嬨��</span></p>
+ <div class="videoBox">
+ <div class="videoItem">
+ <video
+ :src="videoUrl.v50"
+ webkit-playsinline="true"
+ x-webkit-airplay="true"
+ playsinline="true"
+ x5-video-orientation="h5"
+ x5-video-player-fullscreen="true"
+ x5-playsinline=""
+ controls
+ class="video-border w100"
+ ></video>
+ <div class="vname">{{ videoMd5.v50.name }}</div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="videoItem">
+ <video
+ :src="videoUrl.v51"
+ webkit-playsinline="true"
+ x-webkit-airplay="true"
+ playsinline="true"
+ x5-video-orientation="h5"
+ x5-video-player-fullscreen="true"
+ x5-playsinline=""
+ controls
+ class="video-border w100"
+ ></video>
+ <div class="vname">{{ videoMd5.v51.name }}</div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+</template>
+
+<script>
+import { getResourcePath } from "@/assets/methods/resources";
+export default {
+ name: "chapter004",
+ props: {
+ showPageList: {
+ type: Array,
+ },
+ resourceList: {
+ type: Object,
+ },
+ },
+ data() {
+ return {
+ chapter004: {},
+ videoUrl: {},
+ videoMd5: {
+ v50: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[22],
+ name: "澶х彮璇█娲诲姩锛氬悕瀛楃殑鏉ュ巻",
+ },
+ v51: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[23],
+ name: "涓彮璋堣瘽娲诲姩锛氳繃骞翠簡",
+ },
+ },
+ showAnswer3: false,
+ showAnswer2: false,
+ showAnswer1: false,
+ };
+ },
+ methods: {
+ async getVideo(md5, val) {
+ const data = await getResourcePath(md5);
+ this.videoUrl[val] = data;
+ },
+ setBookQuestion() {
+ this.$emit("setBookQuestion", this.chapter004);
+ },
+ },
+ mounted() {
+ for (let key in this.videoMd5) {
+ this.getVideo(this.videoMd5[key].md5, key);
+ }
+ console.log(this.videoUrl);
+ },
+};
+</script>
diff --git a/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter006.vue b/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter006.vue
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3b0293a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter006.vue
@@ -0,0 +1,1487 @@
+<template>
+ <div class="chapter" num="7">
+ <div class="page-box" page="144">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(144) > -1">
+ <div class="bodystyle" style="padding-top: 508px">
+ <h1 id="a013">
+ <img class="img-0 coverImg" alt="" src="../../images/z6.jpg" />
+ </h1>
+ <h6>瀛︿範鐩爣鈻�</h6>
+ <p>1.浜嗚В骞煎効鍥辜鍎胯杩版椿鍔ㄧ殑浣滅敤銆佺被鍨嬨��</p>
+ <p>2.鐞嗚В骞煎効鍥辜鍎胯杩版椿鍔ㄧ殑鐗瑰緛銆�</p>
+ <p>3.鍒濇鎺屾彙骞煎効鍥辜鍎胯杩版椿鍔ㄧ殑璁捐涓庣粍缁囨妧鑳姐��</p>
+ <h6>瀛︿範瀵煎浘鈻�</h6>
+ <p class="center openImgBox">
+ <img
+ class="img-b"
+ style="width: 100%"
+ alt=""
+ src="../../images/0157-1.jpg"
+ />
+ </p>
+ <h6>瀵煎叆妗堜緥鈻�</h6>
+ <p class="center"><b>涓彮璁茶堪娲诲姩璁捐锛氶暱闀跨殑锛堣妭閫夛級</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 1.鑰佸笀锛氫粖澶╋紝鎴戜滑鍘绘壘灏忓姩鐗╀滑鍋氭父鎴忋�傛潵鏁叉暡闂紝鐪嬮噷闈細浣忕潃璋併��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛堝彇鍑洪暱棰堥箍鍥剧墖锛夊師鏉ユ槸闀块楣垮晩锛侀暱棰堥箍浼哥潃闀块暱鐨勮剸瀛愶紝鏈涚潃杩滄柟銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>杩樻湁鍝簺鍔ㄧ墿鍛紝灏忔湅鍙嬩滑锛屾垜浠啀鏉ユ暡鏁查棬鐪嬬湅銆�</p>
+ <p>锛堣鍑哄ぇ璞★級澶ц薄闀块暱鐨勯蓟瀛愪細鍠锋按銆�</p>
+ <p>锛堣鍑虹尨瀛愶級鐚村瓙闀块暱鐨勫熬宸寸繕浜嗚捣鏉ャ��</p>
+ <p>
+ 2.寮曞骞煎効鍙戠幇琛ㄨ堪涓噸澶嶄娇鐢ㄧ殑鍙犻煶璇嶁�滈暱闀跨殑鈥濓紝鎸囧骞煎効瀛︿範鐢ㄥ彔闊宠瘝鈥滈暱闀跨殑鈥濊杩板畬鏁寸殑鍙ュ瓙銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3.娓告垙锛氭牴鎹姩鐗╃殑褰卞瓙鍥剧墖鍒ゆ柇褰卞瓙鐨勪富浜猴紝骞煎効璁茶堪鍏惰韩涓娾�滈暱闀跨殑鈥濈壒寰併��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4.娲诲姩寤朵几锛氳瀵熷苟瀵绘壘鐢熸椿涓�滈暱闀跨殑鈥濅簨鐗╋紝鍐嶆妸瀹冧滑鐢ㄨ嚜宸辩殑璇█璇村嚭鏉ャ��
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="145">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(145) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">138</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効璁茶堪娲诲姩鍦ㄦ垜鍥界殑骞煎効鏁欒偛涓巻鍙叉偁涔咃紝杩欎竴娲诲姩鍙互甯姪骞煎効褰㈡垚鐙珛鏋勬�濆拰杩炶疮琛ㄨ揪瀹屾暣鍐呭鐨勮兘鍔涖�傝繎骞存潵锛屽浜庡辜鍎胯杩版椿鍔紝鎴戝浗瀛﹁�呭拰骞兼暀宸ヤ綔鑰呭湪鐞嗚涓庡疄璺垫柟闈㈤兘杩涜浜嗗ぇ閲忔帰绱紝绉疮浜嗕赴瀵岀殑缁忛獙銆傛湰绔狅紝鎴戜滑灏嗙珛瓒宠繖浜涚粡楠岋紝鐫�鐪间簬骞煎効鍥杩版椿鍔ㄥ疄闄呭拰骞煎効璇█鍙戝睍鐨勮寰嬩笌闇�瑕侊紝浠庡辜鍎胯杩版椿鍔ㄧ殑浣滅敤銆佺被鍨嬨�佺壒寰佸拰骞煎効鍥杩版椿鍔ㄧ殑瀹炶返璁捐涓庢搷浣滅瓑鏂归潰杩涜浠嬬粛涓庡涔犮��
+ </p>
+ <h2 id="b015">绗竴鑺傘��骞煎効璁茶堪娲诲姩鐨勬蹇点�佷綔鐢ㄣ�佺壒寰佷笌绫诲瀷</h2>
+ <p>
+ 鈥滆鈥濇槸涓�涓舰澹板瓧锛岀箒浣撳瓧鐨勨�滆鈥濆啓浣溾�滆瑳鈥濓紝浠庤█锛屼粠鍐擄紙g艒u锛夈�傗�滃啌鈥濇剰涓衡�滅澶粹�濃�滃綋闈⑩�濓紝鈥滆█鈥濇寚鈥滆璇濃�濓紝鈥滆█鈥濅笌鈥滃啌鈥濆悎鎴愨�滆鈥濊〃绀衡�滃綋闈㈣璇濃�濄�傗�滆堪鈥濅篃鏄竴涓舰澹板瓧锛屼粠杈碉紝鏈０锛岃鎱庣殑銆婅鏂囪В瀛椼�嬭В閲娾�滆堪鈥濈殑鏈箟鏄�滈伒寰�濈殑鎰忔�濓紝杩樺彲浠ヨВ閲婁负鈥滈檲璇粹�濓紝浣嗙獊鍑哄嚟鍊熶竴瀹氫簨鐗╄繘琛岄檲璇淬�傗�滆杩扳�濓紝鍚堝湪涓�璧凤紝鏄寚鎶婁簨鎯呮垨閬撶悊璁插嚭鏉ャ��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍏蜂綋鑰岃█锛屽辜鍎胯杩版椿鍔ㄤ腑鐨勨�滆杩扳�濇槸鎸囧辜鍎垮湪涓�涓瘮杈冩寮忕殑鍦哄悎锛屾妸浜嬫儏鎴栭亾鐞嗚鍑烘潵銆傝�屽叾涓殑鈥滄椿鍔ㄢ�濓紝涓�鏂归潰琛ㄦ槑鍙備笌鑰呯殑浜烘暟浼楀锛屽彟涓�鏂归潰涔熷己璋冭繖閲岀殑娲诲姩闇�瑕佷竴瀹氱殑璁″垝鎬т笌缁勭粐鎬э紝瀹冮渶瑕佹暀甯堟牴鎹辜鍎跨殑璇█鍙戝睍瑙勫緥鍜屽綋鏃剁殑鍏蜂綋鎯呭喌杩涜璁捐銆佺粍缁囦笌寮曞銆�
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c037">涓�銆佸辜鍎胯杩版椿鍔ㄧ殑浣滅敤</h3>
+ <h4 id="d093">
+ 锛堜竴锛夊己鍖栧辜鍎跨悊瑙ｄ笌鎶婃彙浜嬬墿鐨勮兘鍔涳紝鎻愰珮骞煎効瑷�璇〃杈捐兘鍔�
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効渚濇墭鑷繁鐨勭粡楠岃瘔璇歌瑷�杩涜琛ㄨ揪鏄竴涓患鍚堟�х殑杩囩▼銆備竴鏂归潰锛屽畠瑕佸熀浜庡辜鍎垮浜嬬墿鐨勮鐭ュ拰鐞嗚В锛岃繖鏄辜鍎胯杩拌涓虹殑璁よ瘑鍓嶆彁銆傚彟涓�鏂归潰锛屾兂鏄庣櫧鐨勪簨鐗╁苟涓嶄竴瀹氬氨鑳藉杩愮敤璇█鍑嗙‘娓呮櫚鍦拌〃杈惧嚭鏉ャ�傚洜姝わ紝骞煎効鐨勮杩拌涓鸿繕闇�瑕佸辜鍎跨啛缁冨湴鎶婅嚜宸卞浜嬬墿鐨勭悊瑙ｈ浆鍖栦负璇█銆備粠杩欐牱鐨勬剰涔変笂鏉ヨ锛屽辜鍎垮湪杩涜璁茶堪鐨勮繃绋嬩腑锛屼粬浠殑鐞嗚В銆佹妸鎻′簨鐗╃壒寰佺殑鑳藉姏鍜岃繍鐢ㄨ瑷�杩涜琛ㄨ揪鐨勮兘鍔涳紝閮借兘澶熷緱鍒版彁楂樸��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d094">
+ 锛堜簩锛夊府鍔╁辜鍎夸範寰楄█璇疄璺电粡楠岋紝淇冭繘骞煎効鐨勭ぞ浼氬寲鍙戝睍
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ 璇█鏄汉绫荤ぞ浼氱敓娲讳腑閲嶈鐨勬�濈淮涓庝氦娴佸伐鍏凤紝鎴戜滑鍦ㄩ亣鍒板洶闅炬垨鑰呭姹傞棶棰樼殑瑙ｅ喅鏃讹紝缁忓父瑕佽繍鐢ㄨ瑷�杩欎釜宸ュ叿銆備粠浜ら檯鐨勮搴︼紝鍙互璇达紝璇█杩愮敤寰楅┚杞诲氨鐔熸槸涓綋鍏呭垎绀句細鍖栫殑涓昏鏍囧織銆傚浜庡辜鍎胯�岃█锛屼粬浠湪鐢熷懡鐨勫垵鏈熼渶瑕佸湪涓嶆柇鐨勫疄璺典腑鎽哥储浜ゆ祦鐨勬柟娉曪紝绉疮浜ら檯鐨勭粡楠岋紝浠栦滑鐨勭ぞ浼氬寲杩囩▼姝ｅ儚鐖鍜岃蛋璺竴鏍凤紝閮芥槸鍦ㄤ竴娆″張涓�娆＄殑涔犲緱鐢氳嚦鎸姌涓幏寰楃殑銆傚湪璇█缁忛獙鐨勮幏鍙栦腑锛屼竴涓噸瑕佺殑鍓嶆彁灏辨槸瀹炶返鑰呭瀹炶返杩囩▼鐨勫弽鎬濄��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 涔熸鏄湪杩欐牱鐨勬剰涔変笂锛岃繎骞寸殑蹇冪悊瀛︾爺绌堕潪甯搁噸瑙嗗厓璁ょ煡鐨勭爺绌躲�傚鏋滄病鏈夎繖鏍蜂竴涓疄璺靛悗鐨勫弽鎬濊繃绋嬶紝浜虹被鐨勮繘姝ヤ笉浼氬姝よ繀閫熴�傜敋鑷虫湁瀛﹁�呰涓猴紝鍏冭鐭�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="146">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(146) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗叚绔� 骞煎効璁茶堪娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">139</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鏄汉绫诲尯鍒簬鍏朵粬鍔ㄧ墿鐨勬牴鏈�х壒寰佷箣涓�銆傚叾瀹烇紝鍦ㄨ瑷�瀛︿範涓紝鍏冭鐭ヤ篃闈炲父閲嶈銆�
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">鐩稿叧閾炬帴</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-5">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="image/tb-5.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <span class="zt-ls1"
+ >浠�涔堟槸鍏冭瑷�锛�<a id="w1"></a
+ ><a href="chapter006.html#m1"><sup>[1]</sup></a></span
+ >
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 浣滀负璇█瀛︾鐨勫涔犺�咃紝澶у杩樺簲璇ョ畝鍗曚簡瑙ｅ厓璇█杩欎竴姒傚康銆傚厓璇█锛圡etalanguage锛変篃绉颁负鈥滆娉曡瑷�鈥濓細褰撴垜浠璁轰竴浠朵簨鐗╂椂锛屾垜浠墍浣跨敤鐨勮瑷�琚О涓哄璞¤瑷�锛屽洜涓哄畠鏄〃鐜拌璁哄璞＄殑璇█銆傝�屽綋鎴戜滑璋堣涓�绉嶈瑷�鏃讹紝鎴戜滑鎵�浣跨敤鐨勮瑷�琚О涓哄厓璇█銆傚湪浠讳綍璇█鐮旂┒涓紝閮芥湁涓�绉嶄綔涓虹爺绌跺璞＄殑璇█锛岃繕鏈変竴绉嶇敱鐮旂┒鑰呯敤鏉ヨ皥璁哄璞¤瑷�鐨勫厓璇█銆傚璞¤瑷�涓庡厓璇█鏄浉瀵硅�岃█鐨勩�傛瘮濡傦紝褰撴垜浠敤姹夎璁ㄨ鑻辫鏃讹紝姹夎鏄厓璇█锛岃嫳璇垯鏄璞¤瑷�銆傚弽涔嬶紝褰撶敤鑻辫璁ㄨ姹夎鏃讹紝鑻辫鍒欐垚涓哄厓璇█锛屾眽璇垚涓哄璞¤瑷�銆備换浣曡瑷�锛屾棤璁哄畠澶氫箞绠�鍗曟垨鑰呭涔堝鏉傦紝褰撳畠浣滀负琚皥璁虹殑瀵硅薄鐨勬椂鍊欙紝瀹冨氨鏄璞¤瑷�锛涘綋瀹冪敤鏉ヨ璁轰竴绉嶈瑷�鐨勬椂鍊欙紝瀹冨氨鏄厓璇█銆傚洜姝わ紝鍏冭瑷�鏄叧浜庤瑷�鐨勮瑷�锛屼篃灏辨槸閽堝鏂囨湰鎴栬�呰█璇涓鸿�岃繘琛岃璁恒�佸啓浣溿�佹�濊�冩椂杩愮敤鐨勮瑷�銆�
+ </p>
+ <p class="center">
+ <img class="img-b" alt="" src="image/0159-1.jpg" />
+ </p>
+ <p class="img">鍥�6-1 绀句細鍖栧彂灞曟槸骞煎効鐢熷懡鍙戝睍鐨勯噸瑕佸唴瀹�</p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鐨勭ぞ浼氬寲鍙戝睍鏄辜鍎跨敓鍛藉彂灞曚腑鐨勯噸瑕佸唴瀹广�傚湪骞煎効璁茶堪娲诲姩涓紝杩愮敤璇█褰撲紬瀵逛簨鐗╄繘琛岃〃杈撅紝瀵逛簬骞煎効鏉ヨ锛岃繖鏄竴涓笉灏忕殑鑰冮獙銆傛鏄湪杩欐牱鐨勮�冮獙涓庢垬鑰岃儨涔嬬殑杩囩▼涓紝骞煎効涔犲緱鎶�鑳斤紝涓板瘜浜嗚嚜韬紝涔熸彁鍗囦簡瀵硅嚜鎴戠殑鐞嗚В涓庝俊浠伙紝鍚屾椂涔熻兘澶熸洿鍔犲噯纭湴鎶婃彙鍜屾洿鍔犻『鍒╁湴閫傚簲澶栧湪鐨勪笘鐣屻��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d095">锛堜笁锛変紶鎾煡璇嗕笌淇℃伅锛屼績杩涘辜鍎跨殑鐭ヨ瘑瀛︿範</h4>
+ <p>
+ 浠庢湰璐ㄤ笂璇达紝璁茶堪娲诲姩鐨勬牴鏈湪浜庝氦娴侊紝涓�涓畬鏁寸殑璁茶堪娲诲姩鏄敱鑻ュ共涓幆鑺傜殑璁茶堪琛屼负鍜屽�惧惉琛屼负鍏卞悓鏋勬垚鐨勩�傚湪鍏蜂綋鐨勮杩版椿鍔ㄤ腑锛岃杩拌�呰韩浣撳姏琛屽湴瀵瑰瑙備簨鐗╂垨鑰呴亾鐞嗚繘琛屽啀鐜版垨鑰呰В閲婏紝鏄俊鎭殑鍙戝嚭涓庝紶甯冿紱鍊惧惉鑰呬綔涓轰俊鎭殑鎺ュ彈鑰呬晶鑰冲�惧惉骞跺姞浠ョ悊瑙ｏ紝鏄俊鎭殑鎺ユ敹涓庡惛绾炽��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 浣滀负鍙備笌璁茶堪娲诲姩鐨勫�惧惉鑰呰�岃█锛屼粬浠悓鏍锋槸璁茶堪娲诲姩鐨勯噸瑕佷富浣擄細浠栦滑鏄杩拌�呰褰卞搷鐨勪汉锛屼篃鍚屾椂涓鸿杩拌�呯殑璁茶堪琛屼负鎻愪緵鍦烘櫙鍜屽瑙傚洜绱犱笂鐨勬敮鎸併�備綔涓哄洖鎶ワ紝浠栦滑杩樿兘澶熶粠璁茶堪娲诲姩涓幏寰椾赴瀵岀殑鐭ヨ瘑涓庝俊鎭��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 璁稿鏃跺�欙紝骞煎効闈炲父鍏冲績鑷繁骞煎効鍥悓浼寸殑鎵�鎬濇墍鎯筹紝鏈夋椂浠栦滑瀵瑰悓浼寸殑鍦ㄦ剰绋嬪害鐢氳嚦瓒呰繃瀵硅�佸笀鐨勫湪鎰忕▼搴︼紝褰撶劧浠栦滑涔熷線寰�鍙互浠庡悓浼寸殑缁忛獙涓彈鐩娿�傚彲瑙侊紝骞煎効鍦ㄨ杩版椿鍔ㄤ腑鐨勮杩板唴瀹癸紝鏄綔涓哄�惧惉鑰呯殑骞煎効涓板瘜鑷繁鐭ヨ瘑涓庡疄璺电粡楠岀殑閲�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="147">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(147) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">140</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 瑕佽祫婧愩�傞偅绉嶈涓哄彧鏈夊�惧惉鏁欏笀璁茶В鎵嶆槸骞煎効瀛︿範鐨勬瑙勬柟寮忕殑鐪嬫硶宸茬粡涓嶈兘婊¤冻骞煎効璇█瀛︿範鐨勯渶瑕侊紝鏈川涓婁篃涓嶉�傚簲浠婂ぉ鐨勫辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勫彂灞曘��
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk">
+ <div class="bk1">
+ <p><span class="bj2">骞煎効鍥暀甯堣祫鏍艰瘉鑰冭瘯路鑰冪偣棰勬祴</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-2">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="image/tb-1.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 銆婁繚鏁欑煡璇嗕笌鑳藉姏銆嬭�冭瘯澶х翰瑙勫畾锛氫簡瑙ｅ┐骞煎効韬績鍙戝睍鐨勫勾榫勯樁娈电壒寰併�佸彂灞曡秼鍔匡紝鑳借繍鐢ㄧ浉鍏崇煡璇嗗垎鏋愭暀鑲茬殑閫傚疁鎬с��
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ <b>娉細</b
+ >杩欐槸瀵瑰辜鍎挎暀甯堢殑鍩烘湰瑕佹眰銆傝繖灏遍渶瑕佸ぇ瀹跺湪浜嗚В骞煎効韬績鍙戝睍瑙勫緥鐨勫熀纭�涓婂舰鎴愭槑纭殑娲诲姩鐩殑锛屽苟閫夋嫨閫傚悎骞煎効鐨勬椿鍔ㄦ柟寮忋��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏈夌殑骞煎効鑰佸笀璁や负锛氬辜鍎跨殑琛ㄨ揪鑳藉姏杩樻瘮杈冭传涔忥紝鍦ㄥ辜鍎胯杩版椿鍔ㄤ腑锛岀敋鑷充細璁插緱缁撶粨宸村反锛岃繖寰堜笉鍒╀簬骞煎効鐨勮瑷�鍙戝睍锛屽洜姝や富寮犲湪骞煎効鍥笉鑳借繘琛岃杩版椿鍔ㄣ�備綘鐨勭湅娉曟槸鎬庢牱鐨勶紝涓轰粈涔堬紵
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ <h3 id="c038">浜屻�佸辜鍎胯杩版椿鍔ㄧ殑鍩烘湰鐗瑰緛</h3>
+ <h4 id="d096">锛堜竴锛夊辜鍎胯杩版椿鍔ㄥ線寰�鏈変竴瀹氱殑鑳屾櫙鎴栧嚟鍊熺墿</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鑳屾櫙鏄浜嬫�佺殑鍙戠敓銆佸彂灞曘�佸彉鍖栬捣閲嶈浣滅敤鐨勫瑙傚眬闈㈠拰鎬佸娍锛涘嚟鍊熺墿锛屾槸骞煎効鍦ㄨ杩版椿鍔ㄤ腑鍏蜂綋渚濇墭鐨勪簨鐗╋紝鏄杩拌涓轰腑鐨勯亾鍏蜂笌渚濇墭銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鍦ㄨ杩版椿鍔ㄤ腑鎵�瑕佽杩扮殑鏄嚜宸辩殑鎰熷彈銆佺粡楠屾垨鑰呮兂娉曪紝杩欎簺閮界洿鎺ユ潵婧愪簬骞煎効鐨勭敓鍛界粡楠屼笌鍐呭績闇�瑕併�傝繃鍘荤殑璁茶堪娲诲姩鍐呭澶氭潵婧愪簬鏁欏笀鐨勫懡棰橈紝蹇界暐浜嗗辜鍎跨殑缁忛獙涓庨渶瑕併�傛垜浠涓猴紝浠庢牴鏈笂璇达紝骞煎効璁茶堪娲诲姩鐨勫唴瀹规洿搴旇婧愪簬骞煎効鐨勭敓娲昏儗鏅笌缁忓巻锛屽彧鏈変粬浠浜嬬墿鏈変簡鎰熸偀锛岃�屼笖鍑嗗鎶婅嚜宸辩湅鍒扮殑銆佸惉鍒扮殑銆佽Е鎽稿埌鐨勫拰鎯冲埌鐨勮瘔璇歌瑷�杩涜璁茶堪锛屾墠鏄粬浠�濇兂涓庢儏鎰熷鍖栫殑濂戝悎鐐广�傝繖绉嶈〃杈剧殑鍐呭績闇�瑕侊紝鏄熀浜庤�佸笀鐨勫懡棰樿姹傦紝杩樻槸鍏朵粬浠�涔堝洜绱犵殑璇卞彂锛屽叾瀹炲苟涓嶉噸瑕併��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍑�熺墿涔嬫墍浠ュ湪骞煎効璁茶堪娲诲姩涓叿鏈夊緢閲嶈鐨勪綔鐢紝鏍规湰鍘熷洜鍦ㄤ簬骞煎効鐨勫舰璞℃�濈淮杩樺湪鏁翠釜鎬濈淮涓崰鎹紭鍔垮湴浣嶏紝浠庤杩拌�呬笌鍊惧惉鑰呯殑鎬濈淮鐗圭偣鍑哄彂锛屽辜鍎块渶瑕佸湪璁茶堪涓嚟鍊熶竴瀹氱殑鍏蜂綋浜嬬墿鎵嶈兘瀹炵幇鑹ソ鐨勮杩版晥鏋溿�傚湪鍚庨潰鐨勫唴瀹逛腑锛屾垜浠緷鎹辜鍎胯杩版椿鍔ㄦ椂鐨勫嚟鍊熺墿涓嶅悓锛屾妸璁茶堪娲诲姩鍒嗕负鐪嬪浘璁茶堪銆佸疄鐗╄杩般�佹儏澧冭〃婕旇杩扮瓑銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d097">
+ 锛堜簩锛夊辜鍎胯杩版椿鍔ㄦ槸涓�绉嶇敤鐙櫧璇綋琛ㄨ揪涓汉瑙佽В鐨勬椿鍔�
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ 鐙櫧鐨勫惈涔夛紝鍦ㄨ瑷�瀛﹂噷锛屾牴鎹叿浣撹澧冪殑涓嶅悓鏈変笉鍚岀殑鎵�鎸囷紝鍦ㄨ繖閲岋紝鐙櫧鏄浉瀵逛簬瀵硅瘽鎴栬�呰皥璇濊�岃█鐨勶紝鏄寚涓綋杩愮敤璇█杩涜鍗曠嫭闄堣堪銆備絾鏄紝鎴戜滑浠庝俊鎭氦娴佺殑瑙掑害鐫�鐪硷紝璁茶堪鑰呯殑闄堣堪鏄悜涓�瀹氱殑瀵硅薄浼犳挱淇℃伅骞惰瘯鍥句娇瀵规柟鐞嗚В鑷繁鐨勬�濇兂涓庢儏鎰熺殑琛ㄨ揪銆傚綋鐒讹紝杩欎釜鈥滃璞♀�濅富瑕佹槸浣滀负鍊惧惉鑰呯殑韬唤鍑虹幇鐨勶紝鑰屼笉瑕佽繃澶氬湴杩愮敤璇█鍙備笌鍒拌瘽璇殑浜ゆ祦涓庝簰鍔ㄤ腑锛屽惁鍒欒繖涓椿鍔ㄥ氨涓嶅啀鏄�滆杩扳�濊�屾垚浜嗏�滆皥璇濃�濄��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 姝ゅ锛岀嫭鐧界殑鍙﹀涓�涓惈涔変篃蹇呴』寰楀埌寮鸿皟锛氳杩扮殑鍐呭涓庤瘽璇緷闈犺杩板辜鍎胯嚜宸辨瀯鎬濄�佽嚜宸卞畬鎴愶紝鑰屼笉鑳戒緷鎵樺埆浜恒��
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="148">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(148) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗叚绔� 骞煎効璁茶堪娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">141</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>鑷繁鏋勬�濄�佽嚜宸卞畬鎴愶紝鑰屼笉鑳戒緷鎵樺埆浜恒��</p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">鐩稿叧閾炬帴</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-5">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="../../images/tb-5.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 鐙櫧鏈�甯哥敤鐨勬剰涔夋槸鏃犱汉鍦ㄥ満鐨勮嚜瑷�鑷锛屽搴旂殑鑻辫璇嶆眹鏄痵oliloquy锛涙垙鍓с�佺數褰辨湳璇腑鐨勭嫭鐧藉垯鎸囪鑹茬嫭鑷姃鍙戞劅鎯呮垨琛ㄨ揪涓汉鎰挎湜鐨勮瘽锛屼竴鑸敱婕斿憳鐙嚜蹇靛嚭姝ゆ椂姝ゅ埢鐨勫績鐞嗐�佹劅鎯呯瓑锛屽搴旂殑鑻辫璇嶈鏄痬onologue锛涘湪鏂囧鎰忎箟涓婏紝鐙櫧锛屾槸鏂囧浣滃搧涓汉鐗╄瑷�鐨勮〃鐜板舰寮忎箣涓�锛屾寚浜虹殑鑷�濄�佽嚜璇瓑鍐呭績娲诲姩銆傛枃瀛︿綔鍝佷腑缁忓父閫氳繃浜虹墿鍐呭績琛ㄧ櫧鏉ユ彮绀轰汉鐗╅殣绉樼殑鍐呭績涓栫晫锛岃兘鍏呭垎鍦板睍绀轰汉鐗╃殑鎬濇兂銆佹�ф牸锛屼娇璇昏�呮洿娣卞埢鍦扮悊瑙ｄ汉鐗╃殑鎬濇兂鎰熸儏鍜岀簿绁為潰璨屻��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d098">锛堜笁锛夊辜鍎胯杩版椿鍔ㄩ渶瑕佽惀閫犱竴涓浉瀵规寮忕殑璇</h4>
+ <p>
+ 浠讳綍瑷�璇殑浜ゆ祦閮戒細鏈変竴涓壒瀹氳澧冦�傝繖閲岀殑璇涓昏鎸囪杩版椿鍔ㄧ幇鍦虹殑鎯呮櫙涓庢皼鍥淬�備笌璋堣瘽绛夐潪姝ｅ紡鐨勮瑷�浜ゆ祦娲诲姩涓嶅悓锛岃杩版椿鍔ㄧ殑鐜板満搴旇瀹夐潤鍜屽瘜鏈夌З搴忥紝杩欐椂鐨勪氦娴佺幇鍦烘槸浠ヨ杩拌�呭強鍏惰杩颁负鏍稿績鐨勩�傚浜庤杩扮殑骞煎効鑰岃█锛屼竴涓畨闈欒�屽瘜鏈夊寘瀹圭殑璁茶堪鎯呭瀵逛簬浠栦滑鐨勮杩版椿鍔ㄨ嚦鍏抽噸瑕併�傚彧鏈夊畨闈欏拰瀵屾湁绉╁簭鐨勮澧冿紝鎵嶈兘淇冭繘璁茶堪鑰呯殑璁茶堪骞朵笖褰㈡垚鑹ソ鐨勪氦娴佹牸灞�銆傚悓鏃讹紝鍦ㄤ綔涓烘暀鑲茶浇浣撶殑璁茶堪娲诲姩涓紝骞煎効蹇呴』褰㈡垚鏄庣‘鐨勮鍒欐剰璇嗗拰瑙掕壊鎰忚瘑锛氬惉鑰呭鑷繁鐨勫繀瑕佺害鏉熸槸瀵硅杩拌�呮湁鍔涚殑榧撳姳涓庢敮鎸侊紝杩欐槸娲诲姩鍙備笌鑰呭湪娲诲姩鐜板満鐨勫熀鏈箟鍔′笌璐ｄ换銆傗�滃繁鎵�涓嶆锛屽嬁鏂戒簬浜衡�濓紝骞煎効鐨勫悓鎯呭績涓庨亾寰锋劅涔熶細閫愭笎鍦ㄨ繖鏍风殑鎯呭鐔忛櫠閲岃悓鑺戒笌鐢熼暱銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄨ杩版椿鍔ㄧ浉瀵规寮忕殑璇涓紝鏁欏笀搴旇鍏呭垎鍙戞尌鑷繁浣滀负娲诲姩寮曢鑰呫�佹椿鍔ㄧ鐞嗚�呭拰娲诲姩鏀寔鑰呯殑浣滅敤銆傞鍏堬紝鏁欏笀鏄鍒欏埗瀹氳�呯殑棣栧腑銆傝杩版椿鍔ㄨ鍒欐渶濂界殑浜х敓鏂瑰紡鏄暀甯堝紩瀵煎辜鍎挎皯涓诲晢璁紝浣嗘暀甯堝洜涓鸿嚜韬殑鏉冨▉鍦ㄨ鍒欑殑鍒跺畾涓繀鐒跺湴浣嶉珮浜庡辜鍎裤�傚叾娆★紝鍦ㄥ叿浣撶殑璁茶堪娲诲姩涓紝鏁欏笀鐨勮█琛屾柟寮忔槸璁茶堪娲诲姩瑙勫垯鐨勫叿浣撳寲銆傚浜庡辜鍎胯�岃█锛屾暀甯堢殑瑷�琛岄兘鏄ず鑼冨拰姒滄牱锛屽悓鏃朵篃鏄粬浠悊瑙ｈ鍒欑殑褰㈣薄鍖栨墜娈点�傛渶鍚庯紝浣滀负娲诲姩鐨勭鐞嗚�咃紝鏁欏笀瀵硅澧冩皼鍥寸殑钀ラ�犱綔鐢ㄤ笉瑷�鑷槑銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d099">锛堝洓锛夊辜鍎胯杩版椿鍔ㄩ渶瑕佽皟鍔ㄥ辜鍎跨殑澶氱琛ㄨ揪鎵嬫</h4>
+ <p>
+ 浜虹被鐨勫彛璇〃杈惧苟涓嶄粎浠呮槸鍗曠函鍦拌繍鐢ㄦ湁澹拌瑷�锛岃繕瑕佺患鍚堣繍鐢ㄨ〃鎯呫�佺洰鍏夈�佽韩濮裤�佹墜鍔跨敋鑷崇┖闂磋窛绂荤瓑澶氱鎵嬫銆傛鏄湪杩欐牱鐨勬剰涔変笂锛屾湁瀛﹁�呮妸璇█鍒嗕负褰綋璇█銆佸彛澶磋瑷�鍜屼功闈㈣瑷�涓夌褰㈡�併�傚辜鍎跨殑琛ㄨ堪杩樺浜庤█璇〃杈剧殑鎽哥储鍜屽皾璇曢樁娈碉紝浠栦滑瀵硅█璇殑杩愮敤杩樹笉鑳介┚杞诲氨鐔燂紝鍥犺�岋紝鏇撮渶瑕佺患鍚堣繍鐢ㄥ绉嶈〃杈炬墜娈佃繘琛屼紶鎯呰揪鎰忋�傝繖閲岀殑澶氱鎵嬫锛岄櫎浜嗘�佸娍璇█澶栵紝鐢氳嚦杩樺寘鎷粯鐢汇�佹瓕鍞辩瓑涓�绯诲垪鐨勫叾浠栧舰寮忎笌鏂规硶锛屽彧瑕佽繖绉嶆墜娈靛彲浠ュ府鍔╁辜鍎挎洿濂藉湴瀹炵幇璁茶堪鐩殑锛屽氨涓嶅簲璇ヨ绂佹銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 璁茶堪娲诲姩闇�瑕佸厖鍒嗘縺鍙戝拰璋冨姩骞煎効鐨勫绉嶈〃杈炬墜娈碉紝杩欐牱鐨勫皾璇曟湁鍔╀簬骞煎効涓板瘜缁忛獙鐨勭Н绱拰鏄庣‘绉瀬鐨勮嚜鎴戣鐭ョ殑褰㈡垚銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="149">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(149) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">142</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">鐩稿叧閾炬帴</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-5">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="../../images/tb-5.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 鐟炲＋蹇冪悊瀛﹀鐨簹鏉拌涓猴紝2锝�7宀佺殑瀛﹀墠鏈熷辜鍎垮浜庡墠杩愭�濋樁娈碉紝浠栦滑鏇村鍦颁娇鐢ㄨ薄寰佹�х鍙锋潵鎬濈淮锛屾瘮濡傦紝鐪嬪埌濡堝鐨勮溅閽ュ寵鍙兘浼氭兂鍒扳�滃幓鍟嗗簵鍚椻�濓紝鍥犱负瀛╁瓙寮�濮嬪皢閽ュ寵鐪嬩綔寮�杞︾殑璞″緛锛屼粬浠繕娌℃湁寮�濮嬫湁缁勭粐鐨勩�佸舰寮忕殑銆侀�昏緫鎬х殑蹇冪悊杩囩▼銆傚悓鏃讹紝浠栦滑杩樺叿鏈夎嚜鎴戜腑蹇冩�濈淮鐨勭壒鐐癸紝涓嶈兘閲囩撼浠栦汉鐨勮鐐广��<a
+ id="w2"
+ ></a
+ ><a href="chapter006.html#m2"><sup>[2]</sup></a>
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c039">涓夈�佸辜鍎胯杩版椿鍔ㄧ殑涓昏绫诲瀷</h3>
+ <p>
+ 浜嬬墿鐨勫垎绫诲線寰�闇�瑕佷緷鎹竴瀹氱殑鏍囧噯銆傛爣鍑嗕笉鍚岋紝鍒嗗嚭鐨勭被鍒篃浼氭湁鎵�鍖哄埆銆備负浜嗘洿濂藉湴璁よ瘑骞煎効璁茶堪娲诲姩锛屼互涓嬫垜浠皾璇曚粠涓嶅悓瑙嗚渚濇嵁涓嶅悓鐨勬爣鍑嗚繘琛屽垎绫讳粙缁嶃��
+ </p>
+ <p>锛堜竴锛変緷鎹杩板唴瀹逛笌鏂瑰紡鍒掑垎</p>
+ <h5 id="e110">1.鍙欎簨鎬ц杩�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鍙欎簨鎬ц杩版槸鎸囧辜鍎胯繍鐢ㄥ彛澶磋瑷�鍜屽舰浣撹瑷�鎶婅嚜宸辨垨鍏朵粬浜虹墿鐨勭粡鍘嗘垨鑰呬簨鐗╁彂鐢熺殑璧峰洜銆佺粡杩囧拰缁撴灉璁茶堪鍑烘潵銆傚彊浜嬫�ц杩板湪骞煎効璁茶堪涓崰鏈夐噸瑕佺殑浣嶇疆锛屼篃鏄辜鍎胯杩颁腑鏈�涓哄熀纭�鐨勮杩版柟寮忋�傛垜浠父璇寸殑鈥滆鏁呬簨鈥濆疄闄呬笂灏辨槸涓�绉嶅彊浜嬫�ц杩般��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 瀵逛簬骞煎効鑰岃█锛屼粬浠殑鍙欎簨鎬ц杩板線寰�鍐呭鍗曚竴锛岀嚎绱㈡槑鏅帮紝绡囧箙鐭皬锛屼笌骞煎効鐨勭敓娲诲瘑鍒囩粨鍚堬紝璁茶堪鏂瑰紡涓婁篃鍙互姣旇緝绠�鍗曪紝鍙渶瑕佹寜鐓т竴瀹氱殑椤哄簭鎶婁簨鐗╀粙缁嶆竻妤氾紝骞朵笉瑕佹眰鎯呰妭澶嶆潅鍜岃穼瀹曡捣浼忋��
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">妗堜緥6-1</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-1">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center"><b>涓彮骞煎効璁茶堪娲诲姩锛氱埍绗戠殑灏忚姳</b></p>
+ <p>涓�浣嶄腑鐝殑灏忔湅鍙嬭繖鏍疯杩版晠浜嬨�婄埍绗戠殑灏忚姳銆嬶細</p>
+ <p>鍏洯閲屾湁鏈靛皬鑺便�傚皬鑺辩湅瑙佸ぉ澶┿�傚ぉ澶╅棶灏忚姳锛氣�滀綘鍙粈涔堝悕瀛楋紵鈥�</p>
+ <p>灏忚姳涓嶈璇濄��</p>
+ <p>澶╁ぉ浼稿嚭灏忔墜锛岃閲囪繖鏈佃姳銆�</p>
+ <p>澶栧叕璇达細鈥滃ぉ澶╁埆閲囷紒浣犱竴閲囦笅鏉ワ紝鑺卞効灏卞摥浜嗐�傗��</p>
+ <p>澶╁ぉ涓嶆兂鐪嬪埌灏忚姳鍝紝灏辨病鏈夐噰銆�</p>
+ <p>灏忚姳鎴愪簡澶╁ぉ鐨勫ソ鏈嬪弸銆�</p>
+ <p>澶栧﹩璇达細鈥滃ぉ澶╀箹锛屼綘涔熸槸涓�鏈靛皬鑺便�傗��</p>
+ <p><br /></p>
+ <p>
+ 涓婇潰鐨勫辜鍎胯杩版椿鍔紝濡傛灉浠庢垚浜鸿搴﹁姹傦紝骞煎効瀵光�滅埍绗戠殑灏忚姳鈥濈殑璁茶堪褰㈣薄
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m2"></a><a href="chapter006.html#w2">[2]</a>
+ 锛荤編锛界綏浼壒路璐瑰皵寰锋浖.鍙戝睍蹇冪悊瀛︹�斺�斾汉鐨勬瘯鐢熷彂灞曪蓟M锛�.鑻忓溅鎹凤紝绛夛紝璇�.鍖椾含锛氫笘鐣屽浘涔﹀嚭鐗堝叕鍙革紝2007锛�258-260.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="150">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(150) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗叚绔� 骞煎効璁茶堪娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">143</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 骞朵笉绐佸嚭锛岃澶氱粏鑺備篃缂哄皯鎻忔懝锛岀敋鑷宠繛璐拰琛旀帴涓婇兘涓嶅鑷劧锛屽皬鑺卞効鐨勨�滅埍绗戔�濇牴鏈氨娌℃湁琛ㄧ幇鍑烘潵銆備絾鏄紝瀵逛簬涓彮骞煎効鑰岃█锛岃杩版儏鑺傛瘮杈冨畬鏁达紝鏉＄悊姣旇緝娓呮锛屽凡缁忓叿澶囦簡骞煎効鍙欎簨鎬ц杩扮殑鐗瑰緛銆傚彲瑙侊紝瀵逛簬骞煎効璁茶堪娲诲姩蹇呴』閲囧彇瀹藉鐨勬�佸害锛岃姹備笉瀹滀弗鑻涖��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e111">2.鎻忚堪鎬ц杩�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鎻忚堪鎬ц杩版槸骞煎効杩愮敤鍙ｅご璇█瀵逛簨鐗╄繘琛屽噯纭�佸叿浣撱�佸舰璞＄殑鎻忔懝浠ュ睍鐜颁簨鐗╃姸鎬佺殑璁茶堪鏂瑰紡銆傛弿杩版�ц杩扮獊鍑虹殑鐗圭偣鍦ㄤ簬鎻忚堪鐨勬潗鏂欐潵婧愪簬骞煎効瀵逛汉鎴栫墿鐨勫叿浣撹瀵熶笌鍒囪韩鎰熷彈锛屽湪鎻忚堪涓鍔涙眰鍦ㄧ粏鑺備笂琛ㄧ幇浜嬬墿鐨勭壒寰併��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀瀵瑰辜鍎挎弿杩版�ф椿鍔ㄧ殑寮曞锛屽繀椤荤揣绱ф姄浣忎簨鐗╃殑鐗瑰緛寮曞骞煎効杩涜璇█鎻忚堪銆傚彊杩版�ц杩扮殑绗竴瑕佹眰鏄�滅嚎绱㈡竻鈥濓紝鎻忚堪鎬ц杩扮殑棣栬瑕佹眰灏辨槸鈥滆瀵熷噯鈥濄�傛瘮濡傦紝璁茶堪鈥滅澶╃殑鑿婅姳鈥濓紝骞煎効灏卞簲璇ュ叿浣撳舰璞″湴璁茶堪鍑鸿強鑺辩殑棰滆壊銆佸舰鐘讹紝灏介噺鍏呭垎鍦颁紶閫掔澶╄強鑺辩殑淇℃伅锛屽苟灏介噺涓板瘜鍦拌〃杈捐嚜宸卞绉嬪ぉ鑿婅姳缇庝附濮挎�佺殑鎰熷彈銆�
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">妗堜緥6-2</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-1">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center"><b>澶х彮璁茶堪娲诲姩锛氫笉鍚岀殑鑴�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 鑰佸笀锛氬皬鏈嬪弸浠紝鑰佸笀缁欎綘浠甫鏉ヤ簡绀肩墿锛岀湅鐪嬪皬鏈嬪弸浠枩娆笉鍠滄銆傦紙缁欏皬鏈嬪弸浠彂鍝堝搱闀滐級
+ </p>
+ <p>骞煎効锛氬枩娆€��</p>
+ <p>
+ 鑰佸笀锛氬皬鏈嬪弸浠紝杩欎釜闀滃瓙鍙笉鏄竴鑸殑闀滃瓙锛屽畠鍙搱鍝堥暅銆傛嬁璧峰搱鍝堥暅锛屽湪鍝堝搱闀滈噷浠旂粏瑙傚療浣犺嚜宸辩殑鑴搞�傜湅鐪嬪拰骞虫椂鏈変粈涔堜笉鍚岋紝鎻忚堪缁欏皬鏈嬪弸浠拰鑰佸笀鍚��
+ </p>
+ <p>骞煎効1锛氭垜鐨勮劯鑳栬儢鐨勶紝鍍忎竴鍙ぇ鐨悆銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効2锛氭垜鐨勮劯鍦ㄩ暅瀛愰噷鐦︾槮鐨勶紝鍍忎釜鐦︾尨鍎裤�傛垜濡堝璇存垜涓嶅ソ濂藉悆楗紝灏辨槸鍙槮鐚淬��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鑰佸笀锛氬搱鍝堥暅鏄竴涓緢濂囨�殑涓滆タ锛屾槸鍚э紵涓嬮潰锛屽皬鏈嬪弸浠紝鎸夌収鑰佸笀鐨勮姹傛潵鍋氳〃鎯咃紝骞朵笖瑙傚療浣犲湪闀滃瓙閲岀殑琛ㄦ儏鏄粈涔堟牱鐨勶紝鍐嶈缁嗗湴璇寸粰澶у鍚��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効3锛氭垜绗戠殑鏃跺�欙紝闀滃瓙閲岀殑鑴告洿鑳栦簡锛岄蓟瀛愬彉灏忎簡锛岀溂鐫涙垚浜嗕竴鏉＄紳鍎裤��
+ </p>
+ <p>鑰佸笀锛氬皬鏈嬪弸璇村緱濂斤紒澶у鍐嶅仛涓鑴歌瘯璇曘��</p>
+ <p>鈥︹��</p>
+ <p><br /></p>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄤ笂渚嬩腑锛屾暀甯堝紩瀵煎辜鍎胯瀵熶粬浠殑闈㈤儴琛ㄦ儏鍦ㄥ搱鍝堥暅涓殑涓嶅悓褰㈣薄锛岃姹傚辜鍎跨敤褰㈣薄鐨勮瑷�鎻忚堪浠栦滑灞曠幇鍦ㄥ搱鍝堥暅閲岀殑闈㈤儴琛ㄦ儏銆傜敱浜庢暀鍏烽�夋嫨寰楀緢鍒嚧锛屽皬鏈嬪弸鐨勮〃鎯呰嚜鐒朵笌骞虫椂涓嶅悓锛屽瀛愮殑鍏磋叮琚厖鍒嗘縺鍙戜簡锛屾弿杩版�ц杩版椿鍔ㄧ殑鏁堟灉鑷劧闈炲悓涓�鑸��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e112">3.璇存槑鎬ц杩�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 璇存槑鎬ц杩版槸骞煎効杩愮敤绠�娲佸噯纭殑鍙ｅご璇█鎶婁簨鐗╃殑褰㈢姸銆佺壒寰併�佸姛鐢ㄦ垨娲诲姩鐨勬楠ゅ拰娴佺▼绛夎В璇村嚭鏉ャ�傚湪璇存槑鎬ц杩版椿鍔ㄤ腑锛屽辜鍎垮浜嬬墿鐨勪粙缁嶅亸閲嶄簬鎻ず浜�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="151">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(151) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">144</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鐗╃殑鐗圭偣銆佸姛鐢ㄤ互鍙婃搷浣滅殑姝ラ涓庢柟娉曪紝鍙嶆槧骞煎効瀵逛簨鐗╂�ц川涓庣壒寰佺殑鍒ゆ柇涓庤璇嗐�傛瘮濡傦紝璁茶堪鈥滄垜瀹剁殑鎴垮瓙鈥濓紝灏卞彲浠ラ�氳繃璇存槑鑷繁瀹剁殑鎴垮瓙鐨勪綅缃�佸ぇ灏忋�侀鑹插拰鐢ㄩ�旂瓑鏉ヤ粙缁嶈嚜宸卞鐨勬埧瀛愮殑鍏蜂綋鎯呭喌銆傚湪涓嬮潰鐨勫疄渚嬩腑锛岃�佸笀鎶撲綇鏈轰細璁╄帀鑾夎繘琛岃鏄庢�ц杩帮紝灏辨敹鍒颁簡闈炲父濂界殑鏁堟灉銆�
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk">
+ <div class="bk1">
+ <p><span class="bj2">鏁欒偛鏁呬簨</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-3">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-2" alt="" src="../../images/tb-3.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center"><b>鑾夎帀鐨勬幐瀛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 鑾夎帀鏄竴涓儐灏忕殑濂冲銆傝繖涓�澶╋紝濂逛粠瀹堕噷甯︽潵浜嗕竴涓幐瀛愶紝涓婇潰鎵庢弧浜嗕簲棰滃叚鑹茬殑缇芥瘺锛屾紓浜瀬浜嗭紝灏忔湅鍙嬩滑鍚戣帀鑾夋姇鏉ョ尽鎱曠殑鐩厜锛屽洜涓烘柊濂囷紝浠栦滑浜夌潃鎶㈢潃鍑戣繎瑙傚療鑾夎帀鐨勬幐瀛愩�傝�佸笀璁や负杩欐槸涓�涓．澶ц帀鑾夎儐瀛愮殑濂芥満浼氾紝浜庢槸鍦ㄥ仛浜嗛�傚綋鐨勫紩瀵煎悗灏辫姹傝帀鑾夌粰澶у浠嬬粛婕備寒鐨勬幐瀛愩�傝帀鑾夊钩鏃惰儐灏忥紝浣嗕粖澶╁湪灏忔湅鍙嬩滑缇℃厱鐨勭洰鍏変腑锛屽ス闈炲父楂樺叴鍦拌鐫�鎺稿瓙鐨勭敤閫旓紝璁茬潃浠庡濡堥偅鍎垮惉鏉ョ殑鍏充簬鎺稿瓙鐨勫仛娉曘�傚皬鏈嬪弸浠兘闈欓潤鍦板�惧惉鐫�銆傚ス璁插緱闈炲父妫掞紒
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 璇存槑鎬ц杩版槸涓�绉嶅父鐢ㄧ殑璁茶堪鏂瑰紡銆傜敱璋佹潵璁茶堪鏄暀甯堥渶瑕佽�冭檻鐨勪竴涓棶棰樸�傚湪涓婁緥涓紝鑳嗗皬鐨勮帀鑾夊洜涓鸿嚜宸辨湁涓�鍙紓浜殑鎺稿瓙锛岃嚜韬殑璧勬簮浼樺娍寮曡捣灏忔湅鍙嬩滑鐨勭尽鎱曪紝鎵�浠ヨ帀鑾変篃鎴愪负鐝骇閲岀殑鏄庢槦浜虹墿銆傛暀甯堝氨寰堝ソ鍦版姄浣忎簡杩欐牱鐨勬満浼氾紝鎴愬氨浜嗚帀鑾夋敼鍙樿嚜鎴戠殑涓�娆℃垚鍔熻〃杈俱��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e113">4.璁鎬ц杩�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 璁鎬ц杩版槸骞煎効閫氳繃浜鐐广�佹憜浜嬪疄鏉ヨ〃杈捐嚜宸卞浜嬬墿鐨勬�佸害鍙婂叾鐞嗙敱鐨勮杩般�傚湪璁鎬ц杩版椿鍔ㄤ腑锛屽辜鍎块鍏堣鏄庣‘浜嚭鑷繁鐨勮鐐癸紝鍏舵瑕佺畝鍗曢槓鏄庤嚜宸辨墍鎸佽鐐圭殑鐞嗙敱銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍥犱负骞煎効鐨勬�濈淮褰㈠紡杩樺浜庡舰璞℃�濈淮涓轰富鐨勯樁娈碉紝璁鎬ц杩板浜庡辜鍎垮叿鏈夊緢澶х殑鎸戞垬鎬э紝鎵�浠ュ辜鍎夸竴鑸埌澶х彮闃舵鎵嶆洿澶氬湴杩涜杩欑璁茶堪娲诲姩銆備絾鏄紝杩欓噷涓嶅緱涓嶈鐨勬槸锛氭垜浠殑鏁欒偛浼犵粺涓缁堝瓨鍦ㄧ潃鏉熺細瀛╁瓙瀵逛簨鐗╁舰鎴愮嫭绔嬭�屾槑纭湅娉曠殑鍊惧悜锛岃繖鏍蜂竴绉嶅�惧悜涔熷湪寰堝ぇ绋嬪害涓婂埗绾︿簡鎴戝浗浜烘墠鐨勫彂灞曘�傛垜浠簲璇ヤ粠骞煎効闃舵灏遍紦鍔卞瀛愭暍浜庢妸鑷繁鐪熷疄鐨勬兂娉曞ぇ澶ф柟鏂瑰湴璁茶堪鍑烘潵锛岃繖鏈夌泭浜庝富瑙佹剰璇嗙殑褰㈡垚锛屾湁鍒╀簬寮犳壃涓�х殑褰㈡垚锛岃璁烘�ц杩板鍙戝睍骞煎効鐨勯�昏緫鎬ф�濈淮鑳藉姏鍔╃泭鑹銆�
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">妗堜緥6-3</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-1">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center"><b>澶х彮璁茶堪娲诲姩锛氬皬铏瓙涓嶆槸瀹宠櫕</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 鑰佸笀锛氬皬铏瓙锛岃洞鍦ㄦ爲鍙朵笂鍚冩爲鍙讹紝灏忛笩椋炶繃鏉ユ妸灏忚櫕瀛愬徏璧颁簡锛屽皬楦熷府鍔╁ぇ鏍戯紝灏忛笩澶氫箞鍔╀汉涓轰箰鍟婏紒
+ </p>
+ <p>鏄庢槑锛氳�佸笀锛岃�佸笀锛屽皬楦熷仛寰椾笉瀵广��</p>
+ <p>
+ 鑰佸笀锛堟剷鐒讹級锛氬皬铏瓙鏄铏紝灏忛笩鍦ㄤ繚鎶ゅ彾瀛愩�傚皬楦熷仛寰楁�庝箞涓嶅鍟婏紵鏄庢槑璇蜂綘璇磋鐞嗙敱銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏄庢槑锛氭垜鐖哥埜璇达紝灏忓姩鐗╅兘瑕佺敓娲汇�傚皬铏瓙涔熻鐢熸椿锛屽畠鍚冩爲鍙舵槸瀵圭殑銆傚畠涓嶅悆鏍戝彾鎬庝箞娲诲憖锛�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="152">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(152) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗叚绔� 骞煎効璁茶堪娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">145</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>娆㈡锛氬皬铏瓙鏄铏紝灏忛笩灏卞簲璇ュ悆鎺夊畠銆�</p>
+ <p>鏄庢槑锛氬皬铏瓙锛屼篃鏄敓鍛斤紝灏忛笩鍋氬緱涓嶅銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鑰佸笀锛氭槑鏄庢槸涓杽浜庢�濊�冪殑濂藉瀛愶紝浠栧浜嬫儏鏈夎嚜宸辩殑鐪嬫硶銆傚皬鏈嬪弸浠紝鎴戜滑鎺ョ潃鏉ュ惉鏄庢槑鐨勭悊鐢便��
+ </p>
+ <p>鈥︹��</p>
+ <p>
+ <b>鍒嗘瀽锛�</b
+ >闈㈠鏄庢槑瀵瑰皬楦熶笉搴旇鎹夊皬铏瓙鐨勮鐐癸紝鑰佸笀娌℃湁杞绘槗鍦板惁瀹氬瀛愶紝鑰屾槸鑰愬績鍦板�惧惉锛屽苟寮曞鍜岄紦鍔辨槑鏄庤繘琛岃璁烘�х殑璁茶堪锛岃繖鏍峰寘瀹瑰拰姘戜富鐨勬暀鑲叉柟寮忓浜庡瀛愮殑鎴愰暱鎰忎箟閲嶅ぇ銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d100">锛堜簩锛変緷鎹嚟鍊熺墿鐨勭壒鐐瑰垝鍒�</h4>
+ <h5 id="e114">1.鐪嬪浘璁茶堪</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鐪嬪浘璁茶堪鏄辜鍎垮湪瑙傚療鍥剧墖銆佺悊瑙ｅ浘鎰忕殑鍩虹涓婏紝鏍规嵁鍥剧墖锛岃繍鐢ㄦ伆褰撶殑璇█瀹屾暣銆佽繛璐�屽瘜鏈夋潯鐞嗗湴璁茶В鍥炬剰鐨勬椿鍔ㄣ�傚畠鏄辜鍎块潪甯稿枩娆㈢殑涓�绉嶈杩板舰寮忋��
+ </p>
+ <p class="center openImgBox">
+ <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../../images/0165-1.jpg" />
+ </p>
+ <p class="img">鍥�6-2 鐪嬪浘璁茶堪鏄辜鍎垮枩闂讳箰瑙佺殑璁茶堪褰㈠紡</p>
+ <p>
+ 鐪嬪浘璁茶堪鎴愬姛涓庡惁锛屽喅瀹氭�х殑鍥犵礌涓昏鍦ㄤ簬涓や釜鐜妭锛氫竴鏄瀵燂紝浜屾槸琛ㄨ揪銆傚辜鍎垮鍥剧墖瑙傚療寰楁槸鍚﹀噯纭灏斤紝鐩存帴鍐冲畾浜嗕粬鐨勮杩版槸鍚﹁█涔嬫湁鐗┿�佽█涔嬫垚搴忋�備絾鏄紝瑙傚療鍒颁簡锛屽苟涓嶄竴瀹氬氨鑳藉娓呮櫚鍑嗙‘鍦拌〃杈惧嚭鏉ワ紝杩欒渚濇墭骞煎効鐨勮瑷�绉疮涓庤〃杈捐兘鍔涖�傚綋鐒讹紝濡傚墠鎵�杩帮紝鎴戜滑寮鸿皟瀵瑰辜鍎跨殑璁茶堪搴旇鎶辨湁瀹藉鐨勬�佸害锛屽浠栦滑鐨勮璇篃娌℃湁蹇呰涓�涓�缁欎簣绾犳锛岀湡姝ｉ噸瑕佺殑鏄府鍔╁辜鍎挎爲绔嬭〃杈剧殑淇″績锛屼績杩涗粬浠垚涓烘�濇兂涓板瘜銆佽兘澶熸垚鍔熻繘琛屼汉闄呬氦寰�銆佹湁鍒涢�犲姏銆侀�傚簲绀句細鐜鐨勪釜浣撱�備篃鎭版伆鏄湪璇█瀹炶返涓紝骞煎効涓嶄粎瑕佷笉鏂湴閿荤偧鑷繁鐨勮瑷�骞跺皾璇曟妸鑷繁璇簱涓殑璇█鏉愭枡鏇村ソ鍦扮敤浜庤〃杈撅紝杩樿瀵硅嚜宸辩殑琛ㄨ揪杩囩▼涓庢晥鏋滆繘琛岀洃鎺у拰鍙嶆�濓紝灏界鍦ㄦ煇浜涙椂娈典細鏈夋尗鎶橈紝浣嗗辜鍎跨殑璇█鑳藉姏鐨勬彁楂樺氨鏄湪杩欐牱鐨勬尗鎶樺拰閿荤偧涓疄鐜扮殑銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 閽堝骞煎効鐨勫叿浣撴儏鍐碉紝鍦ㄥ皬鐝�佷腑鐝拰澶х彮骞煎効鐨勭湅鍥捐杩版椿鍔ㄤ腑锛屽簲璇ユ牴鎹勾榫勫拰璁ょ煡姘村钩閫夋嫨涓嶅悓闅惧害鍜屼笉鍚屽鏉傜▼搴︾殑鍥剧墖銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 涓哄皬鐝辜鍎块�夋嫨鐨勫浘鐗囪姹傦細涓婚鏄庣‘锛岀嚎绱㈠崟涓�锛涜鑹蹭笉瀹滃お澶氾紱鐢婚潰澶э紝鑳屾櫙姣旇緝绠�鍗曪紝鑹插僵鐩稿椴滆壋锛涚敾闈腑瑙掕壊鐨勫姩浣溿�佺鎬併�佽〃鎯呰鏄庢樉锛岃鑹茬壒寰佽椴滄槑绐佸嚭銆傚浘鐗囩殑绡囧箙瑕佸皯锛屼竴鑸湪4骞呬互鍐呫��
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="153">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(153) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">146</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 涓轰腑鐝辜鍎块�夋嫨鐨勫浘鐗囪姹傦細涓婚鏄庣‘锛岀嚎绱㈡瘮杈冪畝鍗曪紱鍓嶅悗鍥剧墖涔嬮棿搴旇鏈変竴瀹氱殑鑱旂郴锛屼絾鐣欑┖涓嶈兘澶锛涜鑹叉暟閲忚緝灏忕彮澧炲锛屽舰璞＄獊鍑猴紝鏈変竴瀹氱殑鍔ㄤ綔鍜岃〃鎯咃紝鑳戒粠鍥剧墖涓簡瑙ｈ鑹茬殑蹇冪悊娲诲姩銆傚彲浠ラ�夌敤澶氬箙鍥剧墖锛屼絾鏁扮洰渚濈劧瑕侀�傚綋鎺у埗銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 涓哄ぇ鐝辜鍎块�夋嫨鐨勫浘鐗囪姹傦細涓婚鏄庣‘锛岀嚎绱篃鐩稿澶嶆潅锛涘浘涓庡浘涔嬮棿鏈変竴瀹氱殑琛旀帴锛岀敾闈㈠唴瀹硅兘涓哄辜鍎挎彁渚涙兂璞＄殑绌洪棿锛涜鑹茬殑蹇冪悊娲诲姩鑳戒粠鐢婚潰涓瀵熷嚭鏉ワ紝鑳戒績杩涘辜鍎挎牴鎹敾闈㈡兂璞″拰鑱旀兂鍒扮敾闈互澶栫殑绾跨储锛屽垎鏋愬嚭鐢婚潰涓婂悇涓簨鐗╀箣闂寸殑鐩镐簰鍏崇郴銆傚彲鐢ㄥ骞呭浘锛屾垨杩涜鎺掑浘璁茶堪銆�
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk">
+ <div class="bk1">
+ <p><span class="bj2">骞煎効鍥暀甯堣祫鏍艰瘉鑰冭瘯路鑰冪偣棰勬祴</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-2">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="../../images/tb-1.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 鐪嬪浘璁茶堪鏄辜鍎胯杩版椿鍔ㄧ殑閲嶈褰㈠紡銆傚湪鐪嬪浘璁茶堪涓紝閽堝骞煎効鐨勫叿浣撴儏鍐碉紝鍥剧墖鐨勯�夋嫨鏈変粈涔堣寰嬪憿锛熻瘯缁撳悎骞煎効鐨勮鐭ュ彂灞曡寰嬭涓�璇淬��
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <h5 id="e115">2.瀹炵墿璁茶堪</h5>
+ <p>
+ 瀹炵墿璁茶堪鏄辜鍎垮嚟鍊熺幇鍦哄疄鐗╄繘琛岃杩扮殑娲诲姩銆備笌鐪嬪浘璁茶堪鐩告瘮锛屽疄鐗╁叿鏈夊疄浣撶殑鎬ц川锛屽氨鍦ㄨ杩拌�呭拰鍊惧惉鑰呯殑闈㈠墠锛屾洿鍔犲叿鏈夌湡瀹炪�佸彲鎰熺殑鐗圭偣銆傝繖閲岀殑瀹炵墿鏃㈠彲浠ユ槸鐪熷疄鐨勭墿鍝侊紝濡傜帺鍏枫�佸姩妞嶇墿鎴栬�呮棩甯哥敓娲荤敤鍝侊紝涔熷彲浠ユ槸澶栧湪鐨勮嚜鐒舵櫙鐗┿��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効杩涜瀹炵墿璁茶堪鍓嶏紝蹇呴』鍏蜂綋鎰熺煡銆佺悊瑙ｅ疄鐗╋紝鎶婃彙瀹炵墿鐨勭壒寰侊紝濡傚褰€�侀噸閲忋�佽川鍦般�佺敤閫斻�佷娇鐢ㄦ柟娉曠瓑锛岃繖鏄辜鍎垮疄鐗╄杩版垚鍔熺殑鍓嶆彁銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 瀵逛簬涓嶅悓骞撮緞闃舵鐨勫辜鍎匡紝鍑�熷疄鐗╄繘琛岃杩扮殑瑕佹眰寰�寰�鏈夋墍鍖哄埆锛氬皬鐝辜鍎跨殑瀹炵墿璁茶堪锛屽彧瑕佽兘灏嗕簨鐗╃殑涓昏鐗瑰緛鎻忚堪瀹屾暣锛屽張姣旇緝娓呮灏辫锛涗腑鐝辜鍎跨殑瀹炵墿璁茶堪鍒欒鍦ㄥ噯纭殑鍩虹涓婃洿鍏蜂綋鍜岀敓鍔紱瀵逛簬澶х彮鐨勫辜鍎挎潵璇达紝瀹炵墿璁茶堪涓嶄粎瑕侀拡瀵瑰疄鐗╁厖鍒嗚杩帮紝杩樿灏濊瘯瓒呰秺鍑�熺墿杩涜鍒涢�犳�х殑璁茶堪銆備互涓嬫槸鍏充簬灏忕彮銆佷腑鐝�佸ぇ鐝笁涓勾榫勬鐨勫辜鍎垮疄鐗╄杩扮殑鍏蜂綋瑕佹眰銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 灏忕彮骞煎効瑕佹眰鑳芥湁鍏磋叮鍦拌繍鐢ㄥ悇绉嶆劅瀹橈紝鎸夌収瑕佹眰鍘绘劅鐭ヨ杩板唴瀹癸紱鐞嗚В鍐呭绠�鍗曘�佺壒寰侀矞鏄庣殑瀹炵墿锛涙効鎰忓湪闆嗕綋闈㈠墠璁茶堪锛涜兘姝ｇ‘鍦拌鍑鸿杩板唴瀹圭殑涓昏鐗瑰緛锛涜兘瀹夐潤鍦板惉鑰佸笀鎴栧悓浼磋杩帮紝骞剁敤鐪肩潧娉ㄨ璁茶堪鑰呫��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 涓彮骞煎効瑕佹眰鍏绘垚鍏堜粩缁嗚瀵燂紝鍚庤杩拌〃杈剧殑涔犳儻锛涜兘涓诲姩鍦板湪闆嗕綋闈㈠墠璁茶堪锛屽０闊虫椽浜紝鍙ュ紡瀹屾暣锛涘浼氭寜鐓т竴瀹氱殑椤哄簭璁茶堪瀹炵墿锛涜兘绉瀬鍦板�惧惉鍒汉鐨勮杩板唴瀹癸紝鍙戠幇寮傚悓锛屽苟浠庝腑瀛︿範濂界殑璁茶堪鏂规硶銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 澶х彮骞煎効瑕佹眰鑳芥湁閲嶇偣鍦拌杩板疄鐗╋紝绐佸嚭璁茶堪鐨勪腑蹇冨唴瀹癸紱鍦ㄩ泦浣撻潰鍓嶈璇濇�佸害鑷劧澶ф柟锛岃兘鏍规嵁鍦哄悎鐨勯渶瑕佽皟鑺傝嚜宸辫璇濈殑闊抽噺鍜岃閫燂紱璁茶瘽鏃惰瑷�琛ㄨ揪娴佺晠锛屼笉鍋滈】锛岀敤璇嶇敤鍙ヨ緝涓哄噯纭��
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">妗堜緥6-4</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-1">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center"><b>灏忕彮璁茶堪娲诲姩锛氭垜鐨勫皬楗煎共</b></p>
+ <p>涓�銆佹劅鐭ラゼ骞�</p>
+ <p>
+ 1.鎰熺煡涓嶅悓褰㈢姸鐨勯ゼ骞层�傛暀甯堝嚭绀�1锝�2绉嶅舰鐘朵笉涓�鏍风殑楗煎共锛岄棶锛氳繖鏄粈涔�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="154">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(154) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗叚绔� 骞煎効璁茶堪娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">147</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>褰㈢姸鐨勯ゼ骞诧紵浣犺繕鍚冭繃浠�涔堝舰鐘剁殑楗煎共锛�</p>
+ <p>
+ 2.鎰熺煡涓嶅悓棰滆壊鐨勯ゼ骞层�傛暀甯堝嚭绀哄舰鐘朵竴鏍枫�侀鑹蹭笉涓�鏍风殑楗煎共銆傞棶骞煎効锛屽畠浠湁浠�涔堜笉涓�鏍凤紵澶у杩樺悆杩囦粈涔堥鑹茬殑楗煎共锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3.鎰熺煡涓嶅悓鍛抽亾鐨勯ゼ骞层�傛暀甯堬細楗煎共鐨勯鑹蹭笉涓�鏍凤紝褰㈢姸涓嶄竴鏍凤紝閭ｅ懗閬撲竴鏍峰悧锛熸暀甯堣灏忔湅鍙嬪搧灏濅竴涓嬩笉鍚岀殑楗煎共锛岀劧鍚庤涓�璇达紝浣犲悆鐨勬槸浠�涔堝懗閬撶殑楗煎共锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>4.鎬荤粨锛氶ゼ骞茬殑褰㈢姸鏈夆�︹�﹂鑹叉湁鈥︹�﹀懗閬撴湁鈥︹��</p>
+ <p>浜屻�佸紩杩涙柊缁忛獙锛岄ゼ骞插彉鍙樺彉锛屾縺鍙戞兂璞�</p>
+ <p>1.鎾斁楗煎共鍒朵綔鐨勮浠讹紝鎻愪緵骞煎効鏂扮粡楠屻��</p>
+ <p>2.涓埆骞煎効鍝佸皾楗煎共锛屽紩瀵煎辜鍎胯竟鍝佸皾杈硅鍑洪ゼ骞茬殑鍙樺寲銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氳皝鎯虫潵灏濅竴灏濇垜鐨勯ゼ骞诧紵寮曞骞煎効鍦ㄥ搧灏濈殑杩囩▼涓彂鐜伴ゼ骞茬殑鍙樺寲锛岃鍑衡�滃晩鍛滀竴鍙ｏ紝楗煎共鍍忊�︹�︹��
+ </p>
+ <p>鈥︹�︹�︹��</p>
+ <p><br /></p>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄤ笂渚嬩腑锛屾暀甯堥�夋嫨浜嗗皬鐝辜鍎垮枩闂讳箰瑙佺殑楗煎共浣滀负瀹炵墿璁茶堪鐨勫璞★紝寮曞骞煎効浠庡舰鐘躲�侀鑹层�佸懗閬撶瓑鏂归潰鎰熷彈楗煎共锛屽啀缁撳悎鍏蜂綋浣撻獙杩涜璁茶堪銆傚浜庡皬鐝辜鍎胯�岃█锛岃杩扮‘瀹炴槸涓�椤归毦搴﹁緝澶х殑娲诲姩锛屼絾缁忚繃鏁欏笀鏈夋潯鐞嗙殑璁捐鍜屽紩瀵硷紝璁茶堪娲诲姩鍖栭毦涓虹畝锛岃叮鍛虫í鐢熴��
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk">
+ <div class="bk1">
+ <p><span class="bj2">骞煎効鍥暀甯堣祫鏍艰瘉鑰冭瘯路鑰冪偣棰勬祴</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-2">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="../../images/tb-1.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 瀹炵墿璁茶堪鍜岀湅鍥捐杩版槸骞煎効璁茶堪娲诲姩鐨勪袱绉嶄笉鍚屽舰寮忥紝浣嗘槸瀹冧滑鐨勪笉鍚屼富瑕佸湪浜庡嚟鍊熺墿鐨勪笉鍚屻�備綘璁や负鍑�熺墿鐨勯�夋嫨鏈変粈涔堣寰嬶紵鏄疄鐗╂洿濂斤紝杩樻槸鍥剧墖鏇村ソ锛屼负浠�涔堬紵
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <h5 id="e116">3.鎯呮櫙璁茶堪</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鎯呮櫙璁茶堪锛屾槸鏍规嵁骞煎効缁忛獙鍒涜鎯呮櫙锛屽湪鍏蜂綋鎯呮櫙涓娇骞煎効鍏呭垎鎰熷彈骞朵互涔嬩綔涓鸿杩板嚟鍊熺殑璁茶堪鏂瑰紡銆傝繖閲岀殑鎯呮櫙鍙互鐢卞辜鍎挎垨鑰呮暀甯堜笌骞煎効涓�璧锋壆婕旇鑹茶繘琛岃〃婕旓紝涔熷彲浠ュ�熷姪鏈ㄥ伓銆佹墜鍋剁瓑杩涜琛ㄦ紨銆傝〃婕旀槸鐩墠骞煎効璁茶堪娲诲姩涓渶涓哄父鐢ㄧ殑鎯呮櫙鍖栫殑鎵嬫锛屽洜涓哄叾鍦烘櫙鐨勭敓鍔ㄥ拰褰㈠紡鐨勬椿娉煎鍙楁暀甯堝拰骞煎効鍠滄銆傚叾瀹烇紝鍏充簬鈥滄儏鏅�濓紝鎴戜滑鍙互鍋氭洿骞夸箟鐨勮В閲婏紝姣斿锛屽彲浠ラ�氳繃瑙傝祻褰曞儚绛夊濯掍綋浣滃搧鍐嶇幇鎯呮櫙锛岃櫧鐒舵儏鏅殑鍏蜂綋褰㈣薄鏃犳硶涓庤〃婕旂浉姣旓紝浣嗘槸鎿嶄綔涓婃瘮琛ㄦ紨鏇村姞绠�鍗曟槗琛屻��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鎯呮櫙璁茶堪鐨勫舰寮忔椿娉硷紝鏄撲簬婵�鍙戝辜鍎跨殑鍏磋叮锛屾湪鍋躲�佹墜鍋剁瓑閬撳叿涓哄辜鍎垮枩闂讳箰瑙侊紝褰曞儚绛夊奖瑙嗚祫鏂欏彲浠ヤ负缁忛獙骞朵笉涓板瘜鐨勫辜鍎挎彁渚涚敓鍔ㄧ殑鍦烘櫙锛岃繖鏍峰辜鍎跨殑璁茶堪灏卞彲浠ヨ瀺鎯呬簬鐞嗭紝韬績鐨勪綋楠岀敋鑷虫湁濡傝韩涓村叾澧冦��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 绐佸嚭琛ㄦ紨鎬х殑鎯呮櫙璁茶堪鍙互瑙嗕负涓�绉嶇患鍚堟�ф椿鍔紝寰�寰�鏄瀺琛ㄦ紨涓庤杩颁簬涓�浣撶殑銆備笉杩囷紝搴旇鎻愰啋澶у娉ㄦ剰鐨勬槸锛屽湪璁茶堪娲诲姩涓紝绐佸嚭鐨勬槸璁茶堪锛屽墽鎯呯殑璁捐涓嶈兘杩囦簬澶嶆潅锛屽簲璇ヤ娇骞煎効瀹规槗鐪嬫噦锛屽鏄撶悊瑙ｏ紝瑙掕壊鍜屾儏鑺傞兘涓嶈拷姹傝繃澶х殑瀹归噺涓�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="155">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(155) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">148</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 闅惧害銆傛儏鏅槸浣滀负鑳屾櫙涓庢潗鏂欒�屽嚭鐜扮殑锛屾牴鏈洰鐨勮繕鍦ㄤ簬鍩瑰吇骞煎効鐙珛鏋勬�濆苟鐙珛璁茶堪鐨勮兘鍔涖�傚叿浣撶洰鏍囧彲浠ョ晫瀹氫负鍩瑰吇骞煎効鍦ㄥ厖鍒嗘劅鐭ュ拰鐞嗚В鎯呮櫙鍚庯紝瀵规儏鑺傚唴瀹广�佷汉鐗╂儏缁笌鎬ф牸銆佷汉鐗╄瑷�涓庡姩浣滅瓑杩愮敤鑷繁鐨勮瑷�杩涜璁茶堪鐨勮兘鍔涖��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 绐佸嚭琛ㄦ紨鎬х殑鎯呮櫙璁茶堪鏈変竴涓瘮杈冨鏉傜殑鍑嗗杩囩▼锛屽ぇ浣撳彲浠ュ垎涓哄唴瀹归�夋嫨銆佺粍缁囨帓缁冦�侀亾鍏峰噯澶囥�佸満鏅竷缃�佽〃婕斿睍绀虹瓑銆備竴鑸潵璇达紝鏍规嵁骞煎効鐗圭偣锛岄�夋嫨閭ｄ簺鎯呰妭绠�鍗曪紝鍔ㄤ綔鑺傚鎰熷己锛屾湁2锝�3浜哄弬涓庤〃婕旓紝鏈夐�傚綋瀵硅瘽鐨勫唴瀹规洿涓哄悎閫傘�傜粍缁囨帓缁冪殑杩囩▼鏄竴涓啛鎮夋儏鑺傘�佹俯涔犺鑹茬殑杩囩▼锛屾暀甯堥渶瑕佹敞鎰忕殑鏄細鍦ㄦ紨鍛樼殑閫夋嫨涓婏紝瑕佺粰灏介噺澶氱殑瀛╁瓙鏈轰細锛岃�屼笉鏄竴鍛冲湴鎶婃満浼氫粎浠呯粰鐝噷涓変簲涓搮闀胯〃婕旂殑骞煎効銆傞亾鍏峰噯澶囧拰鍦烘櫙甯冪疆涔熸槸涓�椤归噸瑕佺殑宸ヤ綔锛屾暀甯堝彲浠ョ粍缁囧辜鍎夸竴璧峰畬鎴愩�傚ソ鐨勯亾鍏峰拰鍦烘櫙浼氫娇骞煎効韬复鍏跺锛屾劅鍙楁繁鍒伙紝杩欐牱锛屽辜鍎垮湪璁茶堪鏃讹紝灏辫兘澶熻█鐢卞績鐢熴��
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">娲诲姩妗堜緥6-1</span></p>
+ <div class="tp">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center"><b>涓彮璁茶堪娲诲姩锛氥�婄唺鍏堢敓鐢熺梾浜嗐��</b></p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩鐩爣锛�</b></p>
+ <p>1.閫氳繃瑙傜湅鎯呮櫙琛ㄦ紨锛岀悊瑙ｆ晠浜嬪唴瀹癸紝骞惰兘鐢ㄦ儏鏅�х殑璇█杩涜璁茶堪銆�</p>
+ <p>2.鐭ラ亾鐢熺梾瑕佸幓鍖婚櫌鐪嬬梾锛屽煿鍏诲辜鍎垮叧蹇冪梾浜虹殑鍚屾儏蹇冦��</p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩鍑嗗锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 鐔婂厛鐢熷ご楗般�佸皬鍏斿ご楗般�佸皬鐚村ご楗般�佹姢澹附銆佺櫧澶ц銆佸彿鐮佺墝銆佸尰鐢熺敤鍏凤紙鍚瘖鍣ㄣ�佸帇鑸屾澘銆佹墜鐢电瓛銆侀拡绛掋�佹竻娲楀共鍑�鐨勮嵂鐡躲�侀粍璞嗙矑鎵垚鐨勨�滆嵂鈥濓級绛夈��
+ </p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩杩囩▼锛�</b></p>
+ <p>琛ㄦ紨鏁呬簨锛屾縺鍙戝辜鍎垮叴瓒ｏ紝骞煎効鎰熺煡鐞嗚В璁茶堪瀵硅薄銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鐔婂厛鐢燂紙涓�浣嶅辜鍎挎壆婕旀劅鍐掔殑鐔婂厛鐢熷嚭鍦猴級锛氬皬鏈嬪弸锛屼粖澶╂垜鐢熺梾浜嗭紝涓嶈兘鍘讳笂鐝紝浣犱滑鐪嬫垜闅惧彈寰椻�︹�︼紙鐔婂厛鐢熷湪涓嶅仠鍦板挸鍡藉拰娴侀蓟娑曪級璋佽兘甯府鎴戝憖锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 灏忕尨锛堝辜鍎挎壆婕旓級锛氱唺鍏堢敓锛屾偍鐢熺梾浜嗭紝搴旇鍘诲尰闄㈢湅鍖荤敓锛岀湅鎮ㄩ毦鍙楃殑鏍峰瓙锛屽お鍙�滀簡锛佹垜闄偍鍘诲尰闄㈠惂锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>鐔婂厛鐢燂細澶阿璋簡锛屽皬鐚达紒</p>
+ <p>灏忕尨锛氳繖閲岀鍏斿尰鐢熺殑鍖婚櫌杩戯紝鍜变滑灏卞幓閭ｅ効鍚э紒</p>
+ <p>锛堝皬鐚存悁鐫�鐔婂厛鐢熸潵鍒板厰鍖荤敓鐨勫尰闄級</p>
+ <p>灏忕尨锛氱唺鍏堢敓鐢熺梾浜嗭紝鍏堟寕鍙枫��</p>
+ <p>鎶ゅ＋锛堝辜鍎挎壆婕旓級锛氭嬁鐫�鍙峰幓鍏斿尰鐢熷姙鍏銆�</p>
+ <p>鍏斿尰鐢燂紙骞煎効鎵紨锛夛細鐔婂厛鐢燂紝璇烽棶鎮ㄥ摢閲屾劅鍒颁笉鑸掓湇鍟婏紵</p>
+ <p>鐔婂厛鐢燂細鎴戜笉鍋滃湴鍜冲椊鍜屾祦榧绘稌锛岃寰楀叏韬箯鍔涖��</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛堝厰鍖荤敓鐢ㄥ惉璇婂櫒鍚簡鐔婂厛鐢熺殑鍛煎惛鍜屽績璺筹紝鎺ョ潃鍙堣鐔婂厛鐢熷紶寮�鍢村反锛岀敤鍘嬭垖鏉垮拰鎵嬬數绛掔湅浜嗙唺鍏堢敓鐨勫枆鍜欍�傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍏斿尰鐢燂細浣犲緱浜嗛噸鎰熷啋锛岃鎸夋椂鍚冭嵂锛屽浼戞伅銆佸鍠濇按锛屽緢蹇氨浼氬ソ鐨勩��
+ </p>
+ <p>锛堝厰鍖荤敓寮�鑽級</p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="156">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(156) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗叚绔� 骞煎効璁茶堪娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">149</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>鐔婂厛鐢燂細璋㈣阿鍖荤敓锛�</p>
+ <p>鍏斿尰鐢燂細涓嶇敤璋紒</p>
+ <p>
+ 鎶ゅ＋锛堝辜鍎挎壆婕旓紝鍙栬嵂缁欑唺鍏堢敓锛夛細鐔婂厛鐢燂紝鎮ㄧ殑鑽紝涓�瀹氳鎸夋椂鏈嶈嵂锛屾偍鐨勬劅鍐掓尯閲嶇殑锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>鐔婂厛鐢燂細璋㈣阿鎶ゅ＋锛�</p>
+ <p>鎶ゅ＋锛氫笉鐢ㄨ阿锛佸啀瑙侊紒</p>
+ <p>锛堝皬鐚存壎鐔婂厛鐢熺寮�鍖婚櫌锛�</p>
+ <p>鏍规嵁琛ㄦ紨涓殑鏁呬簨鍐呭锛屽辜鍎跨粌涔犵嫭绔嬭杩般��</p>
+ <p>閭�璇峰辜鍎夸笂鍙拌杩版晠浜嬶紝骞煎効鍐嶆娆ｈ祻鏁呬簨銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 宸╁浐杩佺Щ鏂扮殑璁茶堪缁忛獙锛氱唺鍏堢敓鐢熺梾浜嗭紝灏忕尨闄粬鍘诲厰鍖荤敓鐨勫尰闄㈢湅鐥咃紝鎴戜滑鐢熺梾浜嗭紝涔熻鍒板尰闄㈡壘鍖荤敓鐪嬬梾銆傚鏋滃皬鏈嬪弸韬竟鏈変汉鐢熺梾浜嗭紝鎴戜滑搴旇鎬庝箞鍋氬憿锛熸�庢牱鍘诲叧蹇冧粬浠憿锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>鈥︹��</p>
+ <p><b>闄勬晠浜嬶細銆婄唺鍏堢敓鐢熺梾浜嗐��</b></p>
+ <p>浠婂ぉ锛岀唺鍏堢敓娌℃湁鍘讳笂鐝紝浠栨劅鍐掍簡锛屼笉鍋滃湴鍜冲椊鍜屾祦榧绘稌銆�</p>
+ <p>浠栨潵鍒颁簡瀹堕檮杩戠殑鍖婚櫌锛屽苟鎸備簡鍙枫�傛帴鐫�锛屼粬鏉ュ埌浜嗗厰鍖荤敓鐨勫姙鍏銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鍏斿尰鐢燂細鈥滅唺鍏堢敓锛岃闂偍鍝噷鎰熷埌涓嶈垝鏈嶅晩锛熲�濈唺鍏堢敓锛氣�滄垜涓嶅仠鍦板挸鍡藉拰娴侀蓟娑曪紝瑙夊緱鍏ㄨ韩涔忓姏銆傗�濆厰鍖荤敓鐢ㄥ惉璇婂櫒鍚簡鐔婂厛鐢熺殑鍛煎惛鍜屽績璺筹紝鎺ョ潃鍙堣鐔婂厛鐢熷紶寮�鍢村反锛岀敤鍘嬭垖鏉垮拰鎵嬬數绛掔湅浜嗙唺鍏堢敓鐨勫枆鍜欍��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍏斿尰鐢燂細鈥滀綘鎰熷啋浜嗭紝瑕佹寜鏃跺悆鑽紝澶氫紤鎭紝澶氬枬姘达紝寰堝揩灏变細濂界殑銆傗�濈唺鍏堢敓锛氣�滆阿璋㈠尰鐢燂紒鈥濆厰鍖荤敓锛氣�滀笉鐢ㄨ阿锛佲�濈唺鍏堢敓鍦ㄨ嵂鎴挎嬁鍒颁簡鑽紝骞跺鎶ゅ＋璇达細鈥滆阿璋㈡姢澹紒鈥濇姢澹細鈥滀笉鐢ㄨ阿锛佸啀瑙侊紒鈥�
+ </p>
+ <p>鐔婂厛鐢燂細鈥滃啀瑙侊紒鈥�</p>
+ <p>
+ <b>鍒嗘瀽锛�</b
+ >鍦ㄤ笂闈㈢殑娲诲姩妗堜緥涓紝鏁欏笀棣栧厛璇峰辜鍎跨敓鍔ㄥ湴琛ㄦ紨鏁呬簨锛岀劧鍚庨拡瀵规晠浜嬫儏鑺傛彁闂紩瀵硷紝甯姪骞煎効鍥炲繂鏁呬簨鎯呰妭锛屽啀缁勭粐骞煎効鏍规嵁鎯呰妭璁茶堪鏁呬簨锛岀幆鐜浉鎵ｏ紝鎬濊矾娓呮櫚銆傚辜鍎跨殑璁茶堪涔熷彉寰楁按鍒版笭鎴愩�傚鐓ф晠浜嬪師鏂囷紝澶у涓嶉毦鍙戠幇锛岃〃婕斾腑澧炲姞浜嗗皬鐚寸殑瑙掕壊锛岀洰鐨勫湪浜庯細绗竴锛屽彲浠ユ洿濂藉湴浼犻�掓瘡涓汉閮藉簲璇ュ鐥呬汉鍏呮弧鍏崇埍鐨勬儏鎰熸暀鑲蹭富鏃紱绗簩锛屽彲浠ヤ娇鏇村鐨勫辜鍎垮湪琛ㄦ紨涓緱鍒伴敾鐐笺�傚彲瑙侊紝瀵逛簬鎯呮櫙璁茶堪涓殑琛ㄦ紨涓庤杩帮紝鏁欏笀鍜屽辜鍎块兘鍙互鍩轰簬娲诲姩鐨勯渶瑕佸鏂囨湰杩涜鍚堢悊鏀圭紪锛岀敋鑷冲垱閫犮��
+ </p>
+ <h2 id="b016">绗簩鑺傘��骞煎効璁茶堪娲诲姩鐨勮璁′笌缁勭粐鎸囧</h2>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効璁茶堪娲诲姩鏄辜鍎垮洯璇█娲诲姩鐨勫熀鏈柟寮忎箣涓�锛岀浉瀵逛簬骞煎効璋堣瘽娲诲姩闅惧害鏇村ぇ銆傝瑷�璁茶堪浣滀负涓�椤规椿鍔紝蹇呴』涓绘棬鏄庣‘锛屽唴瀹瑰悎鐞嗭紝鏂规硶寰楀綋锛岃繖鏍锋墠鑳戒繚闅滃辜鍎垮湪娲诲姩涓幏寰椾赴瀵岀殑鎴愰暱鏈轰細涓庝笉鏂殑璇█杩涙銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="157">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(157) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">150</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <h3 id="c040">涓�銆佸辜鍎胯杩版椿鍔ㄧ殑鐩爣瀹氫綅</h3>
+ <h4 id="d101">锛堜竴锛夊煿鍏诲辜鍎挎劅鐭ャ�佺悊瑙ｈ杩板璞＄殑鑳藉姏</h4>
+ <p>
+ 浜虹被鐨勫ぇ鑴戠毊璐ㄥ彲浠ュ垎涓哄乏鍙充袱涓笉鍚岀殑鐗规畩鍗婄悆锛屼袱涓壒娈婂崐鐞冮兘鏈夊悇鑷叿浣撶殑鍔熻兘鍜岀嫭鐗圭殑鎬濈淮鏂瑰紡锛屽畠浠繕寰�寰�琚繘涓�姝ュ垝鍒嗕负涓嶅悓鐨勫尯鍩熴�備絾鏄紝浜虹被瀵逛簨鐗╃殑鎰熺煡鍜岀悊瑙ｏ紝寰�寰�鏄繖浜涘尯鍩熷拰涓や釜鍗婄悆鍗忓悓宸ヤ綔鐨勭粨鏋溿�傚叾瀹烇紝浠庣浉鐢熺浉鎴愮殑瑙掑害鐪嬶紝浜虹被鐨勫ぇ鑴戜箣鎵�浠ュ彂灞曞緱濡傛瀹屽杽锛屾伆鎭版槸鐢变汉绫讳笉鏂瀹㈣浜嬬墿杩涜鎰熺煡鍜岀悊瑙ｇ殑瀹炶返鍘嗙▼濉戦�犵殑銆傛病鏈夎壇濂界殑鎰熺煡鍜岀悊瑙ｈ兘鍔涳紝瀹㈣涓栫晫瀵逛簬浜虹被鑰岃█锛屼細鏃犳瘮闄岀敓锛屼笘鐣屽皢涓嶆槸浜虹被鐨勪笘鐣屻�傝繖鏍风殑浜虹被涓庡叾浠栧姩鐗╀綍寮傦紵鎴戜滑寮鸿皟浜虹被璁よ瘑涓栫晫鐨勮繃绋嬪簲璇ヤ粠骞煎効寮�濮嬶紝杩欎釜鏃跺�欐渶涓烘晱閿愩�傝繖閲岋紝杩樺簲璇ュ己璋冪殑鏄紝杩欎釜鍘嗙▼鏇撮渶瑕佺殑鏄辜鍎胯嚜宸辩殑鐢熷懡浣撻獙锛岃�屼笉鏄鑰佸笀鈥滄暀鈥濅細銆傜毊浜氭澃璇达紝濡傛灉涓�涓暀甯堣繃鏃╁湴灏嗚嚜宸辩殑鍙戠幇鏁欑粰骞煎効锛岃繖涓辜鍎垮氨涓嶄細鑷繁鍘绘帰绱㈠苟鏈�缁堟棤娉曞畬鍏ㄧ悊瑙ｃ�傛墍浠ワ紝鏁欏笀鐪熸鐨勪环鍊煎湪浜庝负骞煎効鎻愬嚭闂鎴栬�呭紩鍙戝辜鍎跨殑闂锛屽苟涓斾负浠栦滑鐨勬�濊�冧笌鍥炵瓟鎻愪緵鏉′欢锛岃�屼笉鏄妸鑷繁璁や负姝ｇ‘鐨勭瓟妗堝憡鐭ヨ�屽凡銆備篃姝ｆ槸鍦ㄨ繖鏍风殑鎰忎箟涓婏紝缁存灉鑼ㄥ熀鎵嶈锛氫粖澶╁辜鍎垮湪鍚堜綔涓墠鑳藉仛鐨勶紝鏄庡ぉ浠栧氨鑳界嫭鑷潵鍋氥�傚洜姝わ紝鍞竴濂界殑鏁欏绫诲瀷鏄細璧板湪鍙戝睍鐨勫墠闈紝骞跺紩瀵煎彂灞曘��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 瀵逛簨鐗╃殑鎰熺煡涓庣悊瑙ｅ苟涓嶄粎浠呮槸鎶婂疄浣撶殑浜嬬墿瀵硅薄鍖栧嵆鍙畬鎴愶紝杩樺線寰�鍖呮嫭鍊熷姪姒傚康鍜岃鍙ョ瓑杩欎簺琛ㄨ揪浜嬬墿鐨勪腑浠嬫潵瀹炵幇锛岃繖涔熸伆鎭版槸浜哄尯鍒簬鍔ㄧ墿鐨勬牴鏈壒寰佷箣涓�銆傚北缇婃敞瑙嗙潃鑽夎娊鍎匡紝鍦ㄥ北缇婄溂閲岋紝鑽夎娊鍎夸粎浠呮槸椋熺墿锛屼絾鍦ㄤ汉绫荤殑鐪奸噷锛屽畠杩樻槸鏄ュぉ鎴栬�呴槼鍏夈�備汉鑳借璇嗕笘鐣岋紝鍦ㄥ緢澶х▼搴︿笂鏄熀浜庤瑷�鐨勫姏閲忋�傝櫧鐒惰縿浠婁负姝紝骞煎効澶ц剳鍐呯殑璇█鑾峰緱瑁呯疆LAD涔熻繕鍙槸涓�涓亣鎯筹紝骞煎効璇█鑾峰緱鐨勭瀵嗚繙鏈彮寮�锛屼絾娌℃湁浜夎鐨勬槸锛屼汉绫诲ぇ鑴戦噷杩欎釜绁炲瑁呯疆鐨勮繍杞涓嶅紑澶栫晫璇█鐨勫埡婵�銆傛墍浠ワ紝涓板瘜澶氬僵鐨勮瑷�娲诲姩鑳藉婵�鍙戣繖涓濂囪缃殑杩愯锛屽苟淇冭繘骞煎効鏅烘収鐨勬垚闀裤��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍚屾椂锛屾暀甯堜篃搴旇鍏冲績骞煎効鐨勭ぞ浼氳繛鎺ワ紙social
+ connectedness锛夈�傚瀛愬湪杩欎釜闃舵宸茬粡寮�濮嬩簡瑙ｆ儏鎰熺殑绉拌皳锛屽蹇箰銆佹偛浼ゃ�佸鎬曘�佹劋鎬掔瓑锛屼粬浠篃寮�濮嬭�冭檻浠栦汉鐨勬劅鍙椼�傜編鍥藉綋浠ｅ績鐞嗗瀹禤erry璁や负锛屽辜鍎挎湁涓�绉嶅己鐑堢殑鎰挎湜锛屼粬浠兂鑺辨椂闂村拰鍚屼即鍦ㄤ竴璧凤紝浠栦滑鐨勫ぇ澶氭暟琛屼负閮戒細浼撮殢寮虹儓鐨勬儏鎰燂紝杩欐椂浠栦滑鐨勬暣涓韩浣撻兘鍦ㄨ璇濓紝鍗宠韩浣撹瑷�銆�<a
+ id="w3"
+ ></a
+ ><a href="chapter006.html#m3"><sup>[3]</sup></a
+ >绀句細杩炴帴鐨勯噸瑕佹墜娈靛氨鏄瑷�锛屽�熷姪璇█鐞嗚В浜嬬墿鍦ㄨ杩版椿鍔ㄤ腑灏辨槸鐞嗚В璁茶堪瀵硅薄銆傚疄璺佃瘉鏄庯紝涓板瘜澶氬僵鐨勬椿鍔ㄤ綋楠屾湁鍔╀簬骞煎効鐨勬劅鐭ヤ笌璁茶堪銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d102">锛堜簩锛夊煿鍏诲辜鍎跨嫭绔嬫瀯鎬濆拰璁茶堪鐨勬剰璇嗕笌鑳藉姏</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鐙珛鏋勬�濇槸鐙珛璁茶堪鐨勫熀纭�銆傜嫭绔嬫瀯鎬濇槸骞煎効浠モ�滄垜鈥濅负涓讳綋瀵瑰瑙備簨鐗╃殑鐞嗚В涓庡垎鏋愶紝鑰岃杩版槸骞煎効鎶婅嚜宸卞浜嬬墿鐨勭悊瑙ｄ笌鍒嗘瀽璇夎璇█琛ㄨ揪缁欏惉浼椼�傚辜鍎胯杩版椿鍔ㄥ浜庡辜鍎胯瑷�鑳藉姏鍜屽垱閫犲姏鐨勫煿鍏婚兘鏈夊緢澶т环鍊笺�備絾鏄紝鐩稿浜庢垜鍥藉辜鍎垮洯鍊″鐨勮杩版椿鍔紝鍥藉鍦ㄨ瑷�鍒涢�犳�ф柟闈㈢殑鎺㈢储鏇翠负娣辫繙銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鐜颁唬绀句細闈炲父閲嶈鍒涢�犲姏鐨勫煿鍏伙紝鑰岃瑷�鍒涢�犲姏琚涓烘槸鍒涢�犲姏鏈�涓烘樉钁楃殑鍐�
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m3"></a><a href="chapter006.html#w3">[3]</a> Jeanne
+ M.Machado.骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛锛氱7鐗堬蓟M锛�.鐜嬫嚳棰栵紝绛夛紝璇�.鍖椾含锛氬寳浜笀鑼冨ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2012.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="158">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(158) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗叚绔� 骞煎効璁茶堪娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">151</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 瀹广�傚洜姝わ紝瀛﹀墠鏁欒偛鍙戣揪鍥藉闈炲父閲嶈璇█鍒涢�犲姏鐨勫煿鍏汇�傛瘮濡傦紝鏂懇鏍肩鏂崱锛圫mogorxewska锛夊氨灏濊瘯閲囩敤浜嗕袱绉嶆晠浜嬪垱浣滄柟娉曗�斺�斺�滄晠浜嬬嚎绱㈡硶鈥濓紙Storyline锛夊拰鈥滆仈鎯抽噾瀛楀娉曗�濓紙Association
+ Pyamid锛夋潵婵�鍙戝辜鍎胯繍鐢ㄨ瑷�鐨勫垱閫犵儹鎯咃紝浠ュ煿鍏诲辜鍎跨殑瑷�璇垱閫犺兘鍔涖��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄦ晠浜嬬嚎绱㈡硶涓紝浠栦互鏁呬簨鍒涗綔涓轰换鍔★紝鍦ㄥ畬鎴愪换鍔＄殑杩囩▼涓紝閮藉湪绐佸嚭闂鐨勮В鍐炽�傚湪杩欐牱鐨勬椿鍔ㄤ腑锛屽辜鍎挎槸鍒涢�犵殑涓讳綋锛屾暀甯堜綔涓衡�滆剼鎵嬫灦鈥濊礋璐ｄ负骞煎効鎻愪緵鏁呬簨鐗囨锛屼綔涓烘縺鍔辫�呴紦鍔卞辜鍎胯繘琛屾晠浜嬪垱浣溿�傚湪骞煎効閬囧埌鍥伴毦鏃讹紝鏁欏笀鍐嶈繍鐢ㄦ彁闂瓑鏂瑰紡杈呭姪骞煎効杩涜鎬濊�冨拰鍒涢�狅紝浠ュ府鍔╀粬浠畬鎴愭暣涓晠浜嬨��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 姒傛嫭鑰岃█锛屾晠浜嬬嚎绱㈡硶鍏蜂綋鐨勫疄鏂借繃绋嬩负锛氭暀甯堟牴鎹晠浜嬬粨鏋勶紝姣忔缁欏嚭涓�鏉＄嚎绱紝骞煎効鍥寸粫绾跨储杩涜鎯宠薄鎴栬�呮�濈淮鍙戞暎锛岀劧鍚庡鎯宠薄鎴栧彂鏁ｆ�濈淮鐨勬垚鏋滆繘琛屾暣鍚堬紝骞惰繍鐢ㄥ悇绉嶆柟寮忓彂灞曡绾跨储銆傚彲浠ョ敤鍥�6-3琛ㄧず銆�
+ </p>
+ <p class="center openImgBox">
+ <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../../images/0171-1.jpg" />
+ </p>
+ <p class="img">
+ 鍥�6-3 鏁呬簨绾跨储娉曡缁冩祦绋�<a id="w4"></a
+ ><a href="chapter006.html#m4"><sup>[4]</sup></a>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍙﹀涓�绉嶆晠浜嬪垱浣滄柟娉曠О涓鸿仈鎯抽噾瀛楀娉曪紝鍏舵搷浣滄柟娉曞涓嬨�傞鍏堬紝鐢辨暀甯堝悜骞煎効鎻愬嚭涓�涓瘝锛岃骞煎効鏍规嵁杩欎釜璇嶈繘琛岃嚜鐢辫仈鎯筹紝骞朵粠涓�夋嫨5涓渶鏈夎叮鐨勮瘝璇綔涓洪噾瀛楀鐨勫鍩恒�傚叾娆★紝鍦ㄥ悇涓瘝璇箣闂磋繘琛岄�愬眰鍏宠仈锛岀洿鍒版渶鍚庡舰鎴愰噾瀛楀鐨勫灏栵紝杩欐椂浠呮湁涓�涓瘝銆傛瘮濡傦紝鏁欏笀鎻愬嚭鈥滆嫻鏋溾�濊繖涓瘝锛屽辜鍎挎牴鎹嫻鏋滆嚜鐢辫仈鎯冲嚭浜嗏�滃ぉ绌恒�佸ぇ鏍戙�佺豢鑹层�佹槬澶┿�佸璺戔�濈瓑璇嶈锛屽苟鎶婅繖5涓瘝璇綔涓烘渶鏈夎叮鐨勮瘝璇綋浣滈噾瀛楀鐨勫鍩猴紝鎺ヤ笅鏉ヨ鍦�5涓瘝璇箣闂磋繘琛岄�愮骇鍏宠仈锛屽鈥滃ぉ绌烘槸澶ф爲鐨勪紴鈥濓紝骞朵笖浠庝腑鍙栧嚭鈥滀紴鈥濅綔涓轰笂涓�绾х殑浜嬬墿锛屾妸鈥滄槬澶┾�濆拰鈥滃璺戔�濆叧鑱旀垚鈥滄槬澶╁儚椋庝竴鏍峰湪濂旇窇鈥濓紝骞朵粠涓彇鍑衡�滈鈥濅綔涓轰笂涓�绾х殑浜嬬墿锛岃繖鏍蜂竴灞備竴灞傦紝鏈�鍚庨�愬眰鍏宠仈鍒拌繖涓浜庡灏栫殑璇嶅氨鏄晠浜嬬殑鏍囬鎴栦富棰樸�傚啀娆★紝鏁翠釜鏁呬簨鏍规嵁鍓嶉潰涓や釜姝ラ寤烘瀯鐨勮仈鎯抽噾瀛楀杩涜涓板瘜銆佸畬鍠勫拰鍙戝睍銆傛渶鍚庯紝姣忓悕骞煎効閮借瀵规晠浜嬬殑鍙戝睍杩涜琛ュ厖锛屽ぇ瀹惰繕瑕佸湪鏁呬簨瀹屾垚鍚庡悎浣滀互鑹烘湳鐨勬柟寮忚繘琛岃〃婕斻��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鎴戝浗骞煎効鍥殑璁茶堪娲诲姩闇�瑕佽创杩戝辜鍎跨殑鐜板疄鐢熸椿锛屽苟涓旂敤绉戝鍜屾柊棰栫殑褰㈠紡寮�灞曡瑷�鍒涢�狅紝浠呬粎鍋滅暀浜庘�滃杩扳�濈殑灞傞潰鏄繙杩滀笉澶熺殑銆�
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk">
+ <div class="bk1">
+ <p><span class="bj2">鎯充竴鎯�</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-4">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-2" alt="" src="../../images/tb-2.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 褰撲唬绀句細闈炲父寮鸿皟鍒涢�犳�х殑鍩瑰吇銆傚湪骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛涓紝鎴戜滑搴旇濡備綍鍩瑰吇骞煎効鐨勫垱閫犳�у憿锛�
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="159">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(159) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">152</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <h3 id="c041">浜屻�佸辜鍎胯杩版椿鍔ㄧ殑璁捐涓庣粍缁囨寚瀵�</h3>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効璁茶堪娲诲姩鏄竴椤规瘮杈冨鏉傜殑浜ら檯娲诲姩銆傚辜鍎挎暀甯堝簲璇ュ湪娲诲姩涔嬪墠杩涜鍏呭垎鐨勮璁★紝鎵嶈兘淇濋殰娲诲姩鏁堟灉銆傚辜鍎胯杩版椿鍔ㄧ殑璁捐涓庡疄鏂戒富瑕佸洿缁曚互涓嬬洰鏍囦笌鐜妭杩涜銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d103">锛堜竴锛夋劅鐭ャ�佺悊瑙ｈ杩板璞�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 濡傚墠鎵�杩帮紝鐪嬪浘璁茶堪銆佸疄鐗╄杩板拰鎯呭璁茶堪锛屾槸骞煎効璁茶堪鐨勪富瑕佸舰寮忥紝浣嗘槸鏃犺鍝褰㈠紡鐨勮杩帮紝閮借浠庡紩瀵煎辜鍎胯瀵熴�佸�惧惉鍜屾劅瑙夊叆鎵嬨�傛暀甯堣寮曞鍜屽府鍔╁辜鍎垮浼氳瀵熷浘鐗囧拰瀹炵墿銆佽瀵熷満鏅笌鍔ㄤ綔锛屽�惧惉璇█鎴栬�呭叾浠栧０闊筹紝鎰熻Е浜嬬墿鐨勫悇绉嶇壒寰侊紝鍏蜂綋鎰熷彈鎯呭涓庢皼鍥淬�傚彧鏈夎繖鏍凤紝鎵嶈兘涓哄辜鍎跨殑璁茶堪娲诲姩濂犲畾璁ょ煡鍩虹銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 姣斿锛屽惉褰曢煶鍚庤杩般�婂澶╃殑姹犲銆嬫椿鍔ㄣ�傛暀甯堝厛璁╁辜鍎胯鐪熷�惧惉涓�娈靛綍闊筹紝寮曞骞煎効鍒嗚鲸褰曢煶涓殑鍚勭澹板搷锛屾兂璞¤洐榧撲笌铦夐福鍑虹幇鐨勬椂闂淬�傛暀甯堣繕鏆楃ず骞煎効灏嗗悇绉嶅０闊宠仈绯昏捣鏉ワ紝鎯宠薄澶忔棩姹犲鐨勭儹闂规儏澧冦��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 涓嬮潰鎴戜滑鍐嶄互骞煎効鐪嬪浘璁茶堪涓轰緥锛岃鏄庢暀甯堟�庢牱缁欎簣骞煎効瑙傚療涓婄殑鎸囧銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e117">1.鐪嬩粈涔�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 璁茶堪鍓嶇殑鈥滅湅浠�涔堚�濓紝缁忓父琚О涓衡�滅湅鍥锯�濄�傜湅鍥剧幆鑺傛渶涓昏鐨勪换鍔″彲浠ュ垎鎴愬畯瑙傚拰寰涓や釜鏂归潰銆傚畯瑙備笂锛屾暀甯堝紩瀵煎辜鍎胯瀵熷浘鐢荤殑鏁翠綋鍐呭锛涘井瑙備笂锛屽紩瀵煎辜鍎胯瀵熼噸鐐圭粏鑺傘�傝瀵熷浘鐢荤殑鏁翠綋鍐呭锛屽彲浠ヤ績杩涘辜鍎垮浜嬬墿鐨勬暣浣撴劅鍙椾笌鎶婃彙锛涜瀵熷浘鐢荤殑閲嶇偣缁嗚妭锛屽彲浠ュ己鍖栧辜鍎垮鍥剧敾鍐呭鐨勬繁鍏ョ悊瑙ｏ紝杩樺彲浠ュ煿鍏诲辜鍎夸笓娉ㄧ殑鎬佸害鍜屼弗璋ㄧ殑绮剧銆傚綋鐒讹紝鍙湁骞煎効涓嶆柇绉疮璇诲浘缁忛獙锛屾墠浼氬吇鎴愯壇濂界殑璇诲浘鑳藉姏銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 姝ゅ锛岄渶瑕佹暀甯堟敞鎰忕殑鏄細鐩爣涓庨鏉愯姹備笉鍚岋紝鐪嬪浘鐨勮姹傚拰閲嶇偣涔熶細闅忎箣涓嶅悓锛屽苟涓嶆槸姣忎竴骞呭浘閮藉彧鐪嬧�滀富瑕佸唴瀹光�濇垨鍙湅鈥滅粏鑺傗�濓紝蹇呴』鏍规嵁绱犳潗鐨勪富棰樺幓鍒ゆ柇銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 姣斿锛屾垜浠紩瀵煎辜鍎垮嚟鍊熷浘鐢讳功銆婄埛鐖蜂竴瀹氭湁鍔炴硶銆嬶紙瑙佸浘6-4锛夎繘琛岃杩版椿鍔紝鍙互鍏堣骞煎効瑙傚療锛氬皬绾︾憻绌跨潃浠�涔堣。鏈嶏紵浠栫殑琛ｆ湇鍚堜笉鍚堣韩锛熺埛鐖锋鍦ㄥ仛浠�涔堬紵杩欐牱锛屽辜鍎垮湪瑙傚療涓氨鑳藉閫愭鐞嗚В鏁呬簨鍐呭锛屼负璁茶堪濂犲畾鑹ソ鐨勫熀纭�銆�
+ </p>
+ <p class="center openImgBox">
+ <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../../images/0172-1.jpg" />
+ </p>
+ <p class="img">
+ 鍥�6-4 銆婄埛鐖蜂竴瀹氭湁鍔炴硶銆�<a id="w5"></a
+ ><a href="chapter006.html#m5"><sup>[5]</sup></a>
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="160">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(160) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗叚绔� 骞煎効璁茶堪娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">153</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <h5 id="e118">2.鐪嬬殑椤哄簭</h5>
+ <p>
