unknown
2024-05-29 03a916ac3d1b763e61890dad6befb76545410b87
优化
25个文件已修改
1个文件已添加
34955 ■■■■ 已修改文件
src/App.vue 2 ●●● 补丁 | 查看 | 原始文档 | blame | 历史
src/books/childHealth/view/content/index.vue 30 ●●●● 补丁 | 查看 | 原始文档 | blame | 历史
src/books/lifeCare/css/default.less 3 ●●●● 补丁 | 查看 | 原始文档 | blame | 历史
src/books/lifeCare/image/zt-pen.png 补丁 | 查看 | 原始文档 | blame | 历史
src/books/lifeCare/index.vue 202 ●●●●● 补丁 | 查看 | 原始文档 | blame | 历史
src/books/lifeCare/js/examinationList.js 20 ●●●● 补丁 | 查看 | 原始文档 | blame | 历史
src/books/lifeCare/view/chapter001.vue 2066 ●●●● 补丁 | 查看 | 原始文档 | blame | 历史
src/books/lifeCare/view/chapter002.vue 2474 ●●●● 补丁 | 查看 | 原始文档 | blame | 历史
src/books/lifeCare/view/chapter003.vue 4591 ●●●● 补丁 | 查看 | 原始文档 | blame | 历史
src/books/lifeCare/view/chapter004.vue 2321 ●●●● 补丁 | 查看 | 原始文档 | blame | 历史
src/books/lifeCare/view/chapter005.vue 5171 ●●●● 补丁 | 查看 | 原始文档 | blame | 历史
src/books/lifeCare/view/chapter006.vue 2285 ●●●● 补丁 | 查看 | 原始文档 | blame | 历史
src/books/lifeCare/view/chapter007.vue 4280 ●●●● 补丁 | 查看 | 原始文档 | blame | 历史
src/books/lifeCare/view/chapter008.vue 1799 ●●●● 补丁 | 查看 | 原始文档 | blame | 历史
src/books/lifeCare/view/chapter009.vue 31 ●●●● 补丁 | 查看 | 原始文档 | blame | 历史
src/books/lifeCare/view/chapter010.vue 1066 ●●●● 补丁 | 查看 | 原始文档 | blame | 历史
src/books/lifeCare/view/chapter011.vue 753 ●●●● 补丁 | 查看 | 原始文档 | blame | 历史
src/books/lifeCare/view/chapter012.vue 1137 ●●●● 补丁 | 查看 | 原始文档 | blame | 历史
src/books/lifeCare/view/chapter013.vue 1086 ●●●● 补丁 | 查看 | 原始文档 | blame | 历史
src/books/lifeCare/view/chapter014.vue 3115 ●●●● 补丁 | 查看 | 原始文档 | blame | 历史
src/books/lifeCare/view/chapter015.vue 1088 ●●●● 补丁 | 查看 | 原始文档 | blame | 历史
src/books/lifeCare/view/chapter016.vue 744 ●●●● 补丁 | 查看 | 原始文档 | blame | 历史
src/books/lifeCare/view/chapter017.vue 533 ●●●● 补丁 | 查看 | 原始文档 | blame | 历史
src/books/lifeCare/view/chapter018.vue 155 ●●●●● 补丁 | 查看 | 原始文档 | blame | 历史
src/components/drawflow/index.vue 2 ●●● 补丁 | 查看 | 原始文档 | blame | 历史
src/components/examinations/index.vue 1 ●●●● 补丁 | 查看 | 原始文档 | blame | 历史
src/App.vue
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@
    } else {
      this.activeBook = await this.config.getBookConfig(
        // childHealth
        this.config.resourceCtx + "childHealth"
        this.config.resourceCtx + "lifeCare"
      );
      // 测试试读30页
      // this.activeBook.tryPageCount = 10;
src/books/childHealth/view/content/index.vue
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
      :style="{
        fontSize: fontSize ? fontSize + 'px' : '16px',
        transform: `scale(${pageZoom ? pageZoom : 1})`,
        transformOrigin: 'center top'
        transformOrigin: 'center top',
      }"
    >
      <pageHeader
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@
      observer: null,
      loadPageObserver: null,
      loadPageList: [],
      questionData: {}
      questionData: {},
    };
  },
  computed: {
@@ -118,11 +118,11 @@
    },
    pageZoom() {
      return this.$store.state.qiankun.scale / 100;
    }
    },
  },
  provide() {
    return {
      changeQuestionData: this.changeQuestionData
      changeQuestionData: this.changeQuestionData,
    };
  },
  watch: {
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@
        ) {
          // 调用父层方法
          this.$store.state.qiankun.catalogChange({
            showCatalogList: newVal
            showCatalogList: newVal,
          });
        }
        // 启动页码观察
@@ -142,8 +142,8 @@
          this.initObservation();
          this.initThemeColor();
        }, 500);
      }
    }
      },
    },
  },
  mounted() {
    // 默认加载章节
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@
        // 删除笔记、高亮、划线
        delSign: (data) => {
          this.delSign(data);
        }
        },
      });
    }
@@ -177,13 +177,13 @@
    this.observer = new IntersectionObserver(this.pageChangeCallback, {
      root: null, // 指定根元素,这里设为 null,表示选取整个视窗作为根元素。
      rootMargin: "0px", // 指定根元素的边界,这里设为 "0px",表示根元素的边界和视窗的边界重合
      threshold: 0.5 // 指定交叉比例,这里设为 0.5,表示当目标元素一半或更多显示在视窗中时触发回调函数。
      threshold: 0.5, // 指定交叉比例,这里设为 0.5,表示当目标元素一半或更多显示在视窗中时触发回调函数。
    });
    this.loadPageObserver = new IntersectionObserver(this.loadPageCallback, {
      root: null, // 指定根元素,这里设为 null,表示选取整个视窗作为根元素。
      rootMargin: "0px", // 指定根元素的边界,这里设为 "0px",表示根元素的边界和视窗的边界重合
      threshold: 0 // 指定交叉比例,这里设为 0.5,表示当目标元素一半或更多显示在视窗中时触发回调函数。
      threshold: 0, // 指定交叉比例,这里设为 0.5,表示当目标元素一半或更多显示在视窗中时触发回调函数。
    });
    // 启动页码观察
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@
          this.showCatalogList = [
            this.catalogLength - 2,
            this.catalogLength - 1,
            this.catalogLength
            this.catalogLength,
          ];
        } else {
          this.showCatalogList = [catalog - 1, catalog, catalog + 1];
@@ -484,7 +484,7 @@
          if (this.$store.state.qiankun && this.$store.state.qiankun.pageChange)
            this.$store.state.qiankun.pageChange({
              page: page,
              catalog: catalog
              catalog: catalog,
            });
          // const sections = Array.from(document.querySelectorAll(".section"));
          //sections:获取所有具有 .section 类名的元素,并转换为数组。
@@ -539,7 +539,7 @@
    },
    changeQuestionData(page, data) {
      this.$props.questionData[page] = data;
    }
    },
  },
  components: {
    pageHeader,
@@ -555,8 +555,8 @@
    chapterTen,
    chapterEleven,
    chapterTwelve,
    chapterThirteen
  }
    chapterThirteen,
  },
};
</script>
src/books/lifeCare/css/default.less
@@ -224,7 +224,6 @@
        }
      }
      .pageHeader-second {
        width: 100%;
        display: flex;
@@ -316,6 +315,8 @@
          background-color: #a5c24f;
        }
      }
    }
    .textareaInput {
src/books/lifeCare/image/zt-pen.png
src/books/lifeCare/index.vue
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
<!-- eslint-disable vue/multi-word-component-names -->
<template>
  <div class="page-main" @scroll="throttledScrollHandler">
    <div
@@ -7,27 +6,28 @@
      :style="{
        fontSize: fontSize ? fontSize + 'px' : '16px',
        transform: `scale(${pageZoom ? pageZoom : 1})`,
        transformOrigin: 'center top'
      }"
    >
      <front001 v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(1) > -1" />
      <ChapterOne v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(2) > -1" />
      <ChapterTwo v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(3) > -1" />
      <ChapterThree v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(4) > -1" />
      <ChapterFour v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(5) > -1" />
      <ChapterFive v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(6) > -1" />
      <chapterSix v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(7) > -1" />
      <chapterSeven v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(8) > -1" />
      <chapterEight v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(9) > -1" />
      <chapterNine v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(10) > -1" />
      <chapter010 v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(11) > -1" />
      <chapter011 v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(12) > -1" />
      <chapter012 v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(13) > -1" />
      <chapter013 v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(14) > -1" />
      <chapter014 v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(15) > -1" />
      <chapter015 v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(16) > -1" />
      <chapter016 v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(17) > -1" />
      <chapter017 v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(18) > -1" />
      <chapter018 v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(19) > -1" />
    <front001 v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(1) > -1" :showPageList="loadPageList" />
      <ChapterOne v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(2) > -1" :showPageList="loadPageList" :questionData="questionData"/>
      <ChapterTwo v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(3) > -1" :showPageList="loadPageList" :questionData="questionData"/>
      <ChapterThree v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(4) > -1"  :showPageList="loadPageList" :questionData="questionData"/>
      <ChapterFour v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(5) > -1"  :showPageList="loadPageList" :questionData="questionData"/>
      <ChapterFive v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(6) > -1"  :showPageList="loadPageList" :questionData="questionData"/>
      <chapterSix v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(7) > -1"  :showPageList="loadPageList" :questionData="questionData"/>
      <chapterSeven v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(8) > -1"  :showPageList="loadPageList" :questionData="questionData"/>
      <chapterEight v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(9) > -1"  :showPageList="loadPageList" :questionData="questionData"/>
      <chapterNine v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(10) > -1"  :showPageList="loadPageList" :questionData="questionData"/>
      <chapter010 v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(11) > -1"  :showPageList="loadPageList" />
      <chapter011 v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(12) > -1"  :showPageList="loadPageList" />
      <chapter012 v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(13) > -1"  :showPageList="loadPageList" />
      <chapter013 v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(14) > -1"  :showPageList="loadPageList" />
      <chapter014 v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(15) > -1"  :showPageList="loadPageList" />
      <chapter015 v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(16) > -1"  :showPageList="loadPageList" />
      <chapter016 v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(17) > -1"  :showPageList="loadPageList" />
      <chapter017 v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(18) > -1"  :showPageList="loadPageList" />
      <chapter018 v-if="showCatalogList.indexOf(19) > -1"  :showPageList="loadPageList" />
    </div>
  </div>
</template>
@@ -54,21 +54,38 @@
import chapter018 from "./view/chapter018";
import NoteIcon from "@/assets/images/biji.png";
import _ from "lodash";
import getQuestionList from "@/assets/methods/examination";
import testData from "./js/examinationList";
export default {
  data() {
    return {
      catalogLength: 18, // 总章节数
      catalogLength: 19, // 总章节数
      showCatalogList: [], // 显示的章节
      loadThreshold: 300, // 触发加载阈值
      throttleThreshold: 100, // 节流阈值
      previousScrollTop: 0,
      throttledScrollHandler: null,
      observer: null,
      loadPageObserver: null,
      loadPageList: [],
      questionData: {}
    };
  },
  computed: {
    fontSize() {
      return this.$store.state.qiankun.fontSize;
    },
    pageZoom() {
      return this.$store.state.qiankun.scale / 100;
    }
  },
  provide() {
    return {
      changeQuestionData: this.changeQuestionData
    };
  },
  watch: {
    showCatalogList: {
      // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars
      handler(newVal, oldVal) {
        if (
          this.$store.state.qiankun &&
@@ -76,7 +93,7 @@
        ) {
          // 调用父层方法
          this.$store.state.qiankun.catalogChange({
            showCatalogList: newVal,
            showCatalogList: newVal
          });
        }
        // 启动页码观察
@@ -84,12 +101,12 @@
          this.initObservation();
          this.initThemeColor();
        }, 500);
      },
    },
      }
    }
  },
  mounted() {
    // 默认加载章节
    this.showCatalogList = [1];
    this.showCatalogList = [11];
    // 滚动监听节流
    this.throttledScrollHandler = _.throttle(
      this.scrollFun,
@@ -110,7 +127,7 @@
        // 删除笔记、高亮、划线
        delSign: (data) => {
          this.delSign(data);
        },
        }
      });
    }
@@ -119,7 +136,13 @@
    this.observer = new IntersectionObserver(this.pageChangeCallback, {
      root: null, // 指定根元素,这里设为 null,表示选取整个视窗作为根元素。
      rootMargin: "0px", // 指定根元素的边界,这里设为 "0px",表示根元素的边界和视窗的边界重合
      threshold: 0.5, // 指定交叉比例,这里设为 0.5,表示当目标元素一半或更多显示在视窗中时触发回调函数。
      threshold: 0.5 // 指定交叉比例,这里设为 0.5,表示当目标元素一半或更多显示在视窗中时触发回调函数。
    });
    this.loadPageObserver = new IntersectionObserver(this.loadPageCallback, {
      root: null, // 指定根元素,这里设为 null,表示选取整个视窗作为根元素。
      rootMargin: "0px", // 指定根元素的边界,这里设为 "0px",表示根元素的边界和视窗的边界重合
      threshold: 0 // 指定交叉比例,这里设为 0.5,表示当目标元素一半或更多显示在视窗中时触发回调函数。
    });
    // 启动页码观察
@@ -146,35 +169,6 @@
    //     }, 2000);
    //   }, 1000);
    // }, 3000);
  },
  components: {
    front001,
    ChapterOne,
    ChapterTwo,
    ChapterThree,
    ChapterFour,
    ChapterFive,
    chapterSix,
    chapterSeven,
    chapterEight,
    chapterNine,
    chapter010,
    chapter011,
    chapter012,
    chapter013,
    chapter014,
    chapter015,
    chapter016,
    chapter017,
    chapter018,
  },
  computed: {
    fontSize() {
      return this.$store.state.qiankun.fontSize;
    },
    pageZoom() {
      return this.$store.state.qiankun.scale / 100;
    },
  },
  methods: {
    getParentWithClass(element, className) {
@@ -228,7 +222,6 @@
        }
      }
    },
    // 滚动监听
    scrollFun(event) {
      // 判断向上滚动还是向下滚动
@@ -236,7 +229,6 @@
        // 向下
        const currentScrollTop =
          event.target.scrollTop + event.target.offsetHeight;
        if (
          currentScrollTop >=
          event.target.scrollHeight - this.loadThreshold
@@ -285,7 +277,7 @@
          this.showCatalogList = [
            this.catalogLength - 2,
            this.catalogLength - 1,
            this.catalogLength,
            this.catalogLength
          ];
        } else {
          this.showCatalogList = [catalog - 1, catalog, catalog + 1];
@@ -336,7 +328,7 @@
            // 笔记
            pageDom.innerHTML = pageDom.innerHTML.replace(
              reg,
              `<span datatype="Note" dataid="${data.id}" style="border-bottom-color:${data.color}" class="notesline" onclick="signClick('Note','${data.id}','${data.chapterNum}')" onmouseover="noteHover('Note','${data.id}','${data.chapterNum}')">${data.txt}<img src="${NoteIcon}" style="cursor: pointer" /></span>`
              `<span datatype="Note" dataid="${data.id}" style="border-bottom-color:${data.color}" class="notesline" onclick="signClick('Note','${data.id}','${data.chapterNum}')" onmouseover="noteHover('Note','${data.id}','${data.chapterNum}')" onmouseout="noteOut">${data.txt}<img src="${NoteIcon}"/></span>`
            );
            break;
        }
@@ -374,11 +366,26 @@
        this.container ? this.container : document
      ).querySelectorAll(".page-box");
      sections.forEach((section) => {
        if (this.config.activeBook && this.config.activeBook.tryPageCount) {
          const page = section.getAttribute("page");
          if (Number(page) > this.config.activeBook.tryPageCount) {
            let chapterDom = this.getParentWithClass(section, "chapter");
            const chapterNum = chapterDom.getAttribute("num");
            this.catalogLength = Number(chapterNum) - 1;
            section.remove();
            return false;
          }
        }
        //observer 观察每个元素,以便在它们进入或离开视窗时触发回调函数。
        const isObserver = section.getAttribute("observer");
        const isLoadObserver = section.getAttribute("loadObserver");
        if (!isObserver) {
          this.observer.observe(section);
          section.setAttribute("observer", "1");
        }
        if (!isLoadObserver) {
          this.loadPageObserver.observe(section);
          section.setAttribute("loadObserver", "1");
        }
      });
    },
@@ -461,7 +468,6 @@
        }
      });
    },
    // eslint-disable-next-line
    getParentWithClass(element, className) {
      while (element.parentElement) {
        element = element.parentElement;
@@ -470,7 +476,6 @@
        }
      }
    },
    // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars
    pageChangeCallback(entries, observer) {
      //entries:代表观察到的目标元素的集合。 observer:代表观察者对象。
      entries.forEach((entry) => {
@@ -484,11 +489,12 @@
            "chapter"
          );
          const catalog = catalogDom.getAttribute("num");
          console.log(page, "page", catalog, "catalog");
          // 返回页码和章节信息
          if (this.$store.state.qiankun && this.$store.state.qiankun.pageChange)
            this.$store.state.qiankun.pageChange({
              page: page,
              catalog: catalog,
              catalog: catalog
            });
          // const sections = Array.from(document.querySelectorAll(".section"));
          //sections:获取所有具有 .section 类名的元素,并转换为数组。
@@ -497,6 +503,74 @@
        }
      });
    },
    loadPageCallback(entries, observer) {
      entries.forEach(async (entry) => {
        if (entry.isIntersecting) {
          const target = entry.target;
          const page = target.getAttribute("page");
          if (this.loadPageList.indexOf(page) == -1) {
            //
            const catalogDom = this.tool.getParentNodeByClassName(
              target,
              "chapter"
            );
            const catalog = catalogDom.getAttribute("num");
            if (!this.questionData[page]) {
              if (testData && testData[catalog]) {
                if (testData[catalog][page]) {
                  if (Array.isArray(testData[catalog][page])) {
                    this.questionData[page] = await getQuestionList(
                      [],
                      testData[catalog][page],
                      this.config.activeBook
                    );
                  } else {
                    const obj = {};
                    for (let key in testData[catalog][page]) {
                      obj[key] = await getQuestionList(
                        [],
                        testData[catalog][page][key],
                        this.config.activeBook
                      );
                    }
                    this.questionData[page] = obj;
                  }
                }
              }
            }
            this.loadPageList.push(Number(page));
            if (this.loadPageList.length > 5) {
              // 超过5页
              this.loadPageList.shift();
            }
          }
        }
      });
    },
    changeQuestionData(page, data) {
      this.$props.questionData[page] = data;
    }
  },
  components: {
    front001,
    ChapterOne,
    ChapterTwo,
    ChapterThree,
    ChapterFour,
    ChapterFive,
    chapterSix,
    chapterSeven,
    chapterEight,
    chapterNine,
    chapter010,
    chapter011,
    chapter012,
    chapter013,
    chapter014,
    chapter015,
    chapter016,
    chapter017,
    chapter018,
  }
};
</script>
src/books/lifeCare/js/examinationList.js
@@ -1,27 +1,27 @@
const testData = {
  1: {
    9: [66984, 66985, 66986],
  },
  2: {
    23: [67015, 67016, 67017, 67018, 67019, 67020, 67021],
    15: [66984, 66985, 66986],
  },
  3: {
    48: [67022, 67023, 67024, 67025, 67026, 67027, 67028, 67029, 67030],
    29: [67015, 67016, 67017, 67018, 67019, 67020, 67021],
  },
  4: {
    65: [67031, 67032, 67033, 67034, 67035, 67036, 67037, 67038, 67039],
    54: [67022, 67023, 67024, 67025, 67026, 67027, 67028, 67029, 67030],
  },
  5: {
    94: [67040, 67041, 67042, 67043, 67044, 67045, 67046, 67047],
    70: [67031, 67032, 67033, 67034, 67035, 67036, 67037, 67038, 67039],
  },
  6: {
    108: [67048, 67049, 67050, 67051, 67052, 67053, 67054, 67055],
    99: [67040, 67041, 67042, 67043, 67044, 67045, 67046, 67047],
  },
  7: {
    131: [67056, 67057, 67058, 67059, 67060, 67061],
    113: [67048, 67049, 67050, 67051, 67052, 67053, 67054, 67055],
  },
  8: {
    141: [67062, 67063, 67064, 67065, 67066, 67067],
    136: [67056, 67057, 67058, 67059, 67060, 67061],
  },
  9: {
    146: [67062, 67063, 67064, 67065, 67066, 67067],
  },
};
src/books/lifeCare/view/chapter001.vue
@@ -329,1065 +329,1077 @@
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="10">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">1-4</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(10) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">1-4</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>1.如果你是以上情境中的保育员,该如何避免意外的发生?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter001.textAreaItem.text2"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text2')"
          ></textarea>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>1.如果你是以上情境中的保育员,该如何避免意外的发生?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter001.textAreaItem.text2"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text2')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>
            2.结合阅读手册的专题一的内容,小组讨论婴幼儿生活保育工作的目标及意义。
          </p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter001.textAreaItem.text3"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text3')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <h3 id="c002">
            <span class="bk-h3"
              ><span class="bj1-h3">二</span>  走访托育园 </span
            >
          </h3>
          <p>
            托育园是为0~3岁婴幼儿提供照护的场所。托育园保育是婴幼儿照护服务的重要组成部分,是生命全周期服务管理的重要内容。托育园应创设适宜的环境,合理安排婴幼儿的一日生活和活动,从生活照料、安全看护、平衡膳食和早期学习等方面促进婴幼儿身体和心理的全面发展。婴幼儿生活保育主要包括给婴幼儿提供安全可探索的环境、营养的食物,保证婴幼儿充足的睡眠,指导婴幼儿学习盥洗、如厕、穿脱衣服等生活技能,逐步养成良好的饮食卫生习惯,以及独自入睡和作息规律的良好睡眠习惯。
          </p>
          <p>
            托育园的一日生活流程是怎样的?托育园的保育要求及具体内容又是什么?古人说:“耳闻之不如目见之,目见之不如足践之,足践之不如手辨之。”要想真正了解托育园,还需要实地走访才行。
          </p>
          <h4 id="d004">
            ▶▶ 活动1:制订调研计划<span class="fontsz1">>>>>>>>></span>
          </h4>
          <p><b>①活动准备</b></p>
          <p>
            1.阅读:阅读手册的专题一,以及《托育机构保育指导大纲(试行)》《上海市托幼机构保育工作手册》(上海教育出版社,2010年版)。
          </p>
        </div>
        <p>
          2.结合阅读手册的专题一的内容,小组讨论婴幼儿生活保育工作的目标及意义。
        </p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter001.textAreaItem.text3"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text3')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <h3 id="c002">
          <span class="bk-h3"
            ><span class="bj1-h3">二</span>  走访托育园 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <p>
          托育园是为0~3岁婴幼儿提供照护的场所。托育园保育是婴幼儿照护服务的重要组成部分,是生命全周期服务管理的重要内容。托育园应创设适宜的环境,合理安排婴幼儿的一日生活和活动,从生活照料、安全看护、平衡膳食和早期学习等方面促进婴幼儿身体和心理的全面发展。婴幼儿生活保育主要包括给婴幼儿提供安全可探索的环境、营养的食物,保证婴幼儿充足的睡眠,指导婴幼儿学习盥洗、如厕、穿脱衣服等生活技能,逐步养成良好的饮食卫生习惯,以及独自入睡和作息规律的良好睡眠习惯。
        </p>
        <p>
          托育园的一日生活流程是怎样的?托育园的保育要求及具体内容又是什么?古人说:“耳闻之不如目见之,目见之不如足践之,足践之不如手辨之。”要想真正了解托育园,还需要实地走访才行。
        </p>
        <h4 id="d004">
          ▶▶ 活动1:制订调研计划<span class="fontsz1">>>>>>>>></span>
        </h4>
        <p><b>①活动准备</b></p>
        <p>
          1.阅读:阅读手册的专题一,以及《托育机构保育指导大纲(试行)》《上海市托幼机构保育工作手册》(上海教育出版社,2010年版)。
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="11">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">单元一·初始婴幼儿生活保育</span>
              <span class="pageNum">1-5</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(11) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">单元一·初始婴幼儿生活保育</span>
                <span class="pageNum">1-5</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>2.准备资料:互联网上的相关资料。</p>
        <p>
          3.操作材料和设备:彩色纸若干、彩笔若干、签字笔、磁铁若干、电脑、流畅的网络。
        </p>
        <p><b>②活动过程</b></p>
        <p>
          1.成立调研小组。依据自由组合兼顾个人特长的原则确定小组人选,设立组长1名。根据成员的特长分配具体任务,如陈述、记录、拍照等。写明小组成员及分工。
        </p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter001.textAreaItem.text4"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text4')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>2.制订调研计划。</p>
        <p>(1)走访托育园需掌握的信息是什么?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter001.textAreaItem.text5"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text5')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>(2)拟解决的问题有哪些?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter001.textAreaItem.text6"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text6')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>(3)走访的主要任务及内容是什么?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter001.textAreaItem.text7"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text7')"
          ></textarea>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>2.准备资料:互联网上的相关资料。</p>
          <p>
            3.操作材料和设备:彩色纸若干、彩笔若干、签字笔、磁铁若干、电脑、流畅的网络。
          </p>
          <p><b>②活动过程</b></p>
          <p>
            1.成立调研小组。依据自由组合兼顾个人特长的原则确定小组人选,设立组长1名。根据成员的特长分配具体任务,如陈述、记录、拍照等。写明小组成员及分工。
          </p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter001.textAreaItem.text4"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text4')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>2.制订调研计划。</p>
          <p>(1)走访托育园需掌握的信息是什么?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter001.textAreaItem.text5"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text5')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>(2)拟解决的问题有哪些?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter001.textAreaItem.text6"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text6')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>(3)走访的主要任务及内容是什么?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter001.textAreaItem.text7"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text7')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="12">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">1-6</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(12) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">1-6</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>(4)走访的主要流程有哪些?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter001.textAreaItem.text8"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text8')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>(5)走访的时间、方式、主要联系人及联系方式是什么?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter001.textAreaItem.text9"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text9')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>
          3.查找所需信息。重点收集周边托育园的名称、规模、距离、地址、联系人等调研对象的信息,并确定要走访的托育园。
        </p>
        <p>(1)收集的主要信息是什么?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter001.textAreaItem.text10"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text10')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>(2)要走访的托育园的名称是什么?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter001.textAreaItem.text11"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text11')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>(3)选择走访该园的原因是什么?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter001.textAreaItem.text12"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text12')"
          ></textarea>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>(4)走访的主要流程有哪些?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter001.textAreaItem.text8"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text8')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>(5)走访的时间、方式、主要联系人及联系方式是什么?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter001.textAreaItem.text9"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text9')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>
            3.查找所需信息。重点收集周边托育园的名称、规模、距离、地址、联系人等调研对象的信息,并确定要走访的托育园。
          </p>
          <p>(1)收集的主要信息是什么?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter001.textAreaItem.text10"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text10')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>(2)要走访的托育园的名称是什么?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter001.textAreaItem.text11"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text11')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>(3)选择走访该园的原因是什么?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter001.textAreaItem.text12"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text12')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="13">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">单元一·初始婴幼儿生活保育</span>
              <span class="pageNum">1-7</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(13) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">单元一·初始婴幼儿生活保育</span>
                <span class="pageNum">1-7</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>
          4.做好出行规划。查找路线信息,确定出行方式、大致费用,并确定好对方的联系人。
        </p>
        <p>你们组的出行规划是什么?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter001.textAreaItem.text13"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text13')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <h4 id="d005">
          ▶▶ 活动2:调查托育园一日生活保育<span class="fontsz1"
            >>>>>>>>></span
          >
        </h4>
        <p><b>①活动准备</b></p>
        <p>1.阅读:阅读手册的专题一、《托育机构保育指导大纲(试行)》。</p>
        <p>2.预约:与托育园的联系人提前预约走访时间。</p>
        <p>3.出行:确认出行路线、交通方式,根据预约好的时间出行。</p>
        <p>
          4.操作材料和设备:签字笔、记录本、照相机与录音笔(或可以拍照、录像的智能手机)。
        </p>
        <p><b>②活动过程</b></p>
        <p>
          1.取得调研对象的配合。找到提前预约的联系人,介绍自己并说明来意,委托联系人提供满足调研需要的对象,并取得调研对象的配合。
        </p>
        <p>2.开展问题调研。重点调研托育园的一日生活、保育要求及具体内容。</p>
        <p>3.收集调研资料。收集与调研内容相关的文本、照片、视频、音频等。</p>
        <p>4.汇总调研信息。</p>
        <p>(1)走访的托育园的名称是什么?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter001.textAreaItem.text14"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text14')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>(2)走访的托育园一日生活的主要环节有哪些?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter001.textAreaItem.text15"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text15')"
          ></textarea>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>
            4.做好出行规划。查找路线信息,确定出行方式、大致费用,并确定好对方的联系人。
          </p>
          <p>你们组的出行规划是什么?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter001.textAreaItem.text13"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text13')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <h4 id="d005">
            ▶▶ 活动2:调查托育园一日生活保育<span class="fontsz1"
              >>>>>>>>></span
            >
          </h4>
          <p><b>①活动准备</b></p>
          <p>1.阅读:阅读手册的专题一、《托育机构保育指导大纲(试行)》。</p>
          <p>2.预约:与托育园的联系人提前预约走访时间。</p>
          <p>3.出行:确认出行路线、交通方式,根据预约好的时间出行。</p>
          <p>
            4.操作材料和设备:签字笔、记录本、照相机与录音笔(或可以拍照、录像的智能手机)。
          </p>
          <p><b>②活动过程</b></p>
          <p>
            1.取得调研对象的配合。找到提前预约的联系人,介绍自己并说明来意,委托联系人提供满足调研需要的对象,并取得调研对象的配合。
          </p>
          <p>2.开展问题调研。重点调研托育园的一日生活、保育要求及具体内容。</p>
          <p>3.收集调研资料。收集与调研内容相关的文本、照片、视频、音频等。</p>
          <p>4.汇总调研信息。</p>
          <p>(1)走访的托育园的名称是什么?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter001.textAreaItem.text14"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text14')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>(2)走访的托育园一日生活的主要环节有哪些?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter001.textAreaItem.text15"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text15')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="14">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">1-8</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(14) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">1-8</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>(3)了解走访的托育园制订一日生活日程的依据并填表。</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter001.textAreaItem.text16"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text16')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>走访的托育园一日生活日程见表1-1-2。</p>
        <p class="img">表1-1-2 ______托育园一日生活日程</p>
        <div class="chapter01Table">
          <table class="table112">
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th colspan="2">0-1岁日托班</th>
                <th colspan="2">1-2岁日托班</th>
                <th colspan="2">2-3岁日托班</th>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <th>时间</th>
                <th>内容</th>
                <th>时间</th>
                <th>内容</th>
                <th>时间</th>
                <th>内容</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell1"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell1')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell2"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell2')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell3"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell3')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell4"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell4')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell5"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell5')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell6"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell6')"
                  />
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell7"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell7')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell8"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell8')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell9"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell9')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell10"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell10')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell11"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell11')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell12"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell12')"
                  />
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell13"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell13')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell14"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell14')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell15"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell15')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell16"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell16')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell17"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell17')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell18"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell18')"
                  />
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell19"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell19')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell20"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell20')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell21"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell21')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell22"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell22')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell23"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell23')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell24"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell24')"
                  />
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell25"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell25')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell26"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell26')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell27"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell27')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell28"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell28')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell29"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell29')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell30"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell30')"
                  />
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell31"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell31')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell32"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell32')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell33"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell33')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell34"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell34')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell35"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell35')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell36"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell36')"
                  />
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell37"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell37')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell38"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell38')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell39"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell39')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell40"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell40')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell41"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell41')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell42"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell42')"
                  />
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell43"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell43')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell44"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell44')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell45"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell45')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell46"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell46')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell47"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell47')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell48"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell48')"
                  />
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell49"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell49')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell50"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell50')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell51"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell51')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell52"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell52')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell53"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell53')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell54"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell54')"
                  />
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell55"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell55')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell56"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell56')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell57"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell57')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell58"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell58')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell58"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell58')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell60"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell60')"
                  />
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell61"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell61')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell62"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell62')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell63"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell63')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell64"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell64')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell65"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell65')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell66"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell66')"
                  />
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell67"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell67')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell68"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell68')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell69"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell69')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell70"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell70')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell72"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell72')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell73"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell73')"
                  />
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell74"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell74')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell75"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell75')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell76"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell76')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell77"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell77')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell78"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell78')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell79"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell79')"
                  />
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell80"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell80')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell81"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell81')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell82"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell82')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell83"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell83')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell84"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell84')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table112.cell85"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell85')"
                  />
                </td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
          <textarea
            class="textareaInput"
            placeholder="您的评价:"
            :rows="8"
            v-model="chapter001.textareaVal"
            :maxlength="300"
            @blur="onBlurChangeText112"
          ></textarea>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>(3)了解走访的托育园制订一日生活日程的依据并填表。</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter001.textAreaItem.text16"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text16')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>走访的托育园一日生活日程见表1-1-2。</p>
          <p class="img">表1-1-2 ______托育园一日生活日程</p>
          <div class="chapter01Table">
            <table class="table112">
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th colspan="2">0-1岁日托班</th>
                  <th colspan="2">1-2岁日托班</th>
                  <th colspan="2">2-3岁日托班</th>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <th>时间</th>
                  <th>内容</th>
                  <th>时间</th>
                  <th>内容</th>
                  <th>时间</th>
                  <th>内容</th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell1"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell1')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell2"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell2')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell3"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell3')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell4"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell4')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell5"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell5')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell6"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell6')"
                    />
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell7"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell7')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell8"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell8')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell9"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell9')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell10"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell10')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell11"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell11')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell12"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell12')"
                    />
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell13"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell13')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell14"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell14')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell15"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell15')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell16"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell16')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell17"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell17')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell18"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell18')"
                    />
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell19"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell19')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell20"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell20')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell21"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell21')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell22"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell22')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell23"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell23')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell24"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell24')"
                    />
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell25"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell25')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell26"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell26')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell27"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell27')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell28"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell28')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell29"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell29')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell30"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell30')"
                    />
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell31"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell31')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell32"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell32')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell33"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell33')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell34"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell34')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell35"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell35')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell36"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell36')"
                    />
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell37"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell37')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell38"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell38')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell39"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell39')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell40"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell40')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell41"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell41')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell42"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell42')"
                    />
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell43"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell43')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell44"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell44')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell45"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell45')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell46"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell46')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell47"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell47')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell48"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell48')"
                    />
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell49"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell49')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell50"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell50')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell51"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell51')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell52"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell52')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell53"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell53')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell54"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell54')"
                    />
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell55"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell55')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell56"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell56')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell57"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell57')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell58"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell58')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell58"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell58')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell60"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell60')"
                    />
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell61"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell61')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell62"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell62')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell63"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell63')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell64"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell64')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell65"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell65')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell66"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell66')"
                    />
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell67"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell67')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell68"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell68')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell69"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell69')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell70"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell70')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell72"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell72')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell73"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell73')"
                    />
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell74"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell74')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell75"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell75')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell76"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell76')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell77"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell77')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell78"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell78')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell79"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell79')"
                    />
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell80"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell80')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell81"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell81')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell82"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell82')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell83"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell83')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell84"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell84')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table112.cell85"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable112('cell85')"
                    />
                  </td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
            <textarea
              class="textareaInput"
              placeholder="您的评价:"
              :rows="8"
              v-model="chapter001.textareaVal"
              :maxlength="300"
              @blur="onBlurChangeText112"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="15">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">单元一·初始婴幼儿生活保育</span>
              <span class="pageNum">1-9</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(15) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">单元一·初始婴幼儿生活保育</span>
                <span class="pageNum">1-9</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>走访的托育园一日生活保育要求及具体内容见表1-1-3。</p>
        <p class="img">表1-1-3 ______托育园一日生活保育要求及具体内容</p>
        <div style="margin-bottom: 40px">
          <table class="table112 table113">
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th>环节名称</th>
                <th>保育要求</th>
                <th>具体内容</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table113.name1"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable113('name1')"
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>走访的托育园一日生活保育要求及具体内容见表1-1-3。</p>
          <p class="img">表1-1-3 ______托育园一日生活保育要求及具体内容</p>
          <div style="margin-bottom: 40px">
            <table class="table112 table113">
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th>环节名称</th>
                  <th>保育要求</th>
                  <th>具体内容</th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table113.name1"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable113('name1')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table113.demand1"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable113('demand1')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table113.content1"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable113('content1')"
                    />
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table113.name2"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable113('name2')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table113.demand2"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable113('demand2')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table113.content2"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable113('content2')"
                    />
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table113.name3"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable113('name3')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table113.demand3"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable113('demand3')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table113.content3"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable113('content3')"
                    />
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table113.name4"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable113('name4')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table113.demand4"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable113('demand4')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table113.content4"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable113('content4')"
                    />
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table113.name5"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable113('name5')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table113.demand5"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable113('demand5')"
                    />
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <input
                      v-model="chapter001.table113.content5"
                      @blur="onBlurChangeTable113('content5')"
                    />
                  </td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
          </div>
          <p>
            (4)通过与托育园老师的交流,你认为开展婴幼儿生活保育需要具备的知识和技能有哪些?
          </p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter001.textAreaItem.text17"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text17')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>
            (5)收集回访信息。调研执行完毕后,留下调研对象的联系方式,结束后如发现尚未解决的问题,可通过网络、电话等形式回访。
          </p>
          <h4 id="d006">
            ▶▶ 应用与实践<span class="fontsz1">>>>>>>>></span>
          </h4>
          <p><b>论述题</b></p>
          <p>
            1.根据走访托育园所获得的信息,找出并概括托育园一日生活保育与《托育机构保育指导大纲(试行)》相对应的内容。
          </p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter001.radio.desc1"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('desc1')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>
            2.走访托育园,谈谈你对《托育机构保育指导大纲(试行)》中的托育机构保育应遵循的尊重儿童、安全健康、积极回应、科学规范四个基本原则的理解。
          </p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter001.radio.desc2"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('desc2')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>
            3.我们常说0~3岁的婴幼儿是最“柔软”的群体,我们该如何呵护这个群体?
          </p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter001.radio.desc3"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('desc3')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <div class="tips-bk">
            <div class="bj-tip">
              云测试:单元一应用与实践
              <div @click="activityThree">
                <svg
                  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
                  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
                  width="20.115"
                  height="19.988"
                  viewBox="0 0 20.115 19.988"
                >
                  <path
                    class="a"
                    d="M3356.437-15192.012a.568.568,0,0,1-.236-.052.566.566,0,0,1-.271-.744l1.134-2.429h-5.505a.558.558,0,0,1-.557-.558.559.559,0,0,1,.557-.561h19a.559.559,0,0,1,.557.561.558.558,0,0,1-.557.558h-5.505l1.13,2.429a.552.552,0,0,1,.019.427.55.55,0,0,1-.29.313.547.547,0,0,1-.238.055.557.557,0,0,1-.5-.322l-1.355-2.9h-5.52l-1.352,2.9A.563.563,0,0,1,3356.437-15192.012Zm12.442-5.462h-15.645a2.236,2.236,0,0,1-2.233-2.233v-10.06a2.236,2.236,0,0,1,2.233-2.233h15.645a2.238,2.238,0,0,1,2.237,2.233v10.06A2.238,2.238,0,0,1,3368.88-15197.474Zm-4.842-11.732a1.112,1.112,0,0,0-.748.287l-4.986,4.486a1.143,1.143,0,0,0-.309.473l-1.577,2.727a.57.57,0,0,0,.034.61.552.552,0,0,0,.447.229.448.448,0,0,0,.126-.016.55.55,0,0,0,.13-.03l2.871-1.233a1.153,1.153,0,0,0,.523-.268l4.982-4.485a1.121,1.121,0,0,0,.084-1.581l-.748-.828A1.113,1.113,0,0,0,3364.038-15209.206Z"
                    transform="translate(-3351.001 15212)"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table113.demand1"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable113('demand1')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table113.content1"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable113('content1')"
                  />
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table113.name2"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable113('name2')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table113.demand2"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable113('demand2')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table113.content2"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable113('content2')"
                  />
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table113.name3"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable113('name3')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table113.demand3"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable113('demand3')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table113.content3"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable113('content3')"
                  />
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table113.name4"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable113('name4')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table113.demand4"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable113('demand4')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table113.content4"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable113('content4')"
                  />
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table113.name5"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable113('name5')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table113.demand5"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable113('demand5')"
                  />
                </td>
                <td>
                  <input
                    v-model="chapter001.table113.content5"
                    @blur="onBlurChangeTable113('content5')"
                  />
                </td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
        </div>
        <p>
          (4)通过与托育园老师的交流,你认为开展婴幼儿生活保育需要具备的知识和技能有哪些?
        </p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter001.textAreaItem.text17"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text17')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>
          (5)收集回访信息。调研执行完毕后,留下调研对象的联系方式,结束后如发现尚未解决的问题,可通过网络、电话等形式回访。
        </p>
        <h4 id="d006">
          ▶▶ 应用与实践<span class="fontsz1">>>>>>>>></span>
        </h4>
        <p><b>论述题</b></p>
        <p>
          1.根据走访托育园所获得的信息,找出并概括托育园一日生活保育与《托育机构保育指导大纲(试行)》相对应的内容。
        </p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter001.radio.desc1"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('desc1')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>
          2.走访托育园,谈谈你对《托育机构保育指导大纲(试行)》中的托育机构保育应遵循的尊重儿童、安全健康、积极回应、科学规范四个基本原则的理解。
        </p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter001.radio.desc2"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('desc2')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>
          3.我们常说0~3岁的婴幼儿是最“柔软”的群体,我们该如何呵护这个群体?
        </p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter001.radio.desc3"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('desc3')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <div class="tips-bk">
          <div class="bj-tip">
            云测试:单元一应用与实践
            <div @click="activityThree">
              <svg
                xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
                xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
                width="20.115"
                height="19.988"
                viewBox="0 0 20.115 19.988"
              >
                <path
                  class="a"
                  d="M3356.437-15192.012a.568.568,0,0,1-.236-.052.566.566,0,0,1-.271-.744l1.134-2.429h-5.505a.558.558,0,0,1-.557-.558.559.559,0,0,1,.557-.561h19a.559.559,0,0,1,.557.561.558.558,0,0,1-.557.558h-5.505l1.13,2.429a.552.552,0,0,1,.019.427.55.55,0,0,1-.29.313.547.547,0,0,1-.238.055.557.557,0,0,1-.5-.322l-1.355-2.9h-5.52l-1.352,2.9A.563.563,0,0,1,3356.437-15192.012Zm12.442-5.462h-15.645a2.236,2.236,0,0,1-2.233-2.233v-10.06a2.236,2.236,0,0,1,2.233-2.233h15.645a2.238,2.238,0,0,1,2.237,2.233v10.06A2.238,2.238,0,0,1,3368.88-15197.474Zm-4.842-11.732a1.112,1.112,0,0,0-.748.287l-4.986,4.486a1.143,1.143,0,0,0-.309.473l-1.577,2.727a.57.57,0,0,0,.034.61.552.552,0,0,0,.447.229.448.448,0,0,0,.126-.016.55.55,0,0,0,.13-.03l2.871-1.233a1.153,1.153,0,0,0,.523-.268l4.982-4.485a1.121,1.121,0,0,0,.084-1.581l-.748-.828A1.113,1.113,0,0,0,3364.038-15209.206Z"
                  transform="translate(-3351.001 15212)"
                />
              </svg>
                </svg>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
          <div
            v-if="chapter001.idOpenThree && chapter001.qustionData[9]"
            class="tips-file"
          >
            <examinations
              :primaryColor="'#f49a4c'"
              :cardList="chapter001.qustionData[9]"
            />
            <div
              v-if="chapter001.idOpenThree && questionData"
              class="tips-file"
            >
              <examinations
                :primaryColor="'#f49a4c'"
                :cardList="questionData[15]"
              />
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
@@ -1400,11 +1412,11 @@
import examinations from "@/components/examinations/index.vue";
export default {
  // eslint-disable-next-line vue/multi-word-component-names
  name: "chapter001",
  props: {
    showPageList: {
      type: Array,
      default: [],
    },
    questionData: {
      type: Object,
@@ -1433,21 +1445,13 @@
    examinations,
  },
  async created() {
    console.log(this.showPageList,'shoepage')
    const localData = JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem("chapter001"));
    this.chapter001.qustionData = this.questionData
    if (localData) {
      this.chapter001 = { ...Object.assign(this.chapter001, localData) };
    }
    this.chapter001.videOneUrl = getResourcePath(
      "68ebd5c05bcb742999a9ebdce4b4bd53"
    );
    // this.chapter001.qustionData = await getQuestionData(
    //   "1",
    //   testData[1],
    //   this.config.activeBook
    // );
  },
  methods: {
    activityOne() {
@@ -1456,14 +1460,14 @@
    activityThree() {
      this.chapter001.idOpenThree = !this.chapter001.idOpenThree;
    },
    onBlurChange(val) {
    onBlurChange() {
      console.log(this.chapter001, "local");
      localStorage.setItem("chapter001", JSON.stringify(this.chapter001));
    },
    onBlurChangeTable(val) {
    onBlurChangeTable() {
      localStorage.setItem("chapter001", JSON.stringify(this.chapter001));
    },
    onBlurChangeTable112(val) {
    onBlurChangeTable112() {
      localStorage.setItem("chapter001", JSON.stringify(this.chapter001));
    },
    onBlurChangeText112() {
src/books/lifeCare/view/chapter002.vue
@@ -1,243 +1,252 @@
<template>
  <div class="chapter" num="3">
    <div class="page-box" page="16">
      <div class="bodystyle topImg">
        <h2 id="b002"><img class="img-0" alt="" src="../image/dy2.jpg" /></h2>
        <div class="bk">
          <div class="bj1">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/dy-xxmb.jpg" />
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(16) > -1">
        <div class="bodystyle topImg">
          <h2 id="b002"><img class="img-0" alt="" src="../image/dy2.jpg" /></h2>
          <div class="bk">
            <div class="bj1">
              <p class="left">
                <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/dy-xxmb.jpg" />
              </p>
            </div>
            <p class="block">通过本单元的学习,同学们应当实现如下学习目标。</p>
            <p class="block">
              1.实施托育园来园前环境的清洁消毒工作,能识别并排除安全隐患。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              2.根据婴幼儿的年龄特点,准备生活用品及活动材料。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              3.实施婴幼儿晨间健康检查,做好晨检记录和在园(所)婴幼儿带药记录。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              4.接待来园的婴幼儿及家长,教育、指导婴幼儿养成良好的来园习惯,合理存放婴幼儿的个人物品。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              5.初步理解婴幼儿依恋的特点及这一情感对婴幼儿身心发展的价值。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              6.初步感知婴幼儿的个体差异性,尊重婴幼儿,尝试开展来园活动的个别安抚、教育工作。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p class="block">通过本单元的学习,同学们应当实现如下学习目标。</p>
          <p class="block">
            1.实施托育园来园前环境的清洁消毒工作,能识别并排除安全隐患。
          </p>
          <p class="block">2.根据婴幼儿的年龄特点,准备生活用品及活动材料。</p>
          <p class="block">
            3.实施婴幼儿晨间健康检查,做好晨检记录和在园(所)婴幼儿带药记录。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            4.接待来园的婴幼儿及家长,教育、指导婴幼儿养成良好的来园习惯,合理存放婴幼儿的个人物品。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            5.初步理解婴幼儿依恋的特点及这一情感对婴幼儿身心发展的价值。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            6.初步感知婴幼儿的个体差异性,尊重婴幼儿,尝试开展来园活动的个别安抚、教育工作。
          </p>
        </div>
        <div class="bk">
          <div class="bj1">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/dy-xxjy.jpg" />
          <div class="bk">
            <div class="bj1">
              <p class="left">
                <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/dy-xxjy.jpg" />
              </p>
            </div>
            <p class="block">
              为了取得更好的学习效果,建议同学们在学习这部分内容时做到以下几点。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              1.课前预习阅读手册,了解本单元主要的学习任务,收集与来园活动相关的问题及相关视频作为学习的参考资料。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              2.在回答阅读手册中的问题时,除了参考阅读手册,还可以借助相关书籍等参考资料。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              3.借助去托育园走访的见习活动,开展相关内容的调查,操练环境及物品消毒的技能,把所学的知识与托育实践密切结合。
            </p>
            <p class="block">建议学时:1学时。</p>
          </div>
          <p class="block">
            为了取得更好的学习效果,建议同学们在学习这部分内容时做到以下几点。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            1.课前预习阅读手册,了解本单元主要的学习任务,收集与来园活动相关的问题及相关视频作为学习的参考资料。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            2.在回答阅读手册中的问题时,除了参考阅读手册,还可以借助相关书籍等参考资料。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            3.借助去托育园走访的见习活动,开展相关内容的调查,操练环境及物品消毒的技能,把所学的知识与托育实践密切结合。
          </p>
          <p class="block">建议学时:1学时。</p>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="17">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">第二单元·来园活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">1-11</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(17) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">第二单元·来园活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">1-11</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <div class="bk">
          <div class="bj1">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/dy-xxdh.jpg" />
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <div class="bk">
            <div class="bj1">
              <p class="left">
                <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/dy-xxdh.jpg" />
              </p>
            </div>
            <p class="center">
              <el-image
                class="chapter002-img-0035"
                :src="picOneUrl"
                :preview-src-list="picArr"
              />
              <!-- <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0027-1.jpg" /> -->
            </p>
          </div>
          <p class="center">
            <el-image
              class="chapter002-img-0035"
              :src="picOneUrl"
              :preview-src-list="picArr"
            />
            <!-- <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0027-1.jpg" /> -->
          </p>
        </div>
        <div class="bk">
          <div class="bj1">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/dy-xgzl.jpg" />
          <div class="bk">
            <div class="bj1">
              <p class="left">
                <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/dy-xgzl.jpg" />
              </p>
            </div>
            <p class="img">托班保教人员来园工作流程(节选)</p>
            <p class="center">
              <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0027-2.jpg" />
            </p>
          </div>
          <p class="img">托班保教人员来园工作流程(节选)</p>
          <p class="center">
            <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0027-2.jpg" />
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="18">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">1-12</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(18) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">1-12</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h3 id="c003">
          <span class="bk-h3"
            ><span class="bj1-h3">一</span>  来园前的准备 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <p><br /></p>
        <p>
          《托育机构保育指导大纲(试行)》中明确规定:“最大限度地保护婴幼儿的安全和健康,切实做好托育机构的安全防护、营养膳食、疾病防控等工作。”婴幼儿期是身心发展的初级阶段和稚嫩时期。托育园应坚持以婴幼儿为先,将保障其安全和健康作为一切工作的重要前提和基本底线,尊重和保障婴幼儿生存、发展、受保护等权利,提供健康、安全、丰富的生活和活动环境,切实做好托育园的相关工作,最大限度地保护婴幼儿的安全和健康。
        </p>
        <p>
          托育园作为实施婴幼儿保育的重要场所,来园环节是婴幼儿在园一日生活的开始,为婴幼儿创设安全卫生、整洁温馨的物质环境、舒适愉悦的心理环境,有助于实施生活活动,进行生活常规教育,培养婴幼儿良好的生活习惯。
        </p>
        <div class="tips-bk">
          <div class="bj-tip">
            视频:保育员来园工作
            <div @click="activityOne">
              <svg
                xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
                xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
                width="20.863"
                height="20.817"
                viewBox="0 0 19.863 13.817"
              >
                <g transform="translate(-40.961 -184.321)">
                  <path
                    class="a"
                    d="M4.647,1.4a1,1,0,0,1,1.707,0L10.07,7.479A1,1,0,0,1,9.217,9H1.783A1,1,0,0,1,.93,7.479Z"
                    transform="translate(51.824 196.82) rotate(-90)"
                  />
                  <path
                    class="b"
                    d="M3322.914-15094.863h-10.363a2.593,2.593,0,0,1-2.59-2.59v-8.638a2.593,2.593,0,0,1,2.59-2.59h10.363a2.6,2.6,0,0,1,2.594,2.59v1.729c.013.027,0,3.6,0,5.141v1.769A2.6,2.6,0,0,1,3322.914-15094.863Zm-6.9-9.933a.862.862,0,0,0-.755.468.947.947,0,0,0-.114.455v4.2a.9.9,0,0,0,.868.922.848.848,0,0,0,.432-.121l3.45-2.12a.956.956,0,0,0,.315-1.259.874.874,0,0,0-.322-.341l-3.451-2.086A.813.813,0,0,0,3316.01-15104.8Z"
                    transform="translate(-3269 15293.001)"
                  />
                </g>
              </svg>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h3 id="c003">
            <span class="bk-h3"
              ><span class="bj1-h3">一</span>  来园前的准备 </span
            >
          </h3>
          <p><br /></p>
          <p>
            《托育机构保育指导大纲(试行)》中明确规定:“最大限度地保护婴幼儿的安全和健康,切实做好托育机构的安全防护、营养膳食、疾病防控等工作。”婴幼儿期是身心发展的初级阶段和稚嫩时期。托育园应坚持以婴幼儿为先,将保障其安全和健康作为一切工作的重要前提和基本底线,尊重和保障婴幼儿生存、发展、受保护等权利,提供健康、安全、丰富的生活和活动环境,切实做好托育园的相关工作,最大限度地保护婴幼儿的安全和健康。
          </p>
          <p>
            托育园作为实施婴幼儿保育的重要场所,来园环节是婴幼儿在园一日生活的开始,为婴幼儿创设安全卫生、整洁温馨的物质环境、舒适愉悦的心理环境,有助于实施生活活动,进行生活常规教育,培养婴幼儿良好的生活习惯。
          </p>
          <div class="tips-bk">
            <div class="bj-tip">
              视频:保育员来园工作
              <div @click="activityOne">
                <svg
                  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
                  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
                  width="20.863"
                  height="20.817"
                  viewBox="0 0 19.863 13.817"
                >
                  <g transform="translate(-40.961 -184.321)">
                    <path
                      class="a"
                      d="M4.647,1.4a1,1,0,0,1,1.707,0L10.07,7.479A1,1,0,0,1,9.217,9H1.783A1,1,0,0,1,.93,7.479Z"
                      transform="translate(51.824 196.82) rotate(-90)"
                    />
                    <path
                      class="b"
                      d="M3322.914-15094.863h-10.363a2.593,2.593,0,0,1-2.59-2.59v-8.638a2.593,2.593,0,0,1,2.59-2.59h10.363a2.6,2.6,0,0,1,2.594,2.59v1.729c.013.027,0,3.6,0,5.141v1.769A2.6,2.6,0,0,1,3322.914-15094.863Zm-6.9-9.933a.862.862,0,0,0-.755.468.947.947,0,0,0-.114.455v4.2a.9.9,0,0,0,.868.922.848.848,0,0,0,.432-.121l3.45-2.12a.956.956,0,0,0,.315-1.259.874.874,0,0,0-.322-.341l-3.451-2.086A.813.813,0,0,0,3316.01-15104.8Z"
                      transform="translate(-3269 15293.001)"
                    />
                  </g>
                </svg>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div
              class="tips-file"
              v-if="chapter002.isOpenOne && chapter002.videOneUrl"
            >
              <video
                webkit-playsinline="true"
                x-webkit-airplay="true"
                playsinline="true"
                x5-video-orientation="h5"
                x5-video-player-fullscreen="true"
                x5-playsinline=""
                controls
                class="video-border w100"
                :src="chapter002.videOneUrl"
              ></video>
            </div>
          </div>
          <div
            class="tips-file"
            v-if="chapter002.isOpenOne && chapter002.videOneUrl"
          >
            <video
              webkit-playsinline="true"
              x-webkit-airplay="true"
              playsinline="true"
              x5-video-orientation="h5"
              x5-video-player-fullscreen="true"
              x5-playsinline=""
              controls
              class="video-border w100"
              :src="chapter002.videOneUrl"
            ></video>
          </div>
          <p></p>
          <br />
          <p></p>
          <br />
          <h4 id="d007">
            ▶▶ 活动1:托育环境的清洁消毒<span class="fontsz1"
              >>>>>>>>></span
            >
          </h4>
          <p><b>①活动准备</b></p>
          <p>
            1.学习阅读手册,了解《上海市托幼机构保育工作手册》(上海教育出版社)、《保育师国家职业技能标准》中有关托育机构消毒的知识。
          </p>
          <p>
            2.物品准备:含氯消毒片、消毒液配制桶、量杯、水盆、扫把、簸箕、拖把、各区域抹布、洗涤剂等。
          </p>
          <p>
            3.操作人员准备:用肥皂和流动水洗净双手,整理仪表,不戴戒指,不留长指甲,不披长发,不穿高跟鞋和拖鞋。
          </p>
          <p><b>②活动过程</b></p>
          <p>
            1.配制消毒液。在配制消毒液时,应使用有刻度的量杯。在水盆内放入计算好的消毒药品和水,应先加水再加消毒片后加盖,待消毒片完全溶于水后才可使用。
          </p>
          <p>
            准备有效氯含量为500mg/片的消毒片,分别配制浓度为250mg/L和500mg/L的含氯消毒液2000mL。以配制浓度为500mg/L的含氯消毒液为例:先用量杯准备1000mL的清水,倒入水盆中,再投入1片消毒片即可。
          </p>
          <p>
            2.空气消毒:开窗通风(每天2~3次,每次不少于30分钟)。如遇到雾霾天应关窗;在有条件的情况下,应在室内开启空气净化器,待室外空气质量改善后,再开窗通风。
          </p>
          <p>3.室内外清扫:湿性清扫。包干区域保持整洁,不留死角。</p>
          <p>4.活动室、卧室预防性消毒:用250mg/L含氯消毒液擦拭物面。</p>
          <p>
            5.盥洗室预防性消毒:用250mg/L含氯消毒液擦拭洗手池,用500mg/L含氯消毒液给马桶、便池及地面消毒。
          </p>
        </div>
        <p></p>
        <br />
        <p></p>
        <br />
        <h4 id="d007">
          ▶▶ 活动1:托育环境的清洁消毒<span class="fontsz1"
            >>>>>>>>></span
          >
        </h4>
        <p><b>①活动准备</b></p>
        <p>
          1.学习阅读手册,了解《上海市托幼机构保育工作手册》(上海教育出版社)、《保育师国家职业技能标准》中有关托育机构消毒的知识。
        </p>
        <p>
          2.物品准备:含氯消毒片、消毒液配制桶、量杯、水盆、扫把、簸箕、拖把、各区域抹布、洗涤剂等。
        </p>
        <p>
          3.操作人员准备:用肥皂和流动水洗净双手,整理仪表,不戴戒指,不留长指甲,不披长发,不穿高跟鞋和拖鞋。
        </p>
        <p><b>②活动过程</b></p>
        <p>
          1.配制消毒液。在配制消毒液时,应使用有刻度的量杯。在水盆内放入计算好的消毒药品和水,应先加水再加消毒片后加盖,待消毒片完全溶于水后才可使用。
        </p>
        <p>
          准备有效氯含量为500mg/片的消毒片,分别配制浓度为250mg/L和500mg/L的含氯消毒液2000mL。以配制浓度为500mg/L的含氯消毒液为例:先用量杯准备1000mL的清水,倒入水盆中,再投入1片消毒片即可。
        </p>
        <p>
          2.空气消毒:开窗通风(每天2~3次,每次不少于30分钟)。如遇到雾霾天应关窗;在有条件的情况下,应在室内开启空气净化器,待室外空气质量改善后,再开窗通风。
        </p>
        <p>3.室内外清扫:湿性清扫。包干区域保持整洁,不留死角。</p>
        <p>4.活动室、卧室预防性消毒:用250mg/L含氯消毒液擦拭物面。</p>
        <p>
          5.盥洗室预防性消毒:用250mg/L含氯消毒液擦拭洗手池,用500mg/L含氯消毒液给马桶、便池及地面消毒。
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="19">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">第二单元·来园活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">1-13</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(19) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">第二单元·来园活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">1-13</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>开展实践活动,回答以下问题。</p>
        <p>(1)为什么要对婴幼儿的活动场所、接触的物品等实施清洁消毒?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text1"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text1')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>(2)在整个清洁消毒的过程中,需要注意哪些事项?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text2"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text2')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p><b>③实训练习</b></p>
        <p>
          2~4人为一组开展实训操作,其中一人操作,其他同学观摩。操作者一边实操一边讲解操作要领,其他同学按照班级环境清洁消毒的评分标准给操作者打分。
        </p>
        <!-- <div class="bk-sys">
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>开展实践活动,回答以下问题。</p>
          <p>(1)为什么要对婴幼儿的活动场所、接触的物品等实施清洁消毒?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text1"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text1')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>(2)在整个清洁消毒的过程中,需要注意哪些事项?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text2"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text2')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p><b>③实训练习</b></p>
          <p>
            2~4人为一组开展实训操作,其中一人操作,其他同学观摩。操作者一边实操一边讲解操作要领,其他同学按照班级环境清洁消毒的评分标准给操作者打分。
          </p>
          <!-- <div class="bk-sys">
          <div class="bj1-sys">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn1" alt="" src="../image/dy-sys.png" />
@@ -248,48 +257,186 @@
          </p>
          <p class="img">班级环境清洁消毒的评分标准</p>
        </div> -->
        <div class="tips-bk">
          <div class="bj-tip">
            班级环境清洁消毒的评分标准
            <div @click="activityGroup">
              <svg
                xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
                width="19.28"
                height="20.563"
                viewBox="0 0 19.28 20.563"
              >
                <g transform="translate(-109.056 -82.941)">
                  <path
                    class="a"
                    d="M3439.656-15185.7h-12.643a1.815,1.815,0,0,1-1.816-1.81v-16.944a1.83,1.83,0,0,1,1.816-1.809h15.674a1.8,1.8,0,0,1,1.79,1.809v13.93h-4.217a.6.6,0,0,0-.6.6v4.217h0Zm-9.819-2.764a.5.5,0,0,0-.5.5.5.5,0,0,0,.5.5h4a.5.5,0,0,0,.5-.5.5.5,0,0,0-.5-.5Zm0-2a.5.5,0,0,0-.5.5.5.5,0,0,0,.5.5h4a.5.5,0,0,0,.5-.5.5.5,0,0,0-.5-.5Zm1.393-8.525a2.416,2.416,0,0,0-2.416,2.411,2.421,2.421,0,0,0,2.416,2.42h.111a1.8,1.8,0,0,0,1.1,1.1,1.809,1.809,0,0,0,.6.107,1.808,1.808,0,0,0,1.7-1.206h4.072l-.172.172a.635.635,0,0,0-.179.454.569.569,0,0,0,.179.4.637.637,0,0,0,.435.176.6.6,0,0,0,.424-.176l1.2-1.214a.618.618,0,0,0,0-.858l-1.2-1.187a.619.619,0,0,0-.431-.176.6.6,0,0,0-.427.176.615.615,0,0,0,0,.854l.172.176h-4.072a1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.1-1.1,1.755,1.755,0,0,0-.6-.1,1.808,1.808,0,0,0-1.7,1.206h-.111a.554.554,0,0,1-.145-.016,1.2,1.2,0,0,1-.84-.4,1.217,1.217,0,0,1-.3-.878,1.2,1.2,0,0,1,1.206-1.137.407.407,0,0,1,.069,0h3.729a1.807,1.807,0,0,0,1.118,1.114,1.816,1.816,0,0,0,.576.091,1.789,1.789,0,0,0,1.7-1.205h.309a2.415,2.415,0,0,0,1.679-.775,2.407,2.407,0,0,0,.637-1.729,2.411,2.411,0,0,0-2.419-2.324h-6.213a1.821,1.821,0,0,0-1.107-1.1,1.8,1.8,0,0,0-.6-.1,1.814,1.814,0,0,0-1.706,1.2,1.8,1.8,0,0,0,.077,1.389,1.787,1.787,0,0,0,1.026.92,1.841,1.841,0,0,0,.6.1,1.807,1.807,0,0,0,1.706-1.2h6.266a1.179,1.179,0,0,1,.836.4,1.22,1.22,0,0,1,.305.874,1.213,1.213,0,0,1-1.214,1.146h-.172a1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.118-1.118,1.711,1.711,0,0,0-.576-.1,1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.706,1.214Z"
                    transform="translate(-3316.14 15289.201)"
                  />
                  <path
                    class="a"
                    d="M316.806,239.727a.6.6,0,1,0,.6-.6A.6.6,0,0,0,316.806,239.727Zm-5.421-4.207a.6.6,0,1,0,.6.6A.587.587,0,0,0,311.385,235.52Zm2.4,8.438a.607.607,0,1,0-.6-.613A.621.621,0,0,0,313.789,243.958Z"
                    transform="translate(-196.896 -148.921)"
                  />
                  <path
                    class="a"
                    d="M763.392,793.79l3.262-3.262h-3.262Z"
                    transform="translate(-638.661 -690.634)"
                  />
                </g>
              </svg>
          <div class="tips-bk">
            <div class="bj-tip">
              班级环境清洁消毒的评分标准
              <div @click="activityGroup">
                <svg
                  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
                  width="19.28"
                  height="20.563"
                  viewBox="0 0 19.28 20.563"
                >
                  <g transform="translate(-109.056 -82.941)">
                    <path
                      class="a"
                      d="M3439.656-15185.7h-12.643a1.815,1.815,0,0,1-1.816-1.81v-16.944a1.83,1.83,0,0,1,1.816-1.809h15.674a1.8,1.8,0,0,1,1.79,1.809v13.93h-4.217a.6.6,0,0,0-.6.6v4.217h0Zm-9.819-2.764a.5.5,0,0,0-.5.5.5.5,0,0,0,.5.5h4a.5.5,0,0,0,.5-.5.5.5,0,0,0-.5-.5Zm0-2a.5.5,0,0,0-.5.5.5.5,0,0,0,.5.5h4a.5.5,0,0,0,.5-.5.5.5,0,0,0-.5-.5Zm1.393-8.525a2.416,2.416,0,0,0-2.416,2.411,2.421,2.421,0,0,0,2.416,2.42h.111a1.8,1.8,0,0,0,1.1,1.1,1.809,1.809,0,0,0,.6.107,1.808,1.808,0,0,0,1.7-1.206h4.072l-.172.172a.635.635,0,0,0-.179.454.569.569,0,0,0,.179.4.637.637,0,0,0,.435.176.6.6,0,0,0,.424-.176l1.2-1.214a.618.618,0,0,0,0-.858l-1.2-1.187a.619.619,0,0,0-.431-.176.6.6,0,0,0-.427.176.615.615,0,0,0,0,.854l.172.176h-4.072a1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.1-1.1,1.755,1.755,0,0,0-.6-.1,1.808,1.808,0,0,0-1.7,1.206h-.111a.554.554,0,0,1-.145-.016,1.2,1.2,0,0,1-.84-.4,1.217,1.217,0,0,1-.3-.878,1.2,1.2,0,0,1,1.206-1.137.407.407,0,0,1,.069,0h3.729a1.807,1.807,0,0,0,1.118,1.114,1.816,1.816,0,0,0,.576.091,1.789,1.789,0,0,0,1.7-1.205h.309a2.415,2.415,0,0,0,1.679-.775,2.407,2.407,0,0,0,.637-1.729,2.411,2.411,0,0,0-2.419-2.324h-6.213a1.821,1.821,0,0,0-1.107-1.1,1.8,1.8,0,0,0-.6-.1,1.814,1.814,0,0,0-1.706,1.2,1.8,1.8,0,0,0,.077,1.389,1.787,1.787,0,0,0,1.026.92,1.841,1.841,0,0,0,.6.1,1.807,1.807,0,0,0,1.706-1.2h6.266a1.179,1.179,0,0,1,.836.4,1.22,1.22,0,0,1,.305.874,1.213,1.213,0,0,1-1.214,1.146h-.172a1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.118-1.118,1.711,1.711,0,0,0-.576-.1,1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.706,1.214Z"
                      transform="translate(-3316.14 15289.201)"
                    />
                    <path
                      class="a"
                      d="M316.806,239.727a.6.6,0,1,0,.6-.6A.6.6,0,0,0,316.806,239.727Zm-5.421-4.207a.6.6,0,1,0,.6.6A.587.587,0,0,0,311.385,235.52Zm2.4,8.438a.607.607,0,1,0-.6-.613A.621.621,0,0,0,313.789,243.958Z"
                      transform="translate(-196.896 -148.921)"
                    />
                    <path
                      class="a"
                      d="M763.392,793.79l3.262-3.262h-3.262Z"
                      transform="translate(-638.661 -690.634)"
                    />
                  </g>
                </svg>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div v-if="chapter002.isGroupOpen" class="tips-file">
              <table class="table111 table122">
                <thead>
                  <tr>
                    <th
                      :style="{
                        width:
                          index == 1 || index == chapter002.groupData.length - 1
                            ? '100px'
                            : '',
                      }"
                      v-for="(header, index) in chapter002.groupHeader"
                      :key="index"
                    >
                      {{ header }}
                    </th>
                  </tr>
                </thead>
                <tbody>
                  <tr
                    v-for="(row, rowIndex) in chapter002.groupData"
                    :key="rowIndex"
                  >
                    <td v-for="(cell, cellIndex) in row" :key="cellIndex">
                      <template v-if="cell === ''">
                        <input
                          type="text"
                          v-model="chapter002.groupData[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                          @blur="
                            updateCellGroup(
                              rowIndex,
                              cellIndex,
                              $event.target.value
                            )
                          "
                        />
                      </template>
                      <template v-else-if="cellIndex == 4">
                        <input
                          type="text"
                          v-model="chapter002.groupData[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                          @blur="
                            updateCellGroup(
                              rowIndex,
                              cellIndex,
                              $event.target.value
                            )
                          "
                        />
                      </template>
                      <template v-else>
                        {{ cell }}
                      </template>
                    </td>
                  </tr>
                </tbody>
              </table>
            </div>
          </div>
          <div v-if="chapter002.isGroupOpen" class="tips-file">
          <p></p>
          <br />
          <p></p>
          <br />
          <h4 id="d008">
            ▶▶ 活动2:托育环境的安全检查<span class="fontsz1"
              >>>>>>>>></span
            >
          </h4>
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              陈女士一直都把2岁半的女儿红红交给某托育园照看。有一天,红红在托育园划伤了脸,陈女士在托育园接孩子时才得知:女儿在托育园内的厕所摔倒,左眼皮被破瓷砖划伤,到医院缝了5针。时隔3个多月,伤口已愈合,但仍留下了约1厘米长的伤疤,近看较明显。医生称,该伤疤不可能完全消失,最多只能淡化为接近皮肤的颜色。伤在孩子身,痛在父母心,陈女士担心伤疤多多少少会影响女儿的将来。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p>1.托育园有哪些安全隐患?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text3"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text3')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="20">
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(20) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">1-14</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>2.我们应该如何防患于未然?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text4"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text4')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>
            3.托育园安全检查的内容主要包括班级内外整体环境的安全和物品摆放的安全。小组讨论安全检查的主要内容及处置方式。
          </p>
          <p>(1)班级内外整体环境安全检查的主要内容及处置方式是什么?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text5"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text5')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>(2)物品摆放安全检查的主要内容及处置方式是什么?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text6"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text6')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>4.以本班教室为检查对象,记录班级一周安全自查情况(见表1-2-1)。</p>
          <p class="img">表1-2-1 教室日常安全工作、消防安全工作自查表</p>
          <div style="margin-bottom: 40px">
            <table class="table111 table122">
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th
                    :style="{
                      width:
                        index == 1 || index == chapter002.groupData.length - 1
                        index == 0 ||
                        index == chapter002.tableData121.length - 1
                          ? '100px'
                          : '',
                    }"
                    v-for="(header, index) in chapter002.groupHeader"
                    v-for="(header, index) in chapter002.headersData"
                    :key="index"
                  >
                    {{ header }}
@@ -298,38 +445,28 @@
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr
                  v-for="(row, rowIndex) in chapter002.groupData"
                  v-for="(row, rowIndex) in chapter002.tableData121"
                  :key="rowIndex"
                >
                  <td v-for="(cell, cellIndex) in row" :key="cellIndex">
                    <template v-if="cell === ''">
                      <input
                        type="text"
                        v-model="chapter002.groupData[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                        v-model="chapter002.tableData121[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                        @blur="
                          updateCellGroup(
                            rowIndex,
                            cellIndex,
                            $event.target.value
                          )
                        "
                      />
                    </template>
                    <template v-else-if="cellIndex == 4">
                      <input
                        type="text"
                        v-model="chapter002.groupData[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                        @blur="
                          updateCellGroup(
                            rowIndex,
                            cellIndex,
                            $event.target.value
                          )
                          updateCell(rowIndex, cellIndex, $event.target.value)
                        "
                      />
                    </template>
                    <template v-else>
                      {{ cell }}
                      <input
                        :readonly="cellIndex == 0"
                        type="text"
                        :value="chapter002.tableData121[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                        @blur="
                          updateCell(rowIndex, cellIndex, $event.target.value)
                        "
                      />
                    </template>
                  </td>
                </tr>
@@ -337,122 +474,358 @@
            </table>
          </div>
        </div>
        <p></p>
        <br />
        <p></p>
        <br />
        <h4 id="d008">
          ▶▶ 活动2:托育环境的安全检查<span class="fontsz1"
            >>>>>>>>></span
          >
        </h4>
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            陈女士一直都把2岁半的女儿红红交给某托育园照看。有一天,红红在托育园划伤了脸,陈女士在托育园接孩子时才得知:女儿在托育园内的厕所摔倒,左眼皮被破瓷砖划伤,到医院缝了5针。时隔3个多月,伤口已愈合,但仍留下了约1厘米长的伤疤,近看较明显。医生称,该伤疤不可能完全消失,最多只能淡化为接近皮肤的颜色。伤在孩子身,痛在父母心,陈女士担心伤疤多多少少会影响女儿的将来。
          </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="21">
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(21) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">第二单元·来园活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">1-15</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <p>1.托育园有哪些安全隐患?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text3"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text3')"
          ></textarea>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h4 id="d009">
            ▶▶ 活动3:准备生活用品及活动材料<span class="fontsz1"
              >>>>>>>>></span
            >
          </h4>
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述1 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              佳佳最喜欢托育园里的娃娃家游戏,每天来园都会第一时间跑进娃娃家里扮演妈妈。周一,佳佳又是一大早就来到托育园,想着第一个进娃娃家里穿上妈妈的围裙,可是找了一圈也不见妈妈的围裙,原本摆在柜子里的小锅和小碗也没有了,佳佳着急得大哭起来。张老师闻声而来,一问才知道是娃娃家里的东西没有了。这时张老师才突然想起来,娃娃家的材料在上周五都被拿去清洗消毒了。张老师早上忘记把晾干的衣服和玩具放回娃娃家,这才会让佳佳着了急。
            </p>
          </div>
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述2 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              欣欣有过敏性鼻炎,早上来园时,脸上经常挂着鼻涕。刚开始时,王老师每次看到都会轻轻地帮她擦掉,这却使欣欣有了依赖性,每次鼻涕流出来时,她都会跟在王老师的身后要老师帮忙擦。于是王老师把纸巾盒固定摆在教室内几个最显眼的位置,告诉欣欣和其他小朋友:“有眼泪、鼻涕要找纸巾宝宝来帮忙。”小朋友们在王老师的引导下,熟悉了班级里多处放纸巾的位置,欣欣也渐渐地脱离了王老师帮助,小朋友们有眼泪、鼻涕的时候都会找纸巾宝宝来帮忙。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p>根据以上情境,思考并回答下列问题。</p>
          <p>
            1.托育园在婴幼儿来园前除了应做好安全卫生环境的准备,还应为婴幼儿在室内外生活、活动准备哪些用品与材料?