+ 涓�鑸潵璇达紝濡傛灉鏄竴骞呭浘锛岃鍏堢湅浜虹墿锛屽啀鐪嬬幆澧冿紝鍏堢湅娲诲姩锛屽啀鐪嬪湴鐐癸紝浠ヤ究鏄庣‘浜虹墿琛屼负鍜岀幆澧冪殑鍏崇郴銆傚鏋滄槸澶氬箙鍥撅紝瑕佸厛鐪嬩富瑕佹儏鑺傦紝鍐嶇湅娆¤鎯呰妭銆傜湅鍥剧殑椤哄簭涓�鑸槸鍏堜腑闂达紝鍚庡洓杈癸紝鍏堜笂鍚庝笅锛屽厛宸﹀悗鍙筹紝鍏堣繎鍚庤繙锛屼粠鏁翠綋鍒伴儴鍒嗗啀鍥炲埌鏁翠綋鐨勯『搴忋��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e119">3.鎻愰棶鐨勭瓥鐣�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄧ湅鍥捐杩颁腑锛屾暀甯堝湪寮曞骞煎効瑙傚療鏃跺線寰�浼氱敤鍒版彁闂�備竴鑸潵璇达紝闇�瑕佸辜鍎垮厛鐪嬪悗鎯筹紝骞煎効鐪嬩笉鏄庣櫧鎯充笉娓呮鐨勶紝鏁欏笀鍐嶈繘琛屾彁闂紩瀵笺�傛彁闂殑绫诲瀷鍙互鏄弿杩版�ч棶棰橈紙閽堝鐢婚潰鐨勪汉鐗┿�佹櫙鐗┿�佸姩浣滐紝闂湁璋侊紝鏈変粈涔堬紝鏄粈涔堟牱鐨勶紝鍦ㄥ仛浠�涔堬紝浠�涔堣〃鎯呮垨鍔ㄤ綔绛夛級锛涗篃鍙互鏄垽鏂�ч棶棰橈紙鏄杩樻槸閿欙紝鏄笉鏄竴鏍风瓑锛夛紱鎺ㄧ悊鎬ч棶棰橈紙鍦ㄨ浠�涔堬紝浼氭兂浜涗粈涔堢瓑锛夛紱杩樺彲浠ユ槸鍒嗘瀽鎬ч棶棰橈紙涓轰粈涔堬紝鎬庝箞鐭ラ亾鐨勭瓑锛夈��
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk">
+ <div class="bk1">
+ <p><span class="bj2">骞煎効鍥暀甯堣祫鏍艰瘉鑰冭瘯路鑰冪偣棰勬祴</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-2">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="../../images/tb-1.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄤ笌骞煎効鐨勪氦娴佷腑锛屾暀甯堢殑鎻愰棶鏄紩瀵煎辜鍎胯繘琛岃瀵熶笌鎬濊�冪殑閲嶈鎵嬫銆傚叧浜庢暀甯堝悜骞煎効鐨勬彁闂紝浣犺涓哄簲璇ユ敞鎰忎簺浠�涔堬紵
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <h4 id="d104">锛堜簩锛夊敜閱掋�佹縺鍙戝凡鏈夌粡楠�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鐨勮杩版椿鍔ㄥ繀鐒惰寤虹珛鍦ㄨ嚜宸辩殑宸叉湁缁忛獙涔嬩笂锛屾暀甯堜篃蹇呯劧瑕佸湪骞煎効鎰熺煡鐞嗚В璁茶堪瀵硅薄鐨勫熀纭�涓婏紝寮曞骞煎効杩愮敤宸叉湁鐨勭粡楠岃繘琛岃杩般�傚湪杩欎竴杩囩▼涓紝鏁欏笀搴旇浠ヤ俊浠荤殑鎬佸害缁欎簣骞煎効鍏呭垎鐨勬満浼氾紝璁╁辜鍎胯繍鐢ㄥ凡鏈夌殑缁忛獙鑷敱璁茶堪銆傝繖鏍锋墠鏈夊姪浜庡辜鍎垮缓绔嬭壇濂界殑鑷垜鎰忚瘑锛屽媷浜庤嚜鎴戣〃杈撅紝褰㈡垚浜烘牸涓婄殑鑷富涓庣嫭绔嬨�備紭绉�鐨勬暀甯堜竴瀹氭槸鎳傚緱娆ｈ祻骞煎効鍜屽垎浜辜鍎挎垚鍔熶綋楠岀殑鏁欏笀锛屾槸鍦ㄦ椿鍔ㄤ腑涓哄辜鍎挎彁渚涙洿骞块様鐨勭┖闂村拰鏇村鏈轰細鐨勬暀甯堛��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 缁勭粐骞煎効杩愮敤宸叉湁缁忛獙鑷敱璁茶堪鏈夊緢澶氭柟寮忥紝濡傞泦浣撹杩般�佸皬缁勮杩般�佷釜鍒氦娴佽杩扮瓑銆傛暀甯堝湪鎸囧璁茶堪娲诲姩鏃讹紝瑕佸仛鍒颁笁鐐癸細涓�鏄湪骞煎効鑷敱璁茶堪鍓嶏紝瑕佷氦浠ｆ竻妤氳杩版椿鍔ㄧ殑鍏蜂綋瑕佹眰锛屾彁绀哄辜鍎垮洿缁曟劅鐭ョ悊瑙ｇ殑瀵硅薄杩涜璁茶堪锛涗簩鏄湪骞煎効鑷敱璁茶堪杩囩▼涓紝瑕佽鐪熷�惧惉骞煎効鐨勮杩板唴瀹癸紝鍙婃椂鍙戠幇骞煎効璁茶堪杩囩▼涓殑鈥滈棯鍏夌偣鈥濓紝鍦ㄥ辜鍎块亣鍒板洶闅炬椂鍙互閫氳繃鎻掗棶绛夋柟寮忕粰浜堟敮鎸侊紝寮曞彂骞煎効缁х画璁茶堪锛涗笁鏄湪骞煎効璁茶堪娲诲姩鍚庯紝鏍规嵁骞煎効璁茶堪涓殑鍏蜂綋鎯呭喌瀹炰簨姹傛槸鍦扮粰浜堝辜鍎跨湡璇氱殑榧撳姳鍜岃〃鎵紝鍚屾椂娉ㄦ剰涓嶈鍒绘澘鍦扮洿鎺ユ寚鍑哄辜鍎胯杩颁腑瀛樺湪鐨勯棶棰樸�傚鏋滃辜鍎胯杩颁腑瀛樺湪鐨勯棶棰樹笉鑳戒笉鎸囧嚭锛屼篃蹇呴』閲囩敤濮斿鐨勬柟寮忥紝纭繚涓嶅骞煎効鐨勮嚜灏婂績閫犳垚浼ゅ浠ヨ嚧骞煎効澶卞幓褰撲紬琛ㄨ揪鐨勫媷姘斻��
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk">
+ <div class="bk1">
+ <p><span class="bj2">缁冧竴缁�</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-4">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-2" alt="" src="../../images/tb-2.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 璇烽潰鍚戝皬鐝辜鍎垮０鎯呭苟鑼傚湴璁茶堪涓�涓�傚悎浠栦滑鐨勫辜鍎挎晠浜嬶紙濡傛灉鑷繁涓嶈兘纭畾锛屽彲浠ョ敱鑰佸笀鎸囧畾锛夈��
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="161">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(161) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">154</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <h4 id="d105">锛堜笁锛夊紩杩涙柊鐨勮杩扮粡楠�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀鍦ㄥ辜鍎胯杩板畬姣曞悗锛岄櫎浜嗚缁欎簣骞煎効蹇呰鐨勯紦鍔辨�ц瘎浠峰锛岃繕瑕佷績杩涘拰甯姪骞煎効杩涜鍙婃椂鐨勫弽鎬濅笌鎻愬崌銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄥ辜鍎胯杩板悗鎻愮偧鏂扮殑璁茶堪缁忛獙锛屾槸璁茶堪娲诲姩蹇呬笉鍙皯鐨勭幆鑺傘�傝繖绉嶆彁鐐间竴鏂归潰瑕佹牴鎹杩版椿鍔ㄧ殑鐩爣涓庤姹傦紝鍙︿竴鏂归潰瑕佸瘑鍒囪仈绯诲辜鍎跨殑璁茶堪瀹炶返銆傛柊鐨勮杩扮粡楠岀殑鎻愮偧鍙互閽堝璁茶堪鎬濊矾銆佽杩版柟寮忎互鍙婅杩版槸鍚﹀畬鏁寸瓑杩涜寮曢涓庣偣鎷ㄣ��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e120">1.璁茶堪鎬濊矾</h5>
+ <p>
+ 璁茶堪鎬濊矾鏄辜鍎胯杩版椂鐨勬�濈淮璺緞涓庤〃杈剧嚎绱€�傛暀甯堝湪甯姪骞煎効鎻愮偧璁茶堪缁忛獙鏃讹紝鍘樻竻璁茶堪鎬濊矾鑷冲叧閲嶈銆傝杩板唴瀹瑰簲璇ュ洿缁曚腑蹇冿紝鏉＄悊娓呮櫚锛岄噸鐐圭獊鍑猴紝璇︾暐鏈夎嚧銆傚洿缁曚腑蹇冿紝璁茶堪鍐呭鎵嶄笉璺戦锛涙潯鐞嗘竻鏅帮紝鎸囨寜鐓т簨鐗╃殑閫昏緫椤哄簭瀹夋帓鏉愭枡缁勭粐璇█锛涢噸鐐圭獊鍑猴紝鎵嶈兘鎶撲綇浜嬬墿鐨勪富瑕佺壒寰侊紱璇︾暐寰楀綋锛屾墠鑳藉湪鏈夐檺鐨勬椂闂撮噷浼犻�掓渶閲嶈鐨勪俊鎭紝鎵嶆湁鏈�濂界殑璁茶堪鏁堢巼銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e121">2.璁茶堪鏂瑰紡</h5>
+ <p>
+ 璁茶堪鏂瑰紡鎸囬拡瀵逛笉鍚岀殑璁茶堪瀵硅薄涓庡唴瀹归�夋嫨鍚堢悊銆侀�傚疁鐨勮杩版柟娉曚笌鎵嬫銆傛湁浜虹墿銆佹湁鎯呰妭鐨勫唴瀹归�傚悎鎸夌収鏃堕棿绾跨储杩涜鍙欒堪鎬ц杩帮紱浠嬬粛鍏蜂綋浜嬬墿鐨勫唴瀹归�傚悎鎸夌収澶栧舰銆佷綔鐢ㄧ瓑浠庝笉鍚岃搴﹁繘琛岃鏄庢�ц杩帮紱闇�瑕佸缇庡ソ鏅墿绛夎繘琛岀粏鑷磋灏界殑琛ㄧ幇閫傚悎杩愮敤鎻忚堪鎬ц杩帮紱闇�瑕佸鍏蜂綋浜嬬墿鍙戣〃瑙佽В銆侀槓鏄庤鐐规椂锛岃杩愮敤璁寮忚杩扮殑鏂瑰紡銆傚湪鎵嬫涓婏紝璁茶堪骞朵笉鏄崟绾湴鍑�熻瑷�锛岃繕瑕佺患鍚堣繍鐢ㄦ�佸娍璇垨閬撳叿绛夊舰寮忥紝閲囩敤涓嶅悓鐨勯�斿緞寰�寰�鏈夋洿濂界殑琛ㄨ揪鏁堟灉銆備富瑕佺敤浠�涔堟柟寮忥紝鐢ㄥ摢绉嶆墜娈佃緟鍔╋紝閮芥湁閫傚疁鎬с�佸悎鐞嗘�х殑闂锛岄渶瑕佹暀甯堝紩瀵艰杩扮殑骞煎効杩涜鍒嗘瀽銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e122">3.瀹屾暣璁茶堪</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄨ杩拌繃绋嬩腑锛屾暀甯堥渶瑕佸府鍔╁辜鍎胯璇嗚杩扮殑鍩烘湰瑕佺礌锛屾瘮濡傦紝鍦ㄥ彊杩版�ц杩颁腑灏辨湁浜虹墿銆佹椂闂淬�佸湴鐐广�佷簨浠剁殑璧峰洜銆佺粡杩囧拰缁撴灉绛変笉鍙垨缂虹殑瑕佺礌銆傚辜鍎垮湪璁茶堪娲诲姩涓毦鍏嶄細蹇樿涓�涓や釜浜嬮」锛屾暀甯堝氨闇�瑕侀�氳繃鎻愰棶鎴栦笌骞煎効涓�璧疯璁哄垎鏋愮瓑甯姪骞煎効鎶婅繖浜涗笉鍙己灏戠殑瑕佺礌閫愪竴琛ヨ堪鍑烘潵銆�
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk">
+ <div class="bk1">
+ <p><span class="bj2">璁竴璁�</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-4">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-2" alt="" src="../../images/tb-2.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 璁板彊鏂囩殑鍏绱犳槸澶у鑰崇啛鑳借鐨勶紝璇曠粨鍚堥『鍙欍�佸�掑彊涓庢彃鍙欑殑璁板彊椤哄簭锛岃璇村湪骞煎効鐨勮杩颁腑锛屽畠浠殑杩愮敤浼氭槸鎬庢牱瀹炵幇鐨勶紵
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <h4 id="d106">锛堝洓锛夊珐鍥恒�佽縼绉昏杩扮粡楠�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 璁茶堪鑳藉姏鏄竴绉嶅簲鐢ㄦ�ф妧鑳姐�傚辜鍎垮湪杩涜璁茶堪娲诲姩涔嬪悗锛屽浼氱殑璁茶堪鎶�鑳藉彧鏄殏鏃剁暀瀛樹簬鑷繁鐨勫ぇ鑴戜箣涓紝杩欎簺缁忛獙濡傛灉涓嶈兘鍙婃椂鍦拌繘琛屽珐鍥猴紝寰�寰�浼氳杩呴�熼仐蹇橈紝鎵�浠ワ紝鏁欏笀搴旇鍦ㄨ杩版椿鍔ㄤ腑璁捐鍏蜂綋鐜妭浠ヤ績杩涘辜鍎胯杩扮粡楠岀殑娌夋穩锛屽�熸鍥哄寲骞煎効鐨勮杩拌兘鍔涗笌缁忛獙銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 宸╁浐璁茶堪鑳藉姏鐨勬渶濂芥柟娉曞氨鏄粍缁囬�傚綋鐨勭粌涔犮�傚彲浠ヨ骞煎効鐢ㄥ悓鏍风殑鏂规硶鎴栫被
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="162">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(162) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗叚绔� 骞煎効璁茶堪娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">155</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 浼肩殑鎬濊矾璁茶堪鍏朵粬浜嬬墿涓庡唴瀹癸紝瀛︿互鑷寸敤锛岃繖鍙互璁╁垰鍒氳幏寰楃殑璁茶堪缁忛獙鍦ㄥ疄闄呰繍鐢ㄤ腑鍒囧疄涓哄辜鍎挎墍鎺屾彙銆傝繖绉嶅浠ヨ嚧鐢ㄧ殑鏂规硶鎴戜滑鍙堝彲浠ョО涓衡�滆縼绉烩�濄�傚瓟瀛愯锛氣�滀妇涓�闅呬笉浠ヤ笁闅呭弽锛屽垯涓嶅涔熴�傗�濆杽浜庡涔犵殑浜烘�昏兘澶熺敱姝ゅ強褰硷紝瑙︾被鏃侀�氥�備絾骞煎効璁茶堪鑳藉姏杩佺Щ涓殑涓句竴鍙嶄笁鏄互鏁欏笀鐨勬椿鍔ㄨ璁′綔涓轰繚闅滅殑銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 姣斿锛岃杩板畬銆婂厰瀛愮殑鑰虫湹銆嬶紝鏁欏笀灏卞彲浠ュ紩瀵煎辜鍎胯瀵熴�佷簡瑙ｅ皬缇婄殑鑰虫湹銆佸皬楦＄殑鑰虫湹锛屽苟杩愮敤涓�瀹氱殑鎬濊矾鍜屾柟娉曡繘琛岀被浼肩殑璁茶堪銆傚敖绠″皬鍔ㄧ墿浠殑鑰虫湹涓嶅悓锛屼絾璁茶堪鑰虫湹鐨勬�濊矾涓庢柟娉曞嵈鏈夎澶氱浉鍚屾垨鐩歌繎涔嬪銆�
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk">
+ <div class="bk1">
+ <p><span class="bj2">骞煎効鍥暀甯堣祫鏍艰瘉鑰冭瘯路鑰冪偣棰勬祴</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-2">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="../../images/tb-1.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 鏈変汉璇达紝骞煎効鐨勬垚闀胯繃绋嬪氨鏄粡楠岀殑绉疮杩囩▼锛屽叾瀹烇紝骞煎効璁茶堪娲诲姩涔熻鍥寸粫缁忛獙灞曞紑銆備綘鍚屾剰杩欐牱鐨勮娉曞悧锛屼负浠�涔堬紵
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">娲诲姩妗堜緥6-2</span></p>
+ <div class="tp">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center"><b>涓彮鐪嬪浘璁茶堪娲诲姩锛氥�婂皬鍏斿鐨勭獥銆�</b></p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩鐩爣锛�</b></p>
+ <p>1.寮曞骞煎効鎺屾彙瑙傚療鍥剧墖鐨勬柟娉曚笌鎶�宸с��</p>
+ <p>
+ 2.娓呮櫚璁茶堪灏忓厰寤烘埧瀛愩�佸紑绐楀瓙銆佺敤鍐板潡浣滅獥鎴枫�佸啺鍧楄瀺鍖栧拰鐔婄尗浼集鍚戜粬璁茶В鐨勮繃绋嬶紝璁よ瘑缁撳啺涓庤瀺鍖栫殑鑷劧瑙勫緥銆�
+ </p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩鍑嗗锛�</b></p>
+ <p>銆婂皬鍏斿鐨勭獥銆嬪浘鐗囷紙瑙佸浘6-5锛夈��</p>
+ <p class="center openImgBox">
+ <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../../images/0175-1.jpg" />
+ </p>
+ <p class="img">
+ 鍥�6-5 銆婂皬鍏斿鐨勭獥銆�<a id="w6"></a
+ ><a href="chapter006.html#m6"><sup>[6]</sup></a>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛堝辜鍎胯杩扮殑涓昏鐩爣鏄湁搴忓湴璇达紝璁╁辜鍎挎寜鐓т竴瀹氱殑椤哄簭璇村嚭鍥剧墖銆佸疄鐗╃殑鐗瑰緛鎴栬�呬簨浠剁殑鍏蜂綋鎯呰妭銆傚湪鎯呮櫙璁茶堪涓紝浜嬩欢鐨勫彂鐢熴�佸彂灞曪紝浜虹墿鍜岃儗鏅殑鍏崇郴锛岄兘鏄辜鍎块渶瑕佸叿浣撴劅鐭ャ�佺悊瑙ｅ拰鎬濊�冪殑銆傛儏鏅杩板叿鏈夋祦鍔ㄦ�х殑鐗圭偣锛屽線寰�鏄瘡涓�涓儏鏅拰鍦洪潰鍚勭敤涓�寮犲浘鐗囨潵琛ㄧ幇锛屼笉鍚岀殑鐢婚潰涔嬮棿鍙堝叿鏈夋椂闂翠笂鐨勫欢缁�у拰鎯呰妭
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m6"></a><a href="chapter006.html#w6">[6]</a>
+ 钖涙鍚�.灏忓厰瀹剁殑绐楋細骞煎効鍥湅鍥捐杩版暀鑲叉寕鍥撅細涓彮绗簩杈戯蓟Q锛�.涓婃捣锛氫笂娴锋暀鑲插嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�1983.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="163">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(163) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">156</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>涓婄殑杩炵画鎬с�傦級</p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩杩囩▼锛�</b></p>
+ <p>锛堜竴锛夎皥璇濆鍏ワ紝婵�鍙戝辜鍎垮叴瓒�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鑰佸笀锛氭垜浠殑鎴垮瓙閮芥湁绐楁埛锛屼负浠�涔堣鏈夌獥鎴峰憿锛熷钩鏃舵垜浠槸鎶婁粈涔堣鍦ㄧ獥鎴蜂笂鍛紵
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛堜粠鐢熸椿缁忛獙瀵煎叆锛屽紩瀵煎辜鍎胯仈鎯崇敓娲讳腑鐨勭獥鎴峰拰鐜荤拑锛屽啀涓庢晠浜嬩腑鐨勭獥鎴蜂笌鐜荤拑瀵规瘮锛屼骇鐢熸柊濂囩殑鍗拌薄銆傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>锛堜簩锛夊嚭绀哄浘鐗囷紝寮曞骞煎効浠旂粏瑙傚療骞跺叿浣撹杩板浘鐗囩殑鍐呭</p>
+ <p>
+ 鑰佸笀锛堝嚭绀哄浘鐗囩1骞咃級锛氳繖鏄粈涔堝鑺傦紵浣犳槸浠庡摢閲岀湅鍑烘潵鐨勶紵灏忓厰瀹剁洊浜嗕竴闂存埧瀛愶紝瀹冩槸鐢ㄤ粈涔堢洊鐨勶紵鏈夋病鏈夎绐楁埛锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鑰佸笀锛堝嚭绀哄浘鐗囩2骞咃級锛氫粈涔堝鑺傚埌浜嗭紵澶╂皵鎬庢牱锛熶綘浠庡摢閲岀湅鍑烘潵鐨勶紵杩欐椂锛屽皬鍏斾綇鍦ㄥ眿閲岃寰楁�庢牱锛熶粬鍐风殑鏃跺�欎細鎬庝箞鍋氾紵
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛堣瀵熷浘鐗囷紝鐞嗚В绉嬪ぉ銆佸啲澶╃殑鐗瑰緛锛屾劅鍙楀鑺傚彉鍖栵紝瑙傚療鐞嗚В灏忓厰瀛愮殑韬綋鐘舵�佷笌蹇冪悊鐘跺喌銆傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鑰佸笀锛氫负浠�涔堝皬鍏斾綇鍦ㄥ眿閲岃繕浼氱憻鐟熷彂鎶栵紵鐟熺憻鍙戞姈鏄�庢牱鐨勶紝璋佹潵璇曠潃琛ㄦ紨锛熷皬鍏斿瓙鏈変粈涔堝姙娉曞尽瀵掞紵锛堝紩瀵煎辜鍎跨悊瑙ｈ瘝璇�滅憻鐟熷彂鎶栤�濄�傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>锛堟劅鍙椻�滅憻鐟熷彂鎶栤�濄�傦級</p>
+ <p>
+ 鑰佸笀锛堝嚭绀哄浘鐗囩3骞咃級锛氱獥瀛愯濂戒簡锛岀幇鍦ㄥ皬鍏斾綇鍦ㄥ眿閲屾劅瑙夋�庝箞鏍凤紵浣犱粠鍝噷鐪嬪嚭鏉ョ殑锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鑰佸笀锛堝嚭绀哄浘鐗囩4骞咃級锛氬浘涓婃湁浠�涔堬紵鏄ュぉ鏉ヤ簡锛屽皬鍏斿彂鐜颁簡浠�涔堬紵璋佹潵浜嗭紵瀹冨憡璇夊皬鍏斾粈涔堬紵鎯充竴鎯冲皬鍏旇鐢ㄤ粈涔堣鍦ㄧ獥鎴蜂笂锛熶綘璁や负鐢ㄥ啺鐗囧仛绐楃幓鐠冪殑涓绘剰鎬庝箞鏍凤紵
+ </p>
+ <p>锛堣瀵熷浘鐗囷紝鎯宠薄灏忓厰瀛愬拰鐔婄尗浼集浜よ皥鐨勬儏鑺備笌璋堣瘽鍐呭銆傦級</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛堝紩瀵煎辜鍎胯瀵熸槬澶╃殑鏅薄锛岀敤寮�鏀惧紡闂寮曞骞煎効瀵瑰啺鐗囩獥鎴疯繘琛岃瘎浠凤紝渚夸簬鍩瑰吇骞煎効鎬濈淮鐨勫紑闃旀�э紝鍚屾椂鏈夊埄浜庤杩板唴瀹圭殑灞曞紑銆傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>锛堜笁锛夊辜鍎挎牴鎹浘鐗囩殑鎯呮櫙涓庨『搴忓畬鏁磋杩版晠浜嬶紱鏁欏笀寮曞涓庡府鍔�</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛堜腑鐝辜鍎跨殑璁茶堪鑳藉姏灏氬浜庤捣姝ラ樁娈碉紝鏁欏笀鍦ㄥ唴瀹硅璁′笂渚濇墭鍥剧墖锛屾儏鑺備篃姣旇緝绠�鍗曪紝娲诲姩杩囩▼涓張鐢ㄩ棶棰樼殑鏂瑰紡寮曞骞煎効瑙傚療鍜屾�濊�冿紝涓哄皢鏉ョ殑骞煎効鐙珛璁茶堪娲诲姩濂犲畾浜嗗潥瀹炲熀纭�銆傦級
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">娲诲姩妗堜緥6-3</span></p>
+ <div class="tp">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center"><b>澶х彮瀹炵墿璁茶堪璁捐锛氭垜鐨勬枃鍏风洅</b></p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩鐩爣锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 1.杩愮敤鍚勭鍣ㄥ畼鍏蜂綋鎰熺煡鏂囧叿鐩掞紝瑙傚療鏂囧叿鐩掔殑澶栧舰锛屾妸鎻℃枃鍏风洅鐨勭壒鐐广��
+ </p>
+ <p>2.鑳界敤娴佺晠銆佽繛璐殑璇█鎸夌収涓�瀹氶『搴忎粙缁嶈嚜宸辩殑鏂囧叿鐩掋��</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛堝煿鍏诲辜鍎垮浜嬬墿鐨勬祿鍘氬叴瓒ｏ紝寮曞浠栦滑杩愮敤鍚勭鎰熷畼锛屾寜鐓т竴瀹氱殑瑙勫垯鎰熺煡瑕佽杩扮殑浜嬬墿锛岃兘澶熷叿浣撶悊瑙ｅ唴瀹圭畝鍗曘�佺壒寰侀矞鏄庣殑瀹炵墿锛涜�屼笖鎰挎剰鍦ㄩ泦浣撻潰鍓嶈杩板拰浠嬬粛锛涘悓鏃惰兘瀹夐潤鍦板惉鑰佸笀鎴栧悓浼磋杩帮紝骞剁敤鐩厜娉ㄨ璁茶堪鑰呫�傦級
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="164">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(164) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗叚绔� 骞煎効璁茶堪娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">157</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p><b>娲诲姩鍑嗗锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鍑嗗濂借嚜宸辩殑鏂囧叿鐩掞紝瑙傚療鏂囧叿鐩掞紝浜嗚В鑷繁鐨勬枃鍏风洅鏄摢閲屾潵鐨勩��
+ </p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩杩囩▼锛�</b></p>
+ <p>锛堜竴锛夊鍏ユ椿鍔�</p>
+ <p>
+ 婵�鍙戝辜鍎垮弬涓庢椿鍔ㄧ殑鍏磋叮锛氬皬鏈嬪弸浠紝澶у閮芥湁涓�涓俯鏆栫殑瀹讹紝閾呯瑪銆佹鐨槸涓嶆槸涔熼渶瑕佷竴涓俯鏆栫殑瀹跺憖锛熼偅涔堬紝浠�涔堟槸瀹冧滑鐨勫鍛紵
+ </p>
+ <p>锛堜簩锛夊紩瀵煎辜鍎挎劅鐭ャ�佺悊瑙ｆ枃鍏风洅</p>
+ <p>
+ 1.灏忔湅鍙嬩滑锛屼粩缁嗚瀵熶綘鐨勬枃鍏风洅鏄粈涔堝舰鐘剁殑锛屼粈涔堥鑹诧紝涓婇潰鏈変粈涔堝浘妗堬紝鎯虫兂瀹冩湁浠�涔堢敤閫斻��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛堝辜鍎垮簲璇ュ吇鎴愬厛浠旂粏瑙傚療銆佸悗琛ㄨ揪璁茶堪鐨勪範鎯紝鑰屼笖鑳藉涓诲姩鍦板湪闆嗕綋闈㈠墠璁茶堪锛屽０闊冲搷浜紝鍙ュ紡瀹屾暣锛涘簲璇ヨ兘澶熸寜鐓т竴瀹氱殑椤哄簭璁茶堪瀹炵墿銆傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>2.缁勭粐骞煎効鑷敱鍙傝鈥滄枃鍏峰晢搴椻�濄��</p>
+ <p>锛堝辜鍎垮簲璇ヨ兘澶熸湁閲嶇偣鍦拌杩板疄鐗╋紝绐佸嚭璁茶堪鐨勪腑蹇冨唴瀹广�傦級</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氱湅锛屼竴涓張涓�涓紓浜殑鏂囧叿鐩掞紒杩欎箞澶氭紓浜殑鏂囧叿鐩掔畝鐩存槸涓�涓枃鍏峰晢搴椼�傜幇鍦紝鎴戜滑灏忔湅鍙嬩滑鍒版枃鍏峰晢搴楅�変竴涓嚜宸卞枩娆㈢殑鏂囧叿鐩掋��
+ </p>
+ <p>鏁欏笀缁勭粐骞煎効鈥滈�夎喘鈥濇枃鍏风洅銆傚辜鍎块�夎喘鍚庢嬁鐫�鏂囧叿鐩掑洖鍒板骇浣嶃��</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛堥�氳繃娲诲姩鐨勬柟寮忚骞煎効鈥滈�夎喘鈥濇枃鍏风洅锛岄�夋嫨鐨勮繃绋嬩篃鏄竴涓瀵熷拰娆ｈ祻鐨勮繃绋嬨�傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>锛堜笁锛夎繍鐢ㄥ凡鏈夌粡楠岃杩�</p>
+ <p>1.瑕佹眰鍜屽紩瀵煎辜鍎垮厛涓庤韩鏃佺殑鍚屼即鑷敱浜ゆ祦鑷繁閫夋嫨鐨勬枃鍏风洅銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氬ソ锛屾瘡涓皬鏈嬪弸閮芥壘鍒拌嚜宸卞枩娆㈢殑鏂囧叿鐩掍簡锛岀幇鍦ㄦ垜浠拰鏃佽竟鐨勫ソ鏈嬪弸璇翠竴璇翠綘鎵嬩腑鐨勬枃鍏风洅濂戒笉濂斤紝濂藉湪鍝効銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>2.骞煎効涓埆璁茶堪銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氬摢浣嶅皬鏈嬪弸鎰挎剰鍒板墠闈㈡潵璺熷ぇ瀹惰涓�璇磋嚜宸辨寫閫夌殑鏂囧叿鐩掑晩锛熸敞鎰忥紝灏忔湅鍙嬪湪璇寸殑鏃跺�欙紝鎴戜滑鐨勫皬鍚紬浠璁ょ湡鍚紝灏婇噸浠栦滑鍝紒
+ </p>
+ <p>锛堣嚜鐢变氦娴佷笌闆嗕綋璁茶堪鐩哥粨鍚堬紝鍏堟槗鍚庨毦銆傦級</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛堝辜鍎垮湪闆嗕綋闈㈠墠璁茶堪锛屾�佸害搴旇鑷劧澶ф柟锛岃兘鏍规嵁鍦哄悎鐨勯渶瑕佽皟鑺傝嚜宸辫璇濈殑闊抽噺鍜岃閫燂紱璁茶瘽鏃惰瑷�琛ㄨ揪娴佺晠锛屼笉鍋滈】锛岀敤璇嶇敤鍙ヨ緝涓哄噯纭�傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>锛堝洓锛夊紩鍏ユ柊缁忛獙</p>
+ <p>
+ 1.浠庡疄鐗╂姇褰变华閲岃瀵熻�佸笀閫夋嫨鐨勬枃鍏风洅锛屽涔犺�佸笀璁茶堪鏂囧叿鐩掔殑鍙ュ紡銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氭垜鐨勬枃鍏风洅鐨勫舰鐘舵槸脳脳锛涢鑹叉槸脳脳锛涗笂闈㈢殑鍥炬鏈壝椕楋紝鏈壝椕楋紝杩樻湁脳脳锛涙墦寮�閲岄潰锛屾斁鐫�鈥︹�︽垜寰堝枩娆㈡垜鐨勬枃鍏风洅銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛堣�佸笀绀鸿寖璁茶堪锛屽涔犳柊鍙ュ紡锛屾槸鍦ㄥ紩鍏ユ柊鐨勮杩扮粡楠屻�傦級</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氭垜鍏堣鐨勪粈涔堬紵鐒跺悗璇翠簡浠�涔堬紵鏈�鍚庤浜嗕粈涔堬紵锛堟牴鎹辜鍎跨殑鍥炵瓟锛屾暀甯堝嚭绀虹浉搴旂殑鍥剧ず甯辜鍎胯幏寰楁柊鐨勮杩扮粡楠屻�傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>2.骞煎効鑷敱缁冧範鎸夊簭璁茶堪銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氱幇鍦ㄦ垜浠啀鏉ユ寜鐫�椤哄簭璇翠竴璇翠綘鐨勬枃鍏风洅锛岃浣忚鍏堣褰㈢姸銆侀鑹诧紝鍐�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="165">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(165) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">158</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>璇村浘妗堬紝鏈�鍚庤鍔熻兘锛屽埆蹇樹簡浠嬬粛瀹屼互鍚庤涓�璇磋嚜宸卞瀹冪殑鍠滅埍銆�</p>
+ <p>锛堣姹傚辜鍎跨粌涔犲珐鍥猴紝骞惰縼绉昏杩扮粡楠岋紝杩欎釜鐜妭鏄繀闇�鐨勩�傦級</p>
+ <p>锛堜簲锛夎縼绉绘柊缁忛獙</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氳�佸笀鍑嗗浜嗕竴浜涙枃鍏凤紝鏈夐搮绗斻�佹鐨�佽浆绗斿垁鍜屽昂瀛愩�傝浣犱滑姣忎汉鏉ラ�変竴鏍锋枃鍏风粰瀹汉鑰佸笀浠嬬粛涓�涓嬶紝璁颁綇瑕佹寜鍒氭墠鐨勯『搴忚銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛堝叚锛夋椿鍔ㄥ皬缁�</p>
+ <p>
+ 浠婂ぉ锛屽皬鏈嬪弸鎶婃枃鍏风洅浠嬬粛寰楀緢娓呮锛岃瀹汉鑰佸笀鐭ラ亾浜嗗簲璇ュ浣曚娇鐢ㄣ�傚彲鏄皬鐝�佷腑鐝殑寮熷紵濡瑰浠繕涓嶇煡閬擄紝鎴戜滑鍘荤粰浠栦滑璇翠竴璇村惂銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛堣繖鏃㈡槸涓�涓綔涓氱幆鑺傦紝鏇存槸涓�涓悜鐢熸椿寤朵几鐨勭幆鑺傦紝瀵逛簬宸╁浐璁茶堪鎶�鑳藉緢鏈夌敤銆傦級
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">娲诲姩妗堜緥6-4</span></p>
+ <div class="tp">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <b
+ >璁茶堪娲诲姩锛氬菇榛樼敾銆婄埗涓庡瓙銆嬫璧忥紙澶х彮锛�<a id="w7"></a
+ ><a href="chapter006.html#m7"><sup>[7]</sup></a></b
+ >
+ </p>
+ <p><b>瀛︽儏鍒嗘瀽锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 杩涘叆澶х彮浠ュ悗锛屽瀛愪滑鐗瑰埆鍠滄鐪嬫极鐢汇�備竴鏈夌┖闂叉椂闂达紝浠栦滑灏辫揩涓嶅強寰呭湴鎷垮嚭婕敾涔︽潵鐪嬶紝杩樺父甯告儏涓嶈嚜绂佸湴绗戝嚭澹版潵銆傛极鐢讳互瀹冪嫭鐗圭殑鑹烘湳褰㈠紡鎰熸煋鐫�瀛╁瓙浠紝瀹冨じ寮犵殑鎵嬫硶銆佸ぇ鑳嗙殑鎯宠薄銆佸菇榛樼殑鎯呰妭銆佺畝娲佺殑鍥炬枃銆佸嚭涔庢剰鏂欑殑缁撳眬锛屾绗﹀悎瀛╁瓙浠槄璇诲拰娆ｈ祻鐨勮姹傘�傚洜姝わ紝鎴戦�夋嫨浜嗘极鐢绘璧忚繖涓�鏂扮殑鏁欒偛鍐呭锛屽皢缇庢湳娆ｈ祻涓庤瑷�璁茶堪娲诲姩鏈夋満鍦版暣鍚堣捣鏉ワ紝寮曞骞煎効浠庤壓鏈殑瑙掑害鍘绘璧忔极鐢伙紝浠庨槄璇荤殑瑙掑害鍘昏鎳傛极鐢伙紝浠庤瑷�鐨勮搴﹁杩版极鐢伙紝淇冭繘骞煎効鍒涢�犳�у湴璁よ瘑銆佹兂璞″拰琛ㄨ揪銆�
+ </p>
+ <p class="center openImgBox">
+ <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../../images/0178-1.jpg" />
+ </p>
+ <p class="img">
+ 鍥�6-6 銆婄埗涓庡瓙銆�<a id="w8"></a
+ ><a href="chapter006.html#m8"><sup>[8]</sup></a>
+ </p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩鐩爣锛�</b></p>
+ <p>1.婵�鍙戝辜鍎垮骞介粯鐢荤殑鍏磋叮锛屽皾璇曞涔犵悊瑙ｅ菇榛樼敾鐨勫惈涔夈��</p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m7"></a><a href="chapter006.html#w7">[7]</a>
+ 鏁欒偛閮ㄦ暀鑲茬鐞嗕俊鎭腑蹇冪粍.鍏ㄥ浗浼樼骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩妗堜緥璇勬瀽[M].閲嶅簡锛氳タ鍗楀笀鑼冨ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2011锛�177-179.鎺堣鏁欏笀鏂规晱濞滐紝鏈夊垹鏀�.
+ </p>
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m8"></a><a href="chapter006.html#w8">[8]</a>
+ 鍗滃姵鎭�.鐖朵笌瀛愬叏闆哰M].娲僵濂囷紝鐫�鑹�.鍗椾含锛氳瘧鏋楀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2007锛�2.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="166">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(166) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗叚绔� 骞煎効璁茶堪娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">159</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>2.鎰熷彈骞介粯鐢讳腑鎵�钑村惈鐨勮叮鍛筹紝澶ц儐琛ㄨ揪鑷繁瀵圭敾闈㈢殑鐞嗚В銆�</p>
+ <p>3.鍩瑰吇骞煎効涓庡悓浼寸浉浜掑晢璁ㄣ�佺浉浜掍氦娴佺殑鑳藉姏銆�</p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩鍑嗗锛�</b></p>
+ <p>1.澶氬獟浣撹浠讹細鐖躲�佸瓙鍗曚釜褰㈣薄鐨勪袱缁勫ぇ骞呭浘鐗囥��</p>
+ <p>2.鍥涚粍灏忓箙鍥剧墖锛堝辜鍎挎瘡浜轰竴浠斤級锛屾姇褰变华銆�</p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩杩囩▼锛�</b></p>
+ <p>锛堜竴锛夊紩鍑鸿杩扮殑鍐呭锛屽紩瀵煎辜鍎胯璇嗕功涓殑鐖朵笌瀛�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氫粖澶╁挶浠璁茬殑鏄埗涓庡瓙鐨勬晠浜嬨�傝皝鐭ラ亾浠�涔堟槸鈥滅埗涓庡瓙鈥濆憿锛熲�滅埗涓庡瓙鈥濊鐨勬槸鍝袱涓汉锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>鎾斁绗竴娈佃浠讹紝璁よ瘑瑙掕壊褰㈣薄銆�</p>
+ <p>鏁欏笀锛堢偣鍑荤埜鐖稿舰璞″浘锛夛細杩欎綅鐖哥埜闀垮緱鎬庝箞鏍凤紵</p>
+ <p>鏁欏笀锛氭兂鐪嬬湅浠栫殑瀹濊礉鍎垮瓙鍚楋紵锛堢偣鍑诲効瀛愬舰璞″浘锛�</p>
+ <p>鏁欏笀锛氱埜鐖稿拰鍎垮瓙鐨勬晠浜嬪氨瑕佸紑濮嬩簡銆�</p>
+ <p>锛堜簩锛夋挱鏀剧浜屾璇句欢鈥滄晳鐏�濓紝璇峰辜鍎胯瀵熻杩�</p>
+ <p>绗竴骞咃細</p>
+ <p>鏁欏笀锛氬効瀛愬洖瀹剁湅鍒颁簡浠�涔堬紵</p>
+ <p>鏁欏笀锛氬眿瀛愰噷鎬庝箞浼氭湁鐑燂紵锛堣鎯冲悇绉嶅彲鑳斤級</p>
+ <p>绗簩骞咃細</p>
+ <p>鏁欏笀锛氬効瀛愭槸鎬庝箞鍋氱殑锛�</p>
+ <p>鏁欏笀锛氫粬鏈夊彲鑳藉幓骞蹭粈涔堬紵</p>
+ <p>绗笁骞咃細</p>
+ <p>鏁欏笀锛氫綘浠槸鎬庝箞鎯崇殑锛熺湅鐪嬭繖涓効瀛愬埌搴曟槸鎬庝箞鍋氱殑锛�</p>
+ <p>鏁欏笀锛氬挦锛屼竴鐩嗘按娴囪繃鍘讳細鏄粈涔堢粨鏋滐紵</p>
+ <p>绗洓骞咃細</p>
+ <p>鏁欏笀锛氱埜鐖告�庝箞浼氳繖鍓ā鏍峰憖锛�</p>
+ <p>鏁欏笀锛氬垰鎵嶇殑鐑熸槸鎬庝箞鍥炰簨锛�</p>
+ <p>
+ 杩欎釜鏁呬簨鏈夎叮鍚楋紵瀹冭繕鏈変釜鍚嶅瓧鍙�婃晳鐏�嬨�備綘璁や负鐪熺殑鏄晳鐏悧锛熷師鏉ヨ繖鏄彂鐢熷湪鐖跺瓙韬笂鐨勪竴浠堕潪甯告湁瓒ｇ殑浜嬫儏銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛堜笁锛夋挱鏀剧涓夋璇句欢鈥滄湁瓒ｇ殑涔︹��</p>
+ <p>锛�1锛夋挱鏀剧涓�骞呫�佺涓夊箙鍥剧墖銆�</p>
+ <p>鏁欏笀锛氳繖鍙戠敓鍦ㄤ粈涔堟椂鍊欙紵</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氳繖涓ゅ箙鐢讳腑閮芥湁涓�涓�滐紵鈥濓紝鏄�庝箞鍥炰簨锛熻繖涓ゅ箙鐢讳竴浼氬効灏戜簡鐖哥埜锛屼竴浼氬効鍙堝皯浜嗗効瀛愶紝鐪熷ソ绗戙��
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�2锛夋挱鏀剧浜屽箙銆佺鍥涘箙鍥剧墖銆�</p>
+ <p>鏁欏笀锛氳繖涓ゅ箙鐢绘湁浠�涔堜竴鏍风殑鍦版柟鍜屼笉涓�鏍风殑鍦版柟锛�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氳繖涓ゅ箙鐢讳竴浼氬効鏄効瀛愯洞鍦ㄥ湴涓婄湅涔︼紝涓�浼氬効鍙堟槸鐖哥埜瓒村湪鍦颁笂鐪嬩功锛岀湡鏈夎叮銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="167">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(167) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">160</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 锛�3锛夎皝鑳藉皢鍥涘箙鐢昏繛鍦ㄤ竴璧凤紝鐢ㄧ畝鍗曠殑璇濈紪涓�涓湁瓒ｇ殑鏁呬簨锛燂紙璇峰辜鍎胯杩帮級
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�4锛夎繖鍒板簳鏄�庢牱鐨勪竴鏈功鍛�锛熻繖鏈功璁╁効瀛愮湅寰楀繕浜嗗悆楗紝鐖哥埜鐪嬪緱涔熷繕浜嗗悆楗��
+ </p>
+ <p>锛堝洓锛夋暀甯堝仛绠�鍗曞皬缁�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鎴戜滑鍒氭墠鐪嬬殑涓ょ粍鍥剧墖锛岀敾闈㈤兘鏄潪甯哥畝鍗曠殑銆備絾鏄湅鎳備簡瀹冪殑鎰忔�濅箣鍚庯紝鎴戜滑鍙堟劅鍒板緢婊戠ń锛屽緢濂界瑧銆傚儚杩欐牱鐨勪竴缁勭粍鍥剧墖灏卞彨骞介粯婕敾銆傘�婄埗涓庡瓙銆嬬殑骞介粯婕敾鏄痉鍥界敾瀹跺崪鍔虫仼鍒涗綔鐨勩�備粬杩樼敾浜嗚璁稿澶氱殑鍏充簬鐖跺瓙涔嬮棿鐨勫菇榛樹簨鎯呯殑鍥剧墖锛屽湪涓栫晫涓婇兘寰堟湁鍚嶃��
+ </p>
+ <p>锛堜簲锛夊垎缁勬璧忓菇榛樻极鐢汇�婄埗涓庡瓙銆�</p>
+ <p>锛�1锛夊辜鍎垮垎缁勬璧忓悇鑷殑骞介粯鐢伙紝鍙浉浜掕璁猴紝鏁欏笀宸¤鎸囧銆�</p>
+ <p>锛�2锛夊埄鐢ㄦ姇褰变华锛岃灏忕粍浠ｈ〃璇磋鐢讳腑鏈夎叮鐨勬晠浜嬨��</p>
+ <p>锛堝叚锛夊欢浼告椿鍔�</p>
+ <p>骞煎効灏濊瘯鐢ㄦ极鐢荤殑鎵嬫硶鍒涗綔鏁呬簨銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氫粖澶╋紝灏忔湅鍙嬩滑鐪嬩簡杩欎箞澶氭湁瓒ｇ殑婕敾锛屽ぇ瀹堕珮鍏村悧锛熸垜浠篃鏉ュ仛涓皬鐢诲锛岀紪涓湁瓒ｇ殑鏁呬簨鐢讳笅鏉ワ紝濂藉悧锛�
+ </p>
+ <p><b>鏁欏笀鑷瘎锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 鏈娲诲姩鏉ユ簮浜庡辜鍎跨敓娲伙紝灏嗗辜鍎挎劅鍏磋叮鐨勬极鐢绘惉涓婅鍙般�傛暀甯堢粡杩囩簿蹇冮�夋潗锛屼粠鏄撳埌闅撅紝璁╁辜鍎垮厖鍒嗘劅鍙楀埌婕敾鐨勭壒鐐瑰強鍏惰暣鍚殑瓒ｅ懗锛屼粠鑰屽紩瀵煎辜鍎垮浼氭璧忔极鐢伙紝骞朵細鐢ㄨ瑷�璁茶堪婕敾涓殑鏁呬簨銆�
+ </p>
+ <p><b>涓撳璇勬瀽锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 鏈椿鍔ㄩ�夋潗鐙壒锛岀鍚堝ぇ鐝辜鍎跨殑骞撮緞鐗圭偣銆傛椿鍔ㄧ幆鑺傛竻鏅帮紝姝ユ娣卞叆锛屾暀甯堝紩瀵煎埌浣嶏紝甯堝辜鏈夊緢濂界殑浜掑姩銆傛暀甯堢敤绠�鍗曘�佸菇榛樼殑婕敾浣滀负璇█璇炬潗鏂欙紝鑳藉寰堝鏄撳湴璁╁辜鍎夸骇鐢熷叴瓒ｏ紝婵�鍙戝瀛愯璇濈殑娆叉湜锛屽垱璁句竴涓兘浣夸粬浠兂璇淬�佹暍璇淬�佸枩娆㈣銆佹湁鏈轰細璇寸殑鐜銆傛暀甯堝湪鈥滆浠�涔堬紝鎬庝箞璇粹�濈殑鏂归潰鍋氫簡寰堝ソ鐨勫紩瀵硷紝鍦ㄦ椿鍔ㄨ繃绋嬩腑杩樻笚閫忎簡浜烘枃鍘嗗彶鐭ヨ瘑锛堜粙缁嶆极鐢讳綔鑰咃級锛屾渶鍚庡洜鍔垮埄瀵硷紝璁╁瀛愬垱浣滄极鐢讳綔鍝侊紝澶氶�斿緞鍦板彂灞曚簡骞煎効鐨勬�濈淮鑳藉姏鍜岃瑷�鑳藉姏銆�
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk2">
+ <p class="center"><b>鏈珷灏忕粨</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効璁茶堪娲诲姩鏄辜鍎垮洯璇█鏁欒偛鐨勫熀鏈舰寮忎箣涓�銆傝杩版椿鍔ㄥ線寰�鏈変竴瀹氱殑鑳屾櫙鎴栧嚟鍊熺墿锛屽彲浠ヨ繍鐢ㄥ绉嶈〃杈炬墜娈碉紝浣嗕富瑕佹槸浠ョ嫭鐧借〃杈句釜浜烘劅鍙楁垨瑙佽В銆傛墍浠ワ紝鍦ㄥ辜鍎跨殑璁茶堪娲诲姩涓紝鏁欏笀寰�寰�闇�瑕佷负骞煎効钀ラ�犱竴涓浉瀵规寮忕殑璇銆傝杩版椿鍔ㄦ牴鎹杩板唴瀹圭殑涓嶅悓鍒嗙被锛屽彲浠ュ垎涓哄彊浜嬫�ц杩般�佹弿杩版�ц杩般�佽鏄庢�ц杩般�佽璁烘�ц杩帮紱渚濇嵁鍑�熺墿鐨勭壒鐐瑰垎绫伙紝鍙互鍒嗕负鐪嬪浘璁茶堪銆佸疄鐗╄杩板拰鎯呮櫙璁茶堪銆傝杩版椿鍔ㄧ殑璁捐涓庡疄鏂界殑鍩烘湰缁撴瀯涓猴細鎰熺煡銆佺悊瑙ｈ杩板璞★紱鍞ら啋銆佹縺鍙戝凡鏈夌粡楠岋紱寮曡繘鏂扮殑璁茶堪缁忛獙锛涘珐鍥恒�佽縼绉昏杩扮粡楠屻��
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="168">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(168) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗叚绔� 骞煎効璁茶堪娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">161</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p><span class="zt-1">鍏抽敭鏈</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-8">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-3" alt="" src="../../images/tb-9.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">璁茶堪娲诲姩</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">鍙欎簨鎬ц杩�</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">鎻忚堪鎬ц杩�</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">璇存槑鎬ц杩�</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">璁鎬ц杩�</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">鐪嬪浘璁茶堪</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">瀹炵墿璁茶堪</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">鎯呮櫙璁茶堪</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+
+ <p>
+ <span class="zt-2">鎬�</span><span class="zt-3">鑰�</span
+ ><span class="zt-2">棰�</span>
+ </p>
+ <div class="tp-9">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-6" alt="" src="../../images/tb-10.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p>1.骞煎効鍥紑灞曞辜鍎胯杩版椿鍔ㄧ殑鎰忎箟浣曞湪锛�</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p>2.浣犲浣曠悊瑙ｅ辜鍎胯杩版椿鍔ㄧ殑鍒嗙被鏍囧噯鍙婂叾鍒嗙被锛�</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 3.鍦ㄥ辜鍎垮洯璁茶堪娲诲姩鐨勮璁′笌瀹炴柦涓紝鏁欏笀瀵瑰辜鍎跨殑鍏虫敞鐐逛富瑕佹槸浠�涔堬紵涓轰粈涔堣鍏虫敞杩欎簺瑕佺偣锛�
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj4">瀹炶缁冧範</span></p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効璁茶堪娲诲姩鐨勮璁″拰缁勭粐鏄辜鍎挎暀甯堢殑蹇呰鎶�鑳姐�傞�氳繃鏈珷鐨勫涔狅紝浣犳湁浜嗕粈涔堝績寰楋紵璇曠潃鏍规嵁鑷繁瀵瑰ぇ鐝辜鍎胯瑷�鍙戝睍鐩爣鍜屾湁鏁堟椿鍔ㄦ柟寮忕殑鐞嗚В锛岃璁′竴娆♀�滅埍鎶ょ幆澧冣�濈殑璁茶堪娲诲姩銆�
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="left1">
+ <span class="zt-3">鎷�</span><span class="zt-2">灞�</span
+ ><span class="zt-3">闃�</span><span class="zt-2">璇�</span>
+ </p>
+ <div class="tp-10">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-6" alt="" src="../../images/tb-11.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p>闄堝.骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵硷蓟M锛�.鍗椾含锛氭睙鑻忔暀鑲插嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2013.</p>
+ <p class="block">
+ 璇ヤ功浣滆�呬负涓�绾夸紭绉�骞煎効鏁欏笀銆傝繖鏈暀鏉愪互骞煎効鏁欏笀鐨勭嫭鐗硅瑙掕繘琛屽啓浣滐紝缁撳悎鑷韩涓板瘜鐨勫疄璺电粡楠岋紝鎶婂娣卞埢鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐞嗚В铻嶅叆绗旂锛岃鐐规槑鏅帮紝鐜板疄鎬у己锛屽骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩璁捐涓庢寚瀵煎叿鏈夊緢寮虹殑鍊熼壌鎰忎箟銆�
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="zt-ls">銆愭嫇灞曡棰戞渚嬨��</span></p>
+ <div class="videoBox">
+ <div class="videoItem">
+ <video
+ :src="videoUrl.v60"
+ webkit-playsinline="true"
+ x-webkit-airplay="true"
+ playsinline="true"
+ x5-video-orientation="h5"
+ x5-video-player-fullscreen="true"
+ x5-playsinline=""
+ controls
+ class="video-border w100"
+ ></video>
+ <div class="vname">{{ videoMd5.v60.name }}</div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="videoItem">
+ <video
+ :src="videoUrl.v61"
+ webkit-playsinline="true"
+ x-webkit-airplay="true"
+ playsinline="true"
+ x5-video-orientation="h5"
+ x5-video-player-fullscreen="true"
+ x5-playsinline=""
+ controls
+ class="video-border w100"
+ ></video>
+ <div class="vname">{{ videoMd5.v61.name }}</div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+</template>
+
+<script>
+import { getResourcePath } from "@/assets/methods/resources";
+export default {
+ name: "chapter004",
+ props: {
+ showPageList: {
+ type: Array,
+ },
+ resourceList: {
+ type: Object,
+ },
+ },
+ data() {
+ return {
+ chapter004: {},
+ videoUrl: {},
+ videoMd5: {
+ v60: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[31],
+ name: "澶х彮璇█娲诲姩锛氭晳灏忓厰",
+ },
+ v61: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[32],
+ name: "灏忕彮璇█娲诲姩锛氬",
+ },
+ },
+ showAnswer3: false,
+ showAnswer2: false,
+ showAnswer1: false,
+ };
+ },
+ methods: {
+ async getVideo(md5, val) {
+ const data = await getResourcePath(md5);
+ this.videoUrl[val] = data;
+ },
+ setBookQuestion() {
+ this.$emit("setBookQuestion", this.chapter004);
+ },
+ },
+ mounted() {
+ for (let key in this.videoMd5) {
+ this.getVideo(this.videoMd5[key].md5, key);
+ }
+ console.log(this.videoUrl);
+ },
+};
+</script>
diff --git a/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter007.vue b/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter007.vue
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f8f018c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter007.vue
@@ -0,0 +1,1597 @@
+<template>
+ <div class="chapter" num="8">
+ <div class="page-box" page="169">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(169) > -1">
+ <div class="bodystyle" style="padding-top: 508px">
+ <h1 id="a013">
+ <img class="img-0 coverImg" alt="" src="../../images/z7.jpg" />
+ </h1>
+ <h6>瀛︿範鐩爣鈻�</h6>
+ <p>1.浜嗚В鏃╂湡闃呰娲诲姩鐨勬蹇点�佺洰鏍囥��</p>
+ <p>2.棰嗕細鏃╂湡闃呰涓庡辜鍎垮彂灞曠殑鍏崇郴銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 3.鎺屾彙浼樼鍥剧敾涔︾殑鍩烘湰鏍囧噯锛岃兘澶熼�氳繃寮�灞曢�傞緞鐨勬棭鏈熼槄璇绘椿鍔ㄤ績杩涘辜鍎胯瑷�鍙戝睍銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4.鎺屾彙鍚勭闃呰娲诲姩锛屽挨鍏舵槸鍥剧敾涔﹂槄璇绘椿鍔ㄧ殑璁捐涓庡疄鏂界殑鍩烘湰杩囩▼锛屽苟灏濊瘯寮�灞曘��
+ </p>
+ <h6>瀛︿範瀵煎浘鈻�</h6>
+ <p class="center openImgBox">
+ <img
+ class="img-b"
+ style="width: 100%"
+ alt=""
+ src="../../images/0182-1.jpg"
+ />
+ </p>
+ <h6>瀵煎叆妗堜緥鈻�</h6>
+ <p>
+ 鎴戜滑缁忓父浼氱湅鍒帮細鍑犱釜鏈堝ぇ鐨勫皬瀛╁瓙鍦ㄦ姄鐫�涓�鏈功鎾曞挰锛涙湁鐨勪竴浜屽瞾鐨勫皬瀛╃敋鑷冲�掓嬁鐫�涔︽湰蹇靛康鏈夎瘝锛涗笁鍥涘瞾灏忓璧板埌琛椾笂浼氳锛氣�滃濡堬紝閭ｆ槸澶э紝鎴戣寰椼�傗�濊繖閮芥槸涓�绉嶉槄璇伙紝骞煎効姝ｆ槸浠庤繖绉嶇湅浼肩洸鐩殢鎰忕殑鎺㈢储琛屼负涓紑濮嬩簡浠栦滑鐨勯槄璇讳箣鏃呯殑锛岀敱姝よ繘鍏ュ辜鍎胯瑷�鍙戝睍鐨勯噸瑕侀樁娈点��
+ </p>
+ <p><br /></p>
+ <p>
+ 銆婂辜鍎垮洯鏁欒偛鎸囧绾茶锛堣瘯琛岋級銆嬫槑纭寚鍑猴紝鍩瑰吇骞煎効瀵圭敓娲讳腑甯歌鐨勭畝鍗曟爣璁板拰
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="170">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(170) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗竷绔� 骞煎効鏃╄捣闃呰娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">163</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鏂囧瓧绗﹀彿鐨勫叴瓒ｏ紱鍒╃敤鍥句功銆佺粯鐢诲拰鍏朵粬澶氱鏂瑰紡锛屽紩鍙戝辜鍎垮涔︾睄銆侀槄璇诲拰涔﹀啓鐨勫叴瓒ｏ紝鍩瑰吇鍓嶉槄璇诲拰鍓嶄功鍐欐妧鑳姐�備綔涓哄辜鍎挎暀甯堬紝璇ュ浣曞紩瀵兼墠鑳藉煿鍏诲辜鍎挎垚闀夸负涓�涓嚜涓婚槄璇昏�呭憿锛熻鎴戜滑杩涘叆骞煎効鏃╂湡闃呰娲诲姩鐨勫涔犳帰璁ㄥ惂銆�
+ </p>
+ <h2 id="b017">绗竴鑺傘��鏃╂湡闃呰娲诲姩姒傝堪</h2>
+ <p>
+ 鍥介檯瀛﹀墠鏁欒偛鐣屼竴鐩村崄鍒嗛噸瑙嗘棭鏈熼槄璇婚鍩熺殑鐮旂┒涓庡簲鐢紝鐮旂┒鑰呭彂鐜帮紝3锝�8宀佹槸浜虹殑闃呰鑳藉姏鍙戝睍鐨勫叧閿湡銆傞槄璇绘槸鏁欒偛鐨勬牳蹇冿紝涔熸槸瀛︿範鐨勫熀纭�銆傚湪鎴戝浗锛岃嚜杩涘叆21涓栫邯浠ユ潵锛岀壒鍒槸銆婄翰瑕併�嬩腑棣栨鎻愬嚭鏃╂湡闃呰鏁欒偛鐨勮蹇靛悗锛屾棭鏈熼槄璇诲彈鍒板浗鍐呭辜鏁欑晫鐨勫箍娉涢噸瑙嗐��
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c042">涓�銆佸熀鏈蹇电殑鐞嗚В</h3>
+ <h4 id="d107">锛堜竴锛夐槄璇�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鍏充簬闃呰锛屽彜浠婁腑澶栨湁璁稿涓嶅悓瑙ｉ噴銆傛垜鍥戒紶缁熼槄璇诲惎钂欐暀瀛︽敞閲嶉泦涓瘑瀛椾笌璇楁枃闃呰锛屽皢璇嗗瓧鏁欒偛銆佸垵姝ョ殑鐭ヨ瘑涓庨亾寰锋暀鑲茬粨鍚堣捣鏉ャ�傝繎鐜颁唬鐮旂┒璁や负锛岄槄璇绘槸浜虹被閲嶈鐨勬椿鍔紝鏄汉浠幏鍙栫煡璇嗐�佺粡楠屻�佹�濇兂鐨勫熀鏈�斿緞銆傜編鍥藉浗瀹剁爺绌堕櫌鏃╂湡闃呰濮斿憳浼氳涓猴紝闃呰鏄互鐞嗚В涓虹洰鐨勶紝杩愮敤涔﹂潰鎷奸煶鐭ヨ瘑鍜屽彛璇闊崇煡璇嗭紝浠庡嵃鍒锋枃瀛椾腑鑾峰彇鎰忎箟鐨勮繃绋嬨�傞槄璇诲睘浜庝竴涓珮绾с�佸鏉傜殑蹇冪悊杩囩▼銆�<a
+ id="w1"
+ ></a
+ ><a href="chapter007.html#m1"><sup>[1]</sup></a>
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d108">锛堜簩锛夋棭鏈熼槄璇�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鎴戝浗瀛﹁�呭紶鏄庣孩璁や负锛屾棭鏈熼槄璇绘槸鎸�0锝�6宀佺殑瀛﹀墠骞煎効鍑�熷彉鍖栫潃鐨勮壊褰┿�佸浘鍍忋�佹枃瀛楀拰鎴愪汉褰㈣薄鍦拌璇伙紝鏉ョ悊瑙ｄ互鍥句负涓荤殑浣庡辜骞煎効璇荤墿鍐呭鐨勬椿鍔ㄨ繃绋嬶紝瀹冩槸涓�涓瀺瑙傚療銆佽蹇嗐�佹�濈淮銆佽〃杈剧瓑澶氱璁ょ煡浜庝竴浣撶殑缁煎悎杩囩▼銆�<a
+ id="w2"
+ ></a
+ ><a href="chapter007.html#m2"><sup>[2]</sup></a>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏃╂湡闃呰鐨勬渶涓昏鐩爣鏄縺鍙戝辜鍎块槄璇荤殑鍏磋叮锛屽府鍔╁辜鍎胯璇嗚瑷�绗﹀彿鍜屽浘鐢荤鍙风殑瀵瑰簲杞崲鍏崇郴锛屾帉鎻℃棭鏈熼槄璇荤殑鏂规硶锛屽煿鍏诲辜鍎垮皢鏃╂湡闃呰缁忛獙杩佺Щ鍒板叾浠栨椿鍔ㄤ腑鍘荤殑鑳藉姏锛屽吇鎴愯壇濂介槄璇讳範鎯紝鎻愰珮骞煎効瑙傚療銆佹兂璞″拰璇█鎬濈淮绛夌患鍚堣兘鍔涖��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏃╂湡闃呰鑳藉姏鏃㈠寘鍚墠鍥句功闃呰鑳藉姏鍙堝寘鍚墠璇嗗瓧鑳藉姏锛屼絾缁濅笉鑳藉皢鈥滄棭鏈熼槄璇烩�濈瓑鍚屼簬鈥滄棭鏈熻瘑瀛椻�濓紝瀵逛簬骞煎効鏉ヨ閲嶈鐨勬槸锛岄�氳繃鏃╂湡闃呰鍩瑰吇鍏惰嚜涓婚槄璇荤殑鎰忚瘑鍜屾妧鑳姐�傛棭鏈熼槄璇荤殑鎰忎箟鍦ㄤ簬鈥滈槄璇昏繃绋嬧�濓紝鏃╂湡闃呰鏄垚浜哄�熷姪鍥句功鍜屽辜鍎夸氦寰�浜ゆ祦鐨勮繃绋嬶紝鍦ㄨ繖涓繃绋嬩腑锛屽┐骞煎効涓嶄粎鍙互涓板瘜鍜屾墿灞曞澶栭儴涓栫晫涓庤嚜鎴戠殑璁よ瘑锛岃�屼笖鍙互涓板瘜璇嶆眹锛屾彁楂樿瑷�鐞嗚В鑳藉姏锛屽苟淇冭繘鎯呯华銆佺ぞ浼氭�х殑鍙戝睍銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d109">锛堜笁锛夋棭鏈熼槄璇绘椿鍔�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鈥滄棭鏈熼槄璇绘椿鍔ㄢ�濈殑姒傚康锛岀洰鍓嶅皻鏃犵粺涓�鐨勫噯纭晫瀹氾紝浣嗗熀鏈叡璇嗘槸锛屾棭鏈熼槄璇�
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m1"></a><a href="chapter007.html#w1">[1]</a>
+ 鍑憻鐞陈锋柉璇猴紝绛�.棰勯槻闃呰鍥伴毦锛氭棭鏈熼槄璇绘暀鑲茬瓥鐣M].鑳＄編鍗庯紝绛夛紝璇�.鍗椾含锛氬崡浜笀鑼冨ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2006锛氬簭瑷�.
+ </p>
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m2"></a><a href="chapter007.html#w2">[2]</a>
+ 寮犳槑绾�.鍏充簬鏃╂湡闃呰鐨勫嚑鐐规�濈储[J].瀛﹀墠鏁欒偛鐮旂┒锛�2000锛�04锛�.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="171">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(171) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">164</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 娲诲姩棣栧厛鏄綔涓轰竴绉嶇壒娈婄殑浜ら檯鏂瑰紡锛屽叿鏈夌ぞ浼氭�с�傚辜鍎块槄璇讳綔涓轰竴绉嶄富浣撴椿鍔紝鍏锋湁瀹炶返鎬с�傚辜鍎块槄璇讳綔涓轰竴绉嶄釜浣撹涓烘椿鍔紝鏄釜浣撳寲鐨勫績鏅烘椿鍔ㄨ繃绋嬨��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鏃╂湡闃呰鏁欒偛鏄寚浠ュ辜鍎胯嚜韬粡楠屼负鍩虹锛屽湪閫傚綋鎯呮櫙涓紝閫氳繃骞煎効瀵规枃瀛椼�佺鍙枫�佹爣璁般�佸浘鐗囥�佸奖鍍忕瓑鏉愭枡鐨勮璇汇�佺悊瑙ｅ拰杩愮敤锛屽骞煎効韬績鏂藉姞鐨勪竴绉嶆湁鐩殑銆佹湁缁勭粐銆佹湁璁″垝鐨勫奖鍝嶆椿鍔ㄣ�傚畠涓嶆槸鍗曠函鐨勭湅涔︺�佽瘑瀛楁椿鍔紝鑰屾槸涓�绉嶅叿鏈夌粨鏋勭浉瀵瑰畬鏁淬�佷綋绯荤浉瀵圭嫭绔嬶紝鑳戒績杩涘辜鍎垮叏闈㈠拰璋愬彂灞曠殑娲诲姩銆�<a
+ id="w3"
+ ></a
+ ><a href="chapter007.html#m3"><sup>[3]</sup></a>
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c043">浜屻�佹棭鏈熼槄璇昏兘鍔涚殑鍙戝睍瑙勫緥涓庣粡楠岀Н绱�</h3>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄥ辜鍎挎棭鏈熼槄璇昏兘鍔涚殑鍙戝睍涓紝鏈�閲嶈鐨勪袱涓柟闈㈡槸鍓嶅浘涔﹂槄璇昏兘鍔涗笌鍓嶈瘑瀛楄兘鍔涚殑鍙戝睍銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d110">锛堜竴锛夋棭鏈熼槄璇昏兘鍔涚殑鍙戝睍瑙勫緥</h4>
+ <h5 id="e123">1.鍓嶅浘涔﹂槄璇昏兘鍔涘彂灞曡寰�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鍥句功鏄辜鍎块槄璇诲彂灞曠殑涓昏濯掍粙锛岄槄璇昏兘鍔涘己鐨勫辜鍎块�氬父鏉ヨ嚜璇█涓板瘜鐨勭幆澧冿紝鏃╂湡鐨勫浘涔﹂槄璇昏兘澶熷甫棰嗕粬浠秴瓒婂叾鍘熸湁鐨勮瑷�褰㈡�併�傛潹鎬″┓鍦ㄣ�婂効绔ラ棶棰樿涓轰箣鐮旂┒銆嬩腑瀵规眽璇辜鍎垮浘鐢讳功闃呰琛屼负鍙戝睍杩涜浜嗙爺绌躲�傚ス灏嗘眽璇辜鍎垮浘涔﹂槄璇昏涓哄彂灞曞垎鎴愪互涓嬩笁涓樁娈点��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 绗竴闃舵锛岀湅鍥剧敾锛屾湭褰㈡垚鏁呬簨銆傚辜鍎夸粠璺崇潃缈婚〉锛岃鍑轰簨鐗╁悕绉帮紝鍒版墜鎸囧浘鐢伙紝杩拌鐢婚潰涓汉鐗╃殑琛屽姩锛岄�愭鍙戝睍璧风敤鍙ｈ璇寸敾闈㈠唴瀹圭殑鑳藉姏锛屼絾鏄繕涓嶈兘褰㈡垚瀹屾暣鐨勬晠浜嬨��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 绗簩闃舵锛岀湅鍥剧敾锛屽舰鎴愭晠浜嬨�傚湪杩欎釜闃舵锛屽辜鍎胯兘澶熶粠鍥剧敾涓湅鍑烘晠浜嬬殑杩炶疮鎬э紝寮�濮嬬敤鍙ｈ璇村嚭涓庝功涓婇儴鍒嗘儏鑺傚唴瀹圭浉浼肩殑鏁呬簨銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 绗笁闃舵锛岃瘯鐫�鐪嬫枃瀛椼�傚辜鍎胯繖鏃跺紑濮嬫敞鎰忓埌涔︿笂鐨勬枃瀛楋紝浠栦滑浠庨儴鍒嗚鍒颁笉骞宠 绛栫暐璇伙紝鍐嶈繘涓�姝ョ嫭绔嬪湴璇伙紝鏈�鍚庡涔犵嫭绔嬩笖瀹屽叏闃呰銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e124">2.骞煎効鍓嶈瘑瀛楄兘鍔涚殑鍙戝睍瑙勫緥</h5>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鍓嶈瘑瀛楄兘鍔涚殑鍙戝睍涓庝粬浠殑褰㈣薄瑙嗚鍙戝睍浠ュ強鍙ｅご璇█鍙戝睍瀵嗗垏鐩稿叧銆傚彲浠ュ垎涓轰互涓嬩笁涓樁娈点��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 绗竴闃舵锛岃悓鍙戦樁娈点�傚瀛愯兘鏈夊叴瓒ｅ湴鎹х潃涔︾湅锛屾敞鎰忕幆澧冧腑鐨勬枃瀛楋紝浼氱粰涔︿腑鍥剧敾鍛藉悕锛岃兘鏀圭紪涔︿腑鐔熸倝鐨勬晠浜嬪唴瀹癸紝鑳借鲸鍒嚜宸辩殑鍚嶅瓧锛屽紑濮嬭鲸璁ゆ煇浜涘瓧锛屽枩鐖遍噸澶嶇殑鍎挎瓕銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 绗簩闃舵锛屽垵鏈熼樁娈点�傚辜鍎垮紑濮嬩簡瑙ｆ枃瀛楁槸鏈夋剰涔夌殑锛屾敼缂栨晠浜嬫椂娉ㄦ剰鍘熶綔鑰呯殑鏂囧瓧锛屾効鎰忓康涔︾粰鍒汉鍚紝鑳藉鍦ㄥ悇绉嶆儏鍐典笅杈ㄨ鐔熸倝鐨勬枃瀛椼��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 绗笁闃舵锛屾祦鐣呴樁娈点�傚辜鍎胯兘澶熻嚜鍔ㄥ鐞嗘枃瀛楃殑缁嗚妭锛岃兘澶熺嫭绔嬮槄璇诲悇绉嶆枃瀛楀舰寮忥紙濡傝瘲姝屾垨鑿滃崟绛夛級锛屼細浠ラ�傚悎鏂囧瓧褰㈠紡鐨勮閫熷拰璇煶璇皟闃呰銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効闃呰琛屼负鍙戝睍涓昏澶勪簬钀屽彂闃舵鍜屽垵鏈熼樁娈碉紝浠栦滑浠ヨ嚜宸辩殑鐙壒鏂瑰紡鎺㈢储鏂囧瓧锛岄�愭鎵╁睍浠栦滑澶勭悊澶氱鏂囧瓧鏉愭枡鐨勮兘鍔涖��
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="172">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(172) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗竷绔� 骞煎効鏃╄捣闃呰娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">165</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <h4 id="d111">锛堜簩锛夊辜鍎挎棭鏈熼槄璇荤粡楠岀殑绉疮</h4>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鏃╂湡闃呰缁忛獙鍖呭惈涓変釜鏂归潰锛屽嵆鍓嶅浘涔﹂槄璇荤粡楠屻�佸墠璇嗗瓧缁忛獙銆佸墠涔﹀啓缁忛獙銆傝繖浜涚粡楠屼笌骞煎効灏嗘潵杩涘叆灏忓瑕佽繘琛岀殑绯荤粺瀛︿範鏄湁鏍规湰鍖哄埆鐨勩��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e125">1.鍓嶅浘涔﹂槄璇荤粡楠�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 杩欓噷鎻愬埌鐨勨�滃墠鍥句功闃呰鑳藉姏鈥濆苟涓嶆剰鍛崇潃鏁欏笀涓�瀹氳鍒╃敤鍥句功鍩瑰吇骞煎効鐨勯槄璇昏兘鍔涳紝鑰屾槸瑕佸府鍔╁辜鍎垮涔犵Н绱嫢骞插叿浣撶殑琛屼负缁忛獙銆傛暀甯堜笉浠呭彲浠ュ埄鐢ㄤ赴瀵屽褰╃殑鍥句功锛岃繕鍙互鎸栨帢鍙緵骞煎効闃呰鐨勫悇绉嶆潗鏂欙紝渚嬪锛屽箍鍛婄焊銆佹姤绾搞�佽彍鍗曘�佽鏄庝功绛夌敓娲讳腑闅忔墜鍙緱鐨勪笢瑗匡紝杩欎簺閮藉彲浠ヤ赴瀵屽辜鍎跨殑鍓嶅浘涔﹂槄璇荤粡楠屻��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e126">2.鍓嶈瘑瀛楃粡楠�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄥ榫勫墠闃舵锛屾墭骞兼満鏋勯�氳繃鏈夌洰鐨勩�佹湁璁″垝鐨勬棭鏈熼槄璇绘椿鍔紝鍙互甯姪骞煎効瀛︿範鑾峰緱鍓嶈瘑瀛楃粡楠岋紝鎻愰珮瀵规枃瀛楃殑鏁忔劅绋嬪害銆傚惊搴忔笎杩涘湴鍚戝辜鍎挎彁渚涗互涓嬫柟闈㈢殑鍓嶈瘑瀛楃粡楠屻��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 棣栧厛锛岀煡閬撴枃瀛楁湁鍏蜂綋鎰忎箟鍜屽姛鑳姐�傚鈥滃皬鑺辩尗鈥濓紝涓嶄粎鍙互蹇靛嚭鏉ワ紝杩樺彲灏嗘枃瀛椼�佸彛璇笌姒傚康瀵瑰簲璧锋潵銆傜煡閬撳彲浠ュ湪妗屽瓙涓婄暀涓�寮犫�滀究鏉♀�濓紝鎶婃兂璇寸殑璇濆啓鎴愨�滃瓧鈥濓紝璇诲埌渚挎潯鐨勪汉灏辫兘鏄庣櫧鍏蜂綋鎰忔�濄��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍏舵锛岀煡閬撴枃瀛楁槸涓�绉嶇鍙凤紝涓庡叾浠栫鍙风郴缁熷彲浠ヤ簰鐩歌浆鎹€�傚鍚勭浜ら�氭爣蹇楀浘锛屼笉浠呬唬琛ㄦ煇涓�绉嶆剰鎬濓紝杩樺彲浠ョ敤姣嶈璇█鎴栧叾浠栬瑷�鏂囧瓧琛ㄧ幇鍑烘潵銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏈�鍚庯紝鐭ラ亾杈ㄨ瘑鏂囧瓧鏈変竴瀹氱殑瑙勫緥銆傚湪鍓嶈瘑瀛楅樁娈碉紝寮曞骞煎効鏄庣櫧鏂囧瓧鏈変竴瀹氱殑鏋勬垚瑙勫緥锛屾帉鎻¤繖浜涜寰嬪氨鍙互鏇村ソ鍦拌瘑瀛椼�傚姹夊瓧鈥滅伀鈥濆瓧鏃佺殑瀛楀ぇ閮戒笌鐏湁鍏筹紝鐐夈�佺儰銆佺儳绛夈�備簡瑙ｈ繖绉嶅唴鍦ㄨ寰嬩細澧炲姞骞煎効璇嗗瓧鐨勫叴瓒ｏ紝婵�鍙戝辜鍎胯嚜宸辨帰绱㈣璇嗕竴浜涘父瑙佸瓧銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e127">3.鍓嶄功鍐欑粡楠�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鍓嶄功鍐欐椿鍔ㄦ槸鎸�3锝�6宀佸辜鍎胯繘琛岀殑缁樼敾涔﹀啓娲诲姩锛屽鍓嶉樁娈靛彧鏄负灏嗘潵姝ｅ紡瀛︿範涔﹀啓鍋氬ソ鍑嗗锛岀Н绱湁鍏虫眽瀛楁瀯鎴愪笌涔﹀啓鐨勫涔犵粡楠屻�傞櫎浜嗗紩瀵煎辜鍎胯璇嗘眽瀛楃嫭鐗圭殑涔﹀啓椋庢牸銆佸熀鏈粨鏋勪笌涔﹀啓瑙勫垯澶栵紝杩樺簲璇ヨ骞煎効鐭ラ亾鐢ㄤ笉鍚屾眽瀛椾功鍐欏伐鍏凤紙濡傞搮绗斻�侀挗绗斻�佹瘺绗旓級涔﹀啓鏃剁殑涓嶅悓瑕佹眰銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 瀹冨彲浠ユ槸骞煎効鑷彂浜х敓鑷富杩涜鐨勬父鎴忔椿鍔紝涔熷彲浠ユ槸鍦ㄦ垚浜哄紩瀵间笅杩涜鐨勪互娓告垙涓轰富鐨勫涔犳椿鍔紝渚嬪锛屾弿鐢诲皬鐚挀楸肩殑鈥滈挬鈥濇潵鍋氭眽瀛楃瑪鐢烩�滅珫寮挬鈥濈殑缁冧範銆傛暀甯堥渶瑕佺壒鍒敞鎰忥細棣栧厛锛岃繖浜涘浘褰㈡弿鐢讳笉鏄弿绾㈠啓瀛楋紝涓嶈兘瑕佹眰骞煎効鏈烘鏃犲懗鍦扮粌涔狅紱鍏舵锛屽鏋滃彲鑳藉簲璁╁辜鍎垮皾璇曚娇鐢ㄦ瘺绗旂瓑涓嶅悓涔﹀啓宸ュ叿锛岀洰鐨勫湪浜庤骞煎効浜嗚В绁栧浗鏂囧瓧鍙婁功鍐欑殑鐙壒椋庢牸銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 闇�瑕佹敞鎰忕殑鏄紝浠ヤ笂涓夌娲诲姩涓昏鎻愪緵浜嗕竴绉嶈嚜鐢辫嚜鍦ㄣ�佸厖婊′箰瓒ｇ殑娲诲姩鎯呭锛屽簲璁╁辜鍎垮湪婊℃��鍏磋叮鐨勭姸鎬佷笅杩涜鑷劧鑰岀劧鐨勬帰绱㈠涔狅紝涓嶄互骞煎効绌剁珶瀛︿細浜嗗灏戠煡璇嗘妧鑳戒负琛￠噺鏍囧噯锛屽彧瑕佸辜鍎夸箰浜庡弬涓庤繖鏍风殑娲诲姩骞朵粠涓彈鐩婂嵆鍙紝渚嬪锛岀埍涓婇槄璇伙紝鍠滄鎸囪璁よ瘑鐨勬眽瀛楋紝鎸囩潃涓�涓粈涔堥兘涓嶅儚鐨勭鍙疯鈥滆繖灏辨槸鐖哥埜鐨勫悕瀛椻�濈瓑
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="173">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(173) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">166</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 姝ゆ椂锛屾垜浠氨鍙互璁や负鏃╂湡闃呰娲诲姩淇冭繘浜嗗辜鍎跨殑鍙戝睍锛屽苟涓旇繖浜涙椿鍔ㄥ繀瀹氫細瀵逛互鍚庣殑姝ｅ紡涔﹂潰璇█瀛︿範浜х敓绉瀬褰卞搷銆�
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c044">涓夈�佹棭鏈熼槄璇绘椿鍔ㄧ殑鐩爣</h3>
+ <p>
+ 鏃╂湡闃呰鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勬�讳綋鐩爣鏄负鍩瑰吇鎴愬姛鐨勯槄璇昏�呭仛鍑嗗銆傚辜鍎胯壇濂介槄璇昏兘鍔涳紝鍗虫棭鏈熻嚜涓婚槄璇昏兘鍔涚殑鍩瑰吇锛屾垚涓烘棭鏈熼槄璇绘暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄧ殑鏍稿績鐩爣銆傚叿浣撶洰鏍囦负浠ヤ笅涓夌偣銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d112">锛堜竴锛夎壇濂界殑闃呰涔犳儻鍜岄槄璇昏涓�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鏈夋祿鍘氱殑闃呰鍏磋叮锛屾効鎰忎翰杩戝浘涔︼紝涓庢垚浜轰竴璧烽槄璇诲浘涔︼紝鍦ㄧ┖浣欐椂闂达紙濡傞鍓嶃�佺潯鍓嶏級浼氱Н鏋佷富鍔ㄥ湴閫夋嫨闃呰鍥句功锛屽吇鎴愭瘡澶╅槄璇荤殑涔犳儻銆傜煡閬撳浘涔︾殑闃呰瑙勫垯锛岀埍鎶ゆ暣鐞嗗浘涔︼紱鑳借窡闅忔垚浜烘寚璁ゅ浘涔︿腑鐨勭墿浣擄紝璁ょ湡瑙傚療鍥句功鐨勬枃瀛楀拰鐢婚潰淇℃伅锛涗笓娉ㄥ湴淇濇寔杈冮暱鏃堕棿鐨勯槄璇荤瓑銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d113">锛堜簩锛夌悊瑙ｉ槄璇诲唴瀹癸紝褰㈡垚闃呰绛栫暐</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鐞嗚В闃呰鍐呭涓昏鏄寚瀵硅鑹插舰璞°�佽涓哄姩浣溿�佹儏缁姸鎬佷互鍙婂唴瀹圭殑閫昏緫鍏崇郴鍜屾剰涔夌瓑鐨勬劅鐭ャ�佺悊瑙ｃ�傚悓鏃讹紝鍦ㄩ槄璇昏繃绋嬩腑锛屽辜鍎块渶瑕侀�愭鑾峰緱涓�浜涘熀鏈殑闃呰绛栫暐锛屽棰勬湡銆佸亣璁俱�佹瘮杈冦�侀獙璇佺瓑锛屼互甯姪骞煎効鏇村噯纭湴鐞嗚В闃呰鍐呭锛屽苟浜庡皢鏉ユ渶缁堣蛋鍚戣嚜涓婚槄璇汇��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d114">锛堜笁锛夎兘瀵归槄璇诲唴瀹硅繘琛岃〃杈句笌璇勫垽</h4>
+ <p>
+ 涓�涓湁鑹ソ闃呰鑳藉姏鐨勫辜鍎匡紝涓嶄粎鑳藉彊杩伴槄璇诲唴瀹癸紝鍦ㄧ敓娲讳腑鍥炲繂鍜岃縼绉婚槄璇诲唴瀹癸紝杩樿兘缁撳悎鑷繁鐢熸椿缁忛獙瀵归槄璇诲唴瀹瑰舰鎴愯嚜宸辩殑鐞嗚В鍜屽垽鏂�傘�婃寚鍗椼�嬩腑鎻愬嚭鐨�5锝�6宀佸辜鍎垮簲瀵圭湅杩囩殑鍥句功銆佸惉杩囩殑鏁呬簨鑳借鍑鸿嚜宸辩殑鐪嬫硶锛岃繖鍙嶆槧鐨勬鏄繖灞傞槄璇荤洰鏍囥��
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c045">鍥涖�佹棭鏈熼槄璇绘椿鍔ㄧ殑涓昏褰㈠紡</h3>
+ <p>
+ 闅忕潃鏃╂湡闃呰瑙傚康鐨勯�愭笎娣卞叆锛屾棭鏈熼槄璇诲凡鎴愪负骞煎効鐢熸椿涓嶅彲鍒嗗壊鐨勪竴閮ㄥ垎锛屾笚閫忎簬骞煎効瀛︿範鍜岀敓娲荤殑鍚勪釜鐜妭銆傚辜鍎垮彲浠ラ�氳繃鍥剧敾涔﹀涔犻槄璇伙紝鍦ㄦ父鎴忎腑瀛︿範闃呰锛屽湪鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓涔犻槄璇荤瓑銆傚辜鍎垮洯鏄紑灞曟棭鏈熼槄璇荤殑涓婚樀鍦帮紝瀹跺涵涓庣ぞ鍖轰篃鎵紨鐫�閲嶈瑙掕壊銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d115">锛堜竴锛夊辜鍎垮洯闃呰娲诲姩</h4>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鍥槄璇绘椿鍔ㄦ槸鎸囧湪骞煎効鍥唴锛屾暀甯堥�氳繃瑙傚療骞煎効鐨勫叴瓒ｅ拰鑳藉姏锛屾湁鐩殑銆佹湁璁″垝鍦板紩瀵煎辜鍎块�氳繃鏈夎叮鐨勩�佸浘鏂囧苟鑼傜殑闃呰鏉愭枡杩涜鐨勯槄璇绘椿鍔ㄣ�傚鐝骇鍥句功鍖洪槄璇绘椿鍔ㄣ�佹暀甯堢粍缁囩殑鍚勭涓撻棬鐨勯槄璇绘椿鍔ㄣ�佷竴鏃ョ敓娲讳腑娓楅�忛槄璇诲洜绱犵殑娲诲姩銆佸辜鍎垮洯闃呰涓績鐨勯槄璇绘椿鍔ㄧ瓑銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍏朵腑鍥句功鍖烘槸渚涘辜鍎块殢鏃堕槄璇荤殑涓�涓父鎬佸尯瑙掞紝鏁欏笀闇�瑕佹牴鎹辜鍎垮勾榫勭壒鐐逛笌闃呰鍏磋叮涓哄辜鍎垮畾鏈熸垨涓嶅畾鏈熸姇鏀炬柊鍥句功锛屽苟娉ㄦ剰鍩瑰吇骞煎効寤虹珛蹇呰鐨勯槄璇昏鍒欍��
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="174">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(174) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗竷绔� 骞煎効鏃╄捣闃呰娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">167</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鍏绘垚鑹ソ鐨勯槄璇讳範鎯�傚悓鏃舵敞閲嶅煿鍏诲辜鍎垮鍥句功鏈韩鐨勫叴瓒ｏ紝渚嬪锛屽彲浠ュ甫棰嗗辜鍎垮紑灞曡嚜鍒跺浘涔︺�佷慨琛ュ浘涔︾瓑娲诲姩锛岃繖涓嶄粎鍙互浜嗚В鍥句功鐨勭粨鏋勶紝澧炲己鑷俊蹇冿紝鍩瑰吇瀹＄編鎯呰叮锛岃繕鍙互闂存帴婵�鍙戝辜鍎跨埍鎶ゅ浘涔︾殑鎰忚瘑銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d116">锛堜簩锛夊搴槄璇绘椿鍔�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄥ搴腑锛屾垚浜哄彲浠ユ牴鎹辜鍎挎剰鎰垮埄鐢ㄥ悇绫绘湁瓒ｇ殑銆佸浘鏂囧苟鑼傜殑闃呰鏉愭枡涓庡辜鍎夸竴璧疯繘琛岄槄璇绘椿鍔ㄣ�傚鍚堜綔寮忎翰瀛愰槄璇绘椿鍔ㄣ�侀偦閲岄棿浜ゅ線鎬ч槄璇绘椿鍔ㄣ�佸搴儕娓告垨鍙傝鎬ч槄璇绘椿鍔ㄧ瓑銆傚湪瀹跺涵闃呰娲诲姩涓紝瀹堕暱鐨勬枃鍖栫礌璐ㄣ�侀槄璇荤瓥鐣ヤ互鍙婁翰瀛愬叧绯昏川閲忕瓑閮藉奖鍝嶇潃骞煎効闃呰鑳藉姏鐨勫彂灞曘��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d117">锛堜笁锛夌ぞ浼氭暀鑲茶祫婧愰槄璇绘椿鍔�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄦ棩甯哥敓娲讳腑锛屾垚浜哄甫棰嗗辜鍎垮埄鐢ㄧぞ鍖哄浘涔﹂銆侀槄瑙堝銆佸皬鍖烘枃鍖栧箍鍦恒�侀亾璺袱杈瑰浼犳爮绛夊紑灞曞鏍峰寲闃呰娲诲姩锛屽绀惧尯闃呰瀹ら槄璇绘椿鍔紝闅忔満鎬ч槄璇绘椿鍔紙骞垮憡銆佹爣蹇椼�佽鏄庝功銆佸晢鏍囥�佹柊闂荤瓑锛夛紝瑙嗗惉闃呰娲诲姩绛夈��
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c046">浜斻�佹棭鏈熼槄璇绘枃鏈殑閫夋嫨</h3>
+ <p>
+ 铏界劧骞煎効鐢熸椿涓殑鍚勭鍥句功銆佹姤绾搞�佹爣璇嗛兘鍙互鏄辜鍎跨殑闃呰鏂囨湰鏉ユ簮锛屼絾鏈�瑙勮寖銆佹渶閫傚悎浠栦滑鐨勯槄璇绘枃鏈槸鍥剧敾涔︺�傚浘鐢讳功鏄綋浠ｅ辜鍎挎枃瀛︿腑鏈�甯歌鐨勪竴绉嶅浘涔﹂棬绫伙紝涔熸槸鏈�鑳戒綋鐜板辜鍎挎枃瀛﹁壓鏈壒鎬х殑鏂囦綋鏍峰紡涔嬩竴銆傚畠鍦ㄦ棭鏈熼槄璇讳腑鎵紨鐫�閲嶈鐨勮鑹诧紝琚涓烘槸鈥滃瀛愪汉鐢熺殑绗竴鏈功鈥濄�傚湪鏃╂湡闃呰鏁欒偛涓紝鍥剧敾涔﹀凡鎴愪负涓�绉嶉噸瑕佺殑鏁欏璧勬簮鍜屾墜娈点��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d118">锛堜竴锛変粈涔堟槸鍥剧敾涔�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鍥剧敾涔﹁嫳鏂囨槸鈥淧icture
+ Books鈥濓紝鍙堢О浣溾�滅粯鏈�濓紝椤惧悕鎬濅箟鏄竴绉嶉�傚悎浣庡辜骞煎効闃呰鐨勩�佷互鍥句负涓讳互鏂囧瓧涓鸿緟锛岀敋鑷冲畬鍏ㄦ病鏈夋枃瀛楄�屽叏鏄浘鐢荤殑涔︾睄銆傛棩鏈憲鍚嶅辜鍎挎枃瀛﹀嚭鐗堜笓瀹舵澗灞呯洿鍋氫簡闈炲父褰㈣薄鐨勬敞瑙ｏ細鈥滄枃+鍥�=甯︽彃鍥剧殑涔︹�濓紝澶氭寚浠ユ枃瀛椾负涓汇�佸浘鐢讳负杈呯殑涔︼紝杩欎簺涔︾殑鍥剧敾鍙兘瑙ｉ噴鏂囧瓧鍗翠笉鑳借鏁呬簨锛屽綋闃呰鑰呯嫭绔嬮槄璇诲浘鐢绘椂鏃犳硶璇诲嚭瀹屾暣鐨勬晠浜嬪唴瀹癸紱鑰屸�滄枃脳鍥�=鍥剧敾涔︹�濓紝鏂囧瓧鍜屽浘鐢婚兘鏄彊杩拌瑷�锛屽浘鐢荤洿鎺ュ湪璁叉晠浜嬶紝鍥剧敾鎴愪负鈥滆瑷�鈥濓紝鏄彲浠ョ敤鏉モ�滆鏁呬簨鈥濈殑銆�<a
+ id="w4"
+ ></a
+ ><a href="chapter007.html#m4"><sup>[4]</sup></a>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 瀵逛簬骞煎効鏉ヨ锛屽浘鐢讳功灏辨槸涓�绉嶁�滃彧瑕佹尐椤电炕锛岀湅鐢诲氨鑳芥槑鐧芥晠浜嬧�濈殑涔︾睄銆傚彲瑙侊紝鍥剧敾涔︿笉绛変簬鈥滄湁鎻掑浘鐨勪功鈥濓紝瀹冩槸涓�绉嶇嫭绔嬬殑鍥句功褰㈠紡锛岀壒鍒己璋冩枃涓庡浘鐨勫唴鍦ㄥ叧绯伙紝鏂囧瓧涓庡浘鐢诲叡鍚屾媴褰撹鏁呬簨鐨勯噸瑕佽鑹诧紝鍥剧敾涓嶅啀浠呬粎璧疯緟鍔╁拰璇犻噴鏂囧瓧鐨勪綔鐢紝鍥剧敾涔︽槸鐢ㄥ浘鐢诲拰鏂囧瓧鍏卞悓鍙欒堪涓�涓畬鏁存晠浜嬬殑涔︼紝鏄浘鏂囦氦铻嶃�佺浉寰楃泭褰扮殑涓�绉嶄功绫嶈〃鐜板舰寮忋��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄥ浗澶栵紝鍥剧敾涔︾殑鍙戝睍宸叉湁涓婄櫨骞寸殑鍘嗗彶锛�1845骞村痉鍥界殑娴峰洜閲屽笇路闇嶅か鏇硷紙Heinrich
+ Hoffmann锛夌殑銆婅摤钃ご褰煎緱銆�<i>锛圫truwwel Peter锛�</i
+ >琚涓烘槸鐜颁唬鍥剧敾涔︽渶鏃╃殑浠ｈ〃浣溿�傚悇绉嶅悇鏍风殑鍥剧敾涔﹀奖鍝嶄簡涓�浠ｅ張涓�浠ｇ殑骞煎効璇昏�咃紝鐩村埌浠婂ぉ锛屼竴浜涚粡鍏哥殑
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m4"></a><a href="chapter007.html#w4">[4]</a>
+ 鏉惧眳鐩�.鎴戠殑鍥剧敾涔﹁锛籑锛�.瀛ｉ锛岃瘧.闀挎矙锛氭箹鍗楀皯骞村効绔ュ嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�1997锛�78.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="175">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(175) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">168</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鍥剧敾涔﹀銆婄寽鐚滄垜鏈夊鐖变綘銆嬨�婂ソ楗跨殑姣涙瘺铏�嬨�婂皬钃濆拰灏忛粍銆嬨�婃瘝楦¤悵涓濆幓鏁ｆ銆嬨�婂郊寰楀厰鐨勬晠浜嬨�嬨�婄埍蹇冩爲銆嬬瓑杩樺湪鏁ｅ彂鐫�鐙壒鐨勯瓍鍔涳紝娣卞彈瀹堕暱銆佹暀甯堬紝灏ゅ叾鏄辜鍎跨殑鍠滅埍銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d119">锛堜簩锛変紭绉�鍥剧敾涔︾殑鍩烘湰鏍囧噯</h4>
+ <h5 id="e128">1.涓�鏈ソ鐨勫浘鐢讳功锛岄鍏堣鏈夊ソ鐨勫唴瀹�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鍐呭鏄竴鏈浘鐢讳功鐨勫叧閿紝浠庡辜鍎胯瑙掑弽鏄犲辜鍎跨殑鐢熸椿鍜屾兂娉曪紝瀵屾湁骞煎効鎯呰叮锛屽苟鐣欑粰骞煎効鍏呭垎鎬濊�冨拰鎯宠薄鐨勭┖闂淬�傚浘鐢讳功灞炰簬骞煎効鏂囧鐨勪竴涓棬绫伙紝鎵�浠ュソ鐨勫浘鐢讳功蹇呴』绗﹀悎浼樼骞煎効鏂囧鐨勫熀鏈壒寰侊紝鍗虫枃瀛︽�с�佽瑷�鎬х瓑銆傚浘鐢讳功涓殑鏂囧瓧瑕佹眰绠�娲佸舰璞°�佺敓鍔ㄨ鑼冿紝濡傝壘鐟灺峰崱灏旂殑銆婂ソ楗跨殑姣涙瘺铏�嬶紝骞煎効涓嶄粎鍙互鐩存帴鎻愬彇鍑烘晠浜嬩富瑙掆�滄瘺姣涜櫕鈥濓紝鑰屼笖鍙互鐢ㄤ竴涓瘝鈥滃ソ楗库�濇潵褰㈠瀹冪殑浜虹墿鐗瑰緛銆傛晠浜嬪�熺敤鐨勬槸姣涙瘺铏彉鎴愯澊铦剁殑杩囩▼鏉ユ壙杞芥晠浜嬬殑锛屾瘺姣涜櫕鍖栬澏鏄幇瀹炰腑鐪熷疄瀛樺湪鐨勶紝浣嗗叿浣撹繃绋嬪張鏄櫄骞荤殑銆佹兂璞＄殑銆傛晠浜嬩腑鈥滃ソ楗库�濈殑姣涙瘺铏粠鏄熸湡涓�鍒版槦鏈熷叚涓嶅仠鍦板悆鐫�鍚勭姘存灉鍜岄浂椋燂紝鈥滄槦鏈熋楋紝瀹冨悆浜喢椾釜脳脳锛屽彲鏄紝瀹冪殑鑲氬瓙杩樻槸濂介タ鈥濓紝鏁呬簨涓赴瀵岀殑璇嶆眹銆佺煭灏忕殑閲嶅鍙ヤ互鍙婁笌骞煎効鐢熸椿缁忛獙鐩稿尮閰嶇殑璇█闊靛緥锛岃嚜鐒跺鏄撳緱鍒板辜鍎跨殑鍠滅埍銆傚啀濡傘�婃垜鐖哥埜銆嬪儚涓�棣栨俯棣ㄧ殑骞煎効璇楋紝銆婅姳濠嗗﹩銆嬪儚涓�棣栧彊浜嬫暎鏂囪瘲锛屻�婄寽鐚滄垜鏈夊鐖变綘銆嬪垯鏄竴棣栨弿鍐欐繁鍘氬骞挎瘝鐖辩殑鏁ｆ枃璇楋紝閮藉緱鍒颁紬澶氬皬鏈嬪弸鐨勫枩鐖便��
+ </p>
+ <p class="center openImgBox">
+ <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../../images/0188-1.jpg" />
+ </p>
+ <p class="img">
+ 鍥�7-1 銆婂ソ楗跨殑姣涙瘺铏��<a id="w5"></a
+ ><a href="chapter007.html#m5"><sup>[5]</sup></a>
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e129">2.涓�鏈ソ鐨勫浘鐢讳功锛岃鏈夊ソ鐨勫浘鐢�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 涓�鏈紭绉�鐨勫浘鐢讳功锛屽叾鍥剧敾鐢氳嚦姣旀枃瀛楁洿閲嶈锛屽浘鐢绘湰韬氨鑳藉鈥滀紶鎯呰揪鎰忊�濓紝涓嶄粎鑳界敓鍔ㄨ〃杈炬晠浜嬬殑涓婚锛屼篃鑳借〃鐜颁汉鐗╃殑鎯呯华鎯呮劅鍜屼綔鑰呯殑鎬佸害銆備緥濡傦紝鐢遍害鍏嬪竷闆峰凹鎾版枃銆佸鏈楃粯鍥剧殑銆婄寽鐚滄垜鏈夊鐖变綘銆嬧�斺�旀晠浜嬬敾闈㈣瀹夋帓鍦ㄨ崚閲庝笂锛屼富瑙掓槸閲庡厰銆備竴澶т竴灏忎袱鍙厰瀛愭槸鏈�鑷劧銆佹渶鏅�氱殑鐩歌矊锛屼粬浠殑鍔ㄤ綔琛ㄦ儏閮芥病鏈夎鈥滅敾闈⑩�濆叧娉ㄧ殑鎰熻銆備綔鑰呰繍鐢ㄩ�熷啓鐨勭嚎鏉°�佸啓鎰忕殑绗旀硶浣垮姩浣滀究浜庡彉鍖栧拰浼稿睍锛涘崟绾湸绱犵殑鑹插僵闈炲父閫傚悎鑽掗噹鐨勬剰瓒ｏ紱灏忓厰瀛愭病鏈夋紓浜殑鐫¤。锛屾病鏈夊辜鍎垮簥锛屾病鏈夎姳琚瓙锛屽彧鏈変竴涓涜崚鑽夈�傚浜庢繁鍘氬骞跨殑姣嶇埍銆佷护浜虹柤鎯滅殑浜插瓙涔嬫儏鑰岃█锛岄偅涓�鍒囨樉寰楀浣欙紙瑙佸浘7-2锛夈��
+ </p>
+ <p class="center openImgBox">
+ <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../../images/0188-2.jpg" />
+ </p>
+ <p class="img">
+ 鍥�7-2 銆婄寽鐚滄垜鏈夊鐖变綘銆�<a id="w6"></a
+ ><a href="chapter007.html#m6"><sup>[6]</sup></a>
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m5"></a><a href="chapter007.html#w5">[5]</a>
+ 鑹剧憺路鍗″皵.濂介タ鐨勬瘺姣涜櫕锛籑锛�.閮戞槑杩涳紝璇�.娴庡崡锛氭槑澶╁嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2008.
+ </p>
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m6"></a><a href="chapter007.html#w6">[6]</a>
+ 灞卞路楹﹀厠甯冮浄灏硷紝瀹夊Ξ濉斅峰鏈�.鐚滅寽鎴戞湁澶氱埍浣狅蓟M锛�.姊呭瓙娑碉紝璇�.鍖椾含锛氬皯骞村効绔ュ嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2005.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="176">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(176) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗竷绔� 骞煎効鏃╄捣闃呰娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">169</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鍥剧敾鐨勯�犲瀷銆佽壊褰┿�佹瀯鍥剧瓑鎵�鑳戒紶閫掔殑鎯呮劅璇█鏄赴瀵岃�岀洿鎺ョ殑锛屽湪璇昏�呯殑闃呰涓敋鑷虫槸绔欏湪鏂囧瓧涔嬪墠鐨勩��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍚屾牱鏄叧浜庡皬鍏斿瓙鐨勬晠浜嬶紝鑰岃嫳鍥界殑姣旈樋鐗逛附鍏嬫柉路褰煎緱鐨勩�婂郊寰楀厰鐨勬晠浜嬨�嬶紝鍒欐妸鐜板疄涓庡够鎯冲畬缇庣粨鍚堬紙瑙佸浘7-3锛夈�傛棩鏈浘鐢讳功鍑虹増瀹舵澗灞呯洿鍦ㄣ�婃垜鐨勫浘鐢讳功璁恒�嬩腑瀵瑰郊寰楀厰鏈夎繖鏍蜂竴娈佃瘎璁猴細涔︿笂鐨勫厰瀛愬拰浜轰竴鏍风┛鐫�琛ｆ湇锛屽厰濡堝鎻愮潃绡瓙锛屾墦鐫�娲嬩紴鍘讳拱涓滆タ銆備絾鏄紝灏界杩欐牱锛屼粛鐒朵娇浜鸿寰楋紝杩欏氨鏄厰瀛愶紝瀹冧滑鏈�缁嗗皬鐨勮〃鎯呭姩浣滀腑閮芥祦闇插嚭鍏斿瓙鐨勭壒鎬э紝涓庨偅绉嶄粎浠呮妸鍏旇劯鎷熶汉鍖栫殑鏂规硶涓嶄竴鏍枫�傛晠浜嬩篃濂斤紝鍥剧敾涔熷ソ锛岄兘鏄粠鍏斿瓙鐨勬�ф牸鍜岀敓娲讳腑浜х敓鐨勩�傝繖鏈皬灏忕殑涔﹀垱閫犱簡涓�涓嚜鐒剁殑涓栫晫锛氬湪閭ｉ噷鈥斺�斿够鎯充笘鐣屼腑锛屽厰瀛愮┛涓婅。鏈嶅儚浜轰竴鏍风敓娲伙紱鐜板疄涓栫晫涓紝鍏斿瓙浠嶇劧鏄厰瀛愩�備袱涓笘鐣岀粨鍚堝緱澶╄。鏃犵紳锛屾祽鐒朵竴浣撱�傚啀濡傦紝鏂硅蕉缇ゃ�佷弗涓嚒鍒涗綔鐨勫浘鐢讳功銆婅悵鍗滃洖鏉ヤ簡銆嬶紝璁茶堪浜嗗ぇ闆悗灏忓厰瀛愪笌浠栫殑灏忎紮浼翠滑鍦ㄥ悇鑷鐗╁洶椤跨殑鎯呭舰涓嬩篃鎰挎剰浠樺嚭鐨勫叧鐖变箣涓撅紝鐢婚潰寮�闃旓紝璇绘劅娓呮柊锛堣鍥�7-4锛夈��
+ </p>
+ <p class="center openImgBox">
+ <img class="img-c" alt="" src="../../images/0189-1.jpg" />
+ </p>
+ <p class="img">
+ 鍥�7-3 銆婂郊寰楀厰鐨勬晠浜嬨��<a id="w7"></a
+ ><a href="chapter007.html#m7"><sup>[7]</sup></a>
+ </p>
+ <p class="center openImgBox">
+ <img class="img-c" alt="" src="../../images/0189-2.jpg" />
+ </p>
+ <p class="img">
+ 鍥�7-4銆婅悵鍗滃洖鏉ヤ簡銆�<a id="w8"></a
+ ><a href="chapter007.html#m8"><sup>[8]</sup></a>
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e130">3.涓�鏈ソ鐨勫浘鐢讳功锛屽繀椤绘槸鍥炬枃鍚堝</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鍥剧敾鍜屾枃瀛楁槸鏋勬垚鍥剧敾涔︾殑涓ゅぇ瑕佺礌锛屼絾骞朵笉鏄鏈夊浘鏈夋枃鐨勪功閮芥槸濂界殑鍥剧敾涔︼紝鏉惧眳鐩村鍥剧敾涔︾殑瀹氫箟寰堝ソ鍦拌В閲婁簡浠�涔堟槸鐪熸鐨勫浘鐢讳功銆備篃灏辨槸璇达紝浼樼鐨勫浘鐢讳功涓殑鍥剧敾涓庢枃瀛楋紝搴旇鍍忛煶涔愪笌鑸炶箞涓�鏍凤紝鑳藉姘翠钩浜よ瀺褰㈡垚鍚堝銆傝繖鏍风殑鈥滃浘鏂囧悎濂忊�濅綋鐜板湪涓ゆ柟闈細涓�鏄浘鐢讳功涓殑鍥剧敾瑕佽兘琛ㄨ揪鈥滆█澶栦箣鎰忊�濓紝浜屾槸鍥剧敾涔︿腑鐨勬枃瀛楄鑳戒紶閫掆�滅敾澶栦箣闊斥�濄�備互鍥剧敾涔︺�婇紶灏忓紵鐨勫皬鑳屽績銆嬩负渚嬶紝鏁呬簨璁茶堪濡堝缁欓紶灏忓紵缁囦簡涓�浠跺皬鑳屽績锛屾尯濂界湅銆傚皬楦�佸皬鐚淬�佺嫯瀛愩�佸ぇ璞￠兘鎯崇┛绌匡紝榧犲皬寮熷緢鎱锋叏锛屽彲鏄ぇ瀹惰繕缁欎粬鏃讹紝灏忚儗蹇冨凡缁忓彉鎴愪簡闀跨怀瀛愩�傚浘鐢绘瀯鍥句娇鐢ㄤ簡鏈�绠�鍗曠殑鏂规硶锛氱┖鐧界殑鑸炲彴涓婂叏鏃犺儗鏅紝鍚勭瑙掕壊涓婂満鍙堜笅鍦猴紝鍙湁绾㈣壊鐨勫皬鑳屽績娌℃湁绂诲紑杩囪垶鍙帮紝瀹冭涓�娆″張涓�娆℃拺寮�锛屾瀯鍥剧殑绌烘垨婊℃瀬瀵岃叮鍛冲湴鍑告樉鐫�銆傝�屾晠浜嬭瑷�鍙堟瀬涓虹畝缁冿紝涓�鍙モ�滃皬鑳屽績寰堟紓浜紝璁╂垜绌跨┛琛屽悧锛熲�濇槸鎵�鏈夎瘯绌胯�呯殑鍏卞悓璇█锛岃�屽洖绛旀槸鏋佺畝鐨勪竴涓�滃棷鈥濆瓧銆傚叏涔﹀嚭鐜扮殑鍔ㄧ墿澶у皬鎮畩锛屼互闈炲父鎴忓墽鍖栫殑澶稿紶璇█缁欏瀛愮暀涓嬩簡寰堟繁鐨勫嵃璞★紙瑙佸浘7-5锛夈�傚彲瑙侊紝濂界殑鍥剧敾鍜屾枃瀛楀叡鍚岃鏁呬簨锛屼负璇昏�呮彁渚涜瑙夊拰鍚鐨�
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m7"></a><a href="chapter007.html#w7">[7]</a>
+ 姣曠繝鍏嬩笣路娉㈢壒.褰煎緱鍏旂殑鏁呬簨锛籑锛�.楂樺ぉ鑸紝璇�.鍝堝皵婊細榛戦緳姹熺編鏈嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2019.浣滆�呭張璇戜负姣旈樋鐗逛附鍏嬫柉路褰煎緱.
+ </p>
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m8"></a><a href="chapter007.html#w8">[8]</a>
+ 鏂硅蕉缇�.钀濆崪鍥炴潵浜嗭蓟M锛�.涓ヤ釜鍑★紝缁�.姝︽眽锛氶暱姹熷皯骞村効绔ュ嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2019.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="177">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(177) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">214</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>鍚堟垚淇℃伅锛屼竴璧锋瀯鎴愪簡鍥剧敾涔︾殑绔嬩綋绌洪棿銆�</p>
+ <p class="center openImgBox">
+ <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../../images/0190-1.jpg" />
+ </p>
+ <p class="img">
+ 鍥�7-5 銆婇紶灏忓紵鐨勫皬鑳屽績銆�<a id="w9"></a
+ ><a href="chapter007.html#m9"><sup>[9]</sup></a>
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e131">4.涓�鏈ソ鐨勫浘鐢讳功锛岃鏈夌簿蹇冪殑鐗堝紡璁捐</h5>
+ <p>
+ 涓�鏈紭绉�鐨勫浘鐢讳功涓嶄粎鍥剧敾搴旇鏄壓鏈搧锛屽畠鐨勫紑鏈�佽甯ц璁′篃搴旇鏄壓鏈搧銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 涔︾殑寮�鏈紝鏄敤鏉ヨ鏄庝竴鏈功鐨勫ぇ灏忎互鍙婇暱瀹芥瘮渚嬬殑鍑虹増鏈锛岃�岄�傚悎骞煎効闃呰鐨勫浘鐢讳功杩樺簲璇ヨ�冭檻瀹冨睍寮�鍚庣殑瀵归〉缁勬垚姣斾緥銆傚辜鍎垮浘涔︾殑寮�鏈�氬父鏄帴杩戞柟褰㈡垨鑰呭氨鏄柟褰紝濡�12寮�銆�20寮�銆�24寮�銆�48寮�绛夈�傛棤璁哄辜鍎挎槸鍧愬湪鐖舵瘝鑶濅笂鍏辫杩樻槸鑷富闃呰锛屽紑鏈瘮渚嬮兘瑕佸埄浜庣敾闈㈡祦鐣呭睍寮�锛屽甫鏉ヨ垝閫傛劅銆傚銆婂畨鐨勭瀛愩�嬫槸20寮�锛堣鍥�7-6锛夛紝鑰屻�婂摢鍚掗椆娴枫�嬪垯鏄�12寮�锛屾墦寮�鍚庡乏鍙抽〉鍚堟垚涓�涓畬鏁寸敾闈紝缁欒鑰呭崄鍒嗗紑闃旂殑鎰熻锛堣鍥�7-7锛夛紝鏄撲簬缁欏瀛愮暀涓嬪．瑙傜殑鍗拌薄銆�
+ </p>
+ <p class="center openImgBox">
+ <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../../images/0190-2.jpg" />
+ </p>
+ <p class="img">
+ 鍥�7-6銆婂畨鐨勭瀛愩��<a id="w10"></a
+ ><a href="chapter007.html#m10"><sup>[10]</sup></a>
+ </p>
+ <p class="center openImgBox">
+ <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../../images/0190-3.jpg" />
+ </p>
+ <p class="img">
+ 鍥�7-7銆婂摢鍚掗椆娴枫��<a id="w11"></a
+ ><a href="chapter007.html#m11"><sup>[11]</sup></a>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 瑁呭抚锛屾笚閫忓湪涓�鏈功鐨勬瘡涓钀姐�備竴鏈ソ鐨勫浘鐢讳功鐨勫皝闈€�佺幆琛�佹墘椤点�佸皝搴曘�佹潗璐ㄣ�佺増寮忕瓑閮借涓庡浘鐢讳功鐨勬暣浣撶浉铻嶅悎銆傛瘮濡傦紝娌冲寳鏁欒偛鍑虹増绀惧嚭鐗堢殑銆婃垜鐖哥埜銆嬶紝
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m9"></a><a href="chapter007.html#w9">[9]</a>
+ 涓睙鍢夌敺锛屼笂閲庣邯瀛�.榧犲皬寮熺殑灏忚儗蹇冿蓟M锛�.璧甸潤锛屾枃绾瓙锛岃瘧.娴峰彛锛氬崡娴峰嚭鐗堝叕鍙革紝2017.
+ </p>
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m10"></a><a href="chapter007.html#w10">[10]</a>
+ 鐜嬫棭鏃╋紝榛勪附.瀹夌殑绉嶅瓙锛籑锛�.閮戝窞锛氭捣鐕曞嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2008.
+ </p>
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m11"></a><a href="chapter007.html#w11">[11]</a>
+ 鍞愪簹鏄�.鍝悞闂规捣锛籑锛�.浜庡ぇ姝︼紝缁�.姝︽眽锛氶暱姹熷皯骞村効绔ュ嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2019.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="178">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(178) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗竷绔� 骞煎効鏃╄捣闃呰娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">171</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 杩欐湰鍥剧敾涔︾殑鍓嶅悗鐜‖閮芥槸鐖哥埜鐫¤。鐨勬牸瀛愮汗鍥炬锛岃�屼笖杩欑鏍煎瓙绾瑰浘妗堣疮绌夸簬鏁存湰鍥剧敾涔︼紝涔︿腑鐨勬瘡涓舰璞＄┛鐨勯兘鏄繖绉嶆牸瀛愮汗鐨勭潯琛ｏ紝璁╁辜鍎块槄璇绘椂浜х敓浜插垏鎰燂紝鑰屼笖鐭ラ亾涔︿腑鐨勬瘡涓舰璞￠兘鏄�滅埜鐖糕�濄�傚啀濡傘�婂皬灞辩緤鍜屽皬鑰佽檸銆嬶紙闀挎睙灏戝勾鍎跨鍑虹増绀撅級锛屾槸钁楀悕鍎跨鏂囧瀹堕瞾鍏靛拰璐哄弸鐩村叡鍚屽垱浣滅殑浼樼鍥剧敾涔︼紝浜虹墿瑁呮壆鍏锋湁娴撻儊鐨勪含鍓ч�犲瀷椋庢牸锛屾洿鏈夊垱鎰忕殑鏄腑闂存湁涓�涓�滄媺浼搁〉鈥濆舰璞″湴灞曠幇浜嗗北缇婃櫤鏂楄�佽檸鐨勫畯澶у満闈紙瑙佸浘7-8锛夈�傝繕鏈夌殑鍥剧敾涔︿笉浠呭湪姝ｆ枃鏈夋晠浜嬶紝鍦ㄥ皝搴曚篃鏈夋晠浜嬶紝濡傝鑰呭湪銆婅毌铓撶殑鏃ヨ銆嬬殑灏佸簳鑳界湅鍒颁护浜烘崸鑵圭殑鏅薄鈥斺�斾富浜哄叕铓殦缁х画涓撴敞鍦板啓鐫�鏃ヨ锛屽唴瀹规槸锛氣�滀粖澶╂垜鎰熷埌鏈変汉鍦ㄥ伔鐪嬫垜鐨勬棩璁帮紒鈥濊繖涓敾闈娇闃呰涓�涓嬪瓙鍙樺緱鏇村菇榛橈紝鏇磋浜哄紑蹇冦��
+ </p>
+ <p class="center openImgBox">
+ <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../../images/0191-1.jpg" />
+ </p>
+ <p class="img">
+ 鍥�7-8銆婂皬灞辩緤鍜屽皬鑰佽檸銆�<a id="w12"></a
+ ><a href="chapter007.html#m12"><sup>[12]</sup></a>
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d120">锛堜笁锛夊浘鐢讳功闃呰涓庡辜鍎垮彂灞�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 棣栧厛锛屽浘鐢讳功闃呰锛屽骞煎効鐨勬渶澶т环鍊煎湪浜庤幏寰楃Н鏋佹剦蹇殑鎯呯华浣撻獙銆傛濡傛湁鐮旂┒鑰呮寚鍑虹殑鈥滃簲璇ヨ骞煎効鍍忎韩鍙楁父鎴忕殑蹇箰閭ｆ牱鍘讳韩鍙楅槄璇诲浘鐢讳功鐨勫揩涔愨�濄�備緥濡傦紝銆婃瘝楦¤悵涓濆幓鏁ｆ銆嬪湪寰堝鎴愪汉鐪奸噷鏄钩娣＄殑銆佸辜绋氱殑锛屼絾骞煎効涓轰綍瑙夊緱鐢樹箣濡傞ゴ锛熷洜涓哄辜鍎挎病鏈夋垚浜虹殑鈥滃姛鍒┾�濈溂鍏夛紝鑰屾�绘槸甯︾潃杞绘澗鎰夊揩鐨勫績鎯呭幓闃呰鍥剧敾涔︼紝鍦ㄩ槄璇讳腑璁捐韩澶勫湴鍦颁綋浼氳鑹茬殑琛屽姩銆侀檯閬囧拰鎰熻锛屼綋楠屽浘鐢讳功浼犺揪鐨勫菇榛樺拰闅愯棌鐨勬儕鍠滐紝骞煎効姣旀垚浜烘洿瀹规槗鑾峰緱鐪熷杽缇庣殑鎰熷彈銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍏舵锛屽浘鐢讳功闃呰锛屽彲浠ユ彁楂樺辜鍎胯兘鍔涳紝淇冭繘鍏跺叏闈㈠拰璋愬彂灞曘�備紭绉�鍥剧敾涔︾殑闃呰锛屽骞煎効璇█鍙戝睍銆佺ぞ浼氳鐭ャ�佽壓鏈缇庯紝浠ュ強骞煎効涓�х殑褰㈡垚鍙戝睍閮芥湁绉瀬褰卞搷銆傚浘鐢讳功鐨勫唴瀹瑰寘缃椾竾璞★紝澶╂枃鍦扮悊銆佸巻鍙蹭汉鏂囥�佽嚜鐒剁ぞ浼氱瓑鐨嗘湁鎵�鎻忚堪锛屽闃呭巻涓嶅銆佺粡楠屾湁闄愮殑骞煎効鑰岃█锛屽畠鐘瑰鐧剧鍏ㄤ功锛屾彁渚涘悇绉嶈瀵熸�с�佹�濊�冩�т笌鎰熷彈鎬х殑璁ょ煡瀛︿範缁忛獙銆傚辜鍎垮彲閫氳繃闃呰鍥剧敾涔﹀寮鸿嚜鎴戣璇嗭紝褰㈡垚绉瀬涔愯鐨勭敓娲绘�佸害锛屽缓绔嬪弸璋娿�佺弽鎯滃弸鎯咃紝瀛︿細鍒嗕韩銆佸悎浣滅瓑浜茬ぞ浼氳涓恒��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 浼樼鐨勫浘鐢讳功鏈韩灏卞儚涓�搴у皬灏忕殑鈥滆壓鏈鈥濓紝濡傛娊璞℃淳椋庢牸鐨勩�婂皬钃濆拰灏忛粍銆嬨�佹补鐢绘淳椋庢牸鐨勩�婄埛鐖锋湁娌℃湁绌胯タ瑁呫�嬨�佹秱楦﹂鏍肩殑銆婂ぇ鍗笉鍙互銆嬨�佽湣绗旈鏍肩殑銆婂垢绂忕殑澶ф瀛愩�嬬瓑銆傚浘鐢讳功鍙皳鏂囧涓庤壓鏈畬缇庣粨鍚堢殑鑹烘湳鍝侊紝绠�娴呯殑鏂囧瓧锛岃皟鍜岀殑鑹插僵鍜岀簿缇庣殑鍗板埛锛屾綔绉婚粯鍖栧湴闄跺喍骞煎効蹇冩�с��
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m12"></a><a href="chapter007.html#w12">[12]</a>
+ 椴佸叺.灏忓北缇婂拰灏忚�佽檸[M].璐哄弸鐩达紝缁�.姝︽眽锛氶暱姹熷皯骞村効绔ュ嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2019.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="179">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(179) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">172</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">鐩稿叧閾炬帴</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-5">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="../../images/tb-5.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <span class="zt-ls1"
+ >鏁欒偛閮ㄧ粍缁囦笓瀹堕伌閫夋帹鑽愪竴鎵瑰辜鍎垮浘鐢讳功骞煎効鍥剧敾涔︽帹鑽愪功鐩紙鎽橀�夛級</span
+ >
+ </p>
+ <p class="center">
+ <img class="img-0" alt="" src="../../images/0192-1.jpg" />
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="180">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(180) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗竷绔� 骞煎効鏃╄捣闃呰娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">173</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p class="center">
+ <span class="zt-ls1"
+ >鏁欒偛閮ㄧ粍缁囦笓瀹堕伌閫夋帹鑽愪竴鎵瑰辜鍎垮浘鐢讳功骞煎効鍥剧敾涔︽帹鑽愪功鐩紙鎽橀�夛級</span
+ >
+ </p>
+ <p class="center">
+ <img class="img-0" alt="" src="../../images/0192-1.jpg" />
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="181">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(181) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">174</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p class="center">
+ <img class="img-0" alt="" src="../../images/0192-1.jpg" />
+ </p>
+ <p class="right">锛堟暀鑲查儴 2021-10-27锛�</p>
+ <h2 id="b018">绗簩鑺傘��鏃╂湡闃呰娲诲姩鐨勮璁′笌缁勭粐鎸囧</h2>
+ <p>
+ 闃呰娲诲姩鏄湁鐩殑銆佹湁璁″垝鍦板彂灞曞辜鍎块槄璇昏兘鍔涳紝鍩瑰吇骞煎効鑹ソ闃呰涔犳儻鍜岄槄璇绘�佸害鐨勬椿鍔ㄣ�傘�婄翰瑕併�嬫槑纭妸鍩瑰吇骞煎効鐨勬棭鏈熼槄璇诲叴瓒ｅ拰鎶�鑳戒綔涓鸿瑷�棰嗗煙鐨勬暀鑲茬洰鏍囷紝銆婃寚鍗椼�嬫洿鏄槑纭皢骞煎効鐨勨�滈槄璇讳笌涔﹀啓鍑嗗鈥濆垎鍒椾笁涓叿浣撶洰鏍囷紙鐩爣1
+ 鍠滄鍚晠浜嬶紝鐪嬪浘涔︼紱鐩爣2 鍏锋湁鍒濇鐨勯槄璇荤悊瑙ｈ兘鍔涳紱鐩爣3
+ 鍏锋湁涔﹂潰琛ㄨ揪鐨勬効鏈涘拰鍒濇鎶�鑳斤級鏉ュ疄鐜般�傛棭鏈熼槄璇绘椿鍔ㄥ凡缁忔垚涓哄辜鍎垮洯璇█娲诲姩浠ュ強骞煎効鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓笉鍙垨缂虹殑涓�閮ㄥ垎銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="182">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(182) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗竷绔� 骞煎効鏃╄捣闃呰娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">175</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <h3 id="c047">涓�銆佹棭鏈熼槄璇绘椿鍔ㄨ璁＄殑鎸囧鎬濇兂</h3>
+ <h4 id="d121">锛堜竴锛夊鍏冮槄璇绘暀鑲茬悊蹇�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 澶氬厓闃呰鏁欒偛鏄负骞煎効鍒涜澶氬厓闃呰鐨勬儏澧冿紝缁欏辜鍎挎彁渚涘鍏冮槄璇荤殑寮曞锛屽府鍔╁辜鍎挎垚涓轰竴涓彲浠ョ嫭绔嬭嚜涓婚槄璇荤殑浜恒�傚叿浣撴潵璇达紝搴旇鍖呮嫭涓嬪垪鍥犵礌銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e132">1.鍒涜澶氬厓闃呰鐨勬儏澧�</h5>
+ <p class="center">
+ <img class="img-c" alt="" src="../../images/0195-1.jpg" />
+ </p>
+ <p class="img">鍥�7-9 鏌愬辜鍎块槄瑙堝涓�瑙�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鎶婂辜鍎垮甫鍏ラ槄璇讳笘鐣岀殑绗竴姝ワ紝灏辨槸婵�鍙戜粬浠殑闃呰鍏磋叮锛岃惀閫犱竴绉嶅鏉俱�佽嚜鐢辩殑闃呰姘涘洿锛屽垱璁句赴瀵屻�佹俯棣ㄧ殑闃呰鐜锛屼负寮曢骞煎効鍠滄闃呰鑰屽垱璁捐壇濂界殑蹇冪悊銆佹椂绌烘潯浠躲�備緥濡傦紝灏嗕功鏀惧湪鍥句功瀹ゅ紑鏀惧紡鐨勪功鏋朵笂锛屽涓撴敞闃呰骞煎効杩涜琛ㄦ壃榧撳姳鍙婃俯棣ㄩ槄璇诲尯瑙掔殑甯冪疆绛夛紝鏄縺鍙戝辜鍎跨儹鐖遍槄璇荤殑璧峰銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e133">2.閫夋嫨澶氬厓闃呰鐨勬潗鏂�</h5>
+ <p>澶氬厓鍖栫殑闃呰鏉愭枡鏈夊姪浜庝赴瀵屽辜鍎跨殑闃呰缁忛獙锛屽舰鎴愯壇濂介槄璇诲搧璐ㄣ��</p>
+ <p>
+ 浠庨槄璇绘潗鏂欑殑鍐呭鏂归潰鑰冭檻锛屾暀甯堝簲娉ㄦ剰棰樻潗鐨勫鏍峰寲銆佹枃浣撶殑澶氭牱鍖栵紝娑夊強骞煎効鐢熸椿銆佺瀛︾煡璇嗐�佺幆澧冮棶棰樸�佺敓鍛芥暀鑲层�佷翰鎯呭弸鎯呫�佹帰绱㈠巻闄╃瓑鍚勭棰樻潗锛涗粠浣撹鏉ヨ锛屾棦鍙互鏄辜鍎胯瘲姝屻�佹晠浜嬨�佹暎鏂囷紝涔熷彲浠ユ槸浼犺銆佺煡璇嗘�у浘涔︾瓑銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 浠庨槄璇绘潗鏂欑殑褰㈠紡鏂归潰鑰冭檻锛屾棦鍙互鏄浘鐢讳功銆佺敾鎶ャ�佹潅蹇楋紝涔熷彲浠ユ槸鑷埗鍥句功鎴栧悇绉嶆敹钘忓搧锛堝閭エ銆佸瓧鐢汇�侀棬绁ㄧ瓑锛夛紱鏃㈠彲浠ユ槸鍥墍鍐呭鐨勮嚜鐒朵汉宸ョ幆澧冿紙濡傚北姘淬�佹爲鏈ㄣ�佽姳鑽夈�侀洉濉戙�佽绀虹墝銆佸晢鏍囧箍鍛婄瓑锛夛紝涔熷彲浠ユ槸鍚勭瑙嗗惉璧勬枡锛堝纾佸甫銆佸够鐏墖銆佽棰戠瓑锛夋垨鑰呯敓鍔ㄦ湁瓒ｇ殑寮傚舰鍥句功锛堝浣撶幇闀块楣跨壒寰佺殑鈥滈暱棰堜功鈥濄�佹弿杩拌殨鐢熼暱杩囩▼鐨勨�滄鍙跺舰涔︹�濈瓑锛夈��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e134">3.灏濊瘯澶氬厓闃呰鐨勫舰寮�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効闃呰褰㈠紡锛屾棦鍙互鏄兘璇荤殑鍥句功锛屼篃鍙互鏄兘鎿嶄綔鐨勭珛浣撲功銆佺帺鍏蜂功銆佸竷涔︼紝杩樺彲浠ユ槸鑳藉惉鐨勬晠浜嬩功銆佽兘鐪嬬殑鎴忓墽琛ㄦ紨绛夈��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d122">锛堜簩锛夊垱鎰忛槄璇绘暀鑲茬悊蹇�</h4>
+ <p>鍒涙剰闃呰鏁欒偛鐞嗗康鍗宠骞煎効鐨勯槄璇昏繃绋嬪厖婊″垱鎰忋��</p>
+ <p>
+ 鍒涙剰闃呰鐨勭悊蹇碉紝涓�鏂归潰锛屾槸鎸囧辜鍎块槄璇荤殑鍐呭鏈韩鍏锋湁寰堝己鐨勫垱鎰忥紝骞煎効鍦ㄩ槄璇讳腑鍙互鍙戠幇鍜屾劅鎮熶綔鑰呯殑鍒涙剰锛岃幏寰楅槄璇荤殑蹇箰骞朵骇鐢熸寔缁殑鍔ㄦ満鎰挎湜銆傛墍浠ワ紝鍦ㄤ负骞煎効閫夋嫨闃呰鏉愭枡鏃跺彲浠ヤ粠鍒涙剰鐨勫舰璞″唴瀹广�佸垱鎰忕殑鍝茬悊鎯呮�濄�佸垱鎰忕殑鑹烘湳琛ㄧ幇涓変釜鏂归潰鏉ユ妸鎻★紝渚嬪锛岃壘鐟灺峰崱灏旂殑鍥剧敾涔﹀銆婂ソ楗跨殑姣涙瘺铏�嬨�婂ソ蹇欑殑铚樿洓銆嬨�婄埜鐖革紝鎴戣鏈堜寒銆嬬瓑閮界粰骞煎効鍒涢�犱簡涓�鐗囧垱鎰忛槄璇荤殑澶╁湴銆傚彟涓�鏂归潰锛屾槸鎸囧辜鍎块槄璇荤殑杩囩▼鍏呮弧浜嗗垱鎰忥紝鏁欒偛鑰呮寚瀵煎辜鍎块槄璇荤殑閲嶇偣鏄皢涓�鑸殑璇讳功瀛︿範鍙樻垚瀵屾湁鍒涢�犳剰涔夌殑娲诲姩杩囩▼锛屽紩瀵煎辜鍎垮湪闃呰瀛︿範涓厖鍒嗘兂璞″拰鍒涢�狅紝鏈�缁堝皢骞煎効鍩瑰吇鎴愪細鑷富闃呰銆佸叿鏈夊垱閫犵簿绁炵殑浜恒�傚垱鎰忛槄璇荤殑鏈�缁堢洰鐨勶紝鏄湪闃呰涓府鍔╁辜鍎垮舰鎴愭湁鏁堢殑闃呰绛栫暐杩涜�屽吇鎴愯嚜涓�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="183">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(183) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">176</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 闃呰鑳藉姏锛屽湪骞煎効闃呰涓涔犲弽鎬濄�侀鏈熴�佽川鐤戙�佸亣璁剧瓑閮芥槸閫氬線鏈夋晥闃呰绛栫暐鐨勫繀鐢变箣璺�備緥濡傦紝鍦ㄣ�婂ソ楗跨殑姣涙瘺铏�嬮噷锛屾暀甯堝彲浠ョ敤鈥滃鏋滀綘鏄竴鍙ソ楗跨殑姣涙瘺铏紝浣犱細鍚冧簺浠�涔堝ソ鍚冪殑涓滆タ鈥濇潵寮曞骞煎効鎯宠薄涓�涓柊鐨勬潯浠朵笅鐨勫悇绉嶅彲鑳芥儏鏅紝榧撳姳骞煎効鎯宠薄鍜屽垱閫犮��
+ </p>
+
+ <h4 id="d123">锛堜笁锛夋父鎴忛槄璇绘暀鑲茬悊蹇�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 娓告垙闃呰鏁欒偛锛屾槸灏嗕竴鑸殑娓告垙娲诲姩鍙樻垚瀵屾湁闃呰鎰忎箟鐨勬椿鍔ㄨ繃绋嬨�傝繖绉嶉槄璇荤悊蹇佃姹傛暀甯堝紩瀵煎辜鍎垮埄鐢ㄦ父鎴忕幆澧冧腑鐨勮瑷�璧勬枡杩涜娓告垙锛屽煿鍏诲辜鍎垮闃呰鐨勫叴瓒ｏ紝浠ュ強鐑埍闃呰鐨勬儏鎰熴��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 娓告垙闃呰鏁欒偛鍏锋湁涓や釜灞傞潰鐨勫惈涔夈�備竴鏂归潰鏄寚鎶婇槄璇诲綋浣滄父鎴忋�備互骞煎効瀵规父鎴忕殑鐑埍鏉ユ縺鍙戝辜鍎垮闃呰鐨勫叴瓒ｏ紝璁╁辜鍎垮湪娓告垙涓嚜鍙戝湴浜х敓闃呰鐨勫姩鏈哄拰鎰挎湜锛岃嚜鍙戝湴闃呰骞惰幏寰楅槄璇荤殑蹇箰銆傚彟涓�鏂归潰鏄紩瀵煎辜鍎垮湪娓告垙涓槄璇汇�傚湪骞煎効娓告垙涓紝鏁欒偛鑰呮洿澶氬湴鎶婃寚瀵艰涓鸿浆鍙樹负鏀寔鎬ц涓猴紝鍗抽�氳繃涓哄辜鍎跨殑娓告垙鐜甯冪疆涓板瘜鐨勮瑷�鏂囧瓧璧勬枡锛屽紩瀵煎辜鍎垮湪娓告垙涓涔犻槄璇汇��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 娓告垙闃呰鐨勭洰鏍囨槸鍩瑰吇骞煎効鐨勮嚜涓婚槄璇昏兘鍔涳紝鍦ㄦ父鎴忎腑鏁欏笀濡備綍淇冭繘骞煎効闃呰琛屼负鐨勫彂鐢熷憿锛熼鍏堣姹傚叧娉ㄦ父鎴忎笌闃呰鏈夋満缁撳悎鐨勭幆澧冿紱鍏舵鍦ㄦ父鎴忎腑鍙互閫氳繃浠ヤ笅鍑犱釜閫斿緞鏉ュ煿鍏伙細
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 涓�鏄彁渚涗笌鍥剧敾涔︽湁鍏崇殑鐜╁叿銆傛彁渚涚浉鍏崇帺鍏锋垨鏇夸唬鍝侊紝瀵瑰辜鍎跨悊瑙ｅ浘涔﹀唴瀹广�佸鍔犻槄璇诲叴瓒ｃ�佸缓绔嬪浘涔︿笌宸叉湁缁忛獙涔嬮棿鐨勮仈绯绘槸鏈夌泭鐨勶紝鐢氳嚦鐜╁叿鍙互鎴愪负鏈潵娓告垙鐨勨�滃紩瀛愨�濓紝浣垮緱鏁呬簨闃呰鐢辨娊璞″彉寰楁洿鍔犲叿浣擄紝骞堕檷浣庝簡閫氳繃鏂囨湰杩涜鎯宠薄鐨勮鐭ユ柟闈㈢殑鍥伴毦銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 浜屾槸榧撳姳骞煎効浠ユ父鎴忕殑鏂瑰紡瀵归槄璇诲唴瀹硅繘琛屽洖搴斻�傚綋闃呰寮曡捣寮虹儓鐨勬儏鎰熸椂锛岃鑹叉壆婕斻�佽韩浣撳姩浣滃氨鎴愪负骞煎効瀵瑰浘鐢讳功杩涜鍥炲簲鐨勪竴绉嶅舰寮忥紝杩欑澶氭劅瀹樼粡楠屼负骞煎効鐞嗚В鏁呬簨鍐呭銆佽鑹叉儏鎰熸彁渚涗簡鏂扮殑濂戞満銆傚湪娓告垙涓辜鍎垮彲浠モ�滄斁鎱⑩�濇晠浜嬭繘绋嬶紝杩欐牱灏卞彲浠モ�滈噸娓糕�濊嚜宸卞湪闃呰涓湁鐤戦棶鐨勫湴鏂广�傜敱浜庢湁娓告垙鍚屼即锛屽辜鍎胯繕鍙互鑾峰緱鍏朵粬浜哄鏁呬簨鐨勪笉鍚屾兂娉曘��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 涓夋槸榧撳姳骞煎効鎶婃晠浜嬪唴瀹逛互澶氱褰㈠紡琛ㄧ幇鍑烘潵銆傚舰寮忎笉浠呬粎鏄辜鍎挎垙鍓ц〃婕旓紝杩樺彲浠ユ槸鏁呬簨缁紪銆佷豢缂栨垨鍒涚紪锛涘彲浠ユ槸闃呰涓殑鍗冲叴琛ㄧ幇锛屼篃鍙互鏄槄璇诲悗鍑嗗鐨勮〃鐜帮紱鍙互鏄瑷�鐨勮〃鐜帮紝涔熷彲浠ユ槸鍔ㄤ綔鐨勮〃鐜帮紱鍙互鏄父鎴忛槄璇讳腑鐨勯槄璇伙紝涔熷彲浠ユ槸鍏朵粬娲诲姩涓殑浣撶幇锛屽璇█娓告垙锛堝缁曞彛浠わ級銆佺帺妫嬬洏娓告垙绛夛紝杩欎簺鍧囨湁鐩婁簬骞煎効璇█鎰忚瘑鐨勫彂灞曪紝鍥犱负杩欎簺娓告垙鎬х殑绀句細浜掑姩鏇村鏄撳惛寮曞辜鍎垮弬涓庛��
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c048">浜屻�佹棭鏈熼槄璇绘椿鍔ㄧ殑璁捐鍜岀粍缁�</h3>
+ <p>
+ 鐢变簬鏃╂湡闃呰娲诲姩鍏锋湁鏁村悎鎬х壒鐐癸紝鏁欏笀鏃㈣鍩瑰吇骞煎効鑹ソ鐨勯槄璇讳範鎯�佹纭殑闃呰鏂规硶銆佸繀瑕佺殑闃呰鎶�鑳斤紝鍙堣璁╁辜鍎跨悊瑙ｉ槄璇诲唴瀹广�佷綋楠岄槄璇绘枃鏈墍钑村惈鐨�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="184">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(184) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗竷绔� 骞煎効鏃╄捣闃呰娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">177</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鎬佸害鎯呮劅锛屽洜姝ゆ棭鏈熼槄璇绘椿鍔ㄥ湪缁勭粐鍜屽疄鏂界殑杩囩▼涓渶瑕佸叧娉ㄥ鏂归潰鍥犵礌銆傚悓鏃讹紝骞煎効鏃╂湡闃呰娲诲姩鍖呭惈鍓嶉槄璇汇�佸墠璇嗗瓧銆佸墠涔﹀啓涓夌鍐呭鐨勬椿鍔紝鑰岃繖涓夌鍐呭鐨勬棭鏈熼槄璇绘椿鍔ㄨ杈惧埌鐨勬暀鑲茬洰鏍囧張瀛樺湪涓�瀹氬樊寮傦紝杩欑宸紓浣垮緱鏃╂湡闃呰娲诲姩鐨勮璁′笌缁勭粐闇�瑕佹牴鎹椿鍔ㄥ唴瀹圭殑涓嶅悓鑰屾湁鎵�渚ч噸銆傛澶栵紝璇绘湰绫诲瀷鐨勪笉鏂赴瀵岋紝濡傜數瀛愰槄璇荤殑澧炲姞锛岃�屽悓鏍锋槸鍥剧敾涔﹂槄璇伙紝鍙堟湁鏁呬簨绫诲浘鐢讳功銆佽瘲姝岀被鍥剧敾涔︺�佺煡璇嗙被鍥剧敾涔︿箣鍒嗭紝杩欎娇寰楁棭鏈熼槄璇绘椿鍔ㄧ殑璁捐鍜屽疄鏂藉嚭鐜颁簡鏂扮殑鐗瑰緛銆傚湪姝わ紝鎴戜滑鎺㈣鏃╂湡闃呰娲诲姩鐨勮璁″拰瀹炴柦鐨勫熀鏈楠わ紝涓烘暀甯堝畬鎴愭棭鏈熼槄璇绘椿鍔ㄨ璁℃彁渚涘弬鑰冦��
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk">
+ <div class="bk1">
+ <p><span class="bj2">骞煎効鍥暀甯堣祫鏍艰瘉鑰冭瘯路鑰冪偣棰勬祴</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-2">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="../../images/tb-1.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鏄疄鐜拌瑷�鏁欒偛鐩爣鐨勬湁鏁堥�斿緞锛屾槸缁勭粐鍜岃惤瀹炶瑷�鏁欒偛浠诲姟鐨勫叿浣撴墜娈点�傝瑷�棰嗗煙鐨勬棭鏈熼槄璇绘椿鍔ㄨ璁℃槸鏁欏笀璧勬牸璇佽�冭瘯鐨勫懡棰橀噸鐐广��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 姣斿锛屽皾璇曚互鈥滄垜鐨勫濡堚�濅负涓婚锛岃璁′竴涓辜鍎垮洯鏌愬勾榫勭彮娲诲姩鏂规銆�
+ <span class="btn-box" @click="showAnswer1 = !showAnswer1">
+ <svg
+ xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
+ width="20.501"
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+ d="M3344.717-15308.5H3337.4a10.186,10.186,0,0,1-7.25-3,10.185,10.185,0,0,1-3-7.25A10.262,10.262,0,0,1,3337.4-15329a10.26,10.26,0,0,1,10.249,10.248,10.129,10.129,0,0,1-2.2,6.341v3.177A.734.734,0,0,1,3344.717-15308.5Zm-9.606-7.29h4.493l.527,1.419c.071.182.156.386.254.608a2.428,2.428,0,0,0,.273.512.986.986,0,0,0,.315.262.971.971,0,0,0,.454.1,1.05,1.05,0,0,0,.773-.327,1.025,1.025,0,0,0,.319-.723,3.3,3.3,0,0,0-.277-1.051l-.062-.161-2.889-7.313c-.119-.321-.228-.607-.335-.873a2.972,2.972,0,0,0-.323-.616,1.56,1.56,0,0,0-.5-.469,1.552,1.552,0,0,0-.781-.181,1.535,1.535,0,0,0-.773.181,1.475,1.475,0,0,0-.5.477,3.674,3.674,0,0,0-.362.739l-.239.627-.054.135-2.824,7.355c-.095.229-.179.46-.25.688a1.529,1.529,0,0,0-.073.477.978.978,0,0,0,.323.72,1.039,1.039,0,0,0,.746.315.838.838,0,0,0,.716-.3,4.676,4.676,0,0,0,.466-.985l.062-.165.527-1.449Zm3.747-1.5h-3.293l1.812-5.124,1.481,5.123Z"
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+ </svg>
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+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p v-if="showAnswer1">
+ <b>绛旈鎬濊矾锛�</b
+ >杩欎釜娲诲姩鏂规鏃㈠彲浠ヨ璁℃垚涓�涓患鍚堜富棰樻椿鍔ㄦ柟妗堬紝鍦ㄤ笉鍚岄鍩熶互鍒嗕富棰樺舰寮忓紑灞曪紝濡傝瑷�棰嗗煙锛堟棭鏈熼槄璇绘椿鍔ㄣ�佸辜鍎挎枃瀛︿綔鍝佹椿鍔ㄣ�佽皥璇濇垨璁茶堪娲诲姩绛夛級锛岀ぞ浼氶鍩燂紝鑹烘湳棰嗗煙绛夛紝涔熷彲浠ヤ互涓�涓鍩熶负涓伙紙濡傝瑷�棰嗗煙锛夊啀寤朵几鍒板叾浠栭鍩熴��
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ <h4 id="d124">锛堜竴锛夊垱璁炬儏澧冿紝寮曞彂闃呰鍏磋叮</h4>
+ <p>
+ 闃呰鍏磋叮鏄辜鍎夸翰杩戝浘涔︼紝楂樻晥寮�灞曟棭鏈熼槄璇绘椿鍔ㄧ殑蹇呰鏉′欢銆傚湪缁勭粐鏃╂湡闃呰娲诲姩涓紝閫氳繃涓�瀹氱殑鎵嬫鍒涜鎯呭锛屽紩瀵煎辜鍎胯嚜鐒惰繘鍏ラ槄璇绘皼鍥存槸鏁欏笀甯哥敤鐨勬柟娉曘�備互涓嬫槸鍑犵甯哥敤鐨勫鍏ユ縺瓒ｇ殑鏂规硶绀轰緥銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e135">1.璇█婵�瓒�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 姣斿锛岃寮�灞曘�婅毌铓撶殑鏃ヨ銆嬬殑闃呰娲诲姩锛屾暀甯堝彲浠ヤ粠骞煎効鐢熸椿缁忛獙鈥滃叧浜庤毌铓擄紝浣犱滑鐭ラ亾浠�涔堚�濇潵瀵煎叆锛涚劧鍚庣敤璇█婵�瓒ｂ�滀粖澶╄�佸笀甯︽潵涓�鏈緢濂界湅鐨勫浘鐢讳功锛屼綘浠兂鐪嬪悧鈥濓紝鏁欏笀鍑虹ず鍥句功锛屽憡璇夊辜鍎垮浘涔﹀悕绉帮紝骞跺甫棰嗗辜鍎跨敤涓�涓�瀵瑰簲鐨勬柟娉曡璇诲皝闈笂鐨勬眽瀛椼��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e136">2.鐜╁叿鏁欏叿婵�瓒�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 渚嬶細锛堟暀甯堝嚭绀轰竴瀵瑰厰瀛愯�虫湹鐨勭帺鍏凤級鐪嬬湅鑰佸笀鎵嬮噷鐨勮繖涓暱闀跨殑涓滆タ鍍忎粈涔堬紵灏忓厰瀛愰暱闀跨殑鑰虫湹鑳藉共浠�涔堬紵鏈変竴鏈功灏卞彨銆婇暱闀跨殑鈥︹�︺�嬶紝閲岄潰鏈夎澶氬皬鍔ㄧ墿涔熼暱鏈夐暱闀跨殑涓�鏍蜂笢瑗匡紝鎴戜滑涓�璧锋潵鐪嬬湅銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e137">3.灏侀潰婵�瓒�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 渚嬩竴锛氳瀵熷皝闈紝璇磋灏侀潰涓婃湁璋侊紵灏忕尓锛熺嫄鐙革紵灏侀潰涓婂啓鐨勪粈涔堝悕瀛楋紵銆婃垜鐨勫垢杩愪竴澶┿�嬶紝閭ｄ粈涔堟槸骞歌繍鍛紵鏄皝鐨勫垢杩愪竴澶╋紵
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 渚嬩簩锛氳骞煎効瑙傚療灏侀潰锛岄棶鈥滆繖涓婇潰鏈変粈涔堚�濃�滆繖鏈功鐨勫悕瀛楀彨鈥樺ソ楗跨殑姣涙瘺铏�欙紝涓轰粈涔堣瀹冨ソ楗垮憿鈥濓紝浠庤�屾縺鍙戝辜鍎块槄璇诲浘鐢讳功鐨勬効鏈涖��
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="185">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(185) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">178</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <h4 id="d125">锛堜簩锛夋湁姝ラ闃呰锛屽紑灞曢槄璇绘寚瀵�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鐨勯槄璇昏繃绋嬫槸涓�涓鏉傜殑蹇冪悊杩囩▼銆傚湪杩欎釜杩囩▼涓紝骞煎効閫氳繃瑙傚療銆佹兂璞°�佹帰绌躲�佺悊瑙ｃ�佹儏鎰熻〃杈剧瓑涓嶆柇鏀归�犲師鏈夌殑鐭ヨ瘑缁忛獙骞剁敓鎴愭柊鐨勬剰涔夈�傚辜鍎块槄璇昏繃绋嬫槸涓�涓笉鏂缓鏋勭殑杩囩▼锛屾槸涓�涓辜鍎夸笌鍥剧敾涔﹀垱浣滆�呰繘琛屼氦娴併�佺悊瑙ｃ�佸璇濈殑杩囩▼銆傛湁姝ラ鍦板睍寮�闃呰杩囩▼锛屾棦绗﹀悎骞煎効鐨勫績鐞嗙壒鐐癸紝涔熸湁鍒╀簬鏁欏笀寮�灞曠浉搴旂殑闃呰鎸囧銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏈夋楠ょ殑闃呰涓�鑸寘鎷绉嶉槄璇绘柟寮忕殑浜や簰寮�灞曘�傚瀹屾暣闃呰銆佸垎娈甸槄璇讳笌绮鹃�夊浘鐗囬槄璇伙紝骞煎効鑷繁闃呰涓庡笀骞煎叡鍚岄槄璇伙紝澶т功闃呰涓庢瘡浜轰竴鏈皬涔﹂槄璇绘垨鍚屼即闃呰绛夈�傚湪涓嶅悓鐨勯槄璇绘柟寮忔湁姝ラ灞曞紑鐨勮繃绋嬩腑锛屾暀甯堣杩涜鐨勯槄璇绘寚瀵肩殑閲嶇偣涔熸湁鍖哄埆銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 渚嬪锛屽湪瀹屾暣闃呰涓紝鏁欏笀瑕佺潃閲嶅紩瀵煎辜鍎夸綋浼氬浘鐢讳功鐨勮瑷�銆佺敾闈€�佷汉鐗╁績鎯呫�佹枃鏈唴瀹瑰強鍐呮兜绛夛紝鍩瑰吇骞煎効鍦ㄩ槄璇昏繃绋嬩腑鐨勬�濈淮鑳藉姏鍜岃瑷�琛ㄨ揪鑳藉姏锛涘湪鍒嗘闃呰涓紝鏁欏笀搴旇鏇村鍦板紩瀵煎辜鍎垮鍥剧敾涔︾殑鍐呭杩涜鍙嶆�濆拰棰勬湡锛屽苟閫氳繃鍥剧敾涔︾殑鍐呭楠岃瘉棰勬湡锛屼互姝ゅ湪闃呰杩囩▼涓煿鍏诲辜鍎跨壒瀹氱殑闃呰棰勫鎶�鑳斤紱鍦ㄧ簿閫夊浘鐗囬槄璇讳腑锛屾暀甯堣娉ㄦ剰寮曞骞煎効鑱旂郴鑷繁鐨勭敓娲荤粡楠岋紝璇磋鑷繁鏈�鍠滄鍥句功涓殑鍝嚑椤碉紝涓轰粈涔堟渶鍠滄杩欏嚑椤点�備互姝ゅ煿鍏诲辜鍎垮湪闃呰杩囩▼涓綋楠岃嚜宸辨儏鎰熺殑鑳藉姏銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄥ笀骞煎叡鍚岄槄璇伙紙涓�鑸槸澶т功闃呰鎴栧埄鐢≒PT璇句欢闃呰锛変腑锛屾暀甯堣鍏虫敞骞煎効鐨勬墍鎬濇墍鎰燂紝瑕佺粍缁囦互骞煎効涓轰腑蹇冪殑璁ㄨ娲诲姩锛岄�氳繃涓庡悓浼寸殑鍗忓悓鍚堜綔銆佸缓鏋勬剰涔夊拰鍒嗕韩鍥炲簲鏉ュ煿鍏诲辜鍎垮湪闃呰杩囩▼涓殑鍊惧惉鍜屽洖搴旀妧鑳姐�傚湪骞煎効鑷繁闃呰锛堜竴鑸槸姣忎汉涓�鏈皬涔﹂槄璇绘垨鍚屼即闃呰锛変腑锛屾暀甯堣鍔犲己瀵归槄璇诲浘涔︽妧鑳界殑鎸囧锛屽寘鎷浣曠湅涔︼紝濡備綍缈婚〉锛屽浣曡瀵熷浘鐗囷紝濡備綍缁撳悎鎵�璁よ瘑鐨勫瓧鐚滄祴鐢婚潰鍐呭锛屽浣曚笌鍚屼即娌熼�氫氦娴佺瓑锛屽煿鍏诲辜鍎胯嚜涓婚槄璇荤殑鑳藉姏鍜屽吇鎴愯壇濂界殑闃呰涔犳儻銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d126">锛堜笁锛夊洿缁曢噸鐐瑰紑灞曟椿鍔紝鎺屾彙鏍稿績缁忛獙</h4>
+ <p>
+ 姣忎釜鏃╂湡闃呰娲诲姩閮芥湁鍏惰嚜韬殑閲嶇偣銆侀毦鐐癸紝閽堝闃呰鐨勫唴瀹逛笉鍚屻�佸弬涓庢椿鍔ㄧ殑骞煎効骞撮緞鍜岀煡璇嗙粡楠屼笉鍚岋紝姣忎釜鏃╂湡闃呰娲诲姩瑕佷紶閫掔殑鏍稿績缁忛獙涔熸湁鎵�涓嶅悓銆傛暀甯堝湪缁勭粐闃呰娲诲姩鏃讹紝瑕佸仛鍒板績涓湁鏁帮紝閽堝涓嶅悓鐨勯噸鐐规潵寮�灞曟椿鍔ㄣ�備緥濡傦紝鍓嶅浘涔﹂槄璇绘椿鍔ㄥ彲浠ュ洿缁曞唴瀹瑰紑灞曡〃婕斻�佹父鎴忋�佽杩扮瓑涓庡浘鐗囧唴瀹规湁鍏崇殑娲诲姩锛涘墠璇嗗瓧娲诲姩鍙互閫氳繃鈥滆涓�璁も�濃�滄嫾涓�鎷尖�濃�滄瘮涓�姣斺�濈瓑娲诲姩杩涗竴姝ュ珐鍥烘眽瀛楁瀯鎴愯寰嬬瓑鏍稿績缁忛獙锛涘墠涔﹀啓娲诲姩鍙互閫氳繃鎻忕敾銆佺敾绗﹀彿銆佷负灏忓姩鐗╂壘瀹讹紙璁よ瘑鐢板瓧鏍硷級绛夋椿鍔ㄥ府鍔╁辜鍎跨Н绱墠涔﹀啓缁忛獙銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d127">锛堝洓锛夊紑灞曢槄璇诲欢浼告椿鍔�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄦ棭鏈熼槄璇绘椿鍔ㄤ腑锛屽骞煎効鐨勫墠鍥句功闃呰銆佸墠璇嗗瓧鑳藉姏銆佸墠涔﹀啓鑳藉姏鐨勫煿鍏讳笉鏄竴娆℃垨鍑犳闃呰娲诲姩灏卞彲浠ュ畬鎴愮殑锛岃�屾槸涓�涓惊搴忔笎杩涖�侀�愭绉疮銆佺ǔ姝ユ彁鍗囩殑杩囩▼銆傚洜姝わ紝鏁欏笀蹇呴』鏍戠珛闀挎湡鏁欒偛鐨勮蹇碉紝姣忎釜闃呰娲诲姩缁撴潫涔嬪悗锛屽彲浠ョ粍缁囧紑灞曚笌闃呰娲诲姩鐩稿叧鐨勫欢浼告椿鍔紝璁╁辜鍎胯繘涓�姝ュ珐鍥哄拰鍔犲己鏃╂湡闃呰娲诲姩涓牳蹇冪粡楠岀殑瀛︿範銆傚閫氳繃鍖哄煙娲诲姩涓殑璁叉晠浜嬫椿鍔ㄣ�佽〃婕旀父鎴忋�佺画缂栧垱缂栥�佹湕璇绘椿鍔紝浠ュ強
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="186">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(186) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗竷绔� 骞煎効鏃╄捣闃呰娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">179</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 瀹跺洯閰嶅悎鐨勫浘涔﹀埗浣滄椿鍔ㄣ�佷翰瀛愬叡璇绘椿鍔ㄧ瓑鍐呭寤朵几鏃╂湡闃呰娲诲姩鐨勬暀鑲插姛鑳斤紝浠ヤ究鏇存繁鍏ュ湴鏀寔鏃╂湡闃呰娲诲姩鐨勬垚鏋溿��
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">鐩稿叧閾炬帴</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-5">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="../../images/tb-5.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <span class="zt-ls1"
+ >鎬濊�冿細鍥剧敾涔﹂槄璇讳笌鏁呬簨鏁欏鐨勫尯鍒槸浠�涔堬紵<a id="w13"></a
+ ><a href="chapter007.html#m13"><sup>[13]</sup></a></span
+ >
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効闃呰鐨勫ぇ澶氭暟鏄晠浜嬬被鐨勫浘鐢讳功锛屾暀甯堝湪寮�灞曞浘鐢讳功闃呰娲诲姩鏃讹紝浣跨敤鐨勪篃澶ч儴鍒嗘槸鏁呬簨绫荤殑鍥剧敾涔︼紝浣嗚澶氭暀甯堝湪鍥剧敾涔﹂槄璇绘椿鍔ㄤ腑锛屽父甯镐笉鑷鍦板氨鎶婂浘鐢讳功闃呰娲诲姩缁勭粐鎴愪簡鏈夋彃鍥撅紙鎸傚浘锛夌殑鏁呬簨鏁欏娲诲姩锛岄偅涔堝浘鐢讳功闃呰鍜屾晠浜嬫暀瀛︿箣闂寸殑鍖哄埆鍒板簳鏄粈涔堬紵
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 涓嶅彲鍚﹁锛屽湪鍥剧敾涔﹂槄璇绘椿鍔ㄥ拰鏁呬簨鏁欏涓紝骞煎効閮借鐞嗚В鏁呬簨鐨勬儏鑺傦紝閮戒細鏈夊鏁呬簨涓瘝姹囩殑鐞嗚В锛屼篃閮戒細鏈夊浜虹墿鐗瑰緛鐨勮瘎鍒ゃ�備絾涓よ�呮渶閲嶈鐨勫尯鍒湪浜庯細涓よ�呯粰骞煎効鎻愪緵鐨勮瑷�瀛︿範鍜屽彂灞曠殑鏍稿績缁忛獙鏄笉鍚岀殑銆傚浜庡浘鐢讳功闃呰娲诲姩鏉ヨ锛屾渶閲嶈鐨勪环鍊兼槸涓哄辜鍎挎彁渚涢槄璇绘牳蹇冪粡楠岀殑瀛︿範鍜屽彂灞曠殑鏈轰細锛岄�氳繃杩欎簺鏍稿績缁忛獙鐨勫涔犲拰鍙戝睍锛屽辜鍎挎渶缁堟垚闀夸负涓�涓垵姝ョ殑鑷富闃呰鑰呫�傚洜姝わ紝鍦ㄩ槄璇绘椿鍔ㄤ腑锛屾椿鍔ㄧ洰鏍囧簲渚ч噸鍦ㄩ槄璇绘牳蹇冪粡楠岀殑鎻愬崌鍜屽彂灞曚笂锛屽湪鏁欏鐨勫叿浣撶幆鑺備笂锛屼篃寮鸿皟骞煎効鑷富缈讳功闃呰銆佸鐢婚潰鐨勮瀵熴�佸闃呰鍐呭鐨勭寽娴嬨�佸亣璁惧拰楠岃瘉锛岃骞煎効涓昏鍦ㄨ锛堝挨鍏舵槸鑷富闃呰锛変腑鑾峰緱鍥剧敾涔︾殑鏁呬簨鎯呰妭鍐呭銆傝�屽湪鏁呬簨鏁欏娲诲姩涓紝娲诲姩鐩爣搴斾晶閲嶅府鍔╁辜鍎夸簡瑙ｆ晠浜嬫儏鑺傦紝鎺屾彙鏂拌瘝璇紝浠跨紪鎴栫画缂栨儏鑺傜瓑鏍稿績缁忛獙涓婏紝鍦ㄦ暀瀛︾殑鍏蜂綋鐜妭涓紝涓昏鏄骞煎効閫氳繃鍊惧惉鏉ョ悊瑙ｆ晠浜嬫儏鑺傘��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍥犳锛屽湪寮�灞曞浘鐢讳功闃呰鏁欏娲诲姩鏃讹紝澶у涓�瀹氳鐗瑰埆鍒嗘瀽鑷繁鎵�寮�灞曠殑娲诲姩鏄惁鑳藉淇冭繘骞煎効闃呰鏍稿績缁忛獙鐨勫彂灞曪紝濡傛灉灏嗕竴鏈浘鐢讳功闃呰娲诲姩鍙槸缁勭粐鎴愪簡涓�娆℃湁PPT鐨勬晠浜嬫暀瀛︼紝閭ｅ氨涓уけ浜嗕績杩涘辜鍎块槄璇绘牳蹇冪粡楠屽彂灞曠殑澶уソ鏈轰細銆�
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">娲诲姩妗堜緥7-1</span></p>
+ <div class="tp">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <b
+ >闃呰娲诲姩锛氥�婃垜鐖哥埜銆嬶紙澶х彮锛�<a id="w14"></a
+ ><a href="chapter007.html#m14"><sup>[14]</sup></a></b
+ >
+ </p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩鐩爣锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�1锛夊枩娆㈣嚜宸辩殑鐖哥埜锛岃兘鐢ㄦ瘮鎷熺殑鏂瑰紡琛ㄨ揪鐖哥埜鐨勭壒鐐癸紝鍒濇瀛︿範鐢ㄢ�滄垜鐨勭埜鐖稿儚鈥︹�︿竴鏍封�︹�︹�濊繘琛岃杩般��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�2锛夌悊瑙ｅ浘鐢讳腑鐖哥埜鎵�鍙樺寲褰㈣薄鐨勬剰涔夛紝灏濊瘯鐢ㄥ舰璞＄敓鍔ㄧ殑璇█璁茶堪鐖哥埜鐨勭壒寰併��
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�3锛夊垎浜鍥剧殑涔愯叮锛屽湪鎷撳睍鎯宠薄涓劅鍙楃埜鐖告祿娴撶殑鐖辨剰銆�</p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩鍑嗗锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�1锛夌墿璐ㄥ噯澶囷細PPT璇句欢锛岀埜鐖哥殑鐓х墖锛屼笁缁勫姩鐗╁浘鐗囷紙A缁勪负绌轰腑椋炵殑鐕曞瓙銆�
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m13"></a><a href="chapter007.html#w13">[13]</a>
+ 鍒樺疂鏍�.瀛﹀墠骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵糩M].涓婃捣锛氬崕涓滃笀鑼冨ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2014锛�37.鏈夋敼鍔�.