          </p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text7"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text7')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>
            2.家长可以带哪些婴幼儿所需的物品来托育园?应如何合理放置这些物品?
          </p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text8"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text8')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="20">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">1-14</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
    <div class="page-box" page="22">
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(22) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">1-16</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h3 id="c004">
            <span class="bk-h3"
              ><span class="bj1-h3">二</span>  健康检查 </span
            >
          </h3>
          <p>
            托育园是婴幼儿集体生活、学习、娱乐的场所,婴幼儿又是易感人群,保护婴幼儿的健康是托育园的首要任务。保护婴幼儿的健康关键是预防,晨间检查是托育园为加强传染病防控工作而采取的一种措施,目的是早发现、早防控,对婴幼儿的健康进行保障,将疾病预防工作真正落实到位。
          </p>
          <p>
            抓安全细节从早上入园开始,除了要把病菌扼杀在萌芽中之外,为了避免婴幼儿吞食异物,保教人员还应通过每天的晨间检查对婴幼儿逐一进行检查。若发现婴幼儿身上有异物,如玻璃珠等,先由保教人员保管,放学交予家长并向家长说明可能造成的严重后果。晨间检查是为对婴幼儿的健康进行保障,防止婴幼儿将传染病及危险物品带入园所,具有维护健康、保障安全的双重意义。
          </p>
          <h4 id="d010">
            ▶▶ 活动1:实施晨间检查<span class="fontsz1">>>>>>>>></span>
          </h4>
          <p><b>①活动准备</b></p>
          <p>
            1.物品准备:免洗手消毒液、一次性手套、耳温枪、酒精消毒棉片、压舌板、手电筒、晨间检查牌、记录本。
          </p>
          <p>2.操作者准备:束起头发,剪短指甲,摘除手表及首饰,洗净双手。</p>
          <p><b>②晨间检查过程</b></p>
          <p>
            1.一问:在家的饮食、睡眠、大小便情况,以及有无发热史、传染病接触史、外出史。
          </p>
          <p>(1)教师应该用怎样的语言向家长询问婴幼儿的情况?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text9"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text9')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>
            (2)遇到家长主诉婴幼儿在家中有发热或腹泻等情况时,应该如何处理?
          </p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text10"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text10')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <div class="tips-bk">
            <div class="bj-tip">
              视频:晨间检查
              <div @click="activityTwo">
                <svg
                  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
                  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
                  width="20.863"
                  height="20.817"
                  viewBox="0 0 19.863 13.817"
                >
                  <g transform="translate(-40.961 -184.321)">
                    <path
                      class="a"
                      d="M4.647,1.4a1,1,0,0,1,1.707,0L10.07,7.479A1,1,0,0,1,9.217,9H1.783A1,1,0,0,1,.93,7.479Z"
                      transform="translate(51.824 196.82) rotate(-90)"
                    />
                    <path
                      class="b"
                      d="M3322.914-15094.863h-10.363a2.593,2.593,0,0,1-2.59-2.59v-8.638a2.593,2.593,0,0,1,2.59-2.59h10.363a2.6,2.6,0,0,1,2.594,2.59v1.729c.013.027,0,3.6,0,5.141v1.769A2.6,2.6,0,0,1,3322.914-15094.863Zm-6.9-9.933a.862.862,0,0,0-.755.468.947.947,0,0,0-.114.455v4.2a.9.9,0,0,0,.868.922.848.848,0,0,0,.432-.121l3.45-2.12a.956.956,0,0,0,.315-1.259.874.874,0,0,0-.322-.341l-3.451-2.086A.813.813,0,0,0,3316.01-15104.8Z"
                      transform="translate(-3269 15293.001)"
                    />
                  </g>
                </svg>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div
              class="tips-file"
              v-if="chapter002.isOpenTwo && chapter002.videOneUrl116"
            >
              <video
                webkit-playsinline="true"
                x-webkit-airplay="true"
                playsinline="true"
                x5-video-orientation="h5"
                x5-video-player-fullscreen="true"
                x5-playsinline=""
                controls
                class="video-border w100"
                :src="chapter002.videOneUrl116"
              ></video>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>2.我们应该如何防患于未然?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text4"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text4')"
          ></textarea>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="23">
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(23) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">第二单元·来园活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">1-17</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <p>
          3.托育园安全检查的内容主要包括班级内外整体环境的安全和物品摆放的安全。小组讨论安全检查的主要内容及处置方式。
        </p>
        <p>(1)班级内外整体环境安全检查的主要内容及处置方式是什么?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text5"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text5')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>(2)物品摆放安全检查的主要内容及处置方式是什么?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text6"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text6')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>4.以本班教室为检查对象,记录班级一周安全自查情况(见表1-2-1)。</p>
        <p class="img">表1-2-1 教室日常安全工作、消防安全工作自查表</p>
        <div style="margin-bottom: 40px">
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>2.二看:面色、精神、皮肤和五官。</p>
          <p>如何观察婴幼儿的面色与精神?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text11"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text11')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>3.三摸:额头、淋巴结、腮腺。</p>
          <p>
            4.四查:在传染病高发季节要有重点地进行检查,检查婴幼儿有无携带不安全的物品、食品,检查婴幼儿的卫生情况等。
          </p>
          <p>5.根据检查的结果发放对应的晨间检查牌。</p>
          <p>6.将所用物品清理干净,摆放整齐。</p>
          <div class="tips-bk">
            <div class="bj-tip">
              晨间检查评分标准
              <div @click="activityDInspect">
                <svg
                  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
                  width="19.28"
                  height="20.563"
                  viewBox="0 0 19.28 20.563"
                >
                  <g transform="translate(-109.056 -82.941)">
                    <path
                      class="a"
                      d="M3439.656-15185.7h-12.643a1.815,1.815,0,0,1-1.816-1.81v-16.944a1.83,1.83,0,0,1,1.816-1.809h15.674a1.8,1.8,0,0,1,1.79,1.809v13.93h-4.217a.6.6,0,0,0-.6.6v4.217h0Zm-9.819-2.764a.5.5,0,0,0-.5.5.5.5,0,0,0,.5.5h4a.5.5,0,0,0,.5-.5.5.5,0,0,0-.5-.5Zm0-2a.5.5,0,0,0-.5.5.5.5,0,0,0,.5.5h4a.5.5,0,0,0,.5-.5.5.5,0,0,0-.5-.5Zm1.393-8.525a2.416,2.416,0,0,0-2.416,2.411,2.421,2.421,0,0,0,2.416,2.42h.111a1.8,1.8,0,0,0,1.1,1.1,1.809,1.809,0,0,0,.6.107,1.808,1.808,0,0,0,1.7-1.206h4.072l-.172.172a.635.635,0,0,0-.179.454.569.569,0,0,0,.179.4.637.637,0,0,0,.435.176.6.6,0,0,0,.424-.176l1.2-1.214a.618.618,0,0,0,0-.858l-1.2-1.187a.619.619,0,0,0-.431-.176.6.6,0,0,0-.427.176.615.615,0,0,0,0,.854l.172.176h-4.072a1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.1-1.1,1.755,1.755,0,0,0-.6-.1,1.808,1.808,0,0,0-1.7,1.206h-.111a.554.554,0,0,1-.145-.016,1.2,1.2,0,0,1-.84-.4,1.217,1.217,0,0,1-.3-.878,1.2,1.2,0,0,1,1.206-1.137.407.407,0,0,1,.069,0h3.729a1.807,1.807,0,0,0,1.118,1.114,1.816,1.816,0,0,0,.576.091,1.789,1.789,0,0,0,1.7-1.205h.309a2.415,2.415,0,0,0,1.679-.775,2.407,2.407,0,0,0,.637-1.729,2.411,2.411,0,0,0-2.419-2.324h-6.213a1.821,1.821,0,0,0-1.107-1.1,1.8,1.8,0,0,0-.6-.1,1.814,1.814,0,0,0-1.706,1.2,1.8,1.8,0,0,0,.077,1.389,1.787,1.787,0,0,0,1.026.92,1.841,1.841,0,0,0,.6.1,1.807,1.807,0,0,0,1.706-1.2h6.266a1.179,1.179,0,0,1,.836.4,1.22,1.22,0,0,1,.305.874,1.213,1.213,0,0,1-1.214,1.146h-.172a1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.118-1.118,1.711,1.711,0,0,0-.576-.1,1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.706,1.214Z"
                      transform="translate(-3316.14 15289.201)"
                    />
                    <path
                      class="a"
                      d="M316.806,239.727a.6.6,0,1,0,.6-.6A.6.6,0,0,0,316.806,239.727Zm-5.421-4.207a.6.6,0,1,0,.6.6A.587.587,0,0,0,311.385,235.52Zm2.4,8.438a.607.607,0,1,0-.6-.613A.621.621,0,0,0,313.789,243.958Z"
                      transform="translate(-196.896 -148.921)"
                    />
                    <path
                      class="a"
                      d="M763.392,793.79l3.262-3.262h-3.262Z"
                      transform="translate(-638.661 -690.634)"
                    />
                  </g>
                </svg>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div v-if="chapter002.isInspectOpen" class="tips-file">
              <table class="table111 table122">
                <thead>
                  <tr>
                    <th
                      :style="{
                        width:
                          index == 1 ||
                          index == chapter002.inspectData.length - 1
                            ? '100px'
                            : '',
                      }"
                      v-for="(header, index) in chapter002.inspectHeader"
                      :key="index"
                    >
                      {{ header }}
                    </th>
                  </tr>
                </thead>
                <tbody>
                  <tr
                    v-for="(row, rowIndex) in chapter002.inspectData"
                    :key="rowIndex"
                  >
                    <td v-for="(cell, cellIndex) in row" :key="cellIndex">
                      <template v-if="cell === ''">
                        <input
                          type="text"
                          v-model="chapter002.inspectData[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                          @blur="
                            updateCellInspect(
                              rowIndex,
                              cellIndex,
                              $event.target.value
                            )
                          "
                        />
                      </template>
                      <template v-else-if="cellIndex == 4">
                        <input
                          type="text"
                          v-model="chapter002.inspectData[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                          @blur="
                            updateCellInspect(
                              rowIndex,
                              cellIndex,
                              $event.target.value
                            )
                          "
                        />
                      </template>
                      <template v-else>
                        {{ cell }}
                      </template>
                    </td>
                  </tr>
                </tbody>
              </table>
            </div>
          </div>
          <p><br /></p>
          <p><b>③实训练习</b></p>
          <p>
            2~4人为一组开展模拟实训操作,其中一人扮演婴幼儿,另一人模拟保教人员,其他同学观摩并按照晨间检查的评分标准给操作者打分。
          </p>
          <p>
            在模拟晨间检查的实训操作中,若遇到有异常情况的婴幼儿,则要正确记录晨间检查情况与全日观察情况记录表(见表1-2-2)。
          </p>
          <p class="img">表1-2-2 晨间检查情况与全日观察情况记录表</p>
          <table class="table111 table122">
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th
                  :style="{
                    width:
                      index == 0 || index == chapter002.tableData121.length - 1
                        ? '100px'
                        : '',
                  }"
                  v-for="(header, index) in chapter002.headersData"
                  :key="index"
                >
                  {{ header }}
                <th rowspan="3">日期</th>
                <th rowspan="3">姓名</th>
                <th colspan="3">晨间检查情况</th>
                <th colspan="8">全日观察情况</th>
                <th colspan="2">交班</th>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <th style="width: 100px" rowspan="2">
                  体温、精神状态、口腔和皮肤的情况等
                </th>
                <th rowspan="2">家长代述</th>
                <th rowspan="2">处理</th>
                <th rowspan="2">体温</th>
                <th rowspan="2">精神状态</th>
                <th rowspan="2">食欲</th>
                <th rowspan="2">睡眠</th>
                <th rowspan="2">小便</th>
                <th colspan="2">大便</th>
                <th rowspan="2">处理</th>
                <th rowspan="2">要点</th>
                <th rowspan="2">签名</th>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <th>次数</th>
                <th>形状</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr
                v-for="(row, rowIndex) in chapter002.tableData121"
                v-for="(row, rowIndex) in chapter002.tableData122"
                :key="rowIndex"
              >
                <td v-for="(cell, cellIndex) in row" :key="cellIndex">
                  <template v-if="cell === ''">
                    <input
                      type="text"
                      v-model="chapter002.tableData121[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                      :value="chapter002.tableData122[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                      @blur="
                        updateCell(rowIndex, cellIndex, $event.target.value)
                        updateCell122(rowIndex, cellIndex, $event.target.value)
                      "
                    />
                  </template>
                  <template v-else>
                    <input
                      :readonly="cellIndex == 0"
                      type="text"
                      :value="chapter002.tableData121[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                      :value="chapter002.tableData122[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                      @blur="
                        updateCell(rowIndex, cellIndex, $event.target.value)
                        updateCell122(rowIndex, cellIndex, $event.target.value)
                      "
                    />
                  </template>
@@ -463,915 +836,583 @@
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="21">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">第二单元·来园活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">1-15</span>
            </div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h4 id="d009">
          ▶▶ 活动3:准备生活用品及活动材料<span class="fontsz1"
            >>>>>>>>></span
          >
        </h4>
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述1 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            佳佳最喜欢托育园里的娃娃家游戏,每天来园都会第一时间跑进娃娃家里扮演妈妈。周一,佳佳又是一大早就来到托育园,想着第一个进娃娃家里穿上妈妈的围裙,可是找了一圈也不见妈妈的围裙,原本摆在柜子里的小锅和小碗也没有了,佳佳着急得大哭起来。张老师闻声而来,一问才知道是娃娃家里的东西没有了。这时张老师才突然想起来,娃娃家的材料在上周五都被拿去清洗消毒了。张老师早上忘记把晾干的衣服和玩具放回娃娃家,这才会让佳佳着了急。
          </p>
        </div>
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述2 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            欣欣有过敏性鼻炎,早上来园时,脸上经常挂着鼻涕。刚开始时,王老师每次看到都会轻轻地帮她擦掉,这却使欣欣有了依赖性,每次鼻涕流出来时,她都会跟在王老师的身后要老师帮忙擦。于是王老师把纸巾盒固定摆在教室内几个最显眼的位置,告诉欣欣和其他小朋友:“有眼泪、鼻涕要找纸巾宝宝来帮忙。”小朋友们在王老师的引导下,熟悉了班级里多处放纸巾的位置,欣欣也渐渐地脱离了王老师帮助,小朋友们有眼泪、鼻涕的时候都会找纸巾宝宝来帮忙。
          </p>
        </div>
        <p>根据以上情境,思考并回答下列问题。</p>
        <p>
          1.托育园在婴幼儿来园前除了应做好安全卫生环境的准备,还应为婴幼儿在室内外生活、活动准备哪些用品与材料?
        </p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text7"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text7')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>
          2.家长可以带哪些婴幼儿所需的物品来托育园?应如何合理放置这些物品?
        </p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text8"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text8')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="22">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">1-16</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h3 id="c004">
          <span class="bk-h3"
            ><span class="bj1-h3">二</span>  健康检查 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <p>
          托育园是婴幼儿集体生活、学习、娱乐的场所,婴幼儿又是易感人群,保护婴幼儿的健康是托育园的首要任务。保护婴幼儿的健康关键是预防,晨间检查是托育园为加强传染病防控工作而采取的一种措施,目的是早发现、早防控,对婴幼儿的健康进行保障,将疾病预防工作真正落实到位。
        </p>
        <p>
          抓安全细节从早上入园开始,除了要把病菌扼杀在萌芽中之外,为了避免婴幼儿吞食异物,保教人员还应通过每天的晨间检查对婴幼儿逐一进行检查。若发现婴幼儿身上有异物,如玻璃珠等,先由保教人员保管,放学交予家长并向家长说明可能造成的严重后果。晨间检查是为对婴幼儿的健康进行保障,防止婴幼儿将传染病及危险物品带入园所,具有维护健康、保障安全的双重意义。
        </p>
        <h4 id="d010">
          ▶▶ 活动1:实施晨间检查<span class="fontsz1">>>>>>>>></span>
        </h4>
        <p><b>①活动准备</b></p>
        <p>
          1.物品准备:免洗手消毒液、一次性手套、耳温枪、酒精消毒棉片、压舌板、手电筒、晨间检查牌、记录本。
        </p>
        <p>2.操作者准备:束起头发,剪短指甲,摘除手表及首饰,洗净双手。</p>
        <p><b>②晨间检查过程</b></p>
        <p>
          1.一问:在家的饮食、睡眠、大小便情况,以及有无发热史、传染病接触史、外出史。
        </p>
        <p>(1)教师应该用怎样的语言向家长询问婴幼儿的情况?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text9"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text9')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>(2)遇到家长主诉婴幼儿在家中有发热或腹泻等情况时,应该如何处理?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text10"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text10')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <div class="tips-bk">
          <div class="bj-tip">
            视频:晨间检查
            <div @click="activityTwo">
              <svg
                xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
                xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
                width="20.863"
                height="20.817"
                viewBox="0 0 19.863 13.817"
              >
                <g transform="translate(-40.961 -184.321)">
                  <path
                    class="a"
                    d="M4.647,1.4a1,1,0,0,1,1.707,0L10.07,7.479A1,1,0,0,1,9.217,9H1.783A1,1,0,0,1,.93,7.479Z"
                    transform="translate(51.824 196.82) rotate(-90)"
                  />
                  <path
                    class="b"
                    d="M3322.914-15094.863h-10.363a2.593,2.593,0,0,1-2.59-2.59v-8.638a2.593,2.593,0,0,1,2.59-2.59h10.363a2.6,2.6,0,0,1,2.594,2.59v1.729c.013.027,0,3.6,0,5.141v1.769A2.6,2.6,0,0,1,3322.914-15094.863Zm-6.9-9.933a.862.862,0,0,0-.755.468.947.947,0,0,0-.114.455v4.2a.9.9,0,0,0,.868.922.848.848,0,0,0,.432-.121l3.45-2.12a.956.956,0,0,0,.315-1.259.874.874,0,0,0-.322-.341l-3.451-2.086A.813.813,0,0,0,3316.01-15104.8Z"
                    transform="translate(-3269 15293.001)"
                  />
                </g>
              </svg>
            </div>
          </div>
          <div
            class="tips-file"
            v-if="chapter002.isOpenTwo && chapter002.videOneUrl116"
          >
            <video
              webkit-playsinline="true"
              x-webkit-airplay="true"
              playsinline="true"
              x5-video-orientation="h5"
              x5-video-player-fullscreen="true"
              x5-playsinline=""
              controls
              class="video-border w100"
              :src="chapter002.videOneUrl116"
            ></video>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="23">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">第二单元·来园活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">1-17</span>
            </div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>2.二看:面色、精神、皮肤和五官。</p>
        <p>如何观察婴幼儿的面色与精神?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text11"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text11')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>3.三摸:额头、淋巴结、腮腺。</p>
        <p>
          4.四查:在传染病高发季节要有重点地进行检查,检查婴幼儿有无携带不安全的物品、食品,检查婴幼儿的卫生情况等。
        </p>
        <p>5.根据检查的结果发放对应的晨间检查牌。</p>
        <p>6.将所用物品清理干净,摆放整齐。</p>
        <div class="tips-bk">
          <div class="bj-tip">
            晨间检查评分标准
            <div @click="activityDInspect">
              <svg
                xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
                width="19.28"
                height="20.563"
                viewBox="0 0 19.28 20.563"
              >
                <g transform="translate(-109.056 -82.941)">
                  <path
                    class="a"
                    d="M3439.656-15185.7h-12.643a1.815,1.815,0,0,1-1.816-1.81v-16.944a1.83,1.83,0,0,1,1.816-1.809h15.674a1.8,1.8,0,0,1,1.79,1.809v13.93h-4.217a.6.6,0,0,0-.6.6v4.217h0Zm-9.819-2.764a.5.5,0,0,0-.5.5.5.5,0,0,0,.5.5h4a.5.5,0,0,0,.5-.5.5.5,0,0,0-.5-.5Zm0-2a.5.5,0,0,0-.5.5.5.5,0,0,0,.5.5h4a.5.5,0,0,0,.5-.5.5.5,0,0,0-.5-.5Zm1.393-8.525a2.416,2.416,0,0,0-2.416,2.411,2.421,2.421,0,0,0,2.416,2.42h.111a1.8,1.8,0,0,0,1.1,1.1,1.809,1.809,0,0,0,.6.107,1.808,1.808,0,0,0,1.7-1.206h4.072l-.172.172a.635.635,0,0,0-.179.454.569.569,0,0,0,.179.4.637.637,0,0,0,.435.176.6.6,0,0,0,.424-.176l1.2-1.214a.618.618,0,0,0,0-.858l-1.2-1.187a.619.619,0,0,0-.431-.176.6.6,0,0,0-.427.176.615.615,0,0,0,0,.854l.172.176h-4.072a1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.1-1.1,1.755,1.755,0,0,0-.6-.1,1.808,1.808,0,0,0-1.7,1.206h-.111a.554.554,0,0,1-.145-.016,1.2,1.2,0,0,1-.84-.4,1.217,1.217,0,0,1-.3-.878,1.2,1.2,0,0,1,1.206-1.137.407.407,0,0,1,.069,0h3.729a1.807,1.807,0,0,0,1.118,1.114,1.816,1.816,0,0,0,.576.091,1.789,1.789,0,0,0,1.7-1.205h.309a2.415,2.415,0,0,0,1.679-.775,2.407,2.407,0,0,0,.637-1.729,2.411,2.411,0,0,0-2.419-2.324h-6.213a1.821,1.821,0,0,0-1.107-1.1,1.8,1.8,0,0,0-.6-.1,1.814,1.814,0,0,0-1.706,1.2,1.8,1.8,0,0,0,.077,1.389,1.787,1.787,0,0,0,1.026.92,1.841,1.841,0,0,0,.6.1,1.807,1.807,0,0,0,1.706-1.2h6.266a1.179,1.179,0,0,1,.836.4,1.22,1.22,0,0,1,.305.874,1.213,1.213,0,0,1-1.214,1.146h-.172a1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.118-1.118,1.711,1.711,0,0,0-.576-.1,1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.706,1.214Z"
                    transform="translate(-3316.14 15289.201)"
                  />
                  <path
                    class="a"
                    d="M316.806,239.727a.6.6,0,1,0,.6-.6A.6.6,0,0,0,316.806,239.727Zm-5.421-4.207a.6.6,0,1,0,.6.6A.587.587,0,0,0,311.385,235.52Zm2.4,8.438a.607.607,0,1,0-.6-.613A.621.621,0,0,0,313.789,243.958Z"
                    transform="translate(-196.896 -148.921)"
                  />
                  <path
                    class="a"
                    d="M763.392,793.79l3.262-3.262h-3.262Z"
                    transform="translate(-638.661 -690.634)"
                  />
                </g>
              </svg>
            </div>
          </div>
          <div v-if="chapter002.isInspectOpen" class="tips-file">
            <table class="table111 table122">
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th
                    :style="{
                      width:
                        index == 1 || index == chapter002.inspectData.length - 1
                          ? '100px'
                          : '',
                    }"
                    v-for="(header, index) in chapter002.inspectHeader"
                    :key="index"
                  >
                    {{ header }}
                  </th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr
                  v-for="(row, rowIndex) in chapter002.inspectData"
                  :key="rowIndex"
                >
                  <td v-for="(cell, cellIndex) in row" :key="cellIndex">
                    <template v-if="cell === ''">
                      <input
                        type="text"
                        v-model="chapter002.inspectData[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                        @blur="
                          updateCellInspect(
                            rowIndex,
                            cellIndex,
                            $event.target.value
                          )
                        "
                      />
                    </template>
                    <template v-else-if="cellIndex == 4">
                      <input
                        type="text"
                        v-model="chapter002.inspectData[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                        @blur="
                          updateCellInspect(
                            rowIndex,
                            cellIndex,
                            $event.target.value
                          )
                        "
                      />
                    </template>
                    <template v-else>
                      {{ cell }}
                    </template>
                  </td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
          </div>
        </div>
        <p><br/></p>
        <p><b>③实训练习</b></p>
        <p>
          2~4人为一组开展模拟实训操作,其中一人扮演婴幼儿,另一人模拟保教人员,其他同学观摩并按照晨间检查的评分标准给操作者打分。
        </p>
        <p>
          在模拟晨间检查的实训操作中,若遇到有异常情况的婴幼儿,则要正确记录晨间检查情况与全日观察情况记录表(见表1-2-2)。
        </p>
        <p class="img">表1-2-2 晨间检查情况与全日观察情况记录表</p>
        <table class="table111 table122">
          <thead>
            <tr>
              <th rowspan="3">日期</th>
              <th rowspan="3">姓名</th>
              <th colspan="3">晨间检查情况</th>
              <th colspan="8">全日观察情况</th>
              <th colspan="2">交班</th>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <th style="width: 100px" rowspan="2">
                体温、精神状态、口腔和皮肤的情况等
              </th>
              <th rowspan="2">家长代述</th>
              <th rowspan="2">处理</th>
              <th rowspan="2">体温</th>
              <th rowspan="2">精神状态</th>
              <th rowspan="2">食欲</th>
              <th rowspan="2">睡眠</th>
              <th rowspan="2">小便</th>
              <th colspan="2">大便</th>
              <th rowspan="2">处理</th>
              <th rowspan="2">要点</th>
              <th rowspan="2">签名</th>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <th>次数</th>
              <th>形状</th>
            </tr>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <tr
              v-for="(row, rowIndex) in chapter002.tableData122"
              :key="rowIndex"
            >
              <td v-for="(cell, cellIndex) in row" :key="cellIndex">
                <template v-if="cell === ''">
                  <input
                    type="text"
                    :value="chapter002.tableData122[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                    @blur="
                      updateCell122(rowIndex, cellIndex, $event.target.value)
                    "
                  />
                </template>
                <template v-else>
                  <input
                    type="text"
                    :value="chapter002.tableData122[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                    @blur="
                      updateCell122(rowIndex, cellIndex, $event.target.value)
                    "
                  />
                </template>
              </td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="24">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">1-18</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(24) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">1-18</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h4 id="d011">
          ▶▶ 活动2:接收婴幼儿的药品<span class="fontsz1"
            >>>>>>>>></span
          >
        </h4>
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            楠楠是班里个子最小的孩子,爸爸妈妈总担心楠楠以后个子长不高。最近,楠楠的妈妈看了网上的帖子,对外国的维生素D补充剂深信不疑,于是买来很多药品。周一早上,楠楠的妈妈拿着一瓶标签上写满英文的药品来园,告诉老师这是新买来给楠楠的补钙滴剂,希望老师每天在午饭后能给楠楠喂几滴,盼着楠楠早日长高。
          </p>
        </div>
        <p>1.楠楠的妈妈的做法是否可行?如有不妥的地方,请指出。</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text12"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text12')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>2.当家长带来婴幼儿的药品并要求在园服药时,应该如何处理?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text13"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text13')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>
          3.开展模拟晨间检查实训操作,假设遇到需要服药的婴幼儿,学习如何正确记录在园(所)婴幼儿带药记录表(见表1-2-3)。
        </p>
        <p class="img">表1-2-3 在园(所)婴幼儿带药记录表</p>
        <table class="table111 table122">
          <thead>
            <tr>
              <th
                v-for="(header, index) in chapter002.headerData123"
                :key="index"
              >
                {{ header }}
              </th>
            </tr>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <tr
              v-for="(row, rowIndex) in chapter002.tableData123"
              :key="rowIndex"
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h4 id="d011">
            ▶▶ 活动2:接收婴幼儿的药品<span class="fontsz1"
              >>>>>>>>></span
            >
              <td v-for="(cell, cellIndex) in row" :key="cellIndex">
                <template v-if="cell === ''">
                  <input
                    type="text"
                    v-model="chapter002.tableData123[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                    @blur="
                      updateCell123(rowIndex, cellIndex, $event.target.value)
                    "
                  />
                </template>
                <template v-else>
                  <input
                    type="text"
                    :value="cell"
                    @blur="
                      updateCell123(rowIndex, cellIndex, $event.target.value)
                    "
                  />
                </template>
              </td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
          </h4>
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              楠楠是班里个子最小的孩子,爸爸妈妈总担心楠楠以后个子长不高。最近,楠楠的妈妈看了网上的帖子,对外国的维生素D补充剂深信不疑,于是买来很多药品。周一早上,楠楠的妈妈拿着一瓶标签上写满英文的药品来园,告诉老师这是新买来给楠楠的补钙滴剂,希望老师每天在午饭后能给楠楠喂几滴,盼着楠楠早日长高。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p>1.楠楠的妈妈的做法是否可行?如有不妥的地方,请指出。</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text12"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text12')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>2.当家长带来婴幼儿的药品并要求在园服药时,应该如何处理?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text13"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text13')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>
            3.开展模拟晨间检查实训操作,假设遇到需要服药的婴幼儿,学习如何正确记录在园(所)婴幼儿带药记录表(见表1-2-3)。
          </p>
          <p class="img">表1-2-3 在园(所)婴幼儿带药记录表</p>
          <table class="table111 table122">
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th
                  v-for="(header, index) in chapter002.headerData123"
                  :key="index"
                >
                  {{ header }}
                </th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr
                v-for="(row, rowIndex) in chapter002.tableData123"
                :key="rowIndex"
              >
                <td v-for="(cell, cellIndex) in row" :key="cellIndex">
                  <template v-if="cell === ''">
                    <input
                      type="text"
                      v-model="chapter002.tableData123[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                      @blur="
                        updateCell123(rowIndex, cellIndex, $event.target.value)
                      "
                    />
                  </template>
                  <template v-else>
                    <input
                      type="text"
                      :value="cell"
                      @blur="
                        updateCell123(rowIndex, cellIndex, $event.target.value)
                      "
                    />
                  </template>
                </td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="25">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">第二单元·来园活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">1-19</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(25) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">第二单元·来园活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">1-19</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h3 id="c005">
          <span class="bk-h3"
            ><span class="bj1-h3">三</span>  来园活动的实施 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <p>
          2008年颁布的《上海市0~3岁婴幼儿教养方案(试行)》提到了0~3岁婴幼儿教养理念——“关爱儿童,满足需求”“以养为主,教养融合”“关注发育,顺应发展”“因人而异,开启潜能”,明确指出托育园的教养理念是保教一体化,即教育和保育是要有机融合在一起的。婴幼儿的在园一日生活处处皆教育,来园环节是婴幼儿在托育园集体生活的开始,也是托育园与家庭进行良好对接的第一步,是培养婴幼儿文明礼貌、良好生活习惯等的有效途径。来园活动在一定程度上影响着婴幼儿一整天的情绪状态、生活、学习,也影响着家园关系。
        </p>
        <p>
          保教人员应充分利用来园时段,认真观察婴幼儿的身心状态,努力营造轻松、愉悦的气氛,让婴幼儿愿意与教师、同伴打招呼,愉快地与家人告别。
        </p>
        <h4 id="d012">
          ▶▶ 活动1:设计来园提示卡<span class="fontsz1">>>>>>>>></span>
        </h4>
        <div class="tips-bk">
          <div class="bj-tip">
            设计来源提示卡评分标准<div @click="activityDesign">
              <svg
                xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
                width="19.28"
                height="20.563"
                viewBox="0 0 19.28 20.563"
              >
                <g transform="translate(-109.056 -82.941)">
                  <path
                    class="a"
                    d="M3439.656-15185.7h-12.643a1.815,1.815,0,0,1-1.816-1.81v-16.944a1.83,1.83,0,0,1,1.816-1.809h15.674a1.8,1.8,0,0,1,1.79,1.809v13.93h-4.217a.6.6,0,0,0-.6.6v4.217h0Zm-9.819-2.764a.5.5,0,0,0-.5.5.5.5,0,0,0,.5.5h4a.5.5,0,0,0,.5-.5.5.5,0,0,0-.5-.5Zm0-2a.5.5,0,0,0-.5.5.5.5,0,0,0,.5.5h4a.5.5,0,0,0,.5-.5.5.5,0,0,0-.5-.5Zm1.393-8.525a2.416,2.416,0,0,0-2.416,2.411,2.421,2.421,0,0,0,2.416,2.42h.111a1.8,1.8,0,0,0,1.1,1.1,1.809,1.809,0,0,0,.6.107,1.808,1.808,0,0,0,1.7-1.206h4.072l-.172.172a.635.635,0,0,0-.179.454.569.569,0,0,0,.179.4.637.637,0,0,0,.435.176.6.6,0,0,0,.424-.176l1.2-1.214a.618.618,0,0,0,0-.858l-1.2-1.187a.619.619,0,0,0-.431-.176.6.6,0,0,0-.427.176.615.615,0,0,0,0,.854l.172.176h-4.072a1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.1-1.1,1.755,1.755,0,0,0-.6-.1,1.808,1.808,0,0,0-1.7,1.206h-.111a.554.554,0,0,1-.145-.016,1.2,1.2,0,0,1-.84-.4,1.217,1.217,0,0,1-.3-.878,1.2,1.2,0,0,1,1.206-1.137.407.407,0,0,1,.069,0h3.729a1.807,1.807,0,0,0,1.118,1.114,1.816,1.816,0,0,0,.576.091,1.789,1.789,0,0,0,1.7-1.205h.309a2.415,2.415,0,0,0,1.679-.775,2.407,2.407,0,0,0,.637-1.729,2.411,2.411,0,0,0-2.419-2.324h-6.213a1.821,1.821,0,0,0-1.107-1.1,1.8,1.8,0,0,0-.6-.1,1.814,1.814,0,0,0-1.706,1.2,1.8,1.8,0,0,0,.077,1.389,1.787,1.787,0,0,0,1.026.92,1.841,1.841,0,0,0,.6.1,1.807,1.807,0,0,0,1.706-1.2h6.266a1.179,1.179,0,0,1,.836.4,1.22,1.22,0,0,1,.305.874,1.213,1.213,0,0,1-1.214,1.146h-.172a1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.118-1.118,1.711,1.711,0,0,0-.576-.1,1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.706,1.214Z"
                    transform="translate(-3316.14 15289.201)"
                  />
                  <path
                    class="a"
                    d="M316.806,239.727a.6.6,0,1,0,.6-.6A.6.6,0,0,0,316.806,239.727Zm-5.421-4.207a.6.6,0,1,0,.6.6A.587.587,0,0,0,311.385,235.52Zm2.4,8.438a.607.607,0,1,0-.6-.613A.621.621,0,0,0,313.789,243.958Z"
                    transform="translate(-196.896 -148.921)"
                  />
                  <path
                    class="a"
                    d="M763.392,793.79l3.262-3.262h-3.262Z"
                    transform="translate(-638.661 -690.634)"
                  />
                </g>
              </svg>
            </div>
          </div>
          <div v-if="chapter002.isDesignOpen" class="tips-file">
            <table class="table111 table122">
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th
                    :style="{
                      width:
                        index == 1 || index == chapter002.designData.length - 1
                          ? '100px'
                          : '',
                    }"
                    v-for="(header, index) in chapter002.designHeader"
                    :key="index"
                  >
                    {{ header }}
                  </th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr
                  v-for="(row, rowIndex) in chapter002.designData"
                  :key="rowIndex"
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h3 id="c005">
            <span class="bk-h3"
              ><span class="bj1-h3">三</span>  来园活动的实施 </span
            >
          </h3>
          <p>
            2008年颁布的《上海市0~3岁婴幼儿教养方案(试行)》提到了0~3岁婴幼儿教养理念——“关爱儿童,满足需求”“以养为主,教养融合”“关注发育,顺应发展”“因人而异,开启潜能”,明确指出托育园的教养理念是保教一体化,即教育和保育是要有机融合在一起的。婴幼儿的在园一日生活处处皆教育,来园环节是婴幼儿在托育园集体生活的开始,也是托育园与家庭进行良好对接的第一步,是培养婴幼儿文明礼貌、良好生活习惯等的有效途径。来园活动在一定程度上影响着婴幼儿一整天的情绪状态、生活、学习,也影响着家园关系。
          </p>
          <p>
            保教人员应充分利用来园时段,认真观察婴幼儿的身心状态,努力营造轻松、愉悦的气氛,让婴幼儿愿意与教师、同伴打招呼,愉快地与家人告别。
          </p>
          <h4 id="d012">
            ▶▶ 活动1:设计来园提示卡<span class="fontsz1"
              >>>>>>>>></span
            >
          </h4>
          <div class="tips-bk">
            <div class="bj-tip">
              设计来源提示卡评分标准
              <div @click="activityDesign">
                <svg
                  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
                  width="19.28"
                  height="20.563"
                  viewBox="0 0 19.28 20.563"
                >
                  <td v-for="(cell, cellIndex) in row" :key="cellIndex">
                    <template v-if="cell === ''">
                      <input
                        type="text"
                        v-model="chapter002.designData[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                        @blur="
                          updateCellDesign(
                            rowIndex,
                            cellIndex,
                            $event.target.value
                          )
                        "
                      />
                    </template>
                    <template v-else-if="cellIndex == 4">
                      <input
                        type="text"
                        v-model="chapter002.designData[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                        @blur="
                          updateCellDesign(
                            rowIndex,
                            cellIndex,
                            $event.target.value
                          )
                        "
                      />
                    </template>
                    <template v-else>
                      {{ cell }}
                    </template>
                  </td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
                  <g transform="translate(-109.056 -82.941)">
                    <path
                      class="a"
                      d="M3439.656-15185.7h-12.643a1.815,1.815,0,0,1-1.816-1.81v-16.944a1.83,1.83,0,0,1,1.816-1.809h15.674a1.8,1.8,0,0,1,1.79,1.809v13.93h-4.217a.6.6,0,0,0-.6.6v4.217h0Zm-9.819-2.764a.5.5,0,0,0-.5.5.5.5,0,0,0,.5.5h4a.5.5,0,0,0,.5-.5.5.5,0,0,0-.5-.5Zm0-2a.5.5,0,0,0-.5.5.5.5,0,0,0,.5.5h4a.5.5,0,0,0,.5-.5.5.5,0,0,0-.5-.5Zm1.393-8.525a2.416,2.416,0,0,0-2.416,2.411,2.421,2.421,0,0,0,2.416,2.42h.111a1.8,1.8,0,0,0,1.1,1.1,1.809,1.809,0,0,0,.6.107,1.808,1.808,0,0,0,1.7-1.206h4.072l-.172.172a.635.635,0,0,0-.179.454.569.569,0,0,0,.179.4.637.637,0,0,0,.435.176.6.6,0,0,0,.424-.176l1.2-1.214a.618.618,0,0,0,0-.858l-1.2-1.187a.619.619,0,0,0-.431-.176.6.6,0,0,0-.427.176.615.615,0,0,0,0,.854l.172.176h-4.072a1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.1-1.1,1.755,1.755,0,0,0-.6-.1,1.808,1.808,0,0,0-1.7,1.206h-.111a.554.554,0,0,1-.145-.016,1.2,1.2,0,0,1-.84-.4,1.217,1.217,0,0,1-.3-.878,1.2,1.2,0,0,1,1.206-1.137.407.407,0,0,1,.069,0h3.729a1.807,1.807,0,0,0,1.118,1.114,1.816,1.816,0,0,0,.576.091,1.789,1.789,0,0,0,1.7-1.205h.309a2.415,2.415,0,0,0,1.679-.775,2.407,2.407,0,0,0,.637-1.729,2.411,2.411,0,0,0-2.419-2.324h-6.213a1.821,1.821,0,0,0-1.107-1.1,1.8,1.8,0,0,0-.6-.1,1.814,1.814,0,0,0-1.706,1.2,1.8,1.8,0,0,0,.077,1.389,1.787,1.787,0,0,0,1.026.92,1.841,1.841,0,0,0,.6.1,1.807,1.807,0,0,0,1.706-1.2h6.266a1.179,1.179,0,0,1,.836.4,1.22,1.22,0,0,1,.305.874,1.213,1.213,0,0,1-1.214,1.146h-.172a1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.118-1.118,1.711,1.711,0,0,0-.576-.1,1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.706,1.214Z"
                      transform="translate(-3316.14 15289.201)"
                    />
                    <path
                      class="a"
                      d="M316.806,239.727a.6.6,0,1,0,.6-.6A.6.6,0,0,0,316.806,239.727Zm-5.421-4.207a.6.6,0,1,0,.6.6A.587.587,0,0,0,311.385,235.52Zm2.4,8.438a.607.607,0,1,0-.6-.613A.621.621,0,0,0,313.789,243.958Z"
                      transform="translate(-196.896 -148.921)"
                    />
                    <path
                      class="a"
                      d="M763.392,793.79l3.262-3.262h-3.262Z"
                      transform="translate(-638.661 -690.634)"
                    />
                  </g>
                </svg>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div v-if="chapter002.isDesignOpen" class="tips-file">
              <table class="table111 table122">
                <thead>
                  <tr>
                    <th
                      :style="{
                        width:
                          index == 1 ||
                          index == chapter002.designData.length - 1
                            ? '100px'
                            : '',
                      }"
                      v-for="(header, index) in chapter002.designHeader"
                      :key="index"
                    >
                      {{ header }}
                    </th>
                  </tr>
                </thead>
                <tbody>
                  <tr
                    v-for="(row, rowIndex) in chapter002.designData"
                    :key="rowIndex"
                  >
                    <td v-for="(cell, cellIndex) in row" :key="cellIndex">
                      <template v-if="cell === ''">
                        <input
                          type="text"
                          v-model="chapter002.designData[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                          @blur="
                            updateCellDesign(
                              rowIndex,
                              cellIndex,
                              $event.target.value
                            )
                          "
                        />
                      </template>
                      <template v-else-if="cellIndex == 4">
                        <input
                          type="text"
                          v-model="chapter002.designData[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                          @blur="
                            updateCellDesign(
                              rowIndex,
                              cellIndex,
                              $event.target.value
                            )
                          "
                        />
                      </template>
                      <template v-else>
                        {{ cell }}
                      </template>
                    </td>
                  </tr>
                </tbody>
              </table>
            </div>
          </div>
          <p><br /></p>
          <p><b>①活动准备</b></p>
          <p>1.物品准备:各种材质的纸、各种彩笔、电脑、流畅的网络等。</p>
          <p>2.资料准备:查找有关托育机构内环境创设、墙面布置的相关资料。</p>
          <p><b>②活动过程</b></p>
          <p>
            1.成立合作小组。5人一组,选出组长1名,根据成员的特长分配具体任务。
          </p>
          <p>2.讨论来园活动中有哪些工作内容、需要达到哪些工作目标。</p>
          <p>3.针对来园活动,设计来园提示卡(见图1-2-1)。</p>
          <p>
            4.介绍、分享,组长介绍设计墙面的思路、意义与目的,组员分享自己在活动过程中的心得。
          </p>
          <p>5.评分,由其他组按照设计来园提示卡的评分标准打分。</p>
          <p class="center">
            <el-image
              class="chapter002-img-0035"
              :src="picOneUrl"
              :preview-src-list="picArr"
            />
            <!-- <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../image/0035-2.jpg" /> -->
          </p>
          <p class="img">图1-2-1 来园提示卡</p>
        </div>
        <p><br/></p>
        <p><b>①活动准备</b></p>
        <p>1.物品准备:各种材质的纸、各种彩笔、电脑、流畅的网络等。</p>
        <p>2.资料准备:查找有关托育机构内环境创设、墙面布置的相关资料。</p>
        <p><b>②活动过程</b></p>
        <p>
          1.成立合作小组。5人一组,选出组长1名,根据成员的特长分配具体任务。
        </p>
        <p>2.讨论来园活动中有哪些工作内容、需要达到哪些工作目标。</p>
        <p>3.针对来园活动,设计来园提示卡(见图1-2-1)。</p>
        <p>
          4.介绍、分享,组长介绍设计墙面的思路、意义与目的,组员分享自己在活动过程中的心得。
        </p>
        <p>5.评分,由其他组按照设计来园提示卡的评分标准打分。</p>
        <p class="center">
          <el-image
            class="chapter002-img-0035"
            :src="picOneUrl"
            :preview-src-list="picArr"
          />
          <!-- <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../image/0035-2.jpg" /> -->
        </p>
        <p class="img">图1-2-1 来园提示卡</p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="26">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">1-20</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(26) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">1-20</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h4 id="d013">
          ▶▶ 活动2:来园接待<span class="fontsz1">>>>>>>>></span>
        </h4>
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述1 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            妮妮已经2岁半了,很少跟家人以外的人沟通。每天早上到托育园后,她都不会主动向老师打招呼,老师问她时,她总是害羞地笑笑。平时也不会像其他孩子那样围在老师身边主动说话。
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h4 id="d013">
            ▶▶ 活动2:来园接待<span class="fontsz1">>>>>>>>></span>
          </h4>
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述1 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              妮妮已经2岁半了,很少跟家人以外的人沟通。每天早上到托育园后,她都不会主动向老师打招呼,老师问她时,她总是害羞地笑笑。平时也不会像其他孩子那样围在老师身边主动说话。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p>1.妮妮不愿意打招呼的原因可能有哪些?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text14"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text14')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>2.怎样才能让妮妮愿意尝试打招呼呢?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text15"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text15')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>
            3.除了培养婴幼儿的礼貌行为,来园环节还有哪些良好的习惯需要培养?
          </p>
        </div>
        <p>1.妮妮不愿意打招呼的原因可能有哪些?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text14"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text14')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>2.怎样才能让妮妮愿意尝试打招呼呢?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text15"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text15')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>3.除了培养婴幼儿的礼貌行为,来园环节还有哪些良好的习惯需要培养?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text16"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text16')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述2 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            小宝是过敏体质,平日接送小宝的奶奶非常疼爱他,这几天季节变化,小宝咳嗽得厉害,奶奶很焦虑。早上来托育园时,奶奶不放心地拉着陈老师嘱咐了很多注意事项:“陈老师,这几天我们小宝要忌口,不能吃海鲜。你要让小宝多喝一点水。睡觉的时候,小宝穿在里面的那件小背心是不能脱的。”
          </p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text16"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text16')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述2 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              小宝是过敏体质,平日接送小宝的奶奶非常疼爱他,这几天季节变化,小宝咳嗽得厉害,奶奶很焦虑。早上来托育园时,奶奶不放心地拉着陈老师嘱咐了很多注意事项:“陈老师,这几天我们小宝要忌口,不能吃海鲜。你要让小宝多喝一点水。睡觉的时候,小宝穿在里面的那件小背心是不能脱的。”
            </p>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="27">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">第二单元·来园活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">1-21</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(27) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">第二单元·来园活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">1-21</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>
          1.来园时,面对焦虑的家长和家长提出的诸多要求,陈老师应该如何应对和处理?
        </p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text17"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text17')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>2.来园接待家长时,保教人员应该做到什么?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text18"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text18')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>3.学习阅读手册,找出来园接待的意义并写下来。</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text19"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text19')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <h4 id="d014">
          ▶▶ 活动3:来园安抚<span class="fontsz1">>>>>>>>></span>
        </h4>
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述1 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            2岁的诗恩曾在新加坡的幼稚园念过2个月的半日班。原本就害羞内向的她,换了个语言都不通的异国环境,焦虑情绪十分明显,每天哭闹得十分厉害……
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>
            1.来园时,面对焦虑的家长和家长提出的诸多要求,陈老师应该如何应对和处理?
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            第一天入园,诗恩和妈妈一起进了教室,她的哭闹行为让妈妈手足无措,于是趁诗恩不备,妈妈就悄悄离开了。结果,第二天诗恩根本不愿进教室,经过一番激烈“争斗”,妈妈仓皇“逃跑”,诗恩失去了安全感,哭闹不止……
          </p>
        </div>
        <p>1.诗恩的妈妈这样做会给孩子造成什么样的影响?家长应该怎么做?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text20"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text20')"
          ></textarea>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text17"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text17')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>2.来园接待家长时,保教人员应该做到什么?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text18"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text18')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>3.学习阅读手册,找出来园接待的意义并写下来。</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text19"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text19')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <h4 id="d014">
            ▶▶ 活动3:来园安抚<span class="fontsz1">>>>>>>>></span>
          </h4>
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述1 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              2岁的诗恩曾在新加坡的幼稚园念过2个月的半日班。原本就害羞内向的她,换了个语言都不通的异国环境,焦虑情绪十分明显,每天哭闹得十分厉害……
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              第一天入园,诗恩和妈妈一起进了教室,她的哭闹行为让妈妈手足无措,于是趁诗恩不备,妈妈就悄悄离开了。结果,第二天诗恩根本不愿进教室,经过一番激烈“争斗”,妈妈仓皇“逃跑”,诗恩失去了安全感,哭闹不止……
            </p>
          </div>
          <p>1.诗恩的妈妈这样做会给孩子造成什么样的影响?家长应该怎么做?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text20"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text20')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="28">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">1-22</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(28) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">1-22</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>2.查阅阅读手册,找出依恋的概念,说明依恋的表现及原因。</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <p class="left">概念</p>
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text21"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="3"
            class="textareaInput"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text21')"
          ></textarea>
          <p class="left">表现</p>
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text22"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="3"
            class="textareaInput"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text22')"
          ></textarea>
          <p class="left">原因</p>
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text23"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="3"
            class="textareaInput"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text23')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>3.对婴幼儿依恋行为的有效安抚方式有哪些?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text24"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text24')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述2 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            因为将孩子送入园后孩子会哭闹不止,诗恩的妈妈越来越不舍得离开孩子,并且时常在教室外逗留,让孩子刚刚平静的情绪又开始波动……
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            孩子入园后一段时间的焦虑情绪完全影响了妈妈,由于诗恩的妈妈也是第一次与孩子长时间分开,感情丰富的妈妈的焦虑情绪又影响了孩子,如此恶性循环,会让孩子的适应托育园之路走得更漫长。
          </p>
        </div>
        <p>如何缓解家长的焦虑情绪?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text25"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text25')"
          ></textarea>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>2.查阅阅读手册,找出依恋的概念,说明依恋的表现及原因。</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <p class="left">概念</p>
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text21"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="3"
              class="textareaInput"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text21')"
            ></textarea>
            <p class="left">表现</p>
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text22"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="3"
              class="textareaInput"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text22')"
            ></textarea>
            <p class="left">原因</p>
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text23"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="3"
              class="textareaInput"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text23')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>3.对婴幼儿依恋行为的有效安抚方式有哪些?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text24"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text24')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述2 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              因为将孩子送入园后孩子会哭闹不止,诗恩的妈妈越来越不舍得离开孩子,并且时常在教室外逗留,让孩子刚刚平静的情绪又开始波动……
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              孩子入园后一段时间的焦虑情绪完全影响了妈妈,由于诗恩的妈妈也是第一次与孩子长时间分开,感情丰富的妈妈的焦虑情绪又影响了孩子,如此恶性循环,会让孩子的适应托育园之路走得更漫长。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p>如何缓解家长的焦虑情绪?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter002.textAreaItem.text25"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text25')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="29">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">第二单元·来园活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">1-23</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(29) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">第二单元·来园活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">1-23</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h4 id="d015">
          ▶▶ 应用与实践<span class="fontsz1">>>>>>>>></span>
        </h4>
        <p><b>一、单选题</b></p>
        <p>
          1.欲配制浓度为250mg/L的有效氯消毒剂2000mL,需要使用有效氯含量为500mg/片的含氯消毒片( <input
            v-model="chapter002.radio.text1"
            @blur="onRadioText()"
          /> ),加水( <input
            v-model="chapter002.radio.text2"
            @blur="onRadioText()"
          /> )。
        </p>
        <p class="block">A.1片 1000mL</p>
        <p class="block">B.2片 1000mL</p>
        <p class="block">C.1片 2000mL</p>
        <p class="block">D.2片 2000mL</p>
        <p>
          2.下列关于开窗通风的说法不正确的是( <input
            v-model="chapter002.radio.text3"
            @blur="onRadioText()"
          /> )。
        </p>
        <p class="block">A.开窗通风的频率是每天2~3次</p>
        <p class="block">B.开窗通风时要打开全部门窗</p>
        <p class="block">C.中重度雾霾天也要做好开窗通风</p>
        <p class="block">D.每次开窗通风时间不少于30分钟</p>
        <p>
          3.下列不适宜婴幼儿携带入园的物品是( <input
            v-model="chapter002.radio.text4"
            @blur="onRadioText()"
          /> )。
        </p>
        <p class="block">A.婴幼儿专用食品</p>
        <p class="block">B.纸尿裤</p>
        <p class="block">C.替换衣物</p>
        <p class="block">D.玩具</p>
        <p>
          4.婴幼儿全日观察的内容是( <input
            v-model="chapter002.radio.text5"
            @blur="onRadioText()"
          /> )。
        </p>
        <p class="block">A.体温</p>
        <p class="block">B.精神</p>
        <p class="block">C.食欲</p>
        <p class="block">D.以上都是</p>
        <p>
          5.遇到需要服药的婴幼儿,需要核对的信息是( <input
            v-model="chapter002.radio.text6"
            @blur="onRadioText()"
          /> )。
        </p>
        <p class="block">A.婴幼儿的姓名及就诊病历</p>
        <p class="block">B.服用药物的名称及用途</p>
        <p class="block">C.服用药物的时间及剂量</p>
        <p class="block">D.以上都是</p>
        <p>
          6.接待婴幼儿与家长时,要做到( <input
            v-model="chapter002.radio.text7"
            @blur="onRadioText()"
          /> )。
        </p>
        <p class="block">A.情绪愉悦、态度热情</p>
        <p class="block">B.耐心听嘱托、做好物品交接工作</p>
        <p class="block">C.与婴幼儿及家长礼貌打招呼</p>
        <p class="block">D.以上都是</p>
        <p><b>二、论述题</b></p>
        <p>梳理本单元的学习内容,写出来园环节都包含哪些保育工作。</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter002.radio.desc"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('desc')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <div class="tips-bk">
          <div class="bj-tip">
            云测试:单元二应用与实践 <div @click="activityThree">
              <svg
                xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
                xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
                width="20.115"
                height="19.988"
                viewBox="0 0 20.115 19.988"
              >
                <path
                  class="a"
                  d="M3356.437-15192.012a.568.568,0,0,1-.236-.052.566.566,0,0,1-.271-.744l1.134-2.429h-5.505a.558.558,0,0,1-.557-.558.559.559,0,0,1,.557-.561h19a.559.559,0,0,1,.557.561.558.558,0,0,1-.557.558h-5.505l1.13,2.429a.552.552,0,0,1,.019.427.55.55,0,0,1-.29.313.547.547,0,0,1-.238.055.557.557,0,0,1-.5-.322l-1.355-2.9h-5.52l-1.352,2.9A.563.563,0,0,1,3356.437-15192.012Zm12.442-5.462h-15.645a2.236,2.236,0,0,1-2.233-2.233v-10.06a2.236,2.236,0,0,1,2.233-2.233h15.645a2.238,2.238,0,0,1,2.237,2.233v10.06A2.238,2.238,0,0,1,3368.88-15197.474Zm-4.842-11.732a1.112,1.112,0,0,0-.748.287l-4.986,4.486a1.143,1.143,0,0,0-.309.473l-1.577,2.727a.57.57,0,0,0,.034.61.552.552,0,0,0,.447.229.448.448,0,0,0,.126-.016.55.55,0,0,0,.13-.03l2.871-1.233a1.153,1.153,0,0,0,.523-.268l4.982-4.485a1.121,1.121,0,0,0,.084-1.581l-.748-.828A1.113,1.113,0,0,0,3364.038-15209.206Z"
                  transform="translate(-3351.001 15212)"
                />
              </svg>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h4 id="d015">
            ▶▶ 应用与实践<span class="fontsz1">>>>>>>>></span>
          </h4>
          <p><b>一、单选题</b></p>
          <p>
            1.欲配制浓度为250mg/L的有效氯消毒剂2000mL,需要使用有效氯含量为500mg/片的含氯消毒片( <input
              v-model="chapter002.radio.text1"
              @blur="onRadioText()"
            /> ),加水( <input
              v-model="chapter002.radio.text2"
              @blur="onRadioText()"
            /> )。
          </p>
          <p class="block">A.1片 1000mL</p>
          <p class="block">B.2片 1000mL</p>
          <p class="block">C.1片 2000mL</p>
          <p class="block">D.2片 2000mL</p>
          <p>
            2.下列关于开窗通风的说法不正确的是( <input
              v-model="chapter002.radio.text3"
              @blur="onRadioText()"
            /> )。
          </p>
          <p class="block">A.开窗通风的频率是每天2~3次</p>
          <p class="block">B.开窗通风时要打开全部门窗</p>
          <p class="block">C.中重度雾霾天也要做好开窗通风</p>
          <p class="block">D.每次开窗通风时间不少于30分钟</p>
          <p>
            3.下列不适宜婴幼儿携带入园的物品是( <input
              v-model="chapter002.radio.text4"
              @blur="onRadioText()"
            /> )。
          </p>
          <p class="block">A.婴幼儿专用食品</p>
          <p class="block">B.纸尿裤</p>
          <p class="block">C.替换衣物</p>
          <p class="block">D.玩具</p>
          <p>
            4.婴幼儿全日观察的内容是( <input
              v-model="chapter002.radio.text5"
              @blur="onRadioText()"
            /> )。
          </p>
          <p class="block">A.体温</p>
          <p class="block">B.精神</p>
          <p class="block">C.食欲</p>
          <p class="block">D.以上都是</p>
          <p>
            5.遇到需要服药的婴幼儿,需要核对的信息是( <input
              v-model="chapter002.radio.text6"
              @blur="onRadioText()"
            /> )。
          </p>
          <p class="block">A.婴幼儿的姓名及就诊病历</p>
          <p class="block">B.服用药物的名称及用途</p>
          <p class="block">C.服用药物的时间及剂量</p>
          <p class="block">D.以上都是</p>
          <p>
            6.接待婴幼儿与家长时,要做到( <input
              v-model="chapter002.radio.text7"
              @blur="onRadioText()"
            /> )。
          </p>
          <p class="block">A.情绪愉悦、态度热情</p>
          <p class="block">B.耐心听嘱托、做好物品交接工作</p>
          <p class="block">C.与婴幼儿及家长礼貌打招呼</p>
          <p class="block">D.以上都是</p>
          <p><b>二、论述题</b></p>
          <p>梳理本单元的学习内容,写出来园环节都包含哪些保育工作。</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter002.radio.desc"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('desc')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <div class="tips-bk">
            <div class="bj-tip">
              云测试:单元二应用与实践
              <div @click="activityThree">
                <svg
                  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
                  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
                  width="20.115"
                  height="19.988"
                  viewBox="0 0 20.115 19.988"
                >
                  <path
                    class="a"
                    d="M3356.437-15192.012a.568.568,0,0,1-.236-.052.566.566,0,0,1-.271-.744l1.134-2.429h-5.505a.558.558,0,0,1-.557-.558.559.559,0,0,1,.557-.561h19a.559.559,0,0,1,.557.561.558.558,0,0,1-.557.558h-5.505l1.13,2.429a.552.552,0,0,1,.019.427.55.55,0,0,1-.29.313.547.547,0,0,1-.238.055.557.557,0,0,1-.5-.322l-1.355-2.9h-5.52l-1.352,2.9A.563.563,0,0,1,3356.437-15192.012Zm12.442-5.462h-15.645a2.236,2.236,0,0,1-2.233-2.233v-10.06a2.236,2.236,0,0,1,2.233-2.233h15.645a2.238,2.238,0,0,1,2.237,2.233v10.06A2.238,2.238,0,0,1,3368.88-15197.474Zm-4.842-11.732a1.112,1.112,0,0,0-.748.287l-4.986,4.486a1.143,1.143,0,0,0-.309.473l-1.577,2.727a.57.57,0,0,0,.034.61.552.552,0,0,0,.447.229.448.448,0,0,0,.126-.016.55.55,0,0,0,.13-.03l2.871-1.233a1.153,1.153,0,0,0,.523-.268l4.982-4.485a1.121,1.121,0,0,0,.084-1.581l-.748-.828A1.113,1.113,0,0,0,3364.038-15209.206Z"
                    transform="translate(-3351.001 15212)"
                  />
                </svg>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
          <div
            v-if="chapter002.idOpenThree && chapter002.qustionData[23]"
            class="tips-file"
          >
            <examinations
              :primaryColor="'#f49a4c'"
              :cardList="chapter002.qustionData[23]"
            />
            <div
              v-if="chapter002.idOpenThree && questionData"
              class="tips-file"
            >
              <examinations
                :primaryColor="'#f49a4c'"
                :cardList="questionData[29]"
              />
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
@@ -1380,12 +1421,19 @@
</template>
<script>
import getResourcePath from "@/assets/methods/resources.js";
import getQuestionData from "@/assets/methods/examination.js";
import testData from "../js/examinationList.js";
import examinations from "@/components/examinations/index.vue";
export default {
  // eslint-disable-next-line vue/multi-word-component-names
  name: "chapter002",
  props: {
    showPageList: {
      type: Array,
    },
    questionData: {
      type: Object,
    },
  },
  data() {
    return {
      picOneUrl: require("../image/0027-1.jpg"),
@@ -1398,7 +1446,6 @@
        idOpenThree: true,
        isGroupOpen: true,
        isDesignOpen: true,
        isInspectOpen: true,
        isInspectOpen: true,
        qustionData: {},
        textAreaItem: {},
@@ -1640,11 +1687,6 @@
      "https:/jsek.bnuic.com/file/api/ApiDownload?md5=b727b78f8036a38cbd054816a81da7f8";
    this.chapter002.videOneUrl =
      "https:/jsek.bnuic.com/file/api/ApiDownload?md5=6e471afdbeb95a8891f1551cbb0cd4fd";
    this.chapter002.qustionData = await getQuestionData(
      "2",
      testData[2],
      this.config.activeBook
    );
  },
  methods: {
    activityOne() {
src/books/lifeCare/view/chapter003.vue
Diff too large
src/books/lifeCare/view/chapter004.vue
@@ -1,355 +1,368 @@
<template>
  <div class="chapter" num="5">
    <div class="page-box" page="55">
      <div class="bodystyle topImg">
        <h2 id="b004">
          <img class="img-0" alt="" src="../image/dy4.jpg" />
        </h2>
        <div class="bk">
          <div class="bj1">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/dy-xxmb.jpg" />
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(55) > -1">
        <div class="bodystyle topImg">
          <h2 id="b004">
            <img class="img-0" alt="" src="../image/dy4.jpg" />
          </h2>
          <div class="bk">
            <div class="bj1">
              <p class="left">
                <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/dy-xxmb.jpg" />
              </p>
            </div>
            <p class="block">通过本单元的学习,同学们应当实现如下学习目标。</p>
            <p class="block">
              1.为婴幼儿营造良好的如厕环境,并说出影响婴幼儿如厕的因素。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              2.识别婴幼儿的如厕信号,并根据年龄特点采取恰当的回应方式。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              3.为不同年龄段、不同性别的婴幼儿更换纸尿裤,能说出更换纸尿裤时需注意的事项。
            </p>
            <p class="block">4.说出婴幼儿如厕训练的时机,会实施如厕训练。</p>
            <p class="block">
              5.辨别婴幼儿的异常便,会实施异常便的留样和处置。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              6.指导婴幼儿自主如厕,组织婴幼儿集体如厕,能说出婴幼儿集体如厕的流程,并做好记录。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              7.通过家园合作、个别照护与教育指导,培养婴幼儿良好的如厕习惯。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              8.照护婴幼儿如厕,体验婴幼儿照护的专业性,培养细心、耐心和吃苦耐劳的精神。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p class="block">通过本单元的学习,同学们应当实现如下学习目标。</p>
          <p class="block">
            1.为婴幼儿营造良好的如厕环境,并说出影响婴幼儿如厕的因素。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            2.识别婴幼儿的如厕信号,并根据年龄特点采取恰当的回应方式。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            3.为不同年龄段、不同性别的婴幼儿更换纸尿裤,能说出更换纸尿裤时需注意的事项。
          </p>
          <p class="block">4.说出婴幼儿如厕训练的时机,会实施如厕训练。</p>
          <p class="block">5.辨别婴幼儿的异常便,会实施异常便的留样和处置。</p>
          <p class="block">
            6.指导婴幼儿自主如厕,组织婴幼儿集体如厕,能说出婴幼儿集体如厕的流程,并做好记录。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            7.通过家园合作、个别照护与教育指导,培养婴幼儿良好的如厕习惯。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            8.照护婴幼儿如厕,体验婴幼儿照护的专业性,培养细心、耐心和吃苦耐劳的精神。
          </p>
        </div>
        <div class="bk">
          <div class="bj1">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/dy-xxjy.jpg" />
          <div class="bk">
            <div class="bj1">
              <p class="left">
                <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/dy-xxjy.jpg" />
              </p>
            </div>
            <p class="block">
              为了取得更好的学习效果,建议同学们在学习这部分内容时做到以下几点。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              1.课前预习阅读手册,了解本单元主要的学习任务,收集与婴幼儿如厕相关的问题及视频作为学习的参考资料。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              2.在回答行动手册的问题时,除了可以参考阅读手册之外,还可以借助《保育师国家职业技能标准》《育婴员国家职业技能标准》及其他相关资料。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              3.走访母婴用品店,了解尿布及纸尿裤的类型和适用年龄。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              4.借助实训的机会,或利用假期、周末,开展婴幼儿如厕照护实践,强化自身的如厕照护技能,培养自身热爱婴幼儿的职业情感。
            </p>
            <p class="block">建议学时:3学时。</p>
          </div>
          <p class="block">
            为了取得更好的学习效果,建议同学们在学习这部分内容时做到以下几点。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            1.课前预习阅读手册,了解本单元主要的学习任务,收集与婴幼儿如厕相关的问题及视频作为学习的参考资料。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            2.在回答行动手册的问题时,除了可以参考阅读手册之外,还可以借助《保育师国家职业技能标准》《育婴员国家职业技能标准》及其他相关资料。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            3.走访母婴用品店,了解尿布及纸尿裤的类型和适用年龄。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            4.借助实训的机会,或利用假期、周末,开展婴幼儿如厕照护实践,强化自身的如厕照护技能,培养自身热爱婴幼儿的职业情感。
          </p>
          <p class="block">建议学时:3学时。</p>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="56">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">第四单元·如厕活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">1-51</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(56) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">第四单元·如厕活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">1-51</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <div class="bk">
          <div class="bj1">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/dy-xxdh.jpg" />
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <div class="bk">
            <div class="bj1">
              <p class="left">
                <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/dy-xxdh.jpg" />
              </p>
            </div>
            <p class="center">
              <el-image
                class="chapter002-img-0035"
                :src="picOneUrl"
                :preview-src-list="picArr"
              />
              <!-- <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../image/0067-1.jpg" /> -->
            </p>
          </div>
          <p class="center">
            <el-image
              class="chapter002-img-0035"
              :src="picOneUrl"
              :preview-src-list="picArr"
            />
            <!-- <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../image/0067-1.jpg" /> -->
          </p>
        </div>
        <div class="bk">
          <div class="bj1">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/dy-qjgs.jpg" />
          <div class="bk">
            <div class="bj1">
              <p class="left">
                <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/dy-qjgs.jpg" />
              </p>
            </div>
            <p class="block">
              某托育园托大班的唐老师每天都清洁、消毒托育园内的卫生间,备好厕纸、擦手毛巾等,将其放在易于婴幼儿拿取的地方,保持如厕环境安全、整洁、干燥。如果发现婴幼儿有如厕信号,就会耐心地引导婴幼儿自主如厕,并在一旁观察、指导。婴幼儿如厕后,唐老师还要亲自检查婴幼儿的大小便,以观察婴幼儿是否有异常便,如发现异常会及时留样,并报告保健医生。婴幼儿如厕结束后,唐老师会指导婴幼儿洗手,并对厕所环境、设施及时进行清洁、消毒。当发现有婴幼儿将大小便弄到身上时,她会耐心地处理,同时注意呵护婴幼儿的自尊心,并做好婴幼儿如厕记录。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p class="block">
            某托育园托大班的唐老师每天都清洁、消毒托育园内的卫生间,备好厕纸、擦手毛巾等,将其放在易于婴幼儿拿取的地方,保持如厕环境安全、整洁、干燥。如果发现婴幼儿有如厕信号,就会耐心地引导婴幼儿自主如厕,并在一旁观察、指导。婴幼儿如厕后,唐老师还要亲自检查婴幼儿的大小便,以观察婴幼儿是否有异常便,如发现异常会及时留样,并报告保健医生。婴幼儿如厕结束后,唐老师会指导婴幼儿洗手,并对厕所环境、设施及时进行清洁、消毒。当发现有婴幼儿将大小便弄到身上时,她会耐心地处理,同时注意呵护婴幼儿的自尊心,并做好婴幼儿如厕记录。
          <h3 id="c012">
            <span class="bk-h3"
              ><span class="bj1-h3">一</span>  如厕前的准备 </span
            >
          </h3>
          <p>
            如厕看似是一个很普通的生活活动,其中却蕴含着许多重要的生理价值和心理价值。从现实生活来看,不少婴幼儿在家如厕时,被大人包办得太多,再加上入园后照护人、如厕方式及如厕器具的改变,对多数婴幼儿来说,在园如厕成为一种挑战。因此,保教人员在照护婴幼儿在园如厕之前,只有做好充足的准备才能保证婴幼儿的如厕安全和提高如厕成功率。保教人员应在婴幼儿如厕之前做些什么呢?如厕前,还要给婴幼儿哪些心理提示呢?
          </p>
        </div>
        <h3 id="c012">
          <span class="bk-h3"
            ><span class="bj1-h3">一</span>  如厕前的准备 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <p>
          如厕看似是一个很普通的生活活动,其中却蕴含着许多重要的生理价值和心理价值。从现实生活来看,不少婴幼儿在家如厕时,被大人包办得太多,再加上入园后照护人、如厕方式及如厕器具的改变,对多数婴幼儿来说,在园如厕成为一种挑战。因此,保教人员在照护婴幼儿在园如厕之前,只有做好充足的准备才能保证婴幼儿的如厕安全和提高如厕成功率。保教人员应在婴幼儿如厕之前做些什么呢?如厕前,还要给婴幼儿哪些心理提示呢?
        </p>
        <h4 id="d032">
          ▶▶ 活动1:说出婴幼儿二便的特点<span class="fontsz1"
            >>>>>>>>></span
          >
        </h4>
        <div class="bk">
          <div class="bj1">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/dy-xgzl.jpg" />
          <h4 id="d032">
            ▶▶ 活动1:说出婴幼儿二便的特点<span class="fontsz1"
              >>>>>>>>></span
            >
          </h4>
          <div class="bk">
            <div class="bj1">
              <p class="left">
                <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/dy-xgzl.jpg" />
              </p>
            </div>
            <p class="block">
              孩子的小便次数是多少才算正常?正常来说,一天应该要有6次以上的小便,6个月以前的孩子可以有20~30次。尿量及次数会受到食量和气温的影响,如果孩子吃得多、喝得多或者是气温比较低,尿的次数就可能增多,尿量也比较大。每个孩子之间存在个体差异。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              孩子的大便次数也是不固定的。刚出生的宝宝大便次数很多,有时就是放屁也会拉出一点。孩子的大便次数也会受到不同食物的影响,只要孩子的大便正常,体重正常,即使次数多也不用太担心。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p class="block">
            孩子的小便次数是多少才算正常?正常来说,一天应该要有6次以上的小便,6个月以前的孩子可以有20~30次。尿量及次数会受到食量和气温的影响,如果孩子吃得多、喝得多或者是气温比较低,尿的次数就可能增多,尿量也比较大。每个孩子之间存在个体差异。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            孩子的大便次数也是不固定的。刚出生的宝宝大便次数很多,有时就是放屁也会拉出一点。孩子的大便次数也会受到不同食物的影响,只要孩子的大便正常,体重正常,即使次数多也不用太担心。
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="57">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">1-52</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(57) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">1-52</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>根据以上材料,结合阅读手册,找出婴幼儿二便的特点。</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <p class="left">小便</p>
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text1"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="3"
            class="textareaInput"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text1')"
          ></textarea>
          <p class="left">大便</p>
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text2"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="3"
            class="textareaInput"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text2')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <h4 id="d033">
          ▶▶ 活动2:了解婴幼儿二便的保育要点<span class="fontsz1"
            >>>>>>>>></span
          >
        </h4>
        <div class="bk">
          <div class="bj1">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/dy-xgzl.jpg" />
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>根据以上材料,结合阅读手册,找出婴幼儿二便的特点。</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <p class="left">小便</p>
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text1"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="3"
              class="textareaInput"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text1')"
            ></textarea>
            <p class="left">大便</p>
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text2"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="3"
              class="textareaInput"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text2')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <h4 id="d033">
            ▶▶ 活动2:了解婴幼儿二便的保育要点<span class="fontsz1"
              >>>>>>>>></span
            >
          </h4>
          <div class="bk">
            <div class="bj1">
              <p class="left">
                <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/dy-xgzl.jpg" />
              </p>
            </div>
            <p class="block">
              婴儿的大小便靠反射动作排出,无法自己控制;2~3岁的幼儿在生理上已成熟,可以随意控制排便的肌肉。当婴幼儿在内急时,不需要提醒,自己就能走向马桶,脱下裤子大小便,之后再穿好裤子,这就是所谓完成如厕训练了。从随意排泄到自主如厕的变化离不开照护者的科学引导,这里涉及许多保育的内容。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p class="block">
            婴儿的大小便靠反射动作排出,无法自己控制;2~3岁的幼儿在生理上已成熟,可以随意控制排便的肌肉。当婴幼儿在内急时,不需要提醒,自己就能走向马桶,脱下裤子大小便,之后再穿好裤子,这就是所谓完成如厕训练了。从随意排泄到自主如厕的变化离不开照护者的科学引导,这里涉及许多保育的内容。
          <p>
            请查阅阅读手册,找出7~12月龄、13~24月龄、25~36月龄婴幼儿二便的保育要点。
          </p>
        </div>
        <p>
          请查阅阅读手册,找出7~12月龄、13~24月龄、25~36月龄婴幼儿二便的保育要点。
        </p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <p class="left">7~12月龄</p>
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text3"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="3"
            class="textareaInput"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text3')"
          ></textarea>
          <p class="left">13~24月龄</p>
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text4"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="3"
            class="textareaInput"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text4')"
          ></textarea>
          <p class="left">25~36月龄</p>
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text5"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="3"
            class="textareaInput"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text5')"
          ></textarea>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <p class="left">7~12月龄</p>
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text3"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="3"
              class="textareaInput"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text3')"
            ></textarea>
            <p class="left">13~24月龄</p>
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text4"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="3"
              class="textareaInput"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text4')"
            ></textarea>
            <p class="left">25~36月龄</p>
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text5"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="3"
              class="textareaInput"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text5')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="58">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">第四单元·如厕活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">1-53</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(58) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">第四单元·如厕活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">1-53</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h4 id="d034">
          ▶▶ 活动3:如厕环境的准备<span class="fontsz1">>>>>>>>></span>
        </h4>
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述1 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            托育园的萌萌小朋友肚子不舒服,张老师带他上了卫生间,发现萌萌的大便很稀,是水样便,张老师帮助萌萌擦好了屁股,简单地冲了厕所后就忙着做其他的事情了。第二天,托育园陆续又发现多位小朋友出现了像萌萌一样的症状,后来了解到这些小朋友都感染了诺如病毒,这种病毒可通过粪口途径(包括摄入粪便或呕吐物产生的气溶胶)传播,或通过间接接触被排泄物污染的环境而传播。
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h4 id="d034">
            ▶▶ 活动3:如厕环境的准备<span class="fontsz1"
              >>>>>>>>></span
            >
          </h4>
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述1 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              托育园的萌萌小朋友肚子不舒服,张老师带他上了卫生间,发现萌萌的大便很稀,是水样便,张老师帮助萌萌擦好了屁股,简单地冲了厕所后就忙着做其他的事情了。第二天,托育园陆续又发现多位小朋友出现了像萌萌一样的症状,后来了解到这些小朋友都感染了诺如病毒,这种病毒可通过粪口途径(包括摄入粪便或呕吐物产生的气溶胶)传播,或通过间接接触被排泄物污染的环境而传播。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p>
            根据以上情境,请小组合作,查阅阅读手册中的相关资料,写下你们的分析和建议。
          </p>
        </div>
        <p>
          根据以上情境,请小组合作,查阅阅读手册中的相关资料,写下你们的分析和建议。
        </p>
        <p>1.造成诺如病毒传播的主要原因是什么?请提出改进建议。</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text6"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text6')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>2.查阅阅读手册,写一写如厕前的物质准备主要包括哪些内容。</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text7"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text7')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述2 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            托育园的王老师给宝宝换纸尿裤的时候,从来都是只管换纸尿裤,不与宝宝进行眼神和语言的交流,她认为,宝宝的年龄小,听不懂,也不会说话,换纸尿裤的动作做对就行了,其他那些眼神和语言互动没啥必要。
          </p>
        </div>
        <p>1.王老师的做法对吗?请写出理由。</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text8"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text8')"
          ></textarea>
          <p>1.造成诺如病毒传播的主要原因是什么?请提出改进建议。</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text6"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text6')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>2.查阅阅读手册,写一写如厕前的物质准备主要包括哪些内容。</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text7"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text7')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述2 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              托育园的王老师给宝宝换纸尿裤的时候,从来都是只管换纸尿裤,不与宝宝进行眼神和语言的交流,她认为,宝宝的年龄小,听不懂,也不会说话,换纸尿裤的动作做对就行了,其他那些眼神和语言互动没啥必要。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p>1.王老师的做法对吗?请写出理由。</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text8"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text8')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="59">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">1-54</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(59) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">1-54</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>2.查阅阅读手册,写一写如厕前的精神准备主要包括哪些内容。</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text9"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text9')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <h3 id="c013">
          <span class="bk-h3"
            ><span class="bj1-h3">二</span>  婴幼儿如厕 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <p><br /></p>
        <div class="tips-bk">
          <div class="bj-tip">
            视频:给宝宝换尿布
            <div @click="activityOne">
              <svg
                xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
                xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
                width="20.863"
                height="20.817"
                viewBox="0 0 19.863 13.817"
              >
                <g transform="translate(-40.961 -184.321)">
                  <path
                    class="a"
                    d="M4.647,1.4a1,1,0,0,1,1.707,0L10.07,7.479A1,1,0,0,1,9.217,9H1.783A1,1,0,0,1,.93,7.479Z"
                    transform="translate(51.824 196.82) rotate(-90)"
                  />
                  <path
                    class="b"
                    d="M3322.914-15094.863h-10.363a2.593,2.593,0,0,1-2.59-2.59v-8.638a2.593,2.593,0,0,1,2.59-2.59h10.363a2.6,2.6,0,0,1,2.594,2.59v1.729c.013.027,0,3.6,0,5.141v1.769A2.6,2.6,0,0,1,3322.914-15094.863Zm-6.9-9.933a.862.862,0,0,0-.755.468.947.947,0,0,0-.114.455v4.2a.9.9,0,0,0,.868.922.848.848,0,0,0,.432-.121l3.45-2.12a.956.956,0,0,0,.315-1.259.874.874,0,0,0-.322-.341l-3.451-2.086A.813.813,0,0,0,3316.01-15104.8Z"
                    transform="translate(-3269 15293.001)"
                  />
                </g>
              </svg>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>2.查阅阅读手册,写一写如厕前的精神准备主要包括哪些内容。</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text9"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text9')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <h3 id="c013">
            <span class="bk-h3"
              ><span class="bj1-h3">二</span>  婴幼儿如厕 </span
            >
          </h3>
          <p><br /></p>
          <div class="tips-bk">
            <div class="bj-tip">
              视频:给宝宝换尿布
              <div @click="activityOne">
                <svg
                  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
                  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
                  width="20.863"
                  height="20.817"
                  viewBox="0 0 19.863 13.817"
                >
                  <g transform="translate(-40.961 -184.321)">
                    <path
                      class="a"
                      d="M4.647,1.4a1,1,0,0,1,1.707,0L10.07,7.479A1,1,0,0,1,9.217,9H1.783A1,1,0,0,1,.93,7.479Z"
                      transform="translate(51.824 196.82) rotate(-90)"
                    />
                    <path
                      class="b"
                      d="M3322.914-15094.863h-10.363a2.593,2.593,0,0,1-2.59-2.59v-8.638a2.593,2.593,0,0,1,2.59-2.59h10.363a2.6,2.6,0,0,1,2.594,2.59v1.729c.013.027,0,3.6,0,5.141v1.769A2.6,2.6,0,0,1,3322.914-15094.863Zm-6.9-9.933a.862.862,0,0,0-.755.468.947.947,0,0,0-.114.455v4.2a.9.9,0,0,0,.868.922.848.848,0,0,0,.432-.121l3.45-2.12a.956.956,0,0,0,.315-1.259.874.874,0,0,0-.322-.341l-3.451-2.086A.813.813,0,0,0,3316.01-15104.8Z"
                      transform="translate(-3269 15293.001)"
                    />
                  </g>
                </svg>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div
              class="tips-file"
              v-if="chapter004.isOpenOne && chapter004.videOneUrl"
            >
              <video
                webkit-playsinline="true"
                x-webkit-airplay="true"
                playsinline="true"
                x5-video-orientation="h5"
                x5-video-player-fullscreen="true"
                x5-playsinline=""
                controls
                class="video-border w100"
                :src="chapter004.videOneUrl"
              ></video>
            </div>
          </div>
          <div
            class="tips-file"
            v-if="chapter004.isOpenOne && chapter004.videOneUrl"
          >
            <video
              webkit-playsinline="true"
              x-webkit-airplay="true"
              playsinline="true"
              x5-video-orientation="h5"
              x5-video-player-fullscreen="true"
              x5-playsinline=""
              controls
              class="video-border w100"
              :src="chapter004.videOneUrl"
            ></video>
          </div>
        </div>
        <p><br /></p>
        <!-- <div class="bk-sys">
          <p><br /></p>
          <!-- <div class="bk-sys">
          <div class="bj1-sys">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn1" alt="" src="../image/dy-sys.png" />
@@ -360,66 +373,68 @@
          </p>
          <p class="img">给宝宝换尿布</p>
        </div> -->
        <p>
          上厕所是成年人每天习以为常的事情,但对从小穿着纸尿裤的婴幼儿来说,必须在生理和认知能力渐渐成熟时,才能学会自主如厕。在婴幼儿没有学会如厕之前,保教人员需要及时给婴幼儿更换纸尿裤。针对15~18月龄的幼儿,保教人员应根据幼儿的发育能力,在适当的时候耐心引导,让幼儿学会自主如厕;他们掌握如厕技能后,还需要定时组织集体如厕活动。
        </p>
        <h4 id="d035">
          ▶▶ 活动1:更换纸尿裤<span class="fontsz1">>>>>>>>></span>
        </h4>
        <p><b>①活动准备</b></p>
        <p>
          1.物品准备:婴儿模型、湿巾、干净的纸尿裤、专用盆、专用毛巾、护臀霜、收纳盆。
        </p>
        <p>
          2.操作者准备:束起头发,剪短指甲,摘除手表及首饰,用七步洗手法洗净双手。
        </p>
        <p><b>②活动过程</b></p>
        <p>1.做好准备工作。</p>
        <p>
          将准备好的湿巾、干净的纸尿裤、专用盆、专用毛巾、护臀霜、收纳盆等物品放在伸手能够到的地方。
        </p>
        <p>2.换下脏的纸尿裤。</p>
        <p>
          第一步:把需要更换的纸尿裤的腰贴打开并折叠,以免与婴幼儿的皮肤接触。
        </p>
        <p>
          第二步:用一只手将婴幼儿的双足轻轻抬起,另一只手将纸尿裤由前向后取下,顺势用未污染的纸尿裤的边缘由前往后擦拭臀部,将排泄物裹在纸尿裤里面,干净的一面朝上,然后对折垫于婴幼儿臀部下面。
        </p>
        <p>
          第三步:用湿巾或者专用毛巾蘸温水从前往后地将臀部洗净、擦干。采取以下方式,使婴幼儿的臀部变得干燥:或自然晾干,或用温风吹干,或用一块干净的毛巾轻轻拍干。根据需要涂抹适量的护臀霜。
        </p>
          <p>
            上厕所是成年人每天习以为常的事情,但对从小穿着纸尿裤的婴幼儿来说,必须在生理和认知能力渐渐成熟时,才能学会自主如厕。在婴幼儿没有学会如厕之前,保教人员需要及时给婴幼儿更换纸尿裤。针对15~18月龄的幼儿,保教人员应根据幼儿的发育能力,在适当的时候耐心引导,让幼儿学会自主如厕;他们掌握如厕技能后,还需要定时组织集体如厕活动。
          </p>
          <h4 id="d035">
            ▶▶ 活动1:更换纸尿裤<span class="fontsz1">>>>>>>>></span>
          </h4>
          <p><b>①活动准备</b></p>
          <p>
            1.物品准备:婴儿模型、湿巾、干净的纸尿裤、专用盆、专用毛巾、护臀霜、收纳盆。
          </p>
          <p>
            2.操作者准备:束起头发,剪短指甲,摘除手表及首饰,用七步洗手法洗净双手。
          </p>
          <p><b>②活动过程</b></p>
          <p>1.做好准备工作。</p>
          <p>
            将准备好的湿巾、干净的纸尿裤、专用盆、专用毛巾、护臀霜、收纳盆等物品放在伸手能够到的地方。
          </p>
          <p>2.换下脏的纸尿裤。</p>
          <p>
            第一步:把需要更换的纸尿裤的腰贴打开并折叠,以免与婴幼儿的皮肤接触。
          </p>
          <p>
            第二步:用一只手将婴幼儿的双足轻轻抬起,另一只手将纸尿裤由前向后取下,顺势用未污染的纸尿裤的边缘由前往后擦拭臀部,将排泄物裹在纸尿裤里面,干净的一面朝上,然后对折垫于婴幼儿臀部下面。
          </p>
          <p>
            第三步:用湿巾或者专用毛巾蘸温水从前往后地将臀部洗净、擦干。采取以下方式,使婴幼儿的臀部变得干燥:或自然晾干,或用温风吹干,或用一块干净的毛巾轻轻拍干。根据需要涂抹适量的护臀霜。
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="60">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">第四单元·如厕活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">1-55</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(60) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">第四单元·如厕活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">1-55</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>第四步:把包裹好的脏的纸尿裤拿走,放在一旁带盖的收纳盆中。</p>
        <p>3.更换新的纸尿裤。</p>
        <p>
          第一步:取出一片新的纸尿裤,把纸尿裤上下全部打开,将干净的纸尿裤放在婴幼儿的腰臀部;再将纸尿裤固定在脐下,注意粘条不能与婴幼儿的皮肤接触。
        </p>
        <p>第二步:调整纸尿裤的松紧程度,保留一指的余地,调整防侧漏带。</p>
        <p>第三步:给婴幼儿穿好衣服,把其放在一个安全的地方。</p>
        <p>4.整理。</p>
        <p>第一步:将换下的纸尿裤收纳好,彻底清洗双手。</p>
        <p>第二步:将其他用品清洁整理,摆放整齐。</p>
        <p><b>③实训练习</b></p>
        <p>
          2~4人为一组开展实训操作,其中一人操作,其他同学观摩,操作者一边实操一边讲解操作要领,其他同学按照更换纸尿裤的评分标准给操作者打分。
        </p>
        <!-- <div class="bk-sys">
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>第四步:把包裹好的脏的纸尿裤拿走,放在一旁带盖的收纳盆中。</p>
          <p>3.更换新的纸尿裤。</p>
          <p>
            第一步:取出一片新的纸尿裤,把纸尿裤上下全部打开,将干净的纸尿裤放在婴幼儿的腰臀部;再将纸尿裤固定在脐下,注意粘条不能与婴幼儿的皮肤接触。
          </p>
          <p>第二步:调整纸尿裤的松紧程度,保留一指的余地,调整防侧漏带。</p>
          <p>第三步:给婴幼儿穿好衣服,把其放在一个安全的地方。</p>
          <p>4.整理。</p>
          <p>第一步:将换下的纸尿裤收纳好,彻底清洗双手。</p>
          <p>第二步:将其他用品清洁整理,摆放整齐。</p>
          <p><b>③实训练习</b></p>
          <p>
            2~4人为一组开展实训操作,其中一人操作,其他同学观摩,操作者一边实操一边讲解操作要领,其他同学按照更换纸尿裤的评分标准给操作者打分。
          </p>
          <!-- <div class="bk-sys">
          <div class="bj1-sys">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn1" alt="" src="../image/dy-sys.png" />
@@ -430,397 +445,405 @@
          </p>
          <p class="img">更换纸尿裤的评分标准</p>
        </div> -->
        <div class="tips-bk">
          <div class="bj-tip">
            更换纸尿裤的评分标准
            <div @click="activityGroup">
              <svg
                xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
                width="19.28"
                height="20.563"
                viewBox="0 0 19.28 20.563"
              >
                <g transform="translate(-109.056 -82.941)">
                  <path
                    class="a"
                    d="M3439.656-15185.7h-12.643a1.815,1.815,0,0,1-1.816-1.81v-16.944a1.83,1.83,0,0,1,1.816-1.809h15.674a1.8,1.8,0,0,1,1.79,1.809v13.93h-4.217a.6.6,0,0,0-.6.6v4.217h0Zm-9.819-2.764a.5.5,0,0,0-.5.5.5.5,0,0,0,.5.5h4a.5.5,0,0,0,.5-.5.5.5,0,0,0-.5-.5Zm0-2a.5.5,0,0,0-.5.5.5.5,0,0,0,.5.5h4a.5.5,0,0,0,.5-.5.5.5,0,0,0-.5-.5Zm1.393-8.525a2.416,2.416,0,0,0-2.416,2.411,2.421,2.421,0,0,0,2.416,2.42h.111a1.8,1.8,0,0,0,1.1,1.1,1.809,1.809,0,0,0,.6.107,1.808,1.808,0,0,0,1.7-1.206h4.072l-.172.172a.635.635,0,0,0-.179.454.569.569,0,0,0,.179.4.637.637,0,0,0,.435.176.6.6,0,0,0,.424-.176l1.2-1.214a.618.618,0,0,0,0-.858l-1.2-1.187a.619.619,0,0,0-.431-.176.6.6,0,0,0-.427.176.615.615,0,0,0,0,.854l.172.176h-4.072a1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.1-1.1,1.755,1.755,0,0,0-.6-.1,1.808,1.808,0,0,0-1.7,1.206h-.111a.554.554,0,0,1-.145-.016,1.2,1.2,0,0,1-.84-.4,1.217,1.217,0,0,1-.3-.878,1.2,1.2,0,0,1,1.206-1.137.407.407,0,0,1,.069,0h3.729a1.807,1.807,0,0,0,1.118,1.114,1.816,1.816,0,0,0,.576.091,1.789,1.789,0,0,0,1.7-1.205h.309a2.415,2.415,0,0,0,1.679-.775,2.407,2.407,0,0,0,.637-1.729,2.411,2.411,0,0,0-2.419-2.324h-6.213a1.821,1.821,0,0,0-1.107-1.1,1.8,1.8,0,0,0-.6-.1,1.814,1.814,0,0,0-1.706,1.2,1.8,1.8,0,0,0,.077,1.389,1.787,1.787,0,0,0,1.026.92,1.841,1.841,0,0,0,.6.1,1.807,1.807,0,0,0,1.706-1.2h6.266a1.179,1.179,0,0,1,.836.4,1.22,1.22,0,0,1,.305.874,1.213,1.213,0,0,1-1.214,1.146h-.172a1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.118-1.118,1.711,1.711,0,0,0-.576-.1,1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.706,1.214Z"
                    transform="translate(-3316.14 15289.201)"
                  />
                  <path
                    class="a"
                    d="M316.806,239.727a.6.6,0,1,0,.6-.6A.6.6,0,0,0,316.806,239.727Zm-5.421-4.207a.6.6,0,1,0,.6.6A.587.587,0,0,0,311.385,235.52Zm2.4,8.438a.607.607,0,1,0-.6-.613A.621.621,0,0,0,313.789,243.958Z"
                    transform="translate(-196.896 -148.921)"
                  />
                  <path
                    class="a"
                    d="M763.392,793.79l3.262-3.262h-3.262Z"
                    transform="translate(-638.661 -690.634)"
                  />
                </g>
              </svg>
          <div class="tips-bk">
            <div class="bj-tip">
              更换纸尿裤的评分标准
              <div @click="activityGroup">
                <svg
                  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
                  width="19.28"
                  height="20.563"
                  viewBox="0 0 19.28 20.563"
                >
                  <g transform="translate(-109.056 -82.941)">
                    <path
                      class="a"
                      d="M3439.656-15185.7h-12.643a1.815,1.815,0,0,1-1.816-1.81v-16.944a1.83,1.83,0,0,1,1.816-1.809h15.674a1.8,1.8,0,0,1,1.79,1.809v13.93h-4.217a.6.6,0,0,0-.6.6v4.217h0Zm-9.819-2.764a.5.5,0,0,0-.5.5.5.5,0,0,0,.5.5h4a.5.5,0,0,0,.5-.5.5.5,0,0,0-.5-.5Zm0-2a.5.5,0,0,0-.5.5.5.5,0,0,0,.5.5h4a.5.5,0,0,0,.5-.5.5.5,0,0,0-.5-.5Zm1.393-8.525a2.416,2.416,0,0,0-2.416,2.411,2.421,2.421,0,0,0,2.416,2.42h.111a1.8,1.8,0,0,0,1.1,1.1,1.809,1.809,0,0,0,.6.107,1.808,1.808,0,0,0,1.7-1.206h4.072l-.172.172a.635.635,0,0,0-.179.454.569.569,0,0,0,.179.4.637.637,0,0,0,.435.176.6.6,0,0,0,.424-.176l1.2-1.214a.618.618,0,0,0,0-.858l-1.2-1.187a.619.619,0,0,0-.431-.176.6.6,0,0,0-.427.176.615.615,0,0,0,0,.854l.172.176h-4.072a1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.1-1.1,1.755,1.755,0,0,0-.6-.1,1.808,1.808,0,0,0-1.7,1.206h-.111a.554.554,0,0,1-.145-.016,1.2,1.2,0,0,1-.84-.4,1.217,1.217,0,0,1-.3-.878,1.2,1.2,0,0,1,1.206-1.137.407.407,0,0,1,.069,0h3.729a1.807,1.807,0,0,0,1.118,1.114,1.816,1.816,0,0,0,.576.091,1.789,1.789,0,0,0,1.7-1.205h.309a2.415,2.415,0,0,0,1.679-.775,2.407,2.407,0,0,0,.637-1.729,2.411,2.411,0,0,0-2.419-2.324h-6.213a1.821,1.821,0,0,0-1.107-1.1,1.8,1.8,0,0,0-.6-.1,1.814,1.814,0,0,0-1.706,1.2,1.8,1.8,0,0,0,.077,1.389,1.787,1.787,0,0,0,1.026.92,1.841,1.841,0,0,0,.6.1,1.807,1.807,0,0,0,1.706-1.2h6.266a1.179,1.179,0,0,1,.836.4,1.22,1.22,0,0,1,.305.874,1.213,1.213,0,0,1-1.214,1.146h-.172a1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.118-1.118,1.711,1.711,0,0,0-.576-.1,1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.706,1.214Z"
                      transform="translate(-3316.14 15289.201)"
                    />
                    <path
                      class="a"
                      d="M316.806,239.727a.6.6,0,1,0,.6-.6A.6.6,0,0,0,316.806,239.727Zm-5.421-4.207a.6.6,0,1,0,.6.6A.587.587,0,0,0,311.385,235.52Zm2.4,8.438a.607.607,0,1,0-.6-.613A.621.621,0,0,0,313.789,243.958Z"
                      transform="translate(-196.896 -148.921)"
                    />
                    <path
                      class="a"
                      d="M763.392,793.79l3.262-3.262h-3.262Z"
                      transform="translate(-638.661 -690.634)"
                    />
                  </g>
                </svg>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div v-if="chapter004.isGroupOpen" class="tips-file">
              <table class="table111 table122">
                <thead>
                  <tr>
                    <th
                      :style="{
                        width:
                          index == 1 || index == chapter004.groupData.length - 1
                            ? '100px'
                            : '',
                      }"
                      v-for="(header, index) in chapter004.publicHeader"
                      :key="index"
                    >
                      {{ header }}
                    </th>
                  </tr>
                </thead>
                <tbody>
                  <tr
                    v-for="(row, rowIndex) in chapter004.groupData"
                    :key="rowIndex"
                  >
                    <td v-for="(cell, cellIndex) in row" :key="cellIndex">
                      <template v-if="cell === ''">
                        <input
                          type="text"
                          v-model="chapter004.groupData[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                          @blur="
                            updateCellGroup(
                              rowIndex,
                              cellIndex,
                              $event.target.value
                            )
                          "
                        />
                      </template>
                      <template v-else-if="cellIndex == 4">
                        <input
                          type="text"
                          v-model="chapter004.groupData[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                          @blur="
                            updateCellGroup(
                              rowIndex,
                              cellIndex,
                              $event.target.value
                            )
                          "
                        />
                      </template>
                      <template v-else>
                        {{ cell }}
                      </template>
                    </td>
                  </tr>
                </tbody>
              </table>
            </div>
          </div>
          <div v-if="chapter004.isGroupOpen" class="tips-file">
            <table class="table111 table122">
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th
                    :style="{
                      width:
                        index == 1 || index == chapter004.groupData.length - 1
                          ? '100px'
                          : '',
                    }"
                    v-for="(header, index) in chapter004.publicHeader"
                    :key="index"
                  >
                    {{ header }}
                  </th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr
                  v-for="(row, rowIndex) in chapter004.groupData"
                  :key="rowIndex"
                >
                  <td v-for="(cell, cellIndex) in row" :key="cellIndex">
                    <template v-if="cell === ''">
                      <input
                        type="text"
                        v-model="chapter004.groupData[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                        @blur="
                          updateCellGroup(
                            rowIndex,
                            cellIndex,
                            $event.target.value
                          )
                        "
                      />
                    </template>
                    <template v-else-if="cellIndex == 4">
                      <input
                        type="text"
                        v-model="chapter004.groupData[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                        @blur="
                          updateCellGroup(
                            rowIndex,
                            cellIndex,
                            $event.target.value
                          )
                        "
                      />
                    </template>
                    <template v-else>
                      {{ cell }}
                    </template>
                  </td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
          <p><br /></p>
          <p><b>④总结与反思</b></p>
          <p>1.操作中容易失误扣分的方面有哪些?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text10"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text10')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
        </div>
        <p><br /></p>
        <p><b>④总结与反思</b></p>
        <p>1.操作中容易失误扣分的方面有哪些?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text10"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text10')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>2.具体的调整措施是什么?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text11"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text11')"
          ></textarea>
          <p>2.具体的调整措施是什么?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text11"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text11')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="61">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">1-56</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(61) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">1-56</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h4 id="d036">
          ▶▶ 活动2:说出婴幼儿如厕训练的时机<span class="fontsz1"
            >>>>>>>>></span
          >
        </h4>
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述1 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            早上起床后,妈妈会把1岁半的雅乐放在便盆上。雅乐会坐在便盆上玩玩具、咿呀地唱歌,甚至玩手指头,但就是不会拉粑粑,每次无论多久都不行。然而,雅乐只要穿上裤子就拉了,妈妈很是头疼,到底怎样训练比较合适呢?
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h4 id="d036">
            ▶▶ 活动2:说出婴幼儿如厕训练的时机<span class="fontsz1"
              >>>>>>>>></span
            >
          </h4>
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述1 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              早上起床后,妈妈会把1岁半的雅乐放在便盆上。雅乐会坐在便盆上玩玩具、咿呀地唱歌,甚至玩手指头,但就是不会拉粑粑,每次无论多久都不行。然而,雅乐只要穿上裤子就拉了,妈妈很是头疼,到底怎样训练比较合适呢?
            </p>
          </div>
          <p>
            你认为从什么时候开始训练雅乐如厕比较合适呢?是不是越早越好呢?为什么?
          </p>
        </div>
        <p>
          你认为从什么时候开始训练雅乐如厕比较合适呢?是不是越早越好呢?为什么?
        </p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text12"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text12')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述2 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            托育园的小刘老师给宝宝做如厕训练的成功率特别高,被园所的同事称作“如厕训练小能手”。交流经验的时候,她说:“做好如厕训练先要学会仔细观察宝宝,要看准时机训练,掌握时机是如厕训练成功的基础。”
          </p>
        </div>
        <p>小刘老师的说法对吗?请查阅阅读手册罗列出婴幼儿如厕训练的时机。</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text13"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text13')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <h4 id="d037">
          ▶▶ 活动3:指导婴幼儿自主如厕<span class="fontsz1"
            >>>>>>>>></span
          >
        </h4>
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述1 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            宝宝满3岁了,都可以背着小书包去托育园上学了,但宝宝还没学会自主如厕,整天穿着纸尿裤。宝宝的妈妈说:“我能有什么办法呢?做了如厕训练,但宝宝死活学不会。一把他带到厕所就抗拒,根本就不坐准备好的小马桶,只能一直穿着纸尿裤,训练了半年都没学会如厕,不知道是我太笨了还是孩子太笨了……”
          </p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text12"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text12')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述2 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              托育园的小刘老师给宝宝做如厕训练的成功率特别高,被园所的同事称作“如厕训练小能手”。交流经验的时候,她说:“做好如厕训练先要学会仔细观察宝宝,要看准时机训练,掌握时机是如厕训练成功的基础。”
            </p>
          </div>
          <p>小刘老师的说法对吗?请查阅阅读手册罗列出婴幼儿如厕训练的时机。</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text13"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text13')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <h4 id="d037">
            ▶▶ 活动3:指导婴幼儿自主如厕<span class="fontsz1"
              >>>>>>>>></span
            >
          </h4>
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述1 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              宝宝满3岁了,都可以背着小书包去托育园上学了,但宝宝还没学会自主如厕,整天穿着纸尿裤。宝宝的妈妈说:“我能有什么办法呢?做了如厕训练,但宝宝死活学不会。一把他带到厕所就抗拒,根本就不坐准备好的小马桶,只能一直穿着纸尿裤,训练了半年都没学会如厕,不知道是我太笨了还是孩子太笨了……”
            </p>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="62">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">第四单元·如厕活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">1-57</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(62) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">第四单元·如厕活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">1-57</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>如果宝宝分到你的班里,请分小组讨论以下问题。</p>
        <p>1.在对宝宝开始如厕训练前应该做好哪些评估或准备?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text14"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text14')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>2.在对宝宝进行如厕训练的过程中应该做好哪些指导或解释?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text15"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text15')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>3.在宝宝如厕结束后应该做好哪些指导或解释?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text16"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text16')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述2 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            托育园托小班的小朵有几次早上入园的时候一直哭着说不想去托育园。王老师在跟家长交谈后,了解到原来是因为小朵最近总是尿湿裤子,经常换裤子,这让她感觉到非常自卑。王老师通过观察发现小朵的性格较腼腆、敏感,小朵小便前脱裤子、蹲下的姿势也不标准。
          </p>
        </div>
        <p>1.针对小朵的情况,如果你是王老师,你的做法是什么?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text17"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text17')"
          ></textarea>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>如果宝宝分到你的班里,请分小组讨论以下问题。</p>
          <p>1.在对宝宝开始如厕训练前应该做好哪些评估或准备?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text14"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text14')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>2.在对宝宝进行如厕训练的过程中应该做好哪些指导或解释?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text15"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text15')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>3.在宝宝如厕结束后应该做好哪些指导或解释?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text16"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text16')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述2 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              托育园托小班的小朵有几次早上入园的时候一直哭着说不想去托育园。王老师在跟家长交谈后,了解到原来是因为小朵最近总是尿湿裤子,经常换裤子,这让她感觉到非常自卑。王老师通过观察发现小朵的性格较腼腆、敏感,小朵小便前脱裤子、蹲下的姿势也不标准。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p>1.针对小朵的情况,如果你是王老师,你的做法是什么?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text17"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text17')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="63">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">1-58</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(63) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">1-58</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>2.在指导婴幼儿如厕的过程中需要注意哪些事项?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text18"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text18')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <h4 id="d038">
          ▶▶ 活动4:组织婴幼儿集体如厕<span class="fontsz1"
            >>>>>>>>></span
          >
        </h4>
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述1 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            小张是托育园的新老师,在组织托大班的小朋友集体如厕时,小张老师觉得小朋友年龄比较小,不太会脱裤子,就好心地帮助每一个小朋友把裤子脱到膝盖以下,让他们排队上厕所。然而,“脱裤子排队上厕所”这一情景刚好被来访的家长看到了。家长质疑:“宝贝们是一个个光着小屁屁排队等着的啊!这天气越来越冷了,会不会感冒啊?这还有走光的问题呢!”
          </p>
        </div>
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述2 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            托大班的小朋友集体小便时,因为排队的小朋友较多,红红快憋不住了,轮到她时,她着急地把裤子脱到一半就跨向便槽,结果小脚踩在了便槽里,接着就摔倒了,自这次经历后,红红都不敢自己上厕所了。
          </p>
        </div>
        <p>结合以上情境并查阅阅读手册,以小组为单位讨论并回答以下问题。</p>
        <p>1.婴幼儿集体如厕时的照护要点有哪些(至少写出3点)?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text19"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text19')"
          ></textarea>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>2.在指导婴幼儿如厕的过程中需要注意哪些事项?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text18"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text18')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <h4 id="d038">
            ▶▶ 活动4:组织婴幼儿集体如厕<span class="fontsz1"
              >>>>>>>>></span
            >
          </h4>
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述1 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              小张是托育园的新老师,在组织托大班的小朋友集体如厕时,小张老师觉得小朋友年龄比较小,不太会脱裤子,就好心地帮助每一个小朋友把裤子脱到膝盖以下,让他们排队上厕所。然而,“脱裤子排队上厕所”这一情景刚好被来访的家长看到了。家长质疑:“宝贝们是一个个光着小屁屁排队等着的啊!这天气越来越冷了,会不会感冒啊?这还有走光的问题呢!”