+ </p>
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m14"></a><a href="chapter007.html#w14">[14]</a>
+ http锛�//wenku.baidu.com/view/e396005e5a8102d277a22f5b.html锛焒rom=search.2016-10-26.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="187">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(187) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">180</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 铚滆渹銆佽溁铚撶瓑锛汢缁勪负闄嗗湴涓婄殑澶у瀷鍔ㄧ墿璞瑰瓙銆侀暱棰堥箍绛夊拰灏忓瀷鍔ㄧ墿铓傝殎銆佽湗铔涚瓑锛汣缁勪负姘翠腑娓哥殑楸肩瓑锛夈��
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�2锛夌粡楠屽噯澶囷細浜嗚В涓夌粍鍥剧墖涓姩鐗╃殑鍏稿瀷鐗瑰緛銆�</p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩杩囩▼锛�</b></p>
+ <p>涓�銆佸睍绀虹埜鐖哥殑鐓х墖锛屽鍏ユ椿鍔�</p>
+ <p>锛�1锛夋暀甯堬細姣忎釜灏忔湅鍙嬮兘鏈夎嚜宸辩殑鐖哥埜锛岀灖锛佷粬浠兘鍒拌繖閲屾潵浜嗐��</p>
+ <p>锛堣鐪� PPT1鈥滅埜鐖镐滑鐨勭収鐗団�濓級璇风敤涓�鍙ヨ瘽鍚戝ぇ瀹朵粙缁嶄綘鐨勭埜鐖稿惂銆�</p>
+ <p>鏁欏笀灏忕粨锛氬皬鏈嬪弸鐨勭埜鐖稿悇涓嶇浉鍚岋紝鏈夊緢澶氱壒鐐广��</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�2锛夋暀甯堬細鏈変竴浣嶅彨甯冩湕鐨勮嫳鍥藉皬鏈嬪弸涔熻鍚戝ぇ瀹朵粙缁嶄粬鐨勭埜鐖搞�傛垜浠竴璧锋潵鐪嬬湅浠栫殑鐖哥埜锛堣鐪婸PT2鈥滃仛楝艰劯鐨勭埜鐖糕�濓級銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�3锛夋暀甯堬細杩欎釜鐖哥埜鍦ㄥ共浠�涔堬紵锛堝瀛︾埜鐖哥殑鏍峰瓙锛変綘瑙夊緱浠栨槸涓粈涔堟牱鐨勭埜鐖革紵锛堝垵姝ユ劅鍙楃埜鐖稿緢閫楃殑鐗圭偣锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀灏忕粨锛氱湅璧锋潵杩欐槸涓彲鐖卞張鏈夎叮鐨勭埜鐖稿摝锛佷粬绌剁珶浼氭槸涓粈涔堟牱鐨勭埜鐖稿憿锛熸垜浠竴璧锋潵鐪嬬湅鍚с��
+ </p>
+ <p>浜屻�佸垎娈佃祻鏋愮粯鏈紝寮曞彂璁ㄨ</p>
+ <p>1.鍑虹ずPPT3锝�5锛堝唴瀹逛负鐖哥埜鍞辨瓕銆佽窇姝ワ級</p>
+ <p>A.鍞辨瓕銆傛暀甯堬細浣犵湅鍒颁簡璋侊紵鐖哥埜鍦ㄥ摢閲屽敱姝岋紵鍜岃皝涓�璧峰敱鐨勶紵</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀灏忕粨锛氱埜鐖稿湪鑸炲彴涓婂拰姝屽敱瀹朵竴璧峰敱姝岋紝浠栫殑鏃佽竟鏄湁鍚嶇殑涓栫晫鐢烽珮闊虫瓕鍞卞鍝︼紝鐖哥埜鍜屼粬浠悓鍙版紨鍑猴紝涓�瀹氭槸闈炲父鑷俊鐨勶紒
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ B.璺戞銆傛暀甯堬細鐖哥埜寰椾簡绗嚑鍚嶏紵浠栧拰璋佷竴璧疯禌璺戯紵浣犱粠鍝噷鐪嬪嚭鏉ョ殑锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀灏忕粨锛氬拰杩欎簺鏈夊悕鐨勮繍鍔ㄥ憳璧涜窇锛岃�屼笖杩樺緱浜嗙涓�锛佹湁杩欐牱涓�浣嶇埜鐖革紝妫掓瀬浜嗭紒
+ </p>
+ <p>2.鍑虹ずPPT6锝�8锛堢埜鐖歌繛澶ч噹鐙奸兘涓嶆�曪級</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氱埜鐖哥殑鍔ㄤ綔鏄粈涔堟牱鐨勶紵鎴戜滑涓�璧峰瀛︾埜鐖哥殑鏍峰瓙锛佺寽涓�鐚滀粬浼氬澶ч噹鐙艰浠�涔堛�備粬鐖哥埜鏈変粈涔堟湰棰嗗憿锛熺埜鐖告槸鍥犱负璋佹墠杩欐牱鍕囨暍锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>鏁欏笀灏忕粨锛氬锛佸洜涓鸿淇濇姢瀛╁瓙锛岀埜鐖哥壒鍒媷鏁紒</p>
+ <p>3.鍑虹ずPPT9锝�11锛堝唴瀹逛负澶х尒鐚┿�侀奔銆佺尗澶撮拱锛�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氱埜鐖哥殑鏈杩樹笉姝㈣繖浜涘憿锛屽竷鏈楃敤涓�绉嶆湁瓒ｇ殑鏂瑰紡锛屾妸鐖哥埜鐨勬湰棰嗚棌鍒板姩鐗╃殑韬笂锛屽悜澶у浠嬬粛鐖哥埜鏇村鐨勬湰棰嗐��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ A.澶х尒鐚┿�傛暀甯堬細杩欐槸澶х尒鐚╄繕鏄埜鐖革紵澶х尒鐚╁拰鐖哥埜鐨勫摢涓壒鐐瑰緢鍍忓憿锛熷竷鏈楁兂鍛婅瘔鎴戜滑浠�涔堝憿锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀灏忕粨锛氭妸鐖哥埜姣旀垚澶х尒鐚╋紝甯冩湕鏄兂鍛婅瘔澶у鈥滄垜鐨勭埜鐖稿儚澶х尒鐚╀竴鏍锋湁鍔涙皵鈥濄��
+ </p>
+ <p>B.楸笺�傛暀甯堬細鐖哥埜鐨勪粈涔堟湰棰嗗儚楸间竴鏍峰憿锛�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀灏忕粨锛氣�滄垜鐨勭埜鐖稿儚楸间竴鏍锋父寰楀揩鈥濓紝鎶婄埜鐖告瘮鎴愰奔锛岃鏄庡竷鏈楃殑鐖哥埜鏄釜
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="188">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(188) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗竷绔� 骞煎効鏃╄捣闃呰娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">181</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>娓告吵楂樻墜銆�</p>
+ <p>C.鐚ご楣般�傛暀甯堬細鐖哥埜鐨勪粈涔堟湰棰嗗儚鐚ご楣板憿锛�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀灏忕粨锛氬竷鏈楃殑鐖哥埜鑷俊锛屽媷鏁紝涓嶆�曡緵鑻︼紝鍍忓ぇ鐚╃尒涓�鏍锋湁鍔涙皵锛屽儚楸间竴鏍锋父寰楀揩锛岃繕鍍忕尗澶撮拱涓�鏍疯仾鏄庛�傚叾瀹烇紝鍦ㄤ綘鐨勭埜鐖搞�佷粬鐨勭埜鐖搞�佹垜鐨勭埜鐖歌韩涓婁篃鏈夎璁稿澶氱殑鏈銆備綘浼氱敤甯冩湕鐨勫姙娉曪紝涔熸妸鐖哥埜鐨勪紭鐐硅棌鍒板姩鐗╄韩涓婏紝澶镐竴澶哥埜鐖稿悧锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>涓夈�佸�熷姪鍔ㄧ墿鍥剧墖锛屽紩瀵艰〃杈�</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�1锛夊嚭绀篜PT12锛堢埜鐖镐滑鐨勭収鐗囷級锛屾暀甯堬細浣犵殑鐖哥埜鏈変粈涔堟湰棰嗭紵鍍忎粈涔堝姩鐗╀竴鏍凤紵锛堝紩瀵煎辜鍎胯繍鐢ㄢ�滄垜鐨勭埜鐖稿儚鈥︹�︿竴鏍封�︹�︹�濈殑鍙ュ瀷琛ㄨ揪鐖哥埜鐨勭壒鐐广�傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�2锛夋暀甯堜粙缁嶅姩鐗╁浘鐗囧睍绀哄彴锛岃骞煎効灏嗙埜鐖哥殑鐗圭偣涓庡姩鐗╃被姣旓紝骞跺皢鍔ㄧ墿鍥剧墖璐村湪鐖哥埜鐓х墖鏃併��
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�3锛夊辜鍎挎嬁鍑虹埜鐖哥殑鐓х墖锛屽垎缁勮繘琛屽尮閰嶏紝骞跺拰鏃佽竟鐨勫皬鏈嬪弸浜ゆ祦銆�</p>
+ <p>锛�4锛夎骞煎効灞曠ず鍥剧墖锛屽苟璁茶堪鈥滄垜鐨勭埜鐖稿儚鈥︹�︿竴鏍封�︹�︹��</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀灏忕粨锛氬垰鎵嶏紝鎴戜滑鍒嗗埆璁茶堪浜嗚嚜宸辩殑鐖哥埜銆傜幇鍦紝鎴戜滑涓�璧峰畬鏁村湴娆ｈ祻甯︾粰鎴戜滑鍚彂鐨勭粯鏈�婃垜鐖哥埜銆嬨��
+ </p>
+ <p>鍥涖�侀泦浣撻厤涔愰槄璇伙紝鎰熺煡缁樻湰</p>
+ <p>鍑虹ずPPT13锝�37锛屾暀甯堢紦缂撹杩帮紝骞舵彁閱掑瀛愬叧娉ㄥ浘鐢荤殑缁嗗井鍙樺寲銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀灏忕粨锛氬師鏉ワ紝鐖哥埜鍜屽濡堜竴鏍凤紝娣辨繁鍦扮埍鐫�鎴戜滑锛屾垜浠篃鐖辨垜浠殑鐖哥埜銆傚氨璁╂垜浠妸杩欎唤鐖变紶閫掍笅鍘汇��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <b>鍒嗘瀽锛�</b
+ >缁樻湰銆婃垜鐖哥埜銆嬫槸钁楀悕鎻掑浘澶у笀瀹変笢灏悸峰竷鏈椾负绾康鑷繁鐨勭埗浜蹭笓闂ㄥ垱浣滅殑锛屾俯棣ㄧ殑鐢婚潰銆佽嚜璞殑鍙ｅ惢锛屽睍鐜颁簡涓�涓�滅湡鐨勫緢妫掆�濈殑鐖哥埜褰㈣薄銆備綔鑰呬互瀛╁瓙鐨勮瑙掞紝澶╃湡銆佽嚜璞湴浠嬬粛鐖哥埜鐨勫悇绉嶆湰棰嗭紝鍙堢敤澶稿紶鐨勬墜娉曪紝鎶婄埜鐖哥殑鍚勭鐗圭偣姣旀嫙鎴愬姩鐗╋紝濡傗�滄垜鐖哥埜鍚冨緱鍍忛┈涓�鏍峰锛屾父寰楀儚楸间竴鏍峰揩鈥濓紝鍐嶉厤涓婄埜鐖稿彉鎴愬姩鐗╂ā鏍风殑鐢婚潰锛岀洿鎺ュ皢鈥滅埜鐖糕�濈殑鍚勭鐗圭偣灞曠幇鍦ㄨ鑰呴潰鍓嶏紝浠よ鑰呰�崇洰涓�鏂般�傛俯棣ㄣ�佸姩鎯呯殑鎻忚堪锛岀壒娈娿�佸彲鐖辩殑姣旀嫙锛岃鍒濇闃呰鐨勬垜蹇嶄繆涓嶇銆傚啀娆＄粏缁嗚鍥撅紝鍙堣鎴戞繁鍙楁劅鍔ㄣ�備簬鏄紝鏈変簡鍜屽瀛愪滑鍏卞悓鍒嗕韩闃呰鐨勬�濊�冦��
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">娲诲姩妗堜緥7-2</span></p>
+ <div class="tp">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <b
+ >鏃╂湡闃呰娲诲姩锛氱埛鐖蜂竴瀹氭湁鍔炴硶锛堝ぇ鐝級<a id="w15"></a
+ ><a href="chapter007.html#m15"><sup>[15]</sup></a></b
+ >
+ </p>
+ <p><b>浣滃搧鍒嗘瀽锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 銆婄埛鐖蜂竴瀹氭湁鍔炴硶銆嬫槸鍔犳嬁澶уコ浣滃鑿叉瘮路鍚夊皵鏇煎嚭鐗堢殑绗竷鏈功锛屽彇鏉愪簬鐘瑰お姝屾洸锛屾槸缁樻湰浣滃搧涓殑缁忓吀涔嬩綔銆傚湪娲诲姩涓紝鎴戦�夋嫨浜嗕竴鏉′富绾匡紙姣涙鐨勫彉鍖栵級鍜屼袱鏉″壇绾匡紙濡瑰鐨勬瘺姣拰灏忚�侀紶涓�瀹剁殑甯冭壓鍒朵綔锛夈�傞櫎姝や箣澶栨湰涔﹁繕鏈夊緢澶氱湅鐐癸紝濡傛湸瀹炵殑鐡︾墖锛屾湪璐ㄧ殑鎴垮眿锛屽揩涔愮殑澶ц锛屽眿鍐呬竴瀹朵汉娓╅Θ鐢熸椿鐨勬儏鏅紝缁撳熬澶勭殑缁濆閫㈢敓锛岃交宸ц瘲鎰忕殑鍛婂埆锛岄灏剧浉杩炲舰鎴愪簡涓�涓棤鍙寫鍓旂殑鍦嗐��
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m15"></a><a href="chapter007.html#w15">[15]</a>
+ 娲诲姩璁捐銆佹巿璇炬暀甯堬細娌冲寳鐪佹壙寰峰競绗竴骞煎効鍥棲鏅撲紵.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="189">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(189) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">182</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 锛堟湰娆℃椿鍔ㄥ洜涓鸿鏃跺師鍥狅紝閫夋潗鍒犳帀浜嗏�滈甯︹�旀墜甯曗�旂航鎵ｂ�濊繖涓�鐗囨锛屼负姹傜粯鏈粨鏋勭殑瀹屾暣銆傦級
+ </p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩鐩爣锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�1锛夐�氳繃姝ゆ椿鍔紝骞煎効瀛︿細閲嶅鎬ц鍙ワ細鐖风埛涓�瀹氭湁鍔炴硶锛佺埛鐖锋嬁璧峰濂楋紝缈昏繃鏉ワ紝鍙堢炕杩囧幓銆傜埛鐖锋嬁璧峰壀鍒�寮�濮嬪挴鍚便�佸挴鍚卞湴鍓紝鍐嶇敤閽堥蹇湴缂濊繘銆佺紳鍑猴紝缂濊繘銆佺紳鍑恒��
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�2锛夐�氳繃澶ц儐鍦板皾璇曘�佹兂璞★紝鐢ㄥ壀鍒�鍓嚭澶栧銆佽儗蹇冪瓑鐗╁搧銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�3锛夐�氳繃姝ゆ椿鍔ㄥ紩瀵煎辜鍎垮枩娆㈢粯鏈槄璇伙紝骞跺湪鏁呬簨涓劅鍙楃埛鐖风殑鐖卞拰鏅烘収銆�
+ </p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩鍑嗗锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 鍥剧敾涔︺�婄埛鐖蜂竴瀹氭湁鍔炴硶銆嬶紝PPT銆婄埛鐖蜂竴瀹氭湁鍔炴硶銆嬶紝鍓垁銆佸僵鑹茬焊鐩橈紝钃濊壊鏄熺┖鎵嬪伐绾革紙绾︾憻澶栧鐨勫浘妗堬級锛岀Щ鍔ㄩ粦鏉匡紝纾佹墸绛夈��
+ </p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩杩囩▼锛�</b></p>
+ <p>1.甯歌鎻愮ず</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氣�滆灏忔湅鍙嬩滑鐪嬬湅妗屽瓙涓婇潰鏈変粈涔堬紵鈥濓紙涓�涓焊鐩橈紝绾哥洏涓嬮潰鏈変竴寮犵焊锛岀焊鐩樹笂闈㈡湁涓�鎶婂壀鍒�銆傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氣�滀竴浼氬効锛屾垜浠幓妗屽瓙鏃佽竟鍓焊锛屼笉鐢ㄦ惉妞呭瓙锛屽壀鍒�涓嶅彲浠ユ嬁涓嬫瀛愶紝鍓垁灏栦笉鑳藉鐫�鍒汉涔熶笉鑳藉鐫�鑷繁銆傗��
+ </p>
+ <p>2.鏁欏笀灞曠ず鍥剧敾涔︺�婄埛鐖蜂竴瀹氭湁鍔炴硶銆嬶紝寮曞骞煎効鐪嬪皝闈�</p>
+ <p>鏁欏笀锛氣�滃皝闈笂鏈夎皝锛熲�濓紙鐖风埛锛岀害鐟燂級</p>
+ <p>鏁欏笀鎸囧皝闈笂鐨勬枃瀛楀拰骞煎効涓�璧疯锛氣�滅埛鐖蜂竴瀹氭湁鍔炴硶銆傗��</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀鍑虹ずPPT銆婄埛鐖蜂竴瀹氭湁鍔炴硶銆嬪墠鐜‖椤碉紝鏁欏笀锛氣�滀綘鍦ㄥ摢鍎跨湅鍒颁簡杩欎釜鍥炬锛熲�濓紙绾︾憻鐨勮。鏈嶏級骞煎効鍥炵瓟瀹屾瘯锛屾暀甯堣繑鍥濸PT銆婄埛鐖蜂竴瀹氭湁鍔炴硶銆嬩笂涓�椤碉紝璇峰辜鍎块獙璇佺瓟妗堛��
+ </p>
+ <p>3.姣瓙鍙樺濂�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀涓�杈规挱鏀綪PT銆婄埛鐖蜂竴瀹氭湁鍔炴硶銆嬩竴杈硅鈥斺�斺�滃綋绾︾憻杩樻槸濞冨▋鐨勬椂鍊欙紝鐖风埛涓轰粬缂濅簡涓�鏉″濡欑殑姣瓙銆傛瀛愬張鑸掓湇锛屽張淇濇殩锛岃繕鍙互鎶婂櫓姊﹂�氶�氳刀璺戙�備笉杩囷紝绾︾憻娓愭笎闀垮ぇ浜嗭紝濂囧鐨勬瀛愪篃鍙樺緱鑰佹棫浜嗐�傛湁涓�澶╋紝濡堝瀵逛粬璇达細鈥樼害鐟燂紝鐪嬬湅浣犵殑姣瓙锛屽張鐮村張鏃э紝濂介毦鐪嬶紝鐪熻鎶婂畠涓簡銆傗�欌��
+ </p>
+ <p>鏁欏笀锛氣�滅害鐟熸効鎰忎涪鎺夋棫姣瓙鍚楋紵鈥濓紙涓嶆効鎰忥級</p>
+ <p>鏁欏笀锛氣�滄�庝箞鎵嶈兘涓嶈濡堝鎶婃棫姣瓙涓㈡帀鍛紵鈥�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀缁х画璁叉晠浜嬧�斺�斺�滅害鐟熻锛氣��<span class="u">鐖风埛涓�瀹氭湁鍔炴硶锛�</span
+ >鈥欑埛鐖锋嬁璧锋瀛愶紝<span class="u">缈昏繃鏉�</span>锛屽張<span class="u"
+ >缈昏繃鍘�</span
+ >銆傚棷锛岀埛鐖锋嬁璧峰壀鍒�寮�濮�<span class="u">鍜惐銆佸挴鍚�</span
+ >鍦板壀锛屽啀鐢ㄩ拡椋炲揩鍦�<span class="u">缂濊繘銆佺紳鍑猴紝缂濊繘銆佺紳鍑恒��</span
+ >锛堝姞閲嶇敾绾垮彞瀛愮殑璇皵锛屽姞娣卞辜鍎垮鍙ュ瓙鐨勫嵃璞★級鐖风埛璇达細鈥樿繖鍧楁枡瀛愯繕鑳藉鍋氣�︹�︹�欌��
+ </p>
+ <p>鏁欏笀锛氣�滄湁鍔炴硶鐨勫皬鏈嬪弸蹇兂涓�鎯筹紝鑳藉鍋氫粈涔堬紵鈥�</p>
+ <p>
+ 缁х画璁叉晠浜嬶紝鏁欏笀锛氣�滀竴浠跺濡欑殑澶栧銆傗�濇暀甯堝睍绀虹粰骞煎効钃濊壊鏄熺┖绾告暀鍏枫�傦紙鏄熺┖绾搁�夋潗涓虹幆琛拰绾︾憻澶栧鐨勫浘妗堬紝姝ゅ鏁欏笀鏃犻』璇█璁茶В锛屽辜鍎跨湅鍚庤嚜鐒舵儕鍠溿�傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀绀鸿寖鐢ㄥ绉扮殑鏂规硶鎶婃墜宸ョ焊鍓垚涓�浠跺濂椼�傚彛璇�涓猴細闀挎柟褰㈢殑鐭竟瀹屽叏瀵规姌锛屽乏鎵嬫姄浣忔墦涓嶅紑鐨勪竴杈癸紙鍙虫墜缈诲姩鑳芥墦寮�鐨勪竴鏉¤竟锛屽府鍔╁辜鍎胯蹇嗗鎶樻柟娉曪級鍓。鏈嶏紝鐣欒瀛愶紝鍘婚瀛愶紝鍓帀鐨勭焊鏀捐繘灏忕洏瀛愩�傦紙鏁欏笀鍒绘剰鎷夐暱鐣欏瓧锛岀洰鐨勬槸鎻愮ず骞煎効涓嶈兘涓�涓嬪壀鍒板簳銆傚幓棰嗗瓙鐜妭鏄湪涓嶈兘鎵撳紑鐨勪竴鏉¤竟澶勫壀鎺変竴涓皬涓夎褰€�傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効灏濊瘯鍓濂楋細鍓濂楃幆鑺傦紝鏈夌殑骞煎効閫熷害蹇紝鏈夌殑骞煎効閫熷害鎱紝鏁欏笀瑕佹湁鍩瑰吇骞煎効鍚堜綔鐨勬剰璇嗭紝璇烽�熷害蹇殑骞煎効鍘诲府鍔╅�熷害鎱㈢殑骞煎効瀹屾垚浠诲姟銆傛澶勯伩鍏嶅辜鍎挎嫋娌撹涓虹殑鏈夋晥璇█涓猴細鈥滃ぇ鐝殑灏忔湅鍙嬮�熷害灏辨槸蹇�傗�濅釜鍒辜鍎挎病鏈夊畬鎴愪换鍔★紝鏁欏笀涓嶇瓑寰咃紝涔熶笉鍌績銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>4.澶栧鍙樿儗蹇�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀鎾斁PPT銆婄埛鐖蜂竴瀹氭湁鍔炴硶銆嬬户缁鏁呬簨鈥斺�斺�滅害鐟熺┛涓婅繖浠跺濡欑殑澶栧锛屽紑蹇冨湴璺戝嚭鍘荤帺浜嗐�備笉杩囷紝绾︾憻娓愭笎闀垮ぇ锛屽濡欑殑澶栧涔熷彉寰楄�佹棫浜嗐�傛湁涓�澶╋紝濡堝瀵逛粬璇达細鈥樼害鐟燂紝鐪嬬湅浣犵殑澶栧锛岀缉姘翠簡锛屽彉灏忎簡锛屼竴鐐瑰効涔熶笉鍚堣韩锛岀湡璇ユ妸瀹冧涪浜嗭紒鈥欌��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀闂細鈥滅害鐟熸効鎰忎涪鎺夊濂楀悧锛熲�濓紙涓嶆効鎰忥級鈥滄�庝箞鎵嶈兘涓嶈濡堝鎶婂濂椾涪鎺夊憿锛熲�濓紙鐖风埛涓�瀹氭湁鍔炴硶锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀缁х画璁叉晠浜嬧�斺�斺�滅害鐟熻锛氣�樼埛鐖蜂竴瀹�<span class="u">鏈夊姙娉曪紒</span
+ >鈥欙紙鑰佸笀璇村嚭鐖风埛涓�瀹氾紝璁╁辜鍎挎帴鍑轰笅鍗婂彞锛夌埛鐖锋嬁璧锋瀛愶紝<span
+ class="u"
+ >缈昏繃鏉�</span
+ >锛屽張<span class="u">缈昏繃鍘�</span>銆傚棷锛岀埛鐖锋嬁璧峰壀鍒�寮�濮嬪挴鍚便��<span
+ class="u"
+ >鍜惐</span
+ >鍦板壀锛屽啀鐢ㄩ拡椋炲揩鍦扮紳杩涖�佺紳鍑猴紝<span class="u">缂濊繘銆佺紳鍑�</span
+ >銆傦紙鍒掔嚎鍙ュ瓙璁╁辜鍎胯窡鐫�璇达級鐖风埛璇达細鈥樿繖鍧楁枡瀛愯繕澶熷仛鈥︹�︹�欌��
+ </p>
+ <p>鏁欏笀锛氣�滄湁鍔炴硶鐨勫皬鏈嬪弸蹇兂涓�鎯筹紝澶熷仛浠�涔堬紵鈥�</p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="190">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(190) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗竷绔� 骞煎効鏃╄捣闃呰娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">183</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>鏁欏笀涓�杈规挱鏀綪PT銆婄埛鐖蜂竴瀹氭湁鍔炴硶銆嬩竴杈硅锛氣�滀竴浠跺濡欑殑鑳屽績銆傗��</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氣�滆儗蹇冨拰澶栧鏈変粈涔堝尯鍒紵锛堣儗蹇冩病鏈夎瀛愶紝澶栧鏈夎瀛愶級鎬庢牱鎵嶈兘鎶婂濂楀彉鎴愯儗蹇冿紵蹇幓璇曚竴璇曞惂锛佲�濇鐜妭鏁欏笀涓嶇ず鑼冿紝骞煎効灏濊瘯鎶婂濂楀壀鎴愯儗蹇冦��
+ </p>
+ <p>5.鑳屽績鍙橀甯�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀涓�杈规挱鏀綪PT銆婄埛鐖蜂竴瀹氭湁鍔炴硶銆嬩竴杈硅鏁呬簨鈥斺�斺�滅害鐟熺┛鐫�杩欎欢濂囧鐨勮儗蹇冨幓涓婂銆備笉杩囷紝绾︾憻娓愭笎闀垮ぇ浜嗭紝濂囧鐨勮儗蹇冧篃鍙樺緱鑰佹棫浜嗐�傛湁涓�澶╋紝濡堝瀵逛粬璇达細鈥樼害鐟燂紝鐪嬬湅浣犵殑鑳屽績锛佷笂闈㈡簿浜嗚兌锛屽張绮樼潃棰滄枡锛岀湡璇ユ妸瀹冧涪浜嗭紒鈥欌��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀闂細鈥滅害鐟熸効鎰忎涪鎺夎儗蹇冨悧锛熲�濓紙涓嶆効鎰忥級鈥滄�庝箞鎵嶈兘涓嶈濡堝鎶婅儗蹇冧涪鎺夊憿锛熲�濓紙鐖风埛涓�瀹氭湁鍔炴硶锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀缁х画璁叉晠浜嬧�斺�斺�滅害鐟熻锛氣��<span class="u">鐖风埛涓�瀹氭湁鍔炴硶</span
+ >锛佲�欑埛鐖锋嬁璧蜂簡鑳屽績锛�<span class="u">缈昏繃鏉�</span>锛屽張<span class="u"
+ >缈昏繃鍘�</span
+ >銆傚棷锛岀埛鐖锋嬁璧峰壀鍒�寮�濮�<span class="u">鍜惐銆佸挴鍚�</span
+ >鍦板壀锛屽啀鐢ㄩ拡椋炲揩鍦�<span class="u">缂濊繘銆佺紳鍑猴紝缂濊繘銆佺紳鍑�</span
+ >銆傦紙鐢荤嚎鍙ュ瓙璁╁辜鍎胯窡鐫�璇达級鐖风埛璇达細鈥樿繖鍧楁枡瀛愯繕澶熷仛鈥︹�︹�欌��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氣�滄湁鍔炴硶鐨勫皬鏈嬪弸蹇幓璇曚竴璇曪紝浣犵殑鈥樿儗蹇冣�欒兘鍋氫粈涔堬紵鈥濓紙姝ゅ灞炰簬骞煎効鑳�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="191">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(191) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">184</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鍔涙彁鍗囩幆鑺傦紝杩欎釜闂瑕佽鎵�鏈夊辜鍎块兘鍥炵瓟涓�娆°�傚鏋滆兘鍔涘急鐨勫辜鍎挎病鏈夎嚜宸辩殑鎯虫硶锛屾暀甯堣拷闂�斺�斾綘鍚屾剰璋佺殑鍔炴硶锛熷辜鍎垮洖绛斿畬锛屾暀甯堝強鏃堕紦鍔扁�斺�斾綘鐪熸槸涓�涓湁鍔炴硶鐨勫瀛愶紒锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>鑳藉姏鎻愬崌</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氣�滄湁鍔炴硶鐨勫瀛愶紝蹇幓鎿嶄綔妗屾梺杈硅瘯涓�璇曞惂锛佲�濆辜鍎胯嚜琛屽皾璇曡儗蹇冨彲浠ュ壀鎴愪粈涔堬紝鏁欏笀鎶婂辜鍎跨殑鍒涙剰浣滃搧鍦ㄧЩ鍔ㄩ粦鏉夸笂杩涜灞曠ず锛屽苟闂瀛愶細鈥滀綘鎶婅儗蹇冨壀鎴愪簡浠�涔堬紵鈥�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀缁х画璁叉晠浜嬧�斺�斺�滀竴鏉″濡欑殑棰嗗甫锛屾瘡涓槦鏈熶簲锛岀害鐟熼兘鎴寸潃杩欐潯濂囧鐨勯甯﹀幓鐖风埛濂跺ザ瀹躲�備笉杩囷紝绾︾憻娓愭笎闀垮ぇ浜嗭紝濂囧鐨勯甯︿篃鍙樺緱鑰佹棫浜嗐�傛湁涓�澶╋紝濡堝瀵逛粬璇达細鈥樼害鐟熺湅鐪嬩綘鐨勯甯︼紒娌惧埌姹わ紝鑴忎簡涓�澶у潡锛屽紕寰楀畠閮藉彉褰簡锛岀湡璇ユ妸瀹冧涪浜嗭紒鈥欌�濓紙閲嶅鎬ц瑷�锛屾暀甯堜笉璇达紝棰勭暀鏃堕棿璁╁辜鍎胯鏁呬簨锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>鏁欏笀锛氫笉鎰挎剰涓㈤甯︾殑绾︾憻浼氳浠�涔堝憿锛燂紙鐖风埛涓�瀹氭湁鍔炴硶锛�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氣�滅埛鐖锋嬁璧蜂簡棰嗗甫锛�<span class="u">缈昏繃鏉ワ紝鍙堢炕杩囧幓</span
+ >銆傚棷锛岀埛鐖锋嬁璧峰壀鍒�寮�濮�<span class="u">鍜惐銆佸挴鍚卞湴</span
+ >鍓紝鍐嶇敤閽堥蹇湴<span class="u">缂濊繘銆佺紳鍑猴紝缂濊繘銆佺紳鍑�</span
+ >銆傦紙鐢荤嚎鍙ュ瓙璁╁辜鍎胯窡鐫�璇达級鐖风埛璇达細鈥樿繖鍧楁枡瀛愯繕澶熷仛鈥︹�︹�欌��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀鍑虹ずPPT锛岃灏忔湅鍙嬫壘涓�鎵撅細鈥滅害鐟熻韩涓婁粈涔堜笢瑗挎槸棰嗗甫鍋氭垚鐨勶紵鈥濓紙绾︾憻瑁ゅ瓙鑳屽甫涓婄殑绾芥墸锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>6.棰嗗甫鍙樼航鎵�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀涓�杈规挱鏀綪PT涓�杈硅锛氣�滀竴棰楀濡欑殑绾芥墸锛岀害鐟熸妸杩欓濂囧鐨勭航鎵ｈ鍦ㄤ粬鐨勮儗甯︿笂锛岃繖鏍疯￥瀛愬氨涓嶄細婊戜笅鏉ヤ簡銆傛湁涓�澶╋紝濡堝瀵逛粬璇达細鈥樼害鐟燂紝浣犵殑绾芥墸鍛紵鈥欑害鐟熶竴鐪嬶紝绾芥墸涓嶈浜嗭紒浠栨壘閬嶄簡鎵�鏈夌殑鍦版柟锛屽氨鏄壘涓嶅埌绾芥墸銆傜害鐟熻窇鍒扮埛鐖峰銆傜害鐟熷毞鐫�锛氣�樻垜鐨勭航鎵ｏ紝鎴戠殑濂囧绾芥墸涓嶈浜嗭紒鈥欎粬鐨勫濡堣窡鐫�璺戞潵锛岃锛氣�樼害鐟燂紒鍚垜璇淬�傞偅棰楃航鎵ｆ病鏈変簡锛屼笉鍦ㄤ簡锛屾秷澶变簡銆傚嵆浣挎槸鐖风埛涔熸病鏈夊姙娉曟棤涓敓鏈夊憖锛佲�欑埛鐖烽毦杩囧湴鎽囨憞澶磋锛氣�樼害鐟熷晩锛屼綘濡堝璇寸殑娌￠敊銆傗�欌��
+ </p>
+ <p>7.寮曞骞煎効瑙傚療鍥剧敾缁嗚妭锛屾劅鍙楀浘鐢讳功鐨勫浘涓湁鍥剧殑鎯婂枩</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氣�滃皬鏈嬪弸蹇湅锛屽湴鏉夸笂鍏夌潃鑴氱殑灏忓鍦ㄥ共浠�涔堝憿锛熲�濓紙鎶婂▋濞冨垎浜粰浼ゅ績鐨勫摜鍝ワ級鏁欏笀锛氣�滆繖涓皬瀛╂槸璋侊紵鈥濓紙灏忓濡癸級鏁欏笀锛氣�滃皬濡瑰浠庡摢鏉ョ殑锛熲�濆辜鍎垮洖绛斿畬姣曪紝鏁欏笀锛氣�滀綘鐪嬪埌浜嗗悧锛熻皝閮戒笉鑳芥棤涓敓鏈夊晩锛佲�濇暀甯堣灏忔湅鍙嬭瀵烶PT涓濡堟��瀛曞拰灏忓濡瑰嚭鐢熺殑鍥剧墖銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>8.鎰熷彈鐖风埛鐨勭埍</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氣�滃濡圭殑琛ｆ湇鍚庨潰椋樼潃浠�涔堬紵鈥濓紙鐧戒簯姣涙锛夋暀甯堬細鈥滃濡圭殑姣涙鏄皝閫佺粰濂圭殑锛熲�濓紙鐖风埛锛夋暀甯堬細鈥滅埛鐖风埍绾︾憻涔熺埍绾︾憻鐨勫濡癸紝浠栭�佺粰涓や釜瀛╁瓙姣忎汉涓�鍧楁瘺姣�傗��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀缁х画璁叉晠浜嬶細鈥滅害鐟熷幓涓婂锛屽棷锛佺害鐟熸嬁璧风瑪鏉ワ紝鍦ㄧ焊涓婂敯鍞板敯鍦板啓锛屼粬璇达細鈥樿繖浜涙潗鏂欒繕澶熲�︹�︹�欌��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀闂細鈥滆繕澶熷仛浠�涔堝憿锛熲�濇暀甯堬細鈥滃啓鎴愪竴涓濡欑殑鏁呬簨锛屾晠浜嬪彨銆婄埛鐖�<span
+ class="u"
+ >涓�瀹氭湁鍔炴硶</span
+ >銆嬨�傗�濓紙鐢荤嚎閮ㄥ垎璇峰瀛愯锛�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="192">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(192) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗竷绔� 骞煎効鏃╄捣闃呰娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">185</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>9.鎰熷彈鍥剧敾涔︿腑鐢婚潰钘忓浘鐨勯瓍鍔�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氣�滃埌浜嗗悗鐜‖锛岃�佸笀鐨勬晠浜嬪氨瑕佽瀹屼簡锛岃灏忔湅鍙嬩滑鎯充竴鎯充綘鍓帀鐨勭焊鍦ㄥ摢锛熲�濓紙鐩樺瓙閲岋級鏁欏笀锛氣�滅埛鐖峰壀琛ｆ湇鏃讹紝鍓帀鐨勫竷鍝幓浜嗭紵鈥�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀鎾斁骞荤伅鐗囥�婅�侀紶涓�瀹躲�嬶紙绾︾憻瀹剁殑鍦版澘涓嬭繕浣忕潃鑰侀紶涓�瀹讹紝鐖风埛鍓笅鐨勫竷琚�侀紶瀹跺仛鎴愪簡琛ｆ湇銆佸洿宸俱�佺獥甯樸�佸簥鍗曪級銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氣�滅害鐟熶涪澶辩殑鎵ｅ瓙鍒板簳鍝幓浜嗗憿锛熲�濆辜鍎垮洖绛斿悗锛屾暀甯堢户缁挱鏀綪PT銆婃墸瀛愮殑鍘诲銆嬮〉锛屾暀甯堬細鈥滃憖锛佸師鏉ョ害鐟熺殑鎵ｅ瓙琚�侀紶鎹¤蛋浜嗐�傗��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氣�滆繖鏄皝搴曪紝瀹冨拰灏侀潰鐨勪綔鐢ㄤ竴鏍锋槸鐢ㄦ潵淇濇姢杩欐湰涔︾殑锛屽皬鏈嬪弸瑕佸儚鐖辨姢灏忚劯涓�鏍风埍鎶ゅ畠銆傝繖鏄潯褰㈢爜锛屽畾浠访椕楀厓锛岃阿璋㈠皬鏈嬪弸锛岄棲鑰佸笀鐨勬晠浜嬭瀹屼簡銆傗��
+ </p>
+
+ <p><b>娲诲姩寤朵几锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�1锛夈�婄埛鐖蜂竴瀹氭湁鍔炴硶銆嬪強鏃舵姇鏀惧埌鍥句功鍖猴紝鏈夊叴瓒ｇ殑瀛╁瓙鍙互杩涗竴姝ユ劅鐭ヤ功鐨勫唴瀹广��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�2锛夋湰娲诲姩鐨勫壀澶栧鐜妭涓紝闀挎柟褰㈢焊瀹屽叏瀵规姌涓�娆★紝鍛堢幇骞抽潰澶栧銆傚鏋滃畬鍏ㄥ鎶樹袱娆★紝灏卞彲浠ュ憟鐜板嚭绔嬩綋澶栧銆�
+ </p>
+ <div class="videoBox">
+ <div class="videoItem">
+ <video
+ :src="videoUrl.v70"
+ webkit-playsinline="true"
+ x-webkit-airplay="true"
+ playsinline="true"
+ x5-video-orientation="h5"
+ x5-video-player-fullscreen="true"
+ x5-playsinline=""
+ controls
+ class="video-border w100"
+ ></video>
+ <div class="vname">{{ videoMd5.v70.name }}</div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">娲诲姩妗堜緥7-3</span></p>
+ <div class="tp">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <b
+ >鏇蹭护璧忔瀽銆婂ぉ鍑�娌櫬� 绉嬫�濄�嬶紙澶х彮锛�<a id="w16"></a
+ ><a href="chapter007.html#m16"><sup>[16]</sup></a></b
+ >
+ </p>
+ <p><b>浣滃搧鍒嗘瀽锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 銆婂ぉ鍑�娌櫬风鎬濄�嬫槸鍏冩洸浣滃椹嚧杩滃垱浣滅殑鏁ｆ洸灏忎护銆傚崄涓�绉嶆櫙鐗╁苟缃紝缁勫悎鎴愪竴骞呯閮婂鐓у浘銆傚墠涓夊彞鐢卞悕璇嶆�ц瘝缁勬瀯鎴愶紝涓�鍏卞垪鍑轰節绉嶆櫙鐗┿�傜鍥涖�佺浜斿彞鍊熸櫙鎶掑彂浜嗛┈鑷磋繙鍦ㄧ澶╂�濆康鏁呬埂銆佸�︿簬婕傛硦鐨勫噭鑻︿箣鎯呫�傝鍚庝汉瑾変负绉嬫�濅箣绁栥�傝瘲鍗虫槸鐢伙紝鐢诲嵆鏄瘲锛屾牴鎹辜鍎垮浘鐢昏蹇嗙殑鐗圭偣锛屾媶瑙ｃ�婂ぉ鍑�娌櫬风鎬濄�嬪畬鎴愬姩鎬佺敾闈紝閰嶄互浼樼編鐨勬湕璇碉紝閫氳繃骞煎効鍚�佺湅锛屼妇涓�鍙嶄笁鍒╃敤璇楅厤鐢汇�佺敾閰嶈瘲鐨勬墜娈靛畬鎴愭洸浠よ祻鏋愭椿鍔ㄣ��
+ </p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩鐩爣锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�1锛変簡瑙ｃ�婂ぉ鍑�娌櫬� 绉嬫�濄�嬬殑鍒涗綔鑳屾櫙锛岄�氳繃鍥剧敾涔︽劅鐭ユ洸浠ゃ�婂ぉ鍑�娌� 路
+ 绉嬫�濄�嬬殑鍐呭銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�2锛夌敾鍥惧～鍏呫�婂ぉ鍑�娌櫬风鎬濄�嬪辜鍎垮皬涔︿腑缂哄皯鐨勫浘鐢诲厓绱犮��</p>
+ <p>锛�3锛変簡瑙ｅ浘涔︾殑缁撴瀯锛屽煿鍏诲辜鍎垮鍙ゅ吀鏇蹭护鐨勫叴瓒ｃ��</p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩鍑嗗锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 銆婂ぉ鍑�娌櫬� 绉嬫�濄�婸PT锛岃嚜鍒跺浘涔︺�婂ぉ鍑�娌櫬�
+ 绉嬫�濄�嬪辜鍎挎瘡浜轰竴鍐岋紙鏁欏笀鐢ㄤ功涓篈3銆丄4绾告墦鍗般�婂ぉ鍑�娌櫬�
+ 绉嬫�濄�婸PT鍥剧墖鍐呭锛屽辜鍎垮皬涔︿负A4銆丄5绾告墦鍗般�婂ぉ鍑�
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m16"></a><a href="chapter007.html#w16">[16]</a>
+ 娲诲姩璁捐銆佹巿璇炬暀甯堬細娌冲寳鐪佹壙寰峰競绗竴骞煎効鍥棲鏅撲紵銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="193">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(193) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">186</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 娌櫬� 绉嬫�濄�� PPT鍥剧墖鍐呭锛夛紝鏁欏笀閰嶉煶銆婂ぉ鍑�娌櫬�
+ 绉嬫�濄�嬶紙瀹屾暣鐗堝拰鍒嗘鍓緫鐗堟彃鍏PT锛夛紝鍙ょ惔鏇层�婃笖鑸熷敱鏅氥�嬶紝姘村僵绗斻��
+ </p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩杩囩▼锛�</b></p>
+ <p>1.鎯呭瀵煎叆</p>
+ <p>鎾斁PPT褰╀簯涔﹀簵鍥剧墖锛屾暀甯堬細鈥滄杩庡ぇ瀹舵潵鍒板僵浜戝浘涔﹂銆傗��</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氣�滀綘鍘昏繃鍥句功棣嗗悧锛熷浘涔﹂閲屽彲浠ュ共浠�涔堬紵鈥濆辜鍎匡細鈥滆涔︼紝涔颁功锛屽�熶功銆傗�濇暀甯堬細鈥滀粖澶╂垜浠潵鍒板僵浜戝浘涔﹂锛岃涓�鏈�佸笀鍒涗綔鐨勫浘涔︺�傗��
+ </p>
+ <p>2.璁よ瘑鑷埗鍥句功</p>
+ <p>锛�1锛夌湅灏侀潰銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氣�滆繖鏄皝闈紝灏忔湅鍙嬭鍍忕埍鎶ゅ皬鑴镐竴鏍风埍鎶ゅ畠銆傗�濊骞煎効瑙傚療灏侀潰涓婃湁浠�涔堬紵锛堝紩瀵煎辜鍎夸粠宸﹀埌鍙虫湁搴忚瀵熷浘鐗囷級鏁欏笀璇伙細鈥滃ぉ鍑�娌櫬风鎬濓紝鏂囷紝椹嚧杩滐紝鍏冿紝杩欐湰涔︾殑浣滆�呯敓娲诲湪寰堜箙浠ュ墠鐨勫厓鏈濄�備粬灏忔椂鍊欑壒鍒枩娆㈣涔︼紝鍔姏瀛︿範鍚勭鏈锛屾兂褰撲竴涓兘甯姪寰堝浜虹殑澶у畼銆傚彲鎯滀粬鐨勬効鏈涘苟娌℃湁瀹炵幇锛岄┈鑷磋繙涓�鐢熷埌澶勬祦娴紝浠栦簲鍗佸瞾鐨勬椂鍊欙紝鍦ㄤ竴涓瘨鍐风殑绉嬪ぉ锛岀湅鐫�澶曢槼钀藉北锛岀壒鍒兂瀹讹紝灏卞啓涓嬩簡銆婂ぉ鍑�娌櫬风鎬濄��
+ 銆傚浘锛岄棲鏅撲紵锛屼腑鍥藉僵浜戝嚭鐗堢ぞ銆傗��
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�2锛夌湅鐜‖锛堣澊铦堕〉锛夈��</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀缈诲埌鑷埗涔︾幆琛紝PPT鍥剧墖鎾斁鍒扮幆琛紝鏁欏笀鎵囧姩涔﹂〉锛氣�滆繖鏄澊铦堕〉锛屽畠鍜屼功涓殑鏁呬簨鏈夊叧銆傗�濇暀甯堬細鈥滆澊铦堕〉涓婃湁浠�涔堬紵鈥濓紙瀛楋級鏁欏笀锛氣�滀綘鐭ラ亾杩欎簺瀛楁槸鐢ㄤ粈涔堢瑪鍐欑殑鍚楋紵锛堟瘺绗旓級鎴戜滑鏉ュ惉涓�鍚紝铦磋澏椤典笂鍐欎簡浠�涔堬紵鈥�
+ </p>
+ <p>3.鍚洸浠ゅ唴瀹�</p>
+ <p>锛�1锛夋暣娈靛惉銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀鎾斁PPT鐜‖椤靛浘鐗囦笂鐨勫０闊抽摼鎺ワ紝銆婂ぉ鍑�娌櫬风鎬濄�嬭璇诲綍闊崇粨鏉熷悗锛屾暀甯堬細鈥滀綘鍚埌浜嗕粈涔堬紵鈥濓紙瀵瑰辜鍎垮洖绛斿嚭鐨勭瓟妗堬紝鏁欏笀鍙仛榧撳姳锛屼笉鍋氬閿欒瘎鍒わ紝鐩殑鏄骞煎効鎰熷彈鏇蹭护鍐呭銆傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�2锛夊垎鍙ュ惉銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀鎾斁PPT鐜‖锛堜簩锛夐〉鍥剧墖涓婄殑澹伴煶閾炬帴锛屾暀甯堬細鈥滃皬鏈嬪弸浠惉鍒颁簡寰堝璇嶈锛屽埌搴曟槸浠�涔堝憿锛熻浣犱滑绔栬捣灏忚�虫湹锛岃鐪熷惉锛佲�濇挱鏀锯�滄灟钘よ�佹爲鏄忛甫鈥濆彞璇佃褰曢煶锛屾挱鏀惧畬锛屾暀甯堬細鈥滀綘鍚埌浜嗕粈涔堬紵鈥濅互姝ょ被鎺ㄢ�滃皬妗ユ祦姘翠汉瀹垛�濆彞銆佲�滃彜閬撹タ椋庣槮椹�濆彞锛屾暀甯堝紩瀵煎辜鍎垮畨闈欏�惧惉锛屽噯纭劅鐭ユ洸浠ゅ唴瀹广�傗�滃闃宠タ涓嬶紝鏂偁浜哄湪澶╂动鈥濆叡鏈変袱鍙ワ紝鍚箣鍓嶏紝瑕佹彁閱掑瀛愨�滃惉涓ゅ彞锛屽彲浠ュ悧锛熲�濓紙濡傛灉姝ゅ娌℃湁鏁欏笀寮曞璇紝瀛╁瓙鍚埌鈥滃闃宠タ涓嬧�濆氨浼氳揩涓嶅強寰呭湴琛ㄨ揪銆傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>4.璇楃敾鍚屾洸</p>
+ <p>鏁欏笀涓�杈瑰紩瀵煎辜鍎跨湅PPT涔﹂〉鍥剧敾锛屼竴杈规湕璇垫洸浠ゅ唴瀹广��</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀涓�杈规挱鏀捐浠讹紝涓�杈硅锛氣�滅涓�椤碉紝锛堟暀甯堣椤电爜锛屽紩瀵煎辜鍎夸功椤垫剰璇嗭級鏋棨锛堝共鏋殑钘よ敁锛夆�斺�旇�佹爲鈥斺�旀槒楦︼紙榛勬槒鐨勪箤楦︼級銆傗�濇暀甯堥棶锛氣�滀綘浠寰椾粈涔堟牱鐨勬爲鍙��
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="194">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(194) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗竷绔� 骞煎効鏃╄捣闃呰娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">187</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>鏍戯紵鈥濓紙骞撮緞澶х殑鏍戯級</p>
+ <p>鏁欏笀锛氣�滅浜岄〉锛屽皬妗モ�斺�旀祦姘粹�斺�斾汉瀹躲�傗��</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氣�滅涓夐〉锛屽彜閬擄紙鍙ゆ椂鍊欑殑閬撹矾锛夆�斺�旇タ椋庘�斺�旂槮椹紙寰堢槮鐨勪竴鍖归┈锛夈�傗�濃�滃彜鏃跺�欑殑閬撹矾鍜岀幇鍦ㄧ殑椹矾鏈変粈涔堜笉鍚岋紵鈥�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氣�滅鍥涢〉锛屽闃宠タ涓嬧�斺�旀柇鑲犱汉锛堜激蹇冪殑浜猴級鈥斺�斿湪澶╂动锛堝緢杩滅殑鍦版柟锛夈�傗��
+ </p>
+ <p>5.鐢昏瘲鍚屾</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀寮曞骞煎効鐪婸PT銆婂ぉ鍑�娌櫬风鎬濄�嬪浘鐢伙紝骞煎効灏濊瘯閫氳繃鍥剧墖鎻愮ず璇村嚭鏇蹭护銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氣�滃垰鎵嶅皬鏈嬪弸鐪嬬敾鍚�佸笀璁叉晠浜嬶紝鐜板湪鎴戣鑰冭�冨皬鏈嬪弸锛岃皝鑳界湅鍥剧敾璁叉晠浜嬶紵鈥�
+ </p>
+ <p>鏁欏笀鎾斁PPT鈥滄灟钘よ�佹爲鏄忛甫鈥濋〉锛岄紦鍔卞辜鍎胯鍑哄浘鐗囧搴旂殑璇楀彞銆�</p>
+ <p>鏁欏笀鎾斁PPT鈥滃皬妗ユ祦姘翠汉瀹垛�濋〉锛岄紦鍔卞辜鍎胯鍑哄浘鐗囧搴旂殑璇楀彞銆�</p>
+ <p>鏁欏笀鎾斁PPT鈥滃彜閬撹タ椋庣槮椹�濋〉锛岄紦鍔卞辜鍎胯鍑哄浘鐗囧搴旂殑璇楀彞銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀鎾斁PPT鈥滃闃宠タ涓嬶紝鏂偁浜哄湪澶╂动鈥濋〉锛岄紦鍔卞辜鍎胯鍑哄浘鐗囦笂瀵瑰簲鐨勮瘲鍙ャ��
+ </p>
+ <p>6.鐪嬪悗鐜‖涓庡皝搴�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀鎵囧姩鑷埗涔﹀悗鐜‖锛岃锛氣�滃埌浜嗚澊铦堕〉锛岃繖鏈功灏辫璇诲畬浜嗐�備綘杩樿寰楄繖鏈功鍐欎簡浠�涔堝悧锛熲�濇挱鏀綪PT鐜‖鍥剧墖涓婃彃鍏ョ殑銆婂ぉ鍑�娌櫬风鎬濄�嬫湕璇靛綍闊筹紝寮曞骞煎効璺熺潃闊抽鏈夋劅鎯呭湴璇佃銆婂ぉ鍑�娌櫬风鎬濄�嬫洸浠ゃ�傛暀甯堬細鈥滆瀹屼簡杩欐湰涔︼紝浣犳湁浠�涔堟劅鍙楋紵鈥濆辜鍎跨瓟瀹岋紝鏁欏笀杩介棶锛氣�滀负浠�涔堬紵鈥�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氣�滆繖鏄皝搴曪紝瀹冨拰灏侀潰鐨勪綔鐢ㄤ竴鏍凤紝鏄敤鏉ヤ繚鎶よ繖鏈功鐨勶紝灏忔湅鍙嬭鍍忕埍鎶ゅ皬鑴镐竴鏍风埍鎶ゅ畠銆傝繖鏄功鐨勪綔鑰呴┈鑷磋繙锛岃繖鏄簩缁寸爜锛屽畾浠凤紝鍘熷垱鏃犱环銆傗�濓紙鏁欏笀浠嬬粛灏佸簳鐨勭洰鐨勬槸璁╁辜鍎垮厖鍒嗘劅鐭ュ浘涔︾殑缁撴瀯銆傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>7.濉浘璁板綍</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氣�滃僵浜戜功搴楁鍦ㄧ紪杈戣繖鏈功锛屽彧鏈夋垜涓�涓汉鍦ㄤ功搴楀伐浣滐紝浣犱滑鎰挎剰甯姪鎴戝悧锛熲�濃�滀功涓己灏戜竴浜涘浘鐢伙紝灏忔湅鍙嬩竴瀹氳鐪嬫竻妤氬皯浜嗕粈涔堬紝鐢ㄦ瀛愪笂鐨勫僵绗旀妸缂哄皯鐨勫浘鐢昏ˉ鍏ㄣ�傗�濇暀甯堟挱鏀綪PT鍥剧墖锛堜互涓嬪浘鐗囧唴瀹瑰拰骞煎効灏忎功涓�鑷达紝涔﹂〉鍥剧墖涓皯浜嗕竴浜涙櫙鐗╁厓绱犮�傚辜鍎块�氳繃璇楃敾鍚屾洸鍜岀敾璇楀悓姝ヤ袱涓幆鑺傦紝鎰熺煡鏇蹭护鍐呭锛屽湪姝ゅ熀纭�涓婃彁鍗囧辜鍎垮鏇蹭护鐨勫浘鐢荤悊瑙ｏ級銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 灏侀潰锛氭暀甯堣锛氣�滃ぉ鍑�娌櫬风鎬濓紝鏂囷紝椹嚧杩滐紝鍏冩湞锛屽浘锛岄棲鏅撲紵銆傚洜涓哄皬鏈嬪弸瑕佽ˉ鍏呭浘鐢伙紝鎵�浠ヨ鍦ㄦí绾夸笂鍐欎笂鑷繁鐨勫悕瀛楁垨鑰呭鍙枫�備腑鍥藉僵浜戝嚭鐗堢ぞ銆傗��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 铦磋澏椤靛浘鐗囩炕杩囷紝鏁欏笀锛氣�滆澊铦堕〉銆傗�濓紙鏁欏笀鍙粙缁嶈澊铦堕〉锛屼笉鍐嶅仛浠讳綍瑙ｈ锛岀洰鐨勬槸甯︾粰骞煎効涔︾殑缁撴瀯姒傚康銆傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>鈥滅涓�椤靛皯浜嗕粈涔堬紵锛堣棨锛夎棨搴旇鍦ㄥ摢鍎匡紵鈥濓紙缂犲湪鏍戜笂锛�</p>
+ <p>鈥滅浜岄〉灏戜簡浠�涔堬紵锛堟祦姘达級娴佹按搴旇鍦ㄥ摢鍎匡紵鈥濓紙妗ヤ笅锛�</p>
+ <p>鈥滅涓夐〉灏戜簡浠�涔堬紵锛堣タ椋庯級宸﹁タ锛屽彸涓滐紝瑗块瑕佺敾鍦ㄥ乏杈广�傗��</p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="195">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(195) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">188</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>鈥滅鍥涢〉灏戜簡浠�涔堬紵锛堝闃宠タ涓嬶級宸﹁タ锛屽彸涓滐紝澶槼瑕佺敾鍦ㄥ乏杈广�傗��</p>
+ <p>鏁欏笀锛氣�滃埌浜嗚澊铦堕〉锛屼功灏辩敾瀹屼簡銆傗��</p>
+ <p>鏁欏笀锛氣�滆繖鏄皝搴曪紝椹嚧杩滐紝鏉″舰鐮侊紝鍒涙剰鏃犱环銆傗��</p>
+ <p>娲诲姩寤朵几锛堟牴鎹唴瀹瑰～鐢伙級</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氣�滆浣犳惉鐫�灏忔瀛愶紝鍧愬湪妗屽瓙鏃佽竟锛岃鐪熷畬鎴愪换鍔°�傗�濓紙鎾斁PPT褰╀簯涔﹀簵鍥剧墖锛岀偣寮�鎻掑叆鐨勫彜鐞撮煶涔愩�傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>闄勬洸浠わ細銆婂ぉ鍑�娌櫬风鎬濄�嬶紙鍏冿級 椹嚧杩�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏋棨鑰佹爲鏄忛甫锛屽皬妗ユ祦姘翠汉瀹讹紝鍙ら亾瑗块鐦﹂┈銆傚闃宠タ涓嬶紝鏂偁浜哄湪澶╂动銆�
+ </p>
+ <div class="videoBox">
+ <div class="videoItem">
+ <video
+ :src="videoUrl.v71"
+ webkit-playsinline="true"
+ x-webkit-airplay="true"
+ playsinline="true"
+ x5-video-orientation="h5"
+ x5-video-player-fullscreen="true"
+ x5-playsinline=""
+ controls
+ class="video-border w100"
+ ></video>
+ <div class="vname">{{ videoMd5.v71.name }}</div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="bk2">
+ <p class="center"><b>鏈珷灏忕粨</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 鏈珷瀵瑰辜鍎挎棭鏈熼槄璇绘椿鍔ㄨ繘琛屼簡鍏ㄩ潰浠嬬粛銆傚湪鍒嗘瀽鏃╂湡闃呰姒傚康鐨勫熀纭�涓婏紝鏄庣‘浜嗘棭鏈熼槄璇荤殑鐩爣瀹氫綅锛岄槓鏄庝簡鏃╂湡闃呰涓庡辜鍎垮叏闈㈠彂灞曠殑鍏崇郴锛屾緞娓呬簡鍓嶅浘涔﹂槄璇汇�佸墠璇嗗瓧浠ュ強鍓嶄功鍐欐椿鍔ㄥ湪骞煎効鏃╂湡闃呰娲诲姩涓殑鍒嗗鎶婃彙锛涘噯骞煎効鏁欏笀搴旇浜嗚В鍥剧敾涔︼紙缁樻湰锛夊湪骞煎効鎴愰暱涓殑浠峰�硷紝鑳藉涓哄辜鍎块�夋嫨閫傚悎骞煎効闃呰鐨勪紭绉�鍥剧敾涔︺�傛湰绔犺繕闃愯堪浜嗗綋鍓嶆暀甯堝湪骞煎効鍥棭鏈熼槄璇绘椿鍔ㄤ腑搴旂鎸佺殑绉戝闃呰鐞嗗康锛屼互鍙婅璁′笌缁勭粐鏃╂湡闃呰娲诲姩鐨勪竴鑸楠ょ瓑锛屽苟闄勮浜嗛槄璇绘椿鍔ㄨ璁℃柟妗堜緵甯堢敓鍙傝�冭璁恒�傛�讳箣锛屾湰绔犵殑瀛︿範涓庢�濊�冿紝鏈熸湜瀵瑰鐢熺郴缁熺悊瑙ｅ拰灏濊瘯瀹炴柦骞煎効鍥棭鏈熼槄璇绘椿鍔ㄦ湁瑁ㄧ泭銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ <p><span class="zt-1">鍏抽敭鏈</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-8">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-3" alt="" src="../../images/tb-9.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">闃呰</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">鏃╂湡闃呰娲诲姩</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">鍥剧敾涔�</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">澶氬厓闃呰鏁欒偛</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">鍒涙剰闃呰鏁欒偛</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">娓告垙闃呰鏁欒偛</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ <span class="zt-2">鎬�</span><span class="zt-3">鑰�</span
+ ><span class="zt-2">棰�</span>
+ </p>
+ <div class="tp-9">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-6" alt="" src="../../images/tb-10.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 1.浣犳槸濡備綍鐞嗚В骞煎効鏃╂湡闃呰鐨勨�滄棭鈥濈殑锛熶綘璁や负骞煎効浠庝粈涔堟椂鍊欏氨鍙互鈥滈槄璇烩�濅簡锛熷鏋滀綘鏄辜鍎跨殑甯堥暱锛屼綘閫氳繃鍝簺鏂瑰紡鑳戒娇骞煎効鐖变笂闃呰鍛紵
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p>2.浣犺涓轰紭绉�鍥剧敾涔︾殑鏍囧噯鏈夊摢浜涘憿锛�</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="196">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(196) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗竷绔� 骞煎効鏃╄捣闃呰娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">189</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 3.浣犺涓哄湪骞煎効鐨勪笉鍚屽勾榫勬鎬庢牱鍋氭墠鏈夊姪浜庡辜鍎胯嚜涓婚槄璇昏兘鍔涚殑鍩瑰吇锛�
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 4.璋堣皥浣犲骞煎効闃舵寮�灞曞墠鍥句功闃呰娲诲姩銆佸墠璇嗗瓧娲诲姩涓庡墠涔﹀啓娲诲姩鐨勮璇嗭紝鎬庢牱閬垮厤灏嗏�滄棭鏈熼槄璇绘椿鍔ㄢ�濇紨鍙樻垚鈥滃辜鍎胯瘑瀛楁椿鍔ㄢ�濓紵
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj4">瀹炶缁冧範</span></p>
+ <p>
+ 1.璋冩煡鏈湴鍑犳墍骞煎効鍥辜鍎跨殑闃呰鑳藉姏锛屽垎鏋愬奖鍝嶅辜鍎块槄璇昏兘鍔涚殑鍙兘鍘熷洜锛屾挵鍐欒皟鏌ユ姤鍛婏紝骞剁粰鍑轰綘鐨勫缓璁��
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 2.閫夋嫨涓�鏈�傚悎鏌愬勾榫勭彮骞煎効鐨勫浘鐢讳功锛岃璁′竴浠藉浘涔﹂槄璇绘椿鍔ㄦ柟妗堬紝骞跺湪鍚屽涓ā鎷熷疄鏂芥垨鍦ㄥ疄涔犲辜鍎垮洯灏濊瘯缁勭粐寮�灞曘�備笌甯堢敓浜ゆ祦浣犵殑鏀惰幏鍜屽洶鎯戙��
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="left1">
+ <span class="zt-3">鎷�</span><span class="zt-2">灞�</span
+ ><span class="zt-3">闃�</span><span class="zt-2">璇�</span>
+ </p>
+ <div class="tp-10">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-6" alt="" src="image/tb-11.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p>鍛ㄥ參.鏃╂湡闃呰鍙戝睍涓庢暀鑲茬爺绌禰M].鍖椾含锛氭暀鑲茬瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2007.</p>
+ <p>
+ 璇ヤ功鏄繎骞存潵鏈夊叧鏃╂湡闃呰鍙戝睍鍜屾棭鏈熼槄璇绘暀鑲茬爺绌舵垚鏋滅殑闆嗕腑鍛堢幇銆備綔鑰呭湪骞挎硾鍚告敹鍥介檯鏃╂湡闃呰鏁欒偛鐞嗚涓庡疄璺电殑鏈�鏂颁俊鎭殑鍩虹涓婏紝鍒嗘瀽浜嗘垜鍥芥棭鏈熼槄璇绘暀鑲茬幇鐘讹紝骞剁敤娴呮樉鐨勮瑷�浠嬬粛浜嗘湁鍏虫棭鏈熼槄璇诲彂灞曚笌鏁欒偛鐨勭悊璁猴紝鍙堥噸鐐归槓杩颁簡濡備綍灏嗙悊璁哄簲鐢ㄤ簬瀹炶返锛屽鏃╂湡闃呰鏁欒偛鐨勭洰鏍囥�佸浘鐢讳功璇█銆佹棭鏈熼槄璇绘寚瀵肩瓥鐣ャ�佷翰瀛愰槄璇绘椿鍔ㄤ腑鐨勮瑷�杩愮敤銆侀槄璇诲洶闅剧殑鏃╂湡鍙戠幇涓庨闃层�佹棭鏈熼槄璇绘暀鑲茬殑鏁欏笀鍩瑰吇绛夈��
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="zt-ls">銆愭嫇灞曡棰戞渚嬨��</span></p>
+ <div class="videoBox">
+ <div class="videoItem">
+ <video
+ :src="videoUrl.v72"
+ webkit-playsinline="true"
+ x-webkit-airplay="true"
+ playsinline="true"
+ x5-video-orientation="h5"
+ x5-video-player-fullscreen="true"
+ x5-playsinline=""
+ controls
+ class="video-border w100"
+ ></video>
+ <div class="vname">{{ videoMd5.v72.name }}</div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="videoItem">
+ <video
+ :src="videoUrl.v73"
+ webkit-playsinline="true"
+ x-webkit-airplay="true"
+ playsinline="true"
+ x5-video-orientation="h5"
+ x5-video-player-fullscreen="true"
+ x5-playsinline=""
+ controls
+ class="video-border w100"
+ ></video>
+ <div class="vname">{{ videoMd5.v73.name }}</div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+</template>
+
+<script>
+import { getResourcePath } from "@/assets/methods/resources";
+export default {
+ name: "chapter004",
+ props: {
+ showPageList: {
+ type: Array,
+ },
+ resourceList: {
+ type: Object,
+ },
+ },
+ data() {
+ return {
+ chapter004: {},
+ videoUrl: {},
+ videoMd5: {
+ v70: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[43],
+ name: "澶х彮璇█璇惧爞瀹炲綍锛氥�婄埛鐖蜂竴瀹氭湁鍔炴硶銆嬭妭閫�",
+ },
+ v71: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[44],
+ name: "澶х彮璇█璇惧爞瀹炲綍锛氥�婂ぉ鍑�娌櫬风鎬濄�嬭妭閫�",
+ },
+ v72: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[45],
+ name: "涓彮璇█娲诲姩锛氱寽鐚滄垜鏈夊鐖变綘",
+ },
+ v73: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[46],
+ name: "灏忕彮璇█娲诲姩锛氬ソ楗跨殑灏忚泧",
+ },
+ },
+ showAnswer3: false,
+ showAnswer2: false,
+ showAnswer1: false,
+ };
+ },
+ methods: {
+ async getVideo(md5, val) {
+ const data = await getResourcePath(md5);
+ this.videoUrl[val] = data;
+ },
+ setBookQuestion() {
+ this.$emit("setBookQuestion", this.chapter004);
+ },
+ },
+ mounted() {
+ for (let key in this.videoMd5) {
+ this.getVideo(this.videoMd5[key].md5, key);
+ }
+ console.log(this.videoUrl);
+ },
+};
+</script>
diff --git a/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter008.vue b/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter008.vue
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3275e9a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter008.vue
@@ -0,0 +1,1408 @@
+<template>
+ <div class="chapter" num="9">
+ <div class="page-box" page="197">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(197) > -1">
+ <div class="bodystyle" style="padding-top: 508px">
+ <h1 id="a013">
+ <img class="img-0 coverImg" alt="" src="../../images/z8.jpg" />
+ </h1>
+ <h6>瀛︿範鐩爣鈻�</h6>
+ <p>1.鐞嗚В鍚娓告垙鐨勭壒鐐瑰拰鎰忎箟锛屼簡瑙ｅ惉璇存父鎴忕殑绫诲瀷銆�</p>
+ <p>2.鎺屾彙鍚娓告垙璁捐鍜岀粍缁囪鐐癸紝鑳藉璁捐骞剁粍缁囧疄鏂藉惉璇存父鎴忋��</p>
+ <p>3.娉ㄦ剰鍚娓告垙璁捐涓庡疄鏂借繃绋嬩腑鏄撳嚭鐜扮殑闂銆�</p>
+ <h6>瀛︿範瀵煎浘鈻�</h6>
+ <p class="center openImgBox">
+ <img
+ class="img-b"
+ style="width: 100%"
+ alt=""
+ src="../../images/0182-1.jpg"
+ />
+ </p>
+ <h6>瀵煎叆妗堜緥鈻�</h6>
+ <p>
+ 澶х彮鐨勫惉璇存父鎴忋�婁笂姹借溅銆嬶紝鏈�涓昏鐨勭洰鏍囨槸锛氬辜鍎胯兘澶熸纭繍鐢ㄥ叧鑱旇瘝璇�滃洜涓衡�︹�︽墍浠モ�︹�︹�濊鍑鸿繛璐畬鏁寸殑鍥犳灉鍙ュ瓙銆傛父鎴忚鍒欐槸锛氬徃鏈哄繀椤荤敤鈥滃洜涓衡�濊繖涓瘝鍚戜箻瀹㈣鏄庡師鍥狅紝涔樺蹇呴』鐢ㄢ�滃洜涓衡�︹�︽墍浠モ�︹�︹�濆畬鏁村湴瀵逛笂鍙告満鐨勮瘽鎵嶈兘涓婅溅锛屽惁鍒欎笉鑳戒笂杞︺�傛暀甯堝厛鎵紨鍙告満锛屽甫棰嗗辜鍎挎父鎴忥紝骞煎効鑳藉寰堝ソ鍦版寜鐓ф父鎴忚鍒欒繘琛屾父鎴忋�傚埌浜嗚嚜涓绘父鎴忕幆鑺傦紝骞煎効琚垎鎴愪笁缁勮繘琛屾父鎴忥紝鍒氬紑濮嬬З搴忚繕濂斤紝杩囦簡涓�浼氬効鍦洪潰灏卞紑濮嬩贡浜嗐�傛湁鐨勫徃鏈轰笉鐭ラ亾鎬庝箞闂紝鏈夌殑鍙告満闂殑涓嶆槸鈥滃洜涓衡�︹�︹�濇湁鐨勫辜鍎挎病鏈夊洖绛斿氨涓婅溅浜嗏�︹��
+ </p>
+ <p><br /></p>
+ <p>
+ 璇锋兂涓�涓嬮棶棰樺嚭鍦ㄥ摢閲岋紵鏁欏笀搴旇鎬庝箞缁勭粐鍙互鏀跺埌鏇村ソ鐨勬晥鏋滐紵瀛︿範瀹屾湰绔犲唴瀹癸紝璇峰皾璇曡璁″惉璇存父鎴忋�婁笂姹借溅銆嬨��
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="198">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(198) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗叓绔� 骞煎効鍚娓告垙娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">215</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <h2 id="b019">绗竴鑺傘��鍚娓告垙姒傝堪</h2>
+ <h3 id="c049">涓�銆佷粈涔堟槸鍚娓告垙</h3>
+ <p>
+ 鍚娓告垙鏄竴绉嶇壒娈婂舰寮忕殑璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩锛屾槸鍦ㄦ暀甯堢粍缁囨寚瀵间笅浠ュ彂灞曞辜鍎跨殑鍊惧惉涓庤〃杩拌兘鍔涗负涓昏鐩殑鐨勮鍒欐父鎴忋��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 銆婃寚鍗椼�嬩腑寮鸿皟骞煎効鐨勮瑷�鑳藉姏鏄湪浜ゆ祦鍜岃繍鐢ㄧ殑杩囩▼涓彂灞曡捣鏉ョ殑銆傚簲涓哄辜鍎垮垱璁捐嚜鐢便�佸鏉剧殑璇█浜ゅ線鐜锛岄紦鍔卞拰鏀寔骞煎効涓庢垚浜恒�佸悓浼翠氦娴侊紝璁╁辜鍎挎兂璇淬�佹暍璇淬�佸枩娆㈣骞惰兘寰楀埌绉瀬鍥炲簲銆傚崕鍗楀笀鑼冨ぇ瀛﹁鐖辩幉鏁欐巿璁や负锛屾父鎴忔槸骞煎効鐨勫熀鏈敓娲绘柟寮忓拰娲诲姩鏂瑰紡锛屼篃鏄辜鍎跨殑鍩烘湰瀛︿範鏂瑰紡锛屽苟涓旀槸骞煎効鏈�鏈夋晥鐨勫涔犳柟寮忋��<a
+ id="w1"
+ ></a
+ ><a href="chapter008.html#m1"><sup>[1]</sup></a
+ >鍚娓告垙鏄敤娓告垙鐨勬柟寮忕粍缁囧辜鍎胯繘琛岃瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勬椿鍔紝鏄�氳繃寤虹珛閫傚悎骞煎効鐨勬父鎴忚鍒欙紝鎻愪緵涓�涓弧瓒冲辜鍎胯瑷�鍙戝睍鐨勭幆澧冿紝浠庤�屽惛寮曞辜鍎垮弬涓庡埌娲诲姩涓幓锛岀Н鏋佹剦蹇湴瀹屾垚璇█瀛︿範鐨勪换鍔°��
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">鐩稿叧閾炬帴</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-5">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="../../images/tb-5.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <span class="zt-ls1"
+ >鍚娓告垙涓庤瑷�娓告垙<a id="w2"></a
+ ><a href="chapter008.html#m2"><sup>[2]</sup></a></span
+ >
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍚娓告垙涓嶆槸璇█娓告垙锛岃�屾槸璇█鏁欏鐨勬父鎴忋�傛墍璋撹瑷�娓告垙锛屾湁涓�绉嶇浉瀵瑰浐瀹氱殑姒傚康锛屾槸鎸囧効绔ュ湪璇█鍙戝睍杩囩▼涓嚜鍙戝湴鐜╁紕鍜屾搷缁冭闊炽�佽璇嶇殑涓�绉嶇幇璞°�備緥濡傦紝6锝�7涓湀鐨勫┐鍎匡紝鍚冮ケ鍠濊冻鍚庯紝鐙嚜韬哄湪搴婁笂锛屾劅鍒拌垝鏈嶆剦蹇紝鍢撮噷鍙戝嚭涓�杩炰覆鐨勯煶鑺傗�溕戔�攂蓱鈥攂蓱鈥斏戔�攂蓱gu鈥攂ei鈥攂igu鈥濄�傚張濡傦紝3锝�4宀佺殑骞煎効鍦ㄤ笌鍚屼即涓�璧锋父鎴忔椂锛屽槾閲屽康蹇垫湁璇嶅湴鎷垮悓浼寸殑鍚嶅瓧涓洪璇达細鈥滈┈鏅撲笢鏄竴鍖瑰皬椹紝灏忛┈灏忛┈灏忓濡堬紝灏忓濡堥獋灏忛┈锛屽皬椹憸鍝囧憸鍝囬┈鏅撲笢銆傗�濊繖浜涘彛澶磋瑷�娓告垙甯︽湁鏄庢樉鐨勮嚜鍙戣瑷�鐨勭壒鐐癸紝鏈夌帺寮勬搷缁冨彛璇殑鎬ц川锛屽苟涓旀槸鏃犳剰涔夌殑銆侀潪鍏蜂綋鎸囧悜鎬х殑璇█娲诲姩銆傝繖绉嶈瑷�鐜拌薄鍦ㄥ緢澶х▼搴︿笂甯︽湁鑷ū鐨勬剰鍛炽��
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c050">浜屻�佸惉璇存父鎴忕殑鐗圭偣</h3>
+ <h4 id="d128">锛堜竴锛夋湁鏄庣‘鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛鐩爣</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鍚娓告垙鏈夋槑纭殑璇█鏁欒偛鐩爣锛屾暀甯堟牴鎹洰鏍囨湁璁″垝銆佹湁姝ラ鍦板紑灞曞惉璇存父鎴忔椿鍔ㄣ�傘�婃寚鍗椼�嬩负骞煎効鍚勫勾榫勬璇█鍙戝睍鐩爣鎻愪緵浜嗗弬鑰冿紝骞煎効鏁欏笀鏍规嵁杩欎簺鐩爣缁撳悎鑷繁鏈彮骞煎効璇█鍙戝睍鐨勫疄闄呮儏鍐碉紝鍒跺畾鍑哄叿浣撶殑鍚娓告垙鐩爣銆備緥濡傦紝灏忕彮
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m1"></a><a href="chapter008.html#w1">[1]</a>
+ 琚佺埍鐜诧紝浣曠鑻�.骞煎効鍥暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵肩瓥鐣ワ蓟M锛�.鍖椾含锛氬寳浜笀鑼冨ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2007锛�226.
+ </p>
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m2"></a><a href="chapter008.html#w2">[2]</a>
+ 鍛ㄥ參锛屼綑鐝嶆湁.骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛锛籑锛�.鍖椾含锛氫汉姘戞暀鑲插嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2005锛�148-149.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="199">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(199) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">192</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鈥渏鈥濃�渜鈥濃�渪鈥濆垎杈ㄤ笉娓咃紝鏁欏笀璁捐鈥滃府濡堝涔颁笢瑗库�濈殑娓告垙锛堣鍙傝�冩父鎴�8-1锛夛紝甯姪骞煎効姝ｇ‘鍒嗚鲸璇婚煶銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d129">锛堜簩锛夋湁鏄庣‘鐨勬父鎴忚鍒�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鍚娓告垙鏈夋槑纭殑娓告垙瑙勫垯锛岃繖鏄瑷�鐩爣鑳藉惁杈炬垚鐨勫叧閿紝涔熸槸骞煎効鑳藉惁鍦ㄤ竴涓鏉俱�佽嚜鐢便�佹湁瓒ｇ殑娓告垙鐜涓繚鎸佺Н鏋佸弬涓庛�佹湁鏁堝涔犵殑涓�涓噸瑕佹潯浠躲�傚惉璇存父鎴忓睘浜庤鍒欐父鎴忥紝鏁欏笀鏍规嵁璇█鏁欏鐩爣璁惧畾绗﹀悎骞煎効鐗圭偣鐨勬父鎴忚鍒欙紝寮曞骞煎効绉瀬鍙備笌娓告垙骞堕伒瀹堟父鎴忚鍒欙紝鍦ㄥ涓帺銆佸湪鐜╀腑瀛︼紝鍦ㄧН鏋佹剦蹇殑姘涘洿涓疄鐜拌瑷�瀛︿範鐨勭洰鏍囥�備緥濡傦紝鈥滃府濡堝涔颁笢瑗库�濈殑娓告垙瑙勫垯鏄紝蹇呴』鎸夌収濡堝鐨勬寚浠や拱涓滆タ锛涙寚浠ゅ彧鍏佽璇翠竴娆★紝濡傛灉涔伴敊杩樻湁涓�娆℃敼姝ｇ殑鏈轰細锛涘叾浠栧辜鍎夸笉鑳芥彁閱掓鍦ㄥ弬涓庢父鎴忕殑骞煎効銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d130">锛堜笁锛夋敞閲嶆父鎴忔椿鍔ㄧ粨鏋�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鍚娓告垙鍏锋湁鏄庣‘鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛鐩爣銆備緥濡傦紝娓告垙鈥滆鍙嶈瘽鈥濈殑涓昏鐩爣鏄辜鍎胯兘姝ｇ‘浣跨敤鍙嶄箟璇嶃�傛父鎴忔椿鍔ㄧ殑缁撴灉鑳藉惁杈惧埌娓告垙鐩爣鏄 閲忔父鎴忔椿鍔ㄦ湁鏁堟�х殑涓�涓叧閿寚鏍囥�傚鏋滄暀甯堟棦瀹屾垚浜嗗惉璇存父鎴忕殑鐩爣锛屽張婵�鍙戜簡骞煎効鍙備笌娓告垙鐨勫叴瓒ｏ紝閭ｄ箞杩欏氨杈惧埌浜嗚壇濂界殑鏁欏鏁堟灉銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d131">锛堝洓锛夌敱鏁欏笀鎸囧鍒板辜鍎胯嚜涓荤殑娲诲姩</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鍚娓告垙鏄互娓告垙涓轰富瑕佸舰寮忕殑涓�绉嶈瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩锛屽叿鏈夎鍒欐�у拰鑷富鎬с�備粠娲诲姩缁勭粐褰㈠紡涓婄湅锛岀敱娲诲姩鍏ユ墜锛岄�愭鎵╁ぇ娓告垙鎴愬垎銆傚湪娓告垙杩囩▼涓紝寮�濮嬬敱鏁欏笀鍙備笌骞舵寚瀵兼父鎴忥紝閫愭杩囨浮鍒板辜鍎挎帉鎻″苟鐔熸倝娓告垙瑙勫垯鍚庯紝鏁欏笀閫愭笎娣″嚭娓告垙瑙掕壊锛岃浣嶇粰骞煎効锛屽彂灞曞埌浠ュ辜鍎夸负涓讳綋鐨勮嚜涓绘父鎴忋��
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk">
+ <div class="bk1">
+ <p><span class="bj2">骞煎効鍥暀甯堣祫鏍艰瘉鑰冭瘯路鑰冪偣棰勬祴</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-2">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="../../images/tb-1.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鍚娓告垙鏈夊摢浜涚壒鐐癸紵鎬庝箞鐞嗚В鍚娓告垙鍏煎叿鈥滄椿鍔ㄢ�濆拰鈥滄父鎴忊�濈殑鎴愬垎锛�
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <h3 id="c051">涓夈�佸惉璇存父鎴忕殑鎰忎箟</h3>
+ <h4 id="d132">锛堜竴锛夋縺鍙戝辜鍎垮涔犺瑷�鐨勫叴瓒�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鍏磋叮鏄辜鍎垮涔犵殑鍔ㄥ姏锛屽惉璇存父鎴忚瀺娓告垙銆佹椿鍔ㄤ簬涓�浣擄紝铻嶈瑷�瀛︿範浠诲姟浜庢父鎴忎箣涓�傞噰鐢ㄦ父鎴忕殑鏂瑰紡鍙戝睍骞煎効璇█鑳藉姏锛岀鍚堝辜鍎胯繖涓�鏃舵湡鐨勮韩蹇冨彂灞曠壒鐐癸紝娓告垙鐨勮叮鍛虫�ф洿鏈夊埄浜庢縺鍙戝辜鍎跨殑瀛︿範鍏磋叮锛屽寮哄涔犵殑绉瀬鎬у拰涓诲姩鎬э紝鎻愰珮瀛︿範鏁堢巼锛屽珐鍥哄涔犳垚鏋溿��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d133">锛堜簩锛夋彁楂樺辜鍎跨Н鏋佸�惧惉鐨勬按骞�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鍚娓告垙灏嗗辜鍎胯瑷�瀛︿範鐨勯噸鐐瑰唴瀹硅浆鎹负娓告垙瑙勫垯璐┛浜庢椿鍔ㄤ箣涓紝骞煎効鐨勫�惧惉姘村钩鏄父鎴忚繘琛岀殑鍏抽敭銆傚湪娓告垙寮�濮嬫椂锛屾暀甯堣瑙ｆ父鎴忚鍒欙紝骞煎効闇�瑕佽鐪熻亞鍚苟鐞嗚В瑙勫垯锛屽辜鍎垮瑙勫垯鐨勭悊瑙ｄ笌鍚︾洿鎺ュ奖鍝嶇潃娓告垙鑳藉惁椤哄埄寮�灞曘�傚湪娓告垙杩囩▼涓紝鏁欏笀鍙戝嚭娓告垙鎸囦护锛屽辜鍎胯鍚噦娓告垙鎸囦护锛屾父鎴忔墠鑳界户缁笅鍘伙紝鍚﹀垯娓告垙灏嗘棤
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="200">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(200) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗叓绔� 骞煎効鍚娓告垙娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">193</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>娉曡繘琛屻�備互涓婅繖浜涢兘鏈夊埄浜庡煿鍏诲辜鍎跨殑鍊惧惉鑳藉姏锛屾彁楂樺�惧惉姘村钩銆�</p>
+ <h4 id="d134">锛堜笁锛夋彁楂樺辜鍎胯〃杈捐兘鍔�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鍚娓告垙鐨勭被鍨嬩富瑕佸寘鎷闊虫父鎴忋�佽瘝姹囨父鎴忋�佸彞瀛愭父鎴忋�佹弿杩版�ф父鎴忋�佹晠浜嬭〃婕旀父鎴忕瓑锛岃繖浜涙父鎴忓彲浠ヤ粠璇煶銆佽瘝姹囥�佸彞寮忋�佽繛璐〃杈惧拰璇█琛ㄧ幇鑳藉姏绛夋柟闈績杩涘辜鍎胯瑷�鐨勮〃杈捐兘鍔涖�傛暀甯堝垱璁鹃�傚悎骞煎効璇█鍙戝睍鐨勫惉璇存父鎴忥紝瀵规彁楂樺叾琛ㄨ揪灏ゅ叾鏄彛璇〃杈捐兘鍔涜捣鐫�闈炲父閲嶈鐨勪綔鐢ㄣ��
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c052">鍥涖�佸惉璇存父鎴忕殑绫诲瀷</h3>
+ <p>
+ 鍚娓告垙鏄互鍩瑰吇骞煎効鍊惧惉涓庤〃杈捐兘鍔涗负涓昏鐩殑鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩銆傚辜鍎跨殑鍊惧惉涓庤〃杈炬秹鍙婅瑷�鐨勮闊炽�佽瘝姹囥�佸彞瀛愮瓑澶氫釜鏂归潰锛屽洜姝わ紝鎸夌収鍚娓告垙瀵瑰辜鍎胯瑷�鍙戝睍浣滅敤鐨勪富瑕佹柟闈紝鍙互鍒嗕负浜旂涓嶅悓绫诲瀷銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d135">锛堜竴锛夎闊虫父鎴�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 璇煶娓告垙鏄互鎻愰珮鍚煶銆佽鲸闊宠兘鍔涘拰缁冧範姝ｇ‘鍙戦煶涓虹洰鐨勭殑涓�绉嶆父鎴忋�傚湪璇煶娓告垙涓紝骞煎効鍙互缁冧範鍚勭鍩烘湰璇煶锛屽挨鍏跺彲浠ョ粌涔犳煇涓�骞撮緞娈靛鏄撳彂閿欏拰鍙戦煶鍥伴毦鐨勯煶锛岃繕鍙互鏍规嵁鎵�澶勬柟瑷�鍖虹殑涓嶅悓锛岀潃閲嶇粌涔犳櫘閫氳瘽涓庢柟瑷�鍙戠敓鍐茬獊鐨勮闊炽�傝闊虫父鎴忓氨鏄负骞煎効鍒涢�犱竴涓鏉俱�佹剦蹇殑鐜锛岃骞煎効鍦ㄦ棤鍘嬪姏鐨勬儏澧冧腑瀛︿細鍚煶銆佽鲸闊冲拰鍙戦煶銆傝闊虫父鎴忓張鍙互鍒嗕负浠ヤ笅涓ょ绫诲瀷銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e138">1.鍚煶銆佽鲸闊虫父鎴�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鍚煶銆佽鲸闊虫父鎴忔槸閫氳繃娓告垙鍩瑰吇骞煎効鍑嗙‘鍚煶杩涜�屽煿鍏诲叾鐞嗚В鑳藉姏锛屾槸鎻愰珮骞煎効绉瀬鍊惧惉姘村钩鐨勪竴绉嶆父鎴忋�傚畠鍖呮嫭涓や釜鏂归潰鐨勫唴瀹癸細涓�鏄辜鍎胯兘澶熷噯纭湴鍖哄垎璇煶鐨勫樊鍒紝灏ゅ叾鏄尯鍒嗙浉浼笺�佺浉杩戠殑璇煶锛屽彂灞曞辜鍎跨殑瑷�璇惉瑙夎兘鍔涳紱浜屾槸鍦ㄥ噯纭惉闊崇殑鍩虹涓婏紝鍋氬埌鍚噦銆佺悊瑙ｆ寚浠よ姹傘��
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">鍙傝�冩父鎴�8-1</span></p>
+ <div class="tp">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <b
+ >甯濡堜拱涓滆タ锛堝皬鐝級<a id="w3"></a
+ ><a href="chapter008.html#m3"><sup>[3]</sup></a></b
+ >
+ </p>
+
+ <p><b>娓告垙鐩爣锛�</b></p>
+ <p>锛�1锛夎兘鍒嗚鲸鈥渏鈥濃�渜鈥濃�渪鈥濅綔澹版瘝鐨勫瓧闊炽��</p>
+ <p>锛�2锛夎兘鍚竻鎸囦护锛屽苟鎸夋寚浠ゅ仛浜嬨��</p>
+ <p><b>娓告垙鍑嗗锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 娓告垙鍓嶅皢娲诲姩瀹ょ殑涓�瑙掑竷缃垚濞冨▋瀹讹紝涓�瑙掑竷缃垚鑷�夊晢鍦猴紱鍟嗗満鍐呮斁鏈夊皬楦°�佸皬鏃椼�佸皬婧瓑甯︽湁鈥渏鈥濃�渜鈥濃�渪鈥濆０姣嶇殑鍗＄墖鑻ュ共寮犮��
+ </p>
+ <p><b>娓告垙鐜╂硶锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀鎵紨濡堝锛屽辜鍎挎壆婕斿瀛愩�傚濡堣锛氣�滃瀛愶紝濡堝璇蜂綘甯繖鍘诲晢鍦轰拱鍑犳牱涓�
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m3"></a><a href="chapter008.html#w3">[3]</a>
+ 寮犲姞钃夛紝鍗紵.瀛﹀墠鍎跨璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鎸囧锛籑锛�.涓婃捣锛氬鏃﹀ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2005锛�126.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="201">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(201) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">194</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 瑗裤�傚惉濂戒簡锛屽幓涔颁袱寮犲皬鏃楀崱鐗囥�佷笁寮犲皬楦″崱鐗囷紝璁颁綇浜嗗悧锛熲�濆瀛愭牴鎹寚浠ゅ幓鑷�夊晢鍦鸿喘鐗┿�傝喘鐗╁畬姣曞洖鍒板濡堣韩杈癸紝濡堝妫�鏌ユ槸鍚﹀畬鎴愪换鍔°�傚鎷块敊锛屽濡堝彲浠ュ啀閲嶅涓�娆℃寚浠わ紝璁╁瀛愰噸鏂颁拱涓�娆°��
+ </p>
+ <p><b>娓告垙瑙勫垯锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀瑕佺瓑骞煎効鍙戝鈥滃徑鍙藉徑鈥濋煶鍚庯紝鎵嶈兘缁欏辜鍎挎埓涓婂皬楦″ご楗帮紝濡傛灉骞煎効鍙戦煶涓嶆纭紝鍒欎笉鑳芥埓涓婂皬楦″ご楗般��
+ </p>
+ <p><br /></p>
+ <div class="videoBox">
+ <div class="videoItem">
+ <video
+ :src="videoUrl.v80"
+ webkit-playsinline="true"
+ x-webkit-airplay="true"
+ playsinline="true"
+ x5-video-orientation="h5"
+ x5-video-player-fullscreen="true"
+ x5-playsinline=""
+ controls
+ class="video-border w100"
+ ></video>
+ <div class="vname">{{ videoMd5.v80.name }}</div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <h5 id="e139">2.鍙戦煶娓告垙</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鍑嗙‘鍦板彂闊虫槸璇煶瀛︿範鐨勫熀鏈姹傘�傚辜鍎垮湪杩欎竴鏃舵湡鐢变簬鍙戦煶鍣ㄥ畼灏氭湭鍙戣偛瀹屽杽鎴栬�呯敓娲诲湪鏂硅█鍦板尯绛夊師鍥狅紝浼氬瓨鍦ㄥ彂闊充笉鍑嗙‘鐜拌薄銆傚洜姝わ紝鏁欏笀搴旀牴鎹辜鍎跨殑瀹為檯鎯呭喌锛屽垱璁鹃�傚悎鐨勫彂闊虫父鎴忚骞煎効缁冧範鍙戦煶锛屼粠鑰岃揪鍒板噯纭彂闊崇殑鐩殑銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�1锛夋槗鍙戦敊闊崇殑缁冧範銆傚湪骞煎効闃舵锛屽瓨鍦ㄤ竴浜涙槗鍙戦敊鐨勯煶锛屼富瑕佹湁鈥渏鈥濃�渜鈥濃�渪鈥濃�渮h鈥濃�渃h鈥濃�渟h鈥濃�渞鈥濃�渘鈥濃�渓鈥濈瓑锛屽挨鍏舵槸灏忕彮骞煎効锛屾暀甯堝彲浠ユ牴鎹湰鐝辜鍎跨殑瀹為檯鎯呭喌锛岄�夊彇骞煎効瀹规槗鍙戦敊鐨勯煶锛岀粍缁囧彂闊虫父鎴忥紝杈惧埌璁╁辜鍎垮彂鍑嗛煶鐨勭洰鐨勩�傚湪涓�涓彂闊虫父鎴忎腑锛屼笉閫傚悎鍑虹幇澶氫釜瀹规槗鍙戦敊鐨勯煶锛岄渶瑕佸惊搴忔笎杩涳紝閫愭笎鏀规鍙戦煶閿欒銆�
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">鍙傝�冩父鎴�8-2</span></p>
+ <div class="tp">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <b
+ >灏忛浮鍚冧笢瑗匡紙灏忕彮锛�<a id="w4"></a
+ ><a href="chapter008.html#m4"><sup>[4]</sup></a></b
+ >
+ </p>
+
+ <p><b>娓告垙鐩爣锛�</b></p>
+ <p>姝ｇ‘鍙戝嚭鈥滈浮鈥濃�滃悆鈥濈殑瀛楅煶銆�</p>
+ <p><b>娓告垙鍑嗗锛�</b></p>
+ <p>姣嶉浮銆佸皬楦＄殑澶撮グ鑻ュ共銆�</p>
+ <p><b>娓告垙鐜╂硶锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀鎵瘝楦★紝鎵嬫嬁灏忛浮澶撮グ銆傛父鎴忓紑濮嬶紝鏁欏笀璧板埌涓�涓辜鍎块潰鍓嶉棶锛氣�滄垜鐨勫皬楦″湪鍝噷锛熲�濊骞煎効灏卞彂鍑哄徑鍙藉徑鐨勫彨澹般�傛暀甯堝氨璇达細鈥滀綘鏄垜鐨勫皬楦°�傗�濆皢灏忛浮鐨勫ご楗扮粰鍏舵埓涓娿�傜洿鍒版瘡涓辜鍎块兘鎴翠笂澶撮グ銆傗�滄瘝楦♀�濆甫鈥滃皬楦♀�濆幓鎵鹃銆傛暀甯堣锛氣�滃皬楦″悆绫炽�傗�濆辜鍎胯共涓嬭韩瀛愬仛鍚冪背鍔ㄤ綔锛屽苟鍙戝嚭鍚冨悆鍚冪殑澹伴煶銆�
+ </p>
+ <p><b>娓告垙瑙勫垯锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀瑕佺瓑骞煎効鍙戝鈥滃徑鍙藉徑鈥濋煶鍚庯紝鎵嶈兘缁欏辜鍎挎埓涓婂皬楦″ご楗帮紝濡傛灉骞煎効鍙戦煶涓嶆纭紝鍒欎笉鑳芥埓涓婂皬楦″ご楗般��
+ </p>
+ <div class="videoBox">
+ <div class="videoItem">
+ <video
+ :src="videoUrl.v81"
+ webkit-playsinline="true"
+ x-webkit-airplay="true"
+ playsinline="true"
+ x5-video-orientation="h5"
+ x5-video-player-fullscreen="true"
+ x5-playsinline=""
+ controls
+ class="video-border w100"
+ ></video>
+ <div class="vname">{{ videoMd5.v81.name }}</div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m4"></a><a href="chapter008.html#w4">[4]</a>
+ 绁濆＋濯�.瀛﹀墠鍎跨璇█鏁欒偛锛籑锛�.鍖椾含锛氬寳浜笀鑼冨ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2010锛�90.鏈夊垹鏀�.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="202">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(202) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗叓绔� 骞煎効鍚娓告垙娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">195</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 锛�2锛夌籂姝ｆ柟瑷�鐨勭粌涔犮�傚湪鏂硅█鍦板尯鐢熸椿鐨勫辜鍎匡紝鍙戦煶浼氬彈鍒版柟瑷�鐨勫奖鍝嶃�傛暀甯堝彲浠ユ牴鎹柟瑷�鍖鸿闊冲拰鏅�氳瘽璇煶鐨勫尯鍒紝缁撳悎骞煎効鐨勫疄闄呭彂闊虫儏鍐碉紝璁捐鍙戦煶娓告垙锛岃繘琛屾湁閽堝鎬х殑缁冧範鍜屾寚瀵笺��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�3锛夊０璋冪殑缁冧範銆傚湪姹夊瓧涓闊崇浉鍚屻�佸０璋冧笉鍚岀殑瀛楋紝鎵�浠ｈ〃鐨勬剰鎬濅篃浼氭湁鎵�涓嶅悓锛屽鈥滀拱鈥濆拰鈥滃崠鈥濅互鍙娾�滈鈥濆拰鈥滆偉鈥濈瓑銆傛櫘閫氳瘽澹拌皟瀵瑰辜鍎垮彂闊虫湁寰堥噸瑕佺殑鎰忎箟锛屽洜鑰屽彂鍑嗘櫘閫氳瘽澹拌皟涔熸槸骞煎効璇█瀛︿範鐨勯噸瑕佸唴瀹广�傛暀甯堝彲浠ュ埄鐢ㄥ彂闊虫父鎴忥紝璁╁辜鍎垮湪杈ㄥ埆涓粌涔狅紝鍦ㄧ粌涔犱腑鎻愰珮鍒嗚鲸鑳藉姏锛屾帉鎻℃纭殑澹拌皟銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�4锛夊効鍖栭煶鐨勭粌涔犮�傚湪鏅�氳瘽涓紝鍎垮寲鍏锋湁鍖哄埆璇嶄箟銆佸尯鍒嗚瘝鎬х殑鍔熻兘锛屽澶达紙鑴戣锛夆�斿ご鍎匡紙棰嗗ご鐨勯棰嗭級锛涚洊锛堝姩璇嶏級鈥旂洊鍎匡紙鍚嶈瘝锛夈�傝繕鏈変竴绫诲効鍖栬〃绀哄枩鐖便�佷翰鍒囩殑鎰熸儏鑹插僵锛屽鑴歌泲鍎裤�佸皬瀛╁効锛涜繕鏈夎〃绀哄皯銆佸皬銆佽交绛夌姸鎬佸拰鎬ц川鐨勮瘝锛屼篃甯稿父鐢ㄥ埌鍎垮寲锛屽绫崇矑鍎裤�侀棬缂濆効绛夈�傚洜姝ゅ辜鍎垮緢鏈夊繀瑕佺粌涔犲効鍖栭煶鐨勬纭彂闊炽��
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">鍙傝�冩父鎴�8-3</span></p>
+ <div class="tp">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <b
+ >濞冨▋瀹堕噷鏈変粈涔堬紙涓彮锛�<a id="w5"></a
+ ><a href="chapter008.html#m5"><sup>[5]</sup></a></b
+ >
+ </p>
+
+ <p><b>娓告垙鐩爣锛�</b></p>
+ <p>1.鑳芥纭彂鍑哄効鍖栭煶銆�</p>
+ <p>2.鎰挎剰鐢ㄨ瑷�琛ㄨ揪鑷繁鐪嬪埌鐨勪簨鐗┿��</p>
+ <p>3.绉瀬鍙備笌娓告垙锛屽苟浠庝腑鎰熷彈鍒板揩涔愩��</p>
+ <p><b>娓告垙鍑嗗锛�</b></p>
+ <p>1.甯冪疆鍖鸿鈥滃▋濞冨鈥濓紝澶氭斁缃兘澶熺敤鍎垮寲闊虫潵琛ㄨ揪鐨勪簨鐗┿��</p>
+ <p>2.鏍囩鑻ュ共銆�</p>
+ <p><b>娓告垙鐜╂硶锛�</b></p>
+ <p>1.鐢ㄥ効姝屽紩鍏ヤ富棰樸��</p>
+ <p>
+ 鑰佸笀鏈楄鍎挎瓕锛氣�滃皬灏忓瓙鍎匡紝涓嶈椽鐜╁効銆傜敾灏忕尗鍎匡紝閽诲渾鍦堝効锛涚敾灏忕嫍鍎匡紝韫查棬鍙ｅ効锛岀敾灏忛浮鍎匡紝鍚冨皬绫冲効锛涚敾涓皬铏効锛岄《鐏槦鍎裤�傗�濆垰鎵嶇殑鍎挎瓕閲屾湁杩欎簺璇嶏細鈥滃皬瀛愬効銆佺帺鍎裤�佸皬鐚効銆佸渾鍦堝効銆佸皬鐙楀効銆侀棬鍙ｅ効銆佸皬楦″効銆佸皬绫冲効銆佸皬铏効銆佺伀鏄熷効鈥濓紝鍍忚繖鏍风殑璇嶅氨鏄効鍖栬瘝銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2.浠婂ぉ鑰佸笀甯﹀皬鏈嬪弸鍘诲挶浠殑濞冨▋瀹讹紝鐪嬭兘涓嶈兘鎵惧埌杩欎簺璇嶃�傦紙榧撳姳澶у澶氱湅澶氳锛屼篃鍙互鏈夊皬濂栧搧鈥滃皬鑺卞効鈥濄�傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀甯﹂骞煎効鍙傝濞冨▋瀹讹紝鍋氱ず鑼冿細鈥滃▋濞冨閲屽竷缃緱濂芥紓浜憖锛屾垜鐪嬭浜嗗皬绐楀笜鍎裤�佸皬鑺卞効銆佸皬搴婂効绛夌瓑锛屽皬鏈嬪弸浠粩缁嗙湅鐪嬶紝濞冨▋瀹堕噷杩樻湁浠�涔堜簨鐗╋紝鑳藉鍍忚�佸笀涓�鏍峰甫鐫�鈥榚r鈥欒繖涓煶鏉ヨ鐨勩�傗�濓紙鍙彁绀哄辜鍎跨湅鐪嬪▋濞冨閲岀殑灏忔湅鍙嬬┛鐨勨�斺�旇￥琛╁効銆侀瀷甯﹀効銆佹墸鍎裤�佽姳瑁欏効绛夛紱鐢ㄧ殑鈥斺�旀墜缁㈠効銆佸皬鍕哄効銆佸皬纰楀効銆佸皬閿呭効锛涘悆鐨勨�斺�旇眴瑙掑効銆佽眴鑺藉効銆侀潰鏉″効绛夈�傦級骞煎効鐢ㄥ効鍖栨纭〃杈句竴涓簨鐗╋紝鏁欏笀鍦ㄧ浉搴旂殑鐗╀綋涓婅创涓婃爣绛撅紝濡傛灉琛ㄨ揪閿欒锛屾暀甯堢籂姝ｃ��
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m5"></a><a href="chapter008.html#w5">[5]</a>
+ 鎺堣鏁欏笀锛氭渤鍖楃渷閭㈠彴甯傞偄鍙板幙骞煎効鍥肮鎴愭硴.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="203">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(203) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">196</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 3.娓告垙缁撴潫锛岀粰濞冨▋瀹剁収涓�寮犵収鐗囷紝璁╁皬鏈嬪弸鐪嬪埌浠栦滑鐨勬垚鏋滐紙鏍囩鏄渶濂界殑璇佹槑锛夛紝骞朵箰鍦ㄥ叾涓��
+ </p>
+ <p><b>娓告垙瑙勫垯锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効琛ㄨ堪鏃讹紝鍙互閲囧彇鍒嗙粍锛屾寚娲惧皬缁勪唬琛ㄦ潵鍥炵瓟锛涗篃鍙互鏄辜鍎胯嚜鐢辫〃杩般�傛棤璁烘槸鍝鏂瑰紡锛屽嚭鐜伴敊璇椂锛屾暀甯堥兘瑕佸強鏃剁籂姝ｃ��
+ </p>
+ <div class="videoBox">
+ <div class="videoItem">
+ <video
+ :src="videoUrl.v82"
+ webkit-playsinline="true"
+ x-webkit-airplay="true"
+ playsinline="true"
+ x5-video-orientation="h5"
+ x5-video-player-fullscreen="true"
+ x5-playsinline=""
+ controls
+ class="video-border w100"
+ ></video>
+ <div class="vname">{{ videoMd5.v82.name }}</div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p><br /></p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�5锛夌敤姘斿彂澹扮殑缁冧範銆傚辜鍎垮挨鍏舵槸灏忕彮骞煎効锛屼笉鑳藉緢濂藉湴鎺屾彙鐢ㄦ皵鍙戝０鐨勬柟娉曪紝杩欒〃鐜板湪锛氳璇濇椂锛屽挨鍏舵槸鐢ㄩ暱鍙ュ瓙琛ㄨ揪鏃讹紝鏈変笂姘斾笉鎺ヤ笅姘旂殑鎰熻锛涜繕鏈変竴浜涘辜鍎垮湪璇磋瘽鏃朵笉鑳芥纭湴鎶婃彙璇磋瘽鐨勯煶閲忥紝璇磋瘽鏃朵竴鑸互鍠婅瘽鐨勮姘斿嚭鐜帮紝涓嶈兘鏍规嵁瀹為檯鎯呭喌璋冩帶鑷繁鐨勯煶閲忋�傛暀甯堝彲浠ユ牴鎹渶瑕佽璁″彂闊虫父鎴忥紝璁粌骞煎効鎺у埗姘旀伅锛屾纭敤姘旓紝浠庤�岃揪鍒拌璇濊嚜鐒惰繛璐紝浜ゆ祦闊抽噺閫備腑鐨勭洰鏍囥��
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">鍙傝�冩父鎴�8-4</span></p>
+ <div class="tp">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <b
+ >鍞辨瓕姣旇禌锛堝皬鐝級<a id="w6"></a
+ ><a href="chapter008.html#m6"><sup>[6]</sup></a></b
+ >
+ </p>
+ <p><b>娓告垙鐩爣锛�</b></p>
+ <p>1.鐞嗚В鏁呬簨鍐呭锛岃兘澶熸ā浠垮皬楦°�佸皬楦�佸皬鐙椼�佸皬缇娿�佸皬鐚殑鍙０銆�</p>
+ <p>2.鎰熷彈鈥滀笉杞讳篃涓嶅搷锛屼笉蹇篃涓嶆參鈥濈殑澹伴煶鎵嶆槸鏈�濂藉惉鐨勫０闊炽��</p>
+ <p><b>娓告垙鍑嗗锛�</b></p>
+ <p>1.鐔熸倝鏁呬簨銆婂敱姝屾瘮璧涖�嬨��</p>
+ <p>2.灏忛浮銆佸皬楦�佸皬鐙椼�佸皬缇娿�佸皬鐚�佸皬鐧藉厰澶撮グ鑻ュ共銆�</p>
+ <p><b>娓告垙鐜╂硶锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄥ辜鍎跨啛鎮夋晠浜嬨�婂敱姝屾瘮璧涖�嬬殑鍩虹涓婏紝鏁欏笀鍙戝嚭灏忛浮銆佸皬楦�佸皬鐙椼�佸皬缇娿�佸皬鐚殑鍙０锛岃骞煎効杈ㄦ瀽銆傛瘮濡傦紝鏁欏笀鍙戝嚭灏忛浮鈥滃徑鍙藉徑锛屽徑鍙藉徑鈥濈殑澹伴煶锛屽辜鍎垮簲姝ｇ‘鍥炵瓟鈥滃皬楦″敱寰楀お杞讳簡鈥濓紝骞朵笖閲嶅鏁欏笀鈥滃徑鍙藉徑锛屽徑鍙藉徑鈥濈殑澹伴煶锛屾劅鍙楀お杞荤殑璇煶銆傚鏋滆鲸鏋愪笉姝ｇ‘锛屾暀甯堥渶瑕侀噸鏂板彂涓�娆￠煶锛屾彁绀哄辜鍎胯鲸鏋愩�傚湪骞煎効鐔熸倝娓告垙鐨勫熀纭�涓婏紝鍒嗙粍娓告垙銆�
+ </p>
+ <p><b>娓告垙瑙勫垯锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄦ暀甯堝彂闊虫椂锛屽辜鍎胯淇濇寔瀹夐潤锛涘鏋滃辜鍎垮洖绛斾笉姝ｇ‘锛屾暀甯堣閲嶆柊鍙戜竴娆￠煶銆�
+ </p>
+ <p><b>闄勬晠浜嬶細銆婂敱姝屾瘮璧涖��</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 鏈変竴澶╋紝灏忛浮銆佸皬楦�佸皬鐙椼�佸皬缇婂拰灏忕尗姣旇禌鍞辨瓕锛屽畠浠灏忕櫧鍏斿仛璇勫垽鍛樸��
+ </p>
+ <p>灏忛浮绗竴涓敱锛氣�滃徑鍙藉徑锛屽徑鍙藉徑銆傗�濆皬鐧藉厰璇达細鈥滃皬楦″敱寰楀お杞讳簡銆傗��</p>
+ <p>灏忛腑鎺ョ潃鍞憋細鈥滃槑鍢庡槑锛屽槑鍢庡槑銆傗�濆皬鐧藉厰璇达細鈥滃皬楦敱寰楀お鍝嶄簡銆傗��</p>
+ <p>
+ 灏忕嫍璇达細鈥滄垜鏉ュ敱銆傗�濆畠寰堝揩鍦拌窇鍒板墠闈㈠敱锛氣�滄豹姹豹锛屾豹姹豹銆傗�濆皬鐧藉厰璇达細鈥滃皬鐙楀敱寰楀お蹇簡銆傗��
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m6"></a><a href="chapter008.html#w6">[6]</a>
+ 鏁欒偛閮ㄦ暀鑲茬鐞嗕俊鎭腑蹇冪粍.鍏ㄥ浗浼樼骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩璇句緥璇勬瀽锛籑锛�.閲嶅簡锛氳タ鍗楀笀鑼冨ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2011锛�7-11.鎺堣鏁欏笀锛氬寳浜競椤轰箟鍖哄垢绂忓辜鍎垮洯鑳℃棴绾紝鏈夊垹鏀�.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="204">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(204) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗叓绔� 骞煎効鍚娓告垙娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">197</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 灏忕緤璇达細鈥滄垜鏉ュ敱銆傗�濆畠鎱㈠悶鍚炲湴璺戝埌鍓嶉潰鍞憋細鈥滃挬鈥斺�斿挬鈥斺�斿挬鈥斺�斺�濆皬鐧藉厰璇达細鈥滃皬缇婂敱寰楀お鎱簡鈥濄��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏈�鍚庯紝杞埌灏忕尗鍞憋紝灏忕尗涓嶆厡涓嶅繖鍦拌蛋鍒板墠闈紝鍞辫捣鏉ワ細鈥滃柕锛屽柕锛屽柕銆傗�濆皬鐧藉厰璇达細鈥滃皬鐚敱寰椾笉蹇篃涓嶆參锛屽０闊充笉灏忎篃涓嶅ぇ锛屽ソ鍚瀬浜嗭紝灏忕尗搴旇寰楃涓�鍚嶃�傗��
+ </p>
+ <div class="videoBox">
+ <div class="videoItem">
+ <video
+ :src="videoUrl.v83"
+ webkit-playsinline="true"
+ x-webkit-airplay="true"
+ playsinline="true"
+ x5-video-orientation="h5"
+ x5-video-player-fullscreen="true"
+ x5-playsinline=""
+ controls
+ class="video-border w100"
+ ></video>
+ <div class="vname">{{ videoMd5.v83.name }}</div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <h4 id="d136">锛堜簩锛夎瘝姹囨父鎴�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 璇嶆眹娓告垙鏄互涓板瘜璇嶆眹鍜屾纭繍鐢ㄨ瘝姹囦负鐩殑鐨勬父鎴忋�傚辜鍎挎湡璇嶆眹鏁伴噺澧為暱寰堝揩锛屽嚑涔庢瘡骞村闀夸竴鍊嶏紝鍏锋湁鐩寸嚎涓婂崌鐨勮秼鍔裤�傚辜鍎胯瑷�瀛︿範鐨勪竴涓噸瑕佺洰鏍囧氨鏄Н绱ぇ閲忕殑璇嶆眹锛屼赴瀵岃〃杈剧殑璇█鍐呭銆傞�氳繃璇嶆眹娓告垙鍙互鏁欑粰骞煎効涓�浜涙柊鐨勮瘝姹囷紝涔熷彲浠ュ府鍔╁辜鍎跨悊瑙ｅ凡瀛﹁繃鐨勮瘝姹囷紝浠庤�屾彁楂樺辜鍎跨殑璇█琛ㄨ揪鑳藉姏銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄤ赴瀵屽辜鍎跨殑璇嶆眹鏃讹紝瀵逛笉鍚屽勾榫勭殑骞煎効锛屽唴瀹逛笂瑕佹湁涓嶅悓鐨勪晶閲嶅拰瑕佹眰銆傛瘮濡傦紝灏忕彮搴斿涔犺繍鐢ㄨ兘鐞嗚В鐨勮瘝锛屼晶閲嶄簬鍛ㄥ洿甯歌鐨勭墿浣撳拰鍚勭娲诲姩鐨勫悕璇嶄笌鍔ㄨ瘝銆備腑鐝辜鍎挎帉鎻＄殑璇嶆眹閲忚澶у箙搴﹀鍔狅紝闄や簡鍚嶈瘝鍜屽姩璇嶅锛岃繕闇�瑕佸ぇ閲忕殑褰㈠璇嶃�佹暟閲忚瘝銆佷汉绉颁唬璇嶃�佸父鐢ㄧ殑鍓瘝鍜岃繛璇嶇瓑銆傚ぇ鐝辜鍎垮湪宸╁浐涓彮宸叉帉鎻¤瘝姹囩殑鍩虹涓婏紝瑕佸ぇ閲忓涔犲疄璇嶏紱闅忕潃鎶借薄鎬濈淮鐨勫彂灞曪紝搴旈�愭鎺屾彙涓�浜涙鎷�ц緝楂樼殑鍚嶈瘝锛屽瀹跺叿銆侀鍏枫�佷氦閫氬伐鍏风瓑锛涜繕闇�瑕佹帉鎻′竴浜涘悓涔夎瘝鍜屽弽涔夎瘝锛涘涔犱竴浜涘父鐢ㄨ櫄璇嶏紙濡傚湪銆佸悜銆佷粠绛変粙璇嶏級鍜屽叧鑱旇瘝璇紙鈥滃洜涓衡�︹�︽墍浠モ�︹�︹�濃�滀笉浣嗏�︹�﹁�屼笖鈥︹�︹�濈瓑锛夈��
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">鍙傝�冩父鎴�8-5</span></p>
+ <div class="tp">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <b
+ >璋佹潵浜嗭紙灏忕彮锛�<a id="w7"></a
+ ><a href="chapter008.html#m7"><sup>[7]</sup></a></b
+ >
+ </p>
+
+ <p><b>娓告垙鐩爣锛�</b></p>
+ <p>1.鑳芥纭繍鐢ㄥ姩璇嶁�滆烦鈥濃�滄父鈥濃�滆窇鈥濃�滈鈥濃�滅埇鈥濈瓑銆�</p>
+ <p>2.鑳藉揩閫熷湴瀵瑰惉鍒扮殑鍙ュ瓙鍋氬嚭鍙嶅簲銆�</p>
+ <p>3.鎰挎剰鍙傚姞娓告垙锛屽苟鎰熷彈鍒板揩涔愩��</p>
+ <p><b>娓告垙鍑嗗锛�</b></p>
+ <p>鐢绘湁灏忓厰銆佸皬铏�佸皬楦熴�佸皬楸笺�佸皬椹瓑鍔ㄧ墿鐨勫崱鐗囪嫢骞插紶銆�</p>
+ <p><b>娓告垙鐜╂硶锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀鎷垮嚭涓�娌撳崱鐗囷紝璇蜂竴涓辜鍎夸笂鏉ワ紝浠绘剰鎶藉彇涓�寮犮�傚鎶藉埌灏忛笩锛屽氨璇粹�滃皬楦熼椋炩�濓紝鍏ㄤ綋骞煎効灏变竴璧峰璇粹�滈椋炩�濓紝骞跺仛灏忛笩椋炵殑鍔ㄤ綔銆傛瘡鍚嶅辜鍎垮彲浠ヨ繛缁娊涓夊紶鍗＄墖锛岀劧鍚庤鍏朵粬骞煎効缁х画娓告垙銆傚鏋滄娊鍗＄墖鍚庯紝骞煎効鐢ㄩ敊浜嗗姩璇嶏紝灏变笉鑳藉啀缁х画鎶藉崱鐗囦簡銆傛暀甯堝彛杩扳�滃皬楦熼椋炩�濓紝骞煎効杈硅鈥滈椋炩�濊竟鍋氶鐨勫姩浣溿�傚鏋滄暀甯堝彛杩扳�滃皬楦熸父娓糕�濓紝骞煎効鍚埌鏁欏笀鐢ㄩ敊浜嗗姩璇嶏紝涓嶈兘璺熻鍜屽仛鍔ㄤ綔锛屽惁鍒欑畻杈撱�傝娓告垙鍙互閲囧彇绔炶禌鐨勬柟寮忚繘琛屻��
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m7"></a><a href="chapter008.html#w7">[7]</a>
+ 寮犲姞钃夛紝鍗紵.瀛﹀墠鍎跨璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鎸囧锛籑锛�.涓婃捣锛氬鏃﹀ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2005锛�127.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="205">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(205) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">198</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p><b>娓告垙瑙勫垯锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 鍔ㄤ綔椤讳笌璇村嚭鐨勫姩璇嶄竴鑷淬�傚綋涓�鍚嶅辜鍎垮洖绛旈棶棰樻椂锛屽叾浠栧辜鍎夸笉鍙互杩涜鍔ㄤ綔鍜岃█璇彁绀恒��
+ </p>
+ <div class="videoBox">
+ <div class="videoItem">
+ <video
+ :src="videoUrl.v84"
+ webkit-playsinline="true"
+ x-webkit-airplay="true"
+ playsinline="true"
+ x5-video-orientation="h5"
+ x5-video-player-fullscreen="true"
+ x5-playsinline=""
+ controls
+ class="video-border w100"
+ ></video>
+ <div class="vname">{{ videoMd5.v84.name }}</div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <h4 id="d137">锛堜笁锛夊彞瀛愭父鎴�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鍙ュ瓙娓告垙鏄互璁粌骞煎効鎸夎娉曡鑼冩纭粍璇嶆垚鍙ワ紝骞舵纭繍鐢ㄥ悇绉嶅彞寮忎笌鍙ュ瀷涓虹洰鐨勭殑娓告垙銆傚辜鍎挎帉鎻″彞瀛愬叿鏈変竴瀹氱殑瑙勫緥鎬э紝濡傚彞鍨嬬敱绠�鍗曞埌澶嶆潅锛涘彞瀛愯姘旂敱闄堣堪鍙ュ彂灞曞埌鐤戦棶鍙ャ�佺浣垮彞銆佹劅鍙瑰彞锛涘彞瀛愬唴瀹归暱搴﹁〃鐜颁负浠庢棤淇グ鐨勫彞瀛愬埌鏈変慨楗扮殑鍙ュ瓙銆傚彞瀛愭父鎴忓彲浠ユ湁鎰忚瘑鍦板府鍔╁辜鍎胯繘琛岀粍璇嶆垚鍙ョ殑缁冧範锛屽辜鍎块�氳繃涓撻棬鐨勯泦涓涔犺繀閫熷湴鎶婃彙鏌愪竴绉嶅彞寮忕殑鐗圭偣涓庤寰嬶紝骞跺湪灏濊瘯杩愮敤杩囩▼涓帉鎻″彞鍨嬨�傛暀甯堝湪閫夋嫨缁冧範鍙ュ瓙娓告垙鏃讹紝搴斾簡瑙ｅ辜鍎跨殑骞撮緞鐗圭偣鍙婃湰鐝辜鍎跨殑瀹為檯鎯呭喌锛屾父鎴忛毦鏄撶▼搴﹀簲閫傚綋锛屼娇骞煎効鍦ㄦ父鎴忎腑浣撻獙鍒版垚鍔熷拰蹇箰銆�
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">鍙傝�冩父鎴�8-6</span></p>
+ <div class="tp">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <b
+ >灏忓姩鐗╃埍鍚冪殑椋熺墿锛堝皬鐝級<a id="w8"></a
+ ><a href="chapter008.html#m8"><sup>[8]</sup></a></b
+ >
+ </p>
+
+ <p><b>娓告垙鐩爣锛�</b></p>
+ <p>1.瀛﹁绠�鍗曞彞鈥溍椕楃埍鍚兠椕椻�濄��</p>
+ <p>2.鐭ラ亾灏忓姩鐗╁枩娆㈠悆浠�涔堥鐗╋紝鑳芥纭湴缁欏皬鍔ㄧ墿鍠傞銆�</p>
+ <p>3.鎰挎剰鍙傚姞娓告垙锛屽苟鎰熷彈鍒板揩涔愩��</p>
+ <p><b>娓告垙鍑嗗锛�</b></p>
+ <p>1.灏忓姩鐗╄浆鐩橈紝涓婇潰鐢绘湁鐙椼�佺尗銆佸厰瀛愩�佺唺鐚�佸皬缇娿��</p>
+ <p>2.鑲夐澶淬�佸皬楸笺�佽儭钀濆崪銆佺瀛愩�佽崏鐨勫浘鐗囥��</p>
+ <p>
+ 娓告垙鐜╂硶锛氭暀甯堜笌骞煎効涓�璧风帺杞浆鐩橈紝鏁欏笀蹇靛効姝岋細鈥滆浆杞洏锛岃浆杞洏锛屾嫧涓�鎷紝杞竴杞紝灏忔湅鍙嬩滑璁ょ湡鐪嬶紝灏忓姩鐗╀滑瑕佸悆楗�傗�濊浆鐩樺仠姝㈠悗锛屽辜鍎胯鍑哄皬鍔ㄧ墿鐨勫悕绉帮紝璇村嚭灏忓姩鐗╁枩娆㈠悆鐨勯鐗╋紝濡傗�滃皬鐚埍鍚冮奔鈥濓紝骞跺皢鎵嬩腑鐨勫皬楸煎浘鐗囬�佺粰灏忕尗锛屽弽澶嶇帺锛岀洿鍒板皢鍥剧墖閫佸畬涓烘銆傝浆鐩樺彲浠ョ敱鏁欏笀锛屼篃鍙互鐢卞辜鍎挎搷浣滐紱鍙互杞祦锛屼篃鍙互鎸囧畾骞煎効鍥炵瓟銆�
+ </p>
+ <p><b>娓告垙瑙勫垯锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鏈変袱娆″洖绛旀満浼氾紝濡傛灉涓ゆ閮芥病鏈夌瓟瀵癸紝瑕佽繘琛屾墠鑹鸿〃婕旓紱骞煎効瑕佽瀹屾暣鐨勫彞瀛愨�溍椕楃埍鍚兠椕椻�濓紝鍚﹀垯涓嶆纭��
+ </p>
+ <div class="videoBox">
+ <div class="videoItem">
+ <video
+ :src="videoUrl.v85"
+ webkit-playsinline="true"
+ x-webkit-airplay="true"
+ playsinline="true"
+ x5-video-orientation="h5"
+ x5-video-player-fullscreen="true"
+ x5-playsinline=""
+ controls
+ class="video-border w100"
+ ></video>
+ <div class="vname">{{ videoMd5.v85.name }}</div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <h4 id="d138">锛堝洓锛夋弿杩版�ф父鎴�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鎻忚堪鎬ф父鎴忎富瑕佹槸璁粌骞煎効杩愮敤姣旇緝杩炶疮鐨勮瑷�锛屽叿浣撱�佺敓鍔ㄣ�佸舰璞″湴鎻忚堪浜嬬墿鐨勭壒寰侊紝浠ユ彁楂樺彛璇〃杈捐兘鍔涗负鐩殑鐨勬父鎴忋�傝繖绫绘父鎴忔槸鍦ㄥ辜鍎垮叿澶囦簡涓�瀹氱殑璇�
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m8"></a><a href="chapter008.html#w8">[8]</a>
+ 灏忓姩鐗╃埍鍚冪殑椋熺墿[M].https锛�//www.jy135.com/ziyuan/jiaoan/558411.html锛�2022-6-30.鏈夊垹鏀�.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="206">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(206) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗叓绔� 骞煎効鍚娓告垙娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">199</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 闊炽�佽瘝姹囥�佸彞瀛愮殑鍩虹涓婅繘琛岀殑锛岃姹傚辜鍎胯瑷�瀹屾暣銆佹祦鐣呫�佽繛璐紝鏄竴绉嶇浉瀵硅緝楂橀毦搴︾殑鍚娓告垙锛屾墍浠ヤ竴鑸�傜敤浜庝腑鐝�佸ぇ鐝辜鍎裤��
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">鍙傝�冩父鎴�8-7</span></p>
+ <div class="tp">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <b
+ >榄旀硶绠憋紙涓彮锛�<a id="w9"></a
+ ><a href="chapter008.html#m9"><sup>[9]</sup></a></b
+ >
+ </p>
+
+ <p><b>娓告垙鐩爣锛�</b></p>
+ <p>1.鑳界敤瀹屾暣璇█鎻忚堪鍑烘按鏋滅殑鐗瑰緛銆�</p>
+ <p>2.鑳芥牴鎹弿杩扮寽鍑烘按鏋滅殑鍚嶇О銆�</p>
+ <p>3.鎰挎剰鍙傚姞娓告垙锛屽苟鎰熷彈鍒板揩涔愩��</p>
+ <p><b>娓告垙鍑嗗锛�</b></p>
+ <p>绠卞瓙涓�涓紝姘存灉閬撳叿鑻ュ共涓��</p>
+ <p><b>娓告垙鐜╂硶锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 璇蜂竴涓辜鍎夸笂鏉ヤ粠绠卞瓙閲屾懜涓�涓按鏋滐紝涓嶅憡璇夊埆浜猴紝鍙粠棰滆壊銆佸ぇ灏忋�佸懗閬撶瓑鏂归潰璇村嚭姘存灉鐨勭壒寰侊紝璇峰叾浣欏辜鍎跨寽娴嬫按鏋滃悕绉帮紝鐚滃嚭鏉ョ殑骞煎効涓婃潵鎽告按鏋滅户缁父鎴忋��
+ </p>
+ <p><b>娓告垙瑙勫垯锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 鎻忚堪鐨勫辜鍎夸笉鑳借鍑烘按鏋滅殑鍚嶇О锛涘鏋滃叾浣欏辜鍎跨寽涓嶅嚭鏉ワ紝鎻忚堪鐨勫辜鍎胯杩涜鎵嶈壓琛ㄦ紨銆�
+ </p>
+ <p><b>澶囨敞锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 榄旀硶绠遍噷鐨勯亾鍏峰彲浠ュ彉鍖栵紝鍙互鍙戝睍骞煎効瀵瑰叾浠栦簨鐗╃殑鎻忚堪锛屾瘮濡傦紝榄旀硶绠遍噷鍙互鏀剧帺鍏凤紝璁╁辜鍎挎弿杩扮帺鍏风瓑銆�
+ </p>
+
+ <div class="videoBox">
+ <div class="videoItem">
+ <video
+ :src="videoUrl.v86"
+ webkit-playsinline="true"
+ x-webkit-airplay="true"
+ playsinline="true"
+ x5-video-orientation="h5"
+ x5-video-player-fullscreen="true"
+ x5-playsinline=""
+ controls
+ class="video-border w100"
+ ></video>
+ <div class="vname">{{ videoMd5.v86.name }}</div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <h4 id="d139">锛堜簲锛夋晠浜嬭〃婕旀父鎴�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鏁呬簨琛ㄦ紨娓告垙鏄敱鏁欏笀缁勭粐鐨勶紝浠ユ晠浜嬩负绾跨储锛屽府鍔╁辜鍎跨悊瑙ｄ笌浣跨敤鏂囧璇█浠ュ強鍙戝睍骞煎効闈㈠浠栦汉鑷劧澶ф柟鍦拌〃杈剧殑娓告垙銆傚畠鍜岃嚜涓昏〃婕旀父鎴忎笉鍚岋紝涓嶆槸骞煎効鑷彂鑷ū鐨勶紝鑰屾槸鏁欏笀鍒涜鐨勩�佹湁鏄庣‘鐨勬暀鑲茬洰鐨勭殑娓告垙娲诲姩銆�
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">鍙傝�冩父鎴�8-8</span></p>
+ <div class="tp">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <b
+ >銆婄豢鍙惰埞銆嬶紙涓彮锛�<a id="w10"></a
+ ><a href="chapter008.html#m10"><sup>[10]</sup></a></b
+ >
+ </p>
+ <p><b>娓告垙鐩爣锛�</b></p>
+ <p>1.鑳芥寜鏁呬簨鎯呰妭鍜岃鑹插璇濊繘琛岃〃婕斻��</p>
+ <p>2.灏濊瘯鐢ㄤ笉鍚屾柟娉曡〃鐜扮豢鍙惰埞銆�</p>
+ <p>3.绉瀬鍙備笌锛屾効鎰忎笌鍒汉鍚堜綔銆�</p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m9"></a><a href="chapter008.html#w9">[9]</a>
+ 榄旀硶绠�.http锛�//www.baby611.com/jiaoan/zb/yyan/201209/1093018.html锛�2023-6-30.鏈夊垹鏀�.