            </p>
          </div>
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述2 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              托大班的小朋友集体小便时,因为排队的小朋友较多,红红快憋不住了,轮到她时,她着急地把裤子脱到一半就跨向便槽,结果小脚踩在了便槽里,接着就摔倒了,自这次经历后,红红都不敢自己上厕所了。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p>结合以上情境并查阅阅读手册,以小组为单位讨论并回答以下问题。</p>
          <p>1.婴幼儿集体如厕时的照护要点有哪些(至少写出3点)?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text19"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text19')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="64">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">第四单元·如厕活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">1-59</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(64) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">第四单元·如厕活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">1-59</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>2.请画出指导婴幼儿集体如厕过程的流程图。</p>
          <div class="drawContent_wall">
            <drawflow
              @getDrawData="drawflowDataOne"
              :strId="'drawflowIdOne'"
              :primaryColor="'#f49a4c'"
              :importData="chapter004.drawDataOne"
            />
          </div>
          <p>3.婴幼儿集体如厕过程中易出现什么突发事件?应对策略有哪些?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text20"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text20')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>4.婴幼儿集体如厕时容易出现什么问题?该如何排除安全隐患?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text21"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text21')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <h4 id="d039">
            ▶▶ 活动5:矫正婴幼儿不良的如厕习惯<span class="fontsz1"
              >>>>>>>>></span
            >
          </h4>
          <div class="tips-bk">
            <div class="bj-tip">
              视频:幼儿不良如厕习惯
              <div @click="activityTwo">
                <svg
                  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
                  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
                  width="20.863"
                  height="20.817"
                  viewBox="0 0 19.863 13.817"
                >
                  <g transform="translate(-40.961 -184.321)">
                    <path
                      class="a"
                      d="M4.647,1.4a1,1,0,0,1,1.707,0L10.07,7.479A1,1,0,0,1,9.217,9H1.783A1,1,0,0,1,.93,7.479Z"
                      transform="translate(51.824 196.82) rotate(-90)"
                    />
                    <path
                      class="b"
                      d="M3322.914-15094.863h-10.363a2.593,2.593,0,0,1-2.59-2.59v-8.638a2.593,2.593,0,0,1,2.59-2.59h10.363a2.6,2.6,0,0,1,2.594,2.59v1.729c.013.027,0,3.6,0,5.141v1.769A2.6,2.6,0,0,1,3322.914-15094.863Zm-6.9-9.933a.862.862,0,0,0-.755.468.947.947,0,0,0-.114.455v4.2a.9.9,0,0,0,.868.922.848.848,0,0,0,.432-.121l3.45-2.12a.956.956,0,0,0,.315-1.259.874.874,0,0,0-.322-.341l-3.451-2.086A.813.813,0,0,0,3316.01-15104.8Z"
                      transform="translate(-3269 15293.001)"
                    />
                  </g>
                </svg>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div
              class="tips-file"
              v-if="chapter004.isOpenTwo && chapter004.videoTwoUrl"
            >
              <video
                webkit-playsinline="true"
                x-webkit-airplay="true"
                playsinline="true"
                x5-video-orientation="h5"
                x5-video-player-fullscreen="true"
                x5-playsinline=""
                controls
                class="video-border w100"
                :src="chapter004.videoTwoUrl"
              ></video>
            </div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>2.请画出指导婴幼儿集体如厕过程的流程图。</p>
        <div class="drawContent_wall">
          <drawflow
            @getDrawData="drawflowDataOne"
            :strId="'drawflowIdOne'"
            :primaryColor="'#f49a4c'"
            :importData="chapter004.drawDataOne"
          />
        </div>
        <p>3.婴幼儿集体如厕过程中易出现什么突发事件?应对策略有哪些?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text20"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text20')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>4.婴幼儿集体如厕时容易出现什么问题?该如何排除安全隐患?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text21"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text21')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <h4 id="d039">
          ▶▶ 活动5:矫正婴幼儿不良的如厕习惯<span class="fontsz1"
            >>>>>>>>></span
          >
        </h4>
        <div class="tips-bk">
          <div class="bj-tip">
            视频:幼儿不良如厕习惯
            <div @click="activityTwo">
              <svg
                xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
                xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
                width="20.863"
                height="20.817"
                viewBox="0 0 19.863 13.817"
              >
                <g transform="translate(-40.961 -184.321)">
                  <path
                    class="a"
                    d="M4.647,1.4a1,1,0,0,1,1.707,0L10.07,7.479A1,1,0,0,1,9.217,9H1.783A1,1,0,0,1,.93,7.479Z"
                    transform="translate(51.824 196.82) rotate(-90)"
                  />
                  <path
                    class="b"
                    d="M3322.914-15094.863h-10.363a2.593,2.593,0,0,1-2.59-2.59v-8.638a2.593,2.593,0,0,1,2.59-2.59h10.363a2.6,2.6,0,0,1,2.594,2.59v1.729c.013.027,0,3.6,0,5.141v1.769A2.6,2.6,0,0,1,3322.914-15094.863Zm-6.9-9.933a.862.862,0,0,0-.755.468.947.947,0,0,0-.114.455v4.2a.9.9,0,0,0,.868.922.848.848,0,0,0,.432-.121l3.45-2.12a.956.956,0,0,0,.315-1.259.874.874,0,0,0-.322-.341l-3.451-2.086A.813.813,0,0,0,3316.01-15104.8Z"
                    transform="translate(-3269 15293.001)"
                  />
                </g>
              </svg>
            </div>
          </div>
          <div
            class="tips-file"
            v-if="chapter004.isOpenTwo && chapter004.videoTwoUrl"
          >
            <video
              webkit-playsinline="true"
              x-webkit-airplay="true"
              playsinline="true"
              x5-video-orientation="h5"
              x5-video-player-fullscreen="true"
              x5-playsinline=""
              controls
              class="video-border w100"
              :src="chapter004.videoTwoUrl"
            ></video>
          </div>
        </div>
        <p><br /></p>
        <!-- <p><br /></p>
          <p><br /></p>
          <!-- <p><br /></p>
        <div class="bk-sys">
          <div class="bj1-sys">
            <p class="left">
@@ -832,166 +855,172 @@
          </p>
          <p class="img">幼儿不良如厕习惯</p>
        </div> -->
        <img class="img-gn2" alt="" src="../image/xxgcy.png" />
        <p>
          请观看视频,观察视频中的婴幼儿有哪些不良的如厕习惯。如果有,请指出问题并给出矫正不良的如厕习惯的建议。
        </p>
        <p>1.不良的如厕习惯有哪些?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text22"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text22')"
          ></textarea>
          <img class="img-gn2" alt="" src="../image/xxgcy.png" />
          <p>
            请观看视频,观察视频中的婴幼儿有哪些不良的如厕习惯。如果有,请指出问题并给出矫正不良的如厕习惯的建议。
          </p>
          <p>1.不良的如厕习惯有哪些?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text22"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text22')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="65">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">1-60</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(65) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">1-60</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>2.针对这些不良的如厕习惯,具体的调整的措施有哪些?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text23"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text23')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            户外活动前,孩子们要分组如厕、喝水。王老师提醒经常尿裤子的青云赶快去小便。青云摇摇头说:“我不要。”当孩子们来到大草地上和老师一起玩游戏时,只见青云两腿夹得紧紧的,一边跺脚一边告诉老师:“我要小便。”还没等老师开口,青云就把裤子尿湿了。经过与家长沟通,王老师发现青云在家也有憋尿的习惯,经常要憋到很急的时候才告诉爸爸妈妈,有时憋不住了就会尿裤子。
          </p>
        </div>
        <p>1.针对青云的这种情况,如果你是王老师,你的做法是什么?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text24"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text24')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>2.婴幼儿还有哪些不良的如厕行为呢?写出相应的指导对策。</p>
        <p>(1)简述你了解的第一种婴幼儿的不良的如厕行为及指导对策。</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text25"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text25')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>(2)简述你了解的第二种婴幼儿的不良的如厕行为及指导对策。</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text26"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text26')"
          ></textarea>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>2.针对这些不良的如厕习惯,具体的调整的措施有哪些?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text23"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text23')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              户外活动前,孩子们要分组如厕、喝水。王老师提醒经常尿裤子的青云赶快去小便。青云摇摇头说:“我不要。”当孩子们来到大草地上和老师一起玩游戏时,只见青云两腿夹得紧紧的,一边跺脚一边告诉老师:“我要小便。”还没等老师开口,青云就把裤子尿湿了。经过与家长沟通,王老师发现青云在家也有憋尿的习惯,经常要憋到很急的时候才告诉爸爸妈妈,有时憋不住了就会尿裤子。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p>1.针对青云的这种情况,如果你是王老师,你的做法是什么?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text24"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text24')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>2.婴幼儿还有哪些不良的如厕行为呢?写出相应的指导对策。</p>
          <p>(1)简述你了解的第一种婴幼儿的不良的如厕行为及指导对策。</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text25"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text25')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>(2)简述你了解的第二种婴幼儿的不良的如厕行为及指导对策。</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text26"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text26')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="66">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">第四单元·如厕活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">1-61</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(66) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">第四单元·如厕活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">1-61</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>(3)简述你了解的第三种婴幼儿的不良的如厕行为及指导对策。</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text27"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text27')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <h3 id="c014">
          <span class="bk-h3"
            ><span class="bj1-h3">三</span>  如厕后的整理 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <p>
          如厕后的整理也是照护工作的重要内容,不仅是培养婴幼儿自我照护技能的一个重要的环节,还是及时发现婴幼儿疾病的一个重要的途径,同时,及时清洁消毒也是保障婴幼儿安全健康的基础。
        </p>
        <h4 id="d040">
          ▶▶ 活动1:识别异常便并留样<span class="fontsz1"
            >>>>>>>>></span
          >
        </h4>
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述1 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            王女士的儿子2岁半了。她每次为孩子换尿不湿后就直接扔掉,忽视了他的尿液问题。直到最近,王女士发现儿子上厕所的次数越来越频繁,尿液变黄且有味道,才觉得事情有点不对劲。带孩子在小区遛弯时,王女士和另外两位家长谈了这件事,他们一致认为孩子是“上火了”,只要多喝水就会好起来的。听了他们的话,王女士也觉得自己有点大惊小怪,也就没将此事放在心上。但是第二天孩子的情况没有好转,王女士这才想起带孩子去医院检查。检查后医生的回答让她大吃一惊。医生郑重地对王女士说:“这不是上火,而是病毒性肝炎!”
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>(3)简述你了解的第三种婴幼儿的不良的如厕行为及指导对策。</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text27"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text27')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <h3 id="c014">
            <span class="bk-h3"
              ><span class="bj1-h3">三</span>  如厕后的整理 </span
            >
          </h3>
          <p>
            如厕后的整理也是照护工作的重要内容,不仅是培养婴幼儿自我照护技能的一个重要的环节,还是及时发现婴幼儿疾病的一个重要的途径,同时,及时清洁消毒也是保障婴幼儿安全健康的基础。
          </p>
        </div>
        <p>1.你还知道哪些婴幼儿小便异常的表现?请简要写出。</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text28"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text28')"
          ></textarea>
          <h4 id="d040">
            ▶▶ 活动1:识别异常便并留样<span class="fontsz1"
              >>>>>>>>></span
            >
          </h4>
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述1 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              王女士的儿子2岁半了。她每次为孩子换尿不湿后就直接扔掉,忽视了他的尿液问题。直到最近,王女士发现儿子上厕所的次数越来越频繁,尿液变黄且有味道,才觉得事情有点不对劲。带孩子在小区遛弯时,王女士和另外两位家长谈了这件事,他们一致认为孩子是“上火了”,只要多喝水就会好起来的。听了他们的话,王女士也觉得自己有点大惊小怪,也就没将此事放在心上。但是第二天孩子的情况没有好转,王女士这才想起带孩子去医院检查。检查后医生的回答让她大吃一惊。医生郑重地对王女士说:“这不是上火,而是病毒性肝炎!”
            </p>
          </div>
          <p>1.你还知道哪些婴幼儿小便异常的表现?请简要写出。</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text28"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text28')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="67">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">1-62</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(67) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">1-62</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>2.在托育园里,对疑似有问题的小便应如何留样?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text29"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text29')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <!-- <p><br /></p>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>2.在托育园里,对疑似有问题的小便应如何留样?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text29"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text29')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <!-- <p><br /></p>
        <div class="bk-sys">
          <div class="bj1-sys">
            <p class="left">
@@ -1003,171 +1032,177 @@
          </p>
          <p class="img">如厕</p>
        </div> -->
        <div class="tips-bk">
          <div class="bj-tip">
            视频:如厕
            <div @click="activityFour">
              <svg
                xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
                xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
                width="20.863"
                height="20.817"
                viewBox="0 0 19.863 13.817"
              >
                <g transform="translate(-40.961 -184.321)">
                  <path
                    class="a"
                    d="M4.647,1.4a1,1,0,0,1,1.707,0L10.07,7.479A1,1,0,0,1,9.217,9H1.783A1,1,0,0,1,.93,7.479Z"
                    transform="translate(51.824 196.82) rotate(-90)"
                  />
                  <path
                    class="b"
                    d="M3322.914-15094.863h-10.363a2.593,2.593,0,0,1-2.59-2.59v-8.638a2.593,2.593,0,0,1,2.59-2.59h10.363a2.6,2.6,0,0,1,2.594,2.59v1.729c.013.027,0,3.6,0,5.141v1.769A2.6,2.6,0,0,1,3322.914-15094.863Zm-6.9-9.933a.862.862,0,0,0-.755.468.947.947,0,0,0-.114.455v4.2a.9.9,0,0,0,.868.922.848.848,0,0,0,.432-.121l3.45-2.12a.956.956,0,0,0,.315-1.259.874.874,0,0,0-.322-.341l-3.451-2.086A.813.813,0,0,0,3316.01-15104.8Z"
                    transform="translate(-3269 15293.001)"
                  />
                </g>
              </svg>
          <div class="tips-bk">
            <div class="bj-tip">
              视频:如厕
              <div @click="activityFour">
                <svg
                  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
                  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
                  width="20.863"
                  height="20.817"
                  viewBox="0 0 19.863 13.817"
                >
                  <g transform="translate(-40.961 -184.321)">
                    <path
                      class="a"
                      d="M4.647,1.4a1,1,0,0,1,1.707,0L10.07,7.479A1,1,0,0,1,9.217,9H1.783A1,1,0,0,1,.93,7.479Z"
                      transform="translate(51.824 196.82) rotate(-90)"
                    />
                    <path
                      class="b"
                      d="M3322.914-15094.863h-10.363a2.593,2.593,0,0,1-2.59-2.59v-8.638a2.593,2.593,0,0,1,2.59-2.59h10.363a2.6,2.6,0,0,1,2.594,2.59v1.729c.013.027,0,3.6,0,5.141v1.769A2.6,2.6,0,0,1,3322.914-15094.863Zm-6.9-9.933a.862.862,0,0,0-.755.468.947.947,0,0,0-.114.455v4.2a.9.9,0,0,0,.868.922.848.848,0,0,0,.432-.121l3.45-2.12a.956.956,0,0,0,.315-1.259.874.874,0,0,0-.322-.341l-3.451-2.086A.813.813,0,0,0,3316.01-15104.8Z"
                      transform="translate(-3269 15293.001)"
                    />
                  </g>
                </svg>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div
              class="tips-file"
              v-if="chapter004.isOpenFour && chapter004.videoFourUrl"
            >
              <video
                webkit-playsinline="true"
                x-webkit-airplay="true"
                playsinline="true"
                x5-video-orientation="h5"
                x5-video-player-fullscreen="true"
                x5-playsinline=""
                controls
                class="video-border w100"
                :src="chapter004.videoFourUrl"
              ></video>
            </div>
          </div>
          <div
            class="tips-file"
            v-if="chapter004.isOpenFour && chapter004.videoFourUrl"
          >
            <video
              webkit-playsinline="true"
              x-webkit-airplay="true"
              playsinline="true"
              x5-video-orientation="h5"
              x5-video-player-fullscreen="true"
              x5-playsinline=""
              controls
              class="video-border w100"
              :src="chapter004.videoFourUrl"
            ></video>
          <p><br /></p>
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述2 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              2岁半的成成,平时喜欢吃荤菜和水果,蔬菜摄入较少,最近三四天才排一次便。今天,他的大便中带着鲜血,为成成擦拭肛门时,手纸上可见血迹。
            </p>
          </div>
        </div>
        <p><br /></p>
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述2 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            2岁半的成成,平时喜欢吃荤菜和水果,蔬菜摄入较少,最近三四天才排一次便。今天,他的大便中带着鲜血,为成成擦拭肛门时,手纸上可见血迹。
          </p>
        </div>
        <p>1.成成可能出现了什么问题?应如何进行正确引导?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text30"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text30')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>2.查阅阅读手册,归纳婴幼儿大便异常的表现。</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text31"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text31')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>3.在托育园里,对疑似有问题的大便应如何留样?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text32"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text32')"
          ></textarea>
          <p>1.成成可能出现了什么问题?应如何进行正确引导?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text30"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text30')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>2.查阅阅读手册,归纳婴幼儿大便异常的表现。</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text31"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text31')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>3.在托育园里,对疑似有问题的大便应如何留样?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text32"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text32')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="68">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">第四单元·如厕活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">1-63</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(68) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">第四单元·如厕活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">1-63</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h4 id="d041">
          ▶▶ 活动2:便后清洁与消毒<span class="fontsz1">>>>>>>>></span>
        </h4>
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述1 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            托育园的敏敏正在便后擦屁股,只见他把屁股翘得高高的,手里拿着一大沓手纸,拉完后就拿起一张纸(较大的完整的手纸)擦起了屁股,一擦,手纸中间被擦破了一个洞,他马上一扔,再拿一张纸来擦,然后又有一个洞,再扔……拉一次大便,手纸用了一大堆,屁股擦得并不干净,且手也弄脏了。
          </p>
        </div>
        <p>1.针对敏敏的这种情况,如果你是保育老师,你的做法是什么?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text33"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text33')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>2.请画出指导婴幼儿便后清洁的流程图。</p>
        <div class="drawContent_wall">
          <drawflow
            @getDrawData="drawflowDataTwo"
            :strId="'drawflowIdTwo'"
            :primaryColor="'#f49a4c'"
            :importData="chapter004.drawDataTwo"
          />
        </div>
        <p><br /></p>
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述2 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            某托育园的家长反映,包括她的小孩在内的30多名婴幼儿于11月19日午后出现呕吐、腹泻的现象,部分病情相对较重的婴幼儿被送往医院就诊,他们怀疑是食物中毒。记者于11月21日下午从市药监局获悉,11月19日,该园的婴幼儿在吃过午餐后,从下午3点开始,陆续感到肚子不适,被送到附近医院接受治疗。截至20日晚上8点,所有婴幼儿的病情好转并已离开医院回家。市疾控中心进行了流行病学调查,确定为诺如病毒感染事件,排除了食物中毒的可能。
          </p>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h4 id="d041">
            ▶▶ 活动2:便后清洁与消毒<span class="fontsz1"
              >>>>>>>>></span
            >
          </h4>
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述1 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              托育园的敏敏正在便后擦屁股,只见他把屁股翘得高高的,手里拿着一大沓手纸,拉完后就拿起一张纸(较大的完整的手纸)擦起了屁股,一擦,手纸中间被擦破了一个洞,他马上一扔,再拿一张纸来擦,然后又有一个洞,再扔……拉一次大便,手纸用了一大堆,屁股擦得并不干净,且手也弄脏了。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p>1.针对敏敏的这种情况,如果你是保育老师,你的做法是什么?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text33"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text33')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>2.请画出指导婴幼儿便后清洁的流程图。</p>
          <div class="drawContent_wall">
            <drawflow
              @getDrawData="drawflowDataTwo"
              :strId="'drawflowIdTwo'"
              :primaryColor="'#f49a4c'"
              :importData="chapter004.drawDataTwo"
            />
          </div>
          <p><br /></p>
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述2 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              某托育园的家长反映,包括她的小孩在内的30多名婴幼儿于11月19日午后出现呕吐、腹泻的现象,部分病情相对较重的婴幼儿被送往医院就诊,他们怀疑是食物中毒。记者于11月21日下午从市药监局获悉,11月19日,该园的婴幼儿在吃过午餐后,从下午3点开始,陆续感到肚子不适,被送到附近医院接受治疗。截至20日晚上8点,所有婴幼儿的病情好转并已离开医院回家。市疾控中心进行了流行病学调查,确定为诺如病毒感染事件,排除了食物中毒的可能。
            </p>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="69">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">1-64</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(69) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">1-64</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>
          针对以上这种情况,如果你是保育老师,当你第一次发现有婴幼儿出现腹泻时,你会如何开展如厕环境的预防性消毒?
        </p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text34"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text34')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <h4 id="d042">
          ▶▶ 应用与实践<span class="fontsz1">>>>>>>>></span>
        </h4>
        <p><br /></p>
        <!-- <p><br /></p>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>
            针对以上这种情况,如果你是保育老师,当你第一次发现有婴幼儿出现腹泻时,你会如何开展如厕环境的预防性消毒?
          </p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter004.textAreaItem.text34"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text34')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <h4 id="d042">
            ▶▶ 应用与实践<span class="fontsz1">>>>>>>>></span>
          </h4>
          <p><br /></p>
          <!-- <p><br /></p>
        <div class="bk-sys">
          <div class="bj1-sys">
            <p class="left">
@@ -1178,143 +1213,146 @@
            <img class="img-g" alt="" src="../image/0080-1.jpg" />
          </p>
        </div> -->
        <p><b>单选题</b></p>
        <p>
          1.对于培养婴幼儿大小便的习惯表述不正确的选项是( <input
            v-model="chapter004.radio.text1"
            @blur="onRadioText()"
          /> )。
        </p>
        <p class="block">A.2岁后要穿整裆裤</p>
        <p class="block">B.婴幼儿可以随地大小便</p>
        <p class="block">C.成人要有耐心</p>
        <p class="block">D.婴幼儿会走后白天不要用尿布</p>
        <p>
          2.对于训练婴幼儿使用便盆表述不正确的选项是( <input
            v-model="chapter004.radio.text2"
            @blur="onRadioText()"
          /> )。
        </p>
        <p class="block">A.注意观察婴幼儿大小便的信号,及时做出反应</p>
        <p class="block">
          B.婴幼儿学会用动作或语言表示要大小便时应及时给予鼓励和表扬
        </p>
        <p class="block">C.使用便盆时可喂食或玩玩具</p>
        <p class="block">D.外出时不要让婴幼儿随地大小便</p>
        <p>
          3.对尿布疹的护理不正确的是( <input
            v-model="chapter004.radio.text3"
            @blur="onRadioText()"
          /> )。
        </p>
        <p class="block">A.注意婴幼儿臀部的清洁,保持婴幼儿臀部的干燥</p>
        <p class="block">B.选择浅色全棉尿布,二便后及时更换尿布</p>
        <p class="block">C.清洗尿布后,要在阳光下晒干后方可给婴幼儿用</p>
        <p class="block">D.选择适宜的化纤材质的尿布</p>
        <p>
          4.避免婴幼儿便秘采取的措施不正确的是( <input
            v-model="chapter004.radio.text4"
            @blur="onRadioText()"
          /> )。
        </p>
        <p class="block">A.增加饮水量并每天适当进行腹部按摩</p>
        <p class="block">B.减少食量并每日进行腹部按摩</p>
        <p class="block">C.增加饮水量,减少食量</p>
        <p class="block">D.多吃高热量的食物</p>
        <p>
          5.培养婴幼儿的二便卫生习惯要循序渐进,而且要( <input
            v-model="chapter004.radio.text5"
            @blur="onRadioText()"
          /> )。
        </p>
        <p class="block">A.强迫婴幼儿按要求去做</p>
        <p class="block">B.及时给予鼓励和表扬</p>
        <p class="block">C.用食物逗引婴幼儿</p>
        <p class="block">D.提早训练</p>
          <p><b>单选题</b></p>
          <p>
            1.对于培养婴幼儿大小便的习惯表述不正确的选项是( <input
              v-model="chapter004.radio.text1"
              @blur="onRadioText()"
            /> )。
          </p>
          <p class="block">A.2岁后要穿整裆裤</p>
          <p class="block">B.婴幼儿可以随地大小便</p>
          <p class="block">C.成人要有耐心</p>
          <p class="block">D.婴幼儿会走后白天不要用尿布</p>
          <p>
            2.对于训练婴幼儿使用便盆表述不正确的选项是( <input
              v-model="chapter004.radio.text2"
              @blur="onRadioText()"
            /> )。
          </p>
          <p class="block">A.注意观察婴幼儿大小便的信号,及时做出反应</p>
          <p class="block">
            B.婴幼儿学会用动作或语言表示要大小便时应及时给予鼓励和表扬
          </p>
          <p class="block">C.使用便盆时可喂食或玩玩具</p>
          <p class="block">D.外出时不要让婴幼儿随地大小便</p>
          <p>
            3.对尿布疹的护理不正确的是( <input
              v-model="chapter004.radio.text3"
              @blur="onRadioText()"
            /> )。
          </p>
          <p class="block">A.注意婴幼儿臀部的清洁,保持婴幼儿臀部的干燥</p>
          <p class="block">B.选择浅色全棉尿布,二便后及时更换尿布</p>
          <p class="block">C.清洗尿布后,要在阳光下晒干后方可给婴幼儿用</p>
          <p class="block">D.选择适宜的化纤材质的尿布</p>
          <p>
            4.避免婴幼儿便秘采取的措施不正确的是( <input
              v-model="chapter004.radio.text4"
              @blur="onRadioText()"
            /> )。
          </p>
          <p class="block">A.增加饮水量并每天适当进行腹部按摩</p>
          <p class="block">B.减少食量并每日进行腹部按摩</p>
          <p class="block">C.增加饮水量,减少食量</p>
          <p class="block">D.多吃高热量的食物</p>
          <p>
            5.培养婴幼儿的二便卫生习惯要循序渐进,而且要( <input
              v-model="chapter004.radio.text5"
              @blur="onRadioText()"
            /> )。
          </p>
          <p class="block">A.强迫婴幼儿按要求去做</p>
          <p class="block">B.及时给予鼓励和表扬</p>
          <p class="block">C.用食物逗引婴幼儿</p>
          <p class="block">D.提早训练</p>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="70">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">第四单元·如厕活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">1-65</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(70) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">第四单元·如厕活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">1-65</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>
          6.培养婴幼儿有规律地大小便,可以在大脑建立起一系列的( <input
            v-model="chapter004.radio.text6"
            @blur="onRadioText()"
          /> ),从而提高机体的工作效率,以保证各器官更好地工作和休息。
        </p>
        <p class="block">A.神经反射</p>
        <p class="block">B.吞咽反射</p>
        <p class="block">C.吸吮反射</p>
        <p class="block">D.条件反射</p>
        <p>
          7.培养良好的二便习惯和生活方式有利于( <input
            v-model="chapter004.radio.text7"
            @blur="onRadioText()"
          /> )。
        </p>
        <p class="block">A.提高婴幼儿动作的灵活性</p>
        <p class="block">B.提高婴幼儿的社会交往能力</p>
        <p class="block">C.提高婴幼儿机体的工作效率</p>
        <p class="block">D.促进婴幼儿的智力发展</p>
        <p>
          8.培养婴幼儿的二便习惯要( <input
            v-model="chapter004.radio.text8"
            @blur="onRadioText()"
          /> )。
        </p>
        <p class="block">A.抓准间隔时间提前提醒</p>
        <p class="block">B.提早训练</p>
        <p class="block">C.以家长的威严制服婴儿</p>
        <p class="block">D.用食物逗引婴儿</p>
        <p>
          9.婴幼儿二便后不正确的清洁方法是( <input
            v-model="chapter004.radio.text9"
            @blur="onRadioText()"
          /> )。
        </p>
        <p class="block">A.便后洗手</p>
        <p class="block">B.用温水洗屁股</p>
        <p class="block">C.便后便盆清洗消毒</p>
        <p class="block">D.女婴大便后一定要从后向前擦</p>
        <div class="tips-bk">
          <div class="bj-tip">
            云测试:单元四应用与实践
            <div @click="activityThree">
              <svg
                xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
                xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
                width="20.115"
                height="19.988"
                viewBox="0 0 20.115 19.988"
              >
                <path
                  class="a"
                  d="M3356.437-15192.012a.568.568,0,0,1-.236-.052.566.566,0,0,1-.271-.744l1.134-2.429h-5.505a.558.558,0,0,1-.557-.558.559.559,0,0,1,.557-.561h19a.559.559,0,0,1,.557.561.558.558,0,0,1-.557.558h-5.505l1.13,2.429a.552.552,0,0,1,.019.427.55.55,0,0,1-.29.313.547.547,0,0,1-.238.055.557.557,0,0,1-.5-.322l-1.355-2.9h-5.52l-1.352,2.9A.563.563,0,0,1,3356.437-15192.012Zm12.442-5.462h-15.645a2.236,2.236,0,0,1-2.233-2.233v-10.06a2.236,2.236,0,0,1,2.233-2.233h15.645a2.238,2.238,0,0,1,2.237,2.233v10.06A2.238,2.238,0,0,1,3368.88-15197.474Zm-4.842-11.732a1.112,1.112,0,0,0-.748.287l-4.986,4.486a1.143,1.143,0,0,0-.309.473l-1.577,2.727a.57.57,0,0,0,.034.61.552.552,0,0,0,.447.229.448.448,0,0,0,.126-.016.55.55,0,0,0,.13-.03l2.871-1.233a1.153,1.153,0,0,0,.523-.268l4.982-4.485a1.121,1.121,0,0,0,.084-1.581l-.748-.828A1.113,1.113,0,0,0,3364.038-15209.206Z"
                  transform="translate(-3351.001 15212)"
                />
              </svg>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>
            6.培养婴幼儿有规律地大小便,可以在大脑建立起一系列的( <input
              v-model="chapter004.radio.text6"
              @blur="onRadioText()"
            /> ),从而提高机体的工作效率,以保证各器官更好地工作和休息。
          </p>
          <p class="block">A.神经反射</p>
          <p class="block">B.吞咽反射</p>
          <p class="block">C.吸吮反射</p>
          <p class="block">D.条件反射</p>
          <p>
            7.培养良好的二便习惯和生活方式有利于( <input
              v-model="chapter004.radio.text7"
              @blur="onRadioText()"
            /> )。
          </p>
          <p class="block">A.提高婴幼儿动作的灵活性</p>
          <p class="block">B.提高婴幼儿的社会交往能力</p>
          <p class="block">C.提高婴幼儿机体的工作效率</p>
          <p class="block">D.促进婴幼儿的智力发展</p>
          <p>
            8.培养婴幼儿的二便习惯要( <input
              v-model="chapter004.radio.text8"
              @blur="onRadioText()"
            /> )。
          </p>
          <p class="block">A.抓准间隔时间提前提醒</p>
          <p class="block">B.提早训练</p>
          <p class="block">C.以家长的威严制服婴儿</p>
          <p class="block">D.用食物逗引婴儿</p>
          <p>
            9.婴幼儿二便后不正确的清洁方法是( <input
              v-model="chapter004.radio.text9"
              @blur="onRadioText()"
            /> )。
          </p>
          <p class="block">A.便后洗手</p>
          <p class="block">B.用温水洗屁股</p>
          <p class="block">C.便后便盆清洗消毒</p>
          <p class="block">D.女婴大便后一定要从后向前擦</p>
          <div class="tips-bk">
            <div class="bj-tip">
              云测试:单元四应用与实践
              <div @click="activityThree">
                <svg
                  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
                  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
                  width="20.115"
                  height="19.988"
                  viewBox="0 0 20.115 19.988"
                >
                  <path
                    class="a"
                    d="M3356.437-15192.012a.568.568,0,0,1-.236-.052.566.566,0,0,1-.271-.744l1.134-2.429h-5.505a.558.558,0,0,1-.557-.558.559.559,0,0,1,.557-.561h19a.559.559,0,0,1,.557.561.558.558,0,0,1-.557.558h-5.505l1.13,2.429a.552.552,0,0,1,.019.427.55.55,0,0,1-.29.313.547.547,0,0,1-.238.055.557.557,0,0,1-.5-.322l-1.355-2.9h-5.52l-1.352,2.9A.563.563,0,0,1,3356.437-15192.012Zm12.442-5.462h-15.645a2.236,2.236,0,0,1-2.233-2.233v-10.06a2.236,2.236,0,0,1,2.233-2.233h15.645a2.238,2.238,0,0,1,2.237,2.233v10.06A2.238,2.238,0,0,1,3368.88-15197.474Zm-4.842-11.732a1.112,1.112,0,0,0-.748.287l-4.986,4.486a1.143,1.143,0,0,0-.309.473l-1.577,2.727a.57.57,0,0,0,.034.61.552.552,0,0,0,.447.229.448.448,0,0,0,.126-.016.55.55,0,0,0,.13-.03l2.871-1.233a1.153,1.153,0,0,0,.523-.268l4.982-4.485a1.121,1.121,0,0,0,.084-1.581l-.748-.828A1.113,1.113,0,0,0,3364.038-15209.206Z"
                    transform="translate(-3351.001 15212)"
                  />
                </svg>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
          <div
            v-if="chapter004.idOpenThree && chapter004.qustionData[65]"
            class="tips-file"
          >
            <examinations
              :primaryColor="'#f49a4c'"
              :cardList="chapter004.qustionData[65]"
            />
            <div
              v-if="chapter004.idOpenThree && questionData"
              class="tips-file"
            >
              <examinations
                :primaryColor="'#f49a4c'"
                :cardList="questionData[70]"
              />
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
@@ -1323,13 +1361,19 @@
</template>
<script>
import getResourcePath from "@/assets/methods/resources.js";
import getQuestionData from "@/assets/methods/examination.js";
import testData from "../js/examinationList.js";
import examinations from "@/components/examinations/index.vue";
import drawflow from "@/components/drawflow";
export default {
  // eslint-disable-next-line vue/multi-word-component-names
  name: "chapter004",
  props: {
    showPageList: {
      type: Array,
    },
    questionData: {
      type: Object,
    },
  },
  components: {
    examinations,
    drawflow,
@@ -1426,11 +1470,6 @@
      "https://jsek.bnuic.com/file/api/ApiDownload?md5=7eb7fe2e3c13885a96143110ca4f5654";
    this.chapter004.videoFourUrl =
      "https://jsek.bnuic.com/file/api/ApiDownload?md5=1b04691b60e5b5b207b3a4967c495d29";
    this.chapter004.qustionData = await getQuestionData(
      "4",
      testData[4],
      this.config.activeBook
    );
  },
  methods: {
    activityOne() {
src/books/lifeCare/view/chapter005.vue
Diff too large
src/books/lifeCare/view/chapter006.vue
@@ -1,795 +1,822 @@
<template>
  <div class="chapter" num="7">
    <div class="page-box" page="100">
      <div class="bodystyle topImg">
        <h2 id="b006"><img class="img-0" alt="" src="../image/dy6.jpg" /></h2>
        <div class="bk">
          <div class="bj1">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/dy-xxmb.jpg" />
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(100) > -1">
        <div class="bodystyle topImg">
          <h2 id="b006"><img class="img-0" alt="" src="../image/dy6.jpg" /></h2>
          <div class="bk">
            <div class="bj1">
              <p class="left">
                <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/dy-xxmb.jpg" />
              </p>
            </div>
            <p class="block">通过本单元的学习,同学们应当实现如下学习目标。</p>
            <p class="block">
              1.陈述不同年龄段的婴幼儿的饮水需求,为婴幼儿提供安全的饮用水。
            </p>
            <p class="block">2.为不同年龄阶段的婴幼儿选择合适的饮水器具。</p>
            <p class="block">3.采取多种方法指导婴幼儿自主饮水。</p>
            <p class="block">
              4.组织婴幼儿集体饮水,能叙述婴幼儿集体饮水的常规要求和指导要点。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              5.通过家园合作、个别照护与教育指导,培养婴幼儿良好的饮水习惯。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              6.协助和指导婴幼儿饮水,培养婴幼儿节约用水的好习惯。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p class="block">通过本单元的学习,同学们应当实现如下学习目标。</p>
          <p class="block">
            1.陈述不同年龄段的婴幼儿的饮水需求,为婴幼儿提供安全的饮用水。
          </p>
          <p class="block">2.为不同年龄阶段的婴幼儿选择合适的饮水器具。</p>
          <p class="block">3.采取多种方法指导婴幼儿自主饮水。</p>
          <p class="block">
            4.组织婴幼儿集体饮水,能叙述婴幼儿集体饮水的常规要求和指导要点。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            5.通过家园合作、个别照护与教育指导,培养婴幼儿良好的饮水习惯。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            6.协助和指导婴幼儿饮水,培养婴幼儿节约用水的好习惯。
          </p>
        </div>
        <div class="bk">
          <div class="bj1">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/dy-xxjy.jpg" />
          <div class="bk">
            <div class="bj1">
              <p class="left">
                <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/dy-xxjy.jpg" />
              </p>
            </div>
            <p class="block">
              为了取得更好的学习效果,建议同学们在学习这部分内容时做到以下几点。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              1.通过走访母婴用品店,了解不同类型的婴幼儿饮水器具和适用年龄。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              2.观察生活中0~3岁婴幼儿的饮水行为,了解婴幼儿的饮水特点。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              3.可借助实训的机会,或利用假期、周末,开展婴幼儿饮水照护实践,强化自身的饮水照护技能,培养自身热爱婴幼儿的职业情感。
            </p>
            <p class="block">建议学时:3学时。</p>
          </div>
          <p class="block">
            为了取得更好的学习效果,建议同学们在学习这部分内容时做到以下几点。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            1.通过走访母婴用品店,了解不同类型的婴幼儿饮水器具和适用年龄。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            2.观察生活中0~3岁婴幼儿的饮水行为,了解婴幼儿的饮水特点。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            3.可借助实训的机会,或利用假期、周末,开展婴幼儿饮水照护实践,强化自身的饮水照护技能,培养自身热爱婴幼儿的职业情感。
          </p>
          <p class="block">建议学时:3学时。</p>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="101">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">1-96</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(101) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">1-96</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <div class="bk">
          <div class="bj1">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/dy-xxdh.jpg" />
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <div class="bk">
            <div class="bj1">
              <p class="left">
                <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/dy-xxdh.jpg" />
              </p>
            </div>
            <p class="center">
              <el-image
                class="chapter002-img-0035"
                :src="picOneUrl"
                :preview-src-list="picArr"
              />
              <!-- <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../image/0112-1.jpg" /> -->
            </p>
          </div>
          <p class="center">
            <el-image
              class="chapter002-img-0035"
              :src="picOneUrl"
              :preview-src-list="picArr"
            />
            <!-- <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../image/0112-1.jpg" /> -->
          </p>
        </div>
        <div class="bk">
          <div class="bj1">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/dy-qjgs.jpg" />
          <div class="bk">
            <div class="bj1">
              <p class="left">
                <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/dy-qjgs.jpg" />
              </p>
            </div>
            <p class="block">
              托育园内,许多宝宝都出汗了。活动过后,保育员给宝宝们的小水壶加水时,发现亮亮的水壶沉甸甸的,心里想,没有喝掉吗?我看到他来喝了好几次水呀……第二天,保育员照例给小水壶加水,拿起亮亮的水壶时发现里面还是满满的。于是在接下来的几次饮水活动中,保育员观察到,亮亮每次都是喝几小口水,而且表情很不开心。如果督促他说:“亮亮多喝点,喝水对身体好。”他就会噘着小嘴说:“水好难喝啊,一点儿味道都没有。我想喝果汁,我想喝饮料。”
            </p>
          </div>
          <p class="block">
            托育园内,许多宝宝都出汗了。活动过后,保育员给宝宝们的小水壶加水时,发现亮亮的水壶沉甸甸的,心里想,没有喝掉吗?我看到他来喝了好几次水呀……第二天,保育员照例给小水壶加水,拿起亮亮的水壶时发现里面还是满满的。于是在接下来的几次饮水活动中,保育员观察到,亮亮每次都是喝几小口水,而且表情很不开心。如果督促他说:“亮亮多喝点,喝水对身体好。”他就会噘着小嘴说:“水好难喝啊,一点儿味道都没有。我想喝果汁,我想喝饮料。”
          <h3 id="c021">
            <span class="bk-h3"
              ><span class="bj1-h3">一</span>  饮水前的准备 </span
            >
          </h3>
          <p>
            人是一个含水的生命体。年龄越小,体内的水分所占的比例就越高。新生儿体内的水分占体重的80%,婴儿体内的水分占体重的70%,幼儿体内的水分占体重的65%,成年人体内的水分占体重的60%。年龄越小,对水的相对需求量就越大。水分摄入不足或水分流失过多,可引起体内失水,亦称脱水。现今,有些婴幼儿非常喜欢喝糖水、蜂蜜水、饮料,尤其是乳制品饮料。一些家长也觉得乳制品饮料营养丰富,又富含水分,加上孩子又喜欢喝,所以就用饮料来代替白开水。这是错误做法。
          </p>
        </div>
        <h3 id="c021">
          <span class="bk-h3"
            ><span class="bj1-h3">一</span>  饮水前的准备 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <p>
          人是一个含水的生命体。年龄越小,体内的水分所占的比例就越高。新生儿体内的水分占体重的80%,婴儿体内的水分占体重的70%,幼儿体内的水分占体重的65%,成年人体内的水分占体重的60%。年龄越小,对水的相对需求量就越大。水分摄入不足或水分流失过多,可引起体内失水,亦称脱水。现今,有些婴幼儿非常喜欢喝糖水、蜂蜜水、饮料,尤其是乳制品饮料。一些家长也觉得乳制品饮料营养丰富,又富含水分,加上孩子又喜欢喝,所以就用饮料来代替白开水。这是错误做法。
        </p>
        <p>
          不同年龄段的婴幼儿的饮水需求有何不同呢?饮料对婴幼儿的健康发展有危害吗?大家一起来探讨学习吧。
        </p>
        <h4 id="d062">
          ▶▶ 活动1:解释水与婴幼儿健康的关系<span class="fontsz1"
            >>>>>>>>></span
          >
        </h4>
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述1 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            炎炎夏日到了,2岁的萌萌吃坏了肚子,开始是轻微腹泻,慢慢地,腹泻次数越来越多,还出现了呕吐、高热等症状。萌萌的精神状态特别差,嘴唇变得异常干燥,双眼无神,眼窝塌陷。医生说这是典型的脱水症状。如果不及时医治,会逐渐伤害到肾脏和中枢神经系统。
          <p>
            不同年龄段的婴幼儿的饮水需求有何不同呢?饮料对婴幼儿的健康发展有危害吗?大家一起来探讨学习吧。
          </p>
          <h4 id="d062">
            ▶▶ 活动1:解释水与婴幼儿健康的关系<span class="fontsz1"
              >>>>>>>>></span
            >
          </h4>
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述1 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              炎炎夏日到了,2岁的萌萌吃坏了肚子,开始是轻微腹泻,慢慢地,腹泻次数越来越多,还出现了呕吐、高热等症状。萌萌的精神状态特别差,嘴唇变得异常干燥,双眼无神,眼窝塌陷。医生说这是典型的脱水症状。如果不及时医治,会逐渐伤害到肾脏和中枢神经系统。
            </p>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="102">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">第六单元·饮水活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">1-97</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(102) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">第六单元·饮水活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">1-97</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述2 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            有些妈妈给婴幼儿准备的饮食中蛋白质含量丰富,营养搭配合理,味道鲜美。可慢慢地,有些宝宝开始缺乏食欲;用手轻轻一划皮肤,皮肤会出现一条白痕;还容易出现舔嘴唇的现象。医生说,这是宝宝身体缺水的典型症状。
          </p>
        </div>
        <p>根据以上情境,请小组讨论水与婴幼儿的健康有什么关系。</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text1"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text1')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <h4 id="d063">
          ▶▶ 活动2:说出不同年龄段的婴幼儿的饮水需求<span class="fontsz1"
            >>>>>>>>></span
          >
        </h4>
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述1 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            有的孩子在出生之后由于某些原因,是喝配方奶的。那像这类喝配方奶的孩子是否需要适当补充水呢?有的人认为喝母乳的孩子不需要喝水,配方奶和母乳的作用类似,里面含有大量的水分,所以喝配方奶的孩子也不需要额外再补充水分了。
          </p>
        </div>
        <p>1.你认为这样的看法对吗?请写明理由。</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text2"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text2')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>2.你知道6个月大的宝宝的饮水量是多少吗?应该给家长怎样的建议?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text3"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text3')"
          ></textarea>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述2 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              有些妈妈给婴幼儿准备的饮食中蛋白质含量丰富,营养搭配合理,味道鲜美。可慢慢地,有些宝宝开始缺乏食欲;用手轻轻一划皮肤,皮肤会出现一条白痕;还容易出现舔嘴唇的现象。医生说,这是宝宝身体缺水的典型症状。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p>根据以上情境,请小组讨论水与婴幼儿的健康有什么关系。</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text1"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text1')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <h4 id="d063">
            ▶▶ 活动2:说出不同年龄段的婴幼儿的饮水需求<span class="fontsz1"
              >>>>>>>>></span
            >
          </h4>
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述1 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              有的孩子在出生之后由于某些原因,是喝配方奶的。那像这类喝配方奶的孩子是否需要适当补充水呢?有的人认为喝母乳的孩子不需要喝水,配方奶和母乳的作用类似,里面含有大量的水分,所以喝配方奶的孩子也不需要额外再补充水分了。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p>1.你认为这样的看法对吗?请写明理由。</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text2"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text2')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>2.你知道6个月大的宝宝的饮水量是多少吗?应该给家长怎样的建议?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text3"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text3')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="103">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">1-98</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(103) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">1-98</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>3.学习阅读手册,填写表1-6-1并回答问题。</p>
        <p class="img">表1-6-1 各年龄段婴幼儿一日饮水量统计表</p>
        <!-- <p class="center">
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>3.学习阅读手册,填写表1-6-1并回答问题。</p>
          <p class="img">表1-6-1 各年龄段婴幼儿一日饮水量统计表</p>
          <!-- <p class="center">
          <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0114-1.jpg" />
        </p> -->
        <div>
          <table class="table111 table122">
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th
                  :style="{
                    width:
                      index == chapter006.headersData.length - 1 ? '200px' : '',
                  }"
                  v-for="(header, index) in chapter006.headersData"
                  :key="index"
          <div>
            <table class="table111 table122">
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th
                    :style="{
                      width:
                        index == chapter006.headersData.length - 1
                          ? '200px'
                          : '',
                    }"
                    v-for="(header, index) in chapter006.headersData"
                    :key="index"
                  >
                    {{ header }}
                  </th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr
                  v-for="(row, rowIndex) in chapter006.tableData161"
                  :key="rowIndex"
                >
                  {{ header }}
                </th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr
                v-for="(row, rowIndex) in chapter006.tableData161"
                :key="rowIndex"
              >
                <td v-for="(cell, cellIndex) in row" :key="cellIndex">
                  <template v-if="cell === ''">
                    <input
                      type="text"
                      v-model="chapter006.tableData161[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                      @blur="
                        updateCell(rowIndex, cellIndex, $event.target.value)
                      "
                    />
                  </template>
                  <template v-else>
                    <input
                      :readonly="cellIndex == 0"
                      type="text"
                      :value="chapter006.tableData161[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                      @blur="
                        updateCell(rowIndex, cellIndex, $event.target.value)
                      "
                    />
                  </template>
                </td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
        </div>
        <p>水是喝得越多越好吗?你知道什么是水中毒吗?请解释。</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text4"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text4')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述2 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            有些婴幼儿非常喜欢饮料,尤其是乳制品饮料,家长也觉得乳制品饮料营养丰富,所以就用饮料来代替白开水。3岁的女孩童童就喜欢喝饮料,喝了一段时间后,她的家人就发现她的胸部开始发育了。带去医院检查后,童童被确诊为饮料引起的性早熟。
          </p>
        </div>
        <p>饮料能代替白开水吗?为什么?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text5"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text5')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <h4 id="d064">
          ▶▶ 活动3:准备安全的饮用水<span class="fontsz1"
            >>>>>>>>></span
          >
        </h4>
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述1 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            水在人的生命中是不可或缺的,而婴幼儿身体内的含水量远高于成人,婴幼儿饮水也因此尤为重要。那么,给婴幼儿冲调奶粉、提供饮用水时用什么水合适呢?小宝的妈妈表示,纯净水、矿泉水中不含有任何有害物质,给小宝喝这样的水比较安全,而煮沸的水中有水垢,水垢对人体有害,所以坚决不能给孩子喝。
          </p>
                  <td v-for="(cell, cellIndex) in row" :key="cellIndex">
                    <template v-if="cell === ''">
                      <input
                        type="text"
                        v-model="chapter006.tableData161[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                        @blur="
                          updateCell(rowIndex, cellIndex, $event.target.value)
                        "
                      />
                    </template>
                    <template v-else>
                      <input
                        :readonly="cellIndex == 0"
                        type="text"
                        :value="chapter006.tableData161[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                        @blur="
                          updateCell(rowIndex, cellIndex, $event.target.value)
                        "
                      />
                    </template>
                  </td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
          </div>
          <p>水是喝得越多越好吗?你知道什么是水中毒吗?请解释。</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text4"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text4')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述2 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              有些婴幼儿非常喜欢饮料,尤其是乳制品饮料,家长也觉得乳制品饮料营养丰富,所以就用饮料来代替白开水。3岁的女孩童童就喜欢喝饮料,喝了一段时间后,她的家人就发现她的胸部开始发育了。带去医院检查后,童童被确诊为饮料引起的性早熟。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p>饮料能代替白开水吗?为什么?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text5"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text5')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <h4 id="d064">
            ▶▶ 活动3:准备安全的饮用水<span class="fontsz1"
              >>>>>>>>></span
            >
          </h4>
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述1 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              水在人的生命中是不可或缺的,而婴幼儿身体内的含水量远高于成人,婴幼儿饮水也因此尤为重要。那么,给婴幼儿冲调奶粉、提供饮用水时用什么水合适呢?小宝的妈妈表示,纯净水、矿泉水中不含有任何有害物质,给小宝喝这样的水比较安全,而煮沸的水中有水垢,水垢对人体有害,所以坚决不能给孩子喝。
            </p>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="104">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">第六单元·饮水活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">1-99</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(104) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">第六单元·饮水活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">1-99</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>你认为这样的说法对吗?请写明理由。</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text6"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text6')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述2 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            如今,母婴产品在市场上热销。某知名矿泉水品牌也悄然推出了婴儿专用水,广告特别强调了无菌概念,有助于呵护婴幼儿的代谢系统。很多宝妈被广告“打动”了,争相购买。
          </p>
        </div>
        <p>婴幼儿需要饮用专用的水吗?请写出想法和理由。</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text7"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text7')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述3 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            2003年,世界卫生组织在日内瓦召开了专题会议,并发表了《饮用水中营养矿物质对婴幼儿营养的影响》。文章指出,婴幼儿更容易受到高矿物质盐摄入的有害影响,适合婴幼儿的饮用水的钠的含量是小于等于20mg/L,硫酸盐的含量是小于等于200mg/L。可见,钠含量低的水更适合婴幼儿的成长需要。所以有些家长认为,对婴幼儿来说,最安全的水应该是纯净水,因为纯净水把所有的有毒、有害元素都给过滤掉了,它虽然过滤掉了矿物质,但是这些矿物质可以通过丰富的饮食结构来弥补。
          </p>
        </div>
        <p>请小组合作,讨论分析家长的这种想法是否正确并写出理由。</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text8"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text8')"
          ></textarea>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>你认为这样的说法对吗?请写明理由。</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text6"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text6')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述2 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              如今,母婴产品在市场上热销。某知名矿泉水品牌也悄然推出了婴儿专用水,广告特别强调了无菌概念,有助于呵护婴幼儿的代谢系统。很多宝妈被广告“打动”了,争相购买。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p>婴幼儿需要饮用专用的水吗?请写出想法和理由。</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text7"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text7')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述3 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              2003年,世界卫生组织在日内瓦召开了专题会议,并发表了《饮用水中营养矿物质对婴幼儿营养的影响》。文章指出,婴幼儿更容易受到高矿物质盐摄入的有害影响,适合婴幼儿的饮用水的钠的含量是小于等于20mg/L,硫酸盐的含量是小于等于200mg/L。可见,钠含量低的水更适合婴幼儿的成长需要。所以有些家长认为,对婴幼儿来说,最安全的水应该是纯净水,因为纯净水把所有的有毒、有害元素都给过滤掉了,它虽然过滤掉了矿物质,但是这些矿物质可以通过丰富的饮食结构来弥补。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p>请小组合作,讨论分析家长的这种想法是否正确并写出理由。</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text8"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text8')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="105">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">1-100</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(105) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">1-100</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述4 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            某托育园新来了一位保育老师。早操过后,主班王老师在组织婴幼儿集体饮水时发现,今天孩子们普遍喝水时间偏长,就来到饮水处看个究竟。她发现孩子们喝一小口就咂咂嘴,老师提示后,乐乐还皱着眉头,噘着小嘴,用手指指自己的小嘴巴。主班王老师用手摸了一下乐乐的小水杯,发现原来是水太热了。她随即告知保育老师水温过高,需要把保温桶里的水晾一晾再给孩子们喝。原来这位新来的保育老师虽然经过了一日流程的培训,但是实操层面的培训并未开展。保育老师按照流程晾了水,可水温并没有晾到位,这才导致这样的情况出现。
          </p>
        </div>
        <p>1.如果水温过高,会对婴幼儿造成什么伤害?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text9"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text9')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>2.给婴幼儿饮用的水的温度应控制在什么范围?请分小组讨论。</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text10"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text10')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <h4 id="d065">
          ▶▶ 活动4:准备婴幼儿的饮水器具<span class="fontsz1"
            >>>>>>>>></span
          >
        </h4>
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述1 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            思思2岁半了,在上小托班,可她最近很不开心,不愿意去托育园。妈妈问了好多遍,才发现她是因为不习惯用托育园的水杯喝水。在家里她都是习惯性地用吸管喝水,没有吸管就不愿意喝水,也不会喝水。妈妈和托育园的老师去沟通,希望在托育园里给思思用吸管喝水。可是老师给她讲了2岁半的幼儿还用吸管喝水的害处:会影响口腔肌肉的发展,不利于咀嚼功能的发展。思思的妈妈却不以为意,直说自己小时候都上小学了还在用吸管喝水。
          </p>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述4 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              某托育园新来了一位保育老师。早操过后,主班王老师在组织婴幼儿集体饮水时发现,今天孩子们普遍喝水时间偏长,就来到饮水处看个究竟。她发现孩子们喝一小口就咂咂嘴,老师提示后,乐乐还皱着眉头,噘着小嘴,用手指指自己的小嘴巴。主班王老师用手摸了一下乐乐的小水杯,发现原来是水太热了。她随即告知保育老师水温过高,需要把保温桶里的水晾一晾再给孩子们喝。原来这位新来的保育老师虽然经过了一日流程的培训,但是实操层面的培训并未开展。保育老师按照流程晾了水,可水温并没有晾到位,这才导致这样的情况出现。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p>1.如果水温过高,会对婴幼儿造成什么伤害?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text9"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text9')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>2.给婴幼儿饮用的水的温度应控制在什么范围?请分小组讨论。</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text10"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text10')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <h4 id="d065">
            ▶▶ 活动4:准备婴幼儿的饮水器具<span class="fontsz1"
              >>>>>>>>></span
            >
          </h4>
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述1 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              思思2岁半了,在上小托班,可她最近很不开心,不愿意去托育园。妈妈问了好多遍,才发现她是因为不习惯用托育园的水杯喝水。在家里她都是习惯性地用吸管喝水,没有吸管就不愿意喝水,也不会喝水。妈妈和托育园的老师去沟通,希望在托育园里给思思用吸管喝水。可是老师给她讲了2岁半的幼儿还用吸管喝水的害处:会影响口腔肌肉的发展,不利于咀嚼功能的发展。思思的妈妈却不以为意,直说自己小时候都上小学了还在用吸管喝水。
            </p>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="106">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">第六单元·饮水活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">1-101</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(106) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">第六单元·饮水活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">1-101</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述2 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            朵朵1岁零2个月了。妈妈为了训练她自主饮水的能力,舍弃了吸管杯,给她选了漂亮的双把手开口小水杯,希望她能够提前练习,尽早掌握自主饮水的技能。换了新水杯后,朵朵一开始还比较新奇,可在因几次用力过猛被水呛到鼻子、把水洒到衣服上之后,就再也不愿意用这个小水杯了。无论妈妈怎么劝说和吸引,都不管用,反而一提到喝水就开始哭,拒绝喝水。
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述2 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              朵朵1岁零2个月了。妈妈为了训练她自主饮水的能力,舍弃了吸管杯,给她选了漂亮的双把手开口小水杯,希望她能够提前练习,尽早掌握自主饮水的技能。换了新水杯后,朵朵一开始还比较新奇,可在因几次用力过猛被水呛到鼻子、把水洒到衣服上之后,就再也不愿意用这个小水杯了。无论妈妈怎么劝说和吸引,都不管用,反而一提到喝水就开始哭,拒绝喝水。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p>
            1.随着婴幼儿喝水技能的提升,饮水器具也要相应地更换。不同的器具能满足不同年龄段的婴幼儿不同的饮水需要。请分析以上情境,帮助思思和朵朵选择合适的饮水器具。
          </p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text11"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text11')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>
            2.学习阅读手册,讨论适合不同月龄的婴幼儿的饮水器具有哪些,特点是什么。
          </p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text12"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text12')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <h3 id="c022">
            <span class="bk-h3"
              ><span class="bj1-h3">二</span>  指导婴幼儿自主饮水 </span
            >
          </h3>
          <p>
            水在人体中起着不可替代的作用。婴幼儿若能够主动饮水,每天喝适量的水,则会对他们身体的正常发育和健康成长产生积极的影响。然而,0~3岁的婴幼儿年龄偏小,主动喝水的意识不强,因此,家长或保教人员需要指导婴幼儿每日饮用足量的水,指导婴幼儿知道喝水对身体健康的重要性,了解喝水的基本常识,让他们喜欢喝、主动地喝白开水;了解婴幼儿在自主饮水的过程中会出现哪些困难,如何有效解决,为婴幼儿学会主动饮水做好充足的准备;掌握有效的途径、方法和注意事项,最终帮助他们养成良好的饮水习惯。
          </p>
        </div>
        <p>
          1.随着婴幼儿喝水技能的提升,饮水器具也要相应地更换。不同的器具能满足不同年龄段的婴幼儿不同的饮水需要。请分析以上情境,帮助思思和朵朵选择合适的饮水器具。
        </p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text11"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text11')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>
          2.学习阅读手册,讨论适合不同月龄的婴幼儿的饮水器具有哪些,特点是什么。
        </p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text12"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text12')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <h3 id="c022">
          <span class="bk-h3"
            ><span class="bj1-h3">二</span>  指导婴幼儿自主饮水 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <p>
          水在人体中起着不可替代的作用。婴幼儿若能够主动饮水,每天喝适量的水,则会对他们身体的正常发育和健康成长产生积极的影响。然而,0~3岁的婴幼儿年龄偏小,主动喝水的意识不强,因此,家长或保教人员需要指导婴幼儿每日饮用足量的水,指导婴幼儿知道喝水对身体健康的重要性,了解喝水的基本常识,让他们喜欢喝、主动地喝白开水;了解婴幼儿在自主饮水的过程中会出现哪些困难,如何有效解决,为婴幼儿学会主动饮水做好充足的准备;掌握有效的途径、方法和注意事项,最终帮助他们养成良好的饮水习惯。
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="107">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">1-102</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(107) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">1-102</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h4 id="d066">
          ▶▶ 活动1:找出婴幼儿自主饮水的问题<span class="fontsz1"
            >>>>>>>>></span
          >
        </h4>
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述1 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            托育园给2岁以上的幼儿提供的都是开口杯。刚来到托育园的2岁半的果果不愿意喝水。通过观察,老师发现他在接水时,往往出现手忙脚乱的现象。有时候他边接水边和其他小朋友聊天,不一会儿水就接得特别满,都溢出来了;有时候他又拿不稳水杯,一不小心就将水杯掉在地上;有时候他会因不能将水杯对准水龙头而将水洒到地上,甚至会弄湿衣服或鞋子。
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h4 id="d066">
            ▶▶ 活动1:找出婴幼儿自主饮水的问题<span class="fontsz1"
              >>>>>>>>></span
            >
          </h4>
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述1 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              托育园给2岁以上的幼儿提供的都是开口杯。刚来到托育园的2岁半的果果不愿意喝水。通过观察,老师发现他在接水时,往往出现手忙脚乱的现象。有时候他边接水边和其他小朋友聊天,不一会儿水就接得特别满,都溢出来了;有时候他又拿不稳水杯,一不小心就将水杯掉在地上;有时候他会因不能将水杯对准水龙头而将水洒到地上,甚至会弄湿衣服或鞋子。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              老师同果果的妈妈交流后得知:果果在家很少喝水,只是在吃饭时喝点汤、稀饭,而且每次都是妈妈说该喝水了,把吸管杯拿到他面前他才喝,从来没有自己主动使用过开口杯。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p>请小组讨论,找出果果不主动喝水的原因。</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text13"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text13')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述2 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              新学期开始了,托育园又迎来了新一批家长。家长都很关心婴幼儿在托育园的饮水问题,生怕自己的孩子不适应或者生病。有的嘱咐老师:“老师,朵朵在家都是我们喂她喝水,她还不会主动喝,您多提醒她喝水。”有的家长带来了梨水、蜂蜜水、柠檬水等,希望老师给孩子喝,因为他们认为这些水对孩子的健康好,有营养,有润肺止咳的功效,而且自己的孩子喜欢喝。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p>
            面对这种情况,该如何做好家长工作,引导婴幼儿学会主动喝水,养成愿意喝白开水的良好习惯?