+ </p>
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m10"></a><a href="chapter008.html#w10">[10]</a>
+ 缁垮彾鑸�.https锛�//wenku.so.com/d/a1440e3f9a758a632ff7db901a752138锛�2023-6-30.鏈夊垹鏀�.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="207">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(207) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">200</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p><b>娓告垙鍑嗗锛�</b></p>
+ <p>1.灏忛浮銆佸皬鐙椼�佸皬缇婂ご楗板拰閬撳叿锛堟澗绱у甫瑁呴グ鎴愮豢鍙惰埞锛夈��</p>
+ <p>2.骞煎効鐔熸倝鏁呬簨銆婄豢鍙惰埞銆嬶紝浜嬪厛鎸囧涓埆骞煎効琛ㄦ紨銆�</p>
+ <p><b>娓告垙杩囩▼锛�</b></p>
+ <p>1.澶嶈堪鏁呬簨锛屽府鍔╁辜鍎垮洖蹇嗘晠浜嬫儏鑺傦紝婵�鍙戝辜鍎垮弬鍔犳父鎴忕殑鍏磋叮銆�</p>
+ <p>2.娆ｈ祻鑰佸笀鍜屼釜鍒辜鍎跨ず鑼冭〃婕旀晠浜嬨�婄豢鍙惰埞銆嬨��</p>
+ <p>
+ 缁垮彾鑸圭敱涓や釜骞煎効鎵嬫媺鎵嬫壆婕旓紝闅忕潃瑙掕壊鐨勫澶氾紝鏇村鐨勫皬鏈嬪弸鎵嬫媺鎵嬫壆婕旂豢鍙惰埞銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>璁ㄨ锛�</p>
+ <p>
+ 灏忓姩鐗╄繃涓嶄簡娌虫椂锛屾槸鎬庢牱鐨勫績鎯咃紵琛ㄦ儏鏄粈涔堟牱鐨勶紵缁垮彾鑸瑰府鍔╁皬鍔ㄧ墿鎴愬姛杩囨渤锛屽皬鍔ㄧ墿鍙堜細鏄�庢牱鐨勫績鎯咃紵琛ㄦ儏鏄粈涔堟牱鐨勶紵
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 缁垮彾鑸瑰彲浠ョ敱鍑犱釜骞煎効鎵嬫媺鎵嬭〃婕旓紝杩樺彲浠ョ敤浠�涔堝姙娉曟潵琛ㄧ幇缁垮彾鑸归�愭笎鍙樺ぇ锛燂紙濡傚埄鐢ㄦ澗绱у甫绛夐亾鍏凤級
+ </p>
+ <p>鎻愬嚭娓告垙瑕佹眰锛�</p>
+ <p>锛�1锛夎鐪熸壆婕旇鑹诧紝褰㈣薄鍦拌〃婕旀晠浜嬫儏鑺傘��</p>
+ <p>锛�2锛夊彲浠ョ敤涓嶅悓鏂规硶琛ㄧ幇涓嶄竴鏍风殑缁垮彾鑸广��</p>
+ <p>3.骞煎効鍒嗙粍琛ㄦ紨锛氭寜鎰忔効閫夋嫨瑙掕壊锛屽悎浣滆〃婕斻��</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀瑙傚療骞煎効鏄惁鎸夎鑹插厛鍚庣殑椤哄簭鍑哄満锛岃兘鍚﹁繍鐢ㄨ瑷�銆佸姩浣滅瓑鏂瑰紡琛ㄧ幇涓嶅悓鐨勮鑹诧紝榧撳姳骞煎効鐢ㄤ笉鍚屾柟娉曡〃鐜颁笉涓�鏍风殑缁垮彾鑸广��
+ </p>
+ <p><b>闄勬晠浜嬶細銆婄豢鍙惰埞銆�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 灏忛浮銆佸皬鐙椼�佸皬缇婃潵鍒版渤杈癸紝瀹冧滑鎯宠繃娌筹紝鍙槸娌℃湁鑸广�傛渤杈圭殑缁垮彾闂皬楦★細鈥滀綘杩囨渤鍋氫粈涔堝憖锛熲�濆皬楦¤锛氣�滈腑濡堝鐥呬簡锛屾垜杩囨渤缁欓腑濡堝璇峰尰鐢熴�傗�濈豢鍙堕棶灏忕嫍锛氣�滀綘杩囨渤鍋氫粈涔堝憖锛熲�濆皬鐙楄锛氣�滄垜杩囨渤鎵捐倝楠ㄥご鍚冦�傗�濈豢鍙跺張闂皬缇婏細鈥滀綘杩囨渤鍋氫粈涔堬紵鈥濆皬缇婅锛氣�滅尓濡堝瑕佺敓瀛╁瓙浜嗭紝鎴戣繃娌崇粰鐚濡堟壘浜涘共鑽夊灚绐濄�傗��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 缁垮彾鍚簡灏忓姩鐗╀滑鍥炵瓟锛岃閬擄細鈥滄垜閫佷綘浠繃娌筹紝灏忛浮鍏堜笂鑸瑰惂銆傗�濆皬鍔ㄧ墿浠锛氣�滀綘閭ｄ箞灏忥紝鎬庝箞鑳藉甫鎴戜滑杩囨渤鍛紵鈥濈豢鍙惰锛氣�滀笂鏉ュ惂锛屾垜浼氬彉澶х殑銆傗�濆皬楦′笂鍘讳簡锛岀豢鍙舵灉鐒跺彉澶т簡銆傜豢鍙跺張璇达細鈥滃皬鐙椾笂鑸瑰惂銆傗�濆皬鐙楄锛氣�滆繕鑳界珯涓嬫垜鍚楋紵鈥濈豢鍙惰锛氣�滆兘锛佲�濆皬鐙椾笂鍘讳簡锛岀豢鍙跺張鍙樺ぇ浜嗕竴浜涖�傜豢鍙舵帴鐫�鍙堣灏忕緤锛氣�滃皬缇婁笂鑸瑰惂銆傗�濆皬缇婁笂鍘讳簡銆傜豢鍙跺彉寰楁洿澶т簡锛屽氨鍍忎竴鏉″皬鑸广�傜豢鍙舵妸灏忛浮銆佸皬鐙椼�佸皬缇婇�佸埌浜嗘渤鐨勫宀革紝灏忓姩鐗╀滑鍋氬畬鑷繁瑕佸仛鐨勪簨锛屽張涔樼潃缁垮彾鑸瑰洖瀹朵簡銆�
+ </p>
+ <h2 id="b020">绗簩鑺傘��鍚娓告垙鐨勮璁′笌缁勭粐鎸囧</h2>
+ <h3 id="c053">涓�銆佸惉璇存父鎴忕殑璁捐</h3>
+ <p>
+ 涓�涓畬鏁寸殑鍚娓告垙涓�鑸寘鎷父鎴忕洰鏍囥�佹父鎴忓噯澶囥�佹父鎴忕帺娉曚互鍙婃父鎴忚鍒欏洓
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="208">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(208) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗叓绔� 骞煎効鍚娓告垙娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">201</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 涓儴鍒嗐�傜涓�锛屽湪娓告垙鐩爣涓鏄庣‘銆佸叿浣撳湴鍐欏嚭璇█鏁欒偛瑕佹眰锛屽嵆閫氳繃璇█娓告垙娲诲姩鎵�瑕佽揪鍒扮殑璇█鏁欏鐩爣銆傜浜岋紝娓告垙鍑嗗鍚屽叾浠栬瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩涓殑娲诲姩鍑嗗涓�鏍凤紝閮芥槸涓轰簡鏈夋晥鍦板畬鎴愯瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勪换鍔℃墍鍋氱殑鍑嗗宸ヤ綔锛屾父鎴忓噯澶囧緱瓒婂厖鍒嗐�佽秺鍏蜂綋锛岃秺鏈夊埄浜庢父鎴忕殑椤哄埄寮�灞曘�傜涓夛紝娓告垙鐜╂硶鍜岃鍒欐槸娓告垙鐨勪富瑕侀儴鍒嗭紝娓告垙鐩爣琚瀹氬湪娓告垙鐜╂硶鍜岃鍒欎箣涓紝骞煎効鎸夌収娓告垙鐜╂硶鍜岃鍒欓�愭瀹屾垚娓告垙锛屽悓鏃朵篃瀹屾垚浜嗗惉璇存父鎴忕殑鐩爣銆傜鍥涳紝鍚娓告垙蹇呴』娉ㄩ噸瓒ｅ懗鎬э紝浠ヨ皟鍔ㄥ辜鍎垮弬涓庢父鎴忕殑绉瀬鎬э紝鍦ㄦ父鎴忕殑瀹芥澗銆佹剦鎮︽皼鍥翠腑瀹屾垚鍚娓告垙鎵�璁惧畾鐨勭洰鏍囥��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d140">锛堜竴锛夎瀹氬惉璇存父鎴忕殑鐩爣</h4>
+ <p>
+ 銆婄翰瑕併�嬭瑷�鏁欒偛鐩爣涓猴細鈥滀箰鎰忎笌浜轰氦璋堬紝璁茶瘽绀艰矊锛涙敞鎰忓�惧惉瀵规柟璁茶瘽锛岃兘鐞嗚В鏃ュ父鐢ㄨ锛涜兘娓呮鍦拌鍑鸿嚜宸辨兂璇寸殑浜嬨�傗�濊繖鏄辜鍎挎湡璇█鍙戝睍鐨勬�荤洰鏍囥�傘�婃寚鍗椼�嬭繕鏍规嵁骞煎効璇█鍙戝睍鐨勫勾榫勭壒鐐癸紝瀵逛笉鍚屽勾榫勬骞煎効璇█鐨勫彂灞曠洰鏍囪繘琛屼簡闃愯堪锛岃繖涓哄辜鍎垮洯璇█鏁欒偛骞撮緞娈电洰鏍囨彁渚涗簡鏂瑰悜鎬у弬鑰冦�傚湪鍒跺畾鍏蜂綋鐨勫惉璇存父鎴忕洰鏍囨椂锛岄櫎浜嗕笂杩板辜鍎胯瑷�鍙戝睍鎬荤洰鏍囧拰闃舵鎬х洰鏍囧锛屾暀甯堣繕闇�瑕佸叧娉ㄦ湰鐝辜鍎胯瑷�鍙戝睍鐨勫疄闄呮按骞冲拰骞煎効鐨勫叴瓒ｏ紝浠ユ湡瀹屾垚閫傚悎鏈彮骞煎効鐨勮瑷�鏁欏浠诲姟銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d141">锛堜簩锛夐�夋嫨鍚娓告垙鐨勫唴瀹�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄩ�夋嫨鍚娓告垙鍐呭鏃讹紝闇�瑕佹牴鎹辜鍎跨殑韬績鍙戝睍姘村钩杩涜閫夋嫨銆傛瘮濡傦紝瑙掕壊鎵紨銆佺珵璧涖�佹帰绌躲�佹晠浜嬭〃婕旂瓑涓嶅悓鎬ц川鐨勬父鎴忓洜绱犲叿鏈変笉鍚岀殑骞撮緞閫傚疁鎬э紝鏁欏笀鍦ㄨ嚜缂栨父鎴忔椂锛岄�夌敤鐨勬父鎴忓洜绱犻渶瑕佺鍚堝辜鍎跨殑骞撮緞鐗圭偣銆備緥濡傦紝瑙掕壊鎵紨鎬ц川鐨勫惉璇存父鎴忔瘮杈冮�傚悎涓彮銆佸皬鐝殑骞煎効锛岀珵璧涙�ц川鐨勫惉璇存父鎴忔瘮杈冮�傚悎澶х彮鐨勫辜鍎裤�傛瘮濡傦紝娓告垙鈥滆皝鏉ヤ簡鈥濓紙瑙佸弬鑰冩父鎴�8-5锛夊氨鏄�氳繃鏁欏笀鎴栧辜鍎垮彂鍑烘寚浠わ紝骞煎効杩涜鍔ㄤ綔琛ㄦ紨鏉ョ粍缁囩殑锛屾瘮杈冮�傚悎灏忕彮骞煎効锛涜�屸�滃皬灏忚京璁鸿禌鈥樼敺瀛╄涓嶈璁╃潃濂冲鈥欌�濓紙瑙佹椿鍔ㄦ渚�8-1锛夊氨鏄竴涓珵璧涙�ц川鐨勬父鎴忥紝姣旇緝閫傚悎鍦ㄥぇ鐝紑灞曘��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d142">锛堜笁锛夋瀯鎬濆惉璇存父鎴忕殑鐜╂硶</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鏋勬�濆惉璇存父鎴忕殑鐜╂硶锛岃鏍规嵁鍚娓告垙鐨勭洰鏍囥�佸唴瀹规潵杩涜璁捐銆傛父鎴忕殑鐜╂硶鏄父鎴忚繃绋嬩腑鐨勬搷浣滆姹傦紝鏄惉璇存父鎴忕殑鐩爣鑳藉惁杈炬垚鐨勫叧閿墍鍦ㄣ�傛父鎴忕殑鐜╂硶鏃㈣浣撶幇鐩爣鎬э紝涔熻浣撶幇瓒ｅ懗鎬с�佹父鎴忔�э紱鍚屾椂杩樿鏄撴搷浣滐紝鏄撲簬骞煎効鎺ュ彈銆傛瘮濡傦紝鍦ㄦ父鎴忊�滃崠鏌垮瓙鈥濅腑锛屽辜鍎块渶瑕佸畬鎴愯瀹氱殑瀵硅瘽锛屼綋鐜板鏄撳彂閿欑殑鏌匡紙sh矛鍘诲０锛夈�佽壊锛坰猫鍘诲０锛夈�佸瓙锛坺i杞诲０锛夌瓑瀛楅煶浠ュ強涔帮紙m菐i涓婂０锛夈�佸崠锛坢脿i鍘诲０锛夌殑瀛椾箟鍜屽瓧闊筹紝骞煎効閫氳繃鍙戝闊筹紝寰楀埌鏌垮瓙鐨勫浘鐗囷紝璧㈠緱娓告垙鐨勮儨鍒┿��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d143">锛堝洓锛夊埗瀹氬惉璇存父鎴忕殑瑙勫垯</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鍚娓告垙鏄鍒欐父鎴忕殑涓�绉嶏紝娓告垙瑙勫垯鐩存帴褰卞搷骞煎効鍙備笌娲诲姩鐨勪富鍔ㄦ�у拰绉瀬鎬э紝褰卞搷娓告垙娲诲姩鐨勮叮鍛虫�э紝瀵规父鎴忕洰鏍囪兘鍚﹁揪鎴愯捣鍒颁簡閲嶈鐨勪綔鐢ㄣ�傚洜姝わ紝娓告垙瑙勫垯瑕佸悎鐞嗭紝搴旂鍚堝辜鍎胯韩蹇冨彂灞曠殑骞撮緞鐗圭偣锛涜鍒欒繕瑕佺畝鏄庢壖瑕侊紝鏄撲簬骞煎効鐞嗚В鍜岃蹇嗐�傛瘮濡傦紝娓告垙鈥滈瓟娉曠鈥濓紙瑙佸弬鑰冩父鎴�8-7锛夌殑娓告垙瑙勫垯鏄�滄弿杩扮殑骞煎効涓嶈兘璇村嚭姘存灉鐨勫悕绉帮紱濡傛灉鍏朵綑骞煎効鐚滀笉鍑烘潵锛屾弿杩扮殑骞煎効瑕佽繘琛屾墠鑹鸿〃婕斺�濄��
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="209">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(209) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">202</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <h4 id="d144">锛堜簲锛夊噯澶囧惉璇存父鎴忕殑鏉愭枡</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀瑕佹牴鎹父鎴忕殑鍐呭锛屽噯澶囦究浜庢父鎴忔椿鍔ㄥ紑灞曠殑鏉愭枡锛岃繖浜涙潗鏂欏寘鎷浘鐗囥�佽棰戙�佺帺鍏峰拰鏃ョ敤鍝佺瓑澶氱褰㈠紡銆傜敤鏉愭枡鍒涜娓告垙鎯呭锛屽辜鍎挎洿瀹规槗杩涘叆娓告垙瑙掕壊锛屾劅鍙楁父鎴忔皼鍥达紝鏈夊埄浜庡惉璇存父鎴忕殑椤哄埄寮�灞曘�傛瘮濡傦紝娓告垙鈥滃皬鍔ㄧ墿鐖卞悆鐨勯鐗┾�濓紙瑙佸弬鑰冩父鎴�8-6锛夌殑鍑嗗鍖呮嫭锛氬皬鍔ㄧ墿杞洏锛屼笂闈㈢敾鏈夌嫍銆佺尗銆佸厰瀛愩�佺唺鐚�佸皬缇婏紱鑲夐澶淬�佸皬楸笺�佽儭钀濆崪銆佺瀛愩�佽崏鐨勫浘鐗囥�傝繖浜涙潗鏂欎负娓告垙鍒涢�犱簡姘涘洿锛屾彁楂樹簡瓒ｅ懗鎬э紝鏈夊埄浜庡辜鍎块『鍒╁湴瀹屾垚娓告垙銆�
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c054">浜屻�佸惉璇存父鎴忕殑缁勭粐瑕佺偣</h3>
+ <p>
+ 瀛﹁�呮浌涓钩璁や负锛屾父鎴忔寚瀵肩殑鑹烘湳鍦ㄤ簬淇濇寔鑰屼笉鐮村潖娓告垙鐨勮嚜鍙戞�у拰鍒涢�犳�э紝灏婇噸鍜屽彂鎸ュ辜鍎跨殑涓诲姩鎬с�佺Н鏋佹�у拰鍒涢�犳�х殑鍚屾椂锛屾妸鏁欒偛鎰忓浘杞寲涓哄辜鍎跨殑娓告垙琛屼负锛屼粠鑰屼繚璇佹父鎴忕殑鐩爣娓楅�忓湪娓告垙杩囩▼涔嬩腑锛屽苟涓斾互闅愯斀鐨勬柟寮忓疄鏂芥寚瀵笺��<a
+ id="w11"
+ ></a
+ ><a href="chapter008.html#m11"><sup>[11]</sup></a
+ >鍚娓告垙浣滀负璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩涔嬩竴锛屽畠鍜屽叾浠栬瑷�鏁欏娲诲姩鐩告瘮锛屾棦鏈夊彂灞曞辜鍎胯瑷�鐨勫叡鎬э紝鍙堝叿鏈夋父鎴忔�с�佽鍒欐�х瓑鐗规�э紝鍦ㄧ粍缁囧惉璇存父鎴忔椂锛屽叾杩囩▼涓�鑸寘鎷互涓嬬幆鑺傘��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d145">锛堜竴锛夊垱璁炬父鎴忔儏澧冿紝婵�鍙戝辜鍎垮叴瓒�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欒偛娲诲姩寮�灞曚箣鍓嶏紝灏卞簲鎶婂辜鍎跨殑娉ㄦ剰鍔涖�佸叴瓒ｃ�佹儏缁�佺Н鏋佹�ц皟鍔ㄨ捣鏉ワ紝鍚娓告垙涔熶笉渚嬪銆傚湪娓告垙寮�濮嬫椂锛屾暀甯堥渶瑕侀噰鐢ㄤ竴浜涙墜娈碉紝涓哄辜鍎垮垱璁句竴涓鏉炬剦鎮︾殑姘涘洿锛屾縺鍙戝辜鍎垮涔犲叴瓒ｏ紝璋冨姩骞煎効鍙備笌娓告垙鐨勭Н鏋佹�с�傚垱璁炬父鎴忔儏澧冪殑鏂瑰紡涓昏鏈変互涓嬪嚑绉嶃��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e140">1.鍒╃敤瀹炵墿鍒涜娓告垙鎯呭</h5>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鏃舵湡鐨勬�濈淮澶勪簬鍏疯薄鎬濈淮闃舵锛屾暀甯堜娇鐢ㄤ竴浜涗笌鍚娓告垙鐩稿叧鐨勭帺鏁欏叿绛夊疄鐗╂潵甯冪疆娓告垙鍦烘櫙锛堣鍥�8-1锛夛紝鍒涜娓告垙姘涘洿锛屾湁鍒╀簬鏇村ソ鍦拌皟鍔ㄥ辜鍎垮弬涓庢父鎴忕殑绉瀬鎬с��
+ </p>
+ <p class="center openImgBox">
+ <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../../images/0222-1.jpg" />
+ </p>
+ <p class="img">鍥�8-1 瀹炵墿鍒涜娓告垙鎯呭</p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m11"></a><a href="chapter008.html#w11">[11]</a>
+ 鏇逛腑骞�.鍎跨娓告垙璁篬M].閾跺窛锛氬畞澶忎汉姘戝嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2000锛�299.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="210">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(210) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗叓绔� 骞煎効鍚娓告垙娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">203</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <h5 id="e141">2.鍒╃敤鐢熷姩鐨勮瑷�鍒涜娓告垙鎯呭</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄦ父鎴忓紑濮嬫椂锛屾暀甯堣繕鍙互杩愮敤鐢熷姩銆佹湁瓒ｃ�佹椿娉肩殑璇█锛屽彉鎹㈠０璋冪殑楂樹綆銆佸棑闊崇殑绮楃粏绛夋潵鎰熸煋骞煎効锛岃惀閫犳父鎴忔皵姘涳紝寮曞骞煎効杩涘叆娓告垙瑙掕壊鍜屾儏澧冦��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e142">3.鍒╃敤鑲綋璇█鍒涜娓告垙鎯呭</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀鍦ㄥ鍏ユ父鎴忔椂锛屽彲浠ヨ繍鐢ㄨ嚜宸卞舰璞＄殑鑲綋鍔ㄤ綔銆佽〃婕旂瓑褰㈠紡锛屽彂鎸ュ辜鍎跨殑鎯宠薄鍔涳紝甯﹂骞煎効杩涘叆娓告垙瑙掕壊锛屽垱璁炬父鎴忔儏澧冦��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄥ惉璇存父鎴忕殑瀹為檯鏁欏涓紝鏁欏笀涓�鑸槸缁煎悎杩愮敤瀹炵墿銆佸彛澶磋瑷�鍜岃偄浣撹瑷�涓夌褰㈠紡涓哄辜鍎垮垱璁炬父鎴忔儏澧冦�傚舰璞＄殑瀹炵墿銆佺敓鍔ㄧ殑璇█鍜屾椿娉肩殑鑲綋璇█锛屾湁鍔╀簬鎻愰珮娓告垙鐨勮叮鍛虫�э紝璋冨姩骞煎効鍙備笌娓告垙鐨勭Н鏋佹�э紝涓烘父鎴忕殑椤哄埄杩涜鎵撲笅鑹ソ鐨勫熀纭�銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d146">锛堜簩锛夎瑙ｆ父鎴忕帺娉曪紝鏄庣‘娓告垙瑙勫垯</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄥ垱璁炬父鎴忔儏澧冧箣鍚庯紝鏁欏笀鍚戝辜鍎夸粙缁嶆父鎴忕帺娉曞拰瑙勫垯銆傜洰鐨勬槸璁╁辜鍎块�氳繃鏁欏笀鐨勮瑙ｏ紝鏄庣‘鐜╂硶鍜岃鍒欍�傛暀甯堝彧鏈夎瑙ｆ竻妤氾紝骞煎効鎵嶈兘椤哄埄鍦版寜鐓ф暀甯堝竷缃殑浠诲姟閫愭灞曞紑娓告垙銆傝繖鏄惉璇存父鎴忕殑涓�涓噸瑕佺幆鑺傦紝鏁欏笀鍦ㄤ氦浠ｆ父鎴忚鍒欏拰鐜╂硶鏃跺簲娉ㄦ剰浠ヤ笅鍑犱釜闂銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e143">1.璇█璁茶В搴旂畝鍗曟槑浜�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀瑕佺啛鎮夋父鎴忚鍒欏拰鐜╂硶锛屼娇鐢ㄥ辜鍎垮鏄撶悊瑙ｇ殑瀛椼�佽瘝銆佸彞瀛愶紝绠�鍗曟槑浜嗗湴璁茬粰骞煎効鍚紝鍒囧繉璁茶堪鍟板棪锛屼互鍏嶅奖鍝嶅辜鍎跨殑鐞嗚В鍜屾父鎴忓紑灞曘��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e144">2.浣跨敤閫傚綋鐨勯煶閲忓拰璇�熻繘琛岃瑙�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀鍦ㄨ杩扮帺娉曞拰瑙勫垯鏃讹紝闇�瑕佷娇鐢ㄧ浉瀵硅緝鎱㈢殑璇�燂紝鍦ㄥ繀瑕佺殑鏃跺�欏姞澶ч煶閲忥紝鍔犻噸璇皵锛岃璁╁辜鍎垮惉娓呮锛屾墠鑳借繘涓�姝ョ悊瑙ｈ鍒欏拰鐜╂硶銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e145">3.璇存槑瑙勫垯瑕佺偣鍜屾父鎴忔楠�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 瀵逛簬娓告垙瑙勫垯锛岃璁叉竻妤氭�庢牱鍋氭墠鏄鍚堣鍒欑殑锛屽紩瀵煎辜鍎挎寜鐓ц鑼冩搷浣滐紱鍚屾椂甯姪骞煎効鏄庣櫧娓告垙寮�灞曠殑姝ラ锛屽厖褰撲粈涔堟牱鐨勮鑹诧紝鍏堝悗鍒嗗埆鍋氫粈涔堬紝鏈�缁堣揪鍒颁粈涔堟牱鐨勬晥鏋滅瓑銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e146">4.杈硅瑙ｏ紝杈圭ず鑼�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 涓轰簡璁╁辜鍎挎洿濂姐�佹洿蹇�佹洿鐩存帴鍦版帉鎻℃父鎴忕殑鐜╂硶鍜岃鍒欙紝鏁欏笀杩樺彲浠ラ�氳繃璇█瑙ｉ噴鍜屽姩浣滅ず鑼冪浉缁撳悎鐨勬柟寮忥紝鏇存竻鏅扮洿瑙傚湴鍚戝辜鍎夸氦浠ｆ父鎴忕殑鐜╂硶鍜岃鍒欙紝姝ｇ‘鎭板綋鐨勭ず鑼冩湁鍒╀簬骞煎効鏇村ソ鍦扮悊瑙ｆ父鎴忋��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d147">锛堜笁锛夊紩瀵煎辜鍎挎父鎴�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀寮曞骞煎効寮�灞曟父鎴忥紝鏄互鏁欏笀鎸囧涓轰富鐨勬父鎴忚繃绋嬶紝鍦ㄨ繖涓樁娈碉紝鏁欏笀鍙備笌娓告垙骞跺湪娓告垙涓厖褰撻噸瑕佽鑹诧紝涓诲娓告垙鐨勮繘绋嬨�傚辜鍎垮垯鏄�氳繃鍏呭綋娓告垙鐨勯儴鍒嗚鑹叉潵鍙備笌娓告垙锛屼富瑕佺洰鐨勬槸璁╁辜鍎跨啛鎮夋父鎴忕殑瑙勫垯鍜岀帺娉曪紝鐒跺悗鍙傚姞瀹屾暣娓告垙杩涜�岃繘琛岃嚜涓绘父鎴忋�傝繖涓幆鑺傚彲浠ュ拰浜や唬娓告垙瑙勫垯銆佹槑纭父鎴忕帺娉曚竴璧疯繘琛屻��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄥ皬鐝殑鍚娓告垙涓紝鏁欏笀鍙互鐩存帴鍙備笌娓告垙骞舵媴浠讳富瑕佽鑹诧紱鍦ㄤ腑鐝�佸ぇ鐝�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="211">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(211) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">204</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鐨勫惉璇存父鎴忎腑锛屾暀甯堜篃鍙互鍏堣閮ㄥ垎鑳藉姏杈冨己鐨勫辜鍎垮拰鏁欏笀涓�璧峰弬涓庢父鎴忥紝鎴栬�呮槸閮ㄥ垎鑳藉姏杈冨己鐨勫辜鍎垮湪鏁欏笀鐨勬寚瀵间笅杩涜绀鸿寖銆傜洿鍒板叏浣撳辜鍎挎槑浜嗘父鎴忚鍒欏拰鐜╂硶鍚庯紝鍐嶆寮忚繘鍏ュ辜鍎胯嚜涓绘父鎴忕幆鑺傘��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d148">锛堝洓锛夊辜鍎胯嚜涓绘父鎴忥紝鏁欏笀瑙傚療鎸囧</h4>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鑷富娓告垙鏄惉璇存父鎴忕殑涓�涓噸瑕佺幆鑺傘�傚湪杩欎竴闃舵涓紝骞煎効鍏ㄤ綋绉瀬涓诲姩鍦板弬涓庢父鎴忎互瀹炵幇娓告垙鐩爣銆傛鏃讹紝鏁欏笀鐨勮鑹插彂鐢熶簡杞彉锛岀敱涓婁竴涓幆鑺傜殑娓告垙涓诲鑰呭拰鍙備笌鑰咃紝杞彉涓烘父鎴忕殑瑙傚療鑰咃紝杩涜闂存帴鎸囧銆傝繖涓�鐜妭瑕佸厖鍒嗗彂鎸ュ辜鍎跨殑涓讳綋浣滅敤锛屾暀甯堝簲鍋氬ソ浠ヤ笅涓変釜鏂归潰鐨勫伐浣溿��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e147">1.鏀炬墜璁╁辜鍎胯嚜涓绘父鎴�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄥ辜鍎胯嚜涓绘父鎴忕幆鑺傦紝鏁欏笀瑕佸湪寮曞骞煎効娓告垙涔嬪悗锛屾斁鎵嬭骞煎効鑷富娓告垙锛屼笉瑕佽繃澶氬湴鏉熺細鍜岄檺鍒跺辜鍎匡紝鐩镐俊骞煎効鍙互閫氳繃鑷繁鍜屼笌鍚屼即鐨勪簰鍔ㄥ畬鎴愭父鎴忥紝璁╁辜鍎夸綋楠屾垚鍔熷拰澶辫触锛屼粠鑰屽彲浠ユ洿鍔犱富鍔ㄥ湴鍚告敹銆佸姞宸ヨ瑷�淇℃伅锛屾洿鍔犵Н鏋佸噯纭湴杩愮敤璇█銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e148">2.瑙傚療杩涚▼锛岄�傛椂鎸囧</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鏀炬墜璁╁辜鍎胯嚜涓绘父鎴忎笉绛変簬鏁欏笀鍙互琚栨墜鏃佽銆佺疆涔嬩笉鐞嗐�傚湪娓告垙涓瀵熷辜鍎匡紝鑳戒负浣犳彁渚涗赴瀵岀殑鍏充簬鍙戝睍姘村钩銆佺ぞ浼氭妧鑳戒互鍙婂辜鍎垮湪娓告垙鐜涓鍦ㄥ涔犳垨鑰呮病鏈夋鍦ㄥ涔犵殑鍐呭鏂归潰鐨勪俊鎭��<a
+ id="w12"
+ ></a
+ ><a href="chapter008.html#m12"><sup>[12]</sup></a
+ >鏁欏笀闇�瑕佷簡瑙ｅ辜鍎垮娓告垙鐨勭帺娉曞拰瑙勫垯鏄惁鎺屾彙锛屾槸鍚﹀彲浠ヨ揪鍒版父鎴忕洰鏍囷紝鐫ｄ績骞煎効閬靛畧瑙勫垯銆傚鏋滃彂鐜伴棶棰橈紝姣斿锛屽洜涓鸿鑹插垎閰嶄笉褰撴垨鍏朵粬闂寮曡捣鐨勭煕鐩剧籂绾疯鍙婃椂瑙ｅ喅锛屼互鍏嶅奖鍝嶆父鎴忕殑椤哄埄杩涜銆傝繕鏈夊湪鑷富娓告垙杩囩▼涓紝闇�瑕佸叧娉ㄥ辜鍎夸釜浣撴父鎴忔按骞崇殑鎻愬崌锛屼緥濡傦紝瀵逛簬涓�浜涙槗鍙楀鐣屽共鎵般�佹敞鎰忓姏涓嶉泦涓殑骞煎効锛岃寮曞浠栦滑涓撳績娓告垙锛岄伒瀹堟父鎴忚鍒欙紱瀵逛簬涓�浜涘钩鏃跺氨鑳嗗瓙灏忋�佽兘鍔涘急鐨勫辜鍎匡紝鍙互澶氶紦鍔憋紝澶氱粰浠栦滑鍙備笌娓告垙鐨勬満浼氾紝鎻愰珮浠栦滑鐨勮嚜淇″績銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e149">3.缁欎簣鍏呰冻鐨勬椂闂�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 杩涘叆鑷富娓告垙鐜妭鍚庯紝骞煎効鐨勭Н鏋佹�ц鍏呭垎璋冨姩锛屾父鎴忚繘鍏ヤ簡楂樻疆閮ㄥ垎锛屽辜鍎块渶瑕佸厖瓒崇殑鏃堕棿鏉ュ畬鎴愮敋鑷抽噸澶嶅畬鎴愭父鎴忋�傚辜鍎垮湪涓�杞父鎴忕粨鏉熷悗锛屽彲浠ヨ皟鎹㈣鑹查噸鏂板紑濮嬩笅涓�杞父鎴忥紝鑰屼笖涔愭涓嶇柌銆傝繖鏃舵暀甯堥渶瑕佽瀵熸父鎴忕殑杩涘睍鎯呭喌锛岀粰浜堝辜鍎垮厖瓒崇殑娓告垙鏃堕棿锛屾棦瑕佸疄鐜拌瑷�鏁欒偛鐩爣锛屽張瑕佽骞煎効浜彈娓告垙甯︽潵鐨勬剦鎮︽劅鍜屾垚灏辨劅銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d149">锛堜簲锛夋父鎴忚瘎浠�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 娓告垙璇勪环鏄瑷�娓告垙娲诲姩鐨勪竴涓噸瑕佺幆鑺傦紝浣嗕笉鏄瘡娆℃父鎴忕殑蹇呴渶鐜妭锛屽簲璇ユ牴鎹疄闄呮儏鍐垫潵瀹氥�傛瘡涓�娆＄殑璇勪环涔熶笉蹇呴潰闈勘鍒帮紝鑰岃鍋氬埌鏈夌洰鐨勶紝鏈夐噸鐐癸紝鐢ㄦ椂灏戙��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 娓告垙璇勪环涓�鑸槸鍦ㄦ暀甯堢殑鎸囧涓嬶紝骞煎効鍜屾暀甯堝叡鍚屽弬涓庣殑鐜妭銆傚浜庡皬鐝殑骞煎効锛屽彲浠ョ敱鏁欏笀瀵规父鎴忎腑骞煎効鐨勮〃鐜般�佹父鎴忕殑鏁堟灉绛夎繘琛岃瘎浠凤紝涔熷彲浠ヨ骞煎効绉瀬
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m12"></a><a href="chapter008.html#w12">[12]</a>
+ 琚佺埍鐜诧紝浣曠鑻�.骞煎効鍥暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵肩瓥鐣ワ蓟M锛�.鍖椾含锛氬寳浜笀鑼冨ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2007锛�104.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="212">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(212) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗叓绔� 骞煎効鍚娓告垙娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">205</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鍙備笌璇勪环锛涘浜庝腑鐝�佸ぇ鐝殑骞煎効锛屾暀甯堝彲浠ユ彁鍑轰竴浜涜瘎浠风殑鏂瑰悜鍜岃鐐癸紝璁╁辜鍎胯繘琛岃嚜鎴戣瘎浠凤紝杩欎釜杩囩▼涔熸槸鎻愰珮骞煎効璇█鍙戝睍鐨勬満浼氥�傛暀甯堢粍缁囨父鎴忚瘎浠凤紝鍙互淇冭繘骞煎効鏇村姞绉瀬涓诲姩鍦板弬涓庢父鎴忥紝鎻愰珮娓告垙姘村钩锛屼负浠ュ悗鐨勫惉璇存父鎴忓紑灞曟墦涓嬪熀纭�銆�
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk">
+ <div class="bk1">
+ <p><span class="bj2">骞煎効鍥暀甯堣祫鏍艰瘉鑰冭瘯路鑰冪偣棰勬祴</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-2">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="../../images/tb-1.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 4锝�5宀佹槸骞煎効璇嶆眹閲忕Н绱拰璇嶇被鎵╁睍鐨勯噸瑕佹椂鏈燂紝骞煎効鎺屾彙骞朵娇鐢ㄩ噺璇嶆槸骞煎効璇嶆眹閲忓鍔犲拰璇嶇被鎵╁睍鐨勪竴涓噸瑕佽〃鐜般��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 璇蜂綘鏍规嵁涓彮骞煎効璇嶆眹绉疮鍜屼娇鐢ㄧ殑骞撮緞娈电壒鐐癸紝璁捐涓�涓叧浜庨噺璇嶇殑鍚娓告垙銆傝姹傚啓鍑烘椿鍔ㄥ悕绉般�佹椿鍔ㄧ洰鏍囥�佹椿鍔ㄥ噯澶囥�佹椿鍔ㄨ繃绋嬪拰娲诲姩寤朵几銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ <h3 id="c055">涓夈�佸惉璇存父鎴忎腑搴旀敞鎰忕殑闂</h3>
+ <p>鍦ㄥ惉璇存父鎴忕殑缁勭粐鍜屾寚瀵艰繃绋嬩腑杩樺簲璇ユ敞鎰忎互涓嬪嚑涓棶棰樸��</p>
+ <h4 id="d150">锛堜竴锛夋妸鎻′笉鍚屽勾榫勭彮璇█鏁欒偛鐨勪晶閲嶇偣</h4>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効闃舵澶勪簬韬績鍙戝睍姣旇緝蹇�熺殑闃舵锛屼笉鍚屽勾榫勭殑骞煎効鍦ㄨ瑷�鍙戝睍涓婂瓨鍦ㄤ竴浜涘樊寮傦紝鍥犳涓嶅悓骞撮緞鐝辜鍎跨殑鍚娓告垙涔熷簲璇ユ湁涓嶅悓鐨勪晶閲嶇偣銆傛瘮濡傦紝灏忕彮骞煎効鐨勫惉璇存父鎴忓舰寮忎互璇煶娓告垙鍜岃瘝姹囨父鎴忎负涓伙紝鏁欏笀鍦ㄦ父鎴忎腑鐨勫弬涓庡害鏇撮珮涓�浜涳紝璧峰埌绀鸿寖鍜岀粍缁囩殑浣滅敤鏇存槑鏄句竴浜涳紱涓彮銆佸ぇ鐝辜鍎跨殑鍚娓告垙锛屼互璇嶆眹銆佸彞瀛愭父鎴忓拰鎻忚堪鎬ф父鎴忎负涓伙紝鏁欏笀鍦ㄦ父鎴忚繃绋嬩腑锛屾洿澶氱殑鏄綔涓轰竴涓幆澧冩潗鏂欑殑鎻愪緵鑰呫�佸辜鍎挎父鎴忕殑瑙傚療鑰呭拰鍚堜綔鑰呯殑韬唤鍑虹幇锛屼互闂存帴鎸囧涓轰富锛岀粰骞煎効鍒涢�犳洿澶х殑娓告垙绌洪棿銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d151">锛堜簩锛夋父鎴忕帺娉曞拰瑙勫垯瑕佹牴鎹疄闄呮儏鍐电伒娲昏皟鏁�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鍚娓告垙璁捐鏄叿浣撴父鎴忔椿鍔ㄧ殑瀹炴柦渚濇嵁锛屼絾鏄紝杩欏苟涓嶄唬琛ㄦ暀甯堝湪娓告垙涓叏鐩樻寜鐓ф椿鍔ㄨ璁℃墽琛屻�傚湪瀹為檯鐨勬父鎴忚繃绋嬩腑锛屾暀甯堣鏍规嵁骞煎効瀵规父鎴忕殑閫傚簲鎯呭喌锛岀伒娲诲湴璋冩暣鐜╂硶鍜屽彉鎹㈣鍒欙紝浠ラ�傚悎鏈彮骞煎効鐨勫疄闄呮儏鍐点�傛瘮濡傦紝鍦ㄦ父鎴忎腑鍙戠幇鐜╂硶鍜岃鍒欓毦搴﹁繃楂橈紝搴旈檷浣庨毦搴︼紝绛夊辜鍎跨啛鎮夌帺娉曞拰瑙勫垯鍚庡啀閫愭笎鎻愰珮闅惧害鍜岃姹傦紱鍙嶄箣锛屾暀甯堝氨瑕佹彁楂樻父鎴忕殑闅惧害锛屾彁鍑烘洿楂樼殑瑕佹眰浠ユ弧瓒冲辜鍎垮彂灞曠殑闇�姹傘��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d152">锛堜笁锛夊仛濂藉瘬鏁欎簬涔愶紝鎶婃彙鈥滄暀鈥濅笌鈥滀箰鈥濈殑铻嶅悎</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鍚娓告垙鍏锋湁寰堝己鐨勬父鎴忔�э紝瀵撳涔犱簬濞变箰涓紝杩欐槸鍖哄埆浜庡叾浠栬瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勪竴涓噸瑕佺壒寰併�傚惉璇存父鎴忓吋鍏风洰鏍囨�у拰濞变箰鎬э紝娌℃湁瓒ｅ懗鐨勬父鎴忥紝骞煎効鍙備笌鐨勭Н鏋佹�у氨涓嶉珮锛屾病鏈夌洰鏍囩殑娓告垙灏卞け鍘讳簡璇█鏁欒偛鐨勬剰涔夈�傛�庢牱璁╁辜鍎垮湪鐜╀腑瀛︺�佸涓帺鏄暀甯堝湪鍚娓告垙璁捐鍜岀粍缁囨椂搴旇娉ㄦ剰鐨勭粨鍚堢偣銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="213">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(213) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">206</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">娲诲姩妗堜緥8-1</span></p>
+ <div class="tp">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <b
+ >灏忓皬杈╄璧涒�滅敺瀛╄涓嶈璁╃潃濂冲鈥濓紙澶х彮锛�<a id="w13"></a
+ ><a href="chapter008.html#m13"><sup>[13]</sup></a></b
+ >
+ </p>
+ <p><b>瀛︽儏鍒嗘瀽锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 鈥滃湪鍙ｅご璇█鍙戝睍鐨勫叧閿椂鏈熲�斺�斿辜鍎块樁娈碉紝杈╄鏄竴绉嶉潪甯稿叿鏈夋寫鎴樻�х殑璇█娲诲姩褰㈠紡锛屼篃鏄骞煎効鍙ｅご璇█鍙戝睍寰堟湁浠峰�肩殑涓�绉嶆椿鍔ㄥ舰寮忋�傗��<a
+ id="w14"
+ ></a
+ ><a href="chapter008.html#m14"><sup>[14]</sup></a
+ >鏁欏笀闇�瑕佸叧娉ㄥ辜鍎垮湪涓�鏃ョ敓娲讳腑鍙ｅご琛ㄨ揪鎯呭喌锛岀暀蹇冩敹闆嗗辜鍎垮钩鏃堕亣鍒扮殑闂锛屽彲浠ユ妸闂浣滀负杈╅搴旂敤鍦ㄦ椿鍔ㄤ腑銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鐢变簬澶х彮骞煎効浜烘暟杈冨锛屽緢澶氭椂鍊欙紝鏁欏笀浼氬紩瀵煎辜鍎垮垎缁勮繘琛屾椿鍔ㄣ�備竴澶╂棭涓婂辜鍎垮仛瀹屾棭鎿嶅洖鍒扮彮閲岋紝鑰佸笀鍏堣濂冲瀛愬幓娲楁墜锛屽悓鏃惰鐢峰瀛愮◢绛変竴涓嬶紝涓�涓敺瀛╁瓙寰堜笉鏈嶆皵鍦拌锛氣�滃搸鍛�锛屼负浠�涔堣�佸笀鍏堣濂冲瀛愬憖锛岀湡涓嶅叕骞筹紒鈥濊韩杈圭殑鍏朵粬鐢峰瀛愪篃鏈夊悓鎰熷湴灏忓０璇翠簡璧锋潵锛氣�滃氨鏄晩锛岃�佹槸璁╂垜浠敺瀛╁瓙璁╃潃濂冲瀛愩�傗�濈珯鍦ㄦ劋鎰や笉骞崇殑鐢峰瀛愪滑韬竟锛屾垜娆茶█鍙堟锛屾兂浜嗘兂锛屼笉濡傚埄鐢ㄨ繖涓満浼氾紝涓诲姩甯姪骞煎効鎼缓涓�涓氦娴佺殑骞冲彴銆備簬鏄湪鍋氫簡涓�浜涘噯澶囨椿鍔ㄧ殑鍩虹涓婏紝鎴戜滑鍦ㄧ彮閲屼妇琛屼簡涓�娆″叧浜庘�滅敺瀛╁瓙搴斾笉搴旇璁╃潃濂冲瀛愨�濈殑杈╄璧涖��
+ </p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩鐩爣锛�</b></p>
+ <p>1.鏁簬琛ㄨ揪鑷繁鐨勭湅娉曪紝灏濊瘯娓呮銆佽繛璐湴杩愮敤璇█鍙戣〃鑷繁鐨勬剰瑙併��</p>
+ <p>2.鑳藉鎰熺煡骞堕伒瀹堣京璁鸿禌鐨勮鍒欍��</p>
+ <p>3.鍒濇浣撻獙杈╄鍜岀珵璧涚殑涔愯叮銆�</p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩鍑嗗锛�</b></p>
+ <p>鏉愭枡鍑嗗锛氱櫧绾搞�佺瑪锛堟瘡浜轰竴濂楋級銆�</p>
+ <p><b>鐜鍑嗗锛�</b></p>
+ <p>1.灏嗗辜鍎跨殑妗屽瓙鍒嗘垚涓ゅぇ缁勫鐫�鎽嗘斁銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 2.鍒朵綔浜嗘í骞咃紝妯箙涓婃湁浠ョ粯鐢诲舰寮忚〃鐜扮殑杈╄鍐呭锛堝辜鍎胯嚜鍒讹級锛屼富鎸佷綅缃紝妗屼笂鐨勬鏂广�佸弽鏂圭殑鏍囩墝锛堝辜鍎胯嚜鍒讹級銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3.鐢辨鏂广�佸弽鏂瑰悇鑷鏉ョ殑鍙︿竴涓ぇ鐝殑5鍚嶅辜鍎垮仛瑙備紬锛岀敱鑰佸笀璇锋潵鐨�5浣嶅鐝�佸笀鍋氳瘎濮斻��
+ </p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩杩囩▼锛�</b></p>
+ <p>锛堜竴锛夎鏄庤京璁虹洰鐨�</p>
+ <p>鐢变富鎸佷汉锛堟暀甯堬級璇存槑杈╄鐨勫師鍥犲強鏈�缁堣杈惧埌鐨勭洰鐨勩��</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氬皬鏈嬪弸浠紝鍥犱负鐝噷鐨勪汉姣旇緝澶氾紝鎵�浠ヨ�佸笀缁忓父璇峰ぇ瀹跺垎缁勫仛浜嬫儏銆傛渶杩戜竴娈垫椂闂达紝鍜变滑鐝噷缁忓父鏈変汉瀵硅�佸笀鎬绘槸鍏堣濂冲瀛愬仛浜嬪悗璇风敺瀛╁瓙鍋氫簨鎰熷埌寰堜笉鍏钩銆傦紙骞煎効绉佷笅杞昏交璁锛氣�滃氨鏄殑锛佲�濃�滃晩锛熷厛璇峰コ瀛╁瓙鎬庝箞鍟︼紒鈥濓級
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m13"></a><a href="chapter008.html#w13">[13]</a>
+ 鏁欒偛閮ㄦ暀鑲茬鐞嗕俊鎭腑蹇冪粍.鍏ㄥ浗浼樼骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩璇句緥璇勬瀽锛籑锛�.閲嶅簡锛氳タ鍗楀笀鑼冨ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2011锛�260-264.鎺堣鏁欏笀锛氬寳浜競涓板彴鍖烘柟搴勭浜屽辜鍎垮洯闄堥洩姊咃紝鏈夊垹鏀�.
+ </p>
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m14"></a><a href="chapter008.html#w14">[14]</a>
+ 鍛ㄥ參.骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵硷蓟M锛�.鍖椾含锛氶珮绛夋暀鑲插嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2015锛�52.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="214">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(214) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗叓绔� 骞煎効鍚娓告垙娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">207</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氶鍏堬紝鑰佸笀鍚戝ぇ瀹堕亾姝夛紝鏄�佸笀娌℃湁娉ㄦ剰鍒拌繖涓棶棰橈紝鎵�浠ュ彲鑳藉ソ鍑犳閮藉厛璇蜂簡濂冲瀛愩��
+ </p>
+ <p>锛堜簩锛夎幏寰楀ぇ瀹剁殑璁ゅ彲</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氶偅澶╋紝鑰佸笀鍚埌鍑犱釜灏忔湅鍙嬪湪璁杩欎欢浜嬶紝鎴戠獊鐒舵湁浜嗕竴涓ソ涓绘剰锛屼笉濡傚挶浠竴璧疯璁鸿璁鸿繖浠朵簨鍚э紝鏈�鍚庡挶浠啀鎯充竴涓В鍐崇殑鍔炴硶锛岃澶у閮借寰楀叕骞炽�傚ぇ瀹惰寰楁�庝箞鏍凤紵
+ </p>
+ <p>骞煎効锛氬ソ锛佸ソ涓绘剰锛�</p>
+ <p>锛堜笁锛変富鎸佷汉鍜岃京璁鸿鍒欎粙缁�</p>
+ <p>涓绘寔浜鸿嚜鎴戜粙缁嶃��</p>
+ <p>
+ 澶т富鎸佷汉锛氫富鎸佷汉鐢变竴鍚嶈�佸笀鍜屼竴浣嶅皬鏈嬪弸鍏卞悓鎷呬换锛岃繖娆¤京璁轰細鐨勪富鎰忔槸鎴戞兂鍑烘潵鐨勶紝鎵�浠ョ敱鎴戞潵鍋氬ぇ涓绘寔浜恒��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 灏忎富鎸佷汉锛氬ぇ瀹跺ソ锛屾垜鏄椕椕椼�傛槸鎴戞渶鍏堣寰楄繖浠朵簨涓嶅叕骞崇殑锛屾墍浠ョ敱鎴戞潵褰撳皬涓绘寔浜猴紒
+ </p>
+ <p>鐢变袱鍚嶄富鎸佷汉浜ゆ浛浠嬬粛杈╄瑙勫垯銆�</p>
+ <p>锛堝ぇ銆佸皬涓绘寔浜虹殑浠嬬粛鏄簨鍏堝湪涓�璧锋帓缁冭繃鐨勶級</p>
+ <p>锛堝洓锛夊甯冭京璁哄紑濮�</p>
+ <p>锛�1锛変富鎸佷汉瀹ｈ瑙勫垯锛屽緛寰楀ぇ瀹跺悓鎰忋�傦紙骞煎効绾风悍涓炬墜琛ㄧず鍚屾剰锛�</p>
+ <p>锛�2锛変富鎸佷汉瀹ｅ竷姣旇禌寮�濮嬨��</p>
+ <p>涓绘寔浜猴紙鍚堬級锛氬ぇ涓�鐝�滅敺瀛╄涓嶈璁╃潃濂冲鈥濊京璁鸿禌鐜板湪寮�濮嬶紒</p>
+ <p>
+ 澶т富鎸佷汉锛氶鍏堬紝鍜变滑瑕佸垎鍑烘鍙嶄袱鏂归槦鍛樸�傝涓虹敺瀛╁簲璇ヨ鐫�濂冲鐨勬槸姝ｆ柟锛岃涓虹敺瀛╀笉璇ヨ鐫�濂冲鐨勬槸鍙嶆柟锛堝垎鍒湁鍥剧墖琛ㄦ槑锛夈�傝澶у寮�濮嬮�夋嫨锛屽苟灏卞骇銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛堜簲锛夎嚜鐢辫京璁�</p>
+ <p>灏忎富鎸佷汉锛氱涓�椤癸細鑷敱杈╄锛屽紑濮嬶紒</p>
+ <p>鍙嶏細鍑粈涔堣璁╃潃濂冲瀛愶紵</p>
+ <p>姝ｏ細鍥犱负濂冲瀛愭瘮鐢峰瀛愯〃鐜板ソ銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鍙嶏細濂冲琛ㄧ幇濂界殑鏃跺�欐槸搴旇璁╃潃濂逛滑锛屽彲鏄垜浠敺瀛╁瓙涔熸湁琛ㄧ幇濂界殑鏃跺�欏晩锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>姝ｏ細杩樻槸濂冲瀛愯〃鐜板ソ鐨勬椂鍊欏锛屾墍浠ュ氨搴旇鍏堟潵銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鍙嶏細鎴戣寰椾笉搴旇璁╋紝濡傛灉閬囧埌鍧忎汉锛岀敺瀛╁瓙灏卞緱淇濇姢濂冲瀛愶紝鎵�浠ュ簲璇ュ厛璁╃敺瀛╁瓙鍚冮ケ鍠濋ケ锛屽コ瀛╁瓙搴旇璁╃潃鐢峰瀛愩��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 姝ｏ細杩樿瑕佷繚鎶ゅ憿锛岀敺瀛╁瓙鏈夋椂鍊欒繕娆鸿礋濂冲瀛愬憿銆傚啀璇存垜浠兘鏄竴鏍风殑锛屼负浠�涔堜綘浠氨瑕佸厛鍚冨厛鍠濆晩锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>鍙嶏細鎴戣寰楃敺瀛╁瓙鑳藉仛鐨勪簨鎯呭コ瀛╁瓙涔熻兘鍋氾紝濂冲瀛愪笉鐢ㄧ敺瀛╁瓙璁╃潃銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鍙嶏細闅鹃亾绛夊ぇ瀹堕兘闀垮ぇ浜嗭紝鍍忚�佸笀閭ｄ箞澶т簡锛岀敺瀛╁瓙涔熶細璁╃潃濂冲瀛愬悧锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 姝ｏ細鑰佸笀涔熸槸濂崇殑锛佽鐓ч【閭ｄ箞澶氬皬鏈嬪弸锛屽杈涜嫤鍛�锛屾垜浠敺瀛╁瓙灏卞簲璇ヨ鐫�濂崇殑锛岀収椤惧コ瀛╁瓙锛岃鑰佸笀涓嶉偅涔堢疮锛屾墍浠ュ氨搴旇璁╃潃锛�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="215">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(215) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">208</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鍙嶏細鍙槸濡傛灉鑰佹槸璁╃潃濂冲瀛愶紝濂逛滑灏变細瓒婃潵瓒婂▏姘旓紝灏嗘潵鑳藉共浠�涔堝ぇ浜嬫儏鍛�锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>锛堝叚锛変腑鍦轰紤鎭苟浜ゆ崲鍦哄湴</p>
+ <p>
+ 澶т富鎸佷汉锛氭湁鐨勯槦鍛樻湁浜嗘柊鐨勬兂娉曪紝鎯宠鎹㈠埌瀵规柟閭ｈ竟鍘伙紝涓嬮潰杩涜涓満浼戞伅锛屽皬鏈嬪弸浠鏋滄湁浜嗕笉鍚岀殑鎯虫硶锛屽彲浠ョ珯鍒板鏂圭殑闃熶紞閲屻�傦紙姝ゆ椂锛岀彮涓彟涓ゅ悕鏁欏笀鍙拡瀵逛袱鏂圭殑涓嶅悓闂鍒嗗埆缁欎簣榧撳姳鍜屽紩瀵笺�傦級
+ </p>
+ <p>锛堜竷锛夊啀娆¤嚜鐢辫京璁�</p>
+ <p>
+ 澶т富鎸佷汉锛氬垰鍒氱敱浜庨儴鍒嗗辜鍎垮彉鎹簡杈╄鏂癸紝姝ｆ柟鐨勬瀛愪笉澶熺敤浜嗭紝鏈変簺灏忔湅鍙嬬珯鍦ㄥ悗闈㈡病鏈夋瀛愬潗浜嗐��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 姝ｆ柟濂冲瀛愬弽搴斿緢蹇細娌℃湁妞呭瓙浜嗭紝鐢峰瀛愬氨绔欒捣鏉ヨ鐫�濂冲瀛愬厛鍧愬憖锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍙嶆柟鐢峰瀛愶細濂冲瀛愬張涓嶆槸绔欎笉浣忥紝閿荤偧涓�涓嬪槢锛佸鏋滅疮浜嗗氨璇翠竴澹帮紝鎴戜滑浼氳鐨勩��
+ </p>
+ <p>鍙嶆柟濂冲瀛愬潥鍐冲湴璇达細鎴戜滑涓嶅潗锛屾垜浠笉鐢ㄧ敺瀛╁瓙璁╃潃銆�</p>
+ <p>鍙嶆柟濂冲瀛愶細鎴戝垰鎵嶇湅鍒版湁搴т綅浜嗭紝鎴戣繕璁╃粰鐢峰瀛愬潗浜嗗憿锛�</p>
+ <p>
+ 姝ｆ柟鐢峰瀛愶細鎴戠湅濂冲瀛愯�佺珯鐫�浼氱疮鐨勶紝鎴戜滑鐢峰瀛愯鏄笉璁╃潃锛屾櫄涓婂ス浠洖瀹跺憡鐘讹紝瀹堕暱灏辫璇存垜浠敺瀛╁瓙涓嶆噦浜嬩簡銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>鍙嶆柟鍑犱釜濂冲瀛愬悓鏃讹細鎴戜滑涓嶇敤璁┿��</p>
+ <p>锛堝叓锛夊垎缁勬�荤粨</p>
+ <p>灏忎富鎸佷汉锛氳鍙屾柟鍒颁笉鍚岀殑鏁欏杩涜鎬荤粨锛屽苟閫夊嚭鎬荤粨鍙戣█浜恒��</p>
+ <p>锛堜節锛夎瘎濮旂偣璇�</p>
+ <p>涓绘寔浜猴細璇峰湪鍦虹殑璇勫璇翠竴璇村惉瀹岃繖娆¤京璁轰細鐨勬兂娉曘��</p>
+ <p>鍦ㄥ満鐨勮瘎濮旀牴鎹鍙嶅弻鏂圭殑琛ㄧ幇鍙戣〃鑷繁鐨勬劅鎯炽��</p>
+ <p>锛堝崄锛夊甯冪粨鏋�</p>
+ <p>鐢辫瘎濮斾滑涓炬墜鎶曠エ鍐冲畾杈╄鐨勭粨鏋溿��</p>
+ <p>锛堢粨鏋滃苟涓嶉噸瑕侊紝閲嶈鐨勬槸骞煎効澶ц儐鍦拌〃杩颁簡鑷繁鐨勮鐐广�傦級</p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩寤朵几锛�</b></p>
+ <p>鏍规嵁杈╄缁撴灉锛屽晢璁ㄨВ鍐冲姙娉曘��</p>
+ <p><b>鏁欏笀鑷瘎锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 鎴戞湰浠ヤ负杩欎釜璇濋娑夊強鐢峰鍜屽コ瀛╃殑闂锛屽瀛愪滑浼氬垎鎴愮敺濂充袱娲撅紝浣嗘槸浜嬪疄鍜屾垜鎯宠薄鐨勫苟涓嶄竴鏍凤紝鏈変簺鐢峰瀛愮珯鍦ㄤ簡姝ｆ柟锛屼篃鏈夊緢澶氬コ瀛╁瓙绔欏湪浜嗗弽鏂广�傝京璁哄湪姝ｅ弽鏂圭殑鑷敱琛ㄨ堪涓�愭笎鍗囨俯銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鎴戣涓鸿繖娆℃椿鍔ㄧ殑璁捐鏄柊棰栫殑锛屽緢澶氬皬鏈嬪弸瀵硅京璁鸿禌浜х敓浜嗘祿鍘氱殑鍏磋叮锛屼簬鏄垜浠氨鎶娾�滃皬灏忚京璁鸿禌鈥濈殑娲诲姩鎵╁睍鍒颁簡娲诲姩鍖轰腑锛屾敼杩涘苟涓板瘜浜嗚京璁鸿鍒欍�備絾鍚屾椂鎴戜篃鍙戠幇浜嗕竴浜涢棶棰橈紝鏈変簺骞煎効涓嶅彂瑷�鎴栬�呭彂瑷�娆℃暟灏戯紝浠婂悗杩樿涓嶆柇灏濊瘯鍚勭娲诲姩锛岃骞煎効鍦ㄥ弬涓庝腑浣撻獙蹇箰銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="216">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(216) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗叓绔� 骞煎効鍚娓告垙娲诲姩</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">209</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <div class="bk2">
+ <p class="center"><b>鏈珷灏忕粨</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 鏈珷瀵瑰辜鍎垮惉璇存父鎴忚繘琛屼簡绯荤粺鐨勪粙缁嶃�傞�氳繃闃愯堪鍚娓告垙鐨勬蹇点�佺壒鐐广�佹剰涔夈�佺被鍨嬶紝璇存槑浜嗗惉璇存父鎴忔槸璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩涓殑涓�绉嶇壒娈婂舰寮忥紝瀵瑰辜鍎胯瑷�鐨勫彂灞曞叿鏈夐噸瑕佹剰涔夛紝浠嬬粛浜嗗惉璇存父鎴忕殑浜旂绫诲瀷锛屽苟鎻愪緵浜嗙浉搴旂殑妗堜緥浠ヤ緵鍙傝�冦�傛湰绔犳弿杩板惉璇存父鎴忕殑璁捐涓庣粍缁囨寚瀵硷紝浠庤瀹氱洰鏍囥�侀�夋嫨鍐呭銆佹瀯鎬濈帺娉曘�佸埗瀹氳鍒欍�佸噯澶囨潗鏂欎簲涓柟闈㈣缁嗕粙缁嶄簡鍚娓告垙鐨勮璁℃楠わ紝浠庡垱璁炬儏澧冦�佹槑纭帺娉曡鍒欍�佺敱鏁欏笀寮曞鍒板辜鍎胯嚜涓绘父鎴忎互鍙婃父鎴忚瘎浠蜂簲涓柟闈㈣鏄庝簡鍚娓告垙鐨勭粍缁囪鐐癸紝鏈�鍚庣壒鍒己璋冧簡缁勭粐涓庢寚瀵煎惉璇存父鎴忔椂搴斿叧娉ㄧ殑闂銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ <p><span class="zt-1">鍏抽敭鏈</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-8">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-3" alt="" src="../../images/tb-9.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+
+ <p class="notIndent">鍚娓告垙</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">娓告垙瑙勫垯</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">娓告垙鐜╂硶</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">璇嶆眹娓告垙</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">鍙ュ瓙娓告垙</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">鎻忚堪鎬ф父鎴�</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">鏁呬簨琛ㄦ紨娓告垙</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+
+ <p>
+ <span class="zt-2">鎬�</span><span class="zt-3">鑰�</span
+ ><span class="zt-2">棰�</span>
+ </p>
+ <div class="tp-9">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-6" alt="" src="../../images/tb-10.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p>1.浠�涔堟槸鍚娓告垙锛熷惉璇存父鎴忕殑鐗圭偣鏈夊摢浜涳紵</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p>2.鍚娓告垙鐨勬剰涔夋湁鍝簺锛�</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p>3.鍚娓告垙鐨勭被鍨嬫湁鍝簺锛�</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj4">瀹炶缁冧範</span></p>
+ <p>
+ 鍚娓告垙鐨勮璁′笌缁勭粐瑕佺偣鏈夊摢浜涳紵瑙傚療灏忕彮骞煎効璇█鍙戝睍锛堝寘鎷闊炽�佽瘝姹囥�佸彞瀛愮瓑锛夌殑瀹為檯鎯呭喌锛岃璁″苟缁勭粐瀹炴柦涓�涓惉璇存父鎴忋��
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="left1">
+ <span class="zt-3">鎷�</span><span class="zt-2">灞�</span
+ ><span class="zt-3">闃�</span><span class="zt-2">璇�</span>
+ </p>
+ <div class="tp-10">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-6" alt="" src="../../images/tb-11.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p>1.鍒樼劚.鍎跨娓告垙閫氳锛籑锛�.鍖椾含锛氬寳浜笀鑼冨ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2004.</p>
+ <p class="block">
+ 鏈功鏄綔鑰呭湪澶氬勾鏁欏鍜岀爺绌剁殑鍩虹涓婏紝鍚告敹鍥藉唴澶栨渶鏂扮殑鐮旂┒鎴愭灉鑰屾挵鍐欑殑涓�閮ㄨ憲浣溿�備綔鑰呰瘯鍥炬妸骞煎効娓告垙缃簬绀句細鏂囧寲銆佸辜鍎垮彂灞曞拰鏁欒偛瀛︾殑澶氱淮瑙嗛噹涓嬶紝缁煎悎杩愮敤浜虹被瀛︺�佸摬瀛︺�佸績鐞嗗鍜屾暀鑲插绛夊绉戠殑瑙傜偣锛屽瑙掑害銆佸灞傞潰鍦版帰璁ㄥ辜鍎挎父鎴忕殑鎰忎箟銆佺壒鐐广�佷环鍊煎拰鍔熻兘锛屾彮绀哄辜鍎挎父鎴忓拰绀句細鏂囧寲銆佸辜鍎挎父鎴忓拰骞煎効鍙戝睍銆佸辜鍎挎父鎴忓拰瀛﹀墠鏁欒偛涔嬮棿澶嶆潅鐨勫叧绯伙紝浠ユ湡寤虹珛涓�涓閲庢瘮杈冨箍闃斻�佸唴瀹规瘮杈�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="217">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(217) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">210</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>鍏ㄩ潰銆佹棦娉ㄩ噸鐞嗚鐮旂┒锛屽張鍏虫敞鏁欒偛瀹炶返鐨勫辜鍎挎父鎴忕悊璁烘柊浣撶郴銆�</p>
+ <p>2.鍛ㄥ參.骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵硷蓟M锛�.鍖椾含锛氶珮绛夋暀鑲插嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2015.</p>
+ <p class="block">
+ 鏈功闆嗕腑灞曠幇浜嗙爺绌跺洟闃熷湪姹夎瀛﹀墠璇█瀛︿範涓庡彂灞曚笂鐨勭爺绌舵垚鏋滐紝鐗瑰埆鏄姹夎瀛﹀墠鍎跨璇█瀛︿範涓庡彂灞曠殑鏍稿績缁忛獙鐨勬⒊鐞嗭紝绐佺牬浜嗕互寰�蹇冪悊璇█瀛﹀皢骞煎効璇█鍒掑垎涓衡�滆闊斥�濃�滆娉曗�濃�滆瘝姹団�濃�滆鐢ㄢ�濈殑鑼冪暣锛屼粠鈥滃彛澶磋瑷�鈥濃�滄枃瀛﹁瑷�鈥濃�滀功闈㈣瑷�鈥濅笁澶х被鍨嬪骞煎効璇█瀛︿範鐨勭被鍨嬭繘琛屼簡鍒掑垎锛屾洿鍔犺创杩戝辜鍎挎暀甯堝湪瀹為檯鏁欏宸ヤ綔涓殑璁ょ煡鏂瑰紡鍜屾暀瀛﹀舰鎬侊紱瀵瑰効绔ヤ笉鍚岃瑷�缁忛獙姘村钩鎸夌収鍙戝睍姘村钩鍒掑垎涓衡�滃垵濮嬮樁娈碘�濃�滅ǔ瀹氶樁娈碘�濃�滄嫇灞曢樁娈碘�濓紝绐佺牬浜嗗皢骞煎効璇█鑳藉姏绠�鍗曟寜鐓у勾榫勯樁娈佃繘琛屽垝鍒嗙殑鏂瑰紡锛屾洿绗﹀悎骞煎効璇█鑳藉姏鍙戝睍鐨勯樁娈电壒鐐广�傛湰涔︾殑鍐呭涓烘垜鍥藉辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鎻愪緵浜嗘柊鐭ヨ瘑銆佹柊瑙嗛噹銆佹柊鏂规硶锛屽鎴戝浗鐨勫辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛浜х敓閲嶈褰卞搷銆�
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="zt-ls">銆愭嫇灞曡棰戞渚嬨��</span></p>
+ </div>
+ <div class="videoBox">
+ <div class="videoItem">
+ <video
+ :src="videoUrl.v87"
+ webkit-playsinline="true"
+ x-webkit-airplay="true"
+ playsinline="true"
+ x5-video-orientation="h5"
+ x5-video-player-fullscreen="true"
+ x5-playsinline=""
+ controls
+ class="video-border w100"
+ ></video>
+ <div class="vname">{{ videoMd5.v87.name }}</div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="videoItem">
+ <video
+ :src="videoUrl.v88"
+ webkit-playsinline="true"
+ x-webkit-airplay="true"
+ playsinline="true"
+ x5-video-orientation="h5"
+ x5-video-player-fullscreen="true"
+ x5-playsinline=""
+ controls
+ class="video-border w100"
+ ></video>
+ <div class="vname">{{ videoMd5.v88.name }}</div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="videoItem">
+ <video
+ :src="videoUrl.v89"
+ webkit-playsinline="true"
+ x-webkit-airplay="true"
+ playsinline="true"
+ x5-video-orientation="h5"
+ x5-video-player-fullscreen="true"
+ x5-playsinline=""
+ controls
+ class="video-border w100"
+ ></video>
+ <div class="vname">{{ videoMd5.v89.name }}</div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+</template>
+
+<script>
+import { getResourcePath } from "@/assets/methods/resources";
+export default {
+ name: "chapter008",
+ props: {
+ showPageList: {
+ type: Array,
+ },
+ resourceList: {
+ type: Object,
+ },
+ },
+ data() {
+ return {
+ chapter004: {},
+ videoUrl: {},
+ videoMd5: {
+ v80: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[48],
+ name: "灏忕彮鍚娓告垙锛氬府濡堝涔颁笢瑗�",
+ },
+ v81: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[49],
+ name: "灏忕彮鍚娓告垙锛氬皬楦″悆涓滆タ",
+ },
+ v82: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[50],
+ name: "涓彮鍚娓告垙锛氬▋濞冨閲屾湁浠�涔�",
+ },
+ v83: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[51],
+ name: "灏忕彮鍚娓告垙锛氬敱姝屾瘮璧�",
+ },
+ v84: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[52],
+ name: "灏忕彮鍚娓告垙锛氳皝鏉ヤ簡",
+ },
+ v85: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[53],
+ name: "灏忕彮鍚娓告垙锛氬皬鍔ㄧ墿鐖卞悆鐨勯鐗�",
+ },
+ v86: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[54],
+ name: "涓彮鍚娓告垙锛氱豢鍙惰埞",
+ },
+ v87: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[56],
+ name: "浣撹偛娓告垙锛氬洓瀛ｅ崰鍦�",
+ },
+ v88: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[57],
+ name: "闊充箰娓告垙锛氬皬楦熷拰澶ц薄",
+ },
+ v89: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[58],
+ name: "鎴峰娲诲姩锛氳嵎鑺卞効鍑犳湀寮�",
+ },
+ },
+ showAnswer3: false,
+ showAnswer2: false,
+ showAnswer1: false,
+ };
+ },
+ methods: {
+ async getVideo(md5, val) {
+ const data = await getResourcePath(md5);
+ this.videoUrl[val] = data;
+ },
+ setBookQuestion() {
+ this.$emit("setBookQuestion", this.chapter004);
+ },
+ },
+ mounted() {
+ for (let key in this.videoMd5) {
+ this.getVideo(this.videoMd5[key].md5, key);
+ }
+ console.log(this.videoUrl);
+ },
+};
+</script>
diff --git a/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter009.vue b/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter009.vue
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a8af38b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter009.vue
@@ -0,0 +1,1429 @@
+<template>
+ <div class="chapter" num="9">
+ <div class="page-box" page="218">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(218) > -1">
+ <div class="bodystyle" style="padding-top: 508px">
+ <h1 id="a013">
+ <img class="img-0 coverImg" alt="" src="../../images/z9.jpg" />
+ </h1>
+ <h6>瀛︿範鐩爣鈻�</h6>
+ <p>
+ 1.鐞嗚В鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勭壒鐐瑰拰鎰忎箟锛屼簡瑙ｆ棩甯哥敓娲讳腑璇█鏁欒偛鑼冨洿鍙婂舰寮忋��
+ </p>
+ <p>2.浜嗚В鏃ュ父浜よ皥鐨勭壒鐐广�佺被鍨嬶紝鎺屾彙鏃ュ父浜よ皥涓瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勬寚瀵艰鐐广��</p>
+ <p>3.浜嗚В娲诲姩鍖鸿涓殑璇█鏁欒偛锛屾帉鎻¤瑷�娲诲姩鍖鸿鐨勮缃��</p>
+ <p>
+ 4.浜嗚В瀹跺洯鍚堜綔涓瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勯噸瑕佹�э紝鎺屾彙瀹跺洯鍚堜綔涓瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勬寚瀵艰鐐广��
+ </p>
+ <h6>瀛︿範瀵煎浘鈻�</h6>
+ <p class="center openImgBox">
+ <img
+ class="img-b"
+ style="width: 100%"
+ alt=""
+ src="../../images/0231-1.jpg"
+ />
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="219">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(219) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">212</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <h6>瀵煎叆妗堜緥鈻�</h6>
+ <p>涓嬮潰鏄嚑涓棩甯哥敓娲诲満鏅細</p>
+ <p>鈶犲浆褰敾瀹屼簡鐢伙紝鑷豹鍦般�佸甫鐫�鏌愮鏈熷緟鍦颁氦缁欎簡鑰佸笀銆�</p>
+ <p>鈶″湪闃呰鍖猴紝灏忓己鍜屽皬鏉板洜涓烘兂鐪嬪悓涓�鏈功浜夊惖浜嗚捣鏉ャ��</p>
+ <p>
+ 鈶附涓芥槸涓�涓椿娉煎紑鏈楃殑瀛╁瓙锛屽彲鏄粖澶╀竴鍏ュ洯灏辨弧鑴镐笉楂樺叴鍦板潗鍦ㄨ钀界殑灏忔瀛愪笂锛屼篃涓嶈璇濄��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鈶ｅ浗搴嗚妭鍋囨湡鍚庝竴涓婂锛屾尝娉㈠氨鍏村鍦版嬁鐫�鑷繁鐨勭収鐗囧悜灏忔湅鍙嬩滑璁茶堪鑷繁鍥藉簡鑺傛梾娓哥殑缁忓巻銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>鈶ゅ皬鑺卞崍浼戞椂鍦ㄥ簥涓婄炕鏉ヨ鍘诲湴鐫′笉鐫�銆�</p>
+ <p><br /></p>
+ <p>
+ 杩欎簺鍦烘櫙鏄辜鍎挎棩甯哥敓娲讳腑缁忓父鍑虹幇鐨勶紝浣犺寰楀叾涓湁鍝簺鏁欒偛鍥犵礌锛熷彲浠ュ埄鐢ㄨ繖浜涘満鏅骞煎効杩涜璇█鏁欒偛鍚楋紵濡傛灉鍙互锛屽張璇ュ浣曡繘琛屾暀鑲诧紵
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <h2 id="b021">绗竴鑺傘��鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓殑璇█鏁欒偛姒傝堪</h2>
+ <h3 id="c056">涓�銆佹棩甯哥敓娲讳腑璇█鏁欒偛鐨勭壒鐐�</h3>
+ <p>
+ 鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓殑璇█鏁欒偛灏辨槸鎴愪汉锛堜富瑕佹槸鏁欏笀鍜屽闀跨瓑锛夊厖鍒嗗埄鐢ㄥ辜鍎夸竴鏃ョ殑鐢熸椿鐜妭锛屽叏鏂逛綅銆佸瑙掑害鍦颁负骞煎効鎻愪緵涓板瘜鐨勮瑷�瀛︿範鍐呭鍜屽鏉剧殑璇█瀛︿範鐜锛岄紦鍔卞辜鍎夸箣闂淬�佸辜鍎夸笌鎴愪汉涔嬮棿杩涜鐩镐簰浜ゆ祦锛屼娇骞煎効褰㈡垚绉瀬鐨勮瑷�浜ゅ線鎬佸害鍜岃壇濂界殑璇█浜ゆ祦涔犳儻銆傛棩甯哥敓娲讳腑鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛鍏锋湁浠ヤ笅鐗圭偣銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d153">锛堜竴锛夌幆澧冨鏉俱�佽嚜鐒�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 銆婄翰瑕併�嬫寚鍑猴紝璇█鑳藉姏鏄湪杩愮敤鐨勮繃绋嬩腑鍙戝睍璧锋潵鐨勶紝瑕佸垱閫犱竴涓嚜鐢便�佸鏉剧殑璇█浜ゅ線鐜銆傛棩甯哥敓娲绘涓哄辜鍎挎彁渚涗簡杩欐牱涓�涓瑷�瀛︿範鐨勭幆澧冿紝鑰屼笖鏄叾浠栬瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鎵�涓嶈兘澶熸彁渚涚殑鏈�瀹芥澗銆佹渶鑷劧鐨勮瑷�浜ゆ祦鐜銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d154">锛堜簩锛夎瑷�鍏锋湁閲嶅鎬�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓殑璇█缁忓父鏄噸澶嶄娇鐢ㄧ殑锛屽骞煎効姣忓ぉ鍏ュ洯銆佺鍥椂鍜岃�佸笀銆佸叾浠栧辜鍎块棶鍊欏強閬撳埆绛夈�傝�岄噸澶嶆�ф槸骞煎効瀛︿範鐨勪竴涓壒鐐癸紝鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓殑璇嶆眹鐢变簬鍙嶅鍑虹幇锛岄�愭笎涓哄辜鍎挎墍鐔熸倝銆佹ā浠胯繍鐢紝杩涜�屽姞娣变簡骞煎効瀵硅繖浜涜瘝姹囩殑鍗拌薄鍜岀悊瑙ｏ紝鏈�缁堟帉鎻″苟鐏垫椿杩愮敤銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d155">锛堜笁锛夎瑷�褰㈣薄銆佺湡瀹�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄦ棩甯哥敓娲讳腑锛屽辜鍎挎帴瑙︾殑璇嶆眹鍜屽彞瀛愰兘涓庢棩甯哥殑鎯呭鐩稿叧锛岃瘝鍙ュ拰姝ｅ湪鍙戠敓鐨勪簨鎯呯浉瀵瑰簲锛屽鍚嶈瘝鍜屽疄鐗┿�佸姩璇嶅拰鐩稿簲鍔ㄤ綔涓�璧峰嚭鐜帮紝鍦ㄧ湡瀹炵殑鎯呭涓娇鐢ㄣ�傚辜鍎垮湪涓�涓舰璞°�佽嚜鐒剁湡瀹炵殑鐜涓紝閫氳繃瑙嗚銆佽Е瑙夈�佸惉瑙夌瓑鏉ユ劅鍙楃敓娲伙紝浣撻獙鐢熸椿锛屼粠鑰岃幏寰楄瑷�鐨勫涔犱笌鍙戝睍銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="220">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(220) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗節绔� 骞煎効鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓殑璇█鏁欒偛</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">213</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <h3 id="c057">浜屻�佹棩甯哥敓娲讳腑璇█鏁欒偛鐨勮寖鍥村強褰㈠紡</h3>
+ <p>
+ 鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓殑璇█鏁欒偛娑夊強鐨勮寖鍥村緢骞匡紝褰㈠紡涔熷绉嶅鏍枫�傞壌浜庡辜鍎跨敓娲荤殑鑼冨洿锛岃繖閲屼粎闃愯堪鏃ュ父浜よ皥鍜屾椿鍔ㄥ尯瑙掍腑鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛銆傛棩甯镐氦璋堜腑鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛涓昏娓楅�忓湪骞煎効涓�鏃ョ敓娲荤殑鍏ュ洯銆佸氨椁愩�佹椿鍔ㄣ�佹父鎴忋�佺洢娲椼�佸崍浼戙�佺鍥瓑鐜妭涓紝鑰屾椿鍔ㄥ尯瑙掍腑鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛涓昏钀藉疄浜庡浘涔﹁銆佽鍚銆佽〃婕旇銆佽鑹插尯绛夋椿鍔ㄤ腑銆傚辜鍎垮洯鍜屽搴槸骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐨勪袱澶т富浣擄紝鍏ㄩ潰瀹炴柦鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓殑璇█鏁欒偛锛屽鍥悎浣滆嚦鍏抽噸瑕併��
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c058">涓夈�佹棩甯哥敓娲讳腑璇█鏁欒偛鐨勬剰涔�</h3>
+ <h4 id="d156">锛堜竴锛夊彂灞曞辜鍎跨殑璇█杩愮敤鑳藉姏</h4>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鐨勮瑷�杩愮敤鏄辜鍎垮湪瀛︿範鍜岃幏寰楄瑷�鐨勮繃绋嬩腑涓嶆柇鎿嶄綔鍜屼娇鐢ㄨ瑷�杩涜浜ゆ祦鐨勭幇璞°�傚湪骞煎効鐨勪竴鏃ョ敓娲讳腑锛屾暀甯堣淇濇姢骞煎効璇█浜ゅ線鐨勪富鍔ㄦ�у拰绉瀬鎬э紝灏婇噸骞煎効鐨勮瑷�浜ゅ線鍏磋叮鍜岄渶姹傘�傚辜鍎垮湪杩欑瀹芥澗銆佹剦鎮︾殑鐜涓紝鍏呭垎鍔ㄦ墜銆佸姩鍙ｃ�佸姩鑴戯紝瀛︿範銆佺粌涔犲苟杩愮敤璇█銆傚湪鏈�鐪熷疄銆佹渶鑷劧鐨勬儏澧冧腑锛屽辜鍎跨殑璇█杩愮敤鑳藉姏鑾峰緱鍙戝睍銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d157">锛堜簩锛夊彂灞曞辜鍎跨殑浜洪檯浜ゅ線鑳藉姏</h4>
+ <p>
+ 浜ゅ線鏄辜鍎跨殑涓�绉嶇ぞ浼氶渶瑕侊紝鏄辜鍎垮疄鐜扮ぞ浼氭�у彂灞曠殑蹇呯粡閫斿緞銆傚辜鍎夸汉闄呬氦寰�鑳藉姏鐨勫煿鍏讳笉瀹瑰拷瑙嗭紝闇�瑕佸湪鑹ソ鐨勭幆澧冨拰浜ゅ線瀹炶返涓墠鑳藉緱鍒伴敾鐐煎拰鎻愰珮銆傚湪鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓紝骞煎効涓庡辜鍎裤�佸辜鍎夸笌鎴愪汉涔嬮棿鏈夌潃鏈�鑷劧涓庣湡瀹炵殑浜ゅ線锛岃繖鏍风殑浜ゅ線鐜鏄彂灞曞辜鍎夸汉闄呬氦寰�鑳藉姏鐨勬渶濂介�斿緞涔嬩竴銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d158">锛堜笁锛変笓闂ㄦ�ц瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勫繀瑕佽ˉ鍏呭拰寤朵几</h4>
+ <p>
+ 涓撻棬鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛鍐呭鏄牴鎹棦瀹氱殑璇█鏁欒偛鐩爣锛岄�氳繃鏈夎鍒掋�佹湁缁勭粐鐨勭郴鍒楄瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鏉ュ憟鐜扮殑锛岃�岃繖浜涙椿鍔ㄤ负骞煎効鎻愪緵浜嗘瘮杈冩寮忕殑璇█浜ら檯鐜锛屼娇骞煎効鑳藉湪鏁欏笀鐨勭洿鎺ユ寚瀵煎拰鍙備笌涓嬭繘琛屾瘮杈冪郴缁熺殑璇█瀛︿範銆備絾涓撻棬鎬х殑璇█鏁欒偛鏃堕棿銆佺┖闂村拰鍐呭鏈夐檺銆傛棩甯哥敓娲讳腑鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛鍗磋疮绌夸簬骞煎効鐨勪竴鏃ョ敓娲伙紝鏃堕棿銆佺┖闂寸浉瀵硅嚜鐢憋紝鍐呭涓板瘜锛岃�屼笖涓撻棬鎬ц瑷�鏁欒偛涓墍瀛﹀唴瀹瑰彲浠ュ湪骞煎効鐨勬棩甯哥敓娲讳腑寰楀埌瀹炶返鍜屽簲鐢紝鍗冲緱鍒板涔犲拰宸╁浐銆傚洜姝わ紝鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓殑璇█鏁欒偛鏄笓闂ㄦ�ц瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勫繀瑕佽ˉ鍏呭拰寤朵几銆�
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk">
+ <div class="bk1">
+ <p><span class="bj2">骞煎効鍥暀甯堣祫鏍艰瘉鑰冭瘯路鐪熼鍐嶇幇</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-2">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="../../images/tb-1.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <b>2017骞翠笅鍗婂勾銆婁繚鏁欑煡璇嗕笌鑳藉姏銆嬫潗鏂欏垎鏋愰</b>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 寮�瀛︿笉涔咃紝灏忕彮鐜嬭�佸笀灏卞彂鐜帮細鏉庤檸灏忔湅鍙嬬粡甯歌鑴忚瘽銆傝櫧鐒惰�佸笀澶氭鎵硅瘎锛�
+ 浣嗕粬杩樻槸缁忓父璇达紝鐢氳嚦褰卞搷鍏朵粬瀛╁瓙涔熻鑴忚瘽銆傞棶棰橈細
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�1锛夎鍒嗘瀽鏉庤檸鍙婂叾浠栧辜鍎胯鑴忚瘽鐨勫彲鑳藉師鍥犮��</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p>锛�2锛夌帇鑰佸笀鍙互閲囧彇鍝簺鏈夋晥鐨勫共棰勬帾鏂斤紵</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="221">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(221) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">214</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <h2 id="b022">绗簩鑺傘��鏃ュ父浜よ皥涓殑璇█鏁欒偛</h2>
+ <h3 id="c059">涓�銆佷粈涔堟槸鏃ュ父浜よ皥</h3>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鍥棩甯哥敓娲讳负骞煎効鎻愪緵浜嗗ぇ閲忕殑璇█浜ゅ線鏈轰細锛屽叾涓棩甯镐氦璋堝氨鏄竴绉嶅父瑙佺殑璇█浜ゅ線褰㈠紡銆傚辜鍎跨殑鏃ュ父浜よ皥鏄辜鍎垮湪鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓互闂瓟鎴栧璇濈殑鏂瑰紡涓庝粬浜鸿繘琛岀殑涓�绉嶅彛璇氦闄呮椿鍔ㄣ�傚辜鍎垮彲浠ュ湪鏁欏笀鍒涜鐨勫彛璇氦璋堟儏澧冧腑锛屼笌鍚屼即鎴栬�呮暀甯堜箣闂村洿缁曚竴瀹氱殑璇濋杩涜浜ゆ祦锛屽�惧惉浠栦汉鐨勬剰瑙侊紝琛ㄨ揪鑷繁鐨勬兂娉曘�傚辜鍎胯繕鍙互涓庡悓浼存垨鏁欏笀杩涜闅忔満鐨勮瑷�浜ゆ祦銆傞�氳繃鏃ュ父浜よ皥锛屽辜鍎垮彲浠ュ珐鍥烘墍瀛﹁瑷�锛屾彁楂樼悊瑙ｄ笌杩愮敤璇█鐨勮兘鍔涳紝浠庤�屼績杩涘辜鍎胯繍鐢ㄥ彛澶磋瑷�涓庝粬浜鸿繘琛岃瑷�浜ゅ線鑳藉姏鐨勫彂灞曘��
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c060">浜屻�佹棩甯镐氦璋堢殑鐗圭偣</h3>
+ <p>
+ 鏃ュ父浜よ皥鍙戠敓鍦ㄥ辜鍎跨殑涓�鏃ョ敓娲讳腑锛屽拰涓撻棬鎬х殑璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐩稿搴旓紝灏ゅ叾鏄笓闂ㄦ�ц瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩涓殑璋堣瘽娲诲姩銆傛棩甯镐氦璋堝叿鏈変互涓嬫樉钁楃壒鐐广��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d159">锛堜竴锛夋儏澧冩��</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鏃ュ父浜よ皥鍙互閿荤偧骞煎効鐨勫彛璇氦闄呰兘鍔涳紝浣嗚繖绉嶈兘鍔涚殑鍩瑰吇闇�瑕佸湪鍏蜂綋鎯呭涓繘琛屻�傚辜鍎挎椂鏃堕兘澶勫湪涓�绉嶇敓娲绘儏澧冧腑锛岃�岃繖绉嶆儏澧冩槸涓嶆柇鍦板彂鐢熷彉鍖栫殑锛岃繖灏遍渶瑕佸辜鍎跨殑瑙掕壊闅忕潃鎯呭鐨勫彉鍖栬�屾敼鍙橈紝骞煎効瑕侀拡瀵硅嚜宸辨壙鎷呯殑涓嶅悓瑙掕壊闅忔椂璋冩暣鑷繁鐨勮闊炽�佽璋冦�佽璇濈殑鍐呭鍜屾柟寮忕瓑銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d160">锛堜簩锛夊鏉炬��</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鏃ュ父浜よ皥鐨勪晶閲嶇偣鏄粰骞煎効鎻愪緵鍚拰璇寸殑鏈轰細锛岃骞煎効鍦ㄨ嚜鐒躲�佽交鏉剧殑璇█鐜涓繍鐢ㄨ瑷�锛屼互鎻愰珮鍏惰瑷�鏁忔劅搴﹀拰杩愮敤鑳藉姏锛屼粠鑰屼娇骞煎効鐨勬�濈淮鏇村姞娲昏穬锛岃〃杩板唴瀹规洿鍔犱赴瀵岋紝琛ㄨ揪鏇翠负娴佺晠鑷劧銆傛棩甯镐氦璋堜笉瑕佹眰骞煎効鏈夌粺涓�鐨勭瓟妗堝拰涓�鑷寸殑鎬濊矾涓庢兂娉曪紝骞煎効鍙互鏍规嵁鑷繁鐨勬劅鍙楀拰鎯虫硶琛ㄨ揪鑷繁鐨勮鐐广�傛棩甯镐氦璋堜篃涓嶈姹傚辜鍎夸娇鐢ㄨ鑼冩棤璇殑鍙ュ紡鍜屾祦鐣呰繛璐殑璇锛屽彧瑕佸辜鍎胯兘澶熺Н鏋佽璇濓紝鍏呭垎琛ㄨ揪涓汉鐨勬兂娉曞氨濂姐�傚彟澶栵紝鏃ュ父浜よ皥鐨勬椂闂撮暱鐭篃娌℃湁瑙勫畾锛屽辜鍎垮彲浠ユ牴鎹嚜宸辩殑鎯虫硶鍜屽叴瓒ｆ潵璋冩暣鏃堕棿鐨勯暱鐭�傚洜姝わ紝鏃ュ父璋堣瘽缁欏辜鍎挎彁渚涗簡涓�绉嶈嚜鐒躲�侀殢鎰忋�佽交鏉俱�佹棤鎷樻潫鐨勮澧冦��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d161">锛堜笁锛変笉纭畾鎬�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鏃ュ父浜よ皥鍦ㄦ椂闂翠笂鏈夊緢澶х殑绐佸彂鎬у拰闅忔満鎬э紝浜よ皥澶у鏄棤鎰忕殑銆佸鍙樼殑銆佹病鏈夋彁鍓嶉绾︾殑銆備氦璋堢殑鍙屾柟鎴栦竴鏂规槸鍦ㄦ鏃犲噯澶囩殑鎯呭喌涓嬪弬涓庡彛璇氦闄呯殑锛屾瘮濡傦紝涓や釜骞煎効涔嬮棿鍙戠敓鐨勮皥璇濓紝鏄洜涓虹浉閬囨墦鎷涘懠鎴栬�呮槸鍥犱负瀵瑰悓涓�浜嬬墿浜х敓鍏磋叮绛夈�傝繕鏈夊彲鑳芥槸涓�鏂瑰鏁欏笀鎴栧闀垮湪鏌愮鎯呭涓悜骞煎効鎶涘嚭涓�涓瘽棰橈紝骞煎効浜х敓浜嗗簲绛旓紝杩涜�屽彂鐢熶簡鍙ｈ浜ら檯銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="222">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(222) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗節绔� 骞煎効鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓殑璇█鏁欒偛</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">215</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <h4 id="d162">锛堝洓锛変俊鎭殑澶氬悜鎬�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鏃ュ父浜よ皥鏄辜鍎夸笌鍚屼即鎴栦笌鎴愪汉涔嬮棿杩涜鐨勫彛璇氦闄呫�傛棤璁烘槸骞煎効杩樻槸鎴愪汉锛屾瘡涓汉閮芥湁鍚勮嚜鐨勭敓娲荤粡楠屽拰鎯呮劅浣撻獙锛岄�氳繃浜よ皥锛屽辜鍎垮彲浠ヤ粠涓幏鍙栧ぇ閲忕殑淇℃伅锛涜�屼笖涓嶅悓涓綋琛ㄨ堪璇█鐨勬柟寮忎笉鍚岋紝閫氳繃浜よ皥锛屽辜鍎垮彲浠ュ涔犳洿澶氱殑璇█琛ㄨ揪鏂瑰紡锛屼粠鑰屼赴瀵岃嚜宸辩殑璇█浜ゆ祦鏂瑰紡锛屾彁楂樺彛璇〃杩拌兘鍔涖��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d163">锛堜簲锛夋�濈淮鐨勬晱鎹锋��</h4>
+ <p>
+ 璇█鏄�濈淮鐨勭墿璐ㄥ澹筹紝鎬濈淮鏄瑷�鐨勫唴鏍革紝鎬濈淮姘村钩鐨勯珮浣庡埗绾︾潃璇█浜ら檯瀹屾垚姘村钩鐨勯珮浣庯紝鍚屾椂绉瀬涓诲姩鍦拌繍鐢ㄨ瑷�涔熻兘閿荤偧骞煎効鐨勬�濈淮鑳藉姏銆傜敱浜庢棩甯镐氦璋堟椂闂寸殑闅忔満鎬с�佷俊鎭殑澶氬悜鎬х瓑鐗圭偣锛屽辜鍎垮湪浜よ皥涓鎬濈淮鏁忔嵎锛屽弽搴旂伒娲伙紝鑳藉杩呴�熷皢鍚淇℃伅銆佷富瑙傛劅鍙椼�佷釜浜烘剰鎰夸笌瑕佹眰杞崲鎴愪氦闄呰瑷�锛屽敖閲忔棤闅滅鍦拌〃杈捐嚜宸辩殑鎯虫硶鍜屾劅鍙椼��
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c061">涓夈�佹棩甯镐氦璋堢殑涓昏绫诲瀷</h3>
+ <h4 id="d164">锛堜竴锛夋垚浜轰笌骞煎効浜よ皥</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鎴愪汉涓庡辜鍎夸氦璋堟槸鎴愪汉涓庡辜鍎夸箣闂寸殑涓�绉嶆湁鏁堢殑瑷�璇矡閫氬拰浜ゆ祦鐨勬柟寮忥紝鍖呮嫭闆嗕綋浜よ皥鍜屼釜鍒氦璋堜袱绉嶅舰寮忋�傞泦浣撲氦璋堟槸鎸囨暀甯堜笌鍏ㄧ彮鎴栧皬缁勫辜鍎匡紝鎴栧叾浠栨垚浜轰笌缇や綋骞煎効鍥寸粫鏌愪釜鎴栨煇浜涜瘽棰樿�屽紑灞曠殑璇█浜ゆ祦銆備釜鍒氦璋堟槸鎴愪汉涓庝釜鍒辜鍎胯繘琛岀殑涓�绉嶆湁鐩殑鐨勬垨闅忔満鐨勮瑷�浜ゆ祦銆�
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">妗堜緥9-1</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-1">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center"><b>鏃╂櫒锛屾暀甯堟帴寰呭辜鍎垮叆鍥�</b></p>
+ <p>灏忓己锛氳�佸笀锛屾槰澶╂櫄涓婄湅鐢佃锛屽濡堟壒璇勬垜浜嗐��</p>
+ <p>鏁欏笀锛氬濡堜负浠�涔堟壒璇勪綘鍛紵</p>
+ <p>灏忓己锛氬濡堜笉璁╂垜鐪嬬數瑙嗭紝璇存垜鐪嬬數瑙嗙殑鏃堕棿澶暱銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀锛氬皬瀛╁瓙鍙互鐪嬬數瑙嗭紝浣嗘槸涓嶈兘鏃堕棿澶暱锛屾椂闂撮暱浜嗗鐪肩潧涓嶅ソ銆傚皬寮虹湅鐢佃鐨勬椂闂翠笉闀匡紝濡堝灏变笉鐢熸皵锛屼笉鎵硅瘎灏忓己浜嗐��
+ </p>
+ <p>灏忓己锛氭垜鐭ラ亾浜嗐��</p>
+ <h4 id="d165">锛堜簩锛夊辜鍎夸笌骞煎効浜よ皥</h4>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効涓庡辜鍎夸氦璋堟槸鍚屼即涔嬮棿鍥寸粫鎰熷叴瓒ｇ殑璇濋杩涜鐨勪竴绉嶈瑷�娌熼�氫笌浜ゆ祦銆傚叿浣撶殑褰㈠紡鍖呮嫭骞煎効涓綋涓庡辜鍎夸釜浣撲箣闂淬�佸辜鍎夸釜浣撲笌骞煎効缇や綋涔嬮棿銆佸辜鍎跨兢浣撲笌骞煎効缇や綋涔嬮棿鐨勮瑷�浜ゆ祦銆�
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">妗堜緥9-2</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-1">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center"><b>绉湪鍖烘父鎴忎腑</b></p>
+ <p>灏忚豹锛氱湅锛屾垜鐨勭伀杞﹀紑杩囨潵浜嗭紝鍛滃憸鈥︹��</p>
+ <p>涔愪箰锛氫笉瑕佽繃鏉ワ紝浣犵殑鐏溅浼氭妸鎴戠殑妗ュ紕鍧忕殑锛屼笉瑕佽繃鏉ャ��</p>
+ <p>鍐夊唹锛氱伀杞﹀彲浠ヤ粠妗ヤ笂杩囷紝妗ヤ笉浼氬潖鐨勩��</p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="223">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(223) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">216</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>涔愪箰锛氬鍛�锛岀伀杞﹀彲浠ヤ粠妗ヤ笂杩囷紝鎴戠殑妗ユ槸鏈�濂界殑妗ャ��</p>
+ <h3 id="c062">鍥涖�佹棩甯镐氦璋堢殑鎰忎箟</h3>
+ <h4 id="d166">锛堜竴锛変簡瑙ｅ辜鍎胯瑷�鐨勫彂灞曠姸鍐�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄦ棩甯镐氦璋堜腑锛屾暀甯堥�氳繃涓庡辜鍎夸氦璋堝拰鍊惧惉骞煎効涔嬮棿鐨勪氦璋堢瓑褰㈠紡锛屼笉浠呭彲浠ョ湡瀹炲湴浜嗚В鏈彮骞煎効璇█鍙戝睍鐨勪竴鑸姸鍐碉紝鑰屼笖杩樺彲浠ユ瘮杈冨叿浣撳湴鎺屾彙姣忎釜骞煎効鐨勮瑷�鍙戝睍姘村钩銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d167">锛堜簩锛夋湁鍔╀簬瀵瑰辜鍎胯瑷�杩涜鎸囧</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鏃ュ父浜よ皥鍙互璁╂暀甯堜簡瑙ｅ辜鍎胯瑷�鐨勫彂灞曠姸鍐碉紝鍚屾椂涔熺粰鏁欏笀鎻愪緵浜嗗骞煎効杩涜璇█鎸囧鐨勯�斿緞銆傛瘮濡傦紝鏁欏笀鍙互閲囧彇涓庡辜鍎夸釜鍒氦璋堢殑鏂瑰紡锛岃繘琛岃闊炽�佽瘝姹囥�佸彞寮忕瓑鏂归潰鐨勬暀鑲诧紱瀵瑰辜鍎垮彛璇腑鍑虹幇鐨勯敊璇紝鑳藉鍙婃椂鍙戠幇骞朵簣浠ョ籂姝ｏ紱鍚屾椂锛岀粰鏁欏笀鎸囧骞煎効缁冧範鍙ｈ鎻愪緵浜嗘満浼氾紝淇冭繘骞煎効鍙ｈ浜ら檯鑳藉姏鐨勫彂灞曘�傛棩甯哥敓娲讳腑鐨勪氦璋堟槸骞煎効缁冧範鍙ｈ琛ㄨ揪鐨勯噸瑕佸舰寮忥紝杩欑鏃ュ父浜よ皥鏇存湁鍔╀簬鏁欏笀鍥犳潗鏂芥暀銆�
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c063">浜斻�佹棩甯镐氦璋堜腑鐨勮瑷�鎸囧瑕佺偣</h3>
+ <p>
+ 鏃ュ父浜よ皥鍦ㄩ敾鐐煎辜鍎垮彛璇氦闄呰兘鍔涙柟闈㈡湁鍏朵粬璇█鏁欒偛褰㈠紡鏃犳硶鏇夸唬鐨勪紭鍔匡紝瀹冨叿鏈夎嚜鍙戞�с�侀殢鏈烘�х瓑鐗圭偣锛屼负浜嗘洿濂藉湴鍙戞尌鏃ュ父浜よ皥鍦ㄥ辜鍎胯瑷�鍙戝睍鏂归潰鐨勪綔鐢紝鎴愪汉鍜屾暀甯堝簲璇ヨ繍鐢ㄤ互涓嬫寚瀵肩瓥鐣ャ��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d168">锛堜竴锛夋妸鎻¤皥璇濇椂鏈�</h4>
+ <h5 id="e150">1.鏃ュ父浜ゅ線涓殑璇█鎸囧</h5>
+ <p>
+ 璇█鏄汉涓庝汉涔嬮棿浜ゆ祦鍜屾矡閫氱殑宸ュ叿銆傚辜鍎跨殑鏃ュ父鐢熸椿鏄瑷�鐨勬簮娉夛紝涓板瘜澶氬僵鐨勬棩甯哥敓娲诲厖瀹炰簡骞煎効浜よ皥鐨勫唴瀹癸紝涔熺粰骞煎効鎻愪緵浜嗗鏉俱�佹剦鎮︾殑浜よ皥鎯呭銆備粠杩涘洯鐨勯偅涓�鍒诲紑濮嬶紝骞煎効渚垮紑濮嬩簡鍦ㄥ洯鐨勬棩甯镐氦璋堛��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏅ㄩ棿鎺ュ緟鏃讹紝鏁欏笀鍙互寮曞骞煎効璁蹭竴璁叉潵鍥�斾腑鐨勮闂伙紝璇翠竴璇村墠涓�澶╂櫄涓婂湪瀹堕噷鐨勬湁瓒ｇ粡鍘嗭紝鑱婁竴鑱婂辜鍎垮枩娆㈢殑鍔ㄧ敾鐗囩瓑銆傜洢娲楁椂锛屾暀甯堟寚瀵煎辜鍎胯竟蹇垫礂鎵嬫瓕杈规礂鎵嬶紝濡傗�滄尳璧疯瀛愭潵娲楁墜锛岃交杞绘嫥寮�姘撮緳澶达紝娣嬫箍灏忔墜鎶硅偉鐨傦紝涓ゆ墜瀵瑰湪涓�璧锋悡锛屾悡鎵嬪績锛屾悡鎵嬭儗鈥︹�︹�濇礂濂藉皬鎵嬶紝杩樺彲浠ユ瘮涓�姣旓紝鐪嬭皝娲楀緱骞插噣锛屼氦娴佷竴涓嬫礂鎵嬬殑缁忛獙銆傝繘椁愬墠锛屽紩瀵煎辜鍎挎姤鑿滃悕锛屼粠棰滆壊銆佸舰鐘躲�佸懗閬撱�佽惀鍏荤瓑鏂归潰鎻忚堪鎽嗗湪骞煎効闈㈠墠鐨勯鐗┿�傝繘椁愬悗锛屽彲浠ヨ骞煎効璇磋椋熺墿鐨勫懗閬撶瓑銆傚崍鐫″墠锛屾暀甯堝彲浠ョ粰骞煎効璁茶堪鐫″墠灏忔晠浜嬨�傜┛鑴卞琛ｆ椂锛屾暀缁欏辜鍎挎纭殑绌胯劚琛ｆ湇鐨勬柟娉曞拰椤哄簭锛岃鍑鸿嚜宸辫韩浣撲富瑕侀儴浣嶅拰琛ｆ湇鐨勫悕绉般�傚湪瀹ゅ唴鍜屾埛澶栨父鎴忔椂锛屽紩瀵煎辜鍎胯鍑虹帺鍏峰拰娓告垙鍔ㄤ綔鐨勫悕绉帮紝鏈夌ぜ璨屽湴璇㈤棶鐜╀即鐨勬剰瑙侊紝榧撳姳骞煎効鐢ㄨ瑷�瑙ｅ喅鍦ㄦ父鎴忎腑閬囧埌鐨勭籂绾枫�傚湪鍙傝銆佹暎姝ユ椂锛屽紩瀵煎辜鍎块�氳繃鎽搞�佺湅銆侀椈銆佸惉绛夋柟寮忎翰韬綋楠屻�佹劅鍙椾赴瀵屽褰╃殑鍛ㄥ洿涓栫晫锛岄紦鍔卞辜鍎胯杩拌瀵熷埌鐨勪簨鐗╁拰鐜拌薄锛屾弿杩拌嚜宸辩殑蹇冪悊鎰熷彈绛夈��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e151">2.鎵ц鐝骇甯歌鎸囦护鐨勮瑷�鎸囧</h5>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効闇�瑕佸钩琛℃湁瑙勫緥鐨勬棩甯哥敓娲汇�傝繖绉嶉渶瑕佷笉浠呮湁鍒╀簬骞煎効褰㈡垚鍚勭鍏崇郴鐨勪竴
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="224">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(224) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗節绔� 骞煎効鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓殑璇█鏁欒偛</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">217</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鑷存�у拰淇′换鎰燂紝鑰屼笖涔熸槸韬綋鍋ュ悍鍙戣偛鐨勯渶瑕併�傚悓鏃朵篃鏄辜鍎垮叏闈㈠拰璋愬彂灞曠殑鏉′欢銆�<a
+ id="w1"
+ ></a
+ ><a href="chapter009.html#m1"><sup>[1]</sup></a
+ >鐝骇甯歌鏄辜鍎垮洯涓�鏃ョ敓娲讳腑鍚勭娲诲姩搴旇閬靛惊鐨勫熀鏈涓哄噯鍒欙紝鍖呮嫭寰堝鎸囦护锛屾瘮濡傦紝鏉ュ洯瑕佸拰鏁欏笀銆佸悓浼寸ぜ璨岄棶鏃╋紱楗墠渚垮悗瑕佹礂鎵嬶紱杩涢鏃朵笉璁茶瘽锛屼笉鎾掗キ锛屼笉鎸戦锛涚湅涔︽椂瑕佸畨闈欙紱鍗堢潯鏃惰杞昏交璧拌繘鍗堢潯瀹わ紝鑴辫。鏈嶅畨闈欑潯瑙夛紱璧板粖涓娿�佹ゼ姊笂涓嶆墦闂癸紝闈犲彸杈硅蛋锛涙父鎴忓悗锛岃鏀舵嬀鏁寸悊鐜╁叿鍜屾潗鏂欑瓑銆傝繖浜涘父瑙勫浜庣彮绾ф甯哥殑淇濇暀绉╁簭鍙婂辜鍎垮彂灞曞叿鏈夐噸瑕佹剰涔夈�備絾鏄彮绾у父瑙勭殑寤虹珛涓嶆槸涓�韫磋�屽氨鐨勶紝骞煎効涓嶄竴瀹氳兘澶熺悊瑙ｆ暀甯堝彂鍑虹殑鎸囦护锛屾暀甯堣寮曞骞煎効鍚噦骞剁悊瑙ｃ�傛瘮濡傦紝鏁欏笀鍙戝嚭鈥滆灏忔湅鍙嬫妸鍥句功灏侀潰鏈濅笂鏀惧湪涔︽灦涓娾�濈殑鎸囦护锛屾暀甯堣鎷胯捣涓�鏈功鍋氱ず鑼冿紝鏁欑粰骞煎効璁ょ煡灏侀潰鏄功鐨勫摢涓�閮ㄥ垎锛岃繖鏍峰辜鍎挎墠鑳藉惉鎳傜悊瑙ｆ寚浠ゃ�傛暀甯堝簲璇ュ湪甯姪骞煎効寤虹珛鍜屾墽琛岀彮绾у父瑙勭殑杩囩▼涓紝鎻愰珮骞煎効鐞嗚В璇█鎸囦护銆佸苟鎸夎瑷�鎸囦护琛屽姩鐨勮兘鍔涖��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d169">锛堜簩锛夊垱璁捐皥璇濇儏澧�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鍙ｈ浜ら檯闇�瑕佷竴瀹氱殑璋堣瘽鎯呭鍜岃皥璇濊�咃紝鏁欏笀瑕佸洜鍦般�佸洜浜恒�佸洜鏃跺湴鍒涢�犳椂鏈猴紝鍒涜璋堣瘽鎯呭锛岀粍缁囨暀甯堜笌骞煎効銆佸辜鍎夸笌骞煎効涔嬮棿杩涜浜掑姩锛屾縺鍙戝辜鍎胯繘琛屾棩甯镐氦璋堢殑娆叉湜銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e152">1.甯堝辜浜掑姩鎯呭鍒涜</h5>
+ <p>
+ 甯堝辜浜掑姩鏄寚鏁欏笀鍜屽辜鍎夸箣闂村埄鐢ㄨ瑷�杩涜鐩镐簰浜ゆ祦鍜屾矡閫氥�傛暀甯堝湪鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓�氳繃娓告垙銆佹椿鍔ㄣ�佸涔犵瓑澶氱褰㈠紡涓庡辜鍎夸骇鐢熶簰鍔紝涓哄辜鍎胯瑷�瀛︿範鎻愪緵鍏蜂綋銆佺敓鍔ㄧ殑鎯呭銆備负浜嗚兘鏇村ソ鍦板彂鎸ュ笀骞间簰鍔ㄥ湪骞煎効鍙ｈ浜ら檯涓殑浣滅敤锛屽垱璁惧笀骞间簰鍔ㄦ儏澧冩椂搴旇娉ㄦ剰浠ヤ笅鍑犱釜鏂归潰銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�1锛夊熀浜庡笀骞煎钩绛夌殑浜よ皥銆傚湪甯堝辜浜よ皥涓紝鏁欏笀搴旇鎽嗘鑷繁鐨勪綅缃紝鎵惧埌鑷繁鐨勮鑹插畾浣嶏紝骞崇瓑鍦颁笌骞煎効杩涜璇█浜ゆ祦鍜屾矡閫氥�傝瑷�浜ら檯鏄浉浜掔殑锛屽惉涓庤銆佺悊瑙ｄ笌琛ㄨ揪鏋勬垚浜嗕氦闄呯殑涓や釜鏂归潰銆傛暀甯堝拰骞煎効閮借鏈夊惉鏈夎锛屾暀甯堣绉瀬鑱嗗惉骞煎効鐨勮〃杩帮紝缁欏辜鍎垮垱閫犱竴涓钩绛夈�佽嚜鐒躲�侀殢鎰忕殑浜ゆ祦姘涘洿銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�2锛夎瑷�绀鸿寖銆傚辜鍎挎澶勪簬妯′豢闃舵锛岃瑷�浜ら檯涓暀甯堢殑瑷�琛屾湁鎰忔棤鎰忓湴浼氳骞煎効鎵�妯′豢锛屽洜姝わ紝鏁欏笀瑕佸厖鍒嗗埄鐢ㄥ笀骞间氦璋堢殑鏈轰細锛屾湁鎰忚瘑鍦颁负骞煎効鎻愪緵鑹ソ鐨勮瑷�姒滄牱銆傛墍浠ワ紝鏁欏笀闇�瑕佸仛鍒颁互涓嬪嚑鐐广��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 绗竴锛屾暀甯堣鍔犲己鑷韩鐨勮瑷�淇吇锛屾彁楂樿瑷�琛ㄨ揪璐ㄩ噺銆傚湪涓庡辜鍎夸氦璋堜腑瑕佸仛鍒板彂闊虫纭紝鐢ㄨ瘝寰楀綋锛岃娉曡鑼冿紝璇彞琛ㄨ揪杩炶疮銆佹竻妤氥�佸畬鏁淬�佺敓鍔ㄥ舰璞★紝瀵屾湁鎰熸煋鍔涳紝璇卞彂骞煎効瀛︿範璇█鐨勪富鍔ㄦ�э紝娼滅Щ榛樺寲鍦板奖鍝嶅辜鍎跨殑璇█鍙戝睍銆傝繕鏈変氦璋堟椂瑕佹伆褰撳湴杩愮敤鐪肩銆佽〃鎯呫�佹墜鍔跨瓑鑲綋璇█锛屽仛鍒拌嚜鐒躲�佸ぇ鏂癸紝璁╁辜鍎夸綋楠岃偄浣撹瑷�涔熸槸鍙ｈ琛ㄨ揪鎶�宸х殑涓�閮ㄥ垎銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 绗簩锛屾暀甯堣缁撳悎骞煎効鍦ㄦ棩甯哥敓娲讳腑鎺ヨЕ鐨勭墿鍝佸拰浜嬬墿鏉ヨ繘琛屽彛璇氦璋堬紝閫氳繃浜よ皥锛屾暀甯堝彲浠ュ悜骞煎効浠嬬粛杩欎簺鐗╁搧鍜屼簨鐗╃殑鐗瑰緛涓庣敤閫旓紝涓板瘜骞煎効鐨勭浉鍏崇煡璇嗐�佽瘝姹囧拰鍙ュ紡銆�
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m1"></a><a href="chapter009.html#w1">[1]</a>
+ 琚佺埍鐜诧紝浣曠鑻�.骞煎効鍥暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵肩瓥鐣ワ蓟M锛�.鍖椾含锛氬寳浜笀鑼冨ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2007锛�22.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="225">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(225) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">218</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 绗笁锛屾暀甯堣繕瑕侀�氳繃甯堝辜涔嬮棿鐨勪氦璋堟潵璋冩暣骞煎効璇█琛ㄨ揪鏂瑰紡锛屽府鍔╁辜鍎跨Н绱〃杈剧粡楠岋紝鍩瑰吇鑹ソ鐨勫彛璇〃杈句範鎯��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 绗洓锛屾暀甯堣娉ㄦ剰鎶婃彙绀鸿寖鐨勬椂鏈哄拰鍔涘害锛屽浜庝竴浜涗笉鏄撹骞煎効鎺屾彙鐨勫唴瀹癸紝鏁欏笀瑕佽�愬績鍦伴�氳繃涓嶅悓鏂瑰紡鍙嶅绀鸿寖锛岃骞煎効澶氭ā浠匡紝鐢氳嚦鏈夋剰璇嗗湴妯′豢锛屼互杈惧埌鎺屾彙鐨勭洰鐨勩��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�3锛夌Н鏋佸�惧惉锛屽強鏃跺洖搴斻�傚湪鏁欏笀涓庡辜鍎夸氦璋堟椂锛屼竴鏂归潰锛屾暀甯堣浣滀负涓�涓�惧惉鑰咃紝鑰愬績鍜岀粏蹇冨湴鍊惧惉骞煎効璇磋瘽锛屽挨鍏舵槸骞煎効涓诲姩鍙戣捣鐨勪氦璋堬紝鏁欏笀鏇磋鐝嶆儨杩欐牱鐨勬満浼氾紝璁ょ湡鍊惧惉骞煎効鐨勮〃杩帮紝浠ヨ共涓嬭韩銆佸井绗戠瓑琛屽姩琛ㄦ槑鑷繁瀵瑰辜鍎跨殑琛ㄨ堪寰堟劅鍏磋叮锛岃骞煎効瀵硅嚜宸辩殑琛ㄨ揪鍏呮弧淇″績锛屾効鎰忔洿澶氬湴琛ㄨ揪鑷繁鐨勬兂娉曘�傚湪浜よ皥涓紝杩樿鍙婃椂鍥炲簲骞煎効骞剁粰浜堥�傚綋鐨勬寚瀵硷紝榧撳姳骞煎効褰㈡垚绉瀬鐨勬�佸害銆佹纭殑璇█琛屼负鍜屼範鎯紱鍙︿竴鏂归潰锛岄�氳繃鍙婃椂鍥炲簲鏉ュ阀濡欏湴寮曞骞煎効锛屽彂灞曞辜鍎跨殑鍙ｈ浜ら檯鑳藉姏锛屼娇骞煎効鐨勮〃杩版洿娓呮櫚锛屾洿杩炶疮銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�4锛夊叧娉ㄤ笌涓埆骞煎効鐨勪氦璋堛�傚辜鍎跨殑鍙戝睍瀛樺湪涓綋宸紓锛屾湁鐨勫辜鍎胯瑷�鍙戝睍姣旇緝椤哄埄锛岃�屾湁鐨勫辜鍎垮湪璇█鍙戝睍鏂归潰鍑虹幇婊炲悗鐨勬儏鍐点�傛暀甯堥櫎浜嗛渶瑕佽瀵熷拰鎻愰珮鍏ㄧ彮骞煎効鐨勮瑷�鑳藉姏澶栵紝杩橀渶瑕侀噸鐐瑰叧娉ㄩ偅浜涙�ф牸姣旇緝鍐呭悜銆佽儐灏忋�佷笉鍠勮〃杈剧殑骞煎効锛屽簲璇ョН鏋佸湴榧撳姳浠栦滑鍙備笌浜よ皥锛屾妸鎻″拰鍒涢�犳満浼氬拰浠栦滑杩涜涓�瀵逛竴鐨勪氦璋堛�傝繖绉嶄氦璋堝彲浠ラ殢鏈鸿繘琛岋紝涔熷彲浠ョ敱鏁欏笀鏈夋剰璇嗗湴鍙戣捣銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e153">2.鐢熺敓浜掑姩鎯呭鍒涜</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鐢熺敓浜掑姩鏄寚骞煎効涔嬮棿鍒╃敤璇█杩涜鐩镐簰浜ゆ祦鍜屾矡閫氥�傜敱浜庡辜鍎跨敓娲荤殑澶х幆澧冦�佸勾榫勩�佽鐭ョ瓑鏂归潰瀛樺湪鍏卞悓鐐癸紝鎵�浠ヤ粬浠殑鏃ュ父浜よ皥鏈夊緢澶氬叡鍚岃瘽棰樸�傚湪骞煎効鍥腑锛屾暀甯堣榧撳姳骞煎効杩涜鏃ュ父鐨勮瑷�浜ゆ祦鍜屾矡閫氾紝淇冭繘骞煎効涔嬮棿灞曞紑鏈夋晥鐨勮瑷�浜ゆ祦锛屼互鑾峰緱璇█鐨勫叡鍚屾彁楂樸�傛暀甯堝湪鏁欒偛瀹炶返涓紝瑕佸仛濂戒互涓嬪嚑鐐规潵涓哄辜鍎垮垱璁剧敓鐢熶簰鍔ㄧ殑鎯呭銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�1锛変笉瑕侀殢鎰忔墦鏂辜鍎夸箣闂寸殑璋堣瘽銆傚湪骞煎効鑹ソ鐨勮瑷�涔犳儻鍩瑰吇涓紝鍊惧惉涓庤〃杈惧浜庡悓绛夐噸瑕佺殑鍦颁綅銆傛暀甯堜綔涓哄辜鍎挎帴瑙︽渶澶氱殑鎴愪汉涔嬩竴锛屽緢瀹规槗鎴愪负骞煎効妯′豢鐨勫璞★紝鎵�浠ユ暀甯堜竴瀹氳鏈変竴涓壇濂界殑璇█涔犳儻锛屼笉闅忔剰鎵撴柇骞煎効鐨勮皥璇濓紝灏ゅ叾鏄湪涓埆骞煎効璇磋瘽涓嶆竻銆佹柇鏂画缁椂锛屾洿瑕佽�愬績鍊惧惉锛岄紦鍔卞辜鍎跨Н鏋佽〃杈俱�傛暀甯堣鐢ㄨ嚜宸辩殑琛屼负鏉ュ奖鍝嶅拰寮曞骞煎効鍏绘垚涓嶉殢鎰忔墦鏂埆浜鸿璇濈殑鑹ソ涔犳儻銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�2锛夋彁渚涘辜鍎跨敤璇█瑙ｅ喅鐭涚浘鐨勬満浼氥�傚辜鍎垮湪浜ゅ線涓細鍙戠敓浜夋墽鎴栦骇鐢熺煕鐩撅紝浣嗚В鍐崇煕鐩惧拰浜夋墽鍙互淇冭繘骞煎効鐨勭ぞ浼氬寲锛屽悓鏃朵篃涓哄辜鍎跨殑璇█鍙戝睍鎻愪緵浜嗗疄璺垫満浼氥�傚骞煎効鍦ㄨВ鍐抽棶棰樻垨鐭涚浘鏃讹紝瑕佷笉鏂皟鏁磋嚜宸辩殑璇█锛屽濞佽儊銆佽鍛娿�佸崗鍟嗐�佹彁鍑烘潯浠剁瓑銆傛暀甯堝湪闈㈠骞煎効鐨勪簤鎵ф椂锛岃閲囧彇鍐烽潤瑙傚療鐨勬�佸害锛岃骞煎効灏濊瘯鐢ㄨ瑷�鑷繁鏉ヨВ鍐崇煕鐩撅紝浠庤�屾彁楂樺辜鍎跨殑鍙ｈ琛ㄨ揪鑳藉姏鍜岃瑷�浜ゅ線鑳藉姏銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="226">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(226) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗節绔� 骞煎効鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓殑璇█鏁欒偛</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">219</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <div class="bk">
+ <div class="bk1">
+ <p><span class="bj2">骞煎効鍥暀甯堣祫鏍艰瘉鑰冭瘯路鐪熼鍐嶇幇</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-2">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="../../images/tb-1.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <b>2014骞翠笅鍗婂勾銆婁繚鏁欑煡璇嗕笌鑳藉姏銆嬫潗鏂欏垎鏋愰</b>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鍥彧鏈変竴鏋剁鍗冿紝骞煎効閮藉緢鍠滄锛屽ぇ浜岀彮鍦ㄦ埛澶栨椿鍔ㄦ椂锛岃儐灏忕殑璇鸿璧板埌姝ｅ湪鑽＄鍗冪殑灏忚帀璺熷墠锛岃灏忚帀鎶婄鍗冭缁欎粬鐜┿�傚皬鑾夋病鐞嗕粬锛岃璇哄氨璺戣繃鏉ュ悜鑰佸笀姹傚姪锛氣�滆�佸笀锛屽皬鑾変笉璁╂垜鐜╃鍗冣�︹�︹��
+ </p>
+ <p>瀵规锛屼笉鍚岀殑鏁欏笀鍙兘浼氶噰鍙栦笅闈笉鍚岀殑鍥炲簲鏂瑰紡銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀A锛氱壍鐫�璇鸿鐨勬墜璧板埌灏忚帀闈㈠墠锛岃锛氣�滀綘浠殑浜嬫儏鎴戠煡閬撲簡锛屾垜鐜板湪鎯崇湅灏忚帀鏄笉鏄噦浜嬬殑瀛╁瓙锛屽皬鑾夛紝浣犲凡缁忕帺浜嗕竴浼氬効浜嗭紝鐜板湪鑳戒笉鑳借璇鸿鐜╀竴浼氬効鍛紵鈥濆皬鑾夊惉浜嗗悗锛屾妸绉嬪崈璁╃粰浜嗚璇恒��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀B锛氣�滀綘瀵瑰皬鑾夋�庝箞璇寸殑鍛紵鈥濊璇猴細鈥滄垜璇粹�樻垜鎯崇帺涓�浼氬効鈥欍�傗�濇兂鍒拌璇哄钩鏃惰璇濇尯娌″簳姘旂殑锛屾暀甯堝氨璇达細鈥滄槸涓嶆槸浣犺璇濆０闊冲お灏忎簡锛屽ス娌℃湁鍚竻妤氬憿锛熶綘鐜板湪鍘昏瘯璇曞ぇ澹板湴瀵瑰ス璇粹�樻垜鎯宠崱绉嬪崈锛屾垜宸茬粡绛変簡寰堜箙浜嗭紒鈥欏鏋滆繖鏍疯杩樻病鐢紝浣犲氨鍥炴潵锛屾垜浠啀鎯冲埆鐨勬柟娉曗�︹�︹��
+ </p>
+ <p>闂锛�</p>
+ <p>
+ 璇峰垎鏋愪笂杩颁袱浣嶆暀甯堝洖搴旀柟寮忕殑鍒╁紛锛屽苟璇存槑鐞嗙敱銆�
+ <span class="btn-box" @click="showAnswer1 = !showAnswer1">
+ <svg
+ xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
+ width="20.501"
+ height="20.501"
+ viewBox="0 0 20.501 20.501"
+ >
+ <path
+ class="a"
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+ transform="translate(-3327.144 15329)"
+ />
+ </svg>
+ </span>
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p v-if="showAnswer1">
+ <b>绛旈鎬濊矾锛�</b
+ >锛�1锛夊辜鍎挎椂鏈熺殑浜洪檯浜ゅ線鐢变簬鍏惰韩蹇冪壒寰侊紙鐢熺悊鍥犵礌銆佹儏鎰熺瓑锛夊喅瀹氫簡浠栦滑浜ゅ線鐨勬柟寮忥紝鏁欏笀瑕侀拡瀵瑰辜鍎跨殑韬績鐗瑰緛閲囧彇鏈夐拡瀵规�х殑寮曞绛栫暐銆�
+ </p>
+ <p v-if="showAnswer1">
+ 锛�2锛夋暀甯堢殑鍥炲簲鍜屼粙鍏ュ簲绔欏湪灏婇噸骞煎効韬績鍙戝睍鐨勫熀纭�涓婏紝鍥犳鏁欏笀A鍜屾暀甯圔鐨勫仛娉曞悇鏈夊埄寮娿�傛暀甯圓鐨勫彲鍙栦箣澶勬槸鍙婃椂浠嬪叆锛屼互璁查亾鐞嗙殑鏂瑰紡瑙ｅ喅鐭涚浘锛涗笉鍙彇涔嬪鏄暀甯堜互涓诲鑰呯殑韬唤浠嬪叆锛屼互鑷繁鐨勬柟寮忚В鍐充簡鐭涚浘锛屽皬鑾夋槸琚姩鍦板仛鍑轰簡閫夋嫨锛岃�岃璇轰篃娌¤兘閿荤偧鑷繁鐨勪氦寰�鑳藉姏銆傛暀甯圔鐨勫彲鍙栦箣澶勬槸鎶撲綇濂戞満锛屽煿鍏诲辜鍎跨殑浜ゅ線鑳藉姏锛屽挨鍏舵槸鐢ㄨ瑷�瑙ｅ喅闂鐨勮兘鍔涳紱涓嶅彲鍙栦箣澶勬槸鍙暀鎺堜簡骞煎効鏂规硶锛屾病鏈夊叧娉ㄥ辜鍎垮疄闄呯殑瑙ｅ喅杩囩▼銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 锛�3锛変笉瑕佺敤绾緥绾︽潫骞煎効鐨勬棩甯镐氦璋堛�傚辜鍎跨殑鏃ュ父浜よ皥鍙戠敓鍦ㄤ竴鏃ョ敓娲讳腑鐨勫悇涓幆鑺傦紝鏈夌殑鏁欏笀涓轰簡寮鸿皟瀹夐潤鐨勭邯寰嬶紝閬垮厤骞煎効鍢堟潅鐨勫０闊宠�岀害鏉熷辜鍎夸箣闂寸殑浜よ皥锛岃繖鏍峰氨鍙兘绾︽潫浜嗗辜鍎胯瑷�鐗瑰埆鏄彛璇殑鍙戝睍銆傚鏃╂櫒鍏ュ洯鍚庯紝骞煎効鍒氬垰瑙侀潰锛屽父甯镐細浜掔浉鍙藉徑鍠冲柍鍦拌涓笉鍋滐紝鏈夌殑鍦ㄨ鏄ㄦ櫄鐪嬬殑鍔ㄧ敾鐗囷紝鏈夌殑鍦ㄨ瀹朵汉鐨勪竴浜涗簨鎯呯瓑銆傛湁鐨勫辜鍎跨敱浜庡垰鍜屾暀甯堣闈紝涔熸湁寰堝璇濊鍛婅瘔鏁欏笀銆傛鏃舵暀甯堝簲璇ラ紦鍔卞辜鍎跨Н鏋佽〃杈撅紝淇冭繘鍚屼即涔嬮棿銆佹暀甯堝拰骞煎効涔嬮棿鐨勭浉浜掍氦璋堬紝鑰屼笉鏄繃澶氬湴闄愬埗銆傚悓鏃惰繕瑕佸厖鍒嗗埄鐢ㄤ竴鏃ョ敓娲荤殑鍏朵粬杩囨浮鐜妭锛岃骞煎効鑷敱缁撲即锛岀Н鏋佷富鍔ㄥ湴杩涜浜掑姩浜ゆ祦銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e154">3.缇や綋浜掑姩鎯呭鍒涜</h5>
+ <p>
+ 缇や綋涔嬮棿鐨勪簰鍔ㄦ槸鎸囦袱涓垨澶氫釜骞煎効涔嬮棿鍒╃敤璇█绉瀬銆佷富鍔ㄥ湴浜ゆ祦涓庢矡閫氥�傝繖鏍风殑浜掑姩鏄竴绉嶉泦浣撲簰鍔紝鏄洿楂樺眰娆＄殑浜掑姩鏂瑰紡銆傜兢浣撲箣闂寸殑浜掑姩浜ゆ祦鍙互澧炲己骞煎効鐨勯泦浣撲富涔夎蹇点�佺珵浜夋剰璇嗗拰绀句細浜ゅ線鑳藉姏銆傚湪鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓紝鏁欏笀瑕佸垱閫犳満
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="227">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(227) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">220</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 浼氾紝鏍规嵁骞煎効鐨勫叴瓒ｅ拰缁忛獙锛屾彁鍑烘煇涓棶棰樻垨鑰呰缃煇绉嶆儏澧冿紝閲囩敤缇や綋涔嬮棿浜掑姩鐨勬柟寮忥紝缁勭粐骞煎効杩涜璁ㄨ銆傛瘮濡傦紝鏁欏笀鎻愬嚭鐨勬煇涓棶棰樺彲浠ユ槸鈥滈洦澶╁ソ杩樻槸鏅村ぉ濂解�濃�滄垜浠枩娆㈢殑鐜╁叿鈥濈瓑锛屽垱璁剧兢浣撻棿鐨勪簰鍔ㄦ儏澧冦��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d170">锛堜笁锛夋棩甯镐氦璋堣灏婇噸骞煎効骞撮緞鐗圭偣</h4>
+ <p>
+ 灏忕彮鐨勫辜鍎匡紝鍒濆叆鍥椂锛岃繘鍏ヤ竴涓柊鐜锛岄潰瀵归檶鐢熺殑鏁欏笀鍜屽辜鍎匡紝瀹规槗鎰熷埌涓嶅畨锛屽彲鑳藉彉寰椾笉鐖辫璇濄�傝繖鏃舵暀甯堝簲涓诲姩浜茶繎骞煎効锛岀埍鎶氫粬浠紝鎬佸害鍜岃敿锛屼翰鍒囧湴鍜屼粬浠璇濓紝浣垮辜鍎垮湪鎯呮劅涓婂緱鍒版姎鎱帮紝娑堥櫎闄岀敓鎰燂紝浠庤�岄�愭笎閫傚簲鏂扮幆澧冦�傞壌浜庢锛屽湪杩涜鏃ュ父浜よ皥鏃讹紝鏁欏笀鍙互鍒╃敤涓�浜涜兘寮曡捣骞煎効鍏磋叮鍜岃瘽璇弽搴旂殑鐗╁搧锛屽浼氬彂鍑哄０闊炽�佷細鍔ㄧ殑鐜╁叿锛岃壊褰╅矞鑹崇殑鍥剧墖绛夋潵寮曞叆璇濋銆傚彲浠ュ厛鐢辨暀甯堝拰骞煎効涔嬮棿鐨勪氦璋堝紑濮嬶紝鍐呭鍋忓悜骞煎効鐨勬棩甯哥敓娲伙紝濡傗�滀綘瀹堕噷鏈変粈涔堢帺鍏封�濃�滀綘鍠滄鐪嬩粈涔堝姩鐢荤墖鈥濈瓑锛屽緟骞煎効鐔熸倝鏂扮幆澧冨拰鏂伴泦浣撳悗锛屽啀璁╁嚑涓辜鍎夸竴璧疯皥锛岃皥璁虹殑璇濋涔熸湁鎵�鎵╁睍銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 瀵逛簬涓彮銆佸ぇ鐝殑骞煎効锛屼粬浠皥璇濈殑绉瀬鎬у凡缁忔槑鏄炬彁楂橈紝浠栦滑鑳藉涓诲姩鍦颁笌鏁欏笀鍜屽辜鍎胯繘琛屾棩甯镐氦璋堬紝璋堣瘽鐨勮寖鍥翠篃鍦ㄦ墿澶э紝鐢辫嚜宸辨劅鍏磋叮鐨勪簨鐗╂墿澶у埌鑷繁鎰熷叴瓒ｇ殑浜嬫儏锛岀敱浜ゆ祦涓�涓簨鎯呮墿澶у埌浜ゆ祦涓�绉嶄綋楠屻�備负浜嗘洿濂藉湴鍙戞尌鏃ュ父浜よ皥鍦ㄥ彂灞曞辜鍎胯瑷�鏂归潰鐨勪綔鐢紝鏁欏笀鍦ㄨ繖涓�鏃舵湡瑕佷负骞煎効澶氬垱閫犱竴浜涜嚜鐢辫皥璇濈殑鏈轰細鍜屾潯浠躲�傚湪涓�鏃ョ敓娲讳腑锛屼笉瑕佽繃澶氬湴闄愬埗骞煎効璁茶瘽锛屽湪涓嶅奖鍝嶆甯哥殑娲诲姩銆佹父鎴忓拰鐫＄湢鐨勬儏鍐典笅锛屽厑璁稿辜鍎挎湁鏇村鐨勮瑷�浜ゆ祦銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄤ腑鐝�佸ぇ鐝殑鏃ュ父浜よ皥涓紝鏁欏笀瑕侀�愭鎻愰珮璇█瑕佹眰锛岃繖涓嶄粎闇�瑕佸惎鍙戝辜鍎挎妸瀛︿範杩囩殑瀛楄瘝鐢ㄥ埌瀹為檯鐨勮瑷�浜ゅ線涓幓锛岃�屼笖杩樿娉ㄦ剰骞煎効鎵�浣跨敤鐨勫彞瀛愭槸鍚﹀悎涔庤娉曡鑼冿紝璇彞鏄惁瀹屾暣绛夛紝濡傚湪鐢ㄥ鍚堝彞琛ㄨ堪鏃讹紝鑳藉惁姝ｇ‘浣跨敤杩炴帴璇嶆垨鍏宠仈璇嶃�傝繕瑕佸紩瀵煎辜鍎垮湪鏃ュ父浜よ皥涓紝鍏绘垚鍊惧惉涓庤〃杈剧殑鑹ソ涔犳儻銆�
+ </p>
+ <h2 id="b023">绗笁鑺傘��娲诲姩鍖鸿涓殑璇█鏁欒偛</h2>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鍥椿鍔ㄥ尯瑙掔殑鍒涜鏄垜鍥藉辜鍎垮洯鏁欒偛鏀归潻鐨勪竴澶ц繘姝ワ紝娲诲姩鍖鸿鐨勫垱璁惧皧閲嶄簡骞煎効鑷富鎬у涔犵殑闇�瑕侊紝鎶婃潗鏂欑殑鎻愪緵鍜屽辜鍎胯嚜涓绘帰绌跺涔犵粨鍚堝湪涓�璧凤紝鏀瑰彉浜嗗辜鍎胯鍔ㄦ帴鍙楁暀鑲茬殑鐘跺喌锛屼负骞煎効鍒涢�犱竴涓嚜鐢便�佸鏉剧殑璇█浜ゅ線鐜锛屾敮鎸併�侀紦鍔便�佸惛寮曞辜鍎夸笌鏁欏笀銆佸悓浼存垨鍏朵粬浜轰氦璋堬紝浣撻獙璇█浜ゆ祦鐨勪箰瓒ｏ紝瀛︿範浣跨敤閫傚綋鐨勩�佺ぜ璨岀殑璇█浜ゅ線銆傚辜鍎垮洯璇█鏁欒偛鐨勬椿鍔ㄥ尯瑙掍富瑕佹湁鍥句功瑙掋�佽鍚銆佽〃婕旇銆佽鑹插尯绛夈��
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c064">涓�銆佸浘涔﹁涓殑璇█鏁欒偛</h3>
+ <p>
+ 鍥句功瑙掓槸浠ュ辜鍎块槄璇绘椿鍔ㄤ负涓績鑰屾瀯鎬濊璁＄殑娲诲姩鍖鸿锛岄槄璇诲浘涔﹀彲浠ュ煿鍏诲辜鍎跨殑瑙傚療鍔涖�佺悊瑙ｅ姏鍜屽瀛︿範鐨勫叴瓒ｃ�傝嫃鑱旇憲鍚嶇殑鏁欒偛瀹炶返瀹跺拰鐞嗚瀹惰嫃闇嶅鏋楁柉鍩鸿杩囷細瀛╁瓙鐨勯槄璇诲紑濮嬭秺鏃╋紝闃呰鏃舵�濈淮杩囩▼瓒婂鏉傦紝闃呰鏃跺鏅哄姏鍙戝睍灏辫秺鏈�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="228">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(228) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗節绔� 骞煎効鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓殑璇█鏁欒偛</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">221</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鐩娿��7宀佸墠瀛︿細闃呰锛屽氨浼氱粌灏卞緢閲嶈鐨勪竴绉嶆妧鑳斤紝杈硅杈规�濊�冭竟棰嗕細銆傚彲瑙佹棭鏈熼槄璇诲骞煎効涓�鐢熸湁鐫�閲嶈鐨勫奖鍝嶃��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d171">锛堜竴锛夊浘涔﹁鐨勫垱璁�</h4>
+ <p>鍦ㄥ浘涔﹁鐨勫垱璁句腑搴旀敞鎰忎互涓嬪嚑鐐广��</p>
+ <h5 id="e155">1.鍥句功瑙掔殑瑙勬ā</h5>
+ <p class="center openImgBox">
+ <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../../images/0241-1.jpg" />
+ </p>
+ <p class="img">鍥�9-1 鏌愬辜鍎垮洯鍥句功瑙�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鍥句功瑙掑簲璇ユ牴鎹辜鍎垮洯鐨勫叿浣撴儏鍐靛拰鐝骇鐗圭偣鏉ヨ缃紝澶у皬銆侀鏍笺�佽妯″彲浠ュ鏍峰寲銆傚彲浠ヨ缃洯绾х殑澶у瀷鍥句功棣嗭紝鍚哥撼涓嶅悓骞撮緞娈电殑骞煎効鍦ㄤ竴璧烽槄璇伙紝浠ユ湁鍔╀簬涓嶅悓骞撮緞娈电殑骞煎効浜掔浉瀛︿範鍜屼氦娴佺粡楠岋紱涔熷彲浠ヨ缃彮绾х殑灏忓浘涔﹀锛屾湁閽堝鎬у湴婊¤冻鏈彮骞煎効鐨勯槄璇婚渶姹傦紱涔熷彲浠ュ垱璁惧瀹跺眳涓�鏍风殑娓╅Θ灏忎功鍚э紝鍑犱釜鍑冲瓙銆佸嚑鏈功灏辩粰涓埆骞煎効鎻愪緵浜嗕竴涓槄璇诲皬澶╁湴锛堣鍥�9-1锛夈��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e156">2.鍥句功瑙掔殑鐜</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鍥句功瑙掑簲璇ヨ缃湪鍏夌嚎鍏呰冻銆佺┖姘旀竻鏂般�佺幆澧冨畨闈欑殑鍦版柟锛涘闈㈡秱浠ユ贰钃濄�佹贰缁挎垨绮夌孩鐨勯鑹诧紝寮犺创涓�浜涘垱閫犳俯棣ㄨ涔︽皼鍥寸殑鍥剧墖锛屾垨鐢辨暀甯堝拰骞煎効鍏卞悓鍒跺畾鐨勯槄璇昏鍒欑瓑锛涘湴涓婂彲浠ラ摵璁惧湴姣紝鏀剧疆涓�浜涘皬鍨瓙銆佽蒋绉湪銆佸皬鍑冲瓙銆佸皬妗屽瓙绛夈��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e157">3.鍥句功瑙掓姇鏀剧殑鏉愭枡搴斿鍏冨寲</h5>
+ <p>
+ 闃呰鏉愭枡闄や簡澶氱澶氭牱鐨勫浘涔﹁祫鏂欏锛岃繕鍙互鎻愪緵鍚勭鍖呰鐩掋�佺浉鍐屻�佸浼犲崟绛夛紝寮曞彂骞煎効浠ヨ瑙変负涓荤殑澶氱淮鎰熺煡銆佽叮鍛抽槄璇汇�傚彟澶栵紝杩樺彲浠ユ姇鏀句笌涓婚鏁欏鐩稿叧鐨勯槄璇绘潗鏂欙紝浠ヤ綔涓洪泦涓暀瀛︾殑琛ュ厖鍜屾嫇灞曘�傞槄璇绘潗鏂欑殑鏉ユ簮鏃㈠彲浠ユ槸骞煎効鍥喘涔版垨璁捐鐨勶紝杩樺彲浠ユ槸骞煎効瀹堕暱鎻愪緵鐨勩�傛姇鏀剧殑鍥句功涔熷簲褰㈠紡澶氭牱锛屽绔嬩綋鍥句功銆佸闈功銆佸湴闈功銆佸紓褰功鎴栬嚜鍒跺浘涔︾瓑銆傞槄璇诲尯杩樺彲浠ユ姇鏀惧埗浣滃浘涔﹀拰淇ˉ鍥句功鐨勬潗鏂欙紝浠ュ舰鎴愬辜鍎挎枃鏄庨槄璇汇�佷繚鎶ゅ浘涔︾殑鎰忚瘑鍜岃壇濂界殑琛屼负涔犳儻銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e158">4.鍥句功鎶曟斁搴斾綋鐜板辜鍎垮勾榫勭壒鐐�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鍥骇澶у瀷鍥句功棣嗙殑鍥句功鎶曟斁搴旇鍏奸【灏忕彮銆佷腑鐝�佸ぇ鐝墍鏈夊辜鍎跨殑闃呰姘村钩鍜岀壒鐐癸紝鍦ㄥ浘涔︾殑鎽嗘斁浣嶇疆涓婏紝瑕佷互骞煎効鐨勪笉鍚屽勾榫勮韩楂樹负渚濇嵁锛岄�傚悎灏忕彮骞煎効闃呰鐨勫浘涔﹀簲璇ユ憜鏀惧湪涔︽灦鏈�浣庣殑浣嶇疆锛屼腑鐝�佸ぇ鐝浘涔︿綅缃緷娆″崌楂橈紝渚夸簬骞煎効鍦ㄨ嚜宸辫垝閫傜殑瑙嗚鑼冨洿鍐呮煡鎵惧拰鍙栨斁鍥句功銆傚湪鐝骇鐨勫皬鍥句功瀹や腑锛屾暀甯堝簲娉ㄩ噸閫夋嫨閫傚悎鏈彮骞煎効鏅哄姏鍜岃瑷�鍙戝睍姘村钩鐨勯槄璇绘潗鏂欍�傚灏忕彮骞煎効搴斾互鑹插僵椴滆壋銆佺敾闈㈢敓鍔ㄣ�佽瑷�绠�鍗曘�佸唴瀹圭煭灏忋�佹湁瓒ｃ�佷笉鏄撴挄鐮寸殑鍥句功涓轰富锛屽苟涓斿悓涓�鍐呭鐨勪功瑕佸鍑嗗鍑犳湰锛屼互绗﹀悎浠栦滑鍠滄浜掔浉妯′豢鐨勭壒鐐癸紱涓彮銆佸ぇ鐝殑鍥句功鐩稿鏉ヨ姣旇緝澶嶆潅锛屾瘮濡傦紝涔︾殑绉嶇被澧炲锛屼功涓殑浜虹墿澧炲锛屾儏鑺傜浉瀵瑰鏉傦紝鍥炬枃骞惰寕绛夈��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d172">锛堜簩锛夋寚瀵艰鐐�</h4>
+ <h5 id="e159">1.鍒跺畾闃呰瑙勫垯</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鍥句功瑙掑彲浠ュ煿鍏诲辜鍎挎棭鏈熼槄璇荤殑鑹ソ涔犳儻锛岃繖鏈夎禆浜庡浘涔﹁鐨勮壇濂界殑闃呰瑙勫垯銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="229">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(229) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">222</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>鍥句功瑙掔殑闃呰瑙勫垯鍙互鍙傝�冧互涓嬪嚑鐐广��</p>
+ <p class="center openImgBox">
+ <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../../images/0242-1.jpg" />
+ </p>
+ <p class="img">鍥�9-2 鏌愬辜鍎垮洯闃呰鍖鸿鍒�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鍥句功瑙掑彲浠ュ煿鍏诲辜鍎挎棭鏈熼槄璇荤殑鑹ソ涔犳儻锛岃繖鏈夎禆浜庡浘涔﹁鐨勮壇濂界殑闃呰瑙勫垯銆傚浘涔﹁鐨勯槄璇昏鍒欏彲浠ュ弬鑰冧互涓嬪嚑鐐广��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�1锛夋牴鎹浘涔﹁鑼冨洿鐨勫ぇ灏忚皟鎺т汉鏁般�傚埗浣滀竴瀹氭暟閲忕殑鈥滈槄璇诲崱鈥濇潵璋冩帶浜烘暟锛屽湪鍙戠幇鈥滈槄璇诲崱鈥濆凡缁忓叏閮ㄨ浣跨敤鍚庯紝杩欒〃鏄庡浘涔﹁浜烘暟宸叉弧锛屽辜鍎胯嚜鍔ㄥ湴杞叆鍒殑鍖鸿娲诲姩銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�2锛夊浘涔﹁瑕佷繚鎸佸畨闈欍�傝蛋璺�佽璇濊杞伙紝鍥句功瑕佽交鎷胯交鏀撅紝骞煎効鍏卞悓鍔姏鍒涘缓瀹夐潤鐨勯槄璇荤幆澧冦��
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�3锛夌埍鎶ゅ浘涔︼紝涓嶈兘姣佸潖鍥句功銆�</p>
+ <p>锛�4锛夊浘涔﹂槄璇诲悗搴旀斁鍥炲師澶勩��</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�5锛変袱浜烘垨澶氫汉閫夋嫨鍚屼竴鏈功鏃讹紝鐢卞辜鍎垮晢閲忚В鍐筹紝鏂瑰紡鍖呮嫭杞崲闃呰鎴栬�呭垎浜槄璇荤瓑銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�6锛夊厑璁稿辜鍎夸娇鐢ㄢ�滃�熶功鍗♀�濆悜鍥句功瑙掑�兼棩鐢熷�熶功锛屽厑璁稿辜鍎垮湪瑙勫畾鐨勬椂闄愬唴鎶婁功甯﹀洖瀹堕槄璇汇��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍥句功瑙掔殑瑙勫垯锛屼竴瀹氳鍚堢悊瀹炵敤銆傚彲浠ユ槸鏁欏笀鍒跺畾鎴栬�呮暀甯堝拰骞煎効鍗忓晢鍒跺畾锛屽埗瀹氱殑鍥句功瑙掕鍒欏彲浠ラ噰鐢ㄥ浘鏂囧苟鑼傜殑褰㈠紡锛岃鍒欒寮犺创鍦ㄥ浘涔﹁銆傛暀甯堣缁欏辜鍎胯繘琛岃瑙ｅ拰绀鸿寖锛屽紩瀵煎辜鍎跨悊瑙ｅ拰閬靛畧瑙勫垯锛堣鍥�9-2锛夈��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e160">2.鍙婃椂鏇存崲鍜屼粙缁嶆柊鍥句功</h5>
+ <p>
+ 锛�1锛夋暀甯堣瀵嗗垏鍏虫敞鍜屽垎鏋愭湰鐝辜鍎跨殑闃呰鎯呭喌锛屽紩瀵煎辜鍎垮彂鐜板浘涔︾殑瓒ｅ懗锛屽強鏃舵洿鎹㈠辜鍎垮凡缁忕啛鎮夊苟涓嶅啀鍏虫敞鐨勯儴鍒嗗浘涔︼紝琛ュ厖鏂扮殑鍥句功锛屼繚鎸佸拰鎻愰珮鍥句功瑙掑骞煎効鐨勫惛寮曞姏銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�2锛夋洿鎹㈢殑鍥句功鍙互鏄辜鍎垮洯璐拱鐨勶紝涔熷彲浠ユ槸涓庡叾浠栫彮绾ц繘琛屼氦鎹㈢殑锛岃繕鍙互鏄辜鍎夸粠瀹堕噷甯︽潵鐨勶紝鐢氳嚦鏄辜鍎裤�佸闀裤�佹暀甯堢殑鑷埗鍥句功绛夈��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�3锛夋柊娣荤疆鐨勫浘涔﹁浠嬬粛缁欏辜鍎匡紝浠ュ紩璧峰辜鍎跨殑闃呰鍏磋叮锛涘鏋滄柊娣荤疆鐨勫浘涔︽瘮杈冨锛屼笉鑳戒竴涓�浠嬬粛锛屽氨鎶婁功鎽嗘斁鍦ㄤ功鏋朵笂閱掔洰鐨勪綅缃紝榧撳姳骞煎効绉瀬涓诲姩鍦伴槄璇伙紱杩樺彲浠ュ埄鐢ㄥ浘涔﹁鐨勪富棰樺闈紝灏嗘柊娣荤疆鍥句功鐨勫唴瀹广�佺壒鐐圭瓑灞曠ず鍑烘潵锛屽紩璧峰辜鍎�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="230">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(230) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗節绔� 骞煎効鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓殑璇█鏁欒偛</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">223</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>鐨勫叧娉ㄣ��</p>
+ <h5 id="e161">3.寮曞骞煎効鍏绘垚鑹ソ鐨勯槄璇讳範鎯�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鎴戝浗钁楀悕鐨勫辜鍎挎暀鑲插闄堥工鐞村厛鐢熻锛氬瀛愪滑鏉ュ埌浜轰笘鍚庯紝搴斿敖鏃╀负浠栦滑鍒涢�犱紭鑹殑闃呰鐜锛岄鐫�浠栦滑韪忎笂绗竴姝ュ彴闃讹紝浣夸粬浠璇嗕功绫嶃�佺埍涓婁功绫嶏紝浠庢姝ュ叆涔︾睄鐨勬捣娲嬩腑锛屽苟涓旀瘯鐢熻鍏朵负鐢熷懡鐨勪即渚ｅ拰瀵煎笀銆傝壇濂介槄璇讳範鎯殑鍩瑰吇灏嗕娇涓�涓汉缁堣韩鍙楃泭銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�1锛夐槄璇昏鎸佷箣浠ユ亽銆傞槄璇讳範鎯殑鍩瑰吇闇�瑕佹暀甯堝拰骞煎効鍏卞悓鍧氭寔锛屾暀甯堝簲鍒╃敤鍥句功瑙掗�愭寮曞骞煎効鍏绘垚瀹氭椂闃呰鐨勪範鎯紝鏁欏笀瑕佸悎鐞嗗畨鎺掑辜鍎跨殑涓�鏃ョ敓娲伙紝姣忓ぉ鎻愪緵缁欏辜鍎垮浐瀹氱殑闃呰鏃堕棿锛屾寔涔嬩互鎭掋��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�2锛夊紩瀵煎辜鍎挎帉鎻￠槄璇诲浘涔︾殑鍩烘湰鎶�鑳藉拰鏂规硶銆傜涓�锛屾缃浘涔︼紝鎸夐〉鐮佺炕鐪嬪浘涔︼紝閬垮厤鏃犲簭缈荤湅銆傜浜岋紝闃呰鍥句功涓殑涓�椤垫椂锛岄伒寰粠宸﹀埌鍙炽�佽嚜涓婅�屼笅鐨勯『搴忋�傜涓夛紝缈婚〉鏃剁敤涓ゆ寚鎹荤炕涔﹂〉锛岄伩鍏嶄簲鎸囬綈鎶撲功椤点�傜鍥涳紝鎻愰珮骞煎効鐨勭悊瑙ｈ兘鍔涖�傛寚瀵煎辜鍎胯瀵熷浘涔︾敾闈腑鐨勪汉鐗┿�佸姩鐗┿�佺幆澧冪瓑锛岀悊瑙ｅ墠鍚庣敾闈㈢殑鑱旂郴銆傜浜旓紝甯姪骞煎効鎶婄浉鍏崇殑鐭ヨ瘑缁忛獙鍜屽綋鍓嶇殑鏁呬簨闃呰鑱旂郴璧锋潵銆傚辜鍎垮湪闃呰浠诲姟涓墍鐢ㄥ埌鐨勫厛鍓嶇粡楠岋紝涓嶄粎浠呮槸鎸囦笌鏁呬簨涓婚鏈夊叧鐨勬眽瀛椼�佹蹇点�佺煡璇嗙瓑锛岃繕鍖呮嫭骞煎効宸叉湁鐨勭敓娲荤粡楠屻�侀槄璇荤粡楠岀瓑銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�3锛夌埍鎶ゅ浘涔︼紝杞绘嬁杞绘斁锛岄槄璇诲悗鏀惧洖鍘熷銆傚彟澶栵紝杩樿淇濇寔瀹夐潤鐨勯槄璇荤幆澧冦��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e162">4.榧撳姳骞煎効浠ュ绉嶆柟寮忚〃杈惧浘涔︿腑鐨勪俊鎭�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 锛�1锛夐�氳繃澶氱鏂瑰紡寮曞骞煎効琛ㄨ揪鍥句功淇℃伅銆傚璁╁辜鍎垮杩版晠浜嬶紱閫氳繃鎻愰棶鐞嗚В鍥句功鍐呭锛涢�氳繃璁ㄨ浣撻獙浜虹墿鎯呮劅锛岀悊瑙ｄ汉鐗╁叧绯荤瓑銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�2锛夋彁渚涘辜鍎胯〃杈惧浘涔︿俊鎭殑鏉愭枡銆傚鎻愪緵澶撮グ銆侀潰鍏枫�佹湇瑁呯瓑閬撳叿锛屽辜鍎垮彲浠ヨ〃婕斿浘涔︿腑鐨勬儏鑺傦紱鎻愪緵绾稿紶銆佸僵绗旂瓑缁樼敾鏉愭枡锛屽辜鍎垮彲浠ョ敤鍥剧敾琛ㄨ揪瀵瑰浘涔︿俊鎭殑鐞嗚В锛涜繕鍙互鎻愪緵骞煎効鍒朵綔鏈嶈銆侀亾鍏枫�佸浘涔︾瓑鐨勬潗鏂欙紝骞煎効鍙備笌鍒朵綔琛ㄦ紨閬撳叿鎴栬�呰嚜鍒跺浘涔︾瓑銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e163">5.寮�灞曠敓鍔ㄦ湁瓒ｇ殑鍥句功瑙掓椿鍔�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鏈夎叮鐨勫浘涔﹁娲诲姩鏄缓绔嬪湪鏁欏笀寮曞骞煎効浠ュ绉嶆柟寮忚〃杈惧浘涔︿俊鎭殑鍩虹涓婄殑锛屾暀甯堣鍥寸粫鍥句功瑙掕璁℃柊棰栨湁瓒ｇ殑娲诲姩锛岃骞煎効閫氳繃涓嶅悓鏂瑰紡鏉ユ劅鐭ャ�佺悊瑙ｅ浘涔︺��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�1锛夐泦浣撻槄璇汇�傚辜鍎夸箣闂淬�佸辜鍎垮拰鏁欏笀涔嬮棿閮藉彲浠ュ紑灞曞叡鍚屽垎浜槄璇伙紝鍏卞悓鎰熷彈鍚屼竴鏈浘涔︼紝浠ヤ笉鍚岀殑鏂瑰紡闃呰鍥句功锛岃璁轰功涓殑浜虹墿銆佹儏鑺傘�佹劅鎯呯瓑銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�2锛夎杩版晠浜嬨�傛暀甯堝彲浠ュ畾鏈熷紑灞曟晠浜嬩細鍜岃鏁呬簨姣旇禌绛夋椿鍔紝璁╁辜鍎胯杩板浘涔︿腑鐨勬晠浜嬶紝浠ヤ績杩涘辜鍎跨Н鏋佷富鍔ㄥ湴闃呰銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�3锛夊埗浣滃浘涔︺�傚埗浣滃浘涔﹀彲浠ョ敱骞煎効鑷鍒朵綔锛屾垨鐢辨暀甯堝拰骞煎効涓�璧峰埗浣滐紝鎴栨暀甯堣嚜宸卞埗浣滅瓑銆傚骞煎効鍙互鍦ㄦ暀甯堢殑寮曞涓嬭嚜宸辩敾鍥句功锛屾垨鑰呮暀甯堣璁竴涓┖鐧界殑鍐屽瓙锛屾彁渚涚敾鎶ャ�佺敞绯娿�佸壀鍒�绛夛紝璁╁辜鍎挎妸浠庣敾鎶ャ�佹棫涔︽姤涓壀涓嬬殑浜虹墿銆佸姩鐗┿�佽儗鏅瓑锛岃创鍦ㄧ┖鐧藉唽瀛愪笂锛屾瀯鎴愬畬鏁寸殑鍥剧敾锛屾渶鍚庢瀯鎴愬浘涔︺�傛暀甯堝埗浣滅殑鍥句功锛岃浠庡辜鍎跨殑瀹為檯鐢熸椿缁忛獙鍑哄彂锛岃创杩戝辜鍎跨殑鐢熸椿銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�4锛夊欢浼稿埌鍏朵粬鍖鸿娲诲姩涓�傚浘涔︿腑鐨勫唴瀹归潪甯稿箍娉涳紝鏈夊够鎯崇殑濂囬亣涓栫晫锛屼篃鏈�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="231">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(231) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">224</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鎺ヨ繎骞煎効鐢熸椿鐨勭敓娲荤粡楠屾晠浜嬬瓑锛屾牴鎹浘涔︿腑鐨勫唴瀹癸紝鍙互鎶婂浘涔﹁鐨勯槄璇绘椿鍔ㄦ墿灞曞埌缇庡伐娲诲姩銆佽鑹叉父鎴忓拰琛ㄦ紨瑙掔瓑銆傛瘮濡傦紝涓浗鍘熷垱缁樻湰銆婂洟鍦嗐�嬭杩扮殑鏄繃骞寸殑鏁呬簨锛岃繃骞存槸涓洟鍦嗙殑鏃ュ瓙锛屽瀛愭劅鍙楀埌鐖舵瘝瀵逛粬鐨勭埍銆傝繖涓粯鏈殑鍐呭鍙互璁╁辜鍎挎惉杩涒�滃▋濞冨鈥濓紝鍏呭疄瑙掕壊娓告垙鐨勫唴瀹广��
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c065">浜屻�佽鍚涓殑璇█鏁欒偛</h3>
+ <p>
+ 闅忕潃缁忔祹銆佷俊鎭妧鏈殑鍙戝睍锛岀數瑙嗐�佺數鑴戙�佹敹褰曟満绛夊ぇ浼椾紶濯掔殑鏅強锛屼负骞煎効甯︽潵浜嗗唴瀹逛赴瀵屻�佸舰寮忕敓鍔ㄦ椿娉肩殑瑙嗗惉鏂囧寲锛屾瀬澶у湴褰卞搷浜嗗辜鍎跨殑璇█鍙戝睍銆傝鍚鏄埄鐢ㄥ悇绉嶇幇浠ｇ瀛︽妧鏈负骞煎効鍒涢�犺鍚粨鍚堛�佷互鍙戝睍骞煎効璇█涓虹洰鐨勭殑娲诲姩鍖鸿銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d173">锛堜竴锛夎鍚鐨勫垱璁�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 瑙嗗惉瑙掓椿鍔ㄧ殑瀹夋帓锛屽彲浠ュ惛寮曞辜鍎跨Н鏋佸弬鍔犻�傚悎骞煎効鐨勫ぇ浼椾紶濯掕鍚枃鍖栨椿鍔紝鎵╁骞煎効瑙嗛噹锛屽彂灞曞辜鍎跨殑鎯宠薄鍔涘拰鎬濈淮鍔涳紝浠庤�屼績杩涘辜鍎胯瑷�鐨勫彂灞曘�傚叿浣撶殑瑙嗗惉瑙掑垱璁鹃渶瑕佹敞鎰忎互涓嬪嚑鐐广��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e164">1.瑙嗗惉瑙掔殑鐜鍒涜</h5>
+ <p>
+ 瑙嗗惉瑙掗渶瑕佽缃湪杩滅瀹夐潤娲诲姩鍖鸿鐨勫湴鏂癸紝浠ラ伩鍏嶅奖鍝嶅叾浠栧尯瑙掓椿鍔紝澧欓潰璁捐涓鸿鍚殑涓婚澧欓潰锛屽彲浠ュ寘鎷辜鍎垮枩娆㈣鍚殑闊抽銆佽棰戠殑绠�浠嬶紝涔熷彲浠ュ寘鎷暀甯堟帹鑽愮粰骞煎効娆ｈ祻鐨勬潗鏂欑畝浠嬨�傚湴涓婂彲浠ラ摵璁惧湴姣紝鏀剧疆涓�浜涘皬鍨瓙銆佽蒋绉湪銆佸皬鍑冲瓙绛夛紝鏂逛究骞煎効鑷敱瀹夋帓娲诲姩銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e165">2.瑙嗗惉璁惧鐨勫畨缃�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 瑙嗗惉璁惧鐨勫畨缃彇鍐充簬骞煎効鍥殑鐜版湁缁忔祹鏉′欢鍜屾椿鍔ㄧ┖闂寸殑澶у皬銆傜粡娴庢潯浠跺ソ鐨勫辜鍎垮洯鍙互鍦ㄨ鍚瀹夌疆鐢佃銆佽绠楁満銆乂CD銆佹姇褰变华绛夌幇浠ｈ鍚澶囥��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e166">3.瑙嗗惉鏉愭枡鐨勬姇鏀�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 瑙嗗惉鏉愭枡鐨勬姇鏀鹃渶瑕佹牴鎹辜鍎跨殑鍙戝睍鎻愪緵澶氱瑙嗗惉鏉愭枡锛屾瘮濡傦紝閫傚悎骞煎効娆ｈ祻鐨勫綍鍍忓甫銆佸厜鐩樸�乂CD纰熺墖銆佸够鐏墖绛夛紱鍙互閫夌敤骞煎効鐙嚜鎴栦笌鏁欏笀涓�璧峰埗浣滅殑鍏夌洏鍜岀甯︼紱杩樺彲浠ユ姇鏀句竴浜涚┖鐧界殑纾佸甫锛屼互渚垮辜鍎胯繘琛屽綍闊崇瓑銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d174">锛堜簩锛夋寚瀵艰鐐�</h4>
+ <h5 id="e167">1.鎸戦�夐�傚悎骞煎効鐨勮鍚潗鏂�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀瑕佷粠澶ч噺鐨勮鍚潗鏂欎腑閫夋嫨閫傚悎骞煎効韬績鍜岃瑷�鍙戝睍鐨勮鍚潗鏂欙紝鏄惧緱灏や负閲嶈銆傛暀甯堥�夋嫨鐨勮鍚潗鏂欏簲璇ュ�惧悜浜庝互涓嬪嚑涓柟闈€��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�1锛夌敾闈㈡竻鏅颁紭缇庛�佹儏鑺傝交鏉炬湁瓒ｃ�佸唴瀹规椿娉煎仴搴风殑骞煎効缇庢湳鐗囥�佸姩鐢荤墖绛夎棰戞潗鏂欍��
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�2锛変富棰橀矞鏄庛�佺煭灏忕簿鎮嶇殑閫傚悎骞煎効鐨勬晠浜嬨�佽瘲姝屻�佹暎鏂囩瓑闊抽鏉愭枡銆�</p>
+ <p>锛�3锛夋蹇椿娉笺�佷紭缇庡姩鍚殑闊充箰鏉愭枡銆�</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�4锛夌敓鍔ㄦ湁瓒ｃ�佸濡欏姩鍚殑澶ц嚜鐒跺０鍝嶏紝濡傞澹般�侀洦澹般�侀笩楦ｅ０銆佹祦姘村０銆佸姩鐗╃殑鍙０绛夛紱杩樺彲浠ユ槸鏉ヨ嚜鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓殑澹板搷锛屽鍘ㄦ埧閲岄攨纰楃摙鐩嗗彂鍑虹殑澹伴煶銆佸叕璺笂浜ら�氬伐鍏峰彂鍑虹殑澹伴煶銆佹椿鍔ㄦ椂骞煎効鍙戝嚭鐨勫０闊崇瓑锛涜繕鏈夋潵鑷父瑙佷箰鍣ㄥ彂鍑虹殑澹伴煶锛屽鐢ㄩ挗鐞淬�佺惖鐞躲�佸彜绛濄�佷簩鑳＄瓑涔愬櫒婕斿鍑烘潵鐨勯�傚悎骞煎効鐨勯煶涔愩��
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="232">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(232) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗節绔� 骞煎効鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓殑璇█鏁欒偛</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">225</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>锛�5锛夋暀甯堛�佸辜鍎挎垨瀹堕暱鑷埗鐨勮鍚潗鏂欍��</p>
+ <h5 id="e168">2.鏁欎細骞煎効鎿嶄綔瑙嗗惉璁惧</h5>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鍦ㄨ鍚瑕佸浼氳嚜宸辨搷浣滆鍚澶囷紝鏁欏笀鍙互閲囧彇杈硅杩拌竟绀鸿寖鐨勬柟寮忥紝鏁欏笀绀鸿寖鍚庯紝瑙傚療鎸囧骞煎効鎺屾彙鎿嶄綔鏂规硶锛涙暀甯堣繕鍙互鍒╃敤鍥剧ず鐨勬柟寮忥紝鎶婃搷浣滆澶囩殑娴佺▼鍥句互骞煎効鑳藉鎺ュ彈鐨勬柟寮忕敾鍑烘潵锛屽紶璐村湪瑙嗗惉瑙掔殑澧欓潰涓婏紝鏂逛究骞煎効鐔熺粌鎿嶄綔璁惧銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e169">3.鎸囧骞煎効瑙嗗惉</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄨ鍚潗鏂欐挱鏀炬椂锛岀敾闈㈠拰澹伴煶鏄殢鐫�鏃堕棿閫愭笎娑堝け鐨勶紝骞煎効瀹规槗蹇借鐢婚潰鍜屽０闊充俊鎭紝褰卞搷骞煎効瀵硅鍚潗鏂欑殑鎰熺煡鍜岀悊瑙ｃ�傛墍浠ワ紝鏁欏笀鍙互杩愮敤浠ヤ笅鏂瑰紡鏉ユ寚瀵煎辜鍎跨殑瑙嗗惉娲诲姩銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�1锛夎繛璐鍚�傝繛璐鍚槸鎸囨暀甯堟寚瀵煎辜鍎胯繛璐鐪嬪拰鍊惧惉鏁存鎴栨暣閮ㄧ編鏈墖銆佹晠浜嬨�佽瘲姝屻�佹暎鏂囩瓑锛屼粠鑰岃幏寰楄鍚潗鏂欑殑瀹屾暣鍗拌薄銆傝繖绉嶆柟寮忛�傚悎绡囧箙涓嶉暱鐨勪綔鍝侊紝浠ュ厤骞煎効浜х敓鐤插姵鎰熴�傝鐪嬪墠鍙互鎻愬嚭瑕佹眰鍜岄棶棰橈紝瑙傜湅杩囩▼涓彲浠ユ彁绀洪噸鐐癸紝瑙傜湅鍚庡彲浠ュ拰骞煎効涓�璧疯璁哄拰鐞嗚В浣滃搧銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�2锛夐噸澶嶈鍚�傞噸澶嶈鍚槸鎸囨暀甯堜负浜嗚骞煎効鏇村ソ鍦拌瀵熴�佹璧忋�佺悊瑙ｈ鍚潗鏂欙紝鍔犳繁骞煎効瀵逛綔鍝侀噸闅剧偣鍐呭鐨勭悊瑙ｅ拰鎺屾彙锛岃�岃浣滃搧瀹屾暣鎴栭儴鍒嗛噸鐜扮殑瑙嗗惉鏂规硶銆傚湪鍏蜂綋鐨勫疄璺典腑锛屾暀甯堣鎻愬嚭瑙嗗惉瑕佹眰锛岃骞煎効鏈夌洰鐨勫湴鍘绘璧忎綔鍝佷腑鐨勫姩浣溿�佽瑷�銆佽〃鎯呯瓑锛屾劅鐭ョ洰鏍囷紝鍔犳繁瀵规潗鏂欑殑鍗拌薄銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�3锛夊畾鏍艰鐪嬨�傚畾鏍艰鐪嬫槸鎸囨暀甯堣瑙嗛灞忓箷涓婄殑鏌愪釜鐢婚潰鏆傛椂鍥哄畾涓嶅姩锛屾寚瀵煎辜鍎垮仛鐩稿闈欐鐨勮瀵熴�佸垎鏋愶紝浠ヨ揪鍒板厖鍒嗕簡瑙ｅ拰鐞嗚В鐢婚潰鍐呭鐨勬柟娉曘�傚湪瀹炶返涓簲鐢ㄨ繖绉嶆柟寮忔椂锛屾暀甯堣娉ㄦ剰鎶婃彙鏃舵満锛屾寚瀵煎辜鍎垮闈欐鐨勭敾闈㈣繘琛屾湁鐩殑鐨勮瀵熴�佸垎鏋愮瓑銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e170">4.寮�灞曠敓鍔ㄦ湁瓒ｇ殑瑙嗗惉瑙掓椿鍔�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 锛�1锛夊杩板拰鏈楄鏂囧浣滃搧銆傚湪瑙嗗惉瑙掞紝骞煎効鍙互鍙嶅鍊惧惉鏁呬簨銆佽瘲姝屻�佹暎鏂囩瓑鏂囧浣滃搧锛屽熀浜庢锛屾暀甯堣骞煎効灏濊瘯澶嶈堪浣滃搧涓紭缇庣殑鍙ュ瓙銆佺簿褰╃殑瀵硅瘽銆佹湁瓒ｇ殑鎯呰妭浠ュ強鍏ㄦ枃绛夛紝灏濊瘯鎶婅瘲姝屽拰鏁ｆ枃绛夌敓鍔ㄥ舰璞″湴鏈楄鍑烘潵銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�2锛夊０鍍忛厤鍚堛�傛暀甯堥�夋嫨涓�浜涚敓鍔ㄦ湁瓒ｇ殑浣滃搧锛屽鍔ㄧ敾鐗囥�佺數褰遍暅澶淬�佸皬鍝併�佸箍鍛婄瓑锛屽湪骞煎効鎰熷叴瓒ｇ殑鎯呭喌涓嬶紝閲嶅鎾斁缁欏辜鍎胯鐪嬶紝璁╁辜鍎挎劅鍙楀埌鐗囦腑鐨勫舰璞°�佹剰澧冦�侀煶涔愶紝灏ゅ叾鏄瑷�鐨勮繍鐢紝鍦ㄥ辜鍎跨啛鎮変箣鍚庯紝鍏虫帀瑙嗛鐗囨鐨勫０闊筹紝榧撳姳寮曞骞煎効鏍规嵁鐔熸倝鐨勭敾闈㈤厤璇村鐧姐�佹梺鐧藉拰骞垮憡璇嶇瓑锛屽彲浠ユ槸鎺ヨ繎鍘熸枃鐨勮瑷�閰嶈锛屼篃鍙互鏄辜鍎垮嵆鍏撮厤璇寸殑璇彞銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�3锛夊惉闊冲搷璁叉晠浜嬨�傛暀甯堢粰骞煎効鎾斁涓�娈典紭缇庣殑鏃嬪緥鎴栬�呭ぇ鑷劧涓紝鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓殑澹板搷锛岄�氳繃鎻愰棶銆佸姩浣滅瓑鏂瑰紡寮曞骞煎効灞曞紑鎯宠薄锛岃骞煎効灏嗗闊充箰鐨勬劅鍙楁垨瀵瑰０鍝嶇殑鎰熷彈缂栨垚鏁呬簨绛夎缁欏ぇ瀹跺惉銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�4锛夊綍闊虫父鎴忋�傛暀甯堜负骞煎効鍑嗗涓�浜涚┖鐧界甯︼紝鏁欏笀鍙互鍗忓姪骞煎効鎴栬�呭辜鍎胯嚜宸辨搷浣滃綍闊宠澶囷紝鎶婅嚜宸辫鐨勬晠浜嬨�佹湕璇电殑璇楁瓕鏁ｆ枃绛夊綍涓嬫潵锛岀劧鍚庡啀鎾斁鍑烘潵锛屽辜鍎垮惉鍒拌嚜宸辩殑澹伴煶浼氭劅鍒板緢寮�蹇冿紝浠ユ縺鍙戝辜鍎垮啀娆℃搷浣滅殑鍏磋叮锛岀壒鍒湴杩欏浜庝竴浜涘钩鏃朵笉鐖辫璇濈殑骞煎効鏉ヨ鏇存槸涓�绉嶉敾鐐笺��
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="233">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(233) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">226</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 锛�5锛夋柊闂诲箍鎾瓑涓撻娲诲姩銆傛暀甯堝彲浠ュ埄鐢ㄨ鍚鐨勮澶囷紝璁╁辜鍎垮埄鐢ㄥ睆骞曘�佽瘽绛掔瓑璁炬柦鎾姤鏂伴椈鍜屽箍鍛婄瓑锛屽仛鈥滃皬灏忎富鎸佷汉鈥濄��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀瑕佹牴鎹鍚澶氬獟浣撹澶囩殑浼樺娍锛屽紑灞曞舰寮忓鏍风殑娲诲姩锛岀伒娲昏繍鐢ㄥ绉嶆柟娉曟妧宸э紝璁╄鍚娲诲姩鐢熷姩鏈夎叮锛屼粠鑰屼績杩涘辜鍎胯瑷�鐨勫彂灞曘��
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c066">涓夈�佽〃婕旇涓殑璇█鏁欒偛</h3>
+ <p>
+ 琛ㄦ紨鏄瀺鎯宠薄銆佸垱閫犱簬涓�浣撶殑涓�绉嶇患鍚堟�ц〃杈撅紝鍏锋湁澶氭柟闈㈢殑鏁欒偛浠峰�笺�傚辜鍎垮湪琛ㄦ紨鏃堕渶瑕佽繍鐢ㄥ绉嶆劅瀹橈紝璋冨姩澶氱缁忛獙銆傝〃婕旀椿鍔ㄥ彲浠ヤ績杩涘辜鍎胯瑷�鑳藉姏銆佸姩浣滆〃鐜拌兘鍔涖�佷氦寰�鑳藉姏銆佸缇庡拰鍒涢�犺兘鍔涗互鍙婃儏鎰熺瓑澶氭柟闈㈢殑鍙戝睍銆傞粍浜洪鏁欐巿璁や负锛岃〃婕旀父鎴忔槸鎸夌収绔ヨ瘽銆佹晠浜嬬殑瑙掕壊銆佹儏鑺傚拰璇█锛岃繘琛屽垱閫犳�ц〃婕旂殑娓告垙銆�<a
+ id="w2"
+ ></a
+ ><a href="chapter009.html#m2"><sup>[2]</sup></a
+ >瀵逛簬琛ㄦ紨娓告垙鎵�閲囩敤鐨勨�滄晠浜嬧�濓紝鍒樼劚鏁欐巿鍦ㄣ�婂効绔ユ父鎴忛�氳銆嬩腑杩涗竴姝ラ槓杩伴亾锛氣�滄墍璋撯�樻晠浜嬧�欙紝涓嶄粎鍙互鎸囧辜鍎挎枃瀛︿綔鍝侊紝涔熷彲浠ユ槸骞煎効鑷繁鍒涚紪鐨勬晠浜嬩互鍙婁粬浠粡鍘嗚繃鐨勪簨浠躲�傗��<a
+ id="w3"
+ ></a
+ ><a href="chapter009.html#m3"><sup>[3]</sup></a>
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d175">锛堜竴锛夎〃婕旇鐨勫垱璁�</h4>
+ <p>鍦ㄨ〃婕旇鐨勫垱璁句笂瑕佹敞鎰忎互涓嬪嚑鐐广��</p>
+ <h5 id="e171">1.琛ㄦ紨瑙掑湴鐐归�夋嫨</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鐢变簬琛ㄦ紨瑙掔殑娲诲姩鍦ㄥ紑灞曟椂鍙戝嚭鐨勫０鍝嶈緝澶э紝鎵�浠ヨ〃婕斿尯鐨勮缃簲璇ヨ繙绂婚渶瑕佸畨闈欑殑鍖鸿锛屼互鍏嶅共鎵板叾浠栧尯瑙掔殑娲诲姩锛涙暀甯堣繕瑕佹牴鎹辜鍎垮洯鍜屾湰鐝殑瀹為檯鎯呭喌瀹夋帓琛ㄦ紨瑙掔殑鍏蜂綋鍦扮偣锛屽彲浠ヨ缃浐瀹氬紡鐨勮〃婕旇锛屼篃鍙互鍒╃敤娲诲姩瀹ょ殑闂ㄥ巺銆佽繃閬撱�佽蛋寤婄瓑璁捐绉诲姩鐨勮〃婕旇銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e172">2.琛ㄦ紨瑙掕儗鏅竷缃�</h5>
+ <p class="center openImgBox">
+ <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../../images/0246-1.jpg" />
+ </p>
+ <p class="img">鍥�9-3 鏌愯〃婕旇鐨勭幆澧冨垱璁�</p>
+ <p>
+ 涓轰簡澧炴坊琛ㄦ紨瑙掑骞煎効鐨勫惛寮曞姏锛屽彲浠ュ埄鐢ㄥぇ鍨嬬Н鏈ㄣ�佸僵甯︺�佺虎涓濄�佽壓鏈儗鏅浘绛夋潗鏂欏竷缃竴涓紓浜殑灏忚垶鍙帮紙瑙佸浘9-3锛夛紝鍒涢�犺〃婕旂幆澧冿紝寮曞彂骞煎効琛ㄦ紨鐨勬鏈涖��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e173">3.琛ㄦ紨瑙掓潗鏂欐姇鏀�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 琛ㄦ紨瑙掓墍闇�瑕佺殑鏉愭枡鏈夐煶鍝嶅櫒鏉愩�佽妭濂忎箰鍣ㄣ�佽鑹叉湇楗般�侀亾鍏枫�佸悇寮忕帺鍋躲�佺Щ鍔ㄥ紡鑳屾櫙绛夈�傞亾鍏风殑鍑嗗涓嶈姹傞�肩湡榻愬叏锛屽彧瑕佹湁璞″緛鎬у嵆鍙�傚湪鏉愭枡鎶曟斁鏃跺�″寮�鏀炬�ф潗鏂欑殑鎶曟斁锛屽涓�鏉＄罕宸撅紝鏃㈠彲浠ヤ綔涓哄皬楦熸垨铦磋澏绛夌殑鈥滅繀鑶�鈥濓紝鍙堝彲浠ュ綋浣滅編涓藉濞樼殑澶村肪锛岃繕鍙互鏄彜瑁呬汉鐗╃殑鈥滄姭椋庘�濓紝鐢氳嚦鏄帹鎴垮仛楗椂鐨勨�滃洿瑁欌�濈瓑銆傚辜鍎胯繍鐢ㄨ繖浜涘紑鏀炬�ф潗鏂欐棦鍙戞尌浜嗘潗鏂欑殑浣滅敤锛屽張婵�鍙戜簡骞煎効鐨勫垱閫犳�с��
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m2"></a><a href="chapter009.html#w2">[2]</a>
+ 榛勪汉棰�.瀛﹀墠鏁欒偛瀛︼蓟M锛�.鍖椾含锛氫汉姘戞暀鑲插嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�1989锛�253.