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            老师同果果的妈妈交流后得知:果果在家很少喝水,只是在吃饭时喝点汤、稀饭,而且每次都是妈妈说该喝水了,把吸管杯拿到他面前他才喝,从来没有自己主动使用过开口杯。
          </p>
        </div>
        <p>请小组讨论,找出果果不主动喝水的原因。</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text13"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text13')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述2 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            新学期开始了,托育园又迎来了新一批家长。家长都很关心婴幼儿在托育园的饮水问题,生怕自己的孩子不适应或者生病。有的嘱咐老师:“老师,朵朵在家都是我们喂她喝水,她还不会主动喝,您多提醒她喝水。”有的家长带来了梨水、蜂蜜水、柠檬水等,希望老师给孩子喝,因为他们认为这些水对孩子的健康好,有营养,有润肺止咳的功效,而且自己的孩子喜欢喝。
          </p>
        </div>
        <p>
          面对这种情况,该如何做好家长工作,引导婴幼儿学会主动喝水,养成愿意喝白开水的良好习惯?
        </p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text14"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text14')"
          ></textarea>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text14"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text14')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="108">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">第六单元·饮水活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">1-103</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(108) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">第六单元·饮水活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">1-103</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述3 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            新学期开始了,托育园迎来了30名婴幼儿。几天过去了,大多数婴幼儿逐渐适应了班级集体生活,在保教人员的悉心教育下逐步养成了健康的一日生活习惯。但是,不同班级都存在一个相同的问题:婴幼儿的喝水状况普遍不是很好。每天能够自觉主动喝水的婴幼儿很少,如果老师不予提醒,许多婴幼儿都不会主动喝水;有的婴幼儿需要老师将水倒好,端到他们面前,陪着他们喝水;有的婴幼儿接过水杯后,会趁老师一转身的工夫,悄悄地将杯子里的水倒掉;有的婴幼儿喝水很慢,含在嘴里不咽;个别婴幼儿干脆紧闭小嘴,一口水也不喝……
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述3 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              新学期开始了,托育园迎来了30名婴幼儿。几天过去了,大多数婴幼儿逐渐适应了班级集体生活,在保教人员的悉心教育下逐步养成了健康的一日生活习惯。但是,不同班级都存在一个相同的问题:婴幼儿的喝水状况普遍不是很好。每天能够自觉主动喝水的婴幼儿很少,如果老师不予提醒,许多婴幼儿都不会主动喝水;有的婴幼儿需要老师将水倒好,端到他们面前,陪着他们喝水;有的婴幼儿接过水杯后,会趁老师一转身的工夫,悄悄地将杯子里的水倒掉;有的婴幼儿喝水很慢,含在嘴里不咽;个别婴幼儿干脆紧闭小嘴,一口水也不喝……
            </p>
          </div>
          <p>小组合作,找一找出现上述情况的原因,分条说明。</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text15"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text15')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <h4 id="d067">
            ▶▶ 活动2:引导婴幼儿主动饮水<span class="fontsz1"
              >>>>>>>>></span
            >
          </h4>
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述1 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              在家里,好多妈妈都知道每天让宝宝多饮水,但是只有妈妈能掌握量,宝宝自己没有量的概念。有时候会把半杯说成一杯,有时候会多数或者漏数了。有的入托育园的宝宝会说:“我在托育园里都已经喝了好多好多水了,今天喝饱了。”
            </p>
          </div>
          <p>
            请帮家长想一个好的办法,帮助婴幼儿方便地量化自己的饮水量,同时也能及时了解婴幼儿的饮水量。
          </p>
        </div>
        <p>小组合作,找一找出现上述情况的原因,分条说明。</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text15"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text15')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <h4 id="d067">
          ▶▶ 活动2:引导婴幼儿主动饮水<span class="fontsz1"
            >>>>>>>>></span
          >
        </h4>
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述1 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            在家里,好多妈妈都知道每天让宝宝多饮水,但是只有妈妈能掌握量,宝宝自己没有量的概念。有时候会把半杯说成一杯,有时候会多数或者漏数了。有的入托育园的宝宝会说:“我在托育园里都已经喝了好多好多水了,今天喝饱了。”
          </p>
        </div>
        <p>
          请帮家长想一个好的办法,帮助婴幼儿方便地量化自己的饮水量,同时也能及时了解婴幼儿的饮水量。
        </p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text16"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text16')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述2 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            夏天到了,婴幼儿的活动量增大,需水量增多。在托育园中,保育老师特意增加了饮水的次数,可尽管如此,每天放学后,水桶里留下的水还是很多。经过观察发现,很多孩子对饮水兴趣不高,每次喝得很少,但是觉得自己的饮水量已经够了。保育老师决定在饮水角做一个互动墙,呈现“今天我喝了多少水”等主题内容。
          </p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text16"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text16')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述2 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              夏天到了,婴幼儿的活动量增大,需水量增多。在托育园中,保育老师特意增加了饮水的次数,可尽管如此,每天放学后,水桶里留下的水还是很多。经过观察发现,很多孩子对饮水兴趣不高,每次喝得很少,但是觉得自己的饮水量已经够了。保育老师决定在饮水角做一个互动墙,呈现“今天我喝了多少水”等主题内容。
            </p>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="109">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">1-104</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(109) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">1-104</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>
          1.根据以上情境,针对某一年龄段,以小组合作的方式共同设计一个主题墙饰,使婴幼儿能具体、直观地看到自己的饮水量,同时也便于托育园操作。在下方画出设计草图,并制作完成。
        </p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text17"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text17')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>
          2.模拟演练。收集饮水健康教育的素材,如儿歌、故事、绘本、歌曲等,选取某年龄段(6~12月、1~2岁、2~3岁),针对婴幼儿主动喝水方面的某一问题,小组合作模拟进行饮水健康教育,组内成员进行点评,写出改进措施。
        </p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text18"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text18')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>3.头脑风暴。小组成员归纳总结完成表1-6-2。</p>
        <p class="img">表1-6-2 婴幼儿良好饮水习惯的培养</p>
        <!-- <p class="center">
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>
            1.根据以上情境,针对某一年龄段,以小组合作的方式共同设计一个主题墙饰,使婴幼儿能具体、直观地看到自己的饮水量,同时也便于托育园操作。在下方画出设计草图,并制作完成。
          </p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text17"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text17')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>
            2.模拟演练。收集饮水健康教育的素材,如儿歌、故事、绘本、歌曲等,选取某年龄段(6~12月、1~2岁、2~3岁),针对婴幼儿主动喝水方面的某一问题,小组合作模拟进行饮水健康教育,组内成员进行点评,写出改进措施。
          </p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text18"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text18')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>3.头脑风暴。小组成员归纳总结完成表1-6-2。</p>
          <p class="img">表1-6-2 婴幼儿良好饮水习惯的培养</p>
          <!-- <p class="center">
          <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0120-2.jpg" />
        </p> -->
        <div>
          <table class="table111 table122 table162">
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th
                  :style="{
                    width: index == 0 ? '200px' : '',
                  }"
                  v-for="(header, index) in chapter006.headersData162"
                  :key="index"
                >
                  {{ header }}
                </th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td rowspan="3" style="background-color: #eee">
                  主公饮水的习惯
                </td>
                <td>
                  <textarea
                    v-model="chapter006.tableData162.text1"
                    @blur="updateCell162"
                  />
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>
                  <textarea
                    v-model="chapter006.tableData162.text2"
                    @blur="updateCell162"
                  />
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>
                  <textarea
                    v-model="chapter006.tableData162.text3"
                    @blur="updateCell162"
                  />
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td rowspan="3" style="background-color: #eee">
                  愿意喝白开水的习惯
                </td>
                <td>
                  <textarea
                    v-model="chapter006.tableData162.text4"
                    @blur="updateCell162"
                  />
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>
                  <textarea
                    v-model="chapter006.tableData162.text5"
                    @blur="updateCell162"
                  />
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>
                  <textarea
                    v-model="chapter006.tableData162.text6"
                    @blur="updateCell162"
                  />
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td rowspan="3" style="background-color: #eee">
                  其他良好的饮水习惯
                </td>
                <td>
                  <textarea
                    v-model="chapter006.tableData162.text7"
                    @blur="updateCell162"
                  />
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>
                  <textarea
                    v-model="chapter006.tableData162.text8"
                    @blur="updateCell162"
                  />
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>
                  <textarea
                    v-model="chapter006.tableData162.text9"
                    @blur="updateCell162"
                  />
                </td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
          <div>
            <table class="table111 table122 table162">
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th
                    :style="{
                      width: index == 0 ? '200px' : '',
                    }"
                    v-for="(header, index) in chapter006.headersData162"
                    :key="index"
                  >
                    {{ header }}
                  </th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr>
                  <td rowspan="3" style="background-color: #eee">
                    主公饮水的习惯
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <textarea
                      v-model="chapter006.tableData162.text1"
                      @blur="updateCell162"
                    />
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>
                    <textarea
                      v-model="chapter006.tableData162.text2"
                      @blur="updateCell162"
                    />
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>
                    <textarea
                      v-model="chapter006.tableData162.text3"
                      @blur="updateCell162"
                    />
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td rowspan="3" style="background-color: #eee">
                    愿意喝白开水的习惯
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <textarea
                      v-model="chapter006.tableData162.text4"
                      @blur="updateCell162"
                    />
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>
                    <textarea
                      v-model="chapter006.tableData162.text5"
                      @blur="updateCell162"
                    />
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>
                    <textarea
                      v-model="chapter006.tableData162.text6"
                      @blur="updateCell162"
                    />
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td rowspan="3" style="background-color: #eee">
                    其他良好的饮水习惯
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <textarea
                      v-model="chapter006.tableData162.text7"
                      @blur="updateCell162"
                    />
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>
                    <textarea
                      v-model="chapter006.tableData162.text8"
                      @blur="updateCell162"
                    />
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>
                    <textarea
                      v-model="chapter006.tableData162.text9"
                      @blur="updateCell162"
                    />
                  </td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
          </div>
          <p><br /></p>
        </div>
        <p><br /></p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="110">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">第六单元·饮水活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">1-105</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(110) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">第六单元·饮水活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">1-105</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h3 id="c023">
          <span class="bk-h3"
            ><span class="bj1-h3">三</span>  组织婴幼儿集体饮水 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <p>
          饮水是婴幼儿一日生活中最重要的生活环节。多数婴幼儿要在托育园待上半天或者一整天,保教人员要引导他们学会排队饮水、自主饮水,每天保证适宜的水量,在饮水过程中能够避免危险,从而正常发育和健康成长。因此,能够科学合理地组织婴幼儿集体饮水,能够及时发现安全隐患,并说出预防措施是保教人员的必备能力。
        </p>
        <h4 id="d068">
          ▶▶ 活动1:做好饮水前的准备<span class="fontsz1"
            >>>>>>>>></span
          >
        </h4>
        <p><b>①活动准备</b></p>
        <p>
          1.物品准备:饮水桶、水杯、饮水桶专用清洁巾、水杯专用百洁布、小刷子等。
        </p>
        <p>
          2.操作者准备:束起头发,剪短指甲,摘除手表及首饰,用七步洗手法洗净双手,穿上围兜,戴上头巾和口罩。
        </p>
        <p><b>②活动过程</b></p>
        <p>1.清洁、消毒饮水桶。</p>
        <p>
          第一步:将饮水桶放在水池内,打开水龙头,用流动的水冲洗。用专用清洁巾按照桶口—桶内壁—桶内底—桶盖内外侧—桶外壁—桶外底的顺序依次擦拭,由内向外地将水桶冲洗干净。
        </p>
        <p>第二步:打开饮水桶下方的水龙头,使流动的水从水龙头的出水口流出。</p>
        <p>
          第三步:关上水龙头,在饮水桶中倒入1/3的开水,盖上盖子,用力左右摇晃饮水桶,使开水接触到桶内壁。打开饮水桶下方的水龙头,让开水流出。
        </p>
        <p>第四步:用消毒液擦拭饮水桶的外壁,以达到消毒的目的。</p>
        <p>
          2.摆放饮水桶。放置好饮水桶后,盖好顶部的盖子,下方水龙头朝外,方便婴幼儿接水。
        </p>
        <p>3.清洁、消毒水杯。</p>
        <p>第一步:洗。用百洁布擦拭杯口、杯内壁,用小刷子刷洗水杯的把手。</p>
        <p>第二步:冲。用流动的水将水杯冲洗干净,依次放入待消毒的容器中。</p>
        <p>
          第三步:消。用煮沸法消毒时,水面应浸没杯子,水沸腾后再煮10分钟;用蒸汽法消毒时,水沸腾后再蒸15分钟。消毒完毕后,将杯子倒扣放置沥干。
        </p>
        <p>
          4.摆放水杯。将消过毒的水杯放在水杯架上。注意事项:拿杯子时,手不碰杯口,柄朝外,杯口朝上。
        </p>
        <p>5.整理。将所用物品清理干净,摆放整齐。</p>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h3 id="c023">
            <span class="bk-h3"
              ><span class="bj1-h3">三</span>  组织婴幼儿集体饮水 </span
            >
          </h3>
          <p>
            饮水是婴幼儿一日生活中最重要的生活环节。多数婴幼儿要在托育园待上半天或者一整天,保教人员要引导他们学会排队饮水、自主饮水,每天保证适宜的水量,在饮水过程中能够避免危险,从而正常发育和健康成长。因此,能够科学合理地组织婴幼儿集体饮水,能够及时发现安全隐患,并说出预防措施是保教人员的必备能力。
          </p>
          <h4 id="d068">
            ▶▶ 活动1:做好饮水前的准备<span class="fontsz1"
              >>>>>>>>></span
            >
          </h4>
          <p><b>①活动准备</b></p>
          <p>
            1.物品准备:饮水桶、水杯、饮水桶专用清洁巾、水杯专用百洁布、小刷子等。
          </p>
          <p>
            2.操作者准备:束起头发,剪短指甲,摘除手表及首饰,用七步洗手法洗净双手,穿上围兜,戴上头巾和口罩。
          </p>
          <p><b>②活动过程</b></p>
          <p>1.清洁、消毒饮水桶。</p>
          <p>
            第一步:将饮水桶放在水池内,打开水龙头,用流动的水冲洗。用专用清洁巾按照桶口—桶内壁—桶内底—桶盖内外侧—桶外壁—桶外底的顺序依次擦拭,由内向外地将水桶冲洗干净。
          </p>
          <p>
            第二步:打开饮水桶下方的水龙头,使流动的水从水龙头的出水口流出。
          </p>
          <p>
            第三步:关上水龙头,在饮水桶中倒入1/3的开水,盖上盖子,用力左右摇晃饮水桶,使开水接触到桶内壁。打开饮水桶下方的水龙头,让开水流出。
          </p>
          <p>第四步:用消毒液擦拭饮水桶的外壁,以达到消毒的目的。</p>
          <p>
            2.摆放饮水桶。放置好饮水桶后,盖好顶部的盖子,下方水龙头朝外,方便婴幼儿接水。
          </p>
          <p>3.清洁、消毒水杯。</p>
          <p>第一步:洗。用百洁布擦拭杯口、杯内壁,用小刷子刷洗水杯的把手。</p>
          <p>第二步:冲。用流动的水将水杯冲洗干净,依次放入待消毒的容器中。</p>
          <p>
            第三步:消。用煮沸法消毒时,水面应浸没杯子,水沸腾后再煮10分钟;用蒸汽法消毒时,水沸腾后再蒸15分钟。消毒完毕后,将杯子倒扣放置沥干。
          </p>
          <p>
            4.摆放水杯。将消过毒的水杯放在水杯架上。注意事项:拿杯子时,手不碰杯口,柄朝外,杯口朝上。
          </p>
          <p>5.整理。将所用物品清理干净,摆放整齐。</p>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="111">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">1-106</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(111) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">1-106</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p><b>③实训练习</b></p>
        <p>
          2~4人为一组开展实训操作,其中一人操作,其他同学观摩。操作者一边实操一边讲解操作要领,其他同学按照准备饮水物品的评分标准给操作者打分。
        </p>
        <!-- <div class="bk-sys">
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p><b>③实训练习</b></p>
          <p>
            2~4人为一组开展实训操作,其中一人操作,其他同学观摩。操作者一边实操一边讲解操作要领,其他同学按照准备饮水物品的评分标准给操作者打分。
          </p>
          <!-- <div class="bk-sys">
          <div class="bj1-sys">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn1" alt="" src="../image/dy-sys.png" />
@@ -800,123 +827,123 @@
          </p>
          <p class="img">准备饮水物品的评分标准</p>
        </div> -->
        <div class="tips-bk">
          <div class="bj-tip">
            准备饮水物品的评分标准
            <div @click="activityGroup">
              <svg
                xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
                width="19.28"
                height="20.563"
                viewBox="0 0 19.28 20.563"
              >
                <g transform="translate(-109.056 -82.941)">
                  <path
                    class="a"
                    d="M3439.656-15185.7h-12.643a1.815,1.815,0,0,1-1.816-1.81v-16.944a1.83,1.83,0,0,1,1.816-1.809h15.674a1.8,1.8,0,0,1,1.79,1.809v13.93h-4.217a.6.6,0,0,0-.6.6v4.217h0Zm-9.819-2.764a.5.5,0,0,0-.5.5.5.5,0,0,0,.5.5h4a.5.5,0,0,0,.5-.5.5.5,0,0,0-.5-.5Zm0-2a.5.5,0,0,0-.5.5.5.5,0,0,0,.5.5h4a.5.5,0,0,0,.5-.5.5.5,0,0,0-.5-.5Zm1.393-8.525a2.416,2.416,0,0,0-2.416,2.411,2.421,2.421,0,0,0,2.416,2.42h.111a1.8,1.8,0,0,0,1.1,1.1,1.809,1.809,0,0,0,.6.107,1.808,1.808,0,0,0,1.7-1.206h4.072l-.172.172a.635.635,0,0,0-.179.454.569.569,0,0,0,.179.4.637.637,0,0,0,.435.176.6.6,0,0,0,.424-.176l1.2-1.214a.618.618,0,0,0,0-.858l-1.2-1.187a.619.619,0,0,0-.431-.176.6.6,0,0,0-.427.176.615.615,0,0,0,0,.854l.172.176h-4.072a1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.1-1.1,1.755,1.755,0,0,0-.6-.1,1.808,1.808,0,0,0-1.7,1.206h-.111a.554.554,0,0,1-.145-.016,1.2,1.2,0,0,1-.84-.4,1.217,1.217,0,0,1-.3-.878,1.2,1.2,0,0,1,1.206-1.137.407.407,0,0,1,.069,0h3.729a1.807,1.807,0,0,0,1.118,1.114,1.816,1.816,0,0,0,.576.091,1.789,1.789,0,0,0,1.7-1.205h.309a2.415,2.415,0,0,0,1.679-.775,2.407,2.407,0,0,0,.637-1.729,2.411,2.411,0,0,0-2.419-2.324h-6.213a1.821,1.821,0,0,0-1.107-1.1,1.8,1.8,0,0,0-.6-.1,1.814,1.814,0,0,0-1.706,1.2,1.8,1.8,0,0,0,.077,1.389,1.787,1.787,0,0,0,1.026.92,1.841,1.841,0,0,0,.6.1,1.807,1.807,0,0,0,1.706-1.2h6.266a1.179,1.179,0,0,1,.836.4,1.22,1.22,0,0,1,.305.874,1.213,1.213,0,0,1-1.214,1.146h-.172a1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.118-1.118,1.711,1.711,0,0,0-.576-.1,1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.706,1.214Z"
                    transform="translate(-3316.14 15289.201)"
                  />
                  <path
                    class="a"
                    d="M316.806,239.727a.6.6,0,1,0,.6-.6A.6.6,0,0,0,316.806,239.727Zm-5.421-4.207a.6.6,0,1,0,.6.6A.587.587,0,0,0,311.385,235.52Zm2.4,8.438a.607.607,0,1,0-.6-.613A.621.621,0,0,0,313.789,243.958Z"
                    transform="translate(-196.896 -148.921)"
                  />
                  <path
                    class="a"
                    d="M763.392,793.79l3.262-3.262h-3.262Z"
                    transform="translate(-638.661 -690.634)"
                  />
                </g>
              </svg>
          <div class="tips-bk">
            <div class="bj-tip">
              准备饮水物品的评分标准
              <div @click="activityGroup">
                <svg
                  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
                  width="19.28"
                  height="20.563"
                  viewBox="0 0 19.28 20.563"
                >
                  <g transform="translate(-109.056 -82.941)">
                    <path
                      class="a"
                      d="M3439.656-15185.7h-12.643a1.815,1.815,0,0,1-1.816-1.81v-16.944a1.83,1.83,0,0,1,1.816-1.809h15.674a1.8,1.8,0,0,1,1.79,1.809v13.93h-4.217a.6.6,0,0,0-.6.6v4.217h0Zm-9.819-2.764a.5.5,0,0,0-.5.5.5.5,0,0,0,.5.5h4a.5.5,0,0,0,.5-.5.5.5,0,0,0-.5-.5Zm0-2a.5.5,0,0,0-.5.5.5.5,0,0,0,.5.5h4a.5.5,0,0,0,.5-.5.5.5,0,0,0-.5-.5Zm1.393-8.525a2.416,2.416,0,0,0-2.416,2.411,2.421,2.421,0,0,0,2.416,2.42h.111a1.8,1.8,0,0,0,1.1,1.1,1.809,1.809,0,0,0,.6.107,1.808,1.808,0,0,0,1.7-1.206h4.072l-.172.172a.635.635,0,0,0-.179.454.569.569,0,0,0,.179.4.637.637,0,0,0,.435.176.6.6,0,0,0,.424-.176l1.2-1.214a.618.618,0,0,0,0-.858l-1.2-1.187a.619.619,0,0,0-.431-.176.6.6,0,0,0-.427.176.615.615,0,0,0,0,.854l.172.176h-4.072a1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.1-1.1,1.755,1.755,0,0,0-.6-.1,1.808,1.808,0,0,0-1.7,1.206h-.111a.554.554,0,0,1-.145-.016,1.2,1.2,0,0,1-.84-.4,1.217,1.217,0,0,1-.3-.878,1.2,1.2,0,0,1,1.206-1.137.407.407,0,0,1,.069,0h3.729a1.807,1.807,0,0,0,1.118,1.114,1.816,1.816,0,0,0,.576.091,1.789,1.789,0,0,0,1.7-1.205h.309a2.415,2.415,0,0,0,1.679-.775,2.407,2.407,0,0,0,.637-1.729,2.411,2.411,0,0,0-2.419-2.324h-6.213a1.821,1.821,0,0,0-1.107-1.1,1.8,1.8,0,0,0-.6-.1,1.814,1.814,0,0,0-1.706,1.2,1.8,1.8,0,0,0,.077,1.389,1.787,1.787,0,0,0,1.026.92,1.841,1.841,0,0,0,.6.1,1.807,1.807,0,0,0,1.706-1.2h6.266a1.179,1.179,0,0,1,.836.4,1.22,1.22,0,0,1,.305.874,1.213,1.213,0,0,1-1.214,1.146h-.172a1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.118-1.118,1.711,1.711,0,0,0-.576-.1,1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.706,1.214Z"
                      transform="translate(-3316.14 15289.201)"
                    />
                    <path
                      class="a"
                      d="M316.806,239.727a.6.6,0,1,0,.6-.6A.6.6,0,0,0,316.806,239.727Zm-5.421-4.207a.6.6,0,1,0,.6.6A.587.587,0,0,0,311.385,235.52Zm2.4,8.438a.607.607,0,1,0-.6-.613A.621.621,0,0,0,313.789,243.958Z"
                      transform="translate(-196.896 -148.921)"
                    />
                    <path
                      class="a"
                      d="M763.392,793.79l3.262-3.262h-3.262Z"
                      transform="translate(-638.661 -690.634)"
                    />
                  </g>
                </svg>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div v-if="chapter006.isGroupOpen" class="tips-file">
              <table class="table111 table122">
                <thead>
                  <tr>
                    <th
                      :style="{
                        width:
                          index == 1 || index == chapter006.groupData.length - 1
                            ? '100px'
                            : '',
                      }"
                      v-for="(header, index) in chapter006.publicHeader"
                      :key="index"
                    >
                      {{ header }}
                    </th>
                  </tr>
                </thead>
                <tbody>
                  <tr
                    v-for="(row, rowIndex) in chapter006.groupData"
                    :key="rowIndex"
                  >
                    <td v-for="(cell, cellIndex) in row" :key="cellIndex">
                      <template v-if="cell === ''">
                        <input
                          type="text"
                          v-model="chapter006.groupData[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                          @blur="
                            updateCellGroup(
                              rowIndex,
                              cellIndex,
                              $event.target.value
                            )
                          "
                        />
                      </template>
                      <template v-else-if="cellIndex == 4">
                        <input
                          type="text"
                          v-model="chapter006.groupData[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                          @blur="
                            updateCellGroup(
                              rowIndex,
                              cellIndex,
                              $event.target.value
                            )
                          "
                        />
                      </template>
                      <template v-else>
                        {{ cell }}
                      </template>
                    </td>
                  </tr>
                </tbody>
              </table>
            </div>
          </div>
          <div v-if="chapter006.isGroupOpen" class="tips-file">
            <table class="table111 table122">
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th
                    :style="{
                      width:
                        index == 1 || index == chapter006.groupData.length - 1
                          ? '100px'
                          : '',
                    }"
                    v-for="(header, index) in chapter006.publicHeader"
                    :key="index"
                  >
                    {{ header }}
                  </th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr
                  v-for="(row, rowIndex) in chapter006.groupData"
                  :key="rowIndex"
                >
                  <td v-for="(cell, cellIndex) in row" :key="cellIndex">
                    <template v-if="cell === ''">
                      <input
                        type="text"
                        v-model="chapter006.groupData[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                        @blur="
                          updateCellGroup(
                            rowIndex,
                            cellIndex,
                            $event.target.value
                          )
                        "
                      />
                    </template>
                    <template v-else-if="cellIndex == 4">
                      <input
                        type="text"
                        v-model="chapter006.groupData[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                        @blur="
                          updateCellGroup(
                            rowIndex,
                            cellIndex,
                            $event.target.value
                          )
                        "
                      />
                    </template>
                    <template v-else>
                      {{ cell }}
                    </template>
                  </td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
          <p><br /></p>
          <p><b>④总结与反思</b></p>
          <p>1.操作中容易出现哪些失误?造成这些失误的原因分别是什么?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text19"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text19')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
        </div>
        <p><br/></p>
        <p><b>④总结与反思</b></p>
        <p>1.操作中容易出现哪些失误?造成这些失误的原因分别是什么?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text19"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text19')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>2.提升操作规范性与熟练度的措施有哪些?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text20"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text20')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <h4 id="d069">
          ▶▶ 活动2:指导婴幼儿集体饮水<span class="fontsz1"
            >>>>>>>>></span
          >
        </h4>
        <!-- <p><br /></p>
          <p>2.提升操作规范性与熟练度的措施有哪些?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text20"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text20')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <h4 id="d069">
            ▶▶ 活动2:指导婴幼儿集体饮水<span class="fontsz1"
              >>>>>>>>></span
            >
          </h4>
          <!-- <p><br /></p>
        <div class="bk-sys">
          <div class="bj1-sys">
            <p class="left">
@@ -928,108 +955,112 @@
          </p>
          <p class="img">喝水</p>
        </div> -->
        <div class="tips-bk">
          <div class="bj-tip">
            视频:喝水
            <div @click="activityOne">
              <svg
                xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
                xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
                width="20.863"
                height="20.817"
                viewBox="0 0 19.863 13.817"
              >
                <g transform="translate(-40.961 -184.321)">
                  <path
                    class="a"
                    d="M4.647,1.4a1,1,0,0,1,1.707,0L10.07,7.479A1,1,0,0,1,9.217,9H1.783A1,1,0,0,1,.93,7.479Z"
                    transform="translate(51.824 196.82) rotate(-90)"
                  />
                  <path
                    class="b"
                    d="M3322.914-15094.863h-10.363a2.593,2.593,0,0,1-2.59-2.59v-8.638a2.593,2.593,0,0,1,2.59-2.59h10.363a2.6,2.6,0,0,1,2.594,2.59v1.729c.013.027,0,3.6,0,5.141v1.769A2.6,2.6,0,0,1,3322.914-15094.863Zm-6.9-9.933a.862.862,0,0,0-.755.468.947.947,0,0,0-.114.455v4.2a.9.9,0,0,0,.868.922.848.848,0,0,0,.432-.121l3.45-2.12a.956.956,0,0,0,.315-1.259.874.874,0,0,0-.322-.341l-3.451-2.086A.813.813,0,0,0,3316.01-15104.8Z"
                    transform="translate(-3269 15293.001)"
                  />
                </g>
              </svg>
          <div class="tips-bk">
            <div class="bj-tip">
              视频:喝水
              <div @click="activityOne">
                <svg
                  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
                  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
                  width="20.863"
                  height="20.817"
                  viewBox="0 0 19.863 13.817"
                >
                  <g transform="translate(-40.961 -184.321)">
                    <path
                      class="a"
                      d="M4.647,1.4a1,1,0,0,1,1.707,0L10.07,7.479A1,1,0,0,1,9.217,9H1.783A1,1,0,0,1,.93,7.479Z"
                      transform="translate(51.824 196.82) rotate(-90)"
                    />
                    <path
                      class="b"
                      d="M3322.914-15094.863h-10.363a2.593,2.593,0,0,1-2.59-2.59v-8.638a2.593,2.593,0,0,1,2.59-2.59h10.363a2.6,2.6,0,0,1,2.594,2.59v1.729c.013.027,0,3.6,0,5.141v1.769A2.6,2.6,0,0,1,3322.914-15094.863Zm-6.9-9.933a.862.862,0,0,0-.755.468.947.947,0,0,0-.114.455v4.2a.9.9,0,0,0,.868.922.848.848,0,0,0,.432-.121l3.45-2.12a.956.956,0,0,0,.315-1.259.874.874,0,0,0-.322-.341l-3.451-2.086A.813.813,0,0,0,3316.01-15104.8Z"
                      transform="translate(-3269 15293.001)"
                    />
                  </g>
                </svg>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div
              class="tips-file"
              v-if="chapter006.isOpenOne && chapter006.videOneUrl"
            >
              <video
                webkit-playsinline="true"
                x-webkit-airplay="true"
                playsinline="true"
                x5-video-orientation="h5"
                x5-video-player-fullscreen="true"
                x5-playsinline=""
                controls
                class="video-border w100"
                :src="chapter006.videOneUrl"
              ></video>
            </div>
          </div>
          <div
            class="tips-file"
            v-if="chapter006.isOpenOne && chapter006.videOneUrl"
          >
            <video
              webkit-playsinline="true"
              x-webkit-airplay="true"
              playsinline="true"
              x5-video-orientation="h5"
              x5-video-player-fullscreen="true"
              x5-playsinline=""
              controls
              class="video-border w100"
              :src="chapter006.videOneUrl"
            ></video>
          </div>
          <p><br /></p>
          <p><b>①活动准备</b></p>
          <p>1.物品准备:水杯、水桶、餐桌、毛巾。</p>
          <p>
            2.操作者准备:束起头发,剪短指甲,摘除手表及首饰,穿上围兜,戴上头巾和口罩,用七步洗手法洗净双手。
          </p>
          <p><b>②活动过程</b></p>
          <p>
            1.引导婴幼儿喝水前应先用七步洗手法清洗双手,然后按照顺序取自己的水杯。
          </p>
          <p>
            2.将温度和水量适中的水倒入婴幼儿的水杯中,放置在婴幼儿的正前方。
          </p>
          <p>
            3.指导婴幼儿在喝水时正确地拿水杯:右手持杯柄,左手扶杯身,避免水洒出或水杯滑落。
          </p>
          <p>
            4.提醒婴幼儿轻轻端起水杯。提醒婴幼儿先吹一吹,再轻轻用嘴唇试一试,避免烫嘴。喝水时要一口一口慢慢喝,不要边走边喝,喝水时不说笑。
          </p>
        </div>
        <p><br /></p>
        <p><b>①活动准备</b></p>
        <p>1.物品准备:水杯、水桶、餐桌、毛巾。</p>
        <p>
          2.操作者准备:束起头发,剪短指甲,摘除手表及首饰,穿上围兜,戴上头巾和口罩,用七步洗手法洗净双手。
        </p>
        <p><b>②活动过程</b></p>
        <p>
          1.引导婴幼儿喝水前应先用七步洗手法清洗双手,然后按照顺序取自己的水杯。
        </p>
        <p>2.将温度和水量适中的水倒入婴幼儿的水杯中,放置在婴幼儿的正前方。</p>
        <p>
          3.指导婴幼儿在喝水时正确地拿水杯:右手持杯柄,左手扶杯身,避免水洒出或水杯滑落。
        </p>
        <p>
          4.提醒婴幼儿轻轻端起水杯。提醒婴幼儿先吹一吹,再轻轻用嘴唇试一试,避免烫嘴。喝水时要一口一口慢慢喝,不要边走边喝,喝水时不说笑。
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="112">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">第六单元·饮水活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">1-107</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(112) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">第六单元·饮水活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">1-107</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>5.帮助或者提醒婴幼儿将嘴巴擦干净。</p>
        <p>6.婴幼儿喝完后,指导婴幼儿将水杯放回水杯架的对应位置。</p>
        <p>通过以上活动,思考下面的问题。</p>
        <p>1.在婴幼儿集体饮水的过程中可能存在的安全隐患有哪些?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text21"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text21')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>2.排查隐患的方法有哪些?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text22"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text22')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <!-- <p><br /></p> -->
        <!-- <div class="bk-sys">
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>5.帮助或者提醒婴幼儿将嘴巴擦干净。</p>
          <p>6.婴幼儿喝完后,指导婴幼儿将水杯放回水杯架的对应位置。</p>
          <p>通过以上活动,思考下面的问题。</p>
          <p>1.在婴幼儿集体饮水的过程中可能存在的安全隐患有哪些?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text21"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text21')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>2.排查隐患的方法有哪些?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter006.textAreaItem.text22"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text22')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <!-- <p><br /></p> -->
          <!-- <div class="bk-sys">
          <div class="bj1-sys">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn1" alt="" src="../image/dy-sys.png" />
@@ -1040,231 +1071,235 @@
          </p>
          <p class="img">指导婴幼儿集体饮水的评分标准</p>
        </div> -->
        <div class="tips-bk">
          <div class="bj-tip">
            指导婴幼儿集体饮水的评分标准
            <div @click="activityScore1">
              <svg
                xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
                width="19.28"
                height="20.563"
                viewBox="0 0 19.28 20.563"
              >
                <g transform="translate(-109.056 -82.941)">
                  <path
                    class="a"
                    d="M3439.656-15185.7h-12.643a1.815,1.815,0,0,1-1.816-1.81v-16.944a1.83,1.83,0,0,1,1.816-1.809h15.674a1.8,1.8,0,0,1,1.79,1.809v13.93h-4.217a.6.6,0,0,0-.6.6v4.217h0Zm-9.819-2.764a.5.5,0,0,0-.5.5.5.5,0,0,0,.5.5h4a.5.5,0,0,0,.5-.5.5.5,0,0,0-.5-.5Zm0-2a.5.5,0,0,0-.5.5.5.5,0,0,0,.5.5h4a.5.5,0,0,0,.5-.5.5.5,0,0,0-.5-.5Zm1.393-8.525a2.416,2.416,0,0,0-2.416,2.411,2.421,2.421,0,0,0,2.416,2.42h.111a1.8,1.8,0,0,0,1.1,1.1,1.809,1.809,0,0,0,.6.107,1.808,1.808,0,0,0,1.7-1.206h4.072l-.172.172a.635.635,0,0,0-.179.454.569.569,0,0,0,.179.4.637.637,0,0,0,.435.176.6.6,0,0,0,.424-.176l1.2-1.214a.618.618,0,0,0,0-.858l-1.2-1.187a.619.619,0,0,0-.431-.176.6.6,0,0,0-.427.176.615.615,0,0,0,0,.854l.172.176h-4.072a1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.1-1.1,1.755,1.755,0,0,0-.6-.1,1.808,1.808,0,0,0-1.7,1.206h-.111a.554.554,0,0,1-.145-.016,1.2,1.2,0,0,1-.84-.4,1.217,1.217,0,0,1-.3-.878,1.2,1.2,0,0,1,1.206-1.137.407.407,0,0,1,.069,0h3.729a1.807,1.807,0,0,0,1.118,1.114,1.816,1.816,0,0,0,.576.091,1.789,1.789,0,0,0,1.7-1.205h.309a2.415,2.415,0,0,0,1.679-.775,2.407,2.407,0,0,0,.637-1.729,2.411,2.411,0,0,0-2.419-2.324h-6.213a1.821,1.821,0,0,0-1.107-1.1,1.8,1.8,0,0,0-.6-.1,1.814,1.814,0,0,0-1.706,1.2,1.8,1.8,0,0,0,.077,1.389,1.787,1.787,0,0,0,1.026.92,1.841,1.841,0,0,0,.6.1,1.807,1.807,0,0,0,1.706-1.2h6.266a1.179,1.179,0,0,1,.836.4,1.22,1.22,0,0,1,.305.874,1.213,1.213,0,0,1-1.214,1.146h-.172a1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.118-1.118,1.711,1.711,0,0,0-.576-.1,1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.706,1.214Z"
                    transform="translate(-3316.14 15289.201)"
                  />
                  <path
                    class="a"
                    d="M316.806,239.727a.6.6,0,1,0,.6-.6A.6.6,0,0,0,316.806,239.727Zm-5.421-4.207a.6.6,0,1,0,.6.6A.587.587,0,0,0,311.385,235.52Zm2.4,8.438a.607.607,0,1,0-.6-.613A.621.621,0,0,0,313.789,243.958Z"
                    transform="translate(-196.896 -148.921)"
                  />
                  <path
                    class="a"
                    d="M763.392,793.79l3.262-3.262h-3.262Z"
                    transform="translate(-638.661 -690.634)"
                  />
                </g>
              </svg>
          <div class="tips-bk">
            <div class="bj-tip">
              指导婴幼儿集体饮水的评分标准
              <div @click="activityScore1">
                <svg
                  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
                  width="19.28"
                  height="20.563"
                  viewBox="0 0 19.28 20.563"
                >
                  <g transform="translate(-109.056 -82.941)">
                    <path
                      class="a"
                      d="M3439.656-15185.7h-12.643a1.815,1.815,0,0,1-1.816-1.81v-16.944a1.83,1.83,0,0,1,1.816-1.809h15.674a1.8,1.8,0,0,1,1.79,1.809v13.93h-4.217a.6.6,0,0,0-.6.6v4.217h0Zm-9.819-2.764a.5.5,0,0,0-.5.5.5.5,0,0,0,.5.5h4a.5.5,0,0,0,.5-.5.5.5,0,0,0-.5-.5Zm0-2a.5.5,0,0,0-.5.5.5.5,0,0,0,.5.5h4a.5.5,0,0,0,.5-.5.5.5,0,0,0-.5-.5Zm1.393-8.525a2.416,2.416,0,0,0-2.416,2.411,2.421,2.421,0,0,0,2.416,2.42h.111a1.8,1.8,0,0,0,1.1,1.1,1.809,1.809,0,0,0,.6.107,1.808,1.808,0,0,0,1.7-1.206h4.072l-.172.172a.635.635,0,0,0-.179.454.569.569,0,0,0,.179.4.637.637,0,0,0,.435.176.6.6,0,0,0,.424-.176l1.2-1.214a.618.618,0,0,0,0-.858l-1.2-1.187a.619.619,0,0,0-.431-.176.6.6,0,0,0-.427.176.615.615,0,0,0,0,.854l.172.176h-4.072a1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.1-1.1,1.755,1.755,0,0,0-.6-.1,1.808,1.808,0,0,0-1.7,1.206h-.111a.554.554,0,0,1-.145-.016,1.2,1.2,0,0,1-.84-.4,1.217,1.217,0,0,1-.3-.878,1.2,1.2,0,0,1,1.206-1.137.407.407,0,0,1,.069,0h3.729a1.807,1.807,0,0,0,1.118,1.114,1.816,1.816,0,0,0,.576.091,1.789,1.789,0,0,0,1.7-1.205h.309a2.415,2.415,0,0,0,1.679-.775,2.407,2.407,0,0,0,.637-1.729,2.411,2.411,0,0,0-2.419-2.324h-6.213a1.821,1.821,0,0,0-1.107-1.1,1.8,1.8,0,0,0-.6-.1,1.814,1.814,0,0,0-1.706,1.2,1.8,1.8,0,0,0,.077,1.389,1.787,1.787,0,0,0,1.026.92,1.841,1.841,0,0,0,.6.1,1.807,1.807,0,0,0,1.706-1.2h6.266a1.179,1.179,0,0,1,.836.4,1.22,1.22,0,0,1,.305.874,1.213,1.213,0,0,1-1.214,1.146h-.172a1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.118-1.118,1.711,1.711,0,0,0-.576-.1,1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.706,1.214Z"
                      transform="translate(-3316.14 15289.201)"
                    />
                    <path
                      class="a"
                      d="M316.806,239.727a.6.6,0,1,0,.6-.6A.6.6,0,0,0,316.806,239.727Zm-5.421-4.207a.6.6,0,1,0,.6.6A.587.587,0,0,0,311.385,235.52Zm2.4,8.438a.607.607,0,1,0-.6-.613A.621.621,0,0,0,313.789,243.958Z"
                      transform="translate(-196.896 -148.921)"
                    />
                    <path
                      class="a"
                      d="M763.392,793.79l3.262-3.262h-3.262Z"
                      transform="translate(-638.661 -690.634)"
                    />
                  </g>
                </svg>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div v-if="chapter006.isScore1Open" class="tips-file">
              <table class="table111 table122">
                <thead>
                  <tr>
                    <th
                      :style="{
                        width:
                          index == 1 ||
                          index == chapter006.scoreData1.length - 1
                            ? '100px'
                            : '',
                      }"
                      v-for="(header, index) in chapter006.publicHeader"
                      :key="index"
                    >
                      {{ header }}
                    </th>
                  </tr>
                </thead>
                <tbody>
                  <tr
                    v-for="(row, rowIndex) in chapter006.scoreData1"
                    :key="rowIndex"
                  >
                    <td v-for="(cell, cellIndex) in row" :key="cellIndex">
                      <template v-if="cell === ''">
                        <input
                          type="text"
                          v-model="chapter006.scoreData1[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                          @blur="
                            updateCellGroup(
                              rowIndex,
                              cellIndex,
                              $event.target.value
                            )
                          "
                        />
                      </template>
                      <template v-else-if="cellIndex == 4">
                        <input
                          type="text"
                          v-model="chapter006.scoreData1[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                          @blur="
                            updateCellGroup(
                              rowIndex,
                              cellIndex,
                              $event.target.value
                            )
                          "
                        />
                      </template>
                      <template v-else>
                        {{ cell }}
                      </template>
                    </td>
                  </tr>
                </tbody>
              </table>
            </div>
          </div>
          <div v-if="chapter006.isScore1Open" class="tips-file">
            <table class="table111 table122">
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th
                    :style="{
                      width:
                        index == 1 || index == chapter006.scoreData1.length - 1
                          ? '100px'
                          : '',
                    }"
                    v-for="(header, index) in chapter006.publicHeader"
                    :key="index"
                  >
                    {{ header }}
                  </th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr
                  v-for="(row, rowIndex) in chapter006.scoreData1"
                  :key="rowIndex"
                >
                  <td v-for="(cell, cellIndex) in row" :key="cellIndex">
                    <template v-if="cell === ''">
                      <input
                        type="text"
                        v-model="chapter006.scoreData1[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                        @blur="
                          updateCellGroup(
                            rowIndex,
                            cellIndex,
                            $event.target.value
                          )
                        "
                      />
                    </template>
                    <template v-else-if="cellIndex == 4">
                      <input
                        type="text"
                        v-model="chapter006.scoreData1[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                        @blur="
                          updateCellGroup(
                            rowIndex,
                            cellIndex,
                            $event.target.value
                          )
                        "
                      />
                    </template>
                    <template v-else>
                      {{ cell }}
                    </template>
                  </td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
          </div>
          <p><br /></p>
          <p><b>③实训练习</b></p>
          <p>
            2~4人为一组开展实训操作,其中一人模拟教师,一人模拟婴幼儿,其他同学观摩。操作者一边实操一边讲解操作要领,其他同学按照指导婴幼儿集体饮水的评分标准给操作者打分。
          </p>
          <h4 id="d070">
            ▶▶ 应用与实践<span class="fontsz1">>>>>>>>></span>
          </h4>
          <p><br /></p>
          <p><b>一、单选题</b></p>
          <p>
            1.水是人体各种组织的主要成分,能协助体内生理程序的进行,还有( <input
              v-model="chapter006.radio.text1"
              @blur="onRadioText()"
            /> )的作用。
          </p>
          <p class="block">A.调节体温</p>
          <p class="block">B.提供热能</p>
          <p class="block">C.促进肠蠕动</p>
          <p class="block">D.抗氧化</p>
          <p>
            2.婴幼儿对水的需求量主要取决于( <input
              v-model="chapter006.radio.text2"
              @blur="onRadioText()"
            /> )。
          </p>
          <p class="block">A.活动量</p>
          <p class="block">B.气候、气温</p>
          <p class="block">C.饮食状况</p>
          <p class="block">D.以上都是</p>
          <p>
            3.婴幼儿饮水的要求是( <input
              v-model="chapter006.radio.text3"
              @blur="onRadioText()"
            /> )。
          </p>
          <p class="block">A.小口尝试,避免烫嘴</p>
          <p class="block">B.拿水杯前先用七步洗手法洗手</p>
          <p class="block">C.喝水时不要说笑</p>
          <p class="block">D.以上都是</p>
        </div>
        <p><br/></p>
        <p><b>③实训练习</b></p>
        <p>
          2~4人为一组开展实训操作,其中一人模拟教师,一人模拟婴幼儿,其他同学观摩。操作者一边实操一边讲解操作要领,其他同学按照指导婴幼儿集体饮水的评分标准给操作者打分。
        </p>
        <h4 id="d070">
          ▶▶ 应用与实践<span class="fontsz1">>>>>>>>></span>
        </h4>
        <p><br /></p>
        <p><b>一、单选题</b></p>
        <p>
          1.水是人体各种组织的主要成分,能协助体内生理程序的进行,还有( <input
            v-model="chapter006.radio.text1"
            @blur="onRadioText()"
          /> )的作用。
        </p>
        <p class="block">A.调节体温</p>
        <p class="block">B.提供热能</p>
        <p class="block">C.促进肠蠕动</p>
        <p class="block">D.抗氧化</p>
        <p>
          2.婴幼儿对水的需求量主要取决于( <input
            v-model="chapter006.radio.text2"
            @blur="onRadioText()"
          /> )。
        </p>
        <p class="block">A.活动量</p>
        <p class="block">B.气候、气温</p>
        <p class="block">C.饮食状况</p>
        <p class="block">D.以上都是</p>
        <p>
          3.婴幼儿饮水的要求是( <input
            v-model="chapter006.radio.text3"
            @blur="onRadioText()"
          /> )。
        </p>
        <p class="block">A.小口尝试,避免烫嘴</p>
        <p class="block">B.拿水杯前先用七步洗手法洗手</p>
        <p class="block">C.喝水时不要说笑</p>
        <p class="block">D.以上都是</p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="113">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">1-108</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(113) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">1-108</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>
          4.下列是为婴幼儿提供的饮用水,不安全的是( <input
            v-model="chapter006.radio.text4"
            @blur="onRadioText()"
          /> )。
        </p>
        <p class="block">A.婴幼儿专用饮用水</p>
        <p class="block">B.水质达标的白开水</p>
        <p class="block">C.低矿且无菌的饮用水</p>
        <p class="block">D.水龙头流出的自来水</p>
        <p>
          5.在( <input
            v-model="chapter006.radio.text5"
            @blur="onRadioText()"
          /> ),保育员应提醒婴幼儿多饮水。
        </p>
        <p class="block">A.吃饭前</p>
        <p class="block">B.睡觉前</p>
        <p class="block">C.课间休息时</p>
        <p class="block">D.剧烈运动后</p>
        <p>
          6.指导婴幼儿接水饮水的错误做法是( <input
            v-model="chapter006.radio.text6"
            @blur="onRadioText()"
          /> )。
        </p>
        <p class="block">A.右手持杯柄,左手扶杯身</p>
        <p class="block">B.接满杯,避免洒落</p>
        <p class="block">C.喝前吹一吹,避免烫嘴</p>
        <p class="block">D.喝完后把水杯放回指定位置</p>
        <p>
          7.提高婴幼儿的饮水兴趣的方法有( <input
            v-model="chapter006.radio.text7"
            @blur="onRadioText()"
          /> )。
        </p>
        <p class="block">A.设置饮水主题墙</p>
        <p class="block">B.开展有利于饮水的故事活动</p>
        <p class="block">C.设计饮水小游戏</p>
        <p class="block">D.以上都是</p>
        <p><b>二、论述题</b></p>
        <p>
          在托育园里,保育老师发现佳佳特别不喜欢喝水,每次喝水都趁老师不注意接很少的水或者喝得很慢,然后偷偷将水倒掉。当你发现这个问题后,你觉得可能是什么原因造成的?你将如何与家长沟通?
        </p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter006.radio.desc1"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('desc1')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <div class="tips-bk">
          <div class="bj-tip">
            云测试:单元六应用与实践
            <div @click="activityThree">
              <svg
                xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
                xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
                width="20.115"
                height="19.988"
                viewBox="0 0 20.115 19.988"
              >
                <path
                  class="a"
                  d="M3356.437-15192.012a.568.568,0,0,1-.236-.052.566.566,0,0,1-.271-.744l1.134-2.429h-5.505a.558.558,0,0,1-.557-.558.559.559,0,0,1,.557-.561h19a.559.559,0,0,1,.557.561.558.558,0,0,1-.557.558h-5.505l1.13,2.429a.552.552,0,0,1,.019.427.55.55,0,0,1-.29.313.547.547,0,0,1-.238.055.557.557,0,0,1-.5-.322l-1.355-2.9h-5.52l-1.352,2.9A.563.563,0,0,1,3356.437-15192.012Zm12.442-5.462h-15.645a2.236,2.236,0,0,1-2.233-2.233v-10.06a2.236,2.236,0,0,1,2.233-2.233h15.645a2.238,2.238,0,0,1,2.237,2.233v10.06A2.238,2.238,0,0,1,3368.88-15197.474Zm-4.842-11.732a1.112,1.112,0,0,0-.748.287l-4.986,4.486a1.143,1.143,0,0,0-.309.473l-1.577,2.727a.57.57,0,0,0,.034.61.552.552,0,0,0,.447.229.448.448,0,0,0,.126-.016.55.55,0,0,0,.13-.03l2.871-1.233a1.153,1.153,0,0,0,.523-.268l4.982-4.485a1.121,1.121,0,0,0,.084-1.581l-.748-.828A1.113,1.113,0,0,0,3364.038-15209.206Z"
                  transform="translate(-3351.001 15212)"
                />
              </svg>
            </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>
            4.下列是为婴幼儿提供的饮用水,不安全的是( <input
              v-model="chapter006.radio.text4"
              @blur="onRadioText()"
            /> )。
          </p>
          <p class="block">A.婴幼儿专用饮用水</p>
          <p class="block">B.水质达标的白开水</p>
          <p class="block">C.低矿且无菌的饮用水</p>
          <p class="block">D.水龙头流出的自来水</p>
          <p>
            5.在( <input
              v-model="chapter006.radio.text5"
              @blur="onRadioText()"
            /> ),保育员应提醒婴幼儿多饮水。
          </p>
          <p class="block">A.吃饭前</p>
          <p class="block">B.睡觉前</p>
          <p class="block">C.课间休息时</p>
          <p class="block">D.剧烈运动后</p>
          <p>
            6.指导婴幼儿接水饮水的错误做法是( <input
              v-model="chapter006.radio.text6"
              @blur="onRadioText()"
            /> )。
          </p>
          <p class="block">A.右手持杯柄,左手扶杯身</p>
          <p class="block">B.接满杯,避免洒落</p>
          <p class="block">C.喝前吹一吹,避免烫嘴</p>
          <p class="block">D.喝完后把水杯放回指定位置</p>
          <p>
            7.提高婴幼儿的饮水兴趣的方法有( <input
              v-model="chapter006.radio.text7"
              @blur="onRadioText()"
            /> )。
          </p>
          <p class="block">A.设置饮水主题墙</p>
          <p class="block">B.开展有利于饮水的故事活动</p>
          <p class="block">C.设计饮水小游戏</p>
          <p class="block">D.以上都是</p>
          <p><b>二、论述题</b></p>
          <p>
            在托育园里,保育老师发现佳佳特别不喜欢喝水,每次喝水都趁老师不注意接很少的水或者喝得很慢,然后偷偷将水倒掉。当你发现这个问题后,你觉得可能是什么原因造成的?你将如何与家长沟通?