+ </p>
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m3"></a><a href="chapter009.html#w3">[3]</a>
+ 鍒樼劚.鍎跨娓告垙閫氳锛籑锛�.鍖椾含锛氬寳浜笀鑼冨ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2008锛�504.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="234">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(234) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗節绔� 骞煎効鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓殑璇█鏁欒偛</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">227</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <h4 id="d176">锛堜簩锛夋寚瀵艰鐐�</h4>
+ <h5 id="e174">1.鎻愪緵涓板瘜鐨勬潗鏂欙紝钀ラ�犺〃婕旂殑姘涘洿</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄨ〃婕旇娲诲姩寮�灞曚箣鍓嶏紝榧撳姳鏀寔骞煎効绉瀬鍙備笌琛ㄦ紨瑙掔殑鐜璁捐涓庡竷缃紝濡傛暀甯堝拰骞煎効涓�璧锋惌寤哄皬鑸炲彴锛屽竷缃楗扮瓑鑳屾櫙銆傛牴鎹皢瑕佽〃婕旂殑鏂囧浣滃搧鐨勫唴瀹瑰拰闇�瑕佹潵鍒朵綔閬撳叿銆佸ご楗扮瓑銆傚紩瀵煎辜鍎垮埄鐢ㄥ簾鏃х殑鐗╁搧鍒朵綔閬撳叿鏈嶈銆傚弬涓庤〃婕旂殑鍑嗗杩囩▼缁欏辜鍎跨殑鎺㈢┒鎻愪緵浜嗘満浼氬拰鍙兘鎬э紝閿荤偧浜嗗辜鍎跨殑鍔ㄦ墜鑳藉姏鍙婂垱閫犲姏銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e175">2.寮曞骞煎効鎰熷彈浣滃搧锛屽叏闈㈡妸鎻¤鑹茬壒鐐�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鐞嗚В鏂囧浣滃搧鏄辜鍎胯〃婕旂殑鍓嶆彁鍜屽熀纭�锛岃〃婕旀椿鍔ㄥ彲浠ヤ綔涓哄辜鍎挎枃瀛︿綔鍝佹椿鍔ㄧ殑涓�涓嫇灞曞拰寤朵几锛屾墍浠ヨ〃婕旀椿鍔ㄨ涓庢枃瀛︿綔鍝佹椿鍔ㄧ揣瀵嗚仈绯伙紝鏁欏笀瑕佸埄鐢ㄦ枃瀛︿綔鍝佹椿鍔ㄥ厖鍒嗗湴璁╁辜鍎跨悊瑙ｄ綔鍝佺殑鍐呭锛屽垎鏋愪綔鍝佷腑瑙掕壊鐨勫舰璞＄壒鐐癸紝鐔熸倝瑙掕壊闂寸殑瀵硅瘽锛屼綋浼氳鑹茬殑蹇冪悊鎰熷彈锛屼负骞煎効褰㈣薄鐢熷姩鐨勮〃婕斿仛濂藉噯澶囥��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e176">3.榧撳姳骞煎効鎸夎嚜宸辩殑鎰忔効杩涜琛ㄦ紨</h5>
+ <p>
+ 琛ㄦ紨娲诲姩涓嶆槸鏈烘鐨勬ā浠匡紝鑰屾槸涓�绉嶆湁鍒涢�犳�х殑娓告垙娲诲姩銆傛暀甯堣鍦ㄨ〃婕旀椿鍔ㄤ腑鍙戞尌骞煎効鐨勪富浣撲綔鐢紝鎻愪緵骞煎効鍏呭垎鐨勮嚜涓诲垱閫犵殑绌洪棿鍜屾椂闂达紝榧撳姳骞煎効鎸夌収鑷繁鐨勬剰鎰垮拰鎯虫硶杩涜琛ㄦ紨銆傞紦鍔卞辜鍎夸簰鐩搁個璇凤紝鑷富鍒嗛厤瑙掕壊锛岃嚜鐢卞喅瀹氳〃婕旂墖娈碉紝灏婇噸骞煎効瀵逛綔鍝佺殑鐞嗚В鍜屾紨缁庛�傞紦鍔卞辜鍎垮湪琛ㄦ紨涓ぇ鑳嗗垱鏂帮紝澧炲姞鍒涚紪鎯呰妭鍜屼汉鐗╁璇濓紝鍙戝睍鏁呬簨鎯呰妭锛岃嚜宸辫璁″姩浣滃拰浜虹墿瀵硅瘽锛岀粰骞煎効鍒涢�犱竴涓嚜鐢便�佸鏉剧殑琛ㄦ紨姘涘洿銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e177">4.鍙備笌骞煎効鐨勮〃婕旀椿鍔�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀鍦ㄥ辜鍎跨殑琛ㄦ紨娲诲姩涓紝涓嶄粎鍙互甯姪骞煎効閫夋嫨琛ㄦ紨绱犳潗锛屾彁渚涜〃婕旀潗鏂欙紝杩樺彲浠ラ�氳繃鍙備笌骞煎効鐨勮〃婕旀潵鏀寔鍜岄紦鍔卞辜鍎跨殑琛ㄦ紨娲诲姩锛屾暀甯堝彲浠ュ埄鐢ㄥ弬涓庣殑瑙掕壊鏉ラ棿鎺ュ紩瀵煎辜鍎胯繍鐢ㄨ瑷�銆佽〃鎯呫�佸姩浣滆〃鐜拌鑹诧紝鍒涢�犳�у湴鍐嶇幇浣滃搧鍐呭銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e178">5.寮�灞曚赴瀵屽褰╃殑琛ㄦ紨瑙掓椿鍔�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 琛ㄦ紨瑙掓椿鍔ㄩ櫎浜嗗彲浠ヨ〃婕斿辜鍎挎枃瀛︿綔鍝佷箣澶栵紝杩樺彲浠ヨ〃婕斿辜鍎跨啛鎮夌殑鐢佃鑺傜洰銆佸皯鍎垮奖鐗囨垨鍔ㄧ敾鐗囩殑鎯呰妭锛屾ā浠垮皬鍝併�佺瑧璇濈瓑澶稿紶鐨勬儏鑺傘�傝〃婕斿舰寮忛櫎浜嗗彲浠ユ槸骞煎効鑷繁鎵紨瑙掕壊涔嬪锛岃繕鍙互閲囩敤鐜╁伓琛ㄦ紨銆佽瘲姝屻�佹暎鏂囨湕璇电瓑褰㈠紡銆�
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c067">鍥涖�佽鑹插尯涓殑璇█鏁欒偛</h3>
+ <p>
+ 瑙掕壊娓告垙鏄寚骞煎効閫氳繃妯′豢鍜屾兂璞★紝浠ユ壆婕旇鑹茬殑鏂瑰紡鍒涢�犳�у湴鍙嶆槧鍛ㄥ洿鐢熸椿鐨勬父鎴忋��<a
+ id="w4"
+ ></a
+ ><a href="chapter009.html#m4"><sup>[4]</sup></a
+ >瑙掕壊鍖烘槸骞煎効鍥尯瑙掓椿鍔ㄤ腑鐨勪竴涓噸瑕佹椿鍔ㄥ尯鍩熴�傝鑹叉父鎴忔槸骞煎効闃舵蹇呮湁鐨勩�佸辜鍎块潪甯稿枩娆€�佷箰姝や笉鐤茬殑涓�绉嶆父鎴忋��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d177">锛堜竴锛夎鑹插尯鐨勫垱璁�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄨ鑹叉父鎴忎腑锛屽辜鍎垮厖鍒嗚皟鍔ㄨ嚜宸卞凡鏈夌殑缁忛獙锛屾紨缁庣粡楠岋紝浣垮凡鏈夌粡楠屽緱鍒板崌鍗庯紝鍚屾椂鑾峰緱鏂扮殑缁忛獙銆傚辜鍎跨殑璁ょ煡銆佹儏鎰熸�佸害鍙婂叾浠栫ぞ浼氭�у搧璐ㄩ兘鍦ㄨ繖涓粡楠屽姞宸ヤ笌鐢熸垚鐨勮繃绋嬩腑寰楀埌鍙戝睍銆�<a
+ id="w5"
+ ></a
+ ><a href="chapter009.html#m5"><sup>[5]</sup></a
+ >骞煎効鍦ㄨ鑹插尯鐨勬父鎴忎腑妯′豢鍚勮鍚勪笟鐨勮鑹茶涓猴紝
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m4"></a><a href="chapter009.html#w4">[4]</a>
+ 榛勪汉棰�.瀛﹀墠鏁欒偛瀛︼蓟M锛�.鍖椾含锛氫汉姘戞暀鑲插嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�1989锛�253.
+ </p>
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m5"></a><a href="chapter009.html#w5">[5]</a>
+ 琚佺埍鐜诧紝浣曠鑻�.骞煎効鍥暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵肩瓥鐣ワ蓟M锛�.鍖椾含锛氬寳浜笀鑼冨ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2007锛�227.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="235">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(235) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">228</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鎰熷彈鍚勭瑙掕壊闂寸殑鍏崇郴锛屽涔犱氦寰�涓庡悎浣滐紝浠ヨ幏寰椾赴瀵岀殑绀句細鎯呮劅浣撻獙锛屼粠鑰屼績杩涜瑷�涓庣ぞ浼氳兘鍔涚殑鍙戝睍銆傚湪瑙掕壊娓告垙涓紝骞煎効鐢ㄨ瑷�杩涜瑙掕壊闂寸殑浜ゅ線锛屾寜鐓ц鑹插拰鎯呭鐨勪笉鍚屾潵璋冩暣璇█锛屾棦鏈夋ā浠匡紝涔熸湁鍒涢�狅紝瀵瑰辜鍎胯瑷�鐨勫彂灞曟湁鐫�寰堝ぇ鐨勪績杩涗綔鐢ㄣ�傚辜鍎垮洯涓紝姣旇緝甯歌鐨勮鑹插尯鍖呮嫭鈥滃▋濞冨鈥濃�滅悊鍙戝簵鈥濃�滆彍甯傚満鈥濃�滃皬瓒呭競鈥濃�滃揩椁愬簵鈥濃�滃尰闄⑩�濃�滈摱琛屸�濈瓑銆傚湪鍒涜瑙掕壊鍖虹殑杩囩▼涓娉ㄦ剰浠ヤ笅鍑犵偣銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e179">1.瑙掕壊鍖虹幆澧冨竷缃�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 瑙掕壊鍖虹殑娓告垙娲诲姩姘涘洿姣旇緝鑷敱锛屽辜鍎挎椿鍔ㄨ捣鏉ユ椂澹伴煶姣旇緝鍢堟潅锛屽洜鑰岃鑹插尯鐨勫湴鐐归�夋嫨搴旇杩滅姣旇緝瀹夐潤鐨勬椿鍔ㄥ尯鍩熴�傝鑹插尯鐨勭敓娲诲満鏅竷缃槸鐜板疄绀句細鍦烘櫙鐨勭缉褰憋紝鎵�浠ョ幆澧冨竷缃彲浠ユ槸缂╁皬鐗堢殑鐜板疄浜嬬墿锛屽灏忔煖鍙般�佸皬鍗¤溅銆佸皬璐х墿銆佸皬搴婄瓑銆傜敱浜庡辜鍎挎洿鍠滄鍏锋湁鐪熷疄鎰熺殑涓滆タ锛屾墍浠ユ暀甯堝簲灏介噺閫夌敤鐜板疄鐢熸椿涓殑瀹炵墿锛屽鐪熷疄鐨勫帹鎴跨敤鍝佺瓑銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 濡傛灉骞煎効鍥殑鍥垗鏉′欢鍏佽锛屽彲浠ヨ缃笓闂ㄧ殑瑙掕壊娓告垙瀹わ紝褰㈡垚涓�涓皬绀句細锛屽悇涓富棰樻父鎴忎箣闂村彲浠ュ疄鐜拌嚜鐢卞線鏉ワ紝浠庤�岀粰骞煎効鍒涢�犱竴涓洿澶с�佹洿鑷敱鐨勫彂灞曠ぞ浼氭�у拰杩愮敤璇█鐨勬満浼氫笌鍦烘墍锛堣鍥�9-4锛夈��
+ </p>
+ <p class="center openImgBox">
+ <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../../images/0248-1.jpg" />
+ </p>
+ <p class="img">鍥�9-4 鏌愯鑹插尯鐨勭幆澧冨垱璁�</p>
+ <h5 id="e180">2.瑙掕壊鍖烘潗鏂欐姇鏀�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 锛�1锛夊鎶曟斁寮�鏀炬�ф潗鏂欍�傛暀甯堝簲澶氭姇鏀句竴浜涙搷浣滄潗鏂欙紝灏ゅ叾鏄彲鎿嶄綔鎬у己鐨勬潗鏂欍�傛垚鍝佹父鎴忔潗鏂欒櫧鐒跺褰㈤�肩湡锛屼絾鏄姛鑳藉浐瀹氾紝鐢ㄦ硶鍗曚竴锛屽辜鍎夸笉瀹规槗鏍规嵁鎯宠薄杩涜璞″緛鎬ф敼閫犮�傝�屼竴浜涘紑鏀炬�у彲濉戞�ф潗鏂欙紝濡傚寘瑁呯洅銆佺摱瀛愩�佸簾鏃у竷澶淬�佺煶澶淬�佹爲鍙躲�佺罕宸剧瓑锛屽彲浠ヤ竴鐗╁鐜╋紝鍏锋湁鎴愭湰浣庡粔銆佺伒娲诲鐢ㄧ殑鐗圭偣銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�2锛夊垎鏈熷垎鎵瑰湴鏇存崲鎶曟斁鏉愭枡銆傛暀甯堥渶瑕佹牴鎹父鎴忕殑闇�瑕佸垎鏈熷垎鎵瑰湴鎶曟斁娓告垙鏉愭枡銆傛父鎴忔潗鏂欎笉鏄秺澶氳秺濂斤紝鑰屾槸閫傚害灏卞ソ銆傛父鎴忔潗鏂欎篃涓嶈兘涓�鎴愪笉鍙橈紝鍚﹀垯浼氶檺鍒跺辜鍎跨殑娓告垙鍐呭锛屽鑷存父鎴忔按骞冲仠婊炰笉鍓嶏紝鏁欏笀闇�瑕佸叧娉ㄦ父鎴忕殑杩涘睍锛岄�傛椂閫傞噺鍦版姇鏀炬父鎴忔潗鏂欍��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�3锛夊辜鍎垮弬涓庡埗浣滄潗鏂欍�傝鑹插尯鎶曟斁鐨勭帺鍏锋潗鏂欏彲浠ョ敱鏁欏笀鍜屽辜鍎夸竴璧锋垨骞煎効鑷繁鍒朵綔锛屽鈥滃尰闄⑩�濋噷鐢ㄧ殑鈥滆嵂鐗団�濃�滄绛锯�濈瓑锛屸�滈棣嗏�濋噷鐢ㄧ殑鍚勭鈥滈鐗┾�濈瓑锛岃繖鏍锋棦鍑�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="236">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(236) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗節绔� 骞煎効鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓殑璇█鏁欒偛</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">229</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 灏戜簡鏁欏笀鍒朵綔鏉愭枡鐨勫伐浣滈噺锛屽張閿荤偧浜嗗辜鍎垮姩鎵嬪姩鑴戠殑鑳藉姏锛屽辜鍎胯繕涔愬湪鍏朵腑銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d178">锛堜簩锛夋寚瀵艰鐐�</h4>
+ <h5 id="e181">1.涓板瘜骞煎効鐨勭敓娲荤粡楠�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 瑙掕壊娓告垙娲诲姩鏄辜鍎跨敓娲荤粡楠岀殑鍐嶇幇锛岀敓娲荤粡楠屾槸骞煎効瑙掕壊娓告垙娲诲姩鐨勬簮娉夛紝鏁欏笀瑕佸府鍔╁辜鍎胯璇嗗搴強绀惧尯鍛ㄥ洿鐜锛屾墿澶у辜鍎跨殑浜ゅ線绌洪棿锛屼赴瀵屽辜鍎跨殑鐢熸椿浣撻獙锛岀Н绱浉鍏崇粡楠屻�傚闀胯澶氬甫骞煎効鍙備笌绀句細娲诲姩锛屾瘮濡傦紝鍦ㄨ喘鐗┿�佷箻杞︺�佸尰闄㈢湅鐥呫�佸浘涔﹂鍊熼槄鍥句功鏃讹紝鍜屽辜鍎垮浜ゆ祦锛屾湁鎰忚瘑鍦颁粙缁嶇浉鍏崇煡璇嗭紝涓板瘜骞煎効鐨勫疄闄呯敓娲荤粡楠岋紝浠ヤ績杩涘辜鍎垮洯瑙掕壊娓告垙鐨勫紑灞曘��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e182">2.瑙傚療寮曞骞煎効娓告垙</h5>
+ <p>
+ 娓告垙鏄辜鍎跨殑娓告垙锛屽辜鍎挎槸瑙掕壊娓告垙娲诲姩鐨勮嚜鐒朵富浣撱�備絾鏄紝鎶婂辜鍎跨湅浣滆鑹叉父鎴忕殑涓讳綋锛屽苟涓嶆剰鍛崇潃鏁欏笀浠呬粎浣滀负鈥滃浣撯�濇垨鏃犳墍浣滀负鐨勨�滄梺瑙傝�呪�濊�屽瓨鍦ㄤ簬骞煎効鐨勬父鎴忔椿鍔ㄤ箣涓��<a
+ id="w6"
+ ></a
+ ><a href="chapter009.html#m6"><sup>[6]</sup></a
+ >鏁欏笀鏄父鎴忔椿鍔ㄧ殑鎸囧鑰咃紝浣嗘暀甯堝娓告垙鐨勬寚瀵煎繀椤讳互灏婇噸鍜屽彂鎸ュ辜鍎夸富浣撴�т负鍩烘湰鍓嶆彁锛屽彧鏈夎В鍐冲ソ骞煎効鍜屾暀甯堝湪瑙掕壊娓告垙涓殑鍏崇郴锛屾墠鑳戒娇瑙掕壊娓告垙鍜屽辜鍎垮洯璇剧▼銆佹暀瀛﹀緱鍒版湁鏈虹殑缁撳悎銆傛墍浠ュ湪瑙傚療寮曞骞煎効娓告垙鏃讹紝搴旀敞鎰忎互涓嬩笁鐐广��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�1锛夊皧閲嶅辜鍎跨殑涓讳綋鎬с�傚湪瑙掕壊娓告垙鐨勭粍缁囧拰鎸囧涓紝灏婇噸骞煎効鐨勪富浣撴�э紝棣栧厛锛岃灏婇噸骞煎効娓告垙鐨勫叴瓒ｅ拰闇�瑕侊紝涓嶈鎶婅嚜宸辩殑鍏磋叮銆佽鍒掑己鍔犵粰骞煎効銆傚叾娆★紝灏婇噸骞煎効娓告垙娲诲姩鐨勫勾榫勭壒鐐癸紝骞煎効鍙楀勾榫勬按骞崇殑闄愬埗锛屽湪娓告垙鐨勮繃绋嬩腑寰�寰�鍑虹幇涓嶈繛璐殑鎯呰妭绛夛紝鏁欏笀搴斿綋缁欏辜鍎挎椂闂村幓鎬濊�冦�佹帰绱紝鍏佽浠栦滑鎸夌収鑷繁鐨勬兂娉曞拰鑺傚鏉ユ父鎴忋�傛渶鍚庯紝鏁欏笀瑕佺浉淇″辜鍎跨殑鑳藉姏锛岀粰骞煎効鑷富鎺㈢储鍜屽皾璇曠殑鏈轰細銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�2锛夋父鎴忓紑灞曡繃绋嬬殑寮�鏀炬�с�傚湪瑙掕壊娓告垙鐨勫紑灞曡繃绋嬩腑锛屽辜鍎垮湪涓庡悓浼淬�佹潗鏂欑殑浜掑姩鏃跺彲鑳戒細浜х敓鏂扮殑鍏磋叮涓庨渶瑕併�傛暀甯堥渶瑕佹帴绾冲辜鍎跨殑鎯虫硶骞跺強鏃惰皟鏁磋嚜宸辩殑璁″垝锛屽府鍔╁辜鍎垮疄鐜版兂娉曘��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�3锛夐�傛椂銆侀殢鏈虹殑鎸囧銆傚辜鍎挎槸娓告垙鐨勪富浣擄紝鏁欏笀瑙傚療浜嗚В骞煎効鍦ㄦ父鎴忎腑鐨勮〃鐜帮紝瀵瑰辜鍎胯繘琛岄�傛椂銆侀殢鏈虹殑鎸囧銆傛瘮濡傦紝鏁欏笀浠ヨ鑹茬殑褰㈠紡鍙備笌鍒板辜鍎跨殑娓告垙涓紝鍙互涓板瘜骞煎効瑙掕壊鐨勫唴瀹瑰拰鎯呰妭锛涙暀甯堝弬涓庡埌涓�浜涘勾榫勫皬銆佽兘鍔涘急銆佽儐瀛愬皬鐨勫辜鍎胯鑹叉父鎴忎腑锛屽彲浠ュ府鍔╁辜鍎垮寮鸿鑹叉剰璇嗭紝浣夸粬浠湪娓告垙涓洿鑳借幏寰楁垚鍔熺殑浣撻獙鍜屾父鎴忕殑涔愯叮銆�
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk">
+ <div class="bk1">
+ <p><span class="bj2">骞煎効鍥暀甯堣祫鏍艰瘉鑰冭瘯路鐪熼鍐嶇幇</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-2">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="../../images/tb-1.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <b>2012骞翠笂鍗婂勾銆婁繚鏁欑煡璇嗕笌鑳藉姏銆嬫潗鏂欏垎鏋愰</b>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 灏忕彮骞煎効鍦ㄨ鑹叉父鎴忓尯娲诲姩锛屾枃鏂囧湪閭眬閲屾棤鎵�浜嬩簨锛屾憜寮勪竴涓О閲嶅櫒銆傚湪姝や箣鍓嶏紝瀛╁瓙浠病鏈夆�滈偖灞�鈥濊繖涓鑹叉父鎴忕殑缁忛獙銆傛暀甯堢湅鍒拌繖绉嶆儏鍐碉紝鎷夸簡涓�涓洅瀛愯蛋杩囧幓锛屽鏂囨枃璇达細鈥滄垜鎯虫妸杩欎釜瀵勫埌瓒呭競鍘伙紙鏃佽竟鏈夎秴甯傛父鎴忓尯锛夛紝浣犺兘甯垜绉颁竴涓嬪悧锛熲�濇枃鏂囬┈涓婃帴杩囩洅瀛愶紝鏀惧湪绉伴噸鍣ㄤ笂锛岀湅浜嗕竴涓嬶紝璇达細鈥�100鍏嬶紒鈥濇暀甯堥棶锛�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="237">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(237) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">230</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <div class="bk">
+ <p class="center">
+ <b>2012骞翠笂鍗婂勾銆婁繚鏁欑煡璇嗕笌鑳藉姏銆嬫潗鏂欏垎鏋愰</b>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鈥滃灏戦挶锛熲�濃��10鍧楅挶銆傗�濇暀甯堝亣瑁呬粯浜嗛挶锛屾枃鏂囩珛鍒绘妸鐩掑瓙閫佸埌浜嗛殧澹佺殑瓒呭競銆傛帴鐫�锛屾湁鍑犱釜灏忔湅鍙嬩篃瀛︾潃鏁欏笀鐨勬牱瀛愬皢涓�浜涗笢瑗垮瘎鍒版梺杈圭殑鍖婚櫌銆佺編瀹归櫌銆佸▋濞冨锛岄偖灞�鍙樺緱鐑椆璧锋潵銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 璇峰垎鏋愬湪杩欎釜妗堜緥涓紝鏁欏笀鏄浣曞共棰勫辜鍎挎父鎴忕殑銆�
+ <span class="btn-box" @click="showAnswer2 = !showAnswer2">
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+ <p v-if="showAnswer2">
+ <b>绛旈鎬濊矾锛�</b
+ >杩欓亾棰樹晶閲嶈�冩煡鐨勬槸娓告垙鐨勫共棰勬柟寮忎笌鎸囧绛栫暐銆傚湪鏈渚嬩腑锛屾暀甯堟敞鎰忚瀵熷辜鍎垮湪娓告垙鍖虹殑琛ㄧ幇锛屽彂鐜版枃鏂囩己涔忊�滈偖灞�鈥濇父鎴忕殑缁忛獙骞跺強鏃惰繘琛屾父鎴忔寚瀵硷紱鏁欏笀瀵瑰辜鍎块噰鍙栦簡鍐呴儴骞查娉曪紝浠ユ父鎴忚�呯殑韬唤鍙備笌娓告垙锛屽甫鍔ㄥ辜鍎垮紑灞曟父鎴忥紱鏁欏笀鍦ㄩ�傚綋鐨勬椂鏈轰粙鍏ユ父鎴忥紝鍦ㄥ辜鍎块『鍒╁紑灞曟父鎴忓悗閫�鍑烘父鎴忋��
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ <h2 id="b024">绗洓鑺傘��瀹跺洯鍚堜綔杩涜璇█鏁欒偛</h2>
+ <p>
+ 瀹跺洯鍚堜綔鏄寚骞煎効鍥拰瀹跺涵閮芥妸鑷繁褰撲綔淇冭繘骞煎効鍙戝睍鐨勪富浣擄紝鍙屾柟绉瀬涓诲姩鍦扮浉浜掍簡瑙ｃ�佺浉浜掗厤鍚堬紝閫氳繃骞煎効鍥笌瀹跺涵鐨勫弻鍚戜簰鍔紝鍏卞悓淇冭繘骞煎効鐨勮韩蹇冨彂灞曘�傘�婄翰瑕併�嬫寚鍑猴紝瀹跺涵鏄辜鍎垮洯閲嶈鐨勫悎浣滀紮浼淬�傚簲鏈潃灏婇噸銆佸钩绛夈�佸悎浣滅殑鍘熷垯锛屼簤鍙栧闀跨殑鐞嗚В銆佹敮鎸佸拰涓诲姩鍙備笌锛屽苟绉瀬鏀寔銆佸府鍔╁闀挎彁楂樻暀鑲茶兘鍔涖�傚搴槸骞煎効鎴愰暱鐨勪富瑕佸満鎵�锛屾垜鍥借憲鍚嶇殑骞煎効鏁欒偛瀹堕檲楣ょ惔鍏堢敓璇磋繃锛氬辜鍎挎暀鑲叉槸涓�绉嶅緢澶嶆潅鐨勪簨鎯咃紝涓嶆槸瀹跺涵涓�鏂归潰鍙互鍗曠嫭鑳滀换鐨勶紝涔熶笉鏄辜鍎垮洯涓�鏂归潰鑳藉崟鐙儨浠荤殑锛屽繀瀹氳涓ゆ柟闈㈠叡鍚屽悎浣滄柟鑳藉緱鍒板厖鍒嗙殑鍔熸晥銆傛暀甯堜笌瀹堕暱蹇呴』鎼鸿捣鎵嬫潵锛屾牴鎹瀛愮殑骞撮緞鐗瑰緛鍜屾櫤鍔涙按骞筹紝閲囧彇绉戝鏈夋晥鐨勬暀鑲叉柟寮忥紝瀹跺洯鍚堜綔锛屽叡淇冨辜鍎胯瑷�鑳藉姏鐨勬湁鏁堟彁鍗囥��
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c068">涓�銆佸搴腑骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐨勪紭鍔�</h3>
+ <h4 id="d179">锛堜竴锛変翰瀛愬叧绯�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鐖舵瘝鏄瀛愮殑绗竴浠昏�佸笀锛屼粠瀛╁瓙鍜垮憖鍙戝０鍒颁細鐢ㄥ畬鏁寸殑璇彞琛ㄨ揪锛岄兘涓�鐩撮櫔浼村湪瀛╁瓙鐨勮韩杈癸紝瀵瑰瀛愯瑷�鐨勫彂灞曡捣鍒颁簡闈炲父閲嶈鐨勪綔鐢ㄣ�傜埗姣嶄笌骞煎効涔嬮棿鏄竴绉嶆祿娴撶殑浜叉儏锛屽辜鍎垮湪鐖舵瘝閭ｉ噷鍙互鑾峰緱瀹夊叏鎰燂紝浠庤�屾嫢鏈変竴涓鏉俱�佽嚜鐢辩殑璇█鍙戝睍鐜銆傚啀鑰咃紝鐖舵瘝鍜屽辜鍎夸箣闂村鏄撲骇鐢熷弻鍚戜簰鍔紝鏇存槗鍙婃椂鍦板簲绛斾笌鍥炲簲锛屾湁鍒╀簬骞煎効璇█鐨勫彂灞曘��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d180">锛堜簩锛夋暀鑲茬殑涓綋鎬�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鐨勮瑷�鍙戝睍瀛樺湪涓綋鎬э紝瀹跺涵鍙互鏈夐拡瀵规�у湴杩涜鈥滀竴瀵逛竴鈥濈殑鏁欒偛锛屽洜鏉愭柦鏁欍�傛瘮濡傦紝骞煎効鐨勫勾榫勮緝灏忥紝鍙ｈ琛ㄨ揪瀹规槗鍑虹幇閿欓煶銆侀敊瀛椼�侀敊璇嶅拰璇梾绛夐棶棰橈紝鐖舵瘝浼氬強鏃舵寚瀵硷紝璇村嚭姝ｇ‘鐨勮瑷�锛屼究浜庡辜鍎挎ā浠匡紱鍦ㄥ辜鍎跨殑鏃╂湡闃呰鏂归潰锛岀埗姣嶅拰骞煎効鍙互浜插瓙闃呰锛岃竟鐪嬭竟璇伙紝杈归棶杈硅锛屾棦娌熼�氫簡浜叉儏锛屽張鍩瑰吇浜嗗辜鍎跨殑闃呰涔犳儻銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="238">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(238) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗節绔� 骞煎効鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓殑璇█鏁欒偛</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">231</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <h4 id="d181">锛堜笁锛夎瑷�鍜岃澧冨尮閰�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効闃舵澶勪簬鍏疯薄鎬濈淮闃舵锛屽辜鍎胯瑷�鐨勫彂灞曟洿渚濊禆浜庣湡瀹炵殑璇█鐜锛岃瑷�涓庤澧冨尮閰嶈秺瀵嗗垏锛屽辜鍎胯秺鑳界悊瑙ｈ瑷�鐨勬剰涔夛紝璇█鍙戝睍瓒婅兘鍙栧緱鑹ソ鐨勬晥鏋溿�傜埗姣嶅拰骞煎効涔嬮棿鐨勬棩甯镐氦璋堬紝閮芥槸鍙戠敓鍦ㄤ竴涓瑙傘�佸叿浣撶殑璇█鐜涓紝璇濋鏄辜鍎挎劅鍏磋叮鐨勶紝绗﹀悎骞煎効鐨勮鐭ラ渶瑕佸拰璇█鍙戝睍姘村钩锛岃瑷�鍜岃澧冮珮搴﹀惢鍚堬紝鏈夊埄浜庡辜鍎垮埄鐢ㄨ瑷�杩涜琛ㄨ揪锛屾渶缁堝叾璇█鑳藉姏鍦ㄤ笉鐭ヤ笉瑙変腑寰楀埌浜嗗彂灞曘��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d182">锛堝洓锛夎瑷�鏁欒偛闅忔満銆佺伒娲�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 瀹跺涵涓殑璇█鏁欒偛娌℃湁鍏蜂綋鐨勫唴瀹瑰拰瑕佹眰锛屾椂闂村拰鏂规硶涔熸槸涓嶇‘瀹氱殑銆備竴鏂归潰锛屼翰瀛愪箣闂寸殑浜ゆ祦娌℃湁鏃堕棿銆佺┖闂寸殑闄愬埗锛屾瘮杈冭嚜鐢憋紝骞朵笖杩樹細闅忕潃鏃剁┖鐨勮浆绉昏�岃浆鎹㈣瘽棰樸�傚彟涓�鏂归潰锛屽疄鏂借瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勪汉涔熸湁鍙樺寲锛屽辜鍎挎槸鍦ㄤ笌鐖舵瘝鍜屽叾浠栦翰浜轰箣闂寸殑浜ゆ祦涓彂灞曚簡璇█銆�
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c069">浜屻�佸辜鍎垮洯鍜屽搴繘琛岃瑷�鏁欒偛鍚堜綔鐨勯�斿緞</h3>
+ <h4 id="d183">锛堜竴锛夐潰瀵归潰娌熼��</h4>
+ <h5 id="e183">1.瀹跺涵璧拌</h5>
+ <p>
+ 姣忎釜骞煎効閮界敓娲诲湪涓嶅悓鐨勫搴幆澧冧腑锛屾瘡涓搴兘鏈夊叾涓嶅悓鐨勭壒鐐癸紝鏁欏笀濡傛灉鎯崇湡姝ｅ湴浜嗚В骞煎効鐨勮瑷�鍙戝睍鐘跺喌鍜屽搴彁渚涚粰骞煎効鐨勮瑷�鍙戝睍鐜锛屽氨蹇呴』鍒板辜鍎垮涓蛋璁裤�傞鍏堬紝鍏ュ洯鍓嶅璁垮緢鏈夊繀瑕侊紝鍥犱负骞煎効鍜屽闀垮湪鍏ュ洯鍓嶄細浜х敓涓嶅悓绋嬪害鐨勭揣寮犳儏缁紝瀹堕暱鎷呭績骞煎効鑳藉惁閫傚簲骞煎効鍥殑鐢熸椿锛屾墍浠ュ湪骞煎効鍏ュ洯涔嬪墠锛屾暀甯堝彲浠ラ�氳繃瀹惰鏉ヤ簡瑙ｅ辜鍎跨殑鎬ф牸銆佺埍濂姐�佽兘鍔涖�佸仴搴风姸鍐典互鍙婅瑷�鍙戝睍鎯呭喌锛屼互渚挎彁渚涗竴浠借缁嗙殑骞煎効閫傚簲鍏ュ洯寤鸿锛屽府鍔╁辜鍎垮拰瀹堕暱搴﹁繃鍏ュ洯鏈熴�傚叾娆★紝鏈夐拡瀵规�х殑瀹惰涔熷緢閲嶈锛屽辜鍎垮湪骞煎効鍥殑琛ㄧ幇鍜屽搴湁寰堝ぇ鍏崇郴锛屽辜鍎胯瑷�鍙戝睍鍑虹幇闂锛岄渶瑕佸拰瀹堕暱杩涜娌熼�氾紝鍏卞悓瀵绘壘鍘熷洜锛屽晢閲忚В鍐崇殑绛栫暐鍜屾柟娉曘��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e184">2.鍏ュ洯銆佺鍥殑鏃舵満</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀瑕佹姄浣忓叆鍥�佺鍥殑鏃舵満锛屾湁璁″垝鍦颁笌瀹堕暱杩涜鎺ヨЕ鍜屾矡閫氾紝鎶婂辜鍎垮湪鍥殑鐐规淮杩涙鍜屽彉鍖栧憡璇夊闀匡紝浣垮闀垮強鏃朵簡瑙ｅ辜鍎垮湪鍥殑鎯呭喌銆傚鏁欏笀寤鸿瀹堕暱瀵瑰瀛愮殑杩涙缁欎簣琛ㄦ壃鍜岄紦鍔憋紝瀵瑰辜鍎垮嚭鐜扮殑闂锛屽拰瀹堕暱鍏卞悓鎵惧師鍥狅紝鏈夌洰鐨勫湴杩涜鏁欒偛銆傚闀垮拰鏁欏笀浜掗�氬辜鍎跨殑鎯呭喌锛屾湁鍒╀簬瀹堕暱鍜屾暀甯堝叧娉ㄥ辜鍎跨殑鍏磋叮鍜岀埍濂斤紝浠ヤ究瀵绘壘鍏卞悓鐨勮瘽棰樹笌骞煎効鑱婂ぉ銆佽璁猴紝鏈夋剰璇嗐�佹湁鐩殑鍦板彂灞曞辜鍎胯瑷�銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e185">3.瀹堕暱鈥滃紑鏀炬棩鈥�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 瀹堕暱鈥滃紑鏀炬棩鈥濇椿鍔ㄦ槸鎸囧辜鍎垮洯閭�璇峰闀挎潵骞煎効鍥弬瑙傛垨鍚銆傚湪瀹堕暱鈥滃紑鏀炬棩鈥濇椿鍔ㄤ腑锛屾暀甯堣璁╁闀夸互鏁欒偛鑰呯殑韬唤鍙備笌骞煎効鐨勫涔犮�佺敓娲绘椿鍔紝鍙戞尌浠栦滑鐙壒鐨勪綔鐢ㄣ�傛瘮濡傦紝骞煎効鍥彲浠ヤ妇琛屽闀夸笌骞煎効鐨勨�滃垎浜槄璇烩�濇椿鍔ㄦ潵鎻愰珮骞煎効鐨勮瑷�鑳藉姏锛屽闀垮拰骞煎効涓�璧烽槄璇伙紝鏃㈣惀閫犱簡闃呰鐨勬皼鍥淬�佸煿鍏讳簡浜插瓙鎰熸儏锛屽張鍙戝睍浜嗗辜鍎跨殑璇█銆傝繕鍙互涓捐鈥滀箟宸ュ濡堬紙鐖哥埜锛夎鏁呬簨鈥濇椿鍔紝瀹堕暱鍒╃敤鑷繁鐨勯棽鏆囨椂闂存潵骞�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="239">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(239) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">232</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鍎垮洯璁叉晠浜嬶紝濡傛瀹堕暱鑳藉浜嗚В骞煎効璇█鍙戝睍鐨勬儏鍐碉紝骞煎効涔熸劅鍙楀埌浜嗙埗姣嶇殑鐖便��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e186">4.瀹堕暱浼氭矡閫�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鍙紑瀹堕暱浼氫篃鏄辜鍎垮洯涓庡搴繘琛屾矡閫氱殑涓�绉嶉噸瑕佸舰寮忥紝鏁欏笀鍙互鏈夋剰璇嗗湴缁勭粐璁ㄨ浼氬拰搴ц皥浼氾紝瀵逛簬骞煎効璇█鐨勫彂灞曟柟闈㈠彲浠ュ緛姹傚闀跨殑鎰忚锛屼簤鍙栧闀垮骞煎効鍥暀鑲插伐浣滅殑鏀寔锛屽彟澶栬繕鍙互鎸囧瀹堕暱涓哄辜鍎挎彁渚涗竴涓鏉俱�佽嚜鐢辩殑璇█瀛︿範鍜岃繍鐢ㄧ殑瀹跺涵鐜銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e187">5.瀹堕暱绾﹁皥</h5>
+ <p>
+ 瀹堕暱绾﹁皥鏄牴鎹辜鍎挎垚闀胯繃绋嬩腑鍑虹幇鐨勫洶鎵帮紝鏈夎鍒掋�佹湁缁勭粐鍦伴绾﹀闀匡紝杩涜鏈夌洰鐨勩�佹湁绛栫暐鐨勬矡閫氾紝浠ュ叡鍚屽鎵炬暀鑲茬瓥鐣ワ紝淇冭繘骞煎効鍋ュ悍鍙戝睍鐨勬矡閫氭柟寮忋�傚闀跨害璋堟湁鍒╀簬骞煎効涓�х殑鍙戝睍鍜屽闀夸釜鎬у寲闇�姹傜殑婊¤冻銆傝繖瑕佹眰鏁欏笀蹇呴』璇︾粏浜嗚В骞煎効鎴愰暱涓殑鍏抽敭闂锛屽敖蹇冨噯澶囦笌瀹堕暱绾﹁皥鐨勭幆鑺傚拰缁嗚妭锛屾彁楂樹笌瀹堕暱绾﹁皥鐨勬晥鑳斤紝浣跨害璋堝伐浣滃湪骞煎効鐨勬垚闀垮拰璇█鍙戝睍鏂归潰璧峰埌绉瀬鐨勪綔鐢ㄣ��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d184">锛堜簩锛夐棿鎺ユ矡閫�</h4>
+ <h5 id="e188">1.涔﹂潰褰㈠紡娌熼��</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀鍙互璁捐涓�浜涗笓棰樺紡鎴栬�呮湁鐗圭偣鐨勫鍥功闈㈣仈绯绘柟寮忥紝濡傚鍥姤鏍忋�佸鍥箣绐椼�佸鍥箣妗ョ瓑锛屽姞寮哄闀垮骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛鐩爣銆佸唴瀹圭瓑鐨勭悊瑙ｏ紝鏀堕泦瀹堕暱瀵瑰辜鍎垮洯璇█鏁欒偛鏂归潰鐨勫缓璁拰鎰忚绛夛紝杩樺彲浠ユ妸骞煎効鍦ㄥ洯閲岃瑷�鏂归潰鐨勪綔鍝侊紝濡傚辜鍎跨殑灏忕瑧璇濄�佸垱缂栫殑鏁呬簨绛夊紶璐村湪瀹跺洯鑱旂郴鏍忓唴銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 涔︿俊娌熼�氭湁鍒╀簬鏁欏笀瀵规湁鐗规畩闇�瑕佺殑瀹堕暱杩涜涓埆鎸囧锛屾湁鍒╀簬鏁欏笀銆佸闀垮弻鏂瑰閭ｄ簺涓嶆柟渚垮綋闈氦娴佺殑闂杩涜浜ゆ祦锛屼互褰㈡垚鍏辫瘑鐨勬寚瀵煎舰寮忋�備緥濡傦紝鏁欏笀鍙互鍒╃敤鈥滃鍥悎浣滄墜鍐屸�濓紝瀹氭湡鍚戝闀夸粙缁嶅辜鍎垮湪璇█鍙戝睍鏂归潰鐨勬儏鍐碉紝瀹堕暱鍙嶉骞煎効鍦ㄥ搴腑鐨勮瑷�琛ㄧ幇锛岃繖绉嶆柟娉曡兘浣垮辜鍎垮洯鍜屽搴瘮杈冭缁嗗湴浜嗚В骞煎効鐨勮瑷�鍙戝睍鎯呭喌锛屾湁鍒╀簬瀹跺洯鍚堜綔锛屽叡鍚屽彂灞曞辜鍎跨殑璇█銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e189">2.鐢佃瘽娌熼��</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鐢佃瘽杩欎竴閫氫俊宸ュ叿鏄鍥仈绯荤殑绠�鎹烽�斿緞涔嬩竴锛岀數璇濊仈缁滀笉鍙楁椂闂淬�佸湴鐐圭殑闄愬埗锛屼笖杩呴�熴�佸強鏃躲�傚浜庨偅浜涗笉缁忓父鎺ラ�佸辜鍎跨殑瀹堕暱锛岀數璇濊仈绯诲彲浠ヨ瀹堕暱鍙婃椂浜嗚В骞煎効鍦ㄨ瑷�鏂归潰鐨勫彂灞曠姸鍐靛拰瀹堕暱搴旇鍋氬埌鐨勫府鍔╃瓥鐣ャ��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e190">3.缃戠粶娌熼��</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀鍜屽闀块兘鏄績杩涘辜鍎胯瑷�鍙戝睍鐨勪富浣擄紝鍙屾柟鍙互閫氳繃缃戠粶鐩镐簰浜嗚В銆侀厤鍚堛�佹敮鎸侊紝閫氳繃缃戠粶鐨勫嵆鏃舵�с�佹晱鎹锋�с�佸崗浣滀簰鍔ㄦ�х瓑鐗瑰緛锛屽疄鐜板辜鍎垮洯涓庡搴悓姝ュ骞煎効杩涜璇█鏁欒偛銆傜綉缁滀氦娴佺殑鏂瑰紡寰堝锛屼富瑕佸寘鎷辜鍎垮洯缃戠珯銆佺彮绾у崥瀹€�佸闀縌Q缇ゃ�佸闀垮井淇＄兢銆佸鏍￠�氱瓑褰㈠紡銆�
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c070">涓夈�佹寚瀵煎垱璁捐壇濂界殑瀹跺涵璇█鐜</h3>
+ <h4 id="d185">锛堜竴锛変繚鎶ゅ辜鍎跨殑鍙戦煶鍣ㄥ畼</h4>
+ <p>
+ 浜虹殑鍙戦煶鍣ㄥ畼鏄敱鍠夈�佸捊銆佸彛鑵斿拰榧昏厰绛夌粍鎴愮殑銆傚辜鍎跨殑鍙戦煶鍣ㄥ畼灏氭湭鍙戣偛鎴�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="240">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(240) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗節绔� 骞煎効鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓殑璇█鏁欒偛</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">233</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鐔燂紝瀹规槗鍙楀埌鎹熷锛屽闀垮湪鏃ュ父鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛涓紝瑕佹敞鎰忎繚鎶ゅ辜鍎跨殑鍙戦煶鍣ㄥ畼銆傝娉ㄦ剰淇濇寔鍙ｈ厰銆侀蓟鑵旂殑鍗敓锛屼互鍏嶅奖鍝嶅辜鍎跨殑鍙戦煶锛涜淇濇姢骞煎効澶撮儴涓嶅彈浼ゅ锛涙敞鎰忛闃茬柧鐥咃紝灏ゅ叾鏄槻姝㈡劅鍐掋�佽剳鐐庛�佷腑鑰崇値绛夌柧鐥咃紱娉ㄦ剰淇濇姢骞煎効鐨勫０甯﹀拰鍚鍣ㄥ畼锛屾垚浜轰笉瑕佸骞煎効璁茶瘽澹伴煶杩囧ぇ锛岃姹傚辜鍎夸笉瑕佸ぇ鍠婂ぇ鍙紝涓嶈甯﹀辜鍎垮幓鏈夊櫔澹扮殑鍦版柟鐜╋紝浠ュ厤鎹熶激骞煎効鐨勫惉瑙夊拰鍙戦煶鍣ㄥ畼銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d186">锛堜簩锛変娇鐢ㄨ鑼冭瑷�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 妯′豢鏄辜鍎垮涔犺瑷�鐨勪富瑕佹墜娈典箣涓�銆傚洜姝わ紝鐖舵瘝鍦ㄤ笌骞煎効鐨勪氦寰�涓竴瀹氳灏介噺璇存櫘閫氳瘽锛屼娇鐢ㄨ鑼冨寲鐨勮瑷�锛屽彂闊虫爣鍑嗭紝鐢ㄨ瘝鍑嗙‘锛屾枃鐞嗛�氶『锛岃〃鎯呰嚜鐒躲�備笉瑕佽鈥滃皬鍎胯鈥濓紝濡傗�滈キ楗�濃�滆溅杞︹�濃�滅悆鐞冣�濈瓑锛涗笉璇粹�滃弽璇�濓紝濡傗�滀竴浼氬効浣犲氨鎶婄帺鍏锋憯鍧忎簡锛屼綘鍙湡琛岋紒鈥濃�滄槸浣犲湪澧欓潰涓婁贡鐢荤殑鍚э紝浣犵湡鑳藉共锛佲�濈瓑锛岃繖浜涗护浜鸿垂瑙ｇ殑鍙嶈涓嶆槸浠庢闈㈡暀鑲插辜鍎匡紝涔熶笉鑳戒粠姝ｉ潰涓哄辜鍎挎爲绔嬭瑷�瀛︿範姒滄牱銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d187">锛堜笁锛夐噸瑙嗕笌骞煎効鐨勬矡閫氫氦娴�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 涓哄辜鍎垮垱璁句竴涓嚜鐢卞鏉剧殑璇█浜ゆ祦鐜锛屾敮鎸併�侀紦鍔卞辜鍎夸笌鐖舵瘝銆佸叾浠栦翰浜虹瓑杩涜浜よ皥锛屼綋楠岃瑷�浜ゆ祦鐨勪箰瓒ｏ紝鍙戝睍璇█浜ゆ祦鑳藉姏銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 涓庡辜鍎夸氦娴佹椂锛屽闀垮簲璇ラ鍏堟垚涓轰竴鍚嶅�惧惉鑰呫�傚敖绠″辜鍎挎湁鏃跺�欒〃杈句笉澶熻繛璐�佹竻鏅帮紝浣嗘槸瀹堕暱涓�瀹氫笉瑕侀殢鎰忔墦鏂辜鍎胯璇濓紝搴旈紦鍔卞辜鍎垮畬鏁村湴琛ㄨ揪鑷繁鎯宠鐨勫唴瀹癸紝浠ヤ績杩涘辜鍎胯瑷�琛ㄨ揪鑳藉姏鐨勫彂灞曪紝褰㈡垚骞煎効鑹ソ鐨勬儏鎰熷拰涓�с��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d188">锛堝洓锛夋彁渚涗赴瀵岀殑鍥句功锛岄噸瑙嗕翰瀛愰槄璇�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鍥剧敾涔︽槸鏈�閫傚悎骞煎効闃呰鐨勫浘涔︾绫讳箣涓�锛屽浘鐢讳功绉嶇被绻佸锛屾瀯鍥剧簿缇庯紝鍐呭鐢熷姩褰㈣薄锛屾兂璞＄┖闂村ぇ锛屾墍浠ユ繁鍙楀辜鍎跨殑鍠滅埍銆傞槄璇诲浘鐢讳功涓嶄粎鏄辜鍎垮搧鍛充汉鐗╁績鐞嗘椿鍔ㄣ�佸璇濄�佺嫭鐧界殑杩囩▼锛屼篃鏄辜鍎垮涔犺瑷�銆佷赴瀵岃瘝姹囥�佺粌涔犺〃杈剧殑鏃舵満銆傚闀块櫎浜嗚缁欏辜鍎挎彁渚涗赴瀵岀殑鍥句功涔嬪锛岃繕瑕佸拰骞煎効涓�璧烽槄璇汇�傜粯鏈苟涓嶆槸璁╁瀛愯嚜宸辫鐨勶紝鑰屽簲璇ョ敱澶т汉璇荤粰瀛╁瓙鍚�傝缁樻湰棣栧厛鎰忓懗鐫�锛屾鏃舵鍦板瀛愯兘鍜岀埗姣嶅湪涓�璧凤紝鍏卞悓鍒嗕韩缁樻湰杩欎竴鍏呮弧娆箰鐨勮瑷�涓栫晫锛屽叡鍚屾嫢鏈変粠涓幏寰楃殑鍠滄偊銆�<a
+ id="w7"
+ ></a
+ ><a href="chapter009.html#m7"><sup>[7]</sup></a
+ >鐖舵瘝鍜屽辜鍎垮垎浜浘涔︼紝涓嶄粎鍙互鎸囧骞煎効闃呰锛岃繕鍙互澧炶繘浜插瓙鎰熸儏銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d189">锛堜簲锛夊甯﹀辜鍎垮弬涓庣ぞ浼氱敓娲�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 绀句細鐢熸椿鏄瑷�鐨勬簮娉夛紝璇█涔熸渶缁堝湪绀句細鐢熸椿涓緱鍒板簲鐢ㄣ�傚闀胯鎶婂辜鍎胯瑷�瀛︿範涓庡辜鍎胯嚜韬殑绀句細鐢熸椿瀹炶返绱у瘑鑱旂郴璧锋潵銆傚彧鏈夎骞煎効澶氬弬涓庣ぞ浼氱敓娲伙紝鎵嶈兘寮曞彂骞煎効澶氳瀵燂紝澶氭劅鐭ワ紝澶氭帰绱紝澶氫綋楠岋紝澶氭�濊�冿紝澶氬幓浜ゆ祦鍜岃〃杈俱�傚闀胯鏈夋剰璇嗗湴甯﹀辜鍎垮弬涓庣ぞ浼氱敓娲伙紝涓板瘜骞煎効鐨勭敓娲诲唴瀹癸紝澧為暱鐭ヨ瘑锛屽紑闃旇閲庯紝璁╁辜鍎垮璧般�佸鐪嬨�佸鍚�佸璇达紝浠庤�屾彁楂樺辜鍎跨殑璇█浜ゆ祦鑳藉姏銆�
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m7"></a><a href="chapter009.html#w7">[7]</a>
+ 鏉惧眳鐩�.鎵撳紑缁樻湰涔嬬溂锛籑锛�.鏋楅潤锛岃瘧.娴峰彛锛氬崡娴峰嚭鐗堝叕鍙革紝2013锛�12.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="241">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(241) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">234</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">娲诲姩妗堜緥9-1</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-1">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-5" alt="" src="../../images/tb.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <b
+ >銆婄尗鍜岃�侀紶銆嬶紙澶х彮锛�<a id="w8"></a
+ ><a href="chapter009.html#m8"><sup>[8]</sup></a></b
+ >
+ </p>
+ <p><b>瀛︽儏鍒嗘瀽锛�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 鈥滃姩鐗╃帇鍥解�濇槸鎴戜滑鏈鏈熻繘琛岀殑涓昏涓婚娲诲姩涔嬩竴銆傝璧疯繖涓�涓婚锛屽瀛愪滑璋堣鏈�澶氱殑鏄姩鐢荤墖锛屼粬浠叴鑷村媰鍕冿紝鎵嬭垶瓒宠箞锛屼竴浼氬効妯′豢鍞愯�侀腑鍜岀背鑰侀紶锛屼竴浼氬効妯′豢鎳掓儼鐨勫姞鑿茬尗锛屼竴浼氬効鍙堝鐫�钃濈尗娣樻皵鈥︹�﹁�屼笖纰板埌娌℃湁瀵圭櫧鐨勫姩鐢荤墖锛屼粬浠張浼氭儏涓嶈嚜绂佸湴鐢ㄨ瑷�琛ㄦ紨鐫�銆佹ā浠跨潃锛屼负鐗囦腑鐨勮鑹查厤闊炽�傜湅鍒板瀛愪滑濡傛鍏村锛屾垜鑱旀兂鍒版棤瀵圭櫧鐨勫姩鐢荤墖銆婄尗鍜岃�侀紶銆嬶紝鐪嬬敾闈㈠垱缂栬鑹插鐧界殑绯诲垪璇█娲诲姩灏辫繖鏍疯癁鐢熶簡銆�
+ </p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩鐩爣锛�</b></p>
+ <p>锛�1锛夋劅鍙楀姩鐢荤墖鐨勫菇榛樹笌璇欒皭锛屼箰浜庡�惧惉鍚屼即鐨勮杩般��</p>
+ <p>锛�2锛夋効鎰忎笌鍚屼即鍚堜綔涓鸿鑹插垱缂栬瑷�銆�</p>
+ <p>锛�3锛夋暍浜庡ぇ鑳嗘兂璞★紝骞惰兘鐢ㄨ繛璐殑璇█璁茶堪鏁呬簨銆�</p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩鍑嗗锛�</b></p>
+ <p>銆婄尗鍜岃�侀紶銆嬪姩鐢荤鐗囥�佸濯掍綋瑙嗗惉璁惧銆佸姩鐗╁ご楗般��</p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩杩囩▼锛�</b></p>
+ <p>1.瀵煎叆</p>
+ <p>
+ 甯堬細鍙堝埌浜嗙湅鍔ㄧ敾鐗囩殑鏃堕棿浜嗭紝浠婂ぉ鑰佸笀缁欎綘浠甫鏉ヤ簡涓�閮ㄦ病鏈夊璇濈殑鍔ㄧ敾鐗囷紝鎯充竴璧锋潵鐪嬬湅鍚楋紵闆嗕綋娆ｈ祻涓�涓嬨��
+ </p>
+ <p>2.寮曞叆娲诲姩涓婚</p>
+ <p>
+ 甯堬細鍒氭墠鐪嬪姩鐢荤墖鐨勬椂鍊欙紝鑰佸笀鍙戠幇寰堝灏忔湅鍙嬬殑灏忓槾閮藉湪鈥滃挄鍣溾�濃�滃挄鍣溾�濈殑锛屾槸鍦ㄧ粰鍔ㄧ敾鐗囬厤闊筹紝瀵瑰悧锛熸兂璇曡瘯鍚楋紵閭ｅ氨鎵惧嚑涓皬浼欎即鐪嬬潃鐢婚潰涓�璧疯瘯璇曞惂锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>3.璁╁辜鍎夸互缁勪负鍗曚綅灏濊瘯閰嶉煶</p>
+ <p>锛�1锛夊辜鍎垮垎缁勫垵姝ュ皾璇曞垱缂栬鑹茶瑷�銆�</p>
+ <p>锛�2锛夋暀甯堝贰鍥炴寚瀵硷紝鑲畾骞煎効鐨勫垱鎰忋��</p>
+ <p>4.寮曞骞煎効鍒嗚妭鎺㈢┒</p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�1锛夌粍缁囧辜鍎垮垎鑺傝鐪嬪姩鐢伙紝鍚彂骞煎効澶ц儐鎯宠薄锛屼负鍚屼竴鎯呮櫙鍒涚紪澶氱瀵硅瘽銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 甯堬細鍒氭墠鑰佸笀鍚埌寰堝绮惧僵鐨勮鑹插鐧斤紝璋佹効鎰忕湅鐫�鐢婚潰灏嗕綘浠紪鐨勫鐧藉睍绀轰竴涓嬶紵
+ </p>
+ <p>锛�2锛夎瘎浠峰辜鍎跨殑琛ㄧ幇骞跺紩瀵煎辜鍎垮姩鑴戠瓔瑙ｅ喅閰嶉煶涓嚭鐜扮殑闂銆�</p>
+ <p>鈶犱粈涔堟椂鍊欏紑濮嬭瑙掕壊璇█鏈�濂斤紵</p>
+ <p>
+ 鈶℃�庝箞瑙ｅ喅鐢婚潰鎹簡銆佽鑹茶瑷�杩樻病鏈夎瀹岀殑闂锛燂紙璁╁辜鍎夸簡瑙ｉ厤闊充笌鐢婚潰瑕佸悓姝ワ級
+ </p>
+ <p>鈶㈡�庢牱璁╂墍鏈夌殑灏忔湅鍙嬮兘鍚埌浣犵殑绮惧僵閰嶉煶锛燂紙榧撳姳骞煎効澶ц儐琛ㄦ紨锛�</p>
+ <p>
+ 鈶ｆ湁鐨勫皬鏈嬪弸涓�涓汉涓哄涓鑹查厤闊冲ソ杈涜嫤锛屾�庝箞鍔烇紵锛堝惎鍙戝辜鍎夸笌鍚屼即鍚堜綔锛�
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m8"></a><a href="chapter009.html#w8">[8]</a>
+ 鏁欒偛閮ㄦ暀鑲茬鐞嗕俊鎭腑蹇冪粍.鍏ㄥ浗浼樼骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩璇句緥璇勬瀽锛籑锛�.閲嶅簡锛氳タ鍗楀笀鑼冨ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2011锛�192-194.鎺堣鏁欏笀锛氬北涓滄祹鍗楀競鑾辫姕瀹為獙骞煎効鍥嚂浜戦緳锛屾湁鍒犳敼.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="242">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(242) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗節绔� 骞煎効鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓殑璇█鏁欒偛</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">235</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>5.鍒嗚鑹查厤闊�</p>
+ <p>锛�1锛夊辜鍎胯嚜鐢辩粍鍚堝苟鍗忓晢鍒嗛厤瑙掕壊銆�</p>
+ <p>锛�2锛夋寜鐓ф晠浜嬫儏鑺傝繘琛屽悓姝ラ厤闊炽��</p>
+ <p>锛�3锛夋暀甯堢粰浜堟寚瀵硷紝榧撳姳骞煎効鍦ㄩ厤闊虫椂铻嶅叆鎰熸儏锛屽寮鸿瑷�鐨勭敓鍔ㄦ�с��</p>
+ <p>6.骞煎効鍒嗙粍涓烘晠浜嬮厤闊�</p>
+ <p>锛�1锛夐儴鍒嗗皬缁勮繘琛岄厤闊冲睍绀恒��</p>
+ <p>
+ 甯堬細鍒氭墠鎴戝惉鍒板嚑涓皬缁勯兘鍒涚紪鍑轰簡绮惧僵鐨勬瀛愶紝浣犱滑鎰挎剰灞曠ず缁欏ぇ瀹跺惉鍚悧锛熷摢涓�缁勬効鎰忓厛鏉ヨ瘯璇曪紵
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�2锛夋璧忔暀甯堥厤闊炽�傚辜鍎胯嚜鐢遍�夋嫨瑙掕壊锛岀畝鍗曡鎵悗妯′豢瑙掕壊鍔ㄤ綔锛岃繘琛屼笌鏁欏笀閰嶉煶涓�鑷寸殑琛ㄦ紨銆�
+ </p>
+ <p><b>娲诲姩寤朵几锛�</b></p>
+ <p>锛�1锛夊辜鍎垮湪瑙嗗惉瑙掕嚜鐢遍�夋嫨鍔ㄧ敾锛屽垱缂栧鐧藉苟杩涜閰嶉煶缁冧範銆�</p>
+ <p>锛�2锛夊皢骞煎効鐨勯厤闊冲綍鍒舵垚纾佸甫锛屼笌鍏夌鍚屾鎾斁锛岃骞煎効娆ｈ祻銆�</p>
+ <p>锛�3锛夋彁渚涙垚浜洪厤闊崇粡鍏镐綔鍝佺粰骞煎効娆ｈ祻銆�</p>
+ <div class="bk2">
+ <p class="center"><b>鏈珷灏忕粨</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 鐢熸椿鍗虫暀鑲诧紝骞煎効鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛璐┛浜庡辜鍎跨殑涓�鏃ョ敓娲讳箣涓紝鏈珷涓昏闃愯堪浜嗗辜鍎挎棩甯哥敓娲讳腑鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛銆傞鍏堬紝鏈珷鎬讳綋浠嬬粛浜嗘棩甯哥敓娲讳腑璇█鏁欒偛鐨勭壒鐐瑰拰鎰忎箟銆傚叾娆★紝闃愯堪浜嗘棩甯镐氦璋堢殑鍚箟銆佺壒鐐广�佺被鍨嬪拰鎰忎箟锛屽苟浠庢妸鎻℃椂鏈恒�佸垱璁炬儏澧冦�佸勾榫勭壒鐐圭瓑鏂归潰鎻愬嚭浜嗘棩甯镐氦璋堜腑鐨勮瑷�鎸囧瑕佺偣銆傚啀娆★紝闃愯堪浜嗗浘涔﹁銆佽鍚銆佽〃婕旇銆佽鑹插尯涓殑璇█鏁欒偛锛屼晶閲嶄簬姣忎釜鍖鸿鐨勫垱璁惧強鍏惰繘琛岃瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勬寚瀵艰鐐广�傛渶鍚庯紝鍦ㄥ鍥悎浣滆繘琛岃瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勭幆鑺傦紝闃愯堪浜嗗搴骞煎効瀹炴柦璇█鏁欒偛鐨勪紭鍔匡紝瀹跺洯杩涜璇█鏁欒偛鍚堜綔鐨勯�斿緞锛屼互鍙婂鍥悎浣滆繘琛岃瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勮鐐广��
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ <p><span class="zt-1">鍏抽敭鏈</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-8">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-3" alt="" src="../../images/tb-9.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">鏃ュ父鐢熸椿</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">鏃ュ父浜よ皥</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">娲诲姩鍖鸿</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">鍥句功瑙�</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">瑙嗗惉瑙�</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">琛ㄦ紨瑙�</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">瑙掕壊鍖�</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">瀹跺洯鍚堜綔</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ <span class="zt-2">鎬�</span><span class="zt-3">鑰�</span
+ ><span class="zt-2">棰�</span>
+ </p>
+ <div class="tp-9">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-6" alt="" src="../../images/tb-10.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p>1.鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勭壒鐐瑰強鎰忎箟鏄粈涔堬紵</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 2.浠�涔堟槸鏃ュ父浜よ皥锛熸棩甯镐氦璋堢殑鐗圭偣鏈夊摢浜涳紵鏃ュ父浜よ皥鐨勭被鍨嬪強鎰忎箟鏄粈涔堬紵
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="243">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(243) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">236</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>3.鏃ュ父浜よ皥涓殑璇█鎸囧瑕佺偣鏈夊摢浜涳紵</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 4.浠庡浘涔﹁銆佽鍚銆佽〃婕旇銆佽鑹插尯涓换閫変竴涓紝璋堜竴涓嬪浣曞埄鐢ㄥ尯瑙掓椿鍔ㄥ骞煎効杩涜璇█鏁欒偛銆�
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p>5.瀹跺洯鍚堜綔杩涜璇█鏁欒偛鐨勯�斿緞鏈夊摢浜涳紵</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj4">瀹炶缁冧範</span></p>
+ <p>
+ 1.鎵炬満浼氬拰骞煎効杩涜鏃ュ父浜よ皥锛岃褰曚氦璋堝唴瀹癸紝骞跺垎鏋愬湪浜よ皥涓骞煎効璇█鏈夋病鏈夎繘琛屾寚瀵硷紝鎶婃彙浜嗗摢浜涙寚瀵艰鐐癸紝鏈夊摢浜涙寚瀵兼剰涔夈��
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 2.浠庡浘涔﹁銆佽鍚銆佽〃婕旇銆佽鑹插尯涓换閫変竴涓尯瑙掕繘琛岃瀵燂紝璁板綍瑙傚療鍐呭锛堢幆澧冭缃�佹潗鏂欐姇鏀俱�佸尯瑙掕鍒欎互鍙婃暀甯堢殑鎸囧绛夛級锛屽苟鏍规嵁鎵�瀛︾煡璇嗚繘琛屽垎鏋愩��
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="left1">
+ <span class="zt-3">鎷�</span><span class="zt-2">灞�</span
+ ><span class="zt-3">闃�</span><span class="zt-2">璇�</span>
+ </p>
+ <div class="tp-10">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-6" alt="" src="../../images/tb-11.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 绉﹀厓涓滐紝鐜嬫槬鐕�.骞煎効鍥尯鍩熸椿鍔ㄦ柊璁猴細涓�绉嶇敓鎬佸鐨勮瑙掞蓟M锛�.鍖椾含锛氬寳浜笀鑼冨ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2008.
+ </p>
+ <p class="block">
+ 璇ヤ功鏄敱绉﹀厓涓滀富鎸侊紝鐜嬫槬鐕曠瓑浜哄弬涓庡紑灞曠殑娴欐睙鐪佹暀鑲插巺2005骞村害绉戠爺璇鹃鈥滃辜鍎垮洯鍖哄煙娲诲姩鐮旂┒锛氫竴绉嶇敓鎬佸鐨勮瑙掆�濈殑鐮旂┒鎴愭灉涔嬩竴銆傚湪鏈功涓紝浣滆�呭弬鑰冧簡璁稿涓撳瀛﹁�呯殑鐮旂┒鎴愭灉锛岃繕閫夊彇浜嗗ぇ閲忓疄楠屾渚嬶紝鐞嗚鎬у拰瀹炶返鎬х浉缁撳悎銆傝涔﹀骞煎効鍥尯鍩熸椿鍔ㄤ腑鏅亶鍏冲績鐨勭┖闂淬�佹潗鏂欍�佽鍒欍�佽瀵熴�佹寚瀵笺�佸垎浜氦娴併�佽瘎浠枫�佷簰鍔ㄧ瓑闂鎻愪緵浜嗙瓥鐣ョ爺绌躲��
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+</template>
+
+<script>
+import { getResourcePath } from "@/assets/methods/resources";
+export default {
+ name: "chapter009",
+ props: {
+ showPageList: {
+ type: Array,
+ },
+ resourceList: {
+ type: Object,
+ },
+ },
+ data() {
+ return {
+ chapter004: {},
+ videoUrl: {},
+ videoMd5: {
+ v80: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[48],
+ name: "灏忕彮鍚娓告垙锛氬府濡堝涔颁笢瑗�",
+ },
+ v81: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[49],
+ name: "灏忕彮鍚娓告垙锛氬皬楦″悆涓滆タ",
+ },
+ v82: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[50],
+ name: "涓彮鍚娓告垙锛氬▋濞冨閲屾湁浠�涔�",
+ },
+ v83: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[51],
+ name: "灏忕彮鍚娓告垙锛氬敱姝屾瘮璧�",
+ },
+ v84: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[52],
+ name: "灏忕彮鍚娓告垙锛氳皝鏉ヤ簡",
+ },
+ v85: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[53],
+ name: "灏忕彮鍚娓告垙锛氬皬鍔ㄧ墿鐖卞悆鐨勯鐗�",
+ },
+ v86: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[54],
+ name: "涓彮鍚娓告垙锛氱豢鍙惰埞",
+ },
+ v87: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[56],
+ name: "浣撹偛娓告垙锛氬洓瀛ｅ崰鍦�",
+ },
+ v88: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[57],
+ name: "闊充箰娓告垙锛氬皬楦熷拰澶ц薄",
+ },
+ v89: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[58],
+ name: "鎴峰娲诲姩锛氳嵎鑺卞効鍑犳湀寮�",
+ },
+ },
+ showAnswer3: false,
+ showAnswer2: false,
+ showAnswer1: false,
+ };
+ },
+ methods: {
+ async getVideo(md5, val) {
+ const data = await getResourcePath(md5);
+ this.videoUrl[val] = data;
+ },
+ setBookQuestion() {
+ this.$emit("setBookQuestion", this.chapter004);
+ },
+ },
+ mounted() {
+ for (let key in this.videoMd5) {
+ this.getVideo(this.videoMd5[key].md5, key);
+ }
+ console.log(this.videoUrl);
+ },
+};
+</script>
diff --git a/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter010.vue b/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter010.vue
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d0df93d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/chapter010.vue
@@ -0,0 +1,1103 @@
+<template>
+ <div class="chapter" num="11">
+ <div class="page-box" page="244">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(244) > -1">
+ <div class="bodystyle" style="padding-top: 508px">
+ <h1 id="a013">
+ <img class="img-0 coverImg" alt="" src="../../images/z10.jpg" />
+ </h1>
+ <h6>瀛︿範鐩爣鈻�</h6>
+ <p>1.浜嗚В骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛璇勪环鐨勪綔鐢ㄤ笌鍘熷垯銆�</p>
+ <p>2.鎺屾彙骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛璇勪环鐨勫唴瀹广��</p>
+ <p>3.鑳藉缁撳悎骞煎効鍥殑鏁欏瀹為檯瀵瑰辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛杩涜璇勪环銆�</p>
+ <h6>瀛︿範瀵煎浘鈻�</h6>
+ <p class="center openImgBox">
+ <img
+ class="img-b"
+ style="width: 100%"
+ alt=""
+ src="../../images/0257-1.jpg"
+ />
+ </p>
+ <h6>瀵煎叆妗堜緥鈻�</h6>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄤ竴娆¤瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勫叕寮�璇句笂锛屽垬鑰佸笀涓哄ぇ瀹跺睍绀虹殑鏄腑鐝槄璇绘椿鍔ㄢ�滃皬鍏斿嚭璧扳�濄�傚ス璁惧畾浜嗗涓嬬洰鏍囷細鈶犺瀵熷苟鐞嗚В鐢婚潰锛屾暍浜庡ぇ鑳嗘兂璞″苟琛ㄨ揪鑷繁鐨勭湅娉曪紱鈶′簡瑙ｅ嚑绉嶅姩鐗╁吀鍨嬬殑鐢熸椿鐗瑰緛锛涒憿鐭ラ亾绂诲鍑鸿蛋鏄笉瀵圭殑锛屾劅鍙楃埗姣嶅瀛愬コ鏃犵鐨勭埍锛屽浼氳〃杈剧埍銆傛椿鍔ㄤ竴寮�濮嬶紝鍒樿�佸笀鍏堝紩瀵煎辜鍎胯璇嗕簡鐔娿�侀笩銆佸皬鐚�佹按鐛�佽潤铦犲拰鑷棘锛岀劧鍚庡悜骞煎効璁茶堪灏忓厰绂诲鍑鸿蛋鐨勬晠浜嬨�傞殢鐫�鏁呬簨鎯呰妭鐨勫睍寮�锛屽垬鑰佸笀寮曞骞煎効鐢ㄢ�滄垜涓嶆兂鍋氣�︹�︽垜鎯冲仛涓�鍙�︹�︹�濈殑鍙ュ瀷鏉ヨ繘琛岃〃杩颁粬纰板埌鐨勭唺銆侀笩銆佸皬鐚�佹按鐛�佽潤铦犮�佽嚟榧瓑銆傛晠浜嬭瀹屽悗锛屽垬鑰佸笀閫氳繃鎻愰棶寮曞骞煎効浣撻獙鍜屾劅鍙椾翰鎯呫�傛渶鍚庢暀甯堝拰骞煎効涓�璧疯烦鍏斿瓙鑸炪��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 娲诲姩缁撴潫鍚庣殑鍥唴鏁欑爺鐜妭锛屾暀甯堜滑绾风悍瀵瑰垬鑰佸笀寮�灞曠殑娲诲姩杩涜鐐硅瘎锛氭湁鐨勮鍒樿�佸笀鏁欐�佸ソ锛屾湁鐨勮鍒樿�佸笀鐩爣璁惧畾濂斤紝鏈夌殑璇村垬鑰佸笀涓庡辜鍎跨殑浜掑姩闈炲父濂斤紝涔熸湁鐨勮鍒樿�佸笀闇�瑕佹洿澶氬湴鍏虫敞涓嶅彂瑷�鐨勫辜鍎库�︹��
+ </p>
+ <p><br /></p>
+ <p>
+ 涓轰粈涔堣瀵瑰辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛灞曞紑璇勪环锛熷叧浜庡辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛璇勪环锛屾垜浠簲璇ラ噸鐐瑰叧娉ㄥ摢浜涘唴瀹癸紵鍦ㄨ瘎浠风殑杩囩▼涓簲璇ラ伒寰摢浜涘師鍒欏拰鏂规硶锛熻鎴戜滑甯︾潃杩欎簺闂涓�璧锋潵瀛︿範鏈珷鐨勫唴瀹瑰惂銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="245">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(245) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">238</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <h2 id="b025">绗竴鑺傘��骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛璇勪环鐨勪綔鐢ㄤ笌鍘熷垯</h2>
+ <p>
+ 銆婂辜鍎垮洯鏁欒偛鎸囧绾茶锛堣瘯琛岋級銆嬫槑纭寚鍑猴紝鏁欒偛璇勪环鏄辜鍎垮洯鏁欒偛宸ヤ綔鐨勯噸瑕佺粍鎴愰儴鍒嗭紝鏄簡瑙ｆ暀鑲茬殑閫傚疁鎬с�佹湁鏁堟�э紝璋冩暣鍜屾敼杩涘伐浣滐紝淇冭繘姣忎竴涓辜鍎垮彂灞曪紝鎻愰珮鏁欒偛璐ㄩ噺鐨勫繀瑕佹墜娈点�傝瘎浠风殑杩囩▼锛屾槸鏁欏笀杩愮敤涓撲笟鐭ヨ瘑瀹¤鏁欒偛瀹炶返锛屽彂鐜般�佸垎鏋愩�佺爺绌躲�佽В鍐抽棶棰樼殑杩囩▼锛屼篃鏄叾鑷垜鎴愰暱鐨勯噸瑕侀�斿緞銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 浠庛�婄翰瑕併�嬫墍鍊″鐨勮瘎浠锋�濇兂鍑哄彂锛屾垜浠涓猴紝骞煎効鍥暀鑲茶瘎浠锋槸鍦ㄤ竴瀹氱殑鏁欒偛浠峰�艰鐨勬寚瀵间笅锛屼緷鎹竴瀹氱殑鏍囧噯涓庣▼搴忥紝瀵瑰辜鍎垮洯鐨勬暀鑲插伐浣滆繘琛岀瀛﹁皟鏌ワ紝鍋氬嚭浠峰�煎垽鏂殑杩囩▼銆傚叿浣撳埌璇█鏁欒偛棰嗗煙鏉ョ湅锛岀洰鍓嶆垜鍥界殑骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛璇勪环锛屽己璋冩妸璇█鏁欒偛浣滀负涓�涓暣浣撴潵璇勪环锛屽寘鎷粠骞煎効璇█鍙戝睍鐨勭姸鍐垫潵璇勪环鏁欒偛鏁堟灉锛屼互鍙婂璇█鏁欒偛鏁翠綋鐨勫悇涓儴鍒嗗強鍏剁浉浜掑叧绯荤殑鍒嗘瀽鍜屽垽鏂潵璇勪环鏁欒偛鏁欏杩囩▼鐨勫疄闄呰繍琛岀姸鍐点�傚彲瑙侊紝骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛璇勪环锛屽嵆鏀堕泦鏁欒偛娲诲姩绯荤粺鍚勬柟闈㈢殑淇℃伅锛屽苟渚濇嵁涓�瀹氱殑瀹㈣鏍囧噯瀵瑰辜鍎胯瑷�鍙戝睍鐘跺喌鍜屽辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛杩囩▼銆佸唴瀹广�佹柟娉曘�佹晥鏋滅瓑鍋氬嚭瀹㈣鐨勮 閲忓拰绉戝鐨勫垽瀹氱殑杩囩▼銆�
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c071">涓�銆佸辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛璇勪环鐨勪綔鐢�</h3>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛璇勪环鏄辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩杩囩▼涓竴涓笉鍙垨缂虹殑缁勬垚閮ㄥ垎锛屽畠寮曞銆佽皟鑺傚拰鎺у埗鐫�鏁翠釜璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩杩囩▼锛屼娇涔嬫湞鐫�璇█鏁欒偛鐨勯鏈熺洰鏍囧墠杩涳紝浠庤�屼績杩涘辜鍎胯瑷�鑳藉姏鐨勫彂灞曘�傚叿浣撴潵璇达紝骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛璇勪环鍦ㄨ瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩涓叿鏈変互涓嬩綔鐢ㄣ��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d190">锛堜竴锛夎瘖鏂綔鐢�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 璇婃柇鏄辜鍎垮洯鏁欒偛璇勪环鐨勫熀纭�銆傚湪骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛璇勪环娲诲姩涓紝閫氳繃瀵规敹闆嗗埌鐨勪俊鎭繘琛屾暣鐞嗐�佸垎鏋愶紝鍙互浜嗚В骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩瀹炴柦鐨勫叿浣撴儏鍐碉紝鍙婃椂鍙戠幇涓庨璁剧洰鏍囦箣闂寸殑宸窛锛屾煡鏄庡瓨鍦ㄧ殑闂锛屼粠鑰屼负杩涗竴姝ユ敼杩涙椿鍔ㄣ�佷績杩涘辜鍎胯瑷�鐨勫彂灞曟彁渚涘垏瀹炰緷鎹��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 閫氳繃璇勪环锛屽彲浠ヨ瘖鏂辜鍎垮湪璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩杩囩▼涓墍琛ㄧ幇鍑烘潵鐨勮瑷�鍙戝睍鐨勬暣浣撶姸鍐碉紝浠ヤ究鏁欏笀鍑嗙‘鎶婃彙骞煎効璇█鍙戝睍鐨勭壒鐐癸紱鍙互璇婃柇骞煎効鍦ㄥ涔犺瑷�鏃跺湪鐭ヨ瘑缁忛獙鍜岃兘鍔涙妧鑳戒笂鐨勫噯澶囩▼搴︿互鍙婂凡鏈夌殑璇█鍙戝睍姘村钩锛屽府鍔╂暀甯堟槑纭辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勭洰鏍囧拰鍐呭锛涘彲浠ヨ瘖鏂辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勫疄闄呮晥鏋滐紝寮曞鏁欏笀鍙婃椂鍙戠幇涓庨瀹氱洰鏍囦箣闂寸殑宸窛銆佽嚜韬暀瀛﹁涓虹殑涓嶈冻锛屾槑纭姫鍔涚殑鏂瑰悜锛屾彁楂樻暀鑲叉晥鏋滐紱杩樺彲浠ヨ瘖鏂辜鍎垮湪璇█鏂归潰鐨勫叴瓒ｃ�佽瑷�鑳藉姏绛夋柟闈㈢殑宸紓锛屼互渚挎暀甯堝埗瀹氱殑璇█鏁欒偛璁″垝鏃㈣兘婊¤冻骞煎効璇█鏅亶鍙戝睍鐨勯渶瑕侊紝鍙堜究浜庝釜鍒寲鏁欒偛鍜岃緟瀵笺��
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="246">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(246) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗崄绔� 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛璇勪环</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">239</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 瑕佸彂鎸ュ辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛璇勪环鐨勮瘖鏂綔鐢紝灏辨棦瑕佺啛鎮夎瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩锛屽張瑕佹憜鑴辩粡楠岀殑妗嗘灦锛屾瘡涓�娆＄殑璇勪环锛岄兘瑕佸叿浣撲簡瑙ｈ瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勫悇绉嶄俊鎭紝骞惰鐪熷垎鏋愶紝鎵嶈兘瀵硅繖涓�鍏蜂綋鐨勩�佺壒瀹氱殑璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鍋氬嚭鍏ㄩ潰鐨勩�佸垏鍚堝疄闄呯殑璇婃柇銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d191">锛堜簩锛夊鍚戜綔鐢�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 瀵煎悜浣滅敤鏄寚骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛璇勪环鍙互寮曞骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛瀹炶返鏈濈潃鐞嗘兂鐩爣鍓嶈繘鐨勫姛鏁堝拰鑳藉姏銆傚辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛璇勪环鏄緷鎹竴瀹氱殑浠峰�艰蹇碉紝灏嗗辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勫疄璺典笌璇勪环鏍囧噯杩涜姣旇緝鍜屽垽鏂殑杩囩▼銆傝瘎浠锋爣鍑嗘槸瀵圭悊鎯崇殑銆佷紭璐ㄧ殑骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勬弿缁橈紝鍥犳锛屾湁鐩稿簲鐨勮瘎浠锋爣鍑嗗拰鍐呭锛屾暀甯堝氨浼氭洿鍔犲叧娉ㄨ繖涓柟闈㈢殑宸ヤ綔锛屽悜鐫�鐞嗘兂鐨勬柟鍚戝姫鍔涖�傝瘎浠�涔堛�佹�庝箞璇勶紝灏嗘湁鍔涘湴寮曞鏁欏笀鍦ㄥ辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鏁欏宸ヤ綔涓仛浠�涔堛�佹�庝箞鍋氥�傝繖浜涜瘎浠风殑鍐呭銆佹爣鍑嗭紝瀵瑰辜鍎垮洯鏁欏笀鏉ヨ锛岃捣鐫�鈥滄寚鎸ユ鈥濈殑浣滅敤锛屽彂鎸ョ潃瀵煎悜鍔熻兘銆備緥濡傦紝鍦ㄨ瘎浠锋暀甯堢粍缁囩殑璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鏃讹紝骞煎効鑳藉涓诲姩鍦板�惧惉鍜岃〃杈炬槸鏍囧噯涔嬩竴锛岃繖涓�鏍囧噯灏卞紩瀵兼暀甯堝湪鏁欏娲诲姩涓厖鍒嗗湴缁欎簣骞煎効琛ㄨ揪鑷繁鎯虫硶鍜屾効鏈涚殑鏈轰細锛屽悓鏃跺浼氬�惧惉鍏朵粬灏忔湅鍙嬬殑璇濊銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 涓轰簡鏇村ソ鍦板彂鎸ュ辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛璇勪环鐨勫鍚戜綔鐢紝鏁欏笀鍙互渚濇嵁銆�3锝�6宀佸効绔ュ涔犱笌鍙戝睍鎸囧崡銆嬨�婂辜鍎垮洯鏁欒偛鎸囧绾茶锛堣瘯琛岋級銆嬩互鍙�3锝�6宀佸辜鍎胯瑷�瀛︿範鐨勭壒鐐圭瓑鍒跺畾绉戝鍚堢悊鐨勬暀鑲茶瘎浠锋寚鏍囦綋绯诲拰瀹㈣鏈夋晥鐨勮瘎浠风▼搴忥紝璁捐鎭板綋鐨勮瑷�璇勪环鐨勫唴瀹癸紝浠庤�屼娇璇勪环鐪熸鍙戞尌寮曞骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛瀹炶返鏈濆悜姝ｇ‘鐨勬柟鍚戝彂灞曠殑浣滅敤銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d192">锛堜笁锛変績杩涗綔鐢�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛璇勪环鏈�閲嶈鐨勫姛鑳藉氨鏄敼杩涘辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛宸ヤ綔锛屼績杩涘辜鍎胯瑷�鑳藉姏鐨勫彂灞曞拰鏁欏笀鍙戝睍锛屾彁鍗囧辜鍎垮洯鏁欒偛璐ㄩ噺銆傛暀鑲茶瘎浠凤紝鑳戒績杩涙暀甯堜负瀹炵幇骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐨勭洰鏍囪�屼笉鏂敼杩涘拰瀹屽杽琛屽姩銆傚鏋滄暀甯堣兘鍋氬埌鍦ㄨ瑷�鏁欒偛杩囩▼涓粏鑷磋瀵熶笌璇勪环锛屽氨鍙互鍙婃椂寮哄寲姝ｇ‘鐨勩�佹湁鍒╀簬鏁欒偛鐩爣瀹炵幇鐨勬暀鑲茶涓猴紝鍙婃椂璋冩暣鍜岀煫姝ｄ笉鑹殑銆佷笉鍒╀簬瀛﹀墠鏁欒偛鐩爣瀹炵幇鐨勬暀鑲茶涓猴紝浠庤�岃皟鏁存暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄥ拰宸ヤ綔锛屼績浣挎暀鑲叉暀瀛﹁兘鍔涗笉鏂彂灞曞拰瀹屽杽銆備粠鐭湡鎯呭喌鏉ョ湅锛屾暀甯堝湪骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛涓繘琛岃瀵熻褰曚笌璇勪环锛屽彲鑳戒細澧炲姞鏁欏笀鐨勫伐浣滆礋鎷咃紱浠庨暱杩滃彂灞曟潵鐪嬶紝寮�灞曟暀鑲茶瀵熶笌璇勪环娲诲姩涓嶄粎鑳借鏁欏笀鎵惧埌鏈�閫傚疁鐨勬暀瀛︽柟娉曪紝杩樿兘澧炲己瀵瑰辜鍎胯瑷�瀛︿範鐨勮璇嗗拰浜嗚В锛屾湁鍒╀簬淇冭繘鏁欏笀鐨勪笓涓氬彂灞曘��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛璇勪环淇冭繘浣滅敤鑳藉惁鍏呭垎鍙戞尌锛屽彇鍐充簬鏁欏笀鍦ㄨ瘎浠锋椂鏄惁鏃㈤噸瑙嗙粨鏋滐紝鍙堥噸瑙嗚繃绋嬪拰鏉′欢銆傚彧鏈夐噸瑙嗗鏁欒偛杩囩▼鐨勮瘎浠峰垎鏋愶紝鎵嶈兘绉戝鍦拌В閲婄粨鏋溿�佹�荤粨缁忛獙銆佹壘鍑洪棶棰橈紝浠庤�屼娇鏁欒偛璇勪环鐨勪績杩涘彂灞曞姛鑳藉緱鍒版渶澶ч檺搴﹀湴浣撶幇銆�
+ </p>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj2">鐩稿叧閾炬帴</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-5">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="../../images/tb-5.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center">
+ <span class="zt-ls1"
+ >骞煎効鍥暀鑲茶川閲忚瘎浠风殑鏀硅繘鍔熻兘鍙婂叾瀹炵幇<a id="w1"></a
+ ><a href="chapter010.html#m1"><sup>[1]</sup></a></span
+ >
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏀硅繘鏄辜鍎垮洯鏁欒偛璐ㄩ噺璇勪环鐨勪富瑕佸姛鑳戒箣涓�锛屽畠鏄寚鍦ㄦ敹闆嗐�佹暣鐞嗗拰鍒嗘瀽淇℃伅
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m1"></a><a href="chapter010.html#w1">[1]</a>
+ 鍒橀湠.骞煎効鍥暀鑲茶川閲忚瘎浠风殑鍔熻兘鍙婂叾瀹炵幇[J].鏃╂湡鏁欒偛锛�2014锛�6锛�.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="247">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(247) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">240</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 璧勬枡鐨勫熀纭�涓婏紝瀵瑰辜鍎垮洯鏁欒偛鐨勫瑙傛儏鍐碉紝鐗瑰埆鏄墍瀛樺湪鐨勯棶棰樿繘琛岃瘖鏂紝涓哄叾杩涗竴姝ョ殑鏀硅繘鎻愪緵鏀寔锛屽府鍔╁叾瀵绘壘澧炲�肩殑閫斿緞鍜屾柟娉曘�傛濡傛嘲鍕掓墍璇达細璇勪环鐨勭洰鐨勪笉鍦ㄤ簬璇佹槑锛岃�屽湪浜庢敼杩涖�傛垜鍥藉悇鍦版暀鑲茶鏀块儴闂ㄥ湪缁勭粐骞煎効鍥瓑绾ц瘎浼版椂锛岃瘎浼扮粍鏈�鍚庡弽棣堢粰骞煎効鍥殑鎰忚澶у鍖呮嫭鈥滃瓨鍦ㄧ殑涓昏闂涓庢敼杩涘伐浣滅殑寤鸿鈥濓紝杩欏疄闄呬笂灏辨槸鍦ㄥ彂鎸ヨ瘎浠峰垽鏂姛鑳界殑鍩虹涓婏紝瀵瑰辜鍎垮洯涓嬩竴姝ュ浣曟敼杩涘悇鏂归潰宸ヤ綔鎻愪緵寤鸿銆傜敱姝ゅ彲瑙侊紝璇勪环鐨勬敼杩涘姛鑳芥彮绀轰簡璇勪环涓庢敼闈╄鑴夌浉渚濈殑瀵嗗垏鍏崇郴銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鐜颁唬鏁欒偛璇勪环鐨勫疄鏂斤紝涓�鑸垎涓洪璇勪环鍜屽啀璇勪环涓ゆ锛屾妸璇勪环鐨勫疄鏂借繃绋嬪垎涓鸿繖涓ゆ锛屾槸鎻愰珮璇勪环娲诲姩璐ㄩ噺锛屽厖鍒嗗彂鎸ヨ瘎浠蜂綔鐢ㄧ殑閲嶈鎺柦銆傚湪骞煎効鍥暀鑲茶川閲忚瘎浠蜂腑锛岄璇勪环涓昏鎸囧辜鍎垮洯鑷瘎锛屽嵆骞煎効鍥緷鎹瘎浠锋爣鍑嗗鑷韩鎵�鍋氱殑浠峰�煎垽鏂紱鍐嶈瘎浠蜂富瑕佹槸瀹炲湴璇勪及锛屼竴鑸槸鐢辨暀鑲茶鏀夸富绠￠儴闂ㄥ娲捐瘎浼扮粍渚濇嵁璇勪环鏍囧噯瀵瑰辜鍎垮洯鎵�瀹炴柦鐨勮瘎浠枫�傚湪骞煎効鍥暀鑲茶川閲忚瘎浠风殑瀹炴柦姝ラ涓婏紝鍚勭渷甯傚熀鏈兘閲囩敤浜嗗辜鍎垮洯鑷瘎涓庡疄鍦拌瘎浼扮浉缁撳悎鐨勬柟寮忋�備絾鏄紝鍦ㄥ疄闄呰瘎浠锋椿鍔ㄤ腑锛屽辜鍎垮洯鑷瘎甯稿父娴佷簬琛ㄩ潰锛屼笖寰�寰�鏄负瀹炲湴璇勪及鏈嶅姟鐨勩�傚湪琚瘎浼扮殑骞煎効鍥腑娴佽鈥滆瘎浼版湡闂磋劚灞傜毊锛岃瘎浼颁箣鍚庡枠鍙ｆ皵鈥濈殑璇存硶锛岃繖鐢熷姩鍦拌鏄庝簡骞煎効鍥嚜璇勫拰瀹炲湴璇勪及鍦ㄨ瘎浠峰疄鏂戒腑鐨勫湴浣嶃�傚彂鎸ュ辜鍎垮洯鏁欒偛璐ㄩ噺璇勪环鐨勬敼杩涘姛鑳斤紝蹇呴』鍋氬ソ骞煎効鍥暀鑲茶川閲忚嚜鎴戣瘎浠枫�傚湪瀹為檯宸ヤ綔涓紝閮ㄥ垎骞煎効鍥己涔忓紑灞曟暀鑲茶川閲忚嚜鎴戣瘎浠风殑鑳藉姏锛屽湪寮�灞曟暀鑲茶川閲忚嚜鎴戣瘎浠锋柟闈㈠瓨鍦ㄥ緢澶氱幇瀹炲洶闅撅紝杩欓渶瑕佹暀鑲茶鏀块儴闂ㄩ�氳繃涓诲姩缁勭粐銆佸鎵樹汉鍛樻垨鏈烘瀯鎸囧骞煎効鍥紑灞曡繖椤瑰伐浣溿�傝繖鏍凤紝涓嶄粎鑳戒娇骞煎効鍥寮鸿嚜鎴戣瘖鏂�佽嚜鎴戞敼杩涘拰鑷富鍙戝睍鐨勮兘鍔涳紝鑰屼笖涔熸湁鍔╀簬鏁欒偛琛屾斂閮ㄩ棬鍏ㄩ潰鎺屾彙骞煎効鍥暀鑲插彂灞曠殑杞ㄨ抗锛屼负绉戝鍜屽瑙傚湴鍒ゆ柇骞煎効鍥暀鑲茶川閲忓瀹氬熀纭�銆�
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c072">浜屻�佸辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛璇勪环鐨勫師鍒�</h3>
+ <p>
+ 鍘熷垯鏄汉浠浜嬬墿鐨勫瑙傝寰嬬殑璁よ瘑鍜屽弽鏄狅紝鏄汉鐨勮█琛屽繀椤婚伒瀹堢殑鍑嗗垯銆傛暀鑲茶瘎浠风殑鍘熷垯锛屾寚鐨勬槸鏁欒偛璇勪环涓讳綋鍦ㄨ繘琛屾暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄨ瘎浠锋椂蹇呴』閬靛惊鐨勬渶鍩烘湰鐨勮姹傘��<a
+ id="w2"
+ ></a
+ ><a href="chapter010.html#m2"><sup>[2]</sup></a
+ >骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鏄竴绉嶆湁鎰忚瘑鐨勪互褰卞搷骞煎効璇█鑳藉姏鍙戝睍涓虹洿鎺ョ洰鐨勭殑鏁欒偛娲诲姩銆傚湪寮�灞曞辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛璇勪环鏃讹紝蹇呴』鏄庣‘鍏跺熀鏈師鍒欙紝鍦ㄥ師鍒欑殑鎸囧涓嬪叿浣撳疄鏂姐�傚彧鏈夎繖鏍凤紝鎵嶈兘閬垮厤璇勪环宸ヤ綔鐨勭洸鐩�с�佷富瑙傞殢鎰忔�х瓑锛屼娇骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛璇勪环鐪熸瀹炵幇淇冭繘骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩璐ㄩ噺鎻愰珮銆佷績杩涙暀甯堢殑鎴愰暱鍜屽辜鍎胯瑷�鑳藉姏鐨勫彂灞曠殑鐩殑銆備负浜嗕娇璇█鏁欒偛璇勪环娲诲姩鍏呭垎鍙戞尌浣滅敤锛岄渶瑕侀伒寰互涓嬪師鍒欍��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d193">锛堜竴锛夊瑙傛�у師鍒�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 瀹㈣鎬у師鍒欐槸鎸囧湪寮�灞曞辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛璇勪环鏃讹紝蹇呴』浠庡瑙傜殑鏁欒偛瀹炶返鍑哄彂锛屽湪璇勪环鐨勫唴瀹逛笌鏍囧噯銆佽瘎浠风殑鏂规硶涓庣▼搴忋�佽瘎浠风粨鏋滅殑瑙ｉ噴绛夋柟闈紝瀹㈣鍦板弽鏄犺瘎浠峰璞＄殑鐗瑰緛锛屽噯纭湴鍋氬嚭浠峰�煎垽鏂�傚瑙傛�у師鍒欐槸杩涜鏁欒偛璇勪环鐨勫熀鏈師鍒欎箣涓�锛�
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m2"></a><a href="chapter010.html#w2">[2]</a>
+ 浣曡姍钃夛紝鑳￠櫟.瀛﹀墠鍎跨璇█鏁欒偛锛籑锛�.鎴愰兘锛氳タ鍗椾氦閫氬ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2013锛�177-178.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="248">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(248) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗崄绔� 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛璇勪环</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">241</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 涔熸槸骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩璇勪环鐨勬渶鍩虹鍘熷垯銆傚潥鎸佸瑙傛�у師鍒欐槸淇濊瘉璇勪环缁撴灉鐪熷疄銆佹湁鏁堢殑鍓嶆彁銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄨ瑷�鏁欒偛璇勪环娲诲姩涓伒寰瑙傛�у師鍒欙紝棣栧厛锛岃姹傝瘎浠疯�呭湪璇勪环杩囩▼涓鎸佸瑙傚叕姝ｇ殑鎬佸害锛屽皢璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鏈韩浣滀负璇勪环鐨勫浣擄紝鍋氬埌浠ヤ簨瀹炰负渚濇嵁锛屼互璇勪环鏍囧噯涓哄噯缁筹紱鍏舵锛岃姹傝瘎浠疯�呭繀椤昏鏈夌瀛﹀瑙傜殑璇勪环鏂规硶鍜屽伐鍏凤紝杩欎簺璇勪环鏂规硶鍜屽伐鍏锋棦鍙互鏄粡杩囧弽澶嶉獙璇佺殑鍏锋湁鑹ソ鐨勪俊搴﹀拰鏁堝害鐨勬祴閲忓伐鍏凤紝濡傜敤浜庢祴閲忓辜鍎胯瘝姹囩悊瑙ｈ兘鍔涚殑鐨崥杩浘鐗囪瘝姹囨祴楠岋紙Peabody
+ Picture Vocabulary
+ Test锛夛紝涔熷彲浠ユ槸浠ャ��3锝�6宀佸効绔ュ涔犱笌鍙戝睍鎸囧崡銆嬪強骞煎効璇█鍙戝睍鐨勫勾榫勭壒鐐瑰拰瑙勫緥绛変负鍙傜収鑷缂栧埗鐨勮瘎浠峰伐鍏凤紝鏃犺鏄摢涓�绫昏瘎浠峰伐鍏凤紝鍦ㄤ娇鐢ㄤ箣鍓嶉兘瑕佺‘淇濊瘎浠峰伐鍏风殑鏈夋晥鎬у拰閫傜敤鎬э紱鏈�鍚庯紝瑕佹眰璇勪环杩囩▼蹇呴』瑙勮寖锛岃瘎浠疯�呰浠ュ疄浜嬫眰鏄殑鎬佸害鏉ユ敹闆嗚瘎浠疯祫鏂欙紝閬垮厤鎺烘潅涓汉鎰熸�ц璇嗘垨鎯呯华鍥犵礌鐨勪富瑙傚垽鏂�傛澶栵紝鍦ㄥ疄鏂借瘎浠风殑杩囩▼涓紝璇勪环鑰呰瀹㈣鍏鍦板寰呰瘎浠峰璞★紝鍧氬喅閬垮厤鍥犱釜浜哄ソ鎭惰�屼娇璇勪环缁撴灉鍑虹幇鍋忓樊锛屼娇璇勪环娲诲姩澶卞幓鍘熸湰鐨勬剰涔夊拰浠峰�笺��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d194">锛堜簩锛夊叏闈㈡�у師鍒�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鍏ㄩ潰鎬у師鍒欙紝鏄寚鍦ㄥ骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩杩涜璇勪环鏃惰閫氳繃澶氱閫斿緞骞挎硾鏀堕泦鏈夊叧淇℃伅锛屽骞煎効璇█鍙戝睍銆佽瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩寮�灞曟儏鍐佃繘琛屽叏闈㈢殑浠峰�煎垽鏂�傛棦涓嶈兘鍙噸瑙嗗骞煎効璇█鍙戝睍鐨勪釜鍒柟闈㈠鈥滆鈥濊繘琛岃瘎浠凤紝涔熶笉鑳藉彧杩愮敤涓�绉嶆柟娉曟敹闆嗚瘎浠蜂俊鎭紝鑰屽舰鎴愮墖闈㈢殑浠峰�煎垽鏂��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛璇勪环鐨勫叏闈㈡�э紝棣栧厛鍙栧喅浜庤瘎浠锋寚鏍囩殑鍏ㄩ潰鎬э紝涔熷氨鏄锛屾瀯寤烘垨閫夋嫨鐨勮瘎浠锋寚鏍囦綋绯诲簲娑电洊骞煎効璇█鍙戝睍鐨勫悇涓柟闈紝鍏ㄩ潰鍙嶆槧骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐩爣鐨勮姹傦紝涓嶈兘鍘氭钖勫郊锛屾瘮濡傦紝铏界劧鈥滃�惧惉涓庤〃杈锯�濇槸骞煎効璇█鑳藉姏鍙戝睍涓潪甯搁噸瑕佺殑涓�椤瑰唴瀹癸紝浣嗘槸鈥滃�惧惉涓庤〃杈锯�濆苟涓嶆槸骞煎効璇█鍙戝睍鐨勫叏閮紝鏁欏笀鍦ㄨ瘎浠锋椂骞朵笉浠呴檺浜庡叧娉ㄥ辜鍎垮�惧惉涓庤〃杈捐兘鍔涚殑鍙戝睍姘村钩锛屸�滈槄璇讳笌涔﹀啓鍑嗗鈥濆悓鏍锋槸骞煎効璇█鑳藉姏鍙戝睍鐨勯噸瑕佺粍鎴愰儴鍒嗭紱鍏舵锛岃姹傝瘎浠疯�呯患鍚堣�冭檻骞煎効鍦ㄥ辜鍎垮洯涓庡搴腑鐨勮〃鐜帮紝鏀堕泦骞煎効鍦ㄤ笉鍚岀幆澧冦�佷笉鍚屾儏鏅�佷笉鍚屾儏缁姸鎬佷笅鐨勮瑷�璧勬枡锛屼互渚垮骞煎効鍋氬嚭鏇村姞鍏ㄩ潰鐨勮瘎浠凤紱鏈�鍚庯紝瑕佹眰鍦ㄥ骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩杩涜璇勪环鏃讹紝瑕佸璇█鏁欏涓洰鏍囩殑璁惧畾銆佸唴瀹圭殑閫夋嫨銆佹柟娉曠殑杩愮敤銆佸笀骞间簰鍔ㄧ殑璐ㄩ噺銆佹椿鍔ㄧ殑鏁堟灉绛夊悇涓柟闈㈣繘琛岃瘎浠枫��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d195">锛堜笁锛夊彂灞曟�у師鍒�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鍙戝睍鎬у師鍒欙紝鏄瘎浠疯�呰鎶婃彙瀵瑰辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛杩涜璇勪环鐨勬渶涓昏鐨勭洰鐨勶紝涓轰簡鏇村ソ鍦颁績杩涘辜鍎胯瑷�鐨勫涔犱笌鍙戝睍銆傚洜姝わ紝鍦ㄨ繘琛屽辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛璇勪环鏃讹紝璇勪环鑰呭簲璇ョ墷鍥烘爲绔嬩互鈥滃辜鍎夸负鏈�濈殑璇勪环瑙傦紝浠ュ辜鍎胯瑷�鍙戝睍涓烘牴鏈洰鐨勩��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛璇勪环鐨勫彂灞曟�т綋鐜板湪浠ヤ笅鍑犱釜鏂归潰銆傞鍏堬紝瑕佹眰璇勪环鑰呴�夌敤鐨勮瘎浠锋柟娉曞拰宸ュ叿搴斿叿鏈夎繛缁�с�佸彂灞曟�э紝涓嶅簲浠ヨ揪鍒版煇涓�骞撮緞闃舵鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛鐩爣涓洪檺搴︺�傝繖鏍凤紝鍙互浠庤瘎浠蜂腑鐪嬪嚭鍚屼竴骞撮緞闃舵涓辜鍎夸箣闂寸殑鍙戝睍宸紓锛屼究浜庢暀甯堟湁
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="249">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(249) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">242</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 閽堝鎬у湴杩涜鏁欒偛銆傚叾娆★紝瑕佹眰璇勪环鑰呭骞煎効璇█鐨勫彂灞曡繘琛屽姩鎬佽瘎浠枫�傛墍璋撳姩鎬佽瘎浠凤紝寮鸿皟鐨勬槸璇勪环鑰呭湪璇勪环杩囩▼涓�氳繃鍚戣璇勮�呮彁渚涗腑浠嬫敮鎸佷笌琚瘎鑰呭彂鐢熶簰鍔紝濡傝瘎浠疯�呭彲浠ラ�氳繃鏀瑰彉浠诲姟缁撴瀯銆佸憟鐜版柟寮忋�佹寚瀵艰浠ュ強鎻愪緵鎿嶄綔鏉愭枡鏉ラ檷浣庤瘎浠蜂换鍔＄殑闅惧害锛屼互姝ゅ府鍔╄璇勮�呭畬鎴愪换鍔°�傝繖绉嶅姩鎬佽瘎浠凤紝瀵逛簬鎴愰暱涓殑骞煎効鍏锋湁鏇村姞閲嶈鐨勬剰涔変笌浠峰�笺�傛渶鍚庯紝瑕佹眰璇勪环鑰呮潨缁濊瘎浠风殑闅忔剰鎬э紝瀵规暀甯堝紑灞曞辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勮瘎浠峰簲鏄粠鐩爣銆佸噯澶囥�佸唴瀹广�佽繃绋嬨�佺粨鏋滅瓑鏂归潰锛岀粡杩囧娆¤瀵熷悗杩涜鐨勪竴绉嶇患鍚堣�冮噺锛岃�屼笉鏄竴娆＄湅璇惧悗鐨勬晥鏋滃垎鏋愩�傝繖灏辫姹傚辜鍎垮洯搴斿缓绔嬪畬鍠勭殑璇勪环鍒跺害锛屾槑纭瘎浠风殑鏍囧噯锛屼负姣忎綅鏁欏笀寤虹珛璇勪环妗ｆ锛屼粠鑰岃瘎浠风湡姝ｅ彂鎸ヤ績杩涙暀甯堝彂灞曘�佹彁鍗囧辜鍎挎暀鑲茶川閲忕殑鐩殑銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d196">锛堝洓锛夊弬涓庢�у師鍒�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鍙備笌鎬у師鍒欙紝鏄寚鍦ㄥ辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛璇勪环涓紝鏁欏笀銆佸辜鍎裤�佸闀裤�佸洯闀跨瓑搴旇浣滀负璇勪环鐨勪富浣撳弬涓庡埌骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛璇勪环娲诲姩涓潵銆傜洰鍓嶏紝瀵瑰辜鍎垮彂灞曠殑璇勪环鏄互鏁欏笀涓鸿瘎浠蜂富浣撶殑锛屽鏁欏笀宸ヤ綔鐨勮瘎浠锋槸浠ュ閮ㄤ汉鍛樹负璇勪环涓讳綋鐨勶紝璇勪环涓讳綋鍗曚竴浣垮緱鏁欒偛杩囩▼鐨勫悇閲嶈褰撲簨浜哄弬涓庣▼搴︿笉澶燂紝闅句互璋冨姩鍏剁Н鏋佹�э紝鍥犺�屾湭鑳借捣鍒版暀鑲茶瘎浠峰簲鏈夌殑浣滅敤銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛璇勪环鐨勫弬涓庢�э紝棣栧厛瑕佹眰鍦ㄥ鏌愪竴鏁欒偛鐜拌薄杩涜璇勪环鏃讹紝灏藉彲鑳藉皢璇ユ暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄧ殑鍚勯噸瑕佸綋浜嬩汉褰撲綔璇勪环鐨勪富浣撱�傘�婄翰瑕併�嬪湪鈥滄暀鑲茶瘎浠封�濋儴鍒嗘彁鍑猴紝绠＄悊浜哄憳銆佹暀甯堛�佸辜鍎垮強鍏跺闀垮潎鏄辜鍎垮洯鏁欒偛璇勪环宸ヤ綔鐨勫弬涓庤�呫�傚辜鍎垮洯鏁欏笀鐩存帴鍙備笌骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勮瘎浠凤紝涓�鏂归潰鍙互鍙婃椂浜嗚В娲诲姩璁捐鍜岀粍缁囧疄鏂借繃绋嬩腑鐨勪笉瓒筹紝璁ㄨ鏀硅繘鐨勫姙娉曪紝涓嶆柇鎻愰珮璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩璁捐鍜岀粍缁囧疄鏂界殑鑳藉姏锛涘彟涓�鏂归潰鍙互閬垮厤璇勪环杩囩▼涓瘎浠疯�呭拰琚瘎浠疯�呬箣闂寸殑瀵圭珛鐜拌薄锛屼繚璇佹湁鏁堣揪鎴愯瘎浠风殑鐩殑銆傚弬涓庢�у叾娆¤閲嶈鑷垜璇勪环銆傚湪璇勪环骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鏃讹紝鏁欏笀鐨勮嚜璇勶紝鍙互浣挎暀甯堟洿娓呮櫚鍦板瑙嗚嚜宸辩粍缁囩殑娲诲姩锛屽府鍔╂暀甯堝缓绔嬪弽鐪佹剰璇嗭紝鏈夊姪浜庢暀甯堟敼杩涙暀鑲插疄璺碉紝淇冭繘涓撲笟鎴愰暱銆傚辜鍎胯嚜璇勶紝鑳藉淇冧娇骞煎効鏇寸Н鏋佸湴鎶曞叆瀛︿範杩囩▼銆傜幇瀹炰腑锛屾垚浜哄洜涓哄辜鍎垮勾榫勫皬锛岀己涔忕煡璇嗕笌缁忛獙锛屽線寰�蹇界暐骞煎効鐨勫弬涓庛�傚辜鍎胯櫧鐒剁己涔忕粡楠屽拰鑳藉姏锛屼絾鏄粬浠槸绉瀬涓诲姩鐨勪釜浣擄紝鏈夎嚜宸辩殑鍏磋叮涓庨渶瑕侊紝鏈夎嚜宸辩殑鎯呮劅涓庤鐐广�傚辜鍎夸綔涓哄辜鍎垮洯鏁欒偛鐨勪富瑕佺粡鍘嗚�咃紝浣滀负骞煎効鍥暀鑲茬殑涓昏鍒╃泭鐩稿叧鑰咃紝鏈夊繀瑕佷笖鏈夋潈鍒╁弬涓庡辜鍎垮洯鏁欒偛鐨勮瘎浠枫��
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk">
+ <div class="bk1">
+ <p><span class="bj2">骞煎効鍥暀甯堣祫鏍艰瘉鑰冭瘯路鐪熼鍐嶇幇</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-2">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="../../images/tb-1.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <ul
+ class="mr-0"
+ v-for="(item, index) in example[0].unit"
+ :key="'exampleOne' + index"
+ >
+ <li>锛堝崟閫夐锛墈{ item.txt }}銆�</li>
+ <li
+ class="inputChoice"
+ v-for="(citem, cindex) in item.option"
+ :key="cindex"
+ >
+ <label>
+ <input
+ type="radio"
+ :disabled="example[0].isComplete"
+ :name="item.txt"
+ :value="citem.value"
+ v-model="item.userAnswer"
+ @change="saveExample('exampleOne', example[0])"
+ />
+ <span>{{ citem.value }} . {{ citem.txt }}</span>
+ </label>
+ </li>
+ <li
+ v-if="example[0].isShowAnswer"
+ class="event-header-text-bc pd-5 fl jc-sa"
+ >
+ <span class="c-g"> 绛旀锛歿{ item.answer }}</span>
+ <span
+ :class="{ 'c-g': item.isRight, 'c-r': item.isRight == false }"
+ >鎮ㄧ殑绛旀锛歿{ item.userAnswer }}</span
+ >
+ <span class="icon-box-big fl al-c">
+ <svg
+ v-if="item.isRight"
+ t="1716986419862"
+ class="icon"
+ viewBox="0 0 1820 1024"
+ version="1.1"
+ xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