          </p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter006.radio.desc1"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('desc1')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <div
            v-if="chapter006.idOpenThree && chapter006.qustionData[108]"
            class="tips-file"
          >
            <examinations
              :primaryColor="'#f49a4c'"
              :cardList="chapter006.qustionData[108]"
            />
          <div class="tips-bk">
            <div class="bj-tip">
              云测试:单元六应用与实践
              <div @click="activityThree">
                <svg
                  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
                  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
                  width="20.115"
                  height="19.988"
                  viewBox="0 0 20.115 19.988"
                >
                  <path
                    class="a"
                    d="M3356.437-15192.012a.568.568,0,0,1-.236-.052.566.566,0,0,1-.271-.744l1.134-2.429h-5.505a.558.558,0,0,1-.557-.558.559.559,0,0,1,.557-.561h19a.559.559,0,0,1,.557.561.558.558,0,0,1-.557.558h-5.505l1.13,2.429a.552.552,0,0,1,.019.427.55.55,0,0,1-.29.313.547.547,0,0,1-.238.055.557.557,0,0,1-.5-.322l-1.355-2.9h-5.52l-1.352,2.9A.563.563,0,0,1,3356.437-15192.012Zm12.442-5.462h-15.645a2.236,2.236,0,0,1-2.233-2.233v-10.06a2.236,2.236,0,0,1,2.233-2.233h15.645a2.238,2.238,0,0,1,2.237,2.233v10.06A2.238,2.238,0,0,1,3368.88-15197.474Zm-4.842-11.732a1.112,1.112,0,0,0-.748.287l-4.986,4.486a1.143,1.143,0,0,0-.309.473l-1.577,2.727a.57.57,0,0,0,.034.61.552.552,0,0,0,.447.229.448.448,0,0,0,.126-.016.55.55,0,0,0,.13-.03l2.871-1.233a1.153,1.153,0,0,0,.523-.268l4.982-4.485a1.121,1.121,0,0,0,.084-1.581l-.748-.828A1.113,1.113,0,0,0,3364.038-15209.206Z"
                    transform="translate(-3351.001 15212)"
                  />
                </svg>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div
              v-if="chapter006.idOpenThree && questionData"
              class="tips-file"
            >
              <examinations
                :primaryColor="'#f49a4c'"
                :cardList="questionData[113]"
              />
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
@@ -1273,12 +1308,19 @@
</template>
<script>
import getResourcePath from "@/assets/methods/resources.js";
import getQuestionData from "@/assets/methods/examination.js";
import testData from "../js/examinationList.js";
import examinations from "@/components/examinations/index.vue";
export default {
  // eslint-disable-next-line vue/multi-word-component-names
  name: "chapter006",
  props: {
    showPageList: {
      type: Array,
    },
    questionData: {
      type: Object,
    },
  },
  data() {
    return {
      picOneUrl: require("../image/0112-1.jpg"),
@@ -1422,11 +1464,6 @@
    );
    this.chapter006.videOneUrl =
      "https://jsek.bnuic.com/file/api/ApiDownload?md5=04fafb0e896ffe0379edd6d695a92b13";
    this.chapter006.qustionData = await getQuestionData(
      "6",
      testData[6],
      this.config.activeBook
    );
  },
  methods: {
    activityOne() {
src/books/lifeCare/view/chapter007.vue
Diff too large
src/books/lifeCare/view/chapter008.vue
@@ -1,406 +1,447 @@
<template>
  <div class="chapter" num="9">
    <div class="page-box" page="137">
      <div class="bodystyle topImg">
        <h2 id="b008"><img class="img-0" alt="" src="../image/dy8.jpg" /></h2>
        <div class="bk">
          <div class="bj1">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/dy-xxmb.jpg" />
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(137) > -1">
        <div class="bodystyle topImg">
          <h2 id="b008"><img class="img-0" alt="" src="../image/dy8.jpg" /></h2>
          <div class="bk">
            <div class="bj1">
              <p class="left">
                <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/dy-xxmb.jpg" />
              </p>
            </div>
            <p class="block">通过本单元的学习,同学们应当达成如下学习目标。</p>
            <p class="block">
              1.做好离园前检查,包括婴幼儿的排便情况、喝水情况、穿衣物情况、身体情况、人数等。
            </p>
            <p class="block">2.根据离园交接流程组织婴幼儿有序离园。</p>
            <p class="block">
              3.在核查婴幼儿一日生活记录表的基础上与家长交流婴幼儿在园的表现。
            </p>
            <p class="block">4.通过离园环节培养婴幼儿良好的生活习惯。</p>
            <p class="block">5.实施离园后的清洁与消毒工作。</p>
            <p class="block">
              6.通过离园活动逐渐培养婴幼儿的良好习惯,做好回应性照护,引导婴幼儿逐步形成规则和安全意识。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p class="block">通过本单元的学习,同学们应当达成如下学习目标。</p>
          <p class="block">
            1.做好离园前检查,包括婴幼儿的排便情况、喝水情况、穿衣物情况、身体情况、人数等。
          </p>
          <p class="block">2.根据离园交接流程组织婴幼儿有序离园。</p>
          <p class="block">
            3.在核查婴幼儿一日生活记录表的基础上与家长交流婴幼儿在园的表现。
          </p>
          <p class="block">4.通过离园环节培养婴幼儿良好的生活习惯。</p>
          <p class="block">5.实施离园后的清洁与消毒工作。</p>
          <p class="block">
            6.通过离园活动逐渐培养婴幼儿的良好习惯,做好回应性照护,引导婴幼儿逐步形成规则和安全意识。
          </p>
        </div>
        <div class="bk">
          <div class="bj1">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/dy-xxjy.jpg" />
          <div class="bk">
            <div class="bj1">
              <p class="left">
                <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/dy-xxjy.jpg" />
              </p>
            </div>
            <p class="block">
              为了取得更好的学习效果,建议同学们在学习这部分内容时做到以下几点。
            </p>
            <p class="block">1.收集与婴幼儿离园活动相关的图片、视频和故事。</p>
            <p class="block">
              2.观摩托育园离园流程,或向有经验的托育园保教人员请教相关问题,加深对离园流程的认识。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              3.借助实习的机会,多观察婴幼儿离园照护环节,尝试协助组织离园活动。
            </p>
            <p class="block">建议学时:2学时。</p>
          </div>
          <p class="block">
            为了取得更好的学习效果,建议同学们在学习这部分内容时做到以下几点。
          </p>
          <p class="block">1.收集与婴幼儿离园活动相关的图片、视频和故事。</p>
          <p class="block">
            2.观摩托育园离园流程,或向有经验的托育园保教人员请教相关问题,加深对离园流程的认识。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            3.借助实习的机会,多观察婴幼儿离园照护环节,尝试协助组织离园活动。
          </p>
          <p class="block">建议学时:2学时。</p>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="138">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">第八单元·离园活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">1-133</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(138) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">第八单元·离园活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">1-133</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <div class="bk">
          <div class="bj1">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/dy-xxdh.jpg" />
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <div class="bk">
            <div class="bj1">
              <p class="left">
                <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/dy-xxdh.jpg" />
              </p>
            </div>
            <p class="center">
              <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0148-1.jpg" />
            </p>
          </div>
          <p class="center">
            <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0148-1.jpg" />
          </p>
        </div>
        <div class="bk">
          <div class="bj1">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/dy-qjgs.jpg" />
          <div class="bk">
            <div class="bj1">
              <p class="left">
                <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/dy-qjgs.jpg" />
              </p>
            </div>
            <p class="block">
              下午4点,托育园的璐璐老师在组织小朋友结束集体游戏后,引导小朋友坐在椅子上等待家长来接,她询问小朋友是否需要如厕以及喝水,并请有需求的举手示意,小朋友在得到老师允许后方可有序地如厕、喝水。璐璐老师提醒小朋友如厕后要洗手;引导要喝水的小朋友自主去拿自己的水壶饮水,饮水后再自主地将水壶放在柜子上;待所有小朋友结束如厕和饮水后,璐璐老师鼓励小朋友自己整理回家的书包、穿衣服和换鞋;帮助小朋友检查相关物品,穿好衣服和鞋子,引导小朋友排好队伍,提醒小朋友要有序地跟随老师走到园所的门口,不可以自行乱跑。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              同时,璐璐老师还安排了保育老师对教室进行清洁和消毒,鼓励小朋友在离园时和同伴、老师挥手说再见,帮助小朋友养成离园的好习惯。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              在门口等待家长时,璐璐老师安排班级内的副班老师一起照护小朋友,璐璐老师和先来接小朋友的家长进行短暂且有效的沟通,简单反馈小朋友一日生活的主要活动及事件,当家长想要了解更多、更细致的问题时,璐璐老师表示后续可以在微信或者邮件中给予回复。此时,副班老师则照看还未被接走的小朋友,防止场面失控、有小朋友偷跑出园所等情况的出现。璐璐老师和副班老师顺利送走所有小朋友之后,对教室进行了清洁与消毒,并做好了检查和记录工作。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p class="block">
            下午4点,托育园的璐璐老师在组织小朋友结束集体游戏后,引导小朋友坐在椅子上等待家长来接,她询问小朋友是否需要如厕以及喝水,并请有需求的举手示意,小朋友在得到老师允许后方可有序地如厕、喝水。璐璐老师提醒小朋友如厕后要洗手;引导要喝水的小朋友自主去拿自己的水壶饮水,饮水后再自主地将水壶放在柜子上;待所有小朋友结束如厕和饮水后,璐璐老师鼓励小朋友自己整理回家的书包、穿衣服和换鞋;帮助小朋友检查相关物品,穿好衣服和鞋子,引导小朋友排好队伍,提醒小朋友要有序地跟随老师走到园所的门口,不可以自行乱跑。
          <h3 id="c029">
            <span class="bk-h3"
              ><span class="bj1-h3">一</span>  离园前的准备 </span
            >
          </h3>
          <p>
            托育机构离园前的检查工作是体现托育机构专业、可信的重要标志之一。做好离园前的检查工作,不仅是保教人员对自己工作负责,更是对家长、对婴幼儿负责。通常情况下,保教人员应在婴幼儿离园前检查婴幼儿的身体情况、穿衣戴帽是否整齐等,是否有擦伤、碰伤,离园时可与家长解释,以免引起误会。保教人员还应检查婴幼儿是否携带玩具回家,应整理带回家的物品有哪些。此外,保教人员还要有意识地帮助婴幼儿养成良好的离园习惯,包括引导婴幼儿自主检查物品,礼貌地与同伴和老师告别等。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            同时,璐璐老师还安排了保育老师对教室进行清洁和消毒,鼓励小朋友在离园时和同伴、老师挥手说再见,帮助小朋友养成离园的好习惯。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            在门口等待家长时,璐璐老师安排班级内的副班老师一起照护小朋友,璐璐老师和先来接小朋友的家长进行短暂且有效的沟通,简单反馈小朋友一日生活的主要活动及事件,当家长想要了解更多、更细致的问题时,璐璐老师表示后续可以在微信或者邮件中给予回复。此时,副班老师则照看还未被接走的小朋友,防止场面失控、有小朋友偷跑出园所等情况的出现。璐璐老师和副班老师顺利送走所有小朋友之后,对教室进行了清洁与消毒,并做好了检查和记录工作。
          </p>
          <h4 id="d084">
            ▶▶ 活动1:准备离园前的物品<span class="fontsz1"
              >>>>>>>>></span
            >
          </h4>
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              托育园托大班的小朋友和往常一样上完了下午的课,老师告诉小朋友,如果想要小便就及时去厕所,其他小朋友要坐在自己的小板凳上等待家长来接。因为同一时间点来接小朋友的家长较多,老师忙着帮小朋友整理,可能会出现遗漏物品、拿错书包、给小朋友穿错裤子等情况。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p>根据上述情境,回答下列问题。</p>
        </div>
        <h3 id="c029">
          <span class="bk-h3"
            ><span class="bj1-h3">一</span>  离园前的准备 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <p>
          托育机构离园前的检查工作是体现托育机构专业、可信的重要标志之一。做好离园前的检查工作,不仅是保教人员对自己工作负责,更是对家长、对婴幼儿负责。通常情况下,保教人员应在婴幼儿离园前检查婴幼儿的身体情况、穿衣戴帽是否整齐等,是否有擦伤、碰伤,离园时可与家长解释,以免引起误会。保教人员还应检查婴幼儿是否携带玩具回家,应整理带回家的物品有哪些。此外,保教人员还要有意识地帮助婴幼儿养成良好的离园习惯,包括引导婴幼儿自主检查物品,礼貌地与同伴和老师告别等。
        </p>
        <h4 id="d084">
          ▶▶ 活动1:准备离园前的物品<span class="fontsz1"
            >>>>>>>>></span
          >
        </h4>
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            托育园托大班的小朋友和往常一样上完了下午的课,老师告诉小朋友,如果想要小便就及时去厕所,其他小朋友要坐在自己的小板凳上等待家长来接。因为同一时间点来接小朋友的家长较多,老师忙着帮小朋友整理,可能会出现遗漏物品、拿错书包、给小朋友穿错裤子等情况。
          </p>
        </div>
        <p>根据上述情境,回答下列问题。</p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="139">
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">1-134</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(139) > -1">
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">1-134</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>1.在上述情境中,出现遗漏物品、拿错书包这些情况的原因是什么?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter008.textAreaItem.text1"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text1')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>2.为了避免上述情境中的问题,在离园前应着重注意哪些方面的检查?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter008.textAreaItem.text2"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text2')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <h4 id="d085">
          ▶▶ 活动2:离园前的生活照护<span class="fontsz1"
            >>>>>>>>></span
          >
        </h4>
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述1 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            在1~12月龄的小宝班的婴儿离园前,保教人员会与婴儿亲切互动,稳定婴儿的情绪,帮助婴儿整理仪表,将婴儿的物品整理好,并对婴儿进行检查,如口袋里有没有小玩具、身上有没有伤口、衣裤有没有湿、尿不湿是否有大便或尿量多等。若婴儿的尿量较多,保教人员会及时帮婴儿换新的尿不湿。此外,保教人员还会帮助婴儿整理书包、换穿室外鞋,等待家长来接。
          </p>
        </div>
        <p>分析上述情境,完成下列实践活动。</p>
        <p>1.设计一张1~12月龄婴儿离园前生活照护清单(见表1-8-1)。</p>
        <p class="img">表1-8-1 1~12月龄婴儿离园前生活照护清单</p>
        <!-- <p class="center">
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>1.在上述情境中,出现遗漏物品、拿错书包这些情况的原因是什么?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter008.textAreaItem.text1"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text1')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>2.为了避免上述情境中的问题,在离园前应着重注意哪些方面的检查?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter008.textAreaItem.text2"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text2')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <h4 id="d085">
            ▶▶ 活动2:离园前的生活照护<span class="fontsz1"
              >>>>>>>>></span
            >
          </h4>
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述1 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              在1~12月龄的小宝班的婴儿离园前,保教人员会与婴儿亲切互动,稳定婴儿的情绪,帮助婴儿整理仪表,将婴儿的物品整理好,并对婴儿进行检查,如口袋里有没有小玩具、身上有没有伤口、衣裤有没有湿、尿不湿是否有大便或尿量多等。若婴儿的尿量较多,保教人员会及时帮婴儿换新的尿不湿。此外,保教人员还会帮助婴儿整理书包、换穿室外鞋,等待家长来接。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p>分析上述情境,完成下列实践活动。</p>
          <p>1.设计一张1~12月龄婴儿离园前生活照护清单(见表1-8-1)。</p>
          <p class="img">表1-8-1 1~12月龄婴儿离园前生活照护清单</p>
          <!-- <p class="center">
          <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0150-1.jpg" />
        </p> -->
        <div>
          <table class="table111 table122">
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th
                  :style="{
                    width: index == 3 ? '220px' : '',
                  }"
                  v-for="(header, index) in chapter008.headersData181"
                  :key="index"
          <div>
            <table class="table111 table122">
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th
                    :style="{
                      width: index == 3 ? '220px' : '',
                    }"
                    v-for="(header, index) in chapter008.headersData181"
                    :key="index"
                  >
                    {{ header }}
                  </th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr
                  v-for="(row, rowIndex) in chapter008.tableData181"
                  :key="rowIndex"
                >
                  {{ header }}
                </th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr
                v-for="(row, rowIndex) in chapter008.tableData181"
                :key="rowIndex"
              >
                <td v-for="(cell, cellIndex) in row" :key="cellIndex">
                  <template v-if="cell === ''">
                    <input
                      type="text"
                      v-model="chapter008.tableData181[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                      @blur="
                        updateCell181(rowIndex, cellIndex, $event.target.value)
                      "
                    />
                  </template>
                  <template v-else>
                    <input
                      type="text"
                      :value="chapter008.tableData181[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                      @blur="
                        updateCell181(rowIndex, cellIndex, $event.target.value)
                      "
                    />
                  </template>
                </td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
                  <td v-for="(cell, cellIndex) in row" :key="cellIndex">
                    <template v-if="cell === ''">
                      <input
                        type="text"
                        v-model="chapter008.tableData181[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                        @blur="
                          updateCell181(
                            rowIndex,
                            cellIndex,
                            $event.target.value
                          )
                        "
                      />
                    </template>
                    <template v-else>
                      <input
                        type="text"
                        :value="chapter008.tableData181[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                        @blur="
                          updateCell181(
                            rowIndex,
                            cellIndex,
                            $event.target.value
                          )
                        "
                      />
                    </template>
                  </td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="140">
      <!-- 奇数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">第八单元·离园活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">1-135</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(140) > -1">
        <!-- 奇数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">第八单元·离园活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">1-135</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>
          2.婴幼儿因其生理特点,在一开始是完全依赖成人的照护的,但随着其能力的发展,我们要有意识地培养他们的好习惯。请小组合作,分年龄段设计1~12月龄婴儿离园好习惯养成教育安排表(表1-8-2)。
        </p>
        <p class="img">表1-8-2 1~12月龄婴儿离园好习惯养成教育安排表</p>
        <!-- <p class="center">
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>
            2.婴幼儿因其生理特点,在一开始是完全依赖成人的照护的,但随着其能力的发展,我们要有意识地培养他们的好习惯。请小组合作,分年龄段设计1~12月龄婴儿离园好习惯养成教育安排表(表1-8-2)。
          </p>
          <p class="img">表1-8-2 1~12月龄婴儿离园好习惯养成教育安排表</p>
          <!-- <p class="center">
          <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0151-1.jpg" />
        </p> -->
        <div>
          <table class="table111 table122">
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th
                  :style="{
                    width: index == 3 ? '220px' : '',
                  }"
                  v-for="(header, index) in chapter008.headersData182"
                  :key="index"
          <div>
            <table class="table111 table122">
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th
                    :style="{
                      width: index == 3 ? '220px' : '',
                    }"
                    v-for="(header, index) in chapter008.headersData182"
                    :key="index"
                  >
                    {{ header }}
                  </th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr
                  v-for="(row, rowIndex) in chapter008.tableData182"
                  :key="rowIndex"
                >
                  {{ header }}
                </th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr
                v-for="(row, rowIndex) in chapter008.tableData182"
                :key="rowIndex"
              >
                <td v-for="(cell, cellIndex) in row" :key="cellIndex">
                  <template v-if="cell === ''">
                    <input
                      type="text"
                      v-model="chapter008.tableData182[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                      @blur="
                        updateCell182(rowIndex, cellIndex, $event.target.value)
                      "
                    />
                  </template>
                  <template v-else>
                    <input
                      type="text"
                      :value="chapter008.tableData182[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                      @blur="
                        updateCell182(rowIndex, cellIndex, $event.target.value)
                      "
                    />
                  </template>
                </td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
        </div>
        <p><br /></p>
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述2 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            在24~36月龄的幼儿离园前,保教人员会与幼儿亲切互动,帮助幼儿回顾一日生活中的活动与游戏,稳定幼儿的情绪,肯定他们的点滴进步。除了引导幼儿进行一日回顾外,保教人员还会指导幼儿自主整理仪表,提醒幼儿带好物品,对幼儿进行检查:如口袋里有没有小玩具、身上有没有伤口、衣裤有没有湿等。保教人员会提醒幼儿如厕,如厕后记得要洗手,并找到自己的擦手巾擦手。但在整理仪表环节中,幼儿因不完全具备整理技能,很容易系错扣子、穿反鞋子。
          </p>
        </div>
        <p>分析上述情境,完成下列实践活动。</p>
        <p>1.设计一张24~36月龄幼儿离园前生活照护清单(见表1-8-3)。</p>
        <p class="img">表1-8-3 24~36月龄幼儿离园前生活照护清单</p>
        <!-- <p class="center">
                  <td v-for="(cell, cellIndex) in row" :key="cellIndex">
                    <template v-if="cell === ''">
                      <input
                        type="text"
                        v-model="chapter008.tableData182[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                        @blur="
                          updateCell182(
                            rowIndex,
                            cellIndex,
                            $event.target.value
                          )
                        "
                      />
                    </template>
                    <template v-else>
                      <input
                        type="text"
                        :value="chapter008.tableData182[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                        @blur="
                          updateCell182(
                            rowIndex,
                            cellIndex,
                            $event.target.value
                          )
                        "
                      />
                    </template>
                  </td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
          </div>
          <p><br /></p>
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述2 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              在24~36月龄的幼儿离园前,保教人员会与幼儿亲切互动,帮助幼儿回顾一日生活中的活动与游戏,稳定幼儿的情绪,肯定他们的点滴进步。除了引导幼儿进行一日回顾外,保教人员还会指导幼儿自主整理仪表,提醒幼儿带好物品,对幼儿进行检查:如口袋里有没有小玩具、身上有没有伤口、衣裤有没有湿等。保教人员会提醒幼儿如厕,如厕后记得要洗手,并找到自己的擦手巾擦手。但在整理仪表环节中,幼儿因不完全具备整理技能,很容易系错扣子、穿反鞋子。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p>分析上述情境,完成下列实践活动。</p>
          <p>1.设计一张24~36月龄幼儿离园前生活照护清单(见表1-8-3)。</p>
          <p class="img">表1-8-3 24~36月龄幼儿离园前生活照护清单</p>
          <!-- <p class="center">
          <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0151-2.jpg" />
        </p> -->
        <div>
          <table class="table111 table122">
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th
                  :style="{
                    width: index == 3 ? '220px' : '',
                  }"
                  v-for="(header, index) in chapter008.headersData183"
                  :key="index"
          <div>
            <table class="table111 table122">
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th
                    :style="{
                      width: index == 3 ? '220px' : '',
                    }"
                    v-for="(header, index) in chapter008.headersData183"
                    :key="index"
                  >
                    {{ header }}
                  </th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr
                  v-for="(row, rowIndex) in chapter008.tableData183"
                  :key="rowIndex"
                >
                  {{ header }}
                </th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr
                v-for="(row, rowIndex) in chapter008.tableData183"
                :key="rowIndex"
              >
                <td v-for="(cell, cellIndex) in row" :key="cellIndex">
                  <template v-if="cell === ''">
                    <input
                      type="text"
                      v-model="chapter008.tableData183[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                      @blur="
                        updateCell183(rowIndex, cellIndex, $event.target.value)
                      "
                    />
                  </template>
                  <template v-else>
                    <input
                      type="text"
                      :value="chapter008.tableData183[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                      @blur="
                        updateCell183(rowIndex, cellIndex, $event.target.value)
                      "
                    />
                  </template>
                </td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
                  <td v-for="(cell, cellIndex) in row" :key="cellIndex">
                    <template v-if="cell === ''">
                      <input
                        type="text"
                        v-model="chapter008.tableData183[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                        @blur="
                          updateCell183(
                            rowIndex,
                            cellIndex,
                            $event.target.value
                          )
                        "
                      />
                    </template>
                    <template v-else>
                      <input
                        type="text"
                        :value="chapter008.tableData183[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                        @blur="
                          updateCell183(
                            rowIndex,
                            cellIndex,
                            $event.target.value
                          )
                        "
                      />
                    </template>
                  </td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
          </div>
          <p>
            2.请小组合作,分年龄段设计24~36月龄幼儿离园好习惯养成教育安排表(见表1-8-4)。
          </p>
        </div>
        <p>
          2.请小组合作,分年龄段设计24~36月龄幼儿离园好习惯养成教育安排表(见表1-8-4)。
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="141">
      <!-- 偶数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">1-136</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(141) > -1">
        <!-- 偶数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">1-136</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p class="img">表1-8-4 24~36月龄幼儿离园好习惯养成教育安排表</p>
        <!-- <p class="center">
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p class="img">表1-8-4 24~36月龄幼儿离园好习惯养成教育安排表</p>
          <!-- <p class="center">
          <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0152-1.jpg" />
        </p> -->
        <div>
          <table class="table111 table122">
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th
                  :style="{
                    width: index == 3 ? '220px' : '',
                  }"
                  v-for="(header, index) in chapter008.headersData184"
                  :key="index"
          <div>
            <table class="table111 table122">
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th
                    :style="{
                      width: index == 3 ? '220px' : '',
                    }"
                    v-for="(header, index) in chapter008.headersData184"
                    :key="index"
                  >
                    {{ header }}
                  </th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr
                  v-for="(row, rowIndex) in chapter008.tableData184"
                  :key="rowIndex"
                >
                  {{ header }}
                </th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr
                v-for="(row, rowIndex) in chapter008.tableData184"
                :key="rowIndex"
              >
                <td v-for="(cell, cellIndex) in row" :key="cellIndex">
                  <template v-if="cell === ''">
                    <input
                      type="text"
                      v-model="chapter008.tableData184[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                      @blur="
                        updateCell184(rowIndex, cellIndex, $event.target.value)
                      "
                    />
                  </template>
                  <template v-else>
                    <input
                      type="text"
                      :value="chapter008.tableData184[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                      @blur="
                        updateCell184(rowIndex, cellIndex, $event.target.value)
                      "
                    />
                  </template>
                </td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
        </div>
        <h3 id="c030">
          <span class="bk-h3"
            ><span class="bj1-h3">二</span>  组织离园活动 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <!-- <p><br /></p>
                  <td v-for="(cell, cellIndex) in row" :key="cellIndex">
                    <template v-if="cell === ''">
                      <input
                        type="text"
                        v-model="chapter008.tableData184[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                        @blur="
                          updateCell184(
                            rowIndex,
                            cellIndex,
                            $event.target.value
                          )
                        "
                      />
                    </template>
                    <template v-else>
                      <input
                        type="text"
                        :value="chapter008.tableData184[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                        @blur="
                          updateCell184(
                            rowIndex,
                            cellIndex,
                            $event.target.value
                          )
                        "
                      />
                    </template>
                  </td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
          </div>
          <h3 id="c030">
            <span class="bk-h3"
              ><span class="bj1-h3">二</span>  组织离园活动 </span
            >
          </h3>
          <!-- <p><br /></p>
        <div class="bk-sys">
          <div class="bj1-sys">
            <p class="left">
@@ -412,249 +453,257 @@
          </p>
          <p class="img">离园</p>
        </div> -->
        <!-- <p><br /></p> -->
        <div class="tips-bk" style="margin-top: 80px">
          <div class="bj-tip">
            视频:离园
            <div @click="activityOne">
              <svg
                xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
                xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
                width="20.863"
                height="20.817"
                viewBox="0 0 19.863 13.817"
              >
                <g transform="translate(-40.961 -184.321)">
                  <path
                    class="a"
                    d="M4.647,1.4a1,1,0,0,1,1.707,0L10.07,7.479A1,1,0,0,1,9.217,9H1.783A1,1,0,0,1,.93,7.479Z"
                    transform="translate(51.824 196.82) rotate(-90)"
                  />
                  <path
                    class="b"
                    d="M3322.914-15094.863h-10.363a2.593,2.593,0,0,1-2.59-2.59v-8.638a2.593,2.593,0,0,1,2.59-2.59h10.363a2.6,2.6,0,0,1,2.594,2.59v1.729c.013.027,0,3.6,0,5.141v1.769A2.6,2.6,0,0,1,3322.914-15094.863Zm-6.9-9.933a.862.862,0,0,0-.755.468.947.947,0,0,0-.114.455v4.2a.9.9,0,0,0,.868.922.848.848,0,0,0,.432-.121l3.45-2.12a.956.956,0,0,0,.315-1.259.874.874,0,0,0-.322-.341l-3.451-2.086A.813.813,0,0,0,3316.01-15104.8Z"
                    transform="translate(-3269 15293.001)"
                  />
                </g>
              </svg>
          <!-- <p><br /></p> -->
          <div class="tips-bk" style="margin-top: 80px">
            <div class="bj-tip">
              视频:离园
              <div @click="activityOne">
                <svg
                  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
                  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
                  width="20.863"
                  height="20.817"
                  viewBox="0 0 19.863 13.817"
                >
                  <g transform="translate(-40.961 -184.321)">
                    <path
                      class="a"
                      d="M4.647,1.4a1,1,0,0,1,1.707,0L10.07,7.479A1,1,0,0,1,9.217,9H1.783A1,1,0,0,1,.93,7.479Z"
                      transform="translate(51.824 196.82) rotate(-90)"
                    />
                    <path
                      class="b"
                      d="M3322.914-15094.863h-10.363a2.593,2.593,0,0,1-2.59-2.59v-8.638a2.593,2.593,0,0,1,2.59-2.59h10.363a2.6,2.6,0,0,1,2.594,2.59v1.729c.013.027,0,3.6,0,5.141v1.769A2.6,2.6,0,0,1,3322.914-15094.863Zm-6.9-9.933a.862.862,0,0,0-.755.468.947.947,0,0,0-.114.455v4.2a.9.9,0,0,0,.868.922.848.848,0,0,0,.432-.121l3.45-2.12a.956.956,0,0,0,.315-1.259.874.874,0,0,0-.322-.341l-3.451-2.086A.813.813,0,0,0,3316.01-15104.8Z"
                      transform="translate(-3269 15293.001)"
                    />
                  </g>
                </svg>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div
              class="tips-file"
              v-if="chapter008.isOpenOne && chapter008.videOneUrl"
            >
              <video
                webkit-playsinline="true"
                x-webkit-airplay="true"
                playsinline="true"
                x5-video-orientation="h5"
                x5-video-player-fullscreen="true"
                x5-playsinline=""
                controls
                class="video-border w100"
                :src="chapter008.videOneUrl"
              ></video>
            </div>
          </div>
          <div
            class="tips-file"
            v-if="chapter008.isOpenOne && chapter008.videOneUrl"
          >
            <video
              webkit-playsinline="true"
              x-webkit-airplay="true"
              playsinline="true"
              x5-video-orientation="h5"
              x5-video-player-fullscreen="true"
              x5-playsinline=""
              controls
              class="video-border w100"
              :src="chapter008.videOneUrl"
            ></video>
          <p><br /></p>
          <p>
            在婴幼儿离园环节中,保教人员要做好一日生活总结以及家园沟通,向家长反馈婴幼儿的一日生活和学习情况。在离园流程方面,保教人员要合理分工、站位组织婴幼儿有序离园;做好有特殊情况的婴幼儿在离园环节的交接安排工作;做好因故由他人代接的婴幼儿的交接工作。
          </p>
          <h4 id="d086">
            ▶▶ 活动1:组织婴幼儿有序离园<span class="fontsz1"
              >>>>>>>>></span
            >
          </h4>
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述1 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              在婴幼儿离园环节中,家长和孩子的情绪都比较兴奋,保教人员因需要帮助婴幼儿做好离园前的准备。面对来接孩子的家长,保教人员需要一边进行短暂的家园沟通,一边关注身边孩子的一举一动,有时候会出现离园场面较紧张和混乱的现象。某托育园的保教人员因没有及时看好2岁的田田,导致田田跑出托育园大门时被来往的车辆撞倒了。
            </p>
          </div>
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述2 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              园所大门外会聚集很多的家长,有的家长在等待时会焦急地挤在人群的前面,当孩子出来后,有的家长看到自己的孩子就忙着打招呼,孩子看到家长后会兴奋地冲向人群。保教人员要一边关注身边孩子的一举一动,一边用目光追随跑走的孩子,此时,可能会忽视有特殊照护需要的孩子。这些孩子容易情绪紧张,进而出现哭和喊叫的情况,使离园场面混乱并且存在安全隐患。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p>分析以上情境,小组讨论并回答以下问题。</p>
        </div>
        <p><br /></p>
        <p>
          在婴幼儿离园环节中,保教人员要做好一日生活总结以及家园沟通,向家长反馈婴幼儿的一日生活和学习情况。在离园流程方面,保教人员要合理分工、站位组织婴幼儿有序离园;做好有特殊情况的婴幼儿在离园环节的交接安排工作;做好因故由他人代接的婴幼儿的交接工作。
        </p>
        <h4 id="d086">
          ▶▶ 活动1:组织婴幼儿有序离园<span class="fontsz1"
            >>>>>>>>></span
          >
        </h4>
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述1 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            在婴幼儿离园环节中,家长和孩子的情绪都比较兴奋,保教人员因需要帮助婴幼儿做好离园前的准备。面对来接孩子的家长,保教人员需要一边进行短暂的家园沟通,一边关注身边孩子的一举一动,有时候会出现离园场面较紧张和混乱的现象。某托育园的保教人员因没有及时看好2岁的田田,导致田田跑出托育园大门时被来往的车辆撞倒了。
          </p>
        </div>
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述2 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            园所大门外会聚集很多的家长,有的家长在等待时会焦急地挤在人群的前面,当孩子出来后,有的家长看到自己的孩子就忙着打招呼,孩子看到家长后会兴奋地冲向人群。保教人员要一边关注身边孩子的一举一动,一边用目光追随跑走的孩子,此时,可能会忽视有特殊照护需要的孩子。这些孩子容易情绪紧张,进而出现哭和喊叫的情况,使离园场面混乱并且存在安全隐患。
          </p>
        </div>
        <p>分析以上情境,小组讨论并回答以下问题。</p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="142">
      <!-- 奇数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">第八单元·离园活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">1-137</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(142) > -1">
        <!-- 奇数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">第八单元·离园活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">1-137</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>1.婴幼儿离园活动的目标是什么?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter008.textAreaItem.text3"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text3')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>2.离园环节的安全隐患有哪些?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter008.textAreaItem.text4"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text4')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>3.如何合理、有序地安排离园环节的工作?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter008.textAreaItem.text5"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text5')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <h4 id="d087">
          ▶▶ 活动2:离园时的家园沟通<span class="fontsz1"
            >>>>>>>>></span
          >
        </h4>
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            以下是某托育园6~12月龄小宝班的老师在离园时开展家园沟通的内容。
          </p>
          <p class="block">琪琪妈妈:“老师,今天我走后琪琪表现得怎么样啊?”</p>
          <p class="block">
            老师:“琪琪妈妈,早上琪琪和您分开时哭了一会儿,之后我陪她玩了一会儿玩具,她就不哭了。琪琪今天表现得挺不错的。”
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            琪琪妈妈(看向琪琪):“琪琪真棒呀。今天午睡睡得好吗?”
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            老师:“今天琪琪入睡还是比较快的,睡觉也很安稳,老师轻轻拍了拍就睡着了。她中间没有醒来,睡了足足两个小时。”
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            琪琪妈妈:“我很担心她会经常哭,怕她还不适应,不过听您这么说,她这周的表现似乎比上周好一点。”
          </p>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>1.婴幼儿离园活动的目标是什么?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter008.textAreaItem.text3"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text3')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>2.离园环节的安全隐患有哪些?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter008.textAreaItem.text4"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text4')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>3.如何合理、有序地安排离园环节的工作?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter008.textAreaItem.text5"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text5')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <h4 id="d087">
            ▶▶ 活动2:离园时的家园沟通<span class="fontsz1"
              >>>>>>>>></span
            >
          </h4>
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              以下是某托育园6~12月龄小宝班的老师在离园时开展家园沟通的内容。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              琪琪妈妈:“老师,今天我走后琪琪表现得怎么样啊?”
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              老师:“琪琪妈妈,早上琪琪和您分开时哭了一会儿,之后我陪她玩了一会儿玩具,她就不哭了。琪琪今天表现得挺不错的。”
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              琪琪妈妈(看向琪琪):“琪琪真棒呀。今天午睡睡得好吗?”
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              老师:“今天琪琪入睡还是比较快的,睡觉也很安稳,老师轻轻拍了拍就睡着了。她中间没有醒来,睡了足足两个小时。”
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              琪琪妈妈:“我很担心她会经常哭,怕她还不适应,不过听您这么说,她这周的表现似乎比上周好一点。”
            </p>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="143">
      <!-- 偶数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">1-138</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(143) > -1">
        <!-- 偶数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">1-138</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="block">
            老师:“您不用过于担心,刚刚入园的两周会有不适应的现象,这很正常,适应是需要一个过程的。”
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="block">
              老师:“您不用过于担心,刚刚入园的两周会有不适应的现象,这很正常,适应是需要一个过程的。”
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              琪琪妈妈:“您说得也有道理,那今天琪琪的大小便情况怎么样啊?”
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              老师:“今天琪琪尿了4次,尿量不太多;她拉了1次,大便是成形的。您看,这一份是琪琪今天的一日生活记录表,里面记录了琪琪的日常情况。另外,这是我们和琪琪一起完成的艺术作品。”
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              琪琪妈妈:“好的,谢谢老师,太全面了。太好了,那我先接琪琪回家,后续我有问题再与您联系,再见。”
            </p>
            <p class="block">琪琪妈妈:“琪琪,和老师说再见。”</p>
            <p class="block">琪琪:“老师再见!”</p>
            <p class="block">老师:“琪琪再见!”</p>
          </div>
          <p>分析上述情境,先回答问题再设计相关记录表。</p>
          <p>1.对于小月龄婴儿的家长,在家园沟通中应侧重哪些要点进行反馈?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter008.textAreaItem.text6"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text6')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>2.请设计6~12月龄婴儿的一日生活记录表。</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <p><br /></p>
            <p><br /></p>
            <p><br /></p>
          </div>
          <h3 id="c031">
            <span class="bk-h3"
              ><span class="bj1-h3">三</span>  离园后的清洁与消毒 </span
            >
          </h3>
          <p>
            托育园是婴幼儿生活、学习和游戏的主要场所,托育园的清洁与消毒工作直接关系到婴幼儿健康。托育园日常清洁消毒应依照《托儿所幼儿园卫生保健工作规范》,定期进行预防性消毒,在传染病流行季节每日适当增加消毒次数。寝室的床铺和被褥应保持卫生、整洁。餐桌、床围栏、门把手和水龙头等物体表面应每天用清水擦拭,地面要保持清洁。婴幼儿的用具、玩具
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            琪琪妈妈:“您说得也有道理,那今天琪琪的大小便情况怎么样啊?”
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            老师:“今天琪琪尿了4次,尿量不太多;她拉了1次,大便是成形的。您看,这一份是琪琪今天的一日生活记录表,里面记录了琪琪的日常情况。另外,这是我们和琪琪一起完成的艺术作品。”
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            琪琪妈妈:“好的,谢谢老师,太全面了。太好了,那我先接琪琪回家,后续我有问题再与您联系,再见。”
          </p>
          <p class="block">琪琪妈妈:“琪琪,和老师说再见。”</p>
          <p class="block">琪琪:“老师再见!”</p>
          <p class="block">老师:“琪琪再见!”</p>
        </div>
        <p>分析上述情境,先回答问题再设计相关记录表。</p>
        <p>1.对于小月龄婴儿的家长,在家园沟通中应侧重哪些要点进行反馈?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter008.textAreaItem.text6"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text6')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>2.请设计6~12月龄婴儿的一日生活记录表。</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <p><br /></p>
          <p><br /></p>
          <p><br /></p>
        </div>
        <h3 id="c031">
          <span class="bk-h3"
            ><span class="bj1-h3">三</span>  离园后的清洁与消毒 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <p>
          托育园是婴幼儿生活、学习和游戏的主要场所,托育园的清洁与消毒工作直接关系到婴幼儿健康。托育园日常清洁消毒应依照《托儿所幼儿园卫生保健工作规范》,定期进行预防性消毒,在传染病流行季节每日适当增加消毒次数。寝室的床铺和被褥应保持卫生、整洁。餐桌、床围栏、门把手和水龙头等物体表面应每天用清水擦拭,地面要保持清洁。婴幼儿的用具、玩具
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="144">
      <!-- 奇数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">第八单元·离园活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">1-139</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(144) > -1">
        <!-- 奇数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">第八单元·离园活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">1-139</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>
          每周应至少清洁消毒1次,传染病流行季节应每日清洁消毒1次。要切实做好清洁与消毒工作。
        </p>
        <h4 id="d088">
          ▶▶ 活动1:奶瓶的清洁与消毒<span class="fontsz1"
            >>>>>>>>></span
          >
        </h4>
        <p><b>①活动准备</b></p>
        <p>
          1.掌握阅读手册和《托儿所幼儿园卫生保健工作规范》中有关托育机构消毒的知识。
        </p>
        <p>2.物品准备:奶瓶刷、小毛刷、奶瓶夹、锅、小盆、纱布、小毛巾。</p>
        <p>
          3.操作人员准备:清洗双手,用肥皂、流动水洗净双手,整理仪表,不戴戒指,不留长指甲,不披长发,不穿高跟鞋和拖鞋。
        </p>
        <p><b>②活动过程</b></p>
        <p>
          1.清洁。将奶瓶的所有组件包括奶瓶、瓶盖、奶嘴、套环全部拆开,逐一用刷子刷去残留的乳汁,然后用水冲洗干净。奶嘴洞、奶嘴内侧及奶瓶盖的沟纹处,宜用小刷子刷洗。
        </p>
        <p>
          2.消毒。将奶瓶放入消毒锅内煮5~10分钟,用纱布包住奶嘴及瓶盖煮3分钟。
        </p>
        <p>
          3.放置。消毒后,用夹子取出,放在干净的盘中沥干水分,将晾干后的奶嘴套在奶瓶盖上,放入专用小盆中,盖上小毛巾备用。
        </p>
        <p>4.整理。清洁整理所用物品,摆放整齐。</p>
        <!-- <p><br /></p>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>
            每周应至少清洁消毒1次,传染病流行季节应每日清洁消毒1次。要切实做好清洁与消毒工作。
          </p>
          <h4 id="d088">
            ▶▶ 活动1:奶瓶的清洁与消毒<span class="fontsz1"
              >>>>>>>>></span
            >
          </h4>
          <p><b>①活动准备</b></p>
          <p>
            1.掌握阅读手册和《托儿所幼儿园卫生保健工作规范》中有关托育机构消毒的知识。
          </p>
          <p>2.物品准备:奶瓶刷、小毛刷、奶瓶夹、锅、小盆、纱布、小毛巾。</p>
          <p>
            3.操作人员准备:清洗双手,用肥皂、流动水洗净双手,整理仪表,不戴戒指,不留长指甲,不披长发,不穿高跟鞋和拖鞋。
          </p>
          <p><b>②活动过程</b></p>
          <p>
            1.清洁。将奶瓶的所有组件包括奶瓶、瓶盖、奶嘴、套环全部拆开,逐一用刷子刷去残留的乳汁,然后用水冲洗干净。奶嘴洞、奶嘴内侧及奶瓶盖的沟纹处,宜用小刷子刷洗。
          </p>
          <p>
            2.消毒。将奶瓶放入消毒锅内煮5~10分钟,用纱布包住奶嘴及瓶盖煮3分钟。
          </p>
          <p>
            3.放置。消毒后,用夹子取出,放在干净的盘中沥干水分,将晾干后的奶嘴套在奶瓶盖上,放入专用小盆中,盖上小毛巾备用。
          </p>
          <p>4.整理。清洁整理所用物品,摆放整齐。</p>
          <!-- <p><br /></p>
        <div class="bk-sys">
          <div class="bj1-sys">
            <p class="left">
@@ -666,55 +715,55 @@
          </p>
          <p class="img">奶瓶的清洁与消毒</p>
        </div> -->
        <div class="tips-bk">
          <div class="bj-tip">
            视频:奶瓶的清洁与消毒
            <div @click="activityTwo">
              <svg
                xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
                xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
                width="20.863"
                height="20.817"
                viewBox="0 0 19.863 13.817"
              >
                <g transform="translate(-40.961 -184.321)">
                  <path
                    class="a"
                    d="M4.647,1.4a1,1,0,0,1,1.707,0L10.07,7.479A1,1,0,0,1,9.217,9H1.783A1,1,0,0,1,.93,7.479Z"
                    transform="translate(51.824 196.82) rotate(-90)"
                  />
                  <path
                    class="b"
                    d="M3322.914-15094.863h-10.363a2.593,2.593,0,0,1-2.59-2.59v-8.638a2.593,2.593,0,0,1,2.59-2.59h10.363a2.6,2.6,0,0,1,2.594,2.59v1.729c.013.027,0,3.6,0,5.141v1.769A2.6,2.6,0,0,1,3322.914-15094.863Zm-6.9-9.933a.862.862,0,0,0-.755.468.947.947,0,0,0-.114.455v4.2a.9.9,0,0,0,.868.922.848.848,0,0,0,.432-.121l3.45-2.12a.956.956,0,0,0,.315-1.259.874.874,0,0,0-.322-.341l-3.451-2.086A.813.813,0,0,0,3316.01-15104.8Z"
                    transform="translate(-3269 15293.001)"
                  />
                </g>
              </svg>
          <div class="tips-bk">
            <div class="bj-tip">
              视频:奶瓶的清洁与消毒
              <div @click="activityTwo">
                <svg
                  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
                  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
                  width="20.863"
                  height="20.817"
                  viewBox="0 0 19.863 13.817"
                >
                  <g transform="translate(-40.961 -184.321)">
                    <path
                      class="a"
                      d="M4.647,1.4a1,1,0,0,1,1.707,0L10.07,7.479A1,1,0,0,1,9.217,9H1.783A1,1,0,0,1,.93,7.479Z"
                      transform="translate(51.824 196.82) rotate(-90)"
                    />
                    <path
                      class="b"
                      d="M3322.914-15094.863h-10.363a2.593,2.593,0,0,1-2.59-2.59v-8.638a2.593,2.593,0,0,1,2.59-2.59h10.363a2.6,2.6,0,0,1,2.594,2.59v1.729c.013.027,0,3.6,0,5.141v1.769A2.6,2.6,0,0,1,3322.914-15094.863Zm-6.9-9.933a.862.862,0,0,0-.755.468.947.947,0,0,0-.114.455v4.2a.9.9,0,0,0,.868.922.848.848,0,0,0,.432-.121l3.45-2.12a.956.956,0,0,0,.315-1.259.874.874,0,0,0-.322-.341l-3.451-2.086A.813.813,0,0,0,3316.01-15104.8Z"
                      transform="translate(-3269 15293.001)"
                    />
                  </g>
                </svg>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div
              class="tips-file"
              v-if="chapter008.isOpenTwo && chapter008.videoTwoUrl"
            >
              <video
                webkit-playsinline="true"
                x-webkit-airplay="true"
                playsinline="true"
                x5-video-orientation="h5"
                x5-video-player-fullscreen="true"
                x5-playsinline=""
                controls
                class="video-border w100"
                :src="chapter008.videoTwoUrl"
              ></video>
            </div>
          </div>
          <div
            class="tips-file"
            v-if="chapter008.isOpenTwo && chapter008.videoTwoUrl"
          >
            <video
              webkit-playsinline="true"
              x-webkit-airplay="true"
              playsinline="true"
              x5-video-orientation="h5"
              x5-video-player-fullscreen="true"
              x5-playsinline=""
              controls
              class="video-border w100"
              :src="chapter008.videoTwoUrl"
            ></video>
          </div>
        </div>
        <p><br /></p>
        <p><b>③实训练习</b></p>
        <p>
          2~4人为一组开展实训操作,其中一人操作,其他同学观摩。操作者一边实操一边讲解操作要领,其他同学按照清洁与消毒奶瓶的评分标准给操作者打分。
        </p>
        <!-- <p><br /></p>
          <p><br /></p>
          <p><b>③实训练习</b></p>
          <p>
            2~4人为一组开展实训操作,其中一人操作,其他同学观摩。操作者一边实操一边讲解操作要领,其他同学按照清洁与消毒奶瓶的评分标准给操作者打分。
          </p>
          <!-- <p><br /></p>
        <div class="bk-sys">
          <div class="bj1-sys">
            <p class="left">
@@ -726,45 +775,148 @@
          </p>
          <p class="img">清洁与消毒奶瓶的评分标准</p>
        </div> -->
        <div class="tips-bk">
          <div class="bj-tip">
            用勺进餐指导的评分标准
            <div @click="activityScore1">
              <svg
                xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
                width="19.28"
                height="20.563"
                viewBox="0 0 19.28 20.563"
              >
                <g transform="translate(-109.056 -82.941)">
                  <path
                    class="a"
                    d="M3439.656-15185.7h-12.643a1.815,1.815,0,0,1-1.816-1.81v-16.944a1.83,1.83,0,0,1,1.816-1.809h15.674a1.8,1.8,0,0,1,1.79,1.809v13.93h-4.217a.6.6,0,0,0-.6.6v4.217h0Zm-9.819-2.764a.5.5,0,0,0-.5.5.5.5,0,0,0,.5.5h4a.5.5,0,0,0,.5-.5.5.5,0,0,0-.5-.5Zm0-2a.5.5,0,0,0-.5.5.5.5,0,0,0,.5.5h4a.5.5,0,0,0,.5-.5.5.5,0,0,0-.5-.5Zm1.393-8.525a2.416,2.416,0,0,0-2.416,2.411,2.421,2.421,0,0,0,2.416,2.42h.111a1.8,1.8,0,0,0,1.1,1.1,1.809,1.809,0,0,0,.6.107,1.808,1.808,0,0,0,1.7-1.206h4.072l-.172.172a.635.635,0,0,0-.179.454.569.569,0,0,0,.179.4.637.637,0,0,0,.435.176.6.6,0,0,0,.424-.176l1.2-1.214a.618.618,0,0,0,0-.858l-1.2-1.187a.619.619,0,0,0-.431-.176.6.6,0,0,0-.427.176.615.615,0,0,0,0,.854l.172.176h-4.072a1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.1-1.1,1.755,1.755,0,0,0-.6-.1,1.808,1.808,0,0,0-1.7,1.206h-.111a.554.554,0,0,1-.145-.016,1.2,1.2,0,0,1-.84-.4,1.217,1.217,0,0,1-.3-.878,1.2,1.2,0,0,1,1.206-1.137.407.407,0,0,1,.069,0h3.729a1.807,1.807,0,0,0,1.118,1.114,1.816,1.816,0,0,0,.576.091,1.789,1.789,0,0,0,1.7-1.205h.309a2.415,2.415,0,0,0,1.679-.775,2.407,2.407,0,0,0,.637-1.729,2.411,2.411,0,0,0-2.419-2.324h-6.213a1.821,1.821,0,0,0-1.107-1.1,1.8,1.8,0,0,0-.6-.1,1.814,1.814,0,0,0-1.706,1.2,1.8,1.8,0,0,0,.077,1.389,1.787,1.787,0,0,0,1.026.92,1.841,1.841,0,0,0,.6.1,1.807,1.807,0,0,0,1.706-1.2h6.266a1.179,1.179,0,0,1,.836.4,1.22,1.22,0,0,1,.305.874,1.213,1.213,0,0,1-1.214,1.146h-.172a1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.118-1.118,1.711,1.711,0,0,0-.576-.1,1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.706,1.214Z"
                    transform="translate(-3316.14 15289.201)"
                  />
                  <path
                    class="a"
                    d="M316.806,239.727a.6.6,0,1,0,.6-.6A.6.6,0,0,0,316.806,239.727Zm-5.421-4.207a.6.6,0,1,0,.6.6A.587.587,0,0,0,311.385,235.52Zm2.4,8.438a.607.607,0,1,0-.6-.613A.621.621,0,0,0,313.789,243.958Z"
                    transform="translate(-196.896 -148.921)"
                  />
                  <path
                    class="a"
                    d="M763.392,793.79l3.262-3.262h-3.262Z"
                    transform="translate(-638.661 -690.634)"
                  />
                </g>
              </svg>
          <div class="tips-bk">
            <div class="bj-tip">
              用勺进餐指导的评分标准
              <div @click="activityScore1">
                <svg
                  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
                  width="19.28"
                  height="20.563"
                  viewBox="0 0 19.28 20.563"
                >
                  <g transform="translate(-109.056 -82.941)">
                    <path
                      class="a"
                      d="M3439.656-15185.7h-12.643a1.815,1.815,0,0,1-1.816-1.81v-16.944a1.83,1.83,0,0,1,1.816-1.809h15.674a1.8,1.8,0,0,1,1.79,1.809v13.93h-4.217a.6.6,0,0,0-.6.6v4.217h0Zm-9.819-2.764a.5.5,0,0,0-.5.5.5.5,0,0,0,.5.5h4a.5.5,0,0,0,.5-.5.5.5,0,0,0-.5-.5Zm0-2a.5.5,0,0,0-.5.5.5.5,0,0,0,.5.5h4a.5.5,0,0,0,.5-.5.5.5,0,0,0-.5-.5Zm1.393-8.525a2.416,2.416,0,0,0-2.416,2.411,2.421,2.421,0,0,0,2.416,2.42h.111a1.8,1.8,0,0,0,1.1,1.1,1.809,1.809,0,0,0,.6.107,1.808,1.808,0,0,0,1.7-1.206h4.072l-.172.172a.635.635,0,0,0-.179.454.569.569,0,0,0,.179.4.637.637,0,0,0,.435.176.6.6,0,0,0,.424-.176l1.2-1.214a.618.618,0,0,0,0-.858l-1.2-1.187a.619.619,0,0,0-.431-.176.6.6,0,0,0-.427.176.615.615,0,0,0,0,.854l.172.176h-4.072a1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.1-1.1,1.755,1.755,0,0,0-.6-.1,1.808,1.808,0,0,0-1.7,1.206h-.111a.554.554,0,0,1-.145-.016,1.2,1.2,0,0,1-.84-.4,1.217,1.217,0,0,1-.3-.878,1.2,1.2,0,0,1,1.206-1.137.407.407,0,0,1,.069,0h3.729a1.807,1.807,0,0,0,1.118,1.114,1.816,1.816,0,0,0,.576.091,1.789,1.789,0,0,0,1.7-1.205h.309a2.415,2.415,0,0,0,1.679-.775,2.407,2.407,0,0,0,.637-1.729,2.411,2.411,0,0,0-2.419-2.324h-6.213a1.821,1.821,0,0,0-1.107-1.1,1.8,1.8,0,0,0-.6-.1,1.814,1.814,0,0,0-1.706,1.2,1.8,1.8,0,0,0,.077,1.389,1.787,1.787,0,0,0,1.026.92,1.841,1.841,0,0,0,.6.1,1.807,1.807,0,0,0,1.706-1.2h6.266a1.179,1.179,0,0,1,.836.4,1.22,1.22,0,0,1,.305.874,1.213,1.213,0,0,1-1.214,1.146h-.172a1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.118-1.118,1.711,1.711,0,0,0-.576-.1,1.8,1.8,0,0,0-1.706,1.214Z"
                      transform="translate(-3316.14 15289.201)"
                    />
                    <path
                      class="a"
                      d="M316.806,239.727a.6.6,0,1,0,.6-.6A.6.6,0,0,0,316.806,239.727Zm-5.421-4.207a.6.6,0,1,0,.6.6A.587.587,0,0,0,311.385,235.52Zm2.4,8.438a.607.607,0,1,0-.6-.613A.621.621,0,0,0,313.789,243.958Z"
                      transform="translate(-196.896 -148.921)"
                    />
                    <path
                      class="a"
                      d="M763.392,793.79l3.262-3.262h-3.262Z"
                      transform="translate(-638.661 -690.634)"
                    />
                  </g>
                </svg>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div v-if="chapter008.isScore1Open" class="tips-file">
              <table class="table111 table122">
                <thead>
                  <tr>
                    <th
                      :style="{
                        width: index == 1 ? '100px' : '',
                      }"
                      v-for="(header, index) in chapter008.publicHeader"
                      :key="index"
                    >
                      {{ header }}
                    </th>
                  </tr>
                </thead>
                <tbody>
                  <tr
                    v-for="(row, rowIndex) in chapter008.scoreData1"
                    :key="rowIndex"
                  >
                    <td v-for="(cell, cellIndex) in row" :key="cellIndex">
                      <template v-if="cell === ''">
                        <input
                          type="text"
                          v-model="chapter008.scoreData1[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                          @blur="
                            updateCellScore1(
                              rowIndex,
                              cellIndex,
                              $event.target.value
                            )
                          "
                        />
                      </template>
                      <template v-else-if="cellIndex == 4">
                        <input
                          type="text"
                          v-model="chapter008.scoreData1[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                          @blur="
                            updateCellScore1(
                              rowIndex,
                              cellIndex,
                              $event.target.value
                            )
                          "
                        />
                      </template>
                      <template v-else>
                        {{ cell }}
                      </template>
                    </td>
                  </tr>
                </tbody>
              </table>
            </div>
          </div>
          <div v-if="chapter008.isScore1Open" class="tips-file">
          <p><br /></p>
          <h4 id="d089">
            ▶▶ 活动2:了解托育园日常清洁与消毒方法<span class="fontsz1"
              >>>>>>>>></span
            >
          </h4>
          <div class="bk-qjms">
            <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              婴幼儿离园后,保教人员会开展打扫和消毒工作。主要的消毒场所及消毒物品包含教室、玩具、教具、桌椅、餐具、门窗、室外游戏设施、盥洗室、便器等。一天,璐璐老师发现保育老师在打扫地面的同时用拖把将桌子擦了一遍,璐璐老师马上上前制止并将事情告知了园长。保育老师受到了指责和批评,并承诺在以后的消毒和清洁过程中一定会细心,牢记不同的物品采用不同的消毒和清洁方法。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p>分析以上情境,以小组合作的形式回答问题并填写相关表格。</p>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="145">
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(145) > -1">
        <!-- 偶数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">1-40</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>1.有哪些消毒法?这些消毒法的适用范围是什么?</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter008.textAreaItem.text7"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('text7')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <p>2.请填写托育园日常清洁与消毒流程规范表(见表1-8-5)。</p>
          <p class="img">表1-8-5 托育园日常清洁与消毒流程规范表</p>
          <!-- <p class="center">
          <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0156-1.jpg" />
        </p> -->
          <div>
            <table class="table111 table122">
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th
                    :style="{
                      width: index == 1 ? '100px' : '',
                      width: index == 3 ? '220px' : '',
                    }"
                    v-for="(header, index) in chapter008.publicHeader"
                    v-for="(header, index) in chapter008.headersData185"
                    :key="index"
                  >
                    {{ header }}
@@ -773,29 +925,16 @@
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr
                  v-for="(row, rowIndex) in chapter008.scoreData1"
                  v-for="(row, rowIndex) in chapter008.tableData185"
                  :key="rowIndex"
                >
                  <td v-for="(cell, cellIndex) in row" :key="cellIndex">
                    <template v-if="cell === ''">
                      <input
                        type="text"
                        v-model="chapter008.scoreData1[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                        v-model="chapter008.tableData185[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                        @blur="
                          updateCellScore1(
                            rowIndex,
                            cellIndex,
                            $event.target.value
                          )
                        "
                      />
                    </template>
                    <template v-else-if="cellIndex == 4">
                      <input
                        type="text"
                        v-model="chapter008.scoreData1[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                        @blur="
                          updateCellScore1(
                          updateCell185(
                            rowIndex,
                            cellIndex,
                            $event.target.value
@@ -804,109 +943,28 @@
                      />
                    </template>
                    <template v-else>
                      {{ cell }}
                      <input
                        type="text"
                        :value="chapter008.tableData185[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                        @blur="
                          updateCell185(
                            rowIndex,
                            cellIndex,
                            $event.target.value
                          )
                        "
                      />
                    </template>
                  </td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
          </div>
        </div>
        <p><br /></p>
        <h4 id="d089">
          ▶▶ 活动2:了解托育园日常清洁与消毒方法<span class="fontsz1"
            >>>>>>>>></span
          >
        </h4>
        <div class="bk-qjms">
          <p class="bj1-qjms">⊙ 情境描述 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            婴幼儿离园后,保教人员会开展打扫和消毒工作。主要的消毒场所及消毒物品包含教室、玩具、教具、桌椅、餐具、门窗、室外游戏设施、盥洗室、便器等。一天,璐璐老师发现保育老师在打扫地面的同时用拖把将桌子擦了一遍,璐璐老师马上上前制止并将事情告知了园长。保育老师受到了指责和批评,并承诺在以后的消毒和清洁过程中一定会细心,牢记不同的物品采用不同的消毒和清洁方法。
          </p>
        </div>
        <p>分析以上情境,以小组合作的形式回答问题并填写相关表格。</p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="145">
      <!-- 偶数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">1-40</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·行动手册</span>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>1.有哪些消毒法?这些消毒法的适用范围是什么?</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter008.textAreaItem.text7"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text7')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <p>2.请填写托育园日常清洁与消毒流程规范表(见表1-8-5)。</p>