+ p-id="18767"
+ xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
+ width="40"
+ height="20"
+ >
+ <path
+ d="M1439.374222 216.007111s-169.472 56.490667-367.179852 282.443852C888.6044444 703.222519 846.241185 787.949037 775.632593 900.93037 768.568889 893.866667 662.651259 689.095111 380.207407 540.814222l148.290371-141.226666s134.162963 91.790222 225.953185 261.262222c0 0 233.016889-360.116148 684.923259-536.642371v91.799704z m0 0"
+ fill="#1AFA29"
+ p-id="18768"
+ ></path>
+ </svg>
+ <svg
+ v-if="item.isRight == false"
+ t="1716987085767"
+ class="icon"
+ viewBox="0 0 1024 1024"
+ version="1.1"
+ xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
+ p-id="25745"
+ xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
+ width="20"
+ height="20"
+ >
+ <path
+ d="M116.579135 38.64349531L38.703935 103.74399781c138.82075969 102.96027281 268.24660875 221.31426938 381.68489719 339.96758156C246.29374906 618.40145938 109.95003031 790.19602344 38.10817906 859.25288281l148.35573469 123.62658094c52.61360812-108.17625656 167.23381594-272.86683656 320.56281844-445.01635875 153.50744156 173.21056312 268.36844625 338.43166313 321.38977781 447.49243969 0 0 144.5682225-152.96636906 157.47435281-129.29729625-55.80632344-62.49011156-191.37776625-244.16501625-374.17990593-430.27403438 104.68422375-107.1132975 222.15274031-213.10127719 347.60304468-306.24740437L925.17746562 56.03842156C782.85412063 126.51895625 647.69328031 231.09093594 526.07845437 342.39755 403.34886594 226.82662719 264.46095125 116.16373719 116.579135 38.64349531L116.579135 38.64349531zM116.579135 38.64349531"
+ fill="#d81e06"
+ p-id="25746"
+ ></path>
+ </svg>
+ </span>
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ <div class="w100 fl ju-cn">
+ <ul class="fl ju-ev w80 choice">
+ <li>
+ <button
+ class="btn-border btn-w"
+ @click="goExample(example[0])"
+ >
+ 鎻愪氦
+ </button>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <button
+ @click="
+ changeExample(example[0], example[0].unit, 'exampleOne')
+ "
+ class="btn-border btn-w"
+ >
+ 閲嶅仛
+ </button>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <button
+ @click="example[0].isShowAnswer = !example[0].isShowAnswer"
+ class="parimary-btn"
+ >
+ 鏌ョ湅绛旀
+ </button>
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="250">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(250) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗崄绔� 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛璇勪环</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">243</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <h2 id="b026">绗簩鑺傘��骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛璇勪环鐨勫唴瀹瑰拰鏂规硶</h2>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐨勮璁°�佺粍缁囦笌瀹炴柦锛屾�绘槸涓嶆柇鎸囧悜鏁欒偛鐩爣锛屽姫鍔涗績杩涘辜鍎胯瑷�鍙戝睍鐨勩�傞偅涔堝湪骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛鐨勫叿浣撶粍缁囧拰瀹炴柦杩囩▼涓紝骞煎効鐨勮瑷�缁忛獙鏈夋棤澧為暱锛熸槸鍚﹁揪鍒颁簡棰勬湡鐨勭洰鏍囷紵甯堝辜浜掑姩鐨勭姸鍐靛浣曪紵瑕佸浠ヤ笂闂鍋氬嚭鍒ゆ柇锛屽氨瑕佸璇█鏁欒偛杩涜璇勪环銆傝�屽湪璇勪环涔嬪墠锛岀‘瀹氳瘎浠峰唴瀹瑰拰鏂规硶鏄嚦鍏抽噸瑕佺殑銆�
+ </p>
+ <h3 id="c073">涓�銆佸辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛璇勪环鐨勫唴瀹�</h3>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄥ辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛涓紝涓昏娑夊強璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩銆佸辜鍎垮強鏁欏笀涓変釜涓昏鍥犵礌銆傚洜姝わ紝瀵瑰辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛鐨勮瘎浠蜂篃搴斿寘鎷笁涓柟闈€�傞鍏堟槸瀵瑰辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勮瘎浠凤紱鍏舵鏄骞煎効璇█瀛︿範琛屼负鐨勮瘎浠凤紱鏈�鍚庢槸瀵瑰辜鍎挎暀甯堟暀瀛﹁涓虹殑璇勪环銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d197">锛堜竴锛夊骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勮瘎浠�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鏄辜鍎挎暀甯堝骞煎効瀹炴柦璇█鏁欒偛鐨勯噸瑕佽浇浣撱�傚骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勮瘎浠蜂富瑕佹秹鍙婃椿鍔ㄧ洰鏍囥�佹椿鍔ㄥ唴瀹广�佹椿鍔ㄥ疄鏂斤紝浠ュ強娲诲姩鏁堟灉绛夊唴瀹广��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e191">1.璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勭洰鏍�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鍥殑鏁欒偛娲诲姩鏄湁鐩殑銆佹湁璁″垝鍦板紩瀵煎辜鍎跨敓鍔ㄣ�佹椿娉笺�佷富鍔ㄥ弬涓庣殑澶氱褰㈠紡鐨勬暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄣ�傛椿鍔ㄧ洰鏍囨槸娲诲姩寮�灞曠殑鎸囧崡锛屽洜姝ゅ辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勮瘎浠烽鍏堣鍏虫敞娲诲姩鐩爣銆傚湪璇勪环璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勭洰鏍囨椂锛岄鍏堣鑰冨療娲诲姩鐩爣鏂瑰悜鏄惁姝ｇ‘锛屽嵆鐩爣鐨勫埗瀹氬拰鎻愬嚭鏄惁绗﹀悎骞煎効璇█鍙戝睍鐨勫勾榫勭壒寰佸拰涓�х壒鐐癸紱鍏舵瑕佽�冨療娲诲姩鐩爣鏄惁绗﹀悎銆婄翰瑕併�嬪拰銆婃寚鍗椼�嬪骞煎効璇█瀛︿範涓庡彂灞曠殑瑕佹眰锛涘啀娆¤鑰冨療娲诲姩鐩爣鏄惁鍏锋湁杩炵画鎬у拰灞傛鎬э紝鏄惁鏃㈣兘婊¤冻褰撲笅骞煎効鍙戝睍鐨勯渶瑕侊紝鍙堣兘淇冭繘骞煎効瀛︿範缁忛獙鐨勬寔缁幏寰楋紱鏈�鍚庤繕搴斿叧娉ㄦ椿鍔ㄧ洰鏍囨槸鍚︿笌骞煎効鐨勭粡楠屻�佽兘鍔涚浉鍖归厤锛屽彧鏈夌粨鍚堝辜鍎跨殑缁忛獙鍜岃兘鍔涜璁＄殑娲诲姩锛屾墠鑳界鍚堝辜鍎跨殑闇�瑕侊紝婵�鍙戝辜鍎跨殑鍏磋叮銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e192">2.璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勫唴瀹�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鍥暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄥ唴瀹规槸鎸囦负瀹炵幇鏁欒偛鐩爣锛岃姹傚辜鍎垮涔犮�佽幏寰楃殑鐭ヨ瘑銆佹妧鑳藉拰琛屼负缁忛獙鐨勬�诲拰銆�<a
+ id="w3"
+ ></a
+ ><a href="chapter010.html#m3"><sup>[3]</sup></a
+ >璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鍐呭鏄疄鐜拌瑷�鏁欒偛鐩爣鐨勪腑浠嬨�傚湪璇勪环璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勫唴瀹规椂锛岄鍏堣鑰冨療娲诲姩鐨勫唴瀹逛笌娲诲姩鐩爣鏄惁涓�鑷达紝鏁欏笀搴斿寮虹洰鏍囨剰璇嗭紝浠ョ洰鏍囦负瀵煎悜锛岀揣绱у洿缁曠洰鏍囨潵寮�灞曟椿鍔紱鍏舵瑕佽�冨療娲诲姩鍐呭鐨勯�夋嫨鏄惁
+ </p>
+
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m3"></a><a href="chapter010.html#w3">[3]</a>
+ 娼樻湀濞燂紝钁ｈ帋鑾�.骞煎効鍥暀鑲茶瘎浠凤蓟M锛�.鍖椾含锛氶珮绛夋暀鑲插嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2014锛�103-104.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="251">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(251) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">244</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 閫傚疁骞煎効鐨勫彂灞曪紝鍏蜂綋鏉ヨ锛屼富瑕佽�冨療閫夋嫨鐨勫唴瀹规槸鍚︽棦閫傚悎骞煎効鐜版湁鐨勬按骞筹紝鍙堝叿鏈変竴瀹氱殑鎸戞垬鎬э紱鏄惁鏃㈢鍚堝辜鍎跨殑鐜板疄闇�瑕侊紝鍙堟湁鍒╀簬鍏堕暱杩滃彂灞曪紱鏄惁鏃㈣创杩戝辜鍎跨殑鍏磋叮锛屽張鏈夊姪浜庢嫇灞曞辜鍎跨殑缁忛獙鍜岃閲庛�傚澶х彮闃呰娲诲姩銆婄寽鐚滄垜鏈夊鐖变綘銆嬫棦绗﹀悎澶х彮骞煎効鐨勭悊瑙ｆ按骞筹紝璁╁辜鍎块�氳繃鏁呬簨锛屾劅鐭ュ彲鐖辩殑灏忓厰瀛愬拰濡堝涔嬮棿鐪熸寶娣卞垏鐨勬瘝瀛愭儏娣憋紝鍙堝叿鏈変竴瀹氱殑鎸戞垬鎬э紝璁╁辜鍎垮湪闆嗕綋闈㈠墠澶ц儐鍦拌杩拌嚜宸卞濡堝鐨勭埍锛岃〃杈捐嚜宸辩殑鎯呮劅銆傛澶栵紝杩樺簲鍏虫敞娲诲姩鍐呭鐨勭粍缁囨槸鍚︾瀛﹀悎鐞嗭紝鍏蜂綋鏉ヨ锛屾椿鍔ㄥ唴瀹圭殑缁勭粐搴旂鍚堝辜鍎垮彂灞曠殑閫昏緫锛屾椿鍔ㄥ唴瀹圭殑缁撴瀯搴斿叿鏈変竴瀹氱殑寮规�э紝鍙互鏍规嵁骞煎効鐨勯�夋嫨鍋氬嚭鐏垫椿鐨勮皟鏁淬��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e193">3.璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勫疄鏂�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 娲诲姩鐨勫疄鏂芥槸灏嗘暀甯堣璁″ソ鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩浠樿瀹炶返鐨勮繃绋嬨�傚湪璇勪环璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勫疄鏂芥椂锛岄鍏堣鑰冨療鏁欏笀鏄惁鑳藉渚濇嵁骞煎効鍦ㄥ姩鎬佸疄鏂借繃绋嬩腑鐨勮〃鐜版潵璋冩暣娲诲姩鐨勫唴瀹瑰拰杩涚▼锛屼粠鑰屼繚璇佹椿鍔ㄧ鍚堝辜鍎跨殑缁忛獙涓庡叴瓒ｏ紝淇濊瘉鑳藉璋冨姩骞煎効瀛︿範鐨勮兘鍔ㄦ�с�佺Н鏋佹�у拰鍒涢�犳�с�傚鏁欏笀搴斿悎鐞嗗湴瀹夋帓娲诲姩鐨勫悇涓幆鑺傦紝鍔ㄩ潤浜ゆ浛銆佸紶寮涙湁搴︼紱鍏舵瑕佸叧娉ㄦ暀甯堟槸鍚﹁兘澶熷垱璁惧苟鍒╃敤閫傚疁鐨勭墿璐ㄧ幆澧冿紝濡傚垱璁捐兘澶熸弧瓒冲辜鍎垮紑灞曞悇绫昏瑷�娲诲姩鐨勬椿鍔ㄥ尯鍜岃瑷�娓告垙锛屽苟涓哄辜鍎挎彁渚涗赴瀵岀殑銆侀�傚疁鐨勬潗鏂欙紝濡傜粯鏈�佸厜鐩樼瓑锛涘啀娆¤鍏虫敞鏁欏笀鏄惁娉ㄩ噸鍦ㄧ敓娲诲拰娓告垙涓笚閫忚瑷�鏁欒偛锛屾暀甯堝彲鍦ㄤ竴鏃ョ敓娲荤殑鍚勪釜鐜妭濡傛櫒闂寸殑浜ゆ祦鐜妭绛夎嚜鐒跺湴娓楅�忚瑷�鏁欒偛锛岃繕鍙互浠旂粏瑙傚療骞煎効鍦ㄦ父鎴忓拰鐢熸椿涓殑琛ㄧ幇锛岀粨鍚堟父鎴忓拰鐢熸椿涓嚭鐜扮殑鏈変环鍊肩殑闂涓庝簨浠剁敓鎴愭暀鑲叉椿鍔紱鏈�鍚庤繕搴斿叧娉ㄦ暀甯堝湪娲诲姩寮�灞曡繃绋嬩腑鏄惁娉ㄩ噸鍙戞尌骞煎効鐨勪富浣撴�э紝缁欎簣骞煎効琛ㄨ揪鑷繁鎯虫硶鍜岃鐐圭殑鏈轰細锛岃繖鏍峰辜鍎挎墠鑳界湡姝ｅ湴灏嗚幏寰楃殑璇█鐭ヨ瘑杞寲鎴愬辜鍎胯瑷�杩愮敤鐨勮兘鍔涖��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e194">4.璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勬晥鏋�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勬晥鏋滃彲浠ヤ綋鐜板湪娲诲姩杩囩▼涓辜鍎垮湪璇█鐭ヨ瘑鎶�鑳戒笌鎯呮劅鎬佸害绛夋柟闈㈣幏寰楀彂灞曠殑绋嬪害銆傚湪璇勪环骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鏃讹紝棣栧厛瑕佽�冨療娲诲姩缁撴潫鍚庤揪鍒伴鏈熺洰鏍囩殑绋嬪害锛涘叾娆¤鑰冨療澶氭暟骞煎効鏄惁鑳藉绉瀬涓诲姩鍦板弬涓庤瑷�娲诲姩锛岃鐪熷�惧惉锛屽ぇ鑳嗚〃杈撅紝鍏蜂綋浣撶幇鍦ㄦ椿鍔ㄤ腑骞煎効瀵规椿鍔ㄧ殑鍏磋叮銆佸弬涓庢椿鍔ㄧ殑鎬佸害銆佷富鍔ㄤ笌浠栦汉浜ゅ線鐨勭▼搴︿笂绛夛紱鏈�鍚庤繕瑕佸叧娉ㄥ辜鍎挎槸鍚﹁兘澶熻幏寰楁湁鐩婄殑缁忛獙锛屾暀甯堝彲浠ュ骞煎効杩涜澶氫釜鏃堕棿銆佸涓満鍚堢殑瑙傚療锛屼互渚垮叏闈㈠湴鍒嗘瀽璇█娲诲姩瀵瑰辜鍎挎墍浜х敓鐨勫奖鍝嶃��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d198">锛堜簩锛夊骞煎効璇█瀛︿範琛屼负鐨勮瘎浠�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 瀵规暀鑲茶繃绋嬩腑骞煎効璇█瀛︿範琛屼负鐨勮瘎浠凤紝涓嶈兘绠�鍗曞湴鎶婂辜鍎垮鏌愪簺璇煶銆佽瘝姹囥�佸彞瀛愮瓑鐨勬帉鎻℃儏鍐典綔涓轰富瑕佽瘎浠峰唴瀹癸紝鑰屽簲灏嗘敞鎰忓姏闆嗕腑鍦ㄦ暀甯堝紩瀵间笅骞煎効璇█瀛︿範琛屼负鍙樺寲鐨勮繃绋嬪拰缁撴灉涓娿��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 瀵瑰辜鍎胯瑷�瀛︿範琛屼负鐨勮瘎浠峰彲浠ュ府鍔╄瘎浠疯�呬簡瑙ｆ煇涓�骞煎効鍦ㄦ煇涓�娲诲姩杩囩▼涓瑷�瀛︿範鐘跺喌鍙婂叾璇█鍙戝睍鐨勬煇浜涗笉瓒筹紝涓鸿皟鏁存暀鑲茶鍒掍笌鎺柦锛屼娇涔嬫湞鐫�棰勫畾鐨勬暀鑲叉垨鍙戝睍鐩爣鍓嶈繘锛屽苟涓烘渶缁堣揪鍒拌鐩爣鎻愪緵绉戝鐨勪緷鎹�傚骞煎効璇█瀛︿範琛屼负璇�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="252">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(252) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗崄绔� 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛璇勪环</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">245</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>浠风殑鍐呭鍖呮嫭浠ヤ笅鍑犱釜鏂归潰銆�</p>
+ <h5 id="e195">1.瀵瑰辜鍎垮弬涓庢椿鍔ㄧ▼搴︾殑璇勪环</h5>
+ <p>
+ 閫氳繃瀵瑰辜鍎垮湪娲诲姩涓殑琛ㄧ幇鐨勮瀵熶笌璁板綍锛屽彲浠ヤ簡瑙ｆ椿鍔ㄨ璁″拰瀹炴柦鐨勫叿浣撴儏鍐碉紝涔熷彲浠ヤ簡瑙ｅ辜鍎胯瑷�瀛︿範琛屼负鐨勫叿浣撹〃鐜般�傚叧浜庡辜鍎垮弬涓庢椿鍔ㄧ殑绋嬪害锛屽彲浠ュ垎涓轰笁涓瓑绾э細涓诲姩绉瀬鍙備笌銆佷竴鑸弬涓庡拰鏈弬涓庛��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 涓诲姩绉瀬鍙備笌鏄辜鍎垮弬涓庢暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄧ殑鏈�浣崇姸鎬併�傚湪杩欑鐘舵�佷笅锛屼笉璁烘槸闆嗕綋娲诲姩杩樻槸灏忕粍娲诲姩锛屽辜鍎挎敞鎰忓姏閮芥瘮杈冮泦涓紝鎯呯华楂樻定锛屽娲诲姩鐨勫唴瀹瑰拰褰㈠紡琛ㄧ幇鍑烘祿鍘氱殑鍏磋叮鍜屽己鐑堢殑瀛︿範鍔ㄦ満锛岃兘涓诲姩鍦版彁鍑洪棶棰橈紝鑳借鐪熷�惧惉鏁欏笀鍜屽悓浼寸殑璇濊锛屽鏁欏笀鎴栧悓浼村彂璧风殑浜掑姩鑳界粰浜堢Н鏋佺殑鍙嶉锛屾椿鍔ㄦ皵姘涘崄鍒嗘椿璺冦�傚鏋滃湪涓�娆¤瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩杩囩▼涓紝澶ч儴鍒嗗辜鍎块兘鑳界Н鏋佷富鍔ㄥ弬涓庯紝杩欒〃鏄庤娲诲姩鍦ㄧ洰鏍囩殑鍒跺畾銆佸唴瀹圭殑閫夋嫨銆佹椿鍔ㄧ殑璁捐鏂归潰閮芥槸閫傚疁骞煎効璇█鍙戝睍鐨勩��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 涓�鑸弬涓庢槸骞煎効鍙備笌娲诲姩绋嬪害鐨勪腑闂寸姸鎬併�傚湪杩欑鐘舵�佷笅锛屽辜鍎胯繘琛岀殑瀛︿範澶у鏁版槸琚姩瀛︿範銆傚湪闆嗕綋娲诲姩鏃讹紝骞煎効缁忔暀甯堟彁閱掕兘澶熼泦涓敞鎰忓姏鍊惧惉鏁欏笀鍜屽悓浼寸殑璇濊銆傝櫧鐒朵笉浼氫富鍔ㄦ彁鍑洪棶棰橈紝浣嗘槸琚暀甯堢偣鍒板悕瀛楁椂锛屽辜鍎胯兘澶熷洖绛旀纭紱鍦ㄥ皬缁勬椿鍔ㄦ椂锛岃櫧涓嶄細涓诲姩涓庡悓浼翠氦寰�锛屼絾鏄鍚屼即鍙戣捣鐨勪氦寰�淇″彿涔熻兘鍥炲簲銆傚鏋滃湪涓�娆¤瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩杩囩▼涓紝澶ч儴鍒嗗辜鍎块兘澶勪簬琚姩鍙備笌鐘舵�侊紝杩欎富瑕佸弽鏄犵殑鏄娲诲姩鍦ㄦ椿鍔ㄨ璁℃柟闈㈤渶瑕佽皟鏁淬��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鏈弬涓庢槸骞煎効鍙備笌娲诲姩绋嬪害鐨勬渶涓嶇悊鎯崇姸鎬併�傚湪杩欑鐘舵�佷笅锛屽辜鍎挎敞鎰忓姏鍒嗘暎鎴栬�呭鏄撳垎蹇冿紝瀵规暀甯堝拰鍚屼即鐨勮瘽璇笉鑳藉仛鍑哄弽棣堛�傚鏋滃湪涓�娆¤瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩杩囩▼涓紝澶ч儴鍒嗗辜鍎块兘澶勪簬鏈弬涓庣姸鎬侊紝杩欎富瑕佸弽鏄犵殑鏄暀甯堢殑娲诲姩璁捐涓庡辜鍎跨殑璇█鍙戝睍姘村钩涓嶇浉鍚诲悎锛岄渶瑕侀噸鏂颁粠骞煎効瀹為檯璇█鍙戝睍姘村钩鐨勮搴︽潵瀹¤鍒跺畾鐨勭洰鏍囧拰閫夋嫨鐨勫唴瀹广��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e196">2.瀵瑰辜鍎垮畬鎴愯瑷�瀛︿範浠诲姟鐨勮瘎浠�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効鍦ㄦ椿鍔ㄤ腑瀹屾垚瀛︿範浠诲姟鐨勬儏鍐碉紝鍙互浠庡辜鍎垮湪璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩杩囩▼涓幏寰楃殑鐭ヨ瘑銆佹儏鎰熴�佽兘鍔涗笁涓淮搴﹁繘琛岃�冨療銆傜涓�锛屼簡瑙ｅ辜鍎挎槸鍚﹁幏寰椾簡鐩爣鎵�璁惧畾鐨勮瑷�鐭ヨ瘑锛屾槸鍚︽帉鎻′簡涓�瀹氭暟閲忕殑璇嶆眹鍜屼笉鍚岀被鍨嬬殑鍙ュ紡锛屾槸鍚︽噦寰楀湪浠�涔堟牱鐨勮瑷�鐜涓嬭繍鐢ㄨ繖浜涜瘝姹囧拰鍙ュ瀷锛涚浜岋紝浜嗚В骞煎効鏄惁鍏锋湁鑰愬績鍊惧惉鍒汉璇磋瘽锛屾槸鍚︿箰鎰忓湪闆嗕綋闈㈠墠璁茶堪鑷繁缁忓巻鐨勪簨鎴栫湅鍒扮殑鍥剧墖鍐呭锛屾槸鍚︽噦寰楀苟閬靛畧璇█浜ゅ線涓殑涓�鑸鍒欙紱绗笁锛屼簡瑙ｅ辜鍎垮湪鍏蜂綋鎯呮櫙涓繍鐢ㄨ瑷�鐨勮兘鍔涳紝鏄惁鑳藉鏍规嵁娲诲姩涓殑璇█鎯呮櫙鏉ヨ繍鐢ㄦ湁鍏崇殑璇嶆眹銆佽娉曞拰璇皟锛屾槸鍚﹁兘鐢ㄨ繛璐殑璇彞璇存竻妤氳嚜宸辨兂瑕佽〃杈剧殑鎰忔�濄�傚湪瀵逛互涓婁笁涓柟闈㈣繘琛岃瘎浠风殑鏃跺�欙紝鏁欏笀鍙互浠庡渾婊″畬鎴愩�佸熀鏈畬鎴愬拰灏氭湭瀹屾垚涓変釜绛夌骇瀵瑰辜鍎垮畬鎴愯瑷�瀛︿範浠诲姟鎯呭喌杩涜绛夌骇鍒ゅ畾銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d199">锛堜笁锛夊骞煎効鏁欏笀鏁欏琛屼负鐨勮瘎浠�</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鏁欒偛璇勪环鏈韩鐨勭洰鐨勫寘鍚潃淇冭繘鏁欏笀鏁欏琛屼负鐨勬敼鍙樸�傚洜姝わ紝瀵瑰辜鍎挎暀甯堟暀瀛﹁涓虹殑璇勪环鏄辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛璇勪环鐨勪竴涓噸瑕佹柟闈紝瀵瑰辜鍎挎暀甯堟暀瀛﹁涓虹殑璇勪环涓昏
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="253">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(253) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">246</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>鍖呮嫭瀵规暀甯堣嚜韬█璇礌璐ㄧ殑璇勪环浠ュ強瀵规暀甯堜笌骞煎効浜掑姩鎯呭喌鐨勮瘎浠枫��</p>
+ <h5 id="e197">1.鏁欏笀鐨勮█璇礌璐�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鍦ㄦ椿鍔ㄧ粍缁囦腑浠ュ彂灞曞辜鍎跨殑璇█銆佸煿鍏诲辜鍎垮璇█鍜屾枃瀛︾殑鍏磋叮涓轰富瑕佺洰鐨勶紝鍥犳瀵规暀甯堟湰韬殑璇█绱犺川鎻愬嚭浜嗚緝楂樼殑瑕佹眰锛岀壒鍒槸瀵瑰辜鍎挎潵璇达紝鐢变簬骞撮緞灏忥紝韬績鍙戝睍涓嶆垚鐔燂紝鐞嗚В鑳藉姏鏈夐檺涓旀槗鍙楀埌澶栫晫鐜鐨勫奖鍝嶏紝杩欏氨瑕佹眰骞煎効鏁欏笀蹇呴』鍏峰鑹ソ鐨勮瑷�琛ㄨ揪鑳藉姏銆傚骞煎効鏁欏笀鐨勮█璇礌璐ㄧ殑璇勪环锛岄鍏堝簲鑰冨療骞煎効鏁欏笀鐨勮瑷�琛ㄨ揪鏄惁瑙勮寖锛屽寘鎷暀甯堟槸鍚︿娇鐢ㄦ櫘閫氳瘽杩涜鏁欏锛屽瓧璇嶈〃杈炬槸鍚︽竻鏅帮紝璇彞琛ㄨ揪鏄惁绗﹀悎璇硶瑙勮寖绛夛紱鍏舵搴旇�冨療骞煎効鏁欏笀鐨勮瑷�琛ㄨ揪鏄惁绉戝锛屽寘鎷敤璇嶆槸鍚﹀噯纭紝琛ㄨ堪鏄惁绗﹀悎骞煎効璁ょ煡鐗圭偣锛岃В璇存槸鍚︾鍚堝瑙傚疄闄呯瓑锛涙渶鍚庤繕搴旇�冨療骞煎効鏁欏笀鐨勮瑷�琛ㄨ揪鏄惁鐢熷姩锛屽寘鎷瑷�鏄惁褰㈣薄鍖栵紝璇�熸槸鍚﹀揩鎱㈤�傚疁锛岃璋冩槸鍚︿翰鍒囨椿娉肩瓑銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e198">2.鏁欏笀涓庡辜鍎夸簰鍔ㄧ殑鎯呭喌</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄥ辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩涓暀甯堜笌骞煎効浜掑姩鐨勮川閲忔槸浣撶幇鏁欒偛鏁堟灉鐨勯噸瑕佸洜绱犮�傚湪璇勪环甯堝辜浜掑姩鏃讹紝棣栧厛搴旇�冨療鏁欏笀鏄惁涓哄辜鍎垮垱璁句簡瀹芥澗銆佹皯涓荤殑姘涘洿锛屼娇骞煎効鎴愪负娲诲姩鐨勪富浣擄紝鏀寔銆侀紦鍔卞辜鍎夸笌鏁欏笀銆佸悓浼翠氦璋堝苟浣撻獙璇█浜ゆ祦鐨勪箰瓒ｏ紱鍏舵搴旇�冨療甯堝辜浜掑姩鐨勬椂鏈恒�佸唴瀹规槸鍚﹂�傚疁锛屾暀甯堝彧鏈夐�夋嫨閫傚疁鐨勪簰鍔ㄦ椂鏈猴紝骞煎効鎵嶈兘鍦ㄢ�滀綘鎶涙垜鎺モ�濈殑杩囩▼涓幏寰楃煡璇嗙粡楠岀殑绉疮鍜岃韩蹇冪殑鎰夋偊锛涙渶鍚庤繕搴斿叧娉ㄥ笀骞间簰鍔ㄦ槸鍚︽湁鏁堝湴瀹炵幇浜嗗笀骞煎弻鏂圭殑鍙屽悜寤烘瀯涓庡彂灞曪紝甯堝辜浜掑姩鏄惁鏃㈡弧瓒充簡骞煎効鐨勯渶瑕侊紝鍙堟湁鏁堝湴杈炬垚浜嗘椿鍔ㄧ殑鐩爣锛屼娇骞煎効鐨勫叴瓒ｃ�佸姩鏈恒�佹儏鎰熴�佹剰蹇椼�佹�ф牸绛夐潪鏅哄姏鍥犵礌寰楀埌鍏呭垎鐨勬縺鍙戯紝鑾峰緱浜嗘湁鐩婄殑瀛︿範缁忛獙銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>浠ヤ笂璇勪环鍐呭瑙佽〃10-1銆�</p>
+ <p class="img">琛�10-1 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛璇勪环鎸囨爣</p>
+ <p class="center openImgBox">
+ <img class="img-0" alt="" src="../../images/0266-1.jpg" />
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="254">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(254) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗崄绔� 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛璇勪环</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">247</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p class="img">琛�10-1 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛璇勪环鎸囨爣</p>
+ <p class="center openImgBox">
+ <img class="img-0" alt="" src="../../images/0266-1.jpg" />
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk">
+ <div class="bk1">
+ <p><span class="bj2">骞煎効鍥暀甯堣祫鏍艰瘉鑰冭瘯路鑰冪偣鍒嗘瀽</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-2">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-1" alt="" src="../../images/tb-1.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 銆婁繚鏁欑煡璇嗕笌鑳藉姏銆嬮儴鍒嗙殑鑰冭瘯澶х翰瑕佹眰鐢宠鑰呰兘澶熷埄鐢ㄨ瘎浠锋墜娈靛彂鐜版暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄤ腑鍑虹幇鐨勯棶棰橈紝鎻愬嚭鏀硅繘寤鸿銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <b>娉細</b
+ >姝ゆ潯瑕佹眰鐢宠鑰呮纭悊瑙ｅ拰鎶婃彙骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛璇勪环鐨勬寚鏍囷紝骞剁粨鍚堝叿浣撶殑璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩锛屾湁鏁堝湴鍒嗘瀽涓庤瘎浠峰辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩瀹炴柦鐨勬晥鏋溿��
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ <h3 id="c074">浜屻�佸辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛璇勪环鐨勬柟娉�</h3>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛璇勪环鐨勬柟娉曪紝鏄寚閫氳繃涓�瀹氱殑鎵嬫鏀堕泦璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩绯荤粺涓悇鏂归潰鐨勪俊鎭紝渚濇嵁涓�瀹氱殑瀹㈣鏍囧噯瀵瑰辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩銆佸辜鍎胯瑷�瀛︿範琛屼负銆佸辜鍎挎暀甯堢殑鏁欏琛屼负鍋氬嚭瀹㈣鐨勮 閲忓拰绉戝鐨勫垽瀹氥�傝瘎浠锋椂锛屽彲浠ョ患鍚堣繍鐢ㄥ绉嶆柟娉曪紝鍏ㄩ潰鍦版敹闆嗕俊鎭紝浣滀负璇勪环鐨勯噺鍜岃川鐨勫瑙傝祫鏂欙紝涓虹瀛︾殑鏁欒偛璇勪环鎻愪緵渚濇嵁銆�
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d200">锛堜竴锛夎瀵熻瘎浠锋硶</h4>
+ <p>
+ 瑙傚療璇勪环娉曟槸鎸囨湁鐩殑銆佹湁璁″垝鍦板骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鎯呭喌杩涜瑙傚療锛岃幏鍙栦俊鎭紝骞跺仛鍑虹瀛﹁瘎浠风殑涓�绉嶆柟娉曘�備笉璁烘槸浣曠鏁欒偛璇勪环锛岃瀵熸硶閮芥槸璇勪环鑰呮敹闆嗕俊鎭渶閲嶈銆佹渶涓哄父瑙佺殑涓�绉嶆柟娉曘��
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="255">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(255) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">248</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄨ繘琛岃瀵熺殑鏃跺�欙紝鏍规嵁涓嶅悓鐨勮瀵熺洰鐨勫拰瑙掑害锛岄渶瑕侀噰鐢ㄤ笉鍚岀殑瑙傚療鏂规硶銆傛寜鐓ц瀵熺殑鎯呭鏉′欢鏉ュ垎锛屽寘鎷嚜鐒惰瀵熸硶鍜屾儏澧冭瀵熸硶銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e199">1.鑷劧瑙傚療娉�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鑷劧瑙傚療娉曟槸鎸囪瘎浠疯�呭湪骞煎効鍥嚜鐒舵暀鑲叉儏鏅腑锛屾湁鐩殑銆佹湁璁″垝鍦板鏁欏笀鐨勮瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鍜屽辜鍎跨殑璇█鍙戝睍鐘跺喌杩涜鐩存帴瑙傚療锛岄�氳繃瀵硅瀵熻褰曠殑鏁寸悊鍜屽垎鏋愭潵璇勪环鏁欏笀璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鍜屽辜鍎胯瑷�鍙戝睍姘村钩鐨勬柟娉曘��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 璇勪环鑰呭彲浠ュ湪鏃ュ父鐢熸椿銆佹父鎴忎互鍙婃暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄤ腑瑙傚療骞煎効鐨勮瑷�鍙戝睍鐨勭姸鍐碉紝浠ュ垎鏋愬垽鏂辜鍎胯瑷�鑳藉姏鐨勫彂灞曚互鍙婃暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄧ殑鏁堟灉銆傝繖灏遍渶瑕佽瘎浠疯�呮敞鎰忓�惧惉骞惰褰曟暀甯堛�佸辜鍎跨殑瑷�璇紝鍖呮嫭褰撴椂鏄�庢牱鐨勬儏鏅紝骞煎効璇翠簡浠�涔堬紝鏁欏笀涓庡辜鍎垮浣曚氦娴佺瓑淇℃伅銆傚湪鏀堕泦浜嗚繖浜涗俊鎭悗锛岃瘎浠疯�呭氨鍙互鍙傜収璇勪环鐨勫唴瀹规潵鍒ゆ柇骞煎効璇█鑳藉姏鐨勫彂灞曘��
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk">
+ <div class="bk1">
+ <p><span class="bj2">妗堜緥鍒嗘瀽</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-3">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-2" alt="" src="../../images/tb-2.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <p class="center"><b>澶х彮璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩锛氣�滅尗绉嶈�侀紶鈥�</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 鍏紑璇句笂锛屽ぇ鐝殑鍒樿�佸笀浠婂ぉ缁欏瀛愪滑璁蹭簡涓�涓湁瓒ｇ殑鏁呬簨锛屽湪涓�鐗囧簞绋煎湴閲岋紝鐚崏浣忎簡涓�鍙�侀紶锛屽氨鎯冲悆銆傝�侀紶蹇欒锛氣�滅尗澶у摜锛屽埆鐫�鎬ワ紝浣犵湅锛屽啘姘戞妸鐜夌背绉嶅埌鍦伴噷锛屽埌浜嗙澶╂敹浜嗗緢澶氱帀绫筹紱鍐滄皯鎶婅姳鐢熺鍒板湴閲岋紝鍒颁簡绉嬪ぉ鏀朵簡寰堝鑺辩敓銆備綘鎶婃垜涔熺鍒板湴閲岋紝灏变細闀垮嚭寰堝鑰侀紶銆傗�濅簬鏄紝鐚氨鎶婅�侀紶绉嶅埌浜嗗湴閲岋紝鑰侀紶鎵撴礊閫冭窇浜嗐�備即闅忕潃鍒樿�佸笀鐢熷姩鐨勮瑷�鍜岄厤鍥撅紝瀛╁瓙浠惉寰楁触娲ユ湁鍛筹紝鍚庢潵鍒樿�佸笀杩樿瀛╁瓙浠仛鏁呬簨琛ㄦ紨鍜岀画缂栨晠浜嬨�傚埌浜嗘渶鍚庯紝鍒樿�佸笀璇达細鈥滃瀛愪滑锛岃繖涓晠浜嬭繕娌℃湁鍚嶅瓧鍛紵浣犱滑鏉ユ兂涓悕瀛楀惂锛佲�濆瀛愪滑绾风悍鍙戣█锛屸�滅尗鍜岃�侀紶鈥濃�滅尗鍚冭�侀紶鈥濃�滅尗鎹夎�侀紶鈥濃�︹�︿絾鏄氨鏄病鏈夊瀛愭彁鍒扳�滅尗绉嶈�侀紶鈥濄�傚洜涓烘槸鍏紑璇撅紝鍒樿�佸笀杩熻繜寰椾笉鍒拌嚜宸辨兂瑕佺殑绛旀灏辨湁鐐圭潃鎬ヤ簡锛屾兂鏂硅娉曠粓浜庡拰骞煎効涓�璧疯鍑轰簡鈥滅尗绉嶈�侀紶鈥濊繖涓悕瀛楋紝鍒樿�佸笀鎵嶇畻鏄澗浜嗗彛姘斺�︹��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <b>鍒嗘瀽涓庤瘎浠凤細</b
+ >鍦ㄨ繖涓墖娈典腑锛屽垬鑰佸笀娲诲姩鐩爣鐨勮瀹氥�佹椿鍔ㄥ唴瀹圭殑閫夋嫨銆佹椿鍔ㄨ璁￠兘婊¤冻浜嗗辜鍎跨殑鍏磋叮锛岃皟鍔ㄤ簡骞煎効鍙備笌娲诲姩鐨勭Н鏋佹�э紝鍚屾椂鍦ㄦ杩囩▼涓紝骞煎効鐨勮瑷�琛ㄨ揪鑳藉姏銆佺画缂栨晠浜嬬殑鑳藉姏涔熷緱鍒颁簡浣撶幇銆備絾鏄椿鍔ㄥ浜庨璁句笌鐢熸垚鐨勫叧绯绘妸鎻″緱涓嶅お濂斤紝鍦ㄦ椿鍔ㄦ渶鍚庯紝瀛╁瓙浠涓嶅嚭鈥滅尗绉嶈�侀紶鈥濊繖涓瘝璇椂锛屽垬鑰佸笀娌℃湁蹇呰闈炴寜鐓ч璁剧殑鍚嶅瓧鏉ュ懡鍚嶏紝鐣欎綔娲诲姩鍚庣殑寤朵几璁ㄨ涔熷彲浠ャ��
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄨ繍鐢ㄨ嚜鐒惰瀵熸硶杩涜璇勪环鏃跺簲娉ㄦ剰浠ヤ笅闂銆傜涓�锛岃鏈夋槑纭殑瑙傚療鐩殑锛屽仛濂借瀵熷墠鐨勭煡璇嗐�佺墿璐ㄥ拰鐜鍑嗗锛涚浜岋紝瑕佹湁鏄庣‘鐨勮瀵熷璞★紝骞舵牴鎹瀵熷璞￠�夋嫨鍏蜂綋銆佸悎閫傜殑瑙傚療鏂规硶锛涚涓夛紝瑕佸仛濂借瀵熻褰曪紝瑙傚療璁板綍搴斿噯纭褰曡瀵熸椂闂淬�佽瀵熷湴鐐逛互鍙婅瀵熷璞″叿浣撶殑璇█鍙戝睍琛ㄧ幇锛涚鍥涳紝鍋氬ソ瑙傚療缁撴灉鐨勫鐞嗕笌鍒嗘瀽銆�
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e200">2.鎯呭瑙傚療娉�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 鎯呭瑙傚療娉曟槸鎸囪瘎浠疯�呮牴鎹瀵熺殑鐩殑锛屾帶鍒跺辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勬潯浠讹紝灏嗘暀
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="256">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(256) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗崄绔� 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛璇勪环</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">249</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 甯堟垨骞煎効缃簬涓庣幇瀹炵敓娲诲満鏅被浼肩殑鎯呭涓紝瑙傚療鏁欏笀鍜屽辜鍎垮湪鐗瑰畾鎯呭涓嬬殑鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勮璁″拰缁勭粐鎯呭喌浠ュ強骞煎効鐨勮瑷�鍙戝睍鎯呭喌锛岀劧鍚庡瑙傚療鎵�寰椾俊鎭繘琛屽垎鏋愩�佺患鍚堬紝鍋氬嚭鐩稿簲鐨勮瘎浠枫��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 浠ュ辜鍎胯瑷�鑳藉姏鍙戝睍涓轰緥锛岃瘎浠疯�呭彲浠ヨ缃笓闂ㄧ殑鎯呭锛岄�氳繃瑙傚療骞煎効鍦ㄦ儏澧冧腑鐨勮〃鐜版潵鍒ゆ柇骞煎効璇█鑳藉姏鐨勫彂灞曟按骞炽��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鎯呭娴嬮獙绀轰緥<a id="w4"></a
+ ><a href="chapter010.html#m4"><sup>[4]</sup></a
+ >锛�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�1锛夎娉曡鑼冩�х殑鍒ゆ柇銆傛暀甯堝悜骞煎効璇村嚭涓�鍙ヨ瘽锛岃姹傚辜鍎垮垽鏂繖鍙ヨ瘽璇寸殑鏄惁姝ｇ‘锛屽璇㈤棶骞煎効鈥滆繖鍙皬楦熷彲浠ヨ椋炶捣鏉モ�濇槸涓嶆槸姝ｇ‘鐨勫彞瀛愩�傛暀甯堝彲浠ヤ粠涓垽鏂辜鍎垮鍙ュ瀷鐨勬帉鎻℃儏鍐点��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�2锛夊惉璇濇寚鍥俱�傛暀甯堝悜骞煎効璇村嚭涓�鍙ヨ瘽锛岃姹傚辜鍎夸粠涓夊紶鎴栧洓寮犲浘鐗囦腑閫夊嚭绗﹀悎杩欏彞璇濈殑鍥剧墖銆傚鍦ㄥ洓寮犲浘鐗囦腑鎸囧嚭鈥滄鍦ㄨ拷灏忛箍鐨勭嫾琚�佽檸鍜綇浜嗚吙鈥濇墍瀵瑰簲鐨勫浘鐗囥��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�3锛夊惉璇濊〃婕斻�傛暀甯堝悜骞煎効璇村嚭涓�鍙ヨ瘽锛岃姹傚辜鍎挎寜鐓ц繖鍙ヨ瘽鐨勬弿杩板仛鍑虹浉搴旂殑鍔ㄤ綔銆備緥濡傦紝鈥滆鎶婄摱瀛愭斁鍦ㄧ洅瀛愰噷锛岀劧鍚庢妸鐩掑瓙鏀惧洖鍒版灦瀛愪笂鈥濄�傝繖绉嶆柟娉曟墍鑳借�冨療鐨勫唴瀹瑰繀椤昏兘澶熷鏄撶敤鍔ㄤ綔鏉ヨ〃鐜般��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 锛�4锛夊惉璇濅豢璇淬�傛暀甯堝悜骞煎効璇村嚭涓�鍙ヨ瘽锛岃姹傚辜鍎挎ā浠跨潃璇村嚭涓�鍙ヨ瘽銆備緥濡傦紝闂辜鍎匡細鈥滄垜璇翠竴鍙ヨ瘽锛屼綘鑳芥寜鎴戣鐨勫啀缂栦竴鍙ュ悧锛熸垜璇粹�橀鎶婃爲鍚瑰�掍簡鈥欙紝浣犲彲浠ヨ鈥樹粈涔堟妸浠�涔堟�庝箞鏍蜂簡鈥欙紝浣犺瘯璇曘�傗��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鍦ㄨ繍鐢ㄦ儏澧冭瀵熸硶杩涜璇勪环鏃跺簲娉ㄦ剰浠ヤ笅闂銆傜涓�锛屽洿缁曡瀵熺洰鐨勫垱璁炬儏澧冿紝鎵�鍒涜鐨勬儏澧冨簲鑳藉紩鍙戞暀甯堝拰骞煎効琛ㄧ幇鍑鸿瘎浠疯�呮兂瑕佽瀵熺殑鎯呭喌锛涚浜岋紝鎵�鍒涜鐨勮瀵熸儏澧冨簲灏介噺璐磋繎鏃ュ父鐢熸椿鎴栨父鎴忔儏澧冿紝璁╂暀甯堝拰骞煎効閮借兘姣旇緝鑷劧鍦板紑灞曟椿鍔ㄣ��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d201">锛堜簩锛夎皥璇濇硶</h4>
+ <p>
+ 璋堣瘽娉曟槸璇勪环鑰呴�氳繃涓庡辜鍎块潰瀵归潰浜よ皥鏉ユ悳闆嗚祫鏂欙紝骞舵牴鎹褰曞鍏惰繘琛屾暣鐞嗗拰鍒嗘瀽锛屾嵁姝よ繘琛岃瘎浠风殑鏂规硶銆傝繖绉嶆柟娉曢�傜敤瀵瑰辜鍎胯瑷�鍙戝睍鐘跺喌杩涜璇勪环銆傝瘎浠疯�呭彲缁勭粐涓庡辜鍎跨殑涓埆璋堣瘽锛屾秹鍙婃湁鍏冲辜鍎胯瑷�鑳藉姏鐨勯棶棰橈紝骞舵牴鎹辜鍎跨殑鍥炵瓟鏉ュ垽鏂辜鍎胯瑷�鑳藉姏鐨勫彂灞曟按骞炽��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 杩愮敤璋堣瘽娉曞骞煎効璇█鍙戝睍鐘跺喌杩涜璇勪环鏃跺簲娉ㄦ剰浠ヤ笅闂銆傜涓�锛屽簲鏄庣‘璋堣瘽鐨勭洰鐨勶紝濡傛暀甯堟兂瑕佸骞煎効鐨勬棭鏈熼槄璇昏兘鍔涘仛鍑鸿瘎浠凤紝灏辫鍥寸粫鈥滀綘鑳戒笉鑳藉憡璇夋垜浣犲緢鍠滄鐨勪竴鏈功锛熶綘鐭ラ亾鎬庝箞缈婚〉鍚楋紵鈥濈瓑闂杩涜浜ゆ祦锛涚浜岋紝璇勪环鐨勪富浣撳敖閲忎互骞煎効鐔熸倝鐨勪汉濡傛暀甯堛�佸洯闀裤�佸闀夸负涓伙紝杩欐牱鑳藉淇濊瘉璋堣瘽鐨勯『鍒╄繘琛岋紱绗笁锛岃瘎浠疯�呰娉ㄦ剰鎶婃彙璋堣瘽鐨勫唴瀹瑰拰鏂瑰紡锛屾彁闂敖閲忕畝鍗曪紝鍐呭瑕佹祬鏄炬槗鎳傘��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d202">锛堜笁锛夐棶鍗疯皟鏌ユ硶</h4>
+ <p>
+ 闂嵎璋冩煡娉曟槸鐢辫瘎浠疯�呮牴鎹瘎浠风洰鐨勫悜璋冩煡瀵硅薄鍙戞斁闂嵎锛屼互骞挎硾鏀堕泦骞煎効璇█鍙戝睍淇℃伅鐨勪竴绉嶆柟娉曘�傝繖绉嶆柟娉曢�傚悎瀵瑰辜鍎胯瑷�鍙戝睍鐘跺喌杩涜鑰冮噺銆傝瘎浠疯�呴�氳繃璁捐涓撻棬鐨勮皟鏌ラ棶棰橈紝鍚戞暀甯堛�佸闀夸簡瑙ｅ辜鍎跨殑璇█鍙戝睍姘村钩浠ュ強骞煎効鍦ㄥ鍜屽辜鍎�
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m4"></a><a href="chapter010.html#w4">[4]</a>
+ 鍒樼劚.骞煎効鍥暀鑲茶川閲忚瘎浠凤蓟M锛�.鍖椾含锛氫腑澶箍鎾數瑙嗗ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2012锛�257-258.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="257">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(257) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">250</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鍥殑瀹為檯琛ㄧ幇锛屼粠鑰屽垽鏂叾璇█鑳藉姏鍙戝睍鐨勬按骞冲拰鐘舵�侊紝涓哄紑灞曟湁閽堝鎬х殑璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鎻愪緵渚濇嵁銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 杩愮敤闂嵎璋冩煡瀵瑰辜鍎胯瑷�鍙戝睍鐘跺喌杩涜璇勪环鏃跺簲娉ㄦ剰浠ヤ笅闂銆傜涓�锛屽悜鏁欏笀銆佸闀胯В閲婃竻妤氳皟鏌ョ殑鐩殑鏄簡瑙ｅ辜鍎胯瑷�鐨勫彂灞曟按骞筹紝娑堥櫎璋冩煡瀵硅薄鐨勯【铏戯紝鍦ㄤ竴瀹氱▼搴︿笂淇濊瘉浣滅瓟鐨勭湡瀹炴�у拰鍙潬鎬э紱绗簩锛岄棶鍗疯璁″簲绉戝鍚堢悊锛屾寚瀵艰绠�鏄庢槗鎳傦紝闂鏁伴噺閫備腑锛岃〃杩版槑纭紝渚夸簬鏁欏笀銆佸闀夸綔绛旓紱绗笁锛屽仛濂介棶鍗风殑鍙戞斁銆佸洖鏀朵互鍙婇棶鍗峰鐞嗗伐浣滐紝淇濊瘉闂嵎鍒嗘瀽鐨勭粨鏋滅湡瀹炲彲淇°��
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d203">锛堝洓锛夌患鍚堢瓑绾ц瘎瀹氭硶</h4>
+ <p>
+ 缁煎悎绛夌骇璇勫畾娉曟槸鎸夌収璇勪环鐨勫唴瀹规鏋跺骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩涓殑鍚勭鍥犵礌杩涜鍒嗘瀽骞惰瘎鍑轰笉鍚岀瓑绾х殑缁煎悎鎰忚銆傝繖绉嶆柟娉曟牴鎹�傜敤瀵硅薄鐨勪笉鍚屽垎涓虹敤浜庤瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩璇勪环鐨勭瓑绾ц瘎瀹氭硶浠ュ強鐢ㄤ簬骞煎効璇█鍙戝睍璇勪环鐨勫彂灞曟鏍歌〃娉曘��
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e201">1.鐢ㄤ簬璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩璇勪环鐨勭瓑绾ц瘎瀹氭硶</h5>
+ <p>
+ 缁煎悎绛夌骇璇勫畾娉曚竴鑸粠妯悜鍜岀旱鍚戜袱涓淮搴︾‘瀹氳瘎浠锋寚鏍囥�傜旱鍚戠淮搴﹀寘鎷瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勫悇绉嶅洜绱狅紝鍖呮嫭鐩爣銆佸唴瀹广�佹柟娉曘�佽繃绋嬨�佹晥鏋溿�佸笀骞间簰鍔ㄧ瓑锛涙í鍚戠淮搴﹀寘鎷暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄥ悇鍥犵礌鍦ㄦ椿鍔ㄨ繃绋嬩腑鐨勭姸鎬佸強绛夌骇銆傛牴鎹繖涓や釜缁村害鍒跺畾鐨勭瓑绾ц瘎浠疯〃锛岃瘎浠疯�呭彧闇�瑕佸湪鐩稿簲鐨勬爮鐩敾鈥溾垰鈥濆嵆鍙�傦紙绛夌骇璇勫畾琛ㄨ瑙佽〃10-2锛�
+ </p>
+ <p class="img">琛�10-2 骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩绛夌骇璇勫畾琛�</p>
+ <p class="center openImgBox">
+ <img class="img-0" alt="" src="../../images/0270-1.jpg" />
+ </p>
+ <h5 id="e202">2.鐢ㄤ簬骞煎効璇█鍙戝睍璇勪环鐨勫彂灞曟鏍歌〃娉�</h5>
+ <p>
+ 瀵瑰辜鍎胯瑷�鑳藉姏鍙戝睍鐨勮瘎浠凤紝杩樺彲浠ラ噰鐢ㄥ彂灞曟鏍歌〃鐨勬柟寮忔潵鍒ゆ柇鍏跺彂灞曟按骞炽��
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="258">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(258) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗崄绔� 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛璇勪环</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">251</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p>
+ 鏁欏笀鍙互鏍规嵁骞煎効璇█鑳藉姏璇勪环鐨勫唴瀹硅嚜琛岃璁℃鏍歌〃鏉ュ骞煎効寮�灞曡瀵熻瘎浠凤紝涔熷彲浠ラ噰鐢ㄤ粬浜虹爺绌朵腑浣跨敤鐨勬鏍歌〃鏉ュ骞煎効杩涜瑙傚療锛屽琛�10-3鎵�绀轰负浣滃搧鍙栨牱绯荤粺涓辜鍎胯瑷�涓庢枃瀛﹂鍩熺殑鍙戝睍妫�鏍歌〃銆傛暀甯堥鍏堣鑰冨療骞煎効鍦ㄥ彂灞曟鏍歌〃涓婃瘡涓�椤圭洰鐨勭瓑绾э紙琛ㄤ腑鍒楀嚭鐨勬槸涓�瀛﹀勾鐨勬鏍歌〃锛屽鏋滆瘎浠风殑鏄紑瀛︽椂鐨勮〃鐜帮紝鍙瀹¤妫�鏍歌〃鈥滃紑瀛︹�濇鐨勭瓑绾э級锛屾瘡涓」鐩兘鏈変笁涓瓑绾э紝鍒嗗埆鏄�滃皻鏈彂灞曗�濃�滃彂灞曚腑鈥濆強鈥滅啛缁冣�濓紱鎺ョ潃锛岀粺璁℃鏍歌〃鍐呭悇棰嗗煙鎵�鍑虹幇鐨勭瓑绾фā寮忥紝鏍规嵁鑾峰緱鐨勭瓑绾ф潵璇勫畾骞煎効鐨勮〃鐜版槸鈥滅鍚堟湡鏈涒�濇垨鈥滈渶瑕佸姞娌光�濄��
+ </p>
+ <p class="img">
+ 琛�10-3 骞煎効璇█涓庢枃瀛﹂鍩熷垵绾у彂灞曟鏍歌〃<a id="w5"></a
+ ><a href="chapter010.html#m5"><sup>[5]</sup></a>
+ </p>
+ <p class="center openImgBox">
+ <img class="img-0" alt="" src="../../images/0271-1.jpg" />
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m5"></a><a href="chapter010.html#w5">[5]</a>
+ 椹垐路杩笇鐗圭背鍕掞紝鏈辫开路闆呭竷闅嗭紝闃跨淮濞兟峰灏斿か鏇硷紝绛�.浣滃搧鍙栨牱绯荤粺锛氭暀瀹ら噷鐨勭湡瀹炴�ц〃鐜拌瘎浠凤蓟M锛�.寤栧嚖鐟烇紝闄堝Э鍏帮紝璇�.鍗椾含锛氬崡浜笀鑼冨ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2009锛�111-114.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="259">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(259) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">252</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p class="img">
+ 琛�10-3 骞煎効璇█涓庢枃瀛﹂鍩熷垵绾у彂灞曟鏍歌〃<a id="w5"></a
+ ><a href="chapter010.html#m5"><sup>[5]</sup></a>
+ </p>
+ <p class="center openImgBox">
+ <img class="img-0" alt="" src="../../images/0271-1.jpg" />
+ </p>
+ <h4 id="d204">锛堜簲锛夎嚜鐢卞彊杩拌瘎浠锋硶</h4>
+ <p>
+ 鑷敱鍙欒堪璇勪环娉曟槸灏嗗鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勬剰瑙併�佸垽鏂�佹劅鎯崇瓑鑷敱鍦拌鍑烘潵鎴栧啓涓嬫潵锛岄�氳繃鍙ｅご璇█鎴栨枃瀛楀彊杩扮殑褰㈠紡瀵规暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄥ姞浠ヨ瘎浠风殑鏂规硶銆�<a
+ id="w6"
+ ></a
+ ><a href="chapter010.html#m6"><sup>[6]</sup></a
+ >杩欑鏂规硶鏃㈤�傚悎浜庤嚜鎴戣瘎浠凤紝涔熼�傚悎浜庡浠栦汉鐨勮瘎浠枫�傚父瑙佺殑褰㈠紡灏辨槸鏁欏笀鐨勫惉璇捐褰曚互鍙婃暀甯堢殑鏁欐鑷瘎鍜岃鍚庡皬缁撱��
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 鑷敱鍙欒堪璇勪环娉曠殑鏈�澶х壒鐐规槸涓嶉渶瑕佽繘琛屽畾閲忓垎鏋愶紝涓嶉渶瑕佷笓闂ㄧ殑璇勪环宸ュ叿鍜屽鏉傜殑璇勪环绋嬪簭锛屽彧闇�瑕佹寜鐓у辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛璇勪环鐨勫唴瀹硅繘琛屽垎鏋愯瘎浠峰嵆鍙�傚叿浣撴潵璇达紝鍦ㄤ娇鐢ㄨ嚜鐢卞彊杩拌瘎浠锋硶鏃讹紝瑕佹眰璇勪环鑰呴鍏堣鐪熼槄璇昏瘎浠风殑鍐呭瑕佺偣锛屽娲诲姩涓骞煎効鏁欏笀鐨勮瘎浠凤紝涓昏浠庢暀甯堢殑瑷�璇礌璐ㄥ強甯堝辜浜掑姩鎯呭喌鏉ョ湅锛涘叾娆¤璁ょ湡瑙傚療骞惰褰曟椿鍔ㄧ殑鍏ㄨ繃绋嬶紝骞堕殢鏃惰褰曡嚜宸辩殑鍒ゆ柇鍜屾劅鎯崇瓑锛涙渶鍚庡鐓ц瘎浠风殑鍐呭瑕佺偣鍜屾椿鍔ㄨ褰曪紝瀵瑰辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩杩涜鍏ㄩ潰瀹㈣鐨勮 閲忋�傚琛�10-4鎵�鏄剧ず鐨勫氨鏄竴浣嶆暀甯堣繍鐢ㄨ嚜鐢卞彊杩拌瘎浠锋硶瀵规暣涓暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄧ殑璁板綍涓庡垎鏋愩��
+ </p>
+ <hr />
+ <p class="note">
+ <a id="m6"></a><a href="chapter010.html#w6">[6]</a>
+ 寮犳槑绾�.瀛﹀墠鍎跨璇█鏁欒偛锛籑锛�.涓婃捣锛氬崕涓滃笀鑼冨ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2001锛�338-339.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="260">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(260) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗崄绔� 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛璇勪环</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">253</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p class="img">琛�10-4 鏌愪綅鏁欏笀杩愮敤鑷敱鍙欒堪璇勪环娉曡鎽╂椿鍔ㄨ褰曡〃</p>
+ <p class="center openImgBox">
+ <img class="img-0" alt="" src="../../images/0273-1.jpg" />
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk2">
+ <p class="center"><b>鏈珷灏忕粨</b></p>
+ <p>
+ 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛璇勪环锛屽嵆鏀堕泦鏁欒偛娲诲姩绯荤粺鍚勬柟闈㈢殑淇℃伅锛屽苟渚濇嵁涓�瀹氱殑瀹㈣鏍囧噯瀵瑰辜鍎胯瑷�鍙戝睍鐘跺喌鍜屽辜鍎胯瑷�鏁欒偛杩囩▼銆佸唴瀹广�佹柟娉曘�佹晥鏋滅瓑鍋氬嚭瀹㈣鐨勮 閲忓拰绉戝鐨勫垽瀹氱殑杩囩▼銆傚辜鍎垮洯鏁欒偛璇勪环鍏锋湁璇婃柇銆佸鍚戙�佷績杩涗綔鐢紝瀹冭皟鑺傘�佹帶鍒跺拰寮曞鐫�鏁翠釜璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩杩囩▼锛屼娇涔嬫湞鐫�璇█鏁欒偛鐨勯鏈熺洰鏍囧墠杩涳紝浠庤�屼績杩涘辜鍎胯瑷�鑳藉姏鐨勫彂灞曘�傚湪杩涜骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛璇勪环鏃讹紝闇�瑕侀伒寰瑙傛�у師鍒欍�佸叏闈㈡�у師鍒欍�佸彂灞曟�у師鍒欎互鍙婂弬涓庢�у師鍒欍�傚骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勮瘎浠峰寘鎷骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鐨勮瘎浠枫�佸骞煎効璇█瀛︿範琛屼负鐨勮瘎浠蜂互鍙婂骞煎効鏁欏笀鏁欏琛屼负鐨勮瘎浠枫�傚湪璇勪环鏃讹紝鍙患鍚堣繍鐢ㄨ瀵熻瘎浠锋硶銆佽皥璇濇硶銆侀棶鍗疯皟鏌ユ硶銆佺患鍚堢瓑绾ц瘎瀹氭硶浠ュ強鑷敱鍙欒堪璇勪环娉曠瓑銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="261">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(261) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c pad-t-55 pad-l-14 mb-25 header-left">
+ <li class="header-left-Number">254</li>
+ <li class="header-left-text">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵�</li>
+ <img
+ class="header-left-img"
+ src="../../images/yemei-left.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ </ul>
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p><span class="zt-1">鍏抽敭鏈</span></p>
+ <div class="tp-8">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-3" alt="" src="../../images/tb-9.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+
+ <p class="notIndent">骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛璇勪环</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">鍏ㄩ潰鎬у師鍒�</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">鍙戝睍鎬у師鍒�</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">鍙備笌鎬у師鍒�</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">瑙傚療璇勪环娉�</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">缁煎悎绛夌骇璇勫畾娉�</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="notIndent">闂嵎璋冩煡娉�</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="1"></textarea>
+ </div>
+
+ <p>
+ <span class="zt-2">鎬�</span><span class="zt-3">鑰�</span
+ ><span class="zt-2">棰�</span>
+ </p>
+ <div class="tp-9">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-6" alt="" src="../../images/tb-10.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p>1.骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛璇勪环鐨勪綔鐢ㄦ槸浠�涔堬紵</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 2.骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛璇勪环涓�鑸閬靛惊鍝簺鍘熷垯锛熻鏄庝负浠�涔堣閬靛惊杩欎簺鍘熷垯銆�
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p>3.骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛璇勪环鐨勫唴瀹逛富瑕佸寘鎷摢浜涙柟闈紵</p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="left"><span class="bj4">瀹炶缁冧範</span></p>
+ <p>
+ 瑙傛懇涓�娆″辜鍎垮洯璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩锛岀粨鍚堟墍瀛︾殑骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛璇勪环鐨勭煡璇嗭紝瀵瑰叾杩涜璇勪环銆�
+ </p>
+ <div class="bk-xyx">
+ <textarea rows="6"></textarea>
+ </div>
+ <p class="left1">
+ <span class="zt-3">鎷�</span><span class="zt-2">灞�</span
+ ><span class="zt-3">闃�</span><span class="zt-2">璇�</span>
+ </p>
+ <div class="tp-10">
+ <p><img class="rwmb-6" alt="" src="../../images/tb-11.png" /></p>
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ 1.椹垐路杩笇鐗圭背鍕掞紝绛�.浣滃搧鍙栨牱绯荤粺锛氭暀瀹ら噷鐨勭湡瀹炴�ц〃鐜拌瘎浠凤蓟M锛�.寤栧嚖鐟烇紝闄堝Э鍏帮紝璇�.鍗椾含锛氬崡浜笀鑼冨ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2009.
+ </p>
+ <p class="block">
+ 璇ヤ功涓昏璁茶堪浜嗕竴绉嶈瘎浠锋柟娉曞強杩愮敤銆備綔鍝佸彇鏍风郴缁熸槸涓�绉嶇湡瀹炴�ц〃鐜拌瘎浠凤紝鐩殑鍦ㄤ簬鍗忓姪鏁欏笀杩愮敤鏁欏鍐呯湡瀹炵殑缁忛獙銆佹椿鍔ㄤ笌浣滃搧鏉ヨ褰曞苟璇勪环骞煎効鐨勬妧宸с�佺煡璇嗗拰琛屼负銆備粩缁嗛槄璇讳功涓叧浜庡皬鐝�佷腑鐝�佸ぇ鐝辜鍎胯瑷�涓庢枃瀛﹂鍩熺殑鍙戝睍鎸囧紩锛屽皢鏈夊姪浜庤瘎浠风壒瀹氱殑鐭ヨ瘑銆佹妧宸т笌琛屼负銆�
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2.鍒樼劚锛屾綐鏈堝.涓浗骞煎効鍥暀鑲茶川閲忚瘎浠烽噺琛細鍒嗗唽2锛屽煄涔＄増[M].鍖椾含锛氬寳浜笀鑼冨ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2019.
+ </p>
+ <p class="block">
+ 璇ヤ功鏄湪骞挎硾寰佹眰骞煎効鍥洯闀垮拰淇濇暀宸ヤ綔浜哄憳鎰忚鐨勫熀纭�涓婂舰鎴愮殑銆侀�傚悎褰撳墠鎴戝浗骞煎効鍥暀鑲叉敼闈╀笌鍙戝睍瀹為檯鎯呭喌鐨勩�佸叿鏈夎緝寮虹殑寮曢鎬у拰鍙搷浣滄�х殑骞煎効鍥暀鑲茶川閲忚瘎浠峰伐鍏枫�傝涔﹀湪娑夊強璇█鏁欒偛璇勪环閮ㄥ垎锛屼粠璇█鏉愭枡鎻愪緵鍙婄幆澧冨垱璁俱�佸�惧惉鍜岃〃杈俱�佹棭鏈熻鍐欎笁涓柟闈㈠骞煎効鍥殑璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩杩涜璇勪环銆傝鑰呭湪寮�灞曡瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩璇勪环鏃讹紝鍙互鍙傝�冨�熼壌銆�
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="page-box" page="262">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(262) > -1">
+ <ul class="fl al-c jc-fe pad-t-55 mb-25 pad-r-14">
+ <img
+ class="headerTextImg"
+ src="../../images/yemei-right.png"
+ alt=""
+ />
+ <li class="headerText">绗崄绔� 骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛璇勪环</li>
+ <li class="headerRightNumber">255</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <h1 id="a020">鍙傝�冩枃鐚�</h1>
+ <p>
+ 1.鏇逛腑骞�.鍎跨娓告垙璁猴細鏂囧寲瀛︺�佸績鐞嗗鍜屾暀鑲插涓夌淮瑙嗛噹锛籑锛�.閾跺窛锛氬畞澶忎汉姘戝嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2000.
+ </p>
+ <p>2.浣曚繆鑺�.璇█浜虹被瀛︽暀绋嬶蓟M锛�.鍖椾含锛氫腑澶皯鏃忓ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2005.</p>
+ <p>
+ 3.SHAFFER D
+ R.鍙戝睍蹇冪悊瀛︼細鍎跨涓庨潚灏戝勾锛籑锛�.閭规硴锛岀瓑锛岃瘧.鍖椾含锛氫腑鍥借交宸ヤ笟鍑虹増绀撅紝2005.
+ </p>
+ <p>4.鍛ㄥ參.鏃╂湡闃呰鍙戝睍涓庢暀鑲茬爺绌讹蓟M锛�.鍖椾含锛氭暀鑲茬瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2007.</p>
+ <p>
+ 5.琚佺埍鐜诧紝浣曠鑻�.骞煎効鍥暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵肩瓥鐣ワ蓟M锛�.鍖椾含锛氬寳浜笀鑼冨ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2007.
+ </p>
+ <p>6.鍒樼劚.鍎跨娓告垙閫氳锛籑锛�.鍖椾含锛氬寳浜笀鑼冨ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2008.</p>
+ <p>
+ 7.褰亙榫�.姹夎鍎跨璇█鍙戝睍涓庝績杩涳蓟M锛�.鍖椾含锛氫汉姘戞暀鑲插嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2008.
+ </p>
+ <p>8.鐜嬫硥鏍�.骞煎効鏂囧鏁欑▼锛籑锛�.鍖椾含锛氬寳浜笀鑼冨ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2009.</p>
+ <p>
+ 9.椹垐路杩笇鐗圭背鍕掞紝绛�.浣滃搧鍙栨牱绯荤粺锛氭暀瀹ら噷鐨勭湡瀹炴�ц〃鐜拌瘎浠凤蓟M锛�.寤栧嚖鐟烇紝闄堝Э鍏帮紝璇�.鍗椾含锛氬崡浜笀鑼冨ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2009.
+ </p>
+ <p>10.閯㈣秴浜�.瀛﹀墠鏁欒偛璇勪环锛籑锛�.鍖椾含锛氶珮绛夋暀鑲插嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2010.</p>
+ <p>11.绁濆＋濯�.瀛﹀墠鍎跨璇█鏁欒偛锛籑锛�.鍖椾含锛氬寳浜笀鑼冨ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2011.</p>
+ <p>
+ 12.涔斅稬.寮楃綏鏂壒锛岀瓑.娓告垙鍜屽効绔ュ彂灞曪蓟M锛�.鍞愭檽濞燂紝寮犺儰锛岃瘧.鍗椾含锛氭睙鑻忔暀鑲插嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2011.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 13.鑸.骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵硷蓟M锛�.鍖椾含锛氬寳浜笀鑼冨ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2012.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 14.鑳＄.骞煎効鍥暀鑲叉椿鍔ㄦ渚嬬偣璇勶蓟M锛�.姝︽眽锛氭姹夌悊宸ュぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2012.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 15.MACHADO J
+ M.骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛锛籑锛�.鐜嬫嚳棰栵紝绛夛紝璇�.鍖椾含锛氬寳浜笀鑼冨ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2012.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 16.浣曡姍钃夛紝鑳￠櫟.瀛﹀墠鍎跨璇█鏁欒偛锛籑锛�.鎴愰兘锛氳タ鍗椾氦閫氬ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2013.
+ </p>
+ <p>17.鍐妗�.瀛﹀墠鍎跨璇█鏁欒偛锛籑锛�.閮戝窞锛氶儜宸炲ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2013.</p>
+ <p>18.鏉惧眳鐩�.鎵撳紑缁樻湰涔嬬溂锛籑锛�.鏋楅潤锛岃瘧.娴峰彛锛氬崡娴峰嚭鐗堝叕鍙革紝2013.</p>
+ <p>
+ 19.鑻徛峰厠鎷夊厠路娌冪憻濮�.瀛﹀墠鏁欒偛璇勪环锛籑锛�.鍚戞捣鑻憋紝璇�.鍖椾含锛氬寳浜笀鑼冨ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2013.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 20.鍩虹鏁欒偛鏁欏鐮旂┒璇鹃缁�.骞煎効鍥瑷�鏁欒偛娲诲姩鎸囧锛籑锛�.鍖椾含锛氶珮绛夋暀鑲插嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2014.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 21.濮滄檽鐕曪紝閮拸姊�.瀛﹀墠鍎跨璇█鏁欒偛锛籑锛�.鍖椾含锛氶珮绛夋暀鑲插嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2014.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 22.鍒樺疂鏍�.瀛﹀墠鍎跨璇█鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵硷蓟M锛�.涓婃捣锛氬崕涓滃笀鑼冨ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2014.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 23.娼樻湀濞燂紝钁ｈ帋鑾�.骞煎効鍥暀鑲茶瘎浠凤蓟M锛�.鍖椾含锛氶珮绛夋暀鑲插嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2014.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 24.寮犳槑绾�.瀛﹀墠鍎跨璇█鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵硷蓟M锛�.涓婃捣锛氬崕涓滃笀鑼冨ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2014.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 25.寮犱簯绉嬶紝绛�.姹夎鍎跨鏃╂湡璇█鐨勫彂灞曪蓟M锛�.鍖椾含锛氬晢鍔″嵃涔﹂锛�2014.
+ </p>
+ <p>26.闄堝.骞煎効璇█鏁欒偛涓庢椿鍔ㄦ寚瀵硷蓟M锛�.鍗椾含锛氭睙鑻忔暀鑲插嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2013.</p>
+ <p>
+ 27.寮犲姞钃夛紝鍗紵.瀛﹀墠鍎跨璇█鏁欒偛娲诲姩鎸囧锛籑锛�.涓婃捣锛氬鏃﹀ぇ瀛﹀嚭鐗堢ぞ锛�2005.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="page-box" page="263">
+ <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(263) > -1">
+
+ <div class="bodystyle">
+ <p class="center">
+ <img alt="" class="imz coverImg" src="../../images/FD.jpg" />
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+</div>
+ </div>
+</template>
+
+<script>
+import { getResourcePath } from "@/assets/methods/resources";
+export default {
+ name: "chapter009",
+ props: {
+ showPageList: {
+ type: Array,
+ },
+ resourceList: {
+ type: Object,
+ },
+ },
+ data() {
+ return {
+ chapter004: {},
+ videoUrl: {},
+ example: [
+ {
+ isComplete: false,
+ isShowAnswer: false,
+ unit: [
+ {
+ txt: "骞煎効鍥暀鑲插伐浣滆瘎浠峰簲褰擄紙銆�銆�锛�",
+ isRight: null,
+ answer: "C",
+ userAnswer: "",
+ option: [
+ {
+ txt: "浠ヨ鏀夸汉鍛樿瘎浠蜂负涓伙紝涓撳绛夊弬涓庤瘎浠蜂负杈�",
+ value: "A",
+ },
+ {
+ txt: "浠ュ洯闀胯嚜璇勪负涓伙紝鏁欏笀绛夊弬涓庤瘎浠蜂负杈�",
+ value: "B",
+ },
+ {
+ txt: "浠ユ暀甯堣嚜璇勪负涓伙紝鍥暱绛夊弬涓庤瘎浠蜂负杈�",
+ value: "C",
+ },
+ {
+ txt: "浠ュ闀胯瘎浠蜂负涓伙紝骞煎効绛夊弬涓庤瘎浠蜂负杈�",
+ value: "D",
+ },
+ ],
+ },
+ ],
+ },
+ ],
+ videoMd5: {
+ v80: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[48],
+ name: "灏忕彮鍚娓告垙锛氬府濡堝涔颁笢瑗�",
+ },
+ v81: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[49],
+ name: "灏忕彮鍚娓告垙锛氬皬楦″悆涓滆タ",
+ },
+ v82: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[50],
+ name: "涓彮鍚娓告垙锛氬▋濞冨閲屾湁浠�涔�",
+ },
+ v83: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[51],
+ name: "灏忕彮鍚娓告垙锛氬敱姝屾瘮璧�",
+ },
+ v84: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[52],
+ name: "灏忕彮鍚娓告垙锛氳皝鏉ヤ簡",
+ },
+ v85: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[53],
+ name: "灏忕彮鍚娓告垙锛氬皬鍔ㄧ墿鐖卞悆鐨勯鐗�",
+ },
+ v86: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[54],
+ name: "涓彮鍚娓告垙锛氱豢鍙惰埞",
+ },
+ v87: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[56],
+ name: "浣撹偛娓告垙锛氬洓瀛ｅ崰鍦�",
+ },
+ v88: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[57],
+ name: "闊充箰娓告垙锛氬皬楦熷拰澶ц薄",
+ },
+ v89: {
+ md5: this.resourceList[58],
+ name: "鎴峰娲诲姩锛氳嵎鑺卞効鍑犳湀寮�",
+ },
+ },
+ showAnswer3: false,
+ showAnswer2: false,
+ showAnswer1: false,
+ };
+ },
+ methods: {
+ async getVideo(md5, val) {
+ const data = await getResourcePath(md5);
+ this.videoUrl[val] = data;
+ },
+ setBookQuestion() {
+ this.$emit("setBookQuestion", this.chapter004);
+ },
+ goExample(example) {
+ for (let index = 0; index < example.unit.length; index++) {
+ const item = example.unit[index];
+ if (item.userAnswer == item.answer) {
+ item.isRight = true;
+ } else {
+ item.isRight = false;
+ }
+ }
+ example.isComplete = true;
+ example.isShowAnswer = true;
+ },
+ changeExample(example, key) {
+ localStorage.removeItem("toddleGame-book-chapter01-" + key);
+ for (let index = 0; index < example.unit.length; index++) {
+ const item = example.unit[index];
+ item.userAnswer = "";
+ item.isRight = null;
+ }
+ example.isComplete = false;
+ example.isShowAnswer = false;
+ },
+ saveExample(key, example) {
+ localStorage.setItem(
+ "toddleGame-book-chapter01-" + key,
+ JSON.stringify(example)
+ );
+ },
+ },
+ mounted() {
+ for (let key in this.videoMd5) {
+ this.getVideo(this.videoMd5[key].md5, key);
+ }
+ console.log(this.videoUrl);
+ },
+};
+</script>
diff --git a/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/index.vue b/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/index.vue
index 5a9d7b7..0742249 100644
--- a/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/index.vue
+++ b/src/books/kindergartenLanguageActivity/view/components/index.vue
@@ -18,20 +18,53 @@
:showPageList="loadPageList"
></pageHeader>
<chapterOne
- v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(1) > -1"
- :showPageList="loadPageList"
- ></chapterOne>
- <!-- <chapterTwo v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(3) > -1" :showPageList="loadPageList"></chapterTwo> -->
- <!-- <chapterThree v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(4) > -1" :showPageList="loadPageList"></chapterThree> -->
- <chapterFour
v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(2) > -1"
:showPageList="loadPageList"
+ ></chapterOne>
+ <chapterTwo
+ v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(3) > -1"
+ :showPageList="loadPageList"
+ ></chapterTwo>
+ <chapterThree
+ v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(4) > -1"
+ :showPageList="loadPageList"
+ :resourceList="resourceList"
+ ></chapterThree>
+ <chapterFour
+ v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(5) > -1"
+ :showPageList="loadPageList"
+ :resourceList="resourceList"
></chapterFour>
- <!-- <chapterfive v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(6) > -1" :showPageList="loadPageList"></chapterfive> -->
- <!-- <chapterSix v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(7) > -1" :showPageList="loadPageList"></chapterSix> -->
- <!-- <chapterSeven v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(8) > -1" :showPageList="loadPageList"></chapterSeven> -->
- <!-- <chapterEight v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(9) > -1" :showPageList="loadPageList"></chapterEight> -->
- <!-- <chapterNine v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(10) > -1" :showPageList="loadPageList"></chapterNine> -->
+ <chapterfive
+ v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(6) > -1"
+ :showPageList="loadPageList"
+ :resourceList="resourceList"
+ ></chapterfive>
+ <chapterSix
+ v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(7) > -1"
+ :showPageList="loadPageList"
+ :resourceList="resourceList"
+ ></chapterSix>
+ <chapterSeven
+ v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(8) > -1"
+ :showPageList="loadPageList"
+ :resourceList="resourceList"
+ ></chapterSeven>
+ <chapterEight
+ v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(9) > -1"
+ :showPageList="loadPageList"
+ :resourceList="resourceList"
+ ></chapterEight>
+ <chapterNine
+ v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(10) > -1"
+ :showPageList="loadPageList"
+ :resourceList="resourceList"
+ ></chapterNine>
+ <chapterTen
+ v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(11) > -1"
+ :showPageList="loadPageList"
+ :resourceList="resourceList"
+ ></chapterTen>
</div>
</div>
</template>
@@ -40,15 +73,16 @@
import Vue from "vue";
import pageHeader from "./front001";
import chapterOne from "./chapter001.vue";
-// import chapterTwo from './chapter002.vue'
-// import chapterThree from './chapter003.vue'
+import chapterTwo from "./chapter002.vue";
+import chapterThree from "./chapter003.vue";
import chapterFour from "./chapter004.vue";
-// import chapterfive from './chapter005.vue'
+import chapterfive from "./chapter005.vue";
-// import chapterSix from './chapter006.vue'
-// import chapterSeven from './chapter007.vue'
-// import chapterEight from './chapter008.vue'
-// import chapterNine from './chapter009.vue'
+import chapterSix from "./chapter006.vue";
+import chapterSeven from "./chapter007.vue";
+import chapterEight from "./chapter008.vue";
+import chapterNine from "./chapter009.vue";
+import chapterTen from "./chapter010.vue";
import NoteIcon from "@/assets/images/biji.png";
import _ from "lodash";
@@ -61,7 +95,7 @@
export default {
data() {
return {
- catalogLength: 2, // 鎬荤珷鑺傛暟
+ catalogLength: 11, // 鎬荤珷鑺傛暟
showCatalogList: [], // 鏄剧ず鐨勭珷鑺�
loadThreshold: 300, // 瑙﹀彂鍔犺浇闃堝��
throttleThreshold: 100, // 鑺傛祦闃堝��
@@ -73,6 +107,7 @@
questionDataMap: {},
renderSignMap: {},
highlightData: null,
+ resourceList: {},
};
},
computed: {
@@ -117,6 +152,11 @@
this.container ? this.container : document
).querySelector(".page-main");
scrollBox.scrollTop = (scrollBox.scrollTop / oldVal) * newVal;
+ },
+ },
+ resourceList: {
+ handler(newVal, oldVal) {
+ this.resourceList = newVal;
},
},
},
@@ -170,7 +210,7 @@
rootMargin: "0px", // 鎸囧畾鏍瑰厓绱犵殑杈圭晫锛岃繖閲岃涓� "0px"锛岃〃绀烘牴鍏冪礌鐨勮竟鐣屽拰瑙嗙獥鐨勮竟鐣岄噸鍚�
threshold: 0, // 鎸囧畾浜ゅ弶姣斾緥锛岃繖閲岃涓� 0.5锛岃〃绀哄綋鐩爣鍏冪礌涓�鍗婃垨鏇村鏄剧ず鍦ㄨ绐椾腑鏃惰Е鍙戝洖璋冨嚱鏁般��
});
-
+ this.getBookResourceList();
// 鍚姩椤电爜瑙傚療
setTimeout(() => {
this.initObservation();
@@ -179,7 +219,7 @@
// 娴嬭瘯椤甸潰璺宠浆
setTimeout(() => {
- this.gotoPage(2, 10);
+ this.gotoPage(11, 244);
// setTimeout(() => {
// this.renderSign("Highlight", {
// id: "2ACA9359",
@@ -210,6 +250,15 @@
// }, 500)
},
methods: {
+ async getBookResourceList() {
+ this.resourceList = await this.config.getBookResources(
+ process.env.VUE_APP_RESOURCE_CTX +
+ (process.env.VUE_APP_ENV == "product"
+ ? process.env.VUE_APP_BOOK_ID
+ : "kindergartenLanguageActivity")
+ );
+ console.log(this.resourceList, "this.resourceList");
+ },
swdtChange(data) {
console.log("瀛愬簲鐢╬df", data);
if (this.$store.state.qiankun && this.$store.state.qiankun.openPDF) {
@@ -746,14 +795,15 @@
const pageData = {
pageHeader,
chapterOne,
- // chapterTwo,
- // chapterThree,
+ chapterTwo,
+ chapterThree,
chapterFour,
- // chapterfive,
- // chapterSix,
- // chapterSeven,
- // chapterEight,
- // chapterNine
+ chapterfive,
+ chapterSix,
+ chapterSeven,
+ chapterEight,
+ chapterNine,
+ chapterTen
// assemblyOne,
// assemblyTwo,
};
@@ -885,14 +935,15 @@
components: {
pageHeader,
chapterOne,
- // chapterTwo,
- // chapterThree,
+ chapterTwo,
+ chapterThree,
chapterFour,
- // chapterfive,
- // chapterSix,
- // chapterSeven,
- // chapterEight,
- // chapterNine
+ chapterfive,
+ chapterSix,
+ chapterSeven,
+ chapterEight,
+ chapterNine,
+ chapterTen
// assemblyOne,
// assemblyTwo,
// ChapterFour,
diff --git a/src/books/preschoolGameGuidance/css/default.less b/src/books/preschoolGameGuidance/css/default.less
index 7dfe265..86f4d3a 100644
--- a/src/books/preschoolGameGuidance/css/default.less
+++ b/src/books/preschoolGameGuidance/css/default.less
@@ -352,7 +352,7 @@
font-family: '瀹嬩綋';
font-size: 18px;
text-align: justify;
- padding: 10% 10%;
+ padding: 0% 10% 10% 10%;
box-sizing: border-box;
line-height: 30px;
}
--
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