        <p class="img">表1-8-5 托育园日常清洁与消毒流程规范表</p>
        <!-- <p class="center">
          <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0156-1.jpg" />
        </p> -->
        <div>
          <table class="table111 table122">
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th
                  :style="{
                    width: index == 3 ? '220px' : '',
                  }"
                  v-for="(header, index) in chapter008.headersData185"
                  :key="index"
                >
                  {{ header }}
                </th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr
                v-for="(row, rowIndex) in chapter008.tableData185"
                :key="rowIndex"
              >
                <td v-for="(cell, cellIndex) in row" :key="cellIndex">
                  <template v-if="cell === ''">
                    <input
                      type="text"
                      v-model="chapter008.tableData185[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                      @blur="
                        updateCell185(rowIndex, cellIndex, $event.target.value)
                      "
                    />
                  </template>
                  <template v-else>
                    <input
                      type="text"
                      :value="chapter008.tableData185[rowIndex][cellIndex]"
                      @blur="
                        updateCell185(rowIndex, cellIndex, $event.target.value)
                      "
                    />
                  </template>
                </td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
        </div>
        <p><br /></p>
        <h4 id="d090">
          ▶▶ 应用与实践<span class="fontsz1">>>>>>>>></span>
        </h4>
        <!-- <div class="bk-sys">
          <p><br /></p>
          <h4 id="d090">
            ▶▶ 应用与实践<span class="fontsz1">>>>>>>>></span>
          </h4>
          <!-- <div class="bk-sys">
          <div class="bj1-sys">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn1" alt="" src="../image/dy-ycs.png" />
@@ -916,114 +974,117 @@
            <img class="img-g" alt="" src="../image/0156-2.jpg" />
          </p>
        </div> -->
        <p><b>一、选择题</b></p>
        <p>
          1.利用蒸汽的高温作用将致病微生物杀灭的消毒方法叫作( <input
            v-model="chapter008.radio.text7"
            @blur="onRadioText()"
          />  )。
        </p>
        <p class="block">A.紫外线消毒法</p>
        <p class="block">B.化学消毒法</p>
        <p class="block">C.蒸汽消毒法</p>
        <p class="block">D.煮沸消毒法</p>
        <p class="block">E.巴氏消毒法</p>
        <p>
          2.以下对照护婴幼儿学习、活动和卫生保健的描述不正确的是( <input
            v-model="chapter008.radio.text6"
            @blur="onRadioText()"
          />  )。
        </p>
        <p class="block">A.创设安全、舒适的学习环境</p>
        <p class="block">B.提供真实多样的材料,培养婴幼儿多方面的感知能力</p>
        <p class="block">C.注意婴幼儿学习活动的环境卫生</p>
        <p class="block">D.以集体教学形式为主,注意培养婴幼儿的学习能力</p>
        <p class="block">E.保证学习活动场所采光良好、通风</p>
          <p><b>一、选择题</b></p>
          <p>
            1.利用蒸汽的高温作用将致病微生物杀灭的消毒方法叫作( <input
              v-model="chapter008.radio.text7"
              @blur="onRadioText()"
            />  )。
          </p>
          <p class="block">A.紫外线消毒法</p>
          <p class="block">B.化学消毒法</p>
          <p class="block">C.蒸汽消毒法</p>
          <p class="block">D.煮沸消毒法</p>
          <p class="block">E.巴氏消毒法</p>
          <p>
            2.以下对照护婴幼儿学习、活动和卫生保健的描述不正确的是( <input
              v-model="chapter008.radio.text6"
              @blur="onRadioText()"
            />  )。
          </p>
          <p class="block">A.创设安全、舒适的学习环境</p>
          <p class="block">B.提供真实多样的材料,培养婴幼儿多方面的感知能力</p>
          <p class="block">C.注意婴幼儿学习活动的环境卫生</p>
          <p class="block">D.以集体教学形式为主,注意培养婴幼儿的学习能力</p>
          <p class="block">E.保证学习活动场所采光良好、通风</p>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="146">
      <!-- 奇数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">第八单元·离园活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">1-141</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(146) > -1">
        <!-- 奇数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">第八单元·离园活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">1-141</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>
          3.一般情况下纸尿裤的更换时间应为( <input
            v-model="chapter008.radio.text5"
            @blur="onRadioText()"
          />  )。
        </p>
        <p class="block">A.2~3小时</p>
        <p class="block">B.4~6小时</p>
        <p class="block">C.5~8小时</p>
        <p class="block">D.9~10小时</p>
        <p>
          4.给婴幼儿便盆消毒常用的消毒剂是( <input
            v-model="chapter008.radio.text4"
            @blur="onRadioText()"
          />  )。
        </p>
        <p class="block">A.次氯酸钠消毒液</p>
        <p class="block">B.碘伏</p>
        <p class="block">C.酒精</p>
        <p class="block">D.过氧乙酸</p>
        <p class="block">E.环氧乙烷</p>
        <p>
          5.假如婴幼儿的尿量比平时的尿量( <input
            v-model="chapter008.radio.text3"
            @blur="onRadioText()"
          />  ),小便发黄、颜色较深,婴幼儿可能是发烧了。
        </p>
        <p class="block">A.增多</p>
        <p class="block">B.减少</p>
        <p><b>二、论述题</b></p>
        <p>简述婴幼儿离园的流程,及不同环节对保教人员的要求。</p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter008.radio.desc"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            @blur="onBlurChange('desc')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
        <div class="tips-bk">
          <div class="bj-tip">
            云测试:单元八应用与实践
            <div @click="activityThree">
              <svg
                xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
                xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
                width="20.115"
                height="19.988"
                viewBox="0 0 20.115 19.988"
              >
                <path
                  class="a"
                  d="M3356.437-15192.012a.568.568,0,0,1-.236-.052.566.566,0,0,1-.271-.744l1.134-2.429h-5.505a.558.558,0,0,1-.557-.558.559.559,0,0,1,.557-.561h19a.559.559,0,0,1,.557.561.558.558,0,0,1-.557.558h-5.505l1.13,2.429a.552.552,0,0,1,.019.427.55.55,0,0,1-.29.313.547.547,0,0,1-.238.055.557.557,0,0,1-.5-.322l-1.355-2.9h-5.52l-1.352,2.9A.563.563,0,0,1,3356.437-15192.012Zm12.442-5.462h-15.645a2.236,2.236,0,0,1-2.233-2.233v-10.06a2.236,2.236,0,0,1,2.233-2.233h15.645a2.238,2.238,0,0,1,2.237,2.233v10.06A2.238,2.238,0,0,1,3368.88-15197.474Zm-4.842-11.732a1.112,1.112,0,0,0-.748.287l-4.986,4.486a1.143,1.143,0,0,0-.309.473l-1.577,2.727a.57.57,0,0,0,.034.61.552.552,0,0,0,.447.229.448.448,0,0,0,.126-.016.55.55,0,0,0,.13-.03l2.871-1.233a1.153,1.153,0,0,0,.523-.268l4.982-4.485a1.121,1.121,0,0,0,.084-1.581l-.748-.828A1.113,1.113,0,0,0,3364.038-15209.206Z"
                  transform="translate(-3351.001 15212)"
                />
              </svg>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>
            3.一般情况下纸尿裤的更换时间应为( <input
              v-model="chapter008.radio.text5"
              @blur="onRadioText()"
            />  )。
          </p>
          <p class="block">A.2~3小时</p>
          <p class="block">B.4~6小时</p>
          <p class="block">C.5~8小时</p>
          <p class="block">D.9~10小时</p>
          <p>
            4.给婴幼儿便盆消毒常用的消毒剂是( <input
              v-model="chapter008.radio.text4"
              @blur="onRadioText()"
            />  )。
          </p>
          <p class="block">A.次氯酸钠消毒液</p>
          <p class="block">B.碘伏</p>
          <p class="block">C.酒精</p>
          <p class="block">D.过氧乙酸</p>
          <p class="block">E.环氧乙烷</p>
          <p>
            5.假如婴幼儿的尿量比平时的尿量( <input
              v-model="chapter008.radio.text3"
              @blur="onRadioText()"
            />  ),小便发黄、颜色较深,婴幼儿可能是发烧了。
          </p>
          <p class="block">A.增多</p>
          <p class="block">B.减少</p>
          <p><b>二、论述题</b></p>
          <p>简述婴幼儿离园的流程,及不同环节对保教人员的要求。</p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <textarea
              v-model="chapter008.radio.desc"
              style="border: 0"
              placeholder="请输入内容"
              rows="5"
              @blur="onBlurChange('desc')"
            ></textarea>
          </div>
          <div class="tips-bk">
            <div class="bj-tip">
              云测试:单元八应用与实践
              <div @click="activityThree">
                <svg
                  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
                  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
                  width="20.115"
                  height="19.988"
                  viewBox="0 0 20.115 19.988"
                >
                  <path
                    class="a"
                    d="M3356.437-15192.012a.568.568,0,0,1-.236-.052.566.566,0,0,1-.271-.744l1.134-2.429h-5.505a.558.558,0,0,1-.557-.558.559.559,0,0,1,.557-.561h19a.559.559,0,0,1,.557.561.558.558,0,0,1-.557.558h-5.505l1.13,2.429a.552.552,0,0,1,.019.427.55.55,0,0,1-.29.313.547.547,0,0,1-.238.055.557.557,0,0,1-.5-.322l-1.355-2.9h-5.52l-1.352,2.9A.563.563,0,0,1,3356.437-15192.012Zm12.442-5.462h-15.645a2.236,2.236,0,0,1-2.233-2.233v-10.06a2.236,2.236,0,0,1,2.233-2.233h15.645a2.238,2.238,0,0,1,2.237,2.233v10.06A2.238,2.238,0,0,1,3368.88-15197.474Zm-4.842-11.732a1.112,1.112,0,0,0-.748.287l-4.986,4.486a1.143,1.143,0,0,0-.309.473l-1.577,2.727a.57.57,0,0,0,.034.61.552.552,0,0,0,.447.229.448.448,0,0,0,.126-.016.55.55,0,0,0,.13-.03l2.871-1.233a1.153,1.153,0,0,0,.523-.268l4.982-4.485a1.121,1.121,0,0,0,.084-1.581l-.748-.828A1.113,1.113,0,0,0,3364.038-15209.206Z"
                    transform="translate(-3351.001 15212)"
                  />
                </svg>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
          <div
            v-if="chapter008.idOpenThree && chapter008.qustionData[141]"
            class="tips-file"
          >
            <examinations
              :primaryColor="'#f49a4c'"
              :cardList="chapter008.qustionData[141]"
            />
            <div
              v-if="chapter008.idOpenThree && questionData"
              class="tips-file"
            >
              <examinations
                :primaryColor="'#f49a4c'"
                :cardList="questionData[146]"
              />
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
@@ -1032,12 +1093,19 @@
</template>
<script>
import getResourcePath from "@/assets/methods/resources.js";
import getQuestionData from "@/assets/methods/examination.js";
import testData from "../js/examinationList.js";
import examinations from "@/components/examinations/index.vue";
export default {
  // eslint-disable-next-line vue/multi-word-component-names
  name: "chapter008",
  props: {
    showPageList: {
      type: Array,
    },
    questionData: {
      type: Object,
    },
  },
  data() {
    return {
      chapter008: {
@@ -1176,11 +1244,6 @@
      "https://jsek.bnuic.com/file/api/ApiDownload?md5=80986796eb2d8ee1a47cdde606900ed0";
    this.chapter008.videoTwoUrl =
      "https://jsek.bnuic.com/file/api/ApiDownload?md5=460c7bc740882a9ad93b096a2151dd1c";
    this.chapter008.qustionData = await getQuestionData(
      "8",
      testData[8],
      this.config.activeBook
    );
  },
  methods: {
    activityOne() {
src/books/lifeCare/view/chapter009.vue
@@ -1,13 +1,32 @@
<template>
  <div class="chapter" num="10">
    <div class="page-box" page="147">
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <template>
          <p class="center">
            <img alt="" class="imz" src="../image/0011-1.jpg" />
          </p>
        </template>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(147) > -1">
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <template>
            <p class="center">
              <img alt="" class="imz" src="../image/0011-1.jpg" />
            </p>
          </template>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
  name: 'chapter009',
  props: {
    showPageList: {
      type: Array,
      default: [],
    },
    questionData: {
      type: Object,
    },
  },
}
</script>
src/books/lifeCare/view/chapter010.vue
@@ -1,129 +1,133 @@
<template>
  <div class="chapter" num="11">
    <div class="page-box" page="148">
      <div class="bodystyle topImg">
        <h2 id="b009"><img class="img-0" alt="" src="../image/zt1.jpg" /></h2>
        <div class="bk">
          <div class="bj1">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/zt-xxmb.jpg" />
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(148) > -1">
        <div class="bodystyle topImg">
          <h2 id="b009"><img class="img-0" alt="" src="../image/zt1.jpg" /></h2>
          <div class="bk">
            <div class="bj1">
              <p class="left">
                <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/zt-xxmb.jpg" />
              </p>
            </div>
            <p class="block">学习本专题,你将达成以下目标。</p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
              能说出什么是婴幼儿生活保育。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
              能清楚表达出婴幼儿生活保育的主要任务。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
              基本了解我国保育发展的历程。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
              能说出婴幼儿生活保育的目标。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
              知道婴幼儿生活保育的意义。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
              初步知道托育机构的一日生活。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p class="block">学习本专题,你将达成以下目标。</p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
            能说出什么是婴幼儿生活保育。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
            能清楚表达出婴幼儿生活保育的主要任务。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
            基本了解我国保育发展的历程。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
            能说出婴幼儿生活保育的目标。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
            知道婴幼儿生活保育的意义。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
            初步知道托育机构的一日生活。
          </p>
        </div>
        <div class="bk">
          <div class="bj1">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/zt-gjc.jpg" />
          <div class="bk">
            <div class="bj1">
              <p class="left">
                <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/zt-gjc.jpg" />
              </p>
            </div>
            <p class="block">
              保育:成人为婴幼儿的生存与发展提供必需的、良好的环境与条件,精心地照护和养育婴幼儿,以保护和促进婴幼儿的正常发育和良好发展。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              托育园:专业人员为婴幼儿提供全日托、半日托、计时托等照护服务的机构。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              保育员:在托幼园所、社会福利机构及其他保育机构中,从事婴幼儿生活照料、保健、自理能力培养和辅助教育工作的人员。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              一日生活:托育机构应对婴幼儿一日生活中重要环节(如游戏、喂哺、进餐、活动、睡眠等各个生活环节)加以合理安排。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p class="block">
            保育:成人为婴幼儿的生存与发展提供必需的、良好的环境与条件,精心地照护和养育婴幼儿,以保护和促进婴幼儿的正常发育和良好发展。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            托育园:专业人员为婴幼儿提供全日托、半日托、计时托等照护服务的机构。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            保育员:在托幼园所、社会福利机构及其他保育机构中,从事婴幼儿生活照料、保健、自理能力培养和辅助教育工作的人员。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            一日生活:托育机构应对婴幼儿一日生活中重要环节(如游戏、喂哺、进餐、活动、睡眠等各个生活环节)加以合理安排。
          </p>
        </div>
        <p><br /></p>
        <div class="bk-zt1">
          <div class="bj1-zt1">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn-zt" alt="" src="../image/zt-my.png" />
          <p><br /></p>
          <div class="bk-zt1">
            <div class="bj1-zt1">
              <p class="left">
                <img class="img-gn-zt" alt="" src="../image/zt-my.png" />
              </p>
            </div>
            <p>
              蒙台梭利:“人生的头3年胜过以后发展的各个阶段,胜过3岁直到死亡的总和。”
            </p>
          </div>
          <p>
            蒙台梭利:“人生的头3年胜过以后发展的各个阶段,胜过3岁直到死亡的总和。”
            婴幼儿时期是人类发展的最初阶段,是个体发展过程中生长发育最快的阶段,为个体的终身发展奠定了基础,对个体今后智力、情感、运动、社会交往等各方面都有着重要的影响。经验表明,为婴幼儿提供保健护理、充足的营养以及早期发展指导,能提高他们在未来的教育成就、健康水平,对他们获得更公平的经济与社会机会具有显著的促进作用。
          </p>
        </div>
        <p>
          婴幼儿时期是人类发展的最初阶段,是个体发展过程中生长发育最快的阶段,为个体的终身发展奠定了基础,对个体今后智力、情感、运动、社会交往等各方面都有着重要的影响。经验表明,为婴幼儿提供保健护理、充足的营养以及早期发展指导,能提高他们在未来的教育成就、健康水平,对他们获得更公平的经济与社会机会具有显著的促进作用。
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="149">
      <!-- 偶数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">2-2</div>
            <div class="title">
              <!-- <img class="ztImg" src="../image/zt.png" alt="" /> -->
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(149) > -1">
        <!-- 偶数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">2-2</div>
              <div class="title">
                <!-- <img class="ztImg" src="../image/zt.png" alt="" /> -->
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>
          近年来,随着经济社会发展,“三孩政策”的落地与持续推进,人们对0~3岁婴幼儿照护服务的需求日益迫切,社会对其照护服务的关注度也不断提升。党的二十大提出要在“幼有所育”方面持续用力。根据《国务院办公厅关于促进3岁以下婴幼儿照护服务发展的指导意见》要求,国家卫生健康委制定并发布了《托育机构保育指导大纲(试行)》,以指导托育机构为3岁以下婴幼儿提供科学、规范的照护服务。
        </p>
        <p><br /></p>
        <div class="bk-zt1">
          <div class="bj1-zt1">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn-zt" alt="" src="../image/zt-yy.png" />
            </p>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>
            近年来,随着经济社会发展,“三孩政策”的落地与持续推进,人们对0~3岁婴幼儿照护服务的需求日益迫切,社会对其照护服务的关注度也不断提升。党的二十大提出要在“幼有所育”方面持续用力。根据《国务院办公厅关于促进3岁以下婴幼儿照护服务发展的指导意见》要求,国家卫生健康委制定并发布了《托育机构保育指导大纲(试行)》,以指导托育机构为3岁以下婴幼儿提供科学、规范的照护服务。
          </p>
          <p><br /></p>
          <div class="bk-zt1">
            <div class="bj1-zt1">
              <p class="left">
                <img class="img-gn-zt" alt="" src="../image/zt-yy.png" />
              </p>
            </div>
            <p>“三岁看大,七岁看老。”</p>
          </div>
          <p>“三岁看大,七岁看老。”</p>
        </div>
        <p><br /></p>
        <div class="bk-zt1">
          <div class="bj1-zt1">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn-zt" alt="" src="../image/zt-xyx.png" />
            </p>
          <p><br /></p>
          <div class="bk-zt1">
            <div class="bj1-zt1">
              <p class="left">
                <img class="img-gn-zt" alt="" src="../image/zt-xyx.png" />
              </p>
            </div>
            <p>保育的概念是什么?</p>
          </div>
          <p>保育的概念是什么?</p>
        </div>
        <h3 id="c032">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">一</span>  婴幼儿生活保育的概念 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <p>
          刚出生的婴儿无法离开成人独自在社会中生存。即使是幼儿,其自我照料、自我保护的能力及意识、经验等也都比较缺乏,必须依赖于成人生存和生活。婴幼儿的这种依赖性,决定了成人要为他们提供必需的生活环境与条件,精心地照护与养育他们,这些是婴幼儿得以生存和健康成长的重要保证。
        </p>
        <p>
          在我国,传统的保育主要是指对婴幼儿身体方面的养护和照顾。“保”,即保护,指给予身心尚未成熟的婴幼儿一定的保护,让婴幼儿能自由发展;“育”,即生育、养育、教育。保育,即父母或保育员为0~6岁婴幼儿提供生存与发展必需的环境和物质条件,精心照顾和培养他们,以促进他们的身心健康发育,包括对婴幼儿的身体保育和心理保育两个方面。
        </p>
        <p>
          婴幼儿生活保育,是指对婴幼儿身体及其功能的保护、照顾与促进。既包括对婴幼儿的身体进行保护和照顾,使他们不受伤害,能正常发育,也包括采取各种保健手段与措施,以促进婴幼儿身体功能的发展和完善。
        </p>
        <p><br /></p>
        <div class="bk-zt1">
          <!-- <div class="bj1-zt1">
          <h3 id="c032">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">一</span>  婴幼儿生活保育的概念 </span>
          </h3>
          <p>
            刚出生的婴儿无法离开成人独自在社会中生存。即使是幼儿,其自我照料、自我保护的能力及意识、经验等也都比较缺乏,必须依赖于成人生存和生活。婴幼儿的这种依赖性,决定了成人要为他们提供必需的生活环境与条件,精心地照护与养育他们,这些是婴幼儿得以生存和健康成长的重要保证。
          </p>
          <p>
            在我国,传统的保育主要是指对婴幼儿身体方面的养护和照顾。“保”,即保护,指给予身心尚未成熟的婴幼儿一定的保护,让婴幼儿能自由发展;“育”,即生育、养育、教育。保育,即父母或保育员为0~6岁婴幼儿提供生存与发展必需的环境和物质条件,精心照顾和培养他们,以促进他们的身心健康发育,包括对婴幼儿的身体保育和心理保育两个方面。
          </p>
          <p>
            婴幼儿生活保育,是指对婴幼儿身体及其功能的保护、照顾与促进。既包括对婴幼儿的身体进行保护和照顾,使他们不受伤害,能正常发育,也包括采取各种保健手段与措施,以促进婴幼儿身体功能的发展和完善。
          </p>
          <p><br /></p>
          <div class="bk-zt1">
            <!-- <div class="bj1-zt1">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn-zt" alt="" src="../image/zt-sys.png" />
            </p>
@@ -131,91 +135,95 @@
          <p class="center">
            <img class="img-g" alt="" src="../image/0165-1.jpg" />
          </p> -->
          <p>
            保育员的工作职责:全面负责幼儿一日生活中的保育工作,确保幼儿身心健康和生命安全。
          </p>
          <!-- <p>扫码看《某托育园保育员的工作职责》。</p> -->
          <div class="tips-bk">
            <div class="bj-tip tip-specail">某托育园保育员的工作职责</div>
            <div class="tips-file">
              <div class="p-text">
                <p>
                  1.全面负责婴幼儿一日生活中的保育工作,确保婴幼儿的身心健康和生命安全。
                </p>
                <p>2.遵守职业道德,严格执行托育园的各项规章制度。</p>
                <p>
                  3.在保健医的指导下,严格执行托育园保育操作规范,严格执行托育园安全、卫生保健制度。
                </p>
                <p>
                  4.负责本班区域和包干区域的环境和设备的清洁、消毒工作,保持室内外环境整洁。
                </p>
                <p>5.与教师共同管理婴幼儿的生活,配合本班教师组织教育活动。</p>
                <p>
                  6.根据婴幼儿的年龄特点,全面关注婴幼儿的身心健康,做好特殊婴幼儿的观察护理工作。
                </p>
                <p>
                  7.妥善保管婴幼儿的衣物和本班设备,发现损坏及时调整、报修。
                </p>
                <p>
                  8.努力钻研业务,认真参与托育园组织的各项学习、培训活动,不断丰富保育知识,提高操作技能。
                </p>
                <p>
                  9.及时将婴幼儿的发展情况向教师、家长反馈,协助做好家园共育工作。
                </p>
                <p>
                  10.保持个人卫生,做到“四勤四不”:勤洗澡、勤理发、勤换衣、勤剪指甲,不戴首饰、不化浓妆、不留长指甲、不穿高跟鞋。
                </p>
            <p>
              保育员的工作职责:全面负责幼儿一日生活中的保育工作,确保幼儿身心健康和生命安全。
            </p>
            <!-- <p>扫码看《某托育园保育员的工作职责》。</p> -->
            <div class="tips-bk">
              <div class="bj-tip tip-specail">某托育园保育员的工作职责</div>
              <div class="tips-file">
                <div class="p-text">
                  <p>
                    1.全面负责婴幼儿一日生活中的保育工作,确保婴幼儿的身心健康和生命安全。
                  </p>
                  <p>2.遵守职业道德,严格执行托育园的各项规章制度。</p>
                  <p>
                    3.在保健医的指导下,严格执行托育园保育操作规范,严格执行托育园安全、卫生保健制度。
                  </p>
                  <p>
                    4.负责本班区域和包干区域的环境和设备的清洁、消毒工作,保持室内外环境整洁。
                  </p>
                  <p>5.与教师共同管理婴幼儿的生活,配合本班教师组织教育活动。</p>
                  <p>
                    6.根据婴幼儿的年龄特点,全面关注婴幼儿的身心健康,做好特殊婴幼儿的观察护理工作。
                  </p>
                  <p>
                    7.妥善保管婴幼儿的衣物和本班设备,发现损坏及时调整、报修。
                  </p>
                  <p>
                    8.努力钻研业务,认真参与托育园组织的各项学习、培训活动,不断丰富保育知识,提高操作技能。
                  </p>
                  <p>
                    9.及时将婴幼儿的发展情况向教师、家长反馈,协助做好家园共育工作。
                  </p>
                  <p>
                    10.保持个人卫生,做到“四勤四不”:勤洗澡、勤理发、勤换衣、勤剪指甲,不戴首饰、不化浓妆、不留长指甲、不穿高跟鞋。
                  </p>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
          <h3 id="c033">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">二</span>  婴幼儿生活保育的主要任务 </span>
          </h3>
          <p>
            第一,提供良好的环境,包括良好的、符合安全与卫生要求的物质环境,以及良好的精神环境。
          </p>
          <p>
            第二,合理地喂养和搭配饮食,包括引导婴幼儿有规律且定时、定量地进餐,少吃零食,并引导幼儿养成良好的饮食卫生习惯。
          </p>
          <p>
            第三,清洁卫生,包括给婴幼儿换尿布、洗手、洗澡、刷牙等,教育他们养成良好的卫生习惯,注意保持生活环境的清洁卫生。
          </p>
          <p>
            第四,有规律地生活,包括让婴幼儿的生活遵循固定的作息制度,使神经系统保持平衡,促进神经系统正常发育。
          </p>
          <p>
            第五,锻炼婴幼儿的身体,包括保证婴幼儿每日的户外活动,充分利用日光、空气和水等自然因素,有计划地锻炼婴幼儿的身体。
          </p>
        </div>
        <h3 id="c033">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">二</span>  婴幼儿生活保育的主要任务 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <p>
          第一,提供良好的环境,包括良好的、符合安全与卫生要求的物质环境,以及良好的精神环境。
        </p>
        <p>
          第二,合理地喂养和搭配饮食,包括引导婴幼儿有规律且定时、定量地进餐,少吃零食,并引导幼儿养成良好的饮食卫生习惯。
        </p>
        <p>
          第三,清洁卫生,包括给婴幼儿换尿布、洗手、洗澡、刷牙等,教育他们养成良好的卫生习惯,注意保持生活环境的清洁卫生。
        </p>
        <p>
          第四,有规律地生活,包括让婴幼儿的生活遵循固定的作息制度,使神经系统保持平衡,促进神经系统正常发育。
        </p>
        <p>
          第五,锻炼婴幼儿的身体,包括保证婴幼儿每日的户外活动,充分利用日光、空气和水等自然因素,有计划地锻炼婴幼儿的身体。
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="150">
      <!-- 奇数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">专题一·初识婴幼儿生活保育</span>
              <span class="pageNum">2-3</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(150) > -1">
        <!-- 奇数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">专题一·初识婴幼儿生活保育</span>
                <span class="pageNum">2-3</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>
          第六,预防疾病和意外伤害。定期对婴幼儿进行生理和心理发育检查,以便及时发现隐患,尽早治疗。注射疫苗是预防疾病的重要手段之一。对意外的预防主要包括保证婴幼儿生活环境的安全性、对婴幼儿进行安全教育、避免婴幼儿独处等。
        </p>
        <p>
          2021年1月,国家卫生健康委发布《托育机构保育指导大纲(试行)》。该大纲适用于经有关部门登记、卫生健康部门备案,为婴幼儿提供全日托、半日托等照护服务的托育机构。提供计时托、临时托等照护服务的托育机构也可参照该大纲执行。该大纲明确了托育机构保育的核心要义。
        </p>
        <p><br /></p>
        <div class="bk-zt1">
          <!-- <div class="bj1-zt1">
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>
            第六,预防疾病和意外伤害。定期对婴幼儿进行生理和心理发育检查,以便及时发现隐患,尽早治疗。注射疫苗是预防疾病的重要手段之一。对意外的预防主要包括保证婴幼儿生活环境的安全性、对婴幼儿进行安全教育、避免婴幼儿独处等。
          </p>
          <p>
            2021年1月,国家卫生健康委发布《托育机构保育指导大纲(试行)》。该大纲适用于经有关部门登记、卫生健康部门备案,为婴幼儿提供全日托、半日托等照护服务的托育机构。提供计时托、临时托等照护服务的托育机构也可参照该大纲执行。该大纲明确了托育机构保育的核心要义。
          </p>
          <p><br /></p>
          <div class="bk-zt1">
            <!-- <div class="bj1-zt1">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn-zt" alt="" src="../image/zt-sys.png" />
            </p>
@@ -223,396 +231,438 @@
          <p class="center">
            <img class="img-g" alt="" src="../image/0166-1.jpg" />
          </p> -->
            <p>
              托育机构保育应遵循以下基本原则:尊重儿童、安全健康、积极回应、科学规范。扫码看《托育机构保育指导大纲(试行)》。
            </p>
            <div class="tips-bk">
              <div class="bj-tip tip-specail">托育机构保育指导大纲(试行)</div>
              <div class="tips-file">
                <div class="p-text">
                  <div>第一章  总则</div>
                  <p>
                    一、为贯彻《国务院办公厅关于促进3岁以下婴幼儿照护服务发展的指导意见》,依据国家卫生健康委《托育机构设置标准(试行)》《托育机构管理规范(试行)》,指导托育机构为3岁以下婴幼儿(以下简称婴幼儿)提供科学、规范的照护服务,促进婴幼儿健康成长,特制定本大纲。
                  </p>
                  <p>
                    一、为贯彻《国务院办公厅关于促进3岁以下婴幼儿照护服务发展的指导意见》,依据国家卫生健康委《托育机构设置标准(试行)》《托育机构管理规范(试行)》,指导托育机构为3岁以下婴幼儿(以下简称婴幼儿)提供科学、规范的照护服务,促进婴幼儿健康成长,特制定本大纲。
                  </p>
                  <p>
                    三、托育机构保育是婴幼儿照护服务的重要组成部分,是生命全周期服务管理的重要内容。通过创设适宜环境,合理安排一日生活和活动,提供生活照料、安全看护、平衡膳食和早期学习机会,促进婴幼儿身体和心理的全面发展。
                  </p>
                  <p>四、托育机构保育应遵循以下基本原则:<br /></p>
                  <p>
                    (一)尊重儿童。坚持儿童优先,保障儿童权利。尊重婴幼儿成长特点和规律,关注个体差异,促进每个婴幼儿全面发展。
                  </p>
                  <p>
                    (二)安全健康。最大限度地保护婴幼儿的安全和健康,切实做好托育机构的安全防护、营养膳食、疾病防控等工作。 
                  </p>
                  <p>
                    (三)积极回应。提供支持性环境,敏感观察婴幼儿,理解其生理和心理需求,并及时给予积极适宜的回应。
                  </p>
                  <p>
                    (四)科学规范。按照国家和地方相关标准和规范,合理安排婴幼儿的生活和活动,满足婴幼儿生长发育的需要。
                  </p>
                  <div>第二章  目标与要求</div>
                  <p>
                    托育机构保育工作应当遵循婴幼儿发展的年龄特点与个体差异,通过多种途径促进婴幼儿身体发育和心理发展。保育重点应当包括营养与喂养、睡眠、生活与卫生习惯、动作、语言、认知、情感与社会性等。
                  </p>
                  <p>一、营养与喂养</p>
                  <p>(一)目标。</p>
                  <p>1.获取安全、营养的食物,达到正常生长发育水平;</p>
                  <p>2.养成良好的饮食行为习惯。</p>
                  <p>(二)保育要点。</p>
                  <p>1. 7-12个月</p>
                  <p>(1)继续母乳喂养,不能继续母乳喂养的婴儿使用配方奶喂养。</p>
                  <p>
                    (2)及时添加辅食,从富含铁的泥糊状食物开始,遵循由一种到多种、由少到多、由稀到稠、由细到粗的原则。辅食不添加糖、盐等调味品。
                  </p>
                  <p>
                    (3)每引入新食物要密切观察婴儿是否有皮疹、呕吐、腹泻等不良反应。
                  </p>
                  <p>2. 13-24个月</p>
                  <p>
                    (1)继续母乳或配方奶喂养,可以引入奶制品作为辅食,每日提供多种类食物。
                  </p>
                  <p>
                    (4)注意观察婴儿所发出的饥饿或饱足的信号,并及时、恰当回应,不强迫喂食。
                  </p>
                  <p>(5)鼓励婴儿尝试自己进食,培养进餐兴趣。</p>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
          <h3 id="c034">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">三</span>  我国保育工作的发展历程 </span>
          </h3>
          <p>
            托育机构保育应遵循以下基本原则:尊重儿童、安全健康、积极回应、科学规范。扫码看《托育机构保育指导大纲(试行)》。
            1938年,中国战时儿童保育会(简称“保育会”)成立。保育会是抗战时期成立的一个民间性质的以救济、教育受难儿童为宗旨的团体,是国共两党真诚合作的产物,是抗日战争时期中国妇女运动的杰出成果,旨在拯救在日寇铁蹄下亲人被害、无家可归的受难儿童,保护中华民族未来的接班人。保育会理事长是宋美龄,副理事长是李德全,常务理事有邓颖超、曹孟君等人。1937—1945年,保育会在十分艰苦的条件下,先后建立了二十多个分会、六十多个保育院,拯救、培养、教育了近三万名受难儿童,为抗战做出了巨大贡献。抗战胜利后,保育会完成其历史使命,于1946年9月15日宣布停止活动。
          </p>
          <div class="tips-bk">
            <div class="bj-tip tip-specail">托育机构保育指导大纲(试行)</div>
            <div class="tips-file">
              <div class="p-text">
                <div>第一章  总则</div>
                <p>
                  一、为贯彻《国务院办公厅关于促进3岁以下婴幼儿照护服务发展的指导意见》,依据国家卫生健康委《托育机构设置标准(试行)》《托育机构管理规范(试行)》,指导托育机构为3岁以下婴幼儿(以下简称婴幼儿)提供科学、规范的照护服务,促进婴幼儿健康成长,特制定本大纲。
                </p>
                <p>
                  一、为贯彻《国务院办公厅关于促进3岁以下婴幼儿照护服务发展的指导意见》,依据国家卫生健康委《托育机构设置标准(试行)》《托育机构管理规范(试行)》,指导托育机构为3岁以下婴幼儿(以下简称婴幼儿)提供科学、规范的照护服务,促进婴幼儿健康成长,特制定本大纲。
                </p>
                <p>
                  三、托育机构保育是婴幼儿照护服务的重要组成部分,是生命全周期服务管理的重要内容。通过创设适宜环境,合理安排一日生活和活动,提供生活照料、安全看护、平衡膳食和早期学习机会,促进婴幼儿身体和心理的全面发展。
                </p>
                <p>四、托育机构保育应遵循以下基本原则:<br /></p>
                <p>
                  (一)尊重儿童。坚持儿童优先,保障儿童权利。尊重婴幼儿成长特点和规律,关注个体差异,促进每个婴幼儿全面发展。
                </p>
                <p>
                  (二)安全健康。最大限度地保护婴幼儿的安全和健康,切实做好托育机构的安全防护、营养膳食、疾病防控等工作。 
                </p>
                <p>
                  (三)积极回应。提供支持性环境,敏感观察婴幼儿,理解其生理和心理需求,并及时给予积极适宜的回应。
                </p>
                <p>
                  (四)科学规范。按照国家和地方相关标准和规范,合理安排婴幼儿的生活和活动,满足婴幼儿生长发育的需要。
                </p>
                <div>第二章  目标与要求</div>
                <p>
                  托育机构保育工作应当遵循婴幼儿发展的年龄特点与个体差异,通过多种途径促进婴幼儿身体发育和心理发展。保育重点应当包括营养与喂养、睡眠、生活与卫生习惯、动作、语言、认知、情感与社会性等。
                </p>
                <p>一、营养与喂养</p>
                <p>(一)目标。</p>
                <p>1.获取安全、营养的食物,达到正常生长发育水平;</p>
                <p>2.养成良好的饮食行为习惯。</p>
                <p>(二)保育要点。</p>
                <p>1. 7-12个月</p>
                <p>(1)继续母乳喂养,不能继续母乳喂养的婴儿使用配方奶喂养。</p>
                <p>
                  (2)及时添加辅食,从富含铁的泥糊状食物开始,遵循由一种到多种、由少到多、由稀到稠、由细到粗的原则。辅食不添加糖、盐等调味品。
                </p>
                <p>
                  (3)每引入新食物要密切观察婴儿是否有皮疹、呕吐、腹泻等不良反应。
                </p>
                <p>2. 13-24个月</p>
                <p>
                  (1)继续母乳或配方奶喂养,可以引入奶制品作为辅食,每日提供多种类食物。
                </p>
                <p>
                  (4)注意观察婴儿所发出的饥饿或饱足的信号,并及时、恰当回应,不强迫喂食。
                </p>
                <p>(5)鼓励婴儿尝试自己进食,培养进餐兴趣。</p>
          <p>
            1949年后,我国0~3岁婴幼儿的保育和教育工作经历了混沌、区分、发展和蓬勃四个阶段。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d091">(一)混沌阶段(1980年以前)</h4>
          <p>
            1956年,教育部、卫生部、内务部颁发《关于托儿所、幼儿园几个问题的联合通知》,指出将托儿所和幼儿园分开管理,卫生部门分管托儿所,教育部门分管幼儿园。这个阶段对3岁前托儿所的保育与教育没有具体的政策规范,3岁前婴幼儿的发展问题实际处于学前工作中的边缘位置,还未引起重视。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d092">(二)区分阶段(1980—1990年)</h4>
          <p>
            1980年11月,卫生部颁发《城市托儿所工作条例(试行草案)》,确定了我国托儿所制度,明确了托儿所的性质。1981年6月,卫生部妇幼卫生局颁发《三岁前小儿教养大纲(草案)》,提出了托儿所教养工作的具体任务。1985年12月,卫生部颁发《托儿所、幼儿园卫生保健制度》,对托育机构的卫生保健工作做出明确规定。这一阶段明确了城市托儿所的工作重点是保育。
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="151">
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(151) > -1">
        <!-- 偶数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">2-4</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <h3 id="c034">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">三</span>  我国保育工作的发展历程 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <p>
          1938年,中国战时儿童保育会(简称“保育会”)成立。保育会是抗战时期成立的一个民间性质的以救济、教育受难儿童为宗旨的团体,是国共两党真诚合作的产物,是抗日战争时期中国妇女运动的杰出成果,旨在拯救在日寇铁蹄下亲人被害、无家可归的受难儿童,保护中华民族未来的接班人。保育会理事长是宋美龄,副理事长是李德全,常务理事有邓颖超、曹孟君等人。1937—1945年,保育会在十分艰苦的条件下,先后建立了二十多个分会、六十多个保育院,拯救、培养、教育了近三万名受难儿童,为抗战做出了巨大贡献。抗战胜利后,保育会完成其历史使命,于1946年9月15日宣布停止活动。
        </p>
        <p>
          1949年后,我国0~3岁婴幼儿的保育和教育工作经历了混沌、区分、发展和蓬勃四个阶段。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d091">(一)混沌阶段(1980年以前)</h4>
        <p>
          1956年,教育部、卫生部、内务部颁发《关于托儿所、幼儿园几个问题的联合通知》,指出将托儿所和幼儿园分开管理,卫生部门分管托儿所,教育部门分管幼儿园。这个阶段对3岁前托儿所的保育与教育没有具体的政策规范,3岁前婴幼儿的发展问题实际处于学前工作中的边缘位置,还未引起重视。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d092">(二)区分阶段(1980—1990年)</h4>
        <p>
          1980年11月,卫生部颁发《城市托儿所工作条例(试行草案)》,确定了我国托儿所制度,明确了托儿所的性质。1981年6月,卫生部妇幼卫生局颁发《三岁前小儿教养大纲(草案)》,提出了托儿所教养工作的具体任务。1985年12月,卫生部颁发《托儿所、幼儿园卫生保健制度》,对托育机构的卫生保健工作做出明确规定。这一阶段明确了城市托儿所的工作重点是保育。
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="151">
      <!-- 偶数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">2-4</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
            </div>
          </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d093">(三)发展阶段(1990—2000年)</h4>
          <p>
            1994年颁布的《托儿所、幼儿园卫生保健管理办法》对托儿所的保健设备、人员及内容做出了明确规定。1996年,广州市实施了“广州市百名0~3岁儿童潜能开发项目”,并出台《广州市0~3岁婴幼儿社区保教服务方案》。1999年,上海市便开始探索0~6岁托幼一体化工作,并开展了0~3岁儿童早期关心和发展的研究。这一阶段,政府开始规范公立托儿所和民办托儿所的建设,重视托育机构的环境与保健工作,但对婴幼儿心理发展与教育还未足够重视。部分地区以教育部门为主管,以社区为依托,多力量合作,率先开展了托幼一体化的尝试。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d094">(四)蓬勃阶段(2000年至今)</h4>
          <p>
            2001年印发的《幼儿园教育指导纲要(试行)》指出,幼儿园教育要与0~3岁儿童的保育教育以及小学教育相互衔接。《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要(2010—2020年)》指出,要重视0至3岁婴幼儿教育。从2016年开始,政府在相关政策法规中多次提及发展托育。2019年,国务院办公厅印发了《关于促进3岁以下婴幼儿照护服务发展的指导意见》。随着政府对婴幼儿托育服务的重视,中国托育行业受到重点关注,更多家长表示会考虑将孩子送到托育机构。为进一步加强托育机构专业化、规范化建设,国家卫生健康委先后发布了《托育机构设置标准(试行)》《托育机构管理规范(试行)》《托育机构保育指导大纲(试行)》《托育机构婴幼儿伤害预防指南(试行)》。这一阶段,政府高度重视0~3岁婴幼儿的早期发展,不仅重视婴幼儿的生存、保健、营养,还重视婴幼儿的心理发展与教育:从对婴幼儿生命存续的关注提升至对生命质量的关注;能够用生态、系统的眼光看待婴幼儿的发展,关注0~3岁婴幼儿微观系统的质量提升,重视家庭教育指导工作;认识到0~3岁婴幼儿早期发展已逐渐成为社会公共问题;党的二十大更是将“幼有所育”作为保障和改善民生工作的重要内容之一。
          </p>
          <h3 id="c035">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">四</span>  婴幼儿生活保育的目标 </span>
          </h3>
          <p>
            保育工作应当遵循婴幼儿发展的年龄特点与个体差异,通过多种途径促进婴幼儿身体发育和心理发展。生活保育的具体目标如下。
          </p>
          <p>第一,获得安全、营养的食物,获得充足睡眠,达到正常生长发育水平。</p>
          <p>
            第二,学习盥洗、如厕、穿脱衣服等生活技能,逐步养成良好的生活卫生习惯。
          </p>
          <p>
            第三,养成良好的饮食习惯,养成自主入睡、作息规律等良好的睡眠习惯。
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d093">(三)发展阶段(1990—2000年)</h4>
        <p>
          1994年颁布的《托儿所、幼儿园卫生保健管理办法》对托儿所的保健设备、人员及内容做出了明确规定。1996年,广州市实施了“广州市百名0~3岁儿童潜能开发项目”,并出台《广州市0~3岁婴幼儿社区保教服务方案》。1999年,上海市便开始探索0~6岁托幼一体化工作,并开展了0~3岁儿童早期关心和发展的研究。这一阶段,政府开始规范公立托儿所和民办托儿所的建设,重视托育机构的环境与保健工作,但对婴幼儿心理发展与教育还未足够重视。部分地区以教育部门为主管,以社区为依托,多力量合作,率先开展了托幼一体化的尝试。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d094">(四)蓬勃阶段(2000年至今)</h4>
        <p>
          2001年印发的《幼儿园教育指导纲要(试行)》指出,幼儿园教育要与0~3岁儿童的保育教育以及小学教育相互衔接。《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要(2010—2020年)》指出,要重视0至3岁婴幼儿教育。从2016年开始,政府在相关政策法规中多次提及发展托育。2019年,国务院办公厅印发了《关于促进3岁以下婴幼儿照护服务发展的指导意见》。随着政府对婴幼儿托育服务的重视,中国托育行业受到重点关注,更多家长表示会考虑将孩子送到托育机构。为进一步加强托育机构专业化、规范化建设,国家卫生健康委先后发布了《托育机构设置标准(试行)》《托育机构管理规范(试行)》《托育机构保育指导大纲(试行)》《托育机构婴幼儿伤害预防指南(试行)》。这一阶段,政府高度重视0~3岁婴幼儿的早期发展,不仅重视婴幼儿的生存、保健、营养,还重视婴幼儿的心理发展与教育:从对婴幼儿生命存续的关注提升至对生命质量的关注;能够用生态、系统的眼光看待婴幼儿的发展,关注0~3岁婴幼儿微观系统的质量提升,重视家庭教育指导工作;认识到0~3岁婴幼儿早期发展已逐渐成为社会公共问题;党的二十大更是将“幼有所育”作为保障和改善民生工作的重要内容之一。
        </p>
        <h3 id="c035">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">四</span>  婴幼儿生活保育的目标 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <p>
          保育工作应当遵循婴幼儿发展的年龄特点与个体差异,通过多种途径促进婴幼儿身体发育和心理发展。生活保育的具体目标如下。
        </p>
        <p>第一,获得安全、营养的食物,获得充足睡眠,达到正常生长发育水平。</p>
        <p>
          第二,学习盥洗、如厕、穿脱衣服等生活技能,逐步养成良好的生活卫生习惯。
        </p>
        <p>
          第三,养成良好的饮食习惯,养成自主入睡、作息规律等良好的睡眠习惯。
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="152">
      <!-- 奇数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">专题一·初识婴幼儿生活保育</span>
              <span class="pageNum">2-5</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(152) > -1">
        <!-- 奇数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">专题一·初识婴幼儿生活保育</span>
                <span class="pageNum">2-5</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h3 id="c036">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">五</span>  婴幼儿生活保育的意义 </span>
          </h3>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d095">(一)保障婴幼儿健康成长</h4>
          <p>
            托育园婴幼儿的生活活动包括来园、盥洗、如厕、进餐、饮水、睡眠、离园等,贯穿婴幼儿在园生活的始终。良好的生活保育,能使婴幼儿得到很好的照料,满足婴幼儿日常的生活需求,同时,科学的保育措施能为婴幼儿的身心健康成长提供强有力的保障。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d096">(二)提高婴幼儿的生活技能</h4>
          <p>
            婴幼儿的生活技能是逐步发展和形成的,保育员应该对不同年龄段的婴幼儿有不同的要求。1岁以内的婴儿的生活活动几乎全要依靠保育员;1~2岁的幼儿可以配合保育员进行生活活动;对于2~3岁的幼儿,保育员可以逐步培养他们的生活自理能力。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d097">(三)养成婴幼儿良好的生活卫生习惯</h4>
          <p>
            婴幼儿的可塑性大,0~3岁正是良好行为习惯形成的敏感时期。婴幼儿吮手指、挖鼻孔、餐后不漱口等不良生活卫生习惯较常见。婴幼儿就像一棵幼苗,只有在开始阶段就细心培育,才能保证他们健康、正常地成长。生活保育在照护婴幼儿的同时,也在潜移默化地培养婴幼儿的良好的生活习惯。
          </p>
          <h3 id="c037">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">六</span>  托育机构的一日生活 </span>
          </h3>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d098">(一)托育机构的一日生活简介</h4>
          <p>
            托育机构的一日生活是指根据婴幼儿身心发展的特点,对他们在托育机构内一日生活的每个环节在内容、时间、顺序、次数和间隔时间上做的安排(见表2-1-1)。
          </p>
          <p class="img">表2-1-1 托育机构一日生活举例(夏季)</p>
          <p class="center">
            <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0168-1.jpg" />
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h3 id="c036">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">五</span>  婴幼儿生活保育的意义 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d095">(一)保障婴幼儿健康成长</h4>
        <p>
          托育园婴幼儿的生活活动包括来园、盥洗、如厕、进餐、饮水、睡眠、离园等,贯穿婴幼儿在园生活的始终。良好的生活保育,能使婴幼儿得到很好的照料,满足婴幼儿日常的生活需求,同时,科学的保育措施能为婴幼儿的身心健康成长提供强有力的保障。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d096">(二)提高婴幼儿的生活技能</h4>
        <p>
          婴幼儿的生活技能是逐步发展和形成的,保育员应该对不同年龄段的婴幼儿有不同的要求。1岁以内的婴儿的生活活动几乎全要依靠保育员;1~2岁的幼儿可以配合保育员进行生活活动;对于2~3岁的幼儿,保育员可以逐步培养他们的生活自理能力。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d097">(三)养成婴幼儿良好的生活卫生习惯</h4>
        <p>
          婴幼儿的可塑性大,0~3岁正是良好行为习惯形成的敏感时期。婴幼儿吮手指、挖鼻孔、餐后不漱口等不良生活卫生习惯较常见。婴幼儿就像一棵幼苗,只有在开始阶段就细心培育,才能保证他们健康、正常地成长。生活保育在照护婴幼儿的同时,也在潜移默化地培养婴幼儿的良好的生活习惯。
        </p>
        <h3 id="c037">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">六</span>  托育机构的一日生活 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d098">(一)托育机构的一日生活简介</h4>
        <p>
          托育机构的一日生活是指根据婴幼儿身心发展的特点,对他们在托育机构内一日生活的每个环节在内容、时间、顺序、次数和间隔时间上做的安排(见表2-1-1)。
        </p>
        <p class="img">表2-1-1 托育机构一日生活举例(夏季)</p>
        <p class="center">
          <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0168-1.jpg" />
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <!-- 上下分割表格 -->
    <div class="page-box" page="153">
      <!-- 偶数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">2-6</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(153) > -1">
        <!-- 偶数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">2-6</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p class="center">
            <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0168-1.jpg" />
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d099">(二)合理的一日生活的意义</h4>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e089">1.促进婴幼儿养成良好的习惯</h5>
          <p>
            生活中的一系列活动,按一定时间和顺序重复多次后,就可在大脑皮层形成动力定型,人会因此养成习惯。年龄越小,动力定型就越容易形成。只有让婴幼儿按一定规律和要求有条不紊地完成每天应该做的事情,将婴幼儿一日生活中的主要内容,如游戏、喂哺、进餐、活动、睡眠等各个生活环节加以合理安排,并相对固定下来,才能使婴幼儿养成习惯,每到一定时间,大脑就知道下面该做什么,并提前做好准备。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e090">2.保证婴幼儿劳逸结合</h5>
          <p>
            婴幼儿时期大脑皮质功能发育不够成熟,神经的兴奋与抑制活动不平衡,对长期的刺激耐受力小,注意力很难持久,易兴奋,也易疲劳。因此,需要合理安排作息,经常变换活动的内容和方式,使大脑皮质的“工作区”与“休息区”轮换,达到劳逸结合的目的。
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p class="center">
          <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0168-1.jpg" />
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d099">(二)合理的一日生活的意义</h4>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e089">1.促进婴幼儿养成良好的习惯</h5>
        <p>
          生活中的一系列活动,按一定时间和顺序重复多次后,就可在大脑皮层形成动力定型,人会因此养成习惯。年龄越小,动力定型就越容易形成。只有让婴幼儿按一定规律和要求有条不紊地完成每天应该做的事情,将婴幼儿一日生活中的主要内容,如游戏、喂哺、进餐、活动、睡眠等各个生活环节加以合理安排,并相对固定下来,才能使婴幼儿养成习惯,每到一定时间,大脑就知道下面该做什么,并提前做好准备。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e090">2.保证婴幼儿劳逸结合</h5>
        <p>
          婴幼儿时期大脑皮质功能发育不够成熟,神经的兴奋与抑制活动不平衡,对长期的刺激耐受力小,注意力很难持久,易兴奋,也易疲劳。因此,需要合理安排作息,经常变换活动的内容和方式,使大脑皮质的“工作区”与“休息区”轮换,达到劳逸结合的目的。
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="154">
      <!-- 奇数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">专题一·初识婴幼儿生活保育</span>
              <span class="pageNum">2-7</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(154) > -1">
        <!-- 奇数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">专题一·初识婴幼儿生活保育</span>
                <span class="pageNum">2-7</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e091">3.保证婴幼儿的睡眠</h5>
          <p>
            婴幼儿的神经系统尚未发育成熟,容易疲劳,需要较长的睡眠时间进行休整,合理安排作息,可使他们的睡眠时间有保证。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e092">4.保证婴幼儿的营养</h5>
          <p>
            婴幼儿的消化系统尚未发育成熟,消化能力弱,但婴幼儿生长发育迅速,对能量和各种营养素的需求量相对较多,安排合理的进餐次数和间隔时间,可使他们获得足够的营养。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e093">5.便于教师、保育员做好工作</h5>
          <p>
            托育机构是集体生活的场所,婴幼儿人数多,年龄又不一样,合理的生活制度是教师、保育员对不同年龄的婴幼儿进行不同教育和护理的工作依据,利于托育机构各项工作有计划、有步骤地进行,也是提高保教质量的基本保障。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d100">(三)安排一日生活</h4>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e094">1.依据婴幼儿的年龄特点</h5>
          <p>
            婴幼儿正处于生长发育时期,各器官的功能还处于不断完善阶段,而且不同年龄段的婴幼儿在发育上也存在较大的差异。因此,应根据他们的年龄特点科学地安排一日生活和作息时间。如年龄越小,安排的睡眠时间就越长、喂哺的次数就越多等。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e095">2.依据《托育机构管理规范(试行)》</h5>
          <p>
            国家卫生健康委于2019年发布了《托育机构管理规范(试行)》,对于一日生活提出了具体的管理要求,主要包括以下内容。
          </p>
          <p>
            第一,托育机构应当科学合理安排婴幼儿的生活,做好饮食、饮水、喂奶、如厕、盥洗、清洁、睡眠、穿脱衣服、游戏活动等服务。
          </p>
          <p>
            第二,托育机构应当顺应喂养,科学制订食谱,保证婴幼儿膳食平衡。有特殊喂养需求的,婴幼儿监护人应当提供书面说明。
          </p>
          <p>
            第三,托育机构应当保证婴幼儿每日户外活动不少于2小时,在寒冷、炎热季节或特殊天气情况下可酌情调整。
          </p>
          <p>
            第四,托育机构应当以游戏为主要活动形式,促进婴幼儿在身体发育、动作、语言、认知、情感与社会性等方面的全面发展。
          </p>
          <p>
            第五,游戏活动应当重视婴幼儿的情感变化,注重与婴幼儿面对面、一对一地交流互动,动静交替,合理搭配多种游戏类型。
          </p>
          <p>
            第六,托育机构应当提供适宜刺激,丰富婴幼儿的直接经验,支持婴幼儿主动探索、操作体验、互动交流和表达表现,发挥婴幼儿的自主性,保护婴幼儿的好奇心。
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e091">3.保证婴幼儿的睡眠</h5>
        <p>
          婴幼儿的神经系统尚未发育成熟,容易疲劳,需要较长的睡眠时间进行休整,合理安排作息,可使他们的睡眠时间有保证。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e092">4.保证婴幼儿的营养</h5>
        <p>
          婴幼儿的消化系统尚未发育成熟,消化能力弱,但婴幼儿生长发育迅速,对能量和各种营养素的需求量相对较多,安排合理的进餐次数和间隔时间,可使他们获得足够的营养。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e093">5.便于教师、保育员做好工作</h5>
        <p>
          托育机构是集体生活的场所,婴幼儿人数多,年龄又不一样,合理的生活制度是教师、保育员对不同年龄的婴幼儿进行不同教育和护理的工作依据,利于托育机构各项工作有计划、有步骤地进行,也是提高保教质量的基本保障。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d100">(三)安排一日生活</h4>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e094">1.依据婴幼儿的年龄特点</h5>
        <p>
          婴幼儿正处于生长发育时期,各器官的功能还处于不断完善阶段,而且不同年龄段的婴幼儿在发育上也存在较大的差异。因此,应根据他们的年龄特点科学地安排一日生活和作息时间。如年龄越小,安排的睡眠时间就越长、喂哺的次数就越多等。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e095">2.依据《托育机构管理规范(试行)》</h5>
        <p>
          国家卫生健康委于2019年发布了《托育机构管理规范(试行)》,对于一日生活提出了具体的管理要求,主要包括以下内容。
        </p>
        <p>
          第一,托育机构应当科学合理安排婴幼儿的生活,做好饮食、饮水、喂奶、如厕、盥洗、清洁、睡眠、穿脱衣服、游戏活动等服务。
        </p>
        <p>
          第二,托育机构应当顺应喂养,科学制订食谱,保证婴幼儿膳食平衡。有特殊喂养需求的,婴幼儿监护人应当提供书面说明。
        </p>
        <p>
          第三,托育机构应当保证婴幼儿每日户外活动不少于2小时,在寒冷、炎热季节或特殊天气情况下可酌情调整。
        </p>
        <p>
          第四,托育机构应当以游戏为主要活动形式,促进婴幼儿在身体发育、动作、语言、认知、情感与社会性等方面的全面发展。
        </p>
        <p>
          第五,游戏活动应当重视婴幼儿的情感变化,注重与婴幼儿面对面、一对一地交流互动,动静交替,合理搭配多种游戏类型。
        </p>
        <p>
          第六,托育机构应当提供适宜刺激,丰富婴幼儿的直接经验,支持婴幼儿主动探索、操作体验、互动交流和表达表现,发挥婴幼儿的自主性,保护婴幼儿的好奇心。
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="155">
      <!-- 偶数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">2-8</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(155) > -1">
        <!-- 偶数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">2-8</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>
            第七,托育机构应当建立照护服务日常记录和反馈制度,定期与婴幼儿的监护人沟通婴幼儿的发展情况。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e096">3.依据季节变化和地区特点</h5>
          <p>
            夏季早晚凉爽、中午炎热,可适当加长午睡时间;冬季昼短夜长、早晚气温低、日照时间短,可适当缩短午睡时间,早晨起床时间推迟一些,晚上上床时间提前些,充分利用阳光充足的时间进行户外活动。同时还应考虑地区的差异,如南北方气温相差很大,作息时间也应有所不同。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e097">4.依据家长工作时间的需要</h5>
          <p>
            托育机构有服务家长的责任,既要促进婴幼儿的身心发展,又要解决家长的后顾之忧。因此,在制订一日生活制度时,也应适当考虑家长的需要,与家长上下班时间相适应,方便家长接送婴幼儿,使婴幼儿在家庭的生活和在托育机构的生活相衔接。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d101">(四)执行一日生活的注意事项</h4>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e098">1.稳定性与灵活性相协调</h5>
          <p>
            托育机构生活制度一旦制订,就应严格执行,不轻易改变。只有让生活秩序保持一定的稳定性,持之以恒,才能在大脑皮层形成稳固的动力定型。需要注意的是,在执行过程中也要有相对的灵活性。例如,可以弹性安排起床时间,起床快的婴幼儿可以早些入座喝水,起床慢的婴幼儿可以按照常规要求来完成活动。稳定性与灵活性相协调体现出了“统而不死、活而有序”的原则,能保证每个婴幼儿都能愉快、健康地发展。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e099">2.生活与教育相结合</h5>
          <p>
            融教育于一日生活中已成为早期教育的显著特点。婴幼儿以自己的生活为主要学习对象,又以自己的生活为主要学习途径,并以更好地适应生活为学习目的。托育机构应密切结合一日生活的各个环节,通过生活来进行教育。例如,在一日生活中的就餐环节,保教人员不仅要合理安排餐点,帮助婴幼儿养成定点、定时、定量进餐的习惯,还要帮助婴幼儿掌握就餐技能,了解食物的营养价值。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e100">3.家庭与机构相统一</h5>
          <p>
            新入园的婴幼儿对新环境不太适应,午睡时常常不能很快入睡或者会较早地醒来。保教人员除了要做好婴幼儿午睡时的保育工作外,还要及时与婴幼儿的家长取得联系,告知家长婴幼儿午睡时的情况,并建议家长适当调整婴幼儿在家的作息时间,相互配合,共同保证婴幼儿健康成长。
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>
          第七,托育机构应当建立照护服务日常记录和反馈制度,定期与婴幼儿的监护人沟通婴幼儿的发展情况。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e096">3.依据季节变化和地区特点</h5>
        <p>
          夏季早晚凉爽、中午炎热,可适当加长午睡时间;冬季昼短夜长、早晚气温低、日照时间短,可适当缩短午睡时间,早晨起床时间推迟一些,晚上上床时间提前些,充分利用阳光充足的时间进行户外活动。同时还应考虑地区的差异,如南北方气温相差很大,作息时间也应有所不同。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e097">4.依据家长工作时间的需要</h5>
        <p>
          托育机构有服务家长的责任,既要促进婴幼儿的身心发展,又要解决家长的后顾之忧。因此,在制订一日生活制度时,也应适当考虑家长的需要,与家长上下班时间相适应,方便家长接送婴幼儿,使婴幼儿在家庭的生活和在托育机构的生活相衔接。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d101">(四)执行一日生活的注意事项</h4>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e098">1.稳定性与灵活性相协调</h5>
        <p>
          托育机构生活制度一旦制订,就应严格执行,不轻易改变。只有让生活秩序保持一定的稳定性,持之以恒,才能在大脑皮层形成稳固的动力定型。需要注意的是,在执行过程中也要有相对的灵活性。例如,可以弹性安排起床时间,起床快的婴幼儿可以早些入座喝水,起床慢的婴幼儿可以按照常规要求来完成活动。稳定性与灵活性相协调体现出了“统而不死、活而有序”的原则,能保证每个婴幼儿都能愉快、健康地发展。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e099">2.生活与教育相结合</h5>
        <p>
          融教育于一日生活中已成为早期教育的显著特点。婴幼儿以自己的生活为主要学习对象,又以自己的生活为主要学习途径,并以更好地适应生活为学习目的。托育机构应密切结合一日生活的各个环节,通过生活来进行教育。例如,在一日生活中的就餐环节,保教人员不仅要合理安排餐点,帮助婴幼儿养成定点、定时、定量进餐的习惯,还要帮助婴幼儿掌握就餐技能,了解食物的营养价值。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e100">3.家庭与机构相统一</h5>
        <p>
          新入园的婴幼儿对新环境不太适应,午睡时常常不能很快入睡或者会较早地醒来。保教人员除了要做好婴幼儿午睡时的保育工作外,还要及时与婴幼儿的家长取得联系,告知家长婴幼儿午睡时的情况,并建议家长适当调整婴幼儿在家的作息时间,相互配合,共同保证婴幼儿健康成长。
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="156">
      <!-- 奇数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">专题一·初识婴幼儿生活保育</span>
              <span class="pageNum">2-9</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(156) > -1">
        <!-- 奇数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">专题一·初识婴幼儿生活保育</span>
                <span class="pageNum">2-9</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d102">(五)托育机构一日生活保育的主要内容</h4>
          <p>
            保育是托育机构工作不可缺少的组成部分。0~3岁婴幼儿发育不完善,需要保教人员给予更精细的保育护理,这是托育机构一项重要的工作。托育机构一日生活的环节主要包括晨间清洁卫生、晨间接待、晨间活动、进餐、盥洗、如厕、睡眠、离园等,以一定的时间和程序相对固定下来,每个环节都有相应的保育要求(见表2-1-2)。
          </p>
          <p class="img">
            表2-1-2 某托育机构一日生活保育的流程及人员分工(托班)
          </p>
          <p class="center">
            <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0172-1.jpg" />
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d102">(五)托育机构一日生活保育的主要内容</h4>
        <p>
          保育是托育机构工作不可缺少的组成部分。0~3岁婴幼儿发育不完善,需要保教人员给予更精细的保育护理,这是托育机构一项重要的工作。托育机构一日生活的环节主要包括晨间清洁卫生、晨间接待、晨间活动、进餐、盥洗、如厕、睡眠、离园等,以一定的时间和程序相对固定下来,每个环节都有相应的保育要求(见表2-1-2)。
        </p>
        <p class="img">
          表2-1-2 某托育机构一日生活保育的流程及人员分工(托班)
        </p>
        <p class="center">
          <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0172-1.jpg" />
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="157">
      <!-- 偶数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">2-10</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(157) > -1">
        <!-- 偶数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">2-10</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p class="img-right">续表</p>
          <p class="center">
            <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0173-1.jpg" />
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p class="img-right">续表</p>
        <p class="center">
          <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0173-1.jpg" />
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="158">
      <!-- 奇数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">专题一·初识婴幼儿生活保育</span>
              <span class="pageNum">2-11</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(158) > -1">
        <!-- 奇数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">专题一·初识婴幼儿生活保育</span>
                <span class="pageNum">2-11</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p class="img-right">续表</p>
          <p class="center">
            <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0174-1.jpg" />
          </p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <p class="left"><span class="bj3">学习反思</span></p>
            <textarea v-model="chapter010.textAreaItem.text39" style="border: 0" placeholder="请输入内容" rows="5"
              class="textareaInput" @blur="onBlurChange('text39')"></textarea>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p class="img-right">续表</p>
        <p class="center">
          <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0174-1.jpg" />
        </p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <p class="left"><span class="bj3">学习反思</span></p>
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter010.textAreaItem.text39"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            class="textareaInput"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text39')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
  name: "chapter010",
  props: {
    showPageList: {
      type: Array,
      default: [],
    },
    questionData: {
      type: Object,
    },
  },
  data() {
    return {
      chapter010: {
src/books/lifeCare/view/chapter011.vue
@@ -1,435 +1,456 @@
<template>
  <div class="chapter" num="12">
    <div class="page-box" page="159">
      <div class="bodystyle topImg">
        <h2 id="b010"><img class="img-0" alt="" src="../image/zt2.jpg" /></h2>
        <div class="bk">
          <div class="bj1">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/zt-xxmb.jpg" />
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(159) > -1">
        <div class="bodystyle topImg">
          <h2 id="b010"><img class="img-0" alt="" src="../image/zt2.jpg" /></h2>
          <div class="bk">
            <div class="bj1">
              <p class="left">
                <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/zt-xxmb.jpg" />
              </p>
            </div>
            <p class="block">学习本专题,你将达成以下目标。</p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
              能理解来园保育的保教价值。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
              能做好婴幼儿来园前的准备工作。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
              知道来园活动存在的安全隐患。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
              能防范来园活动中的安全问题。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
              知道来园接待的内容。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
              能安抚来园婴幼儿的不良情绪。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" /> 会晨间检查。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
              会接待带药的婴幼儿。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p class="block">学习本专题,你将达成以下目标。</p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
            能理解来园保育的保教价值。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
            能做好婴幼儿来园前的准备工作。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
            知道来园活动存在的安全隐患。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
            能防范来园活动中的安全问题。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
            知道来园接待的内容。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
            能安抚来园婴幼儿的不良情绪。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" /> 会晨间检查。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
            会接待带药的婴幼儿。
          </p>
        </div>
        <div class="bk">
          <div class="bj1">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/zt-gjc.jpg" />
          <div class="bk">
            <div class="bj1">
              <p class="left">
                <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/zt-gjc.jpg" />
              </p>
            </div>
            <p class="block">
              来园准备:婴幼儿来园前,保教人员的工作准备包括婴幼儿活动环境准备、生活物品及活动材料准备等。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              来园接待:保教人员亲切地与婴幼儿和家长打招呼,能让婴幼儿产生安全感,让家长产生信赖感,为愉快的一日生活打下基础。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p class="block">
            来园准备:婴幼儿来园前,保教人员的工作准备包括婴幼儿活动环境准备、生活物品及活动材料准备等。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            来园接待:保教人员亲切地与婴幼儿和家长打招呼,能让婴幼儿产生安全感,让家长产生信赖感,为愉快的一日生活打下基础。
          <p>
            好的开端是成功的一半。来园保育工作的质量不仅会影响婴幼儿一日生活的质量,还会影响家长一天工作的心情。因此,保教人员的来园保育工作特别重要。不同年龄阶段的婴幼儿在入园环节表现出的需求和状态各不相同,因而对他们的保育要求也不尽相同,这就需要保教人员根据婴幼儿身心发展的特点与成长规律,紧紧围绕来园保育目标,为婴幼儿营造安全、卫生、温馨、舒适、丰富、有趣的入园环境,促进他们的身心及能力等方面的发展,使来园环节真正成为婴幼儿一天美好生活的开始。
          </p>
        </div>
        <p>
          好的开端是成功的一半。来园保育工作的质量不仅会影响婴幼儿一日生活的质量,还会影响家长一天工作的心情。因此,保教人员的来园保育工作特别重要。不同年龄阶段的婴幼儿在入园环节表现出的需求和状态各不相同,因而对他们的保育要求也不尽相同,这就需要保教人员根据婴幼儿身心发展的特点与成长规律,紧紧围绕来园保育目标,为婴幼儿营造安全、卫生、温馨、舒适、丰富、有趣的入园环境,促进他们的身心及能力等方面的发展,使来园环节真正成为婴幼儿一天美好生活的开始。
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="160">
      <!-- 奇数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">专题二·来园活动护照</span>
              <span class="pageNum">2-13</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(160) > -1">
        <!-- 奇数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">专题二·来园活动护照</span>
                <span class="pageNum">2-13</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h3 id="c038">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">一</span>  来园保育的保教价值 </span>
          </h3>
          <p>
            托育机构保育是婴幼儿照护服务的重要组成部分,是生命全周期服务管理的重要内容。托育机构应创设适宜的环境,合理安排一日生活和活动,提供生活照料、安全看护、平衡膳食和早期学习机会,从而促进婴幼儿身体和心理的全面发展。
          </p>
          <p>
            来园环节是婴幼儿在托育机构一日生活保育中的第一个环节。安全、卫生、温馨、舒适的环境对婴幼儿来说是一天愉快生活的基础。保教人员上岗前的个人准备、室内外环境的清洁整理、设施设备的检查、生活物品的准备、教玩具的提供及摆放等,都是来园环节的重要组成部分。来园环节还是建立师生感情、培养婴幼儿的习惯、提高婴幼儿的综合生活能力、开展个性化教育的重要契机。保教人员抓住来园时机与家长交流,能建立起良好的家园沟通平台,实现家园共育。由此可见,来园环节涉及很多工作内容,蕴含了很多的保教价值,在婴幼儿的一日生活中起到关键作用,是不可忽视的。
          </p>
          <h3 id="c039">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">二</span>  婴幼儿来园前的准备工作 </span>
          </h3>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d103">(一)保教人员上岗前的个人准备工作</h4>
          <p>①提前10分钟到达工作岗位,更换舒适且便于运动的工作服。</p>
          <p>
            ②整理仪表。不戴戒指,不留长指甲,不披长发,不穿裙子、高跟鞋和拖鞋。
          </p>
          <p>③用流动水和肥皂洗净双手。</p>
          <p>
            ④保持饱满的精神状态。时刻保持着正面、积极的情绪,用爱和快乐的情绪去感染婴幼儿。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d104">(二)有关环境的准备工作</h4>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e101">1.开窗通风</h5>
          <p>
            ①最常用的净化空气的方法就是开窗通风。开窗能使室内空气迅速流通,保证室内空气质量。但遇雾霾天则不建议开窗,在有条件的情况下可开启室内空气净化器,待天气转好后再开窗通风。
          </p>
          <p>
            ②根据不同季节,调整开窗通风的时间和频次。在一般情况下,盥洗室要始终开窗通风。
          </p>
          <p>
            ③使用空调时,窗户要留缝。当室温低于10℃时,要让空调制热;当室温高于26℃时,要让空调制冷。
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h3 id="c038">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">一</span>  来园保育的保教价值 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <p>
          托育机构保育是婴幼儿照护服务的重要组成部分,是生命全周期服务管理的重要内容。托育机构应创设适宜的环境,合理安排一日生活和活动,提供生活照料、安全看护、平衡膳食和早期学习机会,从而促进婴幼儿身体和心理的全面发展。
        </p>
        <p>
          来园环节是婴幼儿在托育机构一日生活保育中的第一个环节。安全、卫生、温馨、舒适的环境对婴幼儿来说是一天愉快生活的基础。保教人员上岗前的个人准备、室内外环境的清洁整理、设施设备的检查、生活物品的准备、教玩具的提供及摆放等,都是来园环节的重要组成部分。来园环节还是建立师生感情、培养婴幼儿的习惯、提高婴幼儿的综合生活能力、开展个性化教育的重要契机。保教人员抓住来园时机与家长交流,能建立起良好的家园沟通平台,实现家园共育。由此可见,来园环节涉及很多工作内容,蕴含了很多的保教价值,在婴幼儿的一日生活中起到关键作用,是不可忽视的。
        </p>
        <h3 id="c039">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">二</span>  婴幼儿来园前的准备工作 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d103">(一)保教人员上岗前的个人准备工作</h4>
        <p>①提前10分钟到达工作岗位,更换舒适且便于运动的工作服。</p>
        <p>
          ②整理仪表。不戴戒指,不留长指甲,不披长发,不穿裙子、高跟鞋和拖鞋。
        </p>
        <p>③用流动水和肥皂洗净双手。</p>
        <p>
          ④保持饱满的精神状态。时刻保持着正面、积极的情绪,用爱和快乐的情绪去感染婴幼儿。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d104">(二)有关环境的准备工作</h4>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e101">1.开窗通风</h5>
        <p>
          ①最常用的净化空气的方法就是开窗通风。开窗能使室内空气迅速流通,保证室内空气质量。但遇雾霾天则不建议开窗,在有条件的情况下可开启室内空气净化器,待天气转好后再开窗通风。
        </p>
        <p>
          ②根据不同季节,调整开窗通风的时间和频次。在一般情况下,盥洗室要始终开窗通风。
        </p>
        <p>
          ③使用空调时,窗户要留缝。当室温低于10℃时,要让空调制热;当室温高于26℃时,要让空调制冷。
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="161">
      <!-- 偶数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">2-14</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(161) > -1">
        <!-- 偶数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">2-14</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e102">2.清洁与消毒</h5>
          <p>
            ①室内外地面清扫。按照由里向外的顺序进行湿性清扫,以免扬灰。包干区域也要保持清洁,不留死角。
          </p>
          <p>
            ②室内物品预防性消毒。按照从上至下的顺序,使用250mg/L浓度的含氯消毒液擦拭婴幼儿所能触及的物品,如教室内外门把手、窗台、窗框、柜面、桌椅、水杯架等。待所有物品表面的消毒液作用20分钟后,去除消毒残留,做到无浮灰、无水渍。
          </p>
          <p>③盥洗室无异味,马桶无便渍,镜面无水渍,地面和台面保持干燥。</p>
          <p>④清洁工具使用后,需清洗、消毒并晾晒,定点安放,有标识。</p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d105">(三)安全检查</h4>
          <p>
            ①教室内的检查。活动室各区域和卧室空间布局合理,避免摆放过多的家具,玩具橱尽量靠墙摆放,避免上层物品过重而倾倒。要留给婴幼儿足够的活动空间,保证婴幼儿游戏、学习和生活安全且有序地开展。婴幼儿使用的教具、玩具及其他物品要符合安全要求。家具要牢固、无尖角和裂缝。如存在任何的安全隐患都要及时排除。
          </p>
          <p>
            ②危险物品的存放。剪刀、回形针、美工刀、拖线板等危险物品需存放在安全、固定的位置;保教人员的保温杯、玻璃杯要放在婴幼儿触及不到的固定橱柜中;消毒用品、杀虫剂、洗涤剂等要上锁,由专人保管。
          </p>
          <p>
            ③户外活动场地检查。婴幼儿的活动场地要平坦、无碎石。大型运动器械要无尖锐突出处、无表面破损、无零件松动、无架构脱落。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d106">(四)准备饮用水</h4>
          <p>
            ①清洗水桶。将沸水灌入水桶,盖上桶盖后震荡,使沸水充分接触水桶内壁,沸水经水龙头流出,再用沸水冲淋水桶外部。
          </p>
          <p>②准备足量的饮用水。水温适中,以滴在成人手背上不烫为宜。</p>
          <p>③准备好饮用水的水桶必须上锁。</p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d107">(五)准备物品及材料</h4>
          <p>
            ①生活物品:保证每个婴幼儿有专用的擦脸巾、擦汗巾、擦手巾、水杯、洗手液或肥皂、卫生纸、纸尿裤等。
          </p>
          <p>
            ②根据每日教学工作计划,布置游戏区域,投放各类材料,准备各类玩具、书籍,合理地摆放户外活动场地的器械等。
          </p>
          <p>③所有物品应按指定的归纳位置分类摆放,做到整洁、美观。</p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e102">2.清洁与消毒</h5>
        <p>
          ①室内外地面清扫。按照由里向外的顺序进行湿性清扫,以免扬灰。包干区域也要保持清洁,不留死角。
        </p>
        <p>
          ②室内物品预防性消毒。按照从上至下的顺序,使用250mg/L浓度的含氯消毒液擦拭婴幼儿所能触及的物品,如教室内外门把手、窗台、窗框、柜面、桌椅、水杯架等。待所有物品表面的消毒液作用20分钟后,去除消毒残留,做到无浮灰、无水渍。
        </p>
        <p>③盥洗室无异味,马桶无便渍,镜面无水渍,地面和台面保持干燥。</p>
        <p>④清洁工具使用后,需清洗、消毒并晾晒,定点安放,有标识。</p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d105">(三)安全检查</h4>
        <p>
          ①教室内的检查。活动室各区域和卧室空间布局合理,避免摆放过多的家具,玩具橱尽量靠墙摆放,避免上层物品过重而倾倒。要留给婴幼儿足够的活动空间,保证婴幼儿游戏、学习和生活安全且有序地开展。婴幼儿使用的教具、玩具及其他物品要符合安全要求。家具要牢固、无尖角和裂缝。如存在任何的安全隐患都要及时排除。
        </p>
        <p>
          ②危险物品的存放。剪刀、回形针、美工刀、拖线板等危险物品需存放在安全、固定的位置;保教人员的保温杯、玻璃杯要放在婴幼儿触及不到的固定橱柜中;消毒用品、杀虫剂、洗涤剂等要上锁,由专人保管。
        </p>
        <p>
          ③户外活动场地检查。婴幼儿的活动场地要平坦、无碎石。大型运动器械要无尖锐突出处、无表面破损、无零件松动、无架构脱落。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d106">(四)准备饮用水</h4>
        <p>
          ①清洗水桶。将沸水灌入水桶,盖上桶盖后震荡,使沸水充分接触水桶内壁,沸水经水龙头流出,再用沸水冲淋水桶外部。
        </p>
        <p>②准备足量的饮用水。水温适中,以滴在成人手背上不烫为宜。</p>
        <p>③准备好饮用水的水桶必须上锁。</p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d107">(五)准备物品及材料</h4>
        <p>
          ①生活物品:保证每个婴幼儿有专用的擦脸巾、擦汗巾、擦手巾、水杯、洗手液或肥皂、卫生纸、纸尿裤等。
        </p>
        <p>
          ②根据每日教学工作计划,布置游戏区域,投放各类材料,准备各类玩具、书籍,合理地摆放户外活动场地的器械等。
        </p>
        <p>③所有物品应按指定的归纳位置分类摆放,做到整洁、美观。</p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="162">
      <!-- 奇数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">专题二·来园活动护照</span>
              <span class="pageNum">2-15</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(162) > -1">
        <!-- 奇数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">专题二·来园活动护照</span>
                <span class="pageNum">2-15</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d108">(六)沟通协作</h4>
          <p>
            与班组的保教人员简单沟通当天的工作内容,保证婴幼儿一日生活有序进行。
          </p>
          <h3 id="c040">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">三</span>  来园活动存在的安全隐患 </span>
          </h3>
          <p>
            ①入园时,低龄婴幼儿的家长经常有很多琐事要告知与交接,托育机构的保教人员忙于接待,容易疏忽徘徊在门口的婴幼儿,导致婴幼儿自行离开,易发生意外或走失。
          </p>
          <p>②来园活动区域安排不当,空间布局拥挤,容易造成婴幼儿碰撞或跌倒。</p>
          <p>③在来园活动中,为婴幼儿投放的玩具过少,容易引起婴幼儿的争抢矛盾。</p>
          <p>④婴幼儿入园洗手、如厕后,地面的水渍未及时清理,容易致使滑倒受伤。</p>
          <p>
            ⑤保教人员的管理不到位,没有关注到躲在角落里的婴幼儿,当意外发生时,不能及时采取有效措施。
          </p>
          <h3 id="c041">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">四</span>  防范来园活动中的安全问题 </span>
          </h3>
          <p>
            在婴幼儿来园前时,我们对环境和物品进行了安全检查,以排除隐患。在婴幼儿来园时,又要注意哪些安全问题?遇到问题该如何解决呢?
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d109">(一)采取三位一体的站位</h4>
          <p>
            随着婴幼儿陆续来园,家长聚集在班级门外,班级中人数增多,婴幼儿会分散在教室的各个活动区域中进行游戏。由于意外的发生往往是一瞬间的,因此,班级中的保教人员需要互相配合,分别站在教室、盥洗室和活动室门口,全方位、无死角地观察每一名婴幼儿。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d110">(二)避免婴幼儿奔跑与攀爬</h4>
          <p>
            婴幼儿活泼好动,而身体协调能力差,对危险缺乏认知,自我保护能力还未完善。有时,婴幼儿来园时看到同伴容易兴奋,易在教室有限的空间内奔跑、打闹,应谨防碰撞与意外的发生。不要将椅子等可登高的物体放在窗台下,避免婴幼儿攀爬,防止婴幼儿从高处跌落。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d111">(三)婴幼儿入园就洗手</h4>
          <p>
            在指导和帮助婴幼儿正确洗手的同时,要注意婴幼儿是否弄湿衣裤,是否有水溅到地面上。如果有水渍需及时清理,要始终保持地面干燥,避免滑倒摔伤。
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d108">(六)沟通协作</h4>
        <p>
          与班组的保教人员简单沟通当天的工作内容,保证婴幼儿一日生活有序进行。
        </p>
        <h3 id="c040">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">三</span>  来园活动存在的安全隐患 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <p>
          ①入园时,低龄婴幼儿的家长经常有很多琐事要告知与交接,托育机构的保教人员忙于接待,容易疏忽徘徊在门口的婴幼儿,导致婴幼儿自行离开,易发生意外或走失。
        </p>
        <p>②来园活动区域安排不当,空间布局拥挤,容易造成婴幼儿碰撞或跌倒。</p>
        <p>③在来园活动中,为婴幼儿投放的玩具过少,容易引起婴幼儿的争抢矛盾。</p>
        <p>④婴幼儿入园洗手、如厕后,地面的水渍未及时清理,容易致使滑倒受伤。</p>
        <p>
          ⑤保教人员的管理不到位,没有关注到躲在角落里的婴幼儿,当意外发生时,不能及时采取有效措施。
        </p>
        <h3 id="c041">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">四</span>  防范来园活动中的安全问题 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <p>
          在婴幼儿来园前时,我们对环境和物品进行了安全检查,以排除隐患。在婴幼儿来园时,又要注意哪些安全问题?遇到问题该如何解决呢?
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d109">(一)采取三位一体的站位</h4>
        <p>
          随着婴幼儿陆续来园,家长聚集在班级门外,班级中人数增多,婴幼儿会分散在教室的各个活动区域中进行游戏。由于意外的发生往往是一瞬间的,因此,班级中的保教人员需要互相配合,分别站在教室、盥洗室和活动室门口,全方位、无死角地观察每一名婴幼儿。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d110">(二)避免婴幼儿奔跑与攀爬</h4>
        <p>
          婴幼儿活泼好动,而身体协调能力差,对危险缺乏认知,自我保护能力还未完善。有时,婴幼儿来园时看到同伴容易兴奋,易在教室有限的空间内奔跑、打闹,应谨防碰撞与意外的发生。不要将椅子等可登高的物体放在窗台下,避免婴幼儿攀爬,防止婴幼儿从高处跌落。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d111">(三)婴幼儿入园就洗手</h4>
        <p>
          在指导和帮助婴幼儿正确洗手的同时,要注意婴幼儿是否弄湿衣裤,是否有水溅到地面上。如果有水渍需及时清理,要始终保持地面干燥,避免滑倒摔伤。
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="163">
      <!-- 偶数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">2-16</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(163) > -1">
        <!-- 偶数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">2-16</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d112">(四)及时清点婴幼儿人数</h4>
          <p>
            来园活动结束后,保教人员要认真清点婴幼儿的人数,对于未到园的婴幼儿,要及时联系家长了解原因,并做好出勤记录。
          </p>
          <h3 id="c042">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">五</span>  来园接待的内容 </span>
          </h3>
          <p>①营造温馨、舒适、轻松的环境,迎接婴幼儿的到来。</p>
          <p>②热情接待每一位家长和每一名婴幼儿,对婴幼儿亲切问好。</p>
          <p>
            ③与家长进行简短的交谈,了解婴幼儿在家的情况,仔细倾听家长的嘱咐和要求。
          </p>
          <p>④接收家长带来的婴幼儿物品。</p>
          <p>⑤引导婴幼儿与同伴问好,与家长说再见。</p>
          <p>⑥引导婴幼儿愉快地加入班级活动。</p>
          <h3 id="c043">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">六</span>  安抚来园婴幼儿的不良情绪 </span>
          </h3>
          <p>
            刚入园的婴幼儿普遍会出现哭闹和不愿入园的情况,表现多为亲子分离焦虑。婴幼儿在假期结束后或者病愈后返园,也容易产生不良情绪。婴幼儿对熟悉的环境和朝夕相处的亲人有很强的依赖性,一旦进入园所就意味着要与最亲的父母、最爱的家人、最熟悉的环境有短暂的分离,经受情感依恋的考验,这会导致情绪焦虑和情绪爆发。因此,安抚婴幼儿的情绪是来园活动中非常重要的一项工作,可以采取以下措施缓解入园的焦虑情绪。
          </p>
          <p>
            ①根据不同年龄段婴幼儿的特点创设温馨、舒适的教室环境,年龄较小的婴幼儿班级应尽可能营造家庭的氛围,让婴幼儿产生安全感。
          </p>
          <p>
            ②婴幼儿有强烈的好奇心和探索欲,在环境中放置一些有吸引力的小玩具或婴幼儿容易感兴趣的事物,让婴幼儿参与游戏,有愉快的体验,从而转移婴幼儿的注意力、缓解焦虑情绪。
          </p>
          <p>
            ③保教人员可用轻柔的身体动作、亲切的安抚语言,稳定婴幼儿的焦虑情绪,让婴幼儿感受到自己是受关爱与呵护的,进而慢慢放松。
          </p>
          <p>
            ④要善于观察婴幼儿的各种反应,及时给予回应和安慰,让婴幼儿产生信任感。
          </p>
          <p>
            ⑤与家长进行交流,了解婴幼儿的习性,并请家长一同配合做好来园的情绪安抚工作。例如,家长可在家帮助婴幼儿树立入园是一件开心的事的意识。家长也要理性对待婴幼儿入托一事,多给婴幼儿一些鼓励。有的家长对自己的
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d112">(四)及时清点婴幼儿人数</h4>
        <p>
          来园活动结束后,保教人员要认真清点婴幼儿的人数,对于未到园的婴幼儿,要及时联系家长了解原因,并做好出勤记录。
        </p>
        <h3 id="c042">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">五</span>  来园接待的内容 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <p>①营造温馨、舒适、轻松的环境,迎接婴幼儿的到来。</p>
        <p>②热情接待每一位家长和每一名婴幼儿,对婴幼儿亲切问好。</p>
        <p>
          ③与家长进行简短的交谈,了解婴幼儿在家的情况,仔细倾听家长的嘱咐和要求。
        </p>
        <p>④接收家长带来的婴幼儿物品。</p>
        <p>⑤引导婴幼儿与同伴问好,与家长说再见。</p>
        <p>⑥引导婴幼儿愉快地加入班级活动。</p>
        <h3 id="c043">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">六</span>  安抚来园婴幼儿的不良情绪 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <p>
          刚入园的婴幼儿普遍会出现哭闹和不愿入园的情况,表现多为亲子分离焦虑。婴幼儿在假期结束后或者病愈后返园,也容易产生不良情绪。婴幼儿对熟悉的环境和朝夕相处的亲人有很强的依赖性,一旦进入园所就意味着要与最亲的父母、最爱的家人、最熟悉的环境有短暂的分离,经受情感依恋的考验,这会导致情绪焦虑和情绪爆发。因此,安抚婴幼儿的情绪是来园活动中非常重要的一项工作,可以采取以下措施缓解入园的焦虑情绪。
        </p>
        <p>
          ①根据不同年龄段婴幼儿的特点创设温馨、舒适的教室环境,年龄较小的婴幼儿班级应尽可能营造家庭的氛围,让婴幼儿产生安全感。
        </p>
        <p>
          ②婴幼儿有强烈的好奇心和探索欲,在环境中放置一些有吸引力的小玩具或婴幼儿容易感兴趣的事物,让婴幼儿参与游戏,有愉快的体验,从而转移婴幼儿的注意力、缓解焦虑情绪。
        </p>
        <p>
          ③保教人员可用轻柔的身体动作、亲切的安抚语言,稳定婴幼儿的焦虑情绪,让婴幼儿感受到自己是受关爱与呵护的,进而慢慢放松。
        </p>
        <p>
          ④要善于观察婴幼儿的各种反应,及时给予回应和安慰,让婴幼儿产生信任感。
        </p>
        <p>
          ⑤与家长进行交流,了解婴幼儿的习性,并请家长一同配合做好来园的情绪安抚工作。例如,家长可在家帮助婴幼儿树立入园是一件开心的事的意识。家长也要理性对待婴幼儿入托一事,多给婴幼儿一些鼓励。有的家长对自己的
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="164">
      <!-- 奇数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">专题二·来园活动护照</span>
              <span class="pageNum">2-17</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(164) > -1">
        <!-- 奇数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">专题二·来园活动护照</span>
                <span class="pageNum">2-17</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>
          宝宝也有依恋情感,会担心和不舍,甚至与婴幼儿一起流泪,反而容易将自己的情绪传递给婴幼儿,这对婴幼儿适应托育机构的生活是非常不利的。保教人员应引导家长将婴幼儿送到托育机构后微笑着与宝宝道别,不宜停留过久。
        </p>
        <h3 id="c044">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">七</span
            >  有效开展来园接待工作的方法 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d113">(一)建立良好的师幼关系</h4>
        <p>
          在托育机构里,婴幼儿对保教人员的情感依赖是家庭亲子情感的转移。保教人员对婴幼儿的态度与行为,会直接影响婴幼儿的心理。每天来园时,保教人员可通过温柔的表情、亲切的语言和轻柔的肢体动作,带给婴幼儿良好的情感体验,这有利于帮助婴幼儿消除紧张情绪,产生安全感和信赖感。例如,微笑、点头、拥抱、抚摸、亲切问候等和蔼可亲的表现方式都能使婴幼儿感受到被关怀和被爱,从而得到情感上的满足。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d114">(二)建立信任的家园关系</h4>
        <p>
          来园时,保教人员可以与家长进行简短、有效的交流,了解婴幼儿在家的情况,了解婴幼儿的健康情况,以便于更好地开展婴幼儿一日生活的照料。同时,保教人员应有针对性地回应,展现出正确的教育理念和专业性,让家长增加对保教人员的信任感,拉近家园情感距离,增强家园衔接的有效性,以达到家园共育的最佳效果。
        </p>
        <h3 id="c045">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">八</span>  晨间检查的必要性 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <p>
          婴幼儿自身免疫系统发育未完善,对各种疾病的抵抗力较差。入园前,原本单一、封闭的家庭养育模式使得婴幼儿与外界接触少,受细菌、病毒侵入的概率低。而进入托育机构后,婴幼儿相对聚集,如有一个婴幼儿患病,就很容易造成疾病传播,特别是传染病的发生和扩散。因此,及时发现和隔离,做到早发现、早报告、早隔离、早治疗,能确保每个幼儿的健康。认真执行晨间检查制度,是预防婴幼儿疾病的一个重要措施,是保证婴幼儿安全入园的重要途径,是托育机构日常工作的重要内容。
        </p>
        <h3 id="c046">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">九</span>  开展晨间检查 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d115">(一)晨间检查用品的准备</h4>
        <p>保教人员应准备消毒过的体温计(或体温测量仪器)和压舌板,装有电</p>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>
            宝宝也有依恋情感,会担心和不舍,甚至与婴幼儿一起流泪,反而容易将自己的情绪传递给婴幼儿,这对婴幼儿适应托育机构的生活是非常不利的。保教人员应引导家长将婴幼儿送到托育机构后微笑着与宝宝道别,不宜停留过久。
          </p>
          <h3 id="c044">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">七</span>  有效开展来园接待工作的方法 </span>
          </h3>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d113">(一)建立良好的师幼关系</h4>
          <p>
            在托育机构里,婴幼儿对保教人员的情感依赖是家庭亲子情感的转移。保教人员对婴幼儿的态度与行为,会直接影响婴幼儿的心理。每天来园时,保教人员可通过温柔的表情、亲切的语言和轻柔的肢体动作,带给婴幼儿良好的情感体验,这有利于帮助婴幼儿消除紧张情绪,产生安全感和信赖感。例如,微笑、点头、拥抱、抚摸、亲切问候等和蔼可亲的表现方式都能使婴幼儿感受到被关怀和被爱,从而得到情感上的满足。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d114">(二)建立信任的家园关系</h4>
          <p>
            来园时,保教人员可以与家长进行简短、有效的交流,了解婴幼儿在家的情况,了解婴幼儿的健康情况,以便于更好地开展婴幼儿一日生活的照料。同时,保教人员应有针对性地回应,展现出正确的教育理念和专业性,让家长增加对保教人员的信任感,拉近家园情感距离,增强家园衔接的有效性,以达到家园共育的最佳效果。
          </p>
          <h3 id="c045">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">八</span>  晨间检查的必要性 </span>
          </h3>
          <p>
            婴幼儿自身免疫系统发育未完善,对各种疾病的抵抗力较差。入园前,原本单一、封闭的家庭养育模式使得婴幼儿与外界接触少,受细菌、病毒侵入的概率低。而进入托育机构后,婴幼儿相对聚集,如有一个婴幼儿患病,就很容易造成疾病传播,特别是传染病的发生和扩散。因此,及时发现和隔离,做到早发现、早报告、早隔离、早治疗,能确保每个幼儿的健康。认真执行晨间检查制度,是预防婴幼儿疾病的一个重要措施,是保证婴幼儿安全入园的重要途径,是托育机构日常工作的重要内容。
          </p>
          <h3 id="c046">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">九</span>  开展晨间检查 </span>
          </h3>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d115">(一)晨间检查用品的准备</h4>
          <p>保教人员应准备消毒过的体温计(或体温测量仪器)和压舌板,装有电</p>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="165">
      <!-- 偶数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">2-18</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(165) > -1">
        <!-- 偶数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">2-18</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>
            池的手电筒,外用药(如酒精、碘伏、烫伤膏),敷料(如纱布、棉球、棉签、创可贴),消毒过的晨检牌,用于记录晨检时发现的异常全日观察记录本,婴幼儿服药记录本。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d116">(二)晨间检查工作的具体步骤</h4>
          <p>
            一问:询问家长婴幼儿在家的情况(饮食、睡眠、大小便等),从而了解婴幼儿的健康状况。
          </p>
          <p>
            二看:看婴幼儿的面色、精神状态、五官、咽喉、裸露在外的皮肤等有无异常,看是否有某些传染病的早期症状。
          </p>
          <p>
            三摸:用手触摸婴幼儿的额头,初步辨别有无发热现象。给疑似发热的婴幼儿测量体温。触摸婴幼儿的淋巴结、腮腺,辨别有无肿大情况。
          </p>
          <p>
            四查:根据传染病流行季节,检查相应部位。查看婴幼儿双手和指甲是否干净卫生,衣着是否整洁且便于活动(建议根据天气、季节穿着合适的衣物,不穿露趾凉鞋、拖鞋,不穿抽绳连帽衫、紧身低腰裤,不佩戴玉器、项链、手链等)。检查婴幼儿有无携带尖锐的、过小的、有危险性的物品(有尖角的玩具、小珠子、坚果、果冻等)。如发现婴幼儿携带不适宜入园的物品和食品,应交由家长带回。
          </p>
          <p>
            五登记:在晨检过程中发现的异常情况要进行及时、翔实的记录,并在一日观察记录本中重点记录特殊婴幼儿的健康状况。若发现婴幼儿发热,应向家长了解婴幼儿发热的原因、有无到医院就诊。如果没有就诊,应说服家长带婴幼儿到医院就诊或回家休息。若发现婴幼儿有传染病的可疑症状,要告知家长立即带婴幼儿去医院排查诊治,并及时反馈就诊情况,如确诊为传染病,要启动传染病预案,请该病儿在家进行观察隔离,待痊愈且隔离期满后方可返园。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d117">(三)晨间检查牌的作用</h4>
          <p>
            经过晨间检查,根据婴幼儿的状况,分别发放不同颜色的晨间检查牌,用来帮助保教人员识别每一名婴幼儿的健康状况,了解是否需要用药、是否需要加强照顾等。
          </p>
          <p>
            一般来说,晨间检查牌分三种颜色:绿色牌子表示婴幼儿一切正常,黄色牌子表示婴幼儿今天需要特别关注,红色牌子表示婴幼儿需要用药。也有托育机构会增加不同颜色的晨检牌,用来细分更多情况,如呼吸道疾病、肠胃不适、外伤等。
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>
          池的手电筒,外用药(如酒精、碘伏、烫伤膏),敷料(如纱布、棉球、棉签、创可贴),消毒过的晨检牌,用于记录晨检时发现的异常全日观察记录本,婴幼儿服药记录本。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d116">(二)晨间检查工作的具体步骤</h4>
        <p>
          一问:询问家长婴幼儿在家的情况(饮食、睡眠、大小便等),从而了解婴幼儿的健康状况。
        </p>
        <p>
          二看:看婴幼儿的面色、精神状态、五官、咽喉、裸露在外的皮肤等有无异常,看是否有某些传染病的早期症状。
        </p>
        <p>
          三摸:用手触摸婴幼儿的额头,初步辨别有无发热现象。给疑似发热的婴幼儿测量体温。触摸婴幼儿的淋巴结、腮腺,辨别有无肿大情况。
        </p>
        <p>
          四查:根据传染病流行季节,检查相应部位。查看婴幼儿双手和指甲是否干净卫生,衣着是否整洁且便于活动(建议根据天气、季节穿着合适的衣物,不穿露趾凉鞋、拖鞋,不穿抽绳连帽衫、紧身低腰裤,不佩戴玉器、项链、手链等)。检查婴幼儿有无携带尖锐的、过小的、有危险性的物品(有尖角的玩具、小珠子、坚果、果冻等)。如发现婴幼儿携带不适宜入园的物品和食品,应交由家长带回。
        </p>
        <p>
          五登记:在晨检过程中发现的异常情况要进行及时、翔实的记录,并在一日观察记录本中重点记录特殊婴幼儿的健康状况。若发现婴幼儿发热,应向家长了解婴幼儿发热的原因、有无到医院就诊。如果没有就诊,应说服家长带婴幼儿到医院就诊或回家休息。若发现婴幼儿有传染病的可疑症状,要告知家长立即带婴幼儿去医院排查诊治,并及时反馈就诊情况,如确诊为传染病,要启动传染病预案,请该病儿在家进行观察隔离,待痊愈且隔离期满后方可返园。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d117">(三)晨间检查牌的作用</h4>
        <p>
          经过晨间检查,根据婴幼儿的状况,分别发放不同颜色的晨间检查牌,用来帮助保教人员识别每一名婴幼儿的健康状况,了解是否需要用药、是否需要加强照顾等。
        </p>
        <p>
          一般来说,晨间检查牌分三种颜色:绿色牌子表示婴幼儿一切正常,黄色牌子表示婴幼儿今天需要特别关注,红色牌子表示婴幼儿需要用药。也有托育机构会增加不同颜色的晨检牌,用来细分更多情况,如呼吸道疾病、肠胃不适、外伤等。
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="166">
      <!-- 奇数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">专题二·来园活动护照</span>
              <span class="pageNum">2-19</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(166) > -1">
        <!-- 奇数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">专题二·来园活动护照</span>
                <span class="pageNum">2-19</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h3 id="c047">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">十</span>  接待带药的婴幼儿 </span>
          </h3>
          <p>
            进入托育机构的婴幼儿经常会因为自身抵抗力差、环境改变、季节变化、情绪影响等因素出现病症,家长通常会及时带婴幼儿去医院就诊。在排除传染病疾病和器质性疾病后,保教人员还是会鼓励家长坚持送婴幼儿入园。因为长时间在家休养会使较小年龄的婴幼儿产生不愿意上托育机构的情绪,造成适应期延长,不利于婴幼儿的健康成长。
          </p>
          <p>
            对于需要在托育机构服用药物的婴幼儿,保教人员要让家长出具医生的疾病诊断证明和开药证明,并复印留存。任何人不得接收家长私自带来的任何药物或保健品。
          </p>
          <p>
            请家长填好“喂药委托及服药记录表”,签字后方可给婴幼儿用药。“喂药委托及服药记录表”的内容包括:当天日期、用药者姓名、所在班级、用药者的疾病症状、药品名称、使用方法及剂量、给药时间、家长签名。除此之外,给药的保教人员应实际填写婴幼儿服药后有无不良反应并签名。
          </p>
          <p>
            收纳管理婴幼儿药物时,必须根据“喂药委托及服药记录表”上的内容进行核对,并在药物标签上标注用药婴幼儿的姓名。给药时要仔细核对,确保婴幼儿用药的准确性和安全性。
          </p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <p class="left"><span class="bj3">学习反思</span></p>
            <textarea v-model="chapter011.textAreaItem.text39" style="border: 0" placeholder="请输入内容" rows="5"
              class="textareaInput" @blur="onBlurChange('text39')"></textarea>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h3 id="c047">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">十</span>  接待带药的婴幼儿 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <p>
          进入托育机构的婴幼儿经常会因为自身抵抗力差、环境改变、季节变化、情绪影响等因素出现病症,家长通常会及时带婴幼儿去医院就诊。在排除传染病疾病和器质性疾病后,保教人员还是会鼓励家长坚持送婴幼儿入园。因为长时间在家休养会使较小年龄的婴幼儿产生不愿意上托育机构的情绪,造成适应期延长,不利于婴幼儿的健康成长。
        </p>
        <p>
          对于需要在托育机构服用药物的婴幼儿,保教人员要让家长出具医生的疾病诊断证明和开药证明,并复印留存。任何人不得接收家长私自带来的任何药物或保健品。
        </p>
        <p>
          请家长填好“喂药委托及服药记录表”,签字后方可给婴幼儿用药。“喂药委托及服药记录表”的内容包括:当天日期、用药者姓名、所在班级、用药者的疾病症状、药品名称、使用方法及剂量、给药时间、家长签名。除此之外,给药的保教人员应实际填写婴幼儿服药后有无不良反应并签名。
        </p>
        <p>
          收纳管理婴幼儿药物时,必须根据“喂药委托及服药记录表”上的内容进行核对,并在药物标签上标注用药婴幼儿的姓名。给药时要仔细核对,确保婴幼儿用药的准确性和安全性。
        </p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <p class="left"><span class="bj3">学习反思</span></p>
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter011.textAreaItem.text39"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            class="textareaInput"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text39')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
  name: "chapter011",
  props: {
    showPageList: {
      type: Array,
      default: [],
    },
    questionData: {
      type: Object,
    },
  },
  data() {
    return {
      chapter011: {
src/books/lifeCare/view/chapter012.vue
@@ -1,133 +1,138 @@
<template>
  <div class="chapter" num="13">
    <div class="page-box" page="167">
      <div class="bodystyle topImg">
        <h2 id="b011"><img class="img-0" alt="" src="../image/zt3.jpg" /></h2>
        <div class="bk">
          <div class="bj1">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/zt-xxmb.jpg" />
            </p>
          </div>
          <p class="block">学习本专题,你将达成以下目标。</p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
            能说出洗手的重要性。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
            知道洗手的时机。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
            能组织、指导婴幼儿洗手。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
            能根据婴幼儿眼、耳、鼻、口腔和皮肤的特点实施清洁。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
            能对不同性别的婴幼儿进行清洁。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
            能引导婴幼儿养成良好的盥洗习惯。
          </p>
        </div>
        <div class="bk">
          <div class="bj1">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/zt-gjc.jpg" />
            </p>
          </div>
          <p class="block">
            盥洗:通常指洗手或洗脸。在本教材中,盥洗针对的是婴幼儿的皮肤清洁、五官清洁和口腔清洁。
          </p>
        </div>
        <p>
          在托育机构中,能帮助保教人员做到预防疾病感染和防止病菌传播的最重要的事情是洗手。洗手有助于阻断病原体传播,减少疾病的发生率。保教人员自身养成勤洗手的习惯,同时帮助或教会婴幼儿在适当的时间正确地洗手,是防止病菌传播的重要方式。此外,保教人员还需要采取正确的方式给婴幼儿实施其他部位的清洁,做好清洁护理工作,预防疾病发生。
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="168">
      <!-- 奇数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">专题三·盥洗活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">2-21</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(167) > -1">
        <div class="bodystyle topImg">
          <h2 id="b011"><img class="img-0" alt="" src="../image/zt3.jpg" /></h2>
          <div class="bk">
            <div class="bj1">
              <p class="left">
                <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/zt-xxmb.jpg" />
              </p>
            </div>
            <p class="block">学习本专题,你将达成以下目标。</p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
              能说出洗手的重要性。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
              知道洗手的时机。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
              能组织、指导婴幼儿洗手。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
              能根据婴幼儿眼、耳、鼻、口腔和皮肤的特点实施清洁。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
              能对不同性别的婴幼儿进行清洁。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
              能引导婴幼儿养成良好的盥洗习惯。
            </p>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
          <div class="bk">
            <div class="bj1">
              <p class="left">
                <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/zt-gjc.jpg" />
              </p>
            </div>
            <p class="block">
              盥洗:通常指洗手或洗脸。在本教材中,盥洗针对的是婴幼儿的皮肤清洁、五官清洁和口腔清洁。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p>
            在托育机构中,能帮助保教人员做到预防疾病感染和防止病菌传播的最重要的事情是洗手。洗手有助于阻断病原体传播,减少疾病的发生率。保教人员自身养成勤洗手的习惯,同时帮助或教会婴幼儿在适当的时间正确地洗手,是防止病菌传播的重要方式。此外,保教人员还需要采取正确的方式给婴幼儿实施其他部位的清洁,做好清洁护理工作,预防疾病发生。
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h3 id="c048">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">一</span>  洗手的重要性 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <div class="bk-ztgs">
          <p class="bj1-ztgs">⊙ 关于洗手的故事 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            这个故事发生在大约170年前的奥地利总医院。这个医院的各个科室的医疗水平都是全世界顶尖的,可是医院的产科却很糟糕,产妇因为产后感染死亡的概率竟然高达18%,死亡率比在家生产的还高!没人知道原因是什么,因为那时候还没有细菌的概念,医生不穿白大褂,没有口罩,甚至不洗手。
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="168">
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(168) > -1">
        <!-- 奇数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">专题三·盥洗活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">2-21</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h3 id="c048">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">一</span>  洗手的重要性 </span>
          </h3>
          <div class="bk-ztgs">
            <p class="bj1-ztgs">⊙ 关于洗手的故事 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              这个故事发生在大约170年前的奥地利总医院。这个医院的各个科室的医疗水平都是全世界顶尖的,可是医院的产科却很糟糕,产妇因为产后感染死亡的概率竟然高达18%,死亡率比在家生产的还高!没人知道原因是什么,因为那时候还没有细菌的概念,医生不穿白大褂,没有口罩,甚至不洗手。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              产科主任塞麦尔维斯因此承担了巨大的压力。看着一个个家庭的女主人,在那么年轻的时候就死去,他内心极度煎熬。经过了细致、严苛的梳理,他认为可能是刚刚做完解剖手术就去接生,尸体上的某些物质传递到了产妇身上,于是他要求接生之前用漂白粉洗手,这项简单的措施使产妇的死亡率降低至1%。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              铁的事实告诉了塞麦尔维斯洗手的重要性,于是他广泛宣传并督促他的同行洗手,他成了医学史上传播洗手重要性的第一人。洗手是控制感染的开始,是人类卫生史上的一个里程碑。
            </p>
          </div>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d118">(一)婴幼儿洗手可以有效降低感染风险</h4>
          <p>
            婴幼儿的免疫系统不成熟、不完善,容易受到各种不良因素的影响,成为被感染的高危人群。洗手是预防疾病最简便有效的措施之一。婴幼儿在生活中,手不断接触到被病毒、细菌污染的物品,如果不能及时正确洗手,手上的病原体可能通过手和口、眼、鼻的黏膜接触进入人体。洗手可以简单有效地切断这一途径,降低感染风险。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            产科主任塞麦尔维斯因此承担了巨大的压力。看着一个个家庭的女主人,在那么年轻的时候就死去,他内心极度煎熬。经过了细致、严苛的梳理,他认为可能是刚刚做完解剖手术就去接生,尸体上的某些物质传递到了产妇身上,于是他要求接生之前用漂白粉洗手,这项简单的措施使产妇的死亡率降低至1%。
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d119">(二)保教人员洗手可以有效减少交叉感染</h4>
          <p>
            保教人员需要频繁接触婴幼儿,如果自身不注意手的卫生,就会将手上携带的病菌传播给婴幼儿,造成交叉感染。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            铁的事实告诉了塞麦尔维斯洗手的重要性,于是他广泛宣传并督促他的同行洗手,他成了医学史上传播洗手重要性的第一人。洗手是控制感染的开始,是人类卫生史上的一个里程碑。
          <h3 id="c049">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">二</span>  洗手的时机 </span>
          </h3>
          <p>
            婴幼儿在如厕后、吃东西前、接触宠物后、外出归来后(去户外活动或外出游玩回来)、咳嗽后、打喷嚏后、擦鼻涕后、接触脏东西后都需要洗手。
          </p>
          <p>
            保育员在上完厕所后,给婴儿换尿不湿前后,给幼儿擦屁股后,给婴幼儿(或自己)擦鼻涕后,打扫及处理脏东西后,给药前后,每次准备餐点前,喂婴幼儿吃东西或喝奶前,给婴幼儿做清洁、抚触、被动操等护理工作前后也都需要洗手。
          </p>
        </div>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d118">(一)婴幼儿洗手可以有效降低感染风险</h4>
        <p>
          婴幼儿的免疫系统不成熟、不完善,容易受到各种不良因素的影响,成为被感染的高危人群。洗手是预防疾病最简便有效的措施之一。婴幼儿在生活中,手不断接触到被病毒、细菌污染的物品,如果不能及时正确洗手,手上的病原体可能通过手和口、眼、鼻的黏膜接触进入人体。洗手可以简单有效地切断这一途径,降低感染风险。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d119">(二)保教人员洗手可以有效减少交叉感染</h4>
        <p>
          保教人员需要频繁接触婴幼儿,如果自身不注意手的卫生,就会将手上携带的病菌传播给婴幼儿,造成交叉感染。
        </p>
        <h3 id="c049">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">二</span>  洗手的时机 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <p>
          婴幼儿在如厕后、吃东西前、接触宠物后、外出归来后(去户外活动或外出游玩回来)、咳嗽后、打喷嚏后、擦鼻涕后、接触脏东西后都需要洗手。
        </p>
        <p>
          保育员在上完厕所后,给婴儿换尿不湿前后,给幼儿擦屁股后,给婴幼儿(或自己)擦鼻涕后,打扫及处理脏东西后,给药前后,每次准备餐点前,喂婴幼儿吃东西或喝奶前,给婴幼儿做清洁、抚触、被动操等护理工作前后也都需要洗手。
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="169">
      <!-- 偶数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">2-22</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(169) > -1">
        <!-- 偶数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">2-22</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h3 id="c050">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">三</span>  组织和指导婴幼儿洗手 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <p><br /></p>
        <div class="bk-zt1">
          <!-- <div class="bj1-zt1">
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h3 id="c050">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">三</span>  组织和指导婴幼儿洗手 </span>
          </h3>
          <p><br /></p>
          <div class="bk-zt1">
            <!-- <div class="bj1-zt1">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn-zt" alt="" src="../image/zt-sys.png" />
            </p>
@@ -135,503 +140,547 @@
          <p class="center">
            <img class="img-g" alt="" src="../image/0185-1.jpg" />
          </p> -->
            <p>
              了解幼儿盥洗用品的摆放要求、洗手池清洁消毒的操作要求和卫生要求、盥洗室清洁卫生的要求,看《托育园盥洗环境创设规范》。
            </p>
            <div class="tips-bk">
              <div class="bj-tip tip-specail">托育园盥洗环境创设规范</div>
              <div class="tips-file">
                <div class="p-text">
                  <p>(一)婴幼儿盥洗用品的摆放要求</p>
                  <p>①用品准备齐全:洗手液、消毒毛巾(一人一巾)。</p>
                  <p>
                    ②水池台面两边各贴一个小标签,将洗手液按线摆放,以便随时归位。
                  </p>
                  <p>(二)洗手池清洁消毒的操作要求和卫生要求</p>
                  <p>(1)清洁消毒的操作要求</p>
                  <p>①配制清洁剂:用1∶10的洗洁精溶液。</p>
                  <p>
                    ②首先,用刷子蘸取洗洁精溶液,刷洗洗手池内外表面及水龙头,特别是藏垢处,一定要刷洗干净。然后,用清水冲洗干净。最后,用清洁抹布蘸洗洁精溶液,将洗手池内外表面及水龙头擦洗一遍,并用清水冲洗干净(注意洗手池出水口及台面)。
                  </p>
                  <p>
                    ③配制浓度为500 mg/L的含氯消毒液,用专用毛巾对台盆及龙头进行擦拭消毒。
                  </p>
                  <p>④将清洁工具用清水冲洗干净,将毛巾洗净后晾干。</p>
                  <p>(2)卫生要求</p>
                  <p>
                    ①始终保持洗手池台面干燥,尤其是接触婴幼儿身体的台面边缘,避免婴幼儿弄湿衣服。
                  </p>
                  <p>
                    ②镜子和水龙头随时保持干净,没有水渍,水龙头开关的背面也要保持干净。
                  </p>
                  <p>③用专用抹布擦拭,防止镜子和水龙头表面产生划痕。</p>
                  <p>三)盥洗室清洁卫生的要求</p>
                  <p>
                    ①对于擦拭不同位置的抹布和拖把,应加以区分并固定安放(用完后放到标有标识的固定位置),不可混用。
                  </p>
                  <p>
                    ②盥洗室一般的操作顺序为:开窗通风—清理污物—冲洗水池—清洁窗框、墙壁、灯、镜子及柜子—清洁地面。
                  </p>
                  <p>
                    ③盥洗室的地面要保持无积水、无污渍、无死角,每次婴幼儿集中进入盥洗室后都应快速清理一次。
                  </p>
                  <p>
                    ④扶手、墙面、地面、便池等应定期擦洗,频率为每天两次(中午和离园)。
                  </p>
                  <p>⑤用浓度为500 mg/L含氯消毒液消毒盥洗室的地面。</p>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
          <p><br /></p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d120">(一)做好洗手前的准备</h4>
          <p>
            了解幼儿盥洗用品的摆放要求、洗手池清洁消毒的操作要求和卫生要求、盥洗室清洁卫生的要求,看《托育园盥洗环境创设规范》。
            盥洗室的地面要保持清洁干爽,防止婴幼儿滑倒。要在水池的地面铺上渗水地垫,如果水池的高度超过婴幼儿的肘关节,应将水池前的地面垫高,防止洗手时水灌入婴幼儿的袖管。准备若干肥皂(与水龙头的数量相同),为每一名婴幼儿准备一条小方毛巾,并挂在固定的地方。
          </p>
          <div class="tips-bk">
            <div class="bj-tip tip-specail">托育园盥洗环境创设规范</div>
            <div class="tips-file">
              <div class="p-text">
                <p>(一)婴幼儿盥洗用品的摆放要求</p>
                <p>①用品准备齐全:洗手液、消毒毛巾(一人一巾)。</p>
                <p>
                  ②水池台面两边各贴一个小标签,将洗手液按线摆放,以便随时归位。
                </p>
                <p>(二)洗手池清洁消毒的操作要求和卫生要求</p>
                <p>(1)清洁消毒的操作要求</p>
                <p>①配制清洁剂:用1∶10的洗洁精溶液。</p>
                <p>
                  ②首先,用刷子蘸取洗洁精溶液,刷洗洗手池内外表面及水龙头,特别是藏垢处,一定要刷洗干净。然后,用清水冲洗干净。最后,用清洁抹布蘸洗洁精溶液,将洗手池内外表面及水龙头擦洗一遍,并用清水冲洗干净(注意洗手池出水口及台面)。
                </p>
                <p>
                  ③配制浓度为500 mg/L的含氯消毒液,用专用毛巾对台盆及龙头进行擦拭消毒。
                </p>
                <p>④将清洁工具用清水冲洗干净,将毛巾洗净后晾干。</p>
                <p>(2)卫生要求</p>
                <p>
                  ①始终保持洗手池台面干燥,尤其是接触婴幼儿身体的台面边缘,避免婴幼儿弄湿衣服。
                </p>
                <p>
                  ②镜子和水龙头随时保持干净,没有水渍,水龙头开关的背面也要保持干净。
                </p>
                <p>③用专用抹布擦拭,防止镜子和水龙头表面产生划痕。</p>
                <p>三)盥洗室清洁卫生的要求</p>
                <p>
                  ①对于擦拭不同位置的抹布和拖把,应加以区分并固定安放(用完后放到标有标识的固定位置),不可混用。
                </p>
                <p>
                  ②盥洗室一般的操作顺序为:开窗通风—清理污物—冲洗水池—清洁窗框、墙壁、灯、镜子及柜子—清洁地面。
                </p>
                <p>
                  ③盥洗室的地面要保持无积水、无污渍、无死角,每次婴幼儿集中进入盥洗室后都应快速清理一次。
                </p>
                <p>
                  ④扶手、墙面、地面、便池等应定期擦洗,频率为每天两次(中午和离园)。
                </p>
                <p>⑤用浓度为500 mg/L含氯消毒液消毒盥洗室的地面。</p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d121">(二)指导婴幼儿洗手的流程</h4>
          <p>保教人员可按照图2-3-1所示的流程指导婴幼儿洗手。</p>
          <p class="center">
            <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0185-2.jpg" />
          </p>
          <p class="img">图2-3-1 指导婴幼儿洗手的流程</p>
          <p>下面介绍一些洗手的小窍门。</p>
          <p>
            ①搓肥皂的方法:一手拿肥皂,在另一只手上涂抹,先涂抹手心,然后涂抹手背,之后换手拿肥皂,动作相同。为了防止肥皂从婴幼儿的手中滑落,保育员应将肥皂放在一个网袋中,将网袋的一端固定在水管或墙壁上。
          </p>
          <p>
            ②七步洗手法口诀:一搓手掌,二洗手背,三擦指缝,四扭指背,五转大弯,六揉指尖,七冲全手。通过继续简化,还可以得到七字口诀,即搓、洗、擦、扭、转、揉、冲。
          </p>
          <p>
            ③洗手儿歌:卷起袖口,淋湿手,抹上肥皂,搓搓手心,搓搓手背,搓搓指缝,手上泡泡冲干净,小手甩三下,关上水龙头,小手擦一擦。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d122">(三)指导婴幼儿洗手的组织原则</h4>
          <p>①在盥洗前应向婴幼儿强调盥洗的纪律要求、卫生要求及注意事项。</p>
          <p>
            ②保育员在组织盥洗时应有计划性。分组的方法、盥洗的顺序、盥洗室外的婴幼儿的活动内容及形式等,都应在计划范围之内,做到有条不紊。
          </p>
          <p>
            ③全面照顾、及时督促、仔细检查,使洗手这一环节既能让婴幼儿达到清洁自身的目的,又能对他们起到一定的教育作用。
          </p>
          <p>④尽量减少婴幼儿的等待时间。</p>
          <p>⑤培养婴幼儿的自理能力,不包办代替,培养婴幼儿良好的盥洗习惯。</p>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="170">
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(170) > -1">
        <!-- 奇数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">专题三·盥洗活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">2-23</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h3 id="c051">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">四</span>  根据婴幼儿眼睛、耳朵、鼻腔、口腔和皮肤的特点实施清洁 </span>
          </h3>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d123">(一)婴幼儿眼睛的特点及清洁要点</h4>
          <p>眼睛的结构如图2-3-2所示。</p>
          <p class="center">
            <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0186-1.jpg" />
          </p>
          <p class="img">图2-3-2 眼睛的结构</p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e103">1.婴幼儿眼睛的特点</h5>
          <p>(1)眼的分泌物较多</p>
          <p>
            婴幼儿的鼻泪管发育不全,有时眼泪无法顺利排出,容易形成白色的分泌物;睫毛内倒会刺激眼球导致分泌物增多;外环境引起感染也会使眼部分泌物急剧增多。
          </p>
          <p>(2)泪腺发育不成熟</p>
          <p>婴幼儿的泪腺未发育完全,自我保护能力差。</p>
          <p>(3)生理性远视</p>
          <p>
            婴幼儿的眼球的前后径(眼轴)距离较短,看远处物体时成像于视网膜的后面,形成生理性远视。随着眼球的发育,眼球前后距离也就随之变长,一般到5岁左右视力就可发展为正常水平。
          </p>
          <p>(4)调节范围广</p>
          <p>
            婴幼儿眼睛的晶状体的弹性好,调节范围广,即使近在眼前的物体,也能看得很清楚。但长此以往,易形成近距离读写的习惯,尤其是长时间进行近距离阅读、画画、看电视等,容易使眼睫状肌过度疲劳而形成近视。
          </p>
          <p>(5)辨色能力较弱</p>
          <p>
            婴幼儿的辨色力是逐步发展起来的:3个月之内只能识别黑白两色;4~5个月能辨别色彩,对红色特别感兴趣;3岁时能辨别红、黄、蓝等基本颜色,但对相近的颜色还不能清楚地分辨,需通过训练来发展。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e104">2.婴幼儿眼睛的清洁要点</h5>
          <p>
            保育员需要用专用毛巾(消毒棉球或棉签)给婴幼儿擦洗、清洁眼部。如果用的是毛巾,需要每天煮沸消毒;如果用的是消毒棉球或棉签,则需要一用一换。每次洗脸时,最先擦洗眼部,可先用专用毛巾(消毒棉球或棉签)蘸水,拧干到不滴水的程度,由内到外轻轻擦去眼睛的分泌物,再换毛巾另
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="171">
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(171) > -1">
        <!-- 偶数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">2-24</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <p><br /></p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d120">(一)做好洗手前的准备</h4>
        <p>
          盥洗室的地面要保持清洁干爽,防止婴幼儿滑倒。要在水池的地面铺上渗水地垫,如果水池的高度超过婴幼儿的肘关节,应将水池前的地面垫高,防止洗手时水灌入婴幼儿的袖管。准备若干肥皂(与水龙头的数量相同),为每一名婴幼儿准备一条小方毛巾,并挂在固定的地方。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d121">(二)指导婴幼儿洗手的流程</h4>
        <p>保教人员可按照图2-3-1所示的流程指导婴幼儿洗手。</p>
        <p class="center">
          <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0185-2.jpg" />
        </p>
        <p class="img">图2-3-1 指导婴幼儿洗手的流程</p>
        <p>下面介绍一些洗手的小窍门。</p>
        <p>
          ①搓肥皂的方法:一手拿肥皂,在另一只手上涂抹,先涂抹手心,然后涂抹手背,之后换手拿肥皂,动作相同。为了防止肥皂从婴幼儿的手中滑落,保育员应将肥皂放在一个网袋中,将网袋的一端固定在水管或墙壁上。
        </p>
        <p>
          ②七步洗手法口诀:一搓手掌,二洗手背,三擦指缝,四扭指背,五转大弯,六揉指尖,七冲全手。通过继续简化,还可以得到七字口诀,即搓、洗、擦、扭、转、揉、冲。
        </p>
        <p>
          ③洗手儿歌:卷起袖口,淋湿手,抹上肥皂,搓搓手心,搓搓手背,搓搓指缝,手上泡泡冲干净,小手甩三下,关上水龙头,小手擦一擦。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d122">(三)指导婴幼儿洗手的组织原则</h4>
        <p>①在盥洗前应向婴幼儿强调盥洗的纪律要求、卫生要求及注意事项。</p>
        <p>
          ②保育员在组织盥洗时应有计划性。分组的方法、盥洗的顺序、盥洗室外的婴幼儿的活动内容及形式等,都应在计划范围之内,做到有条不紊。
        </p>
        <p>
          ③全面照顾、及时督促、仔细检查,使洗手这一环节既能让婴幼儿达到清洁自身的目的,又能对他们起到一定的教育作用。
        </p>
        <p>④尽量减少婴幼儿的等待时间。</p>
        <p>⑤培养婴幼儿的自理能力,不包办代替,培养婴幼儿良好的盥洗习惯。</p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="170">
      <!-- 奇数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">专题三·盥洗活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">2-23</span>
            </div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>
            外的干净的一角(新的消毒棉球或棉签)擦净眼部。要养成良好的卫生习惯,不用不清洁的手和毛巾抹擦婴幼儿的眼睛。如果发现结膜炎要及时联系家长送婴幼儿就医。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d124">(二)婴幼儿耳朵的特点及清洁要点</h4>
          <p>耳朵的结构如图2-3-3所示。</p>
          <p class="center">
            <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../image/0187-1.jpg" />
          </p>
          <p class="img">图2-3-3 耳朵的结构</p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e105">1.婴幼儿耳朵的特点</h5>
          <p>(1)容易受损</p>
          <p>
            婴幼儿的耳郭皮下组织很少,在气温低时容易生冻疮。当眼泪、脏水流入外耳道后,或掏耵聍损伤外耳道后,外耳道易长疖,影响婴幼儿睡眠,严重时可引起脑部感染。
          </p>
          <p>(2)容易患中耳炎</p>
          <p>
            婴幼儿的咽鼓管与成人相比短且管腔宽,位置比较平。当咽、喉和鼻腔受感染时,细菌易经咽鼓管进入中耳,引起中耳炎,而中耳炎可导致脑膜炎。
          </p>
          <p>(3)对噪声特别敏感</p>
          <p>
            婴幼儿耳蜗的感受性比成人强,听觉比成人敏锐。噪声能够引起婴幼儿听力下降。如声音达60分贝,不仅会损伤婴幼儿的听力,还会影响其呼吸、睡眠;如经常处于80分贝以上的噪声环境中,婴幼儿可能会睡眠不足、烦躁不安、消化不良、记忆力减退以及听觉迟钝。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e106">2.婴幼儿耳朵的清洁</h5>
          <p>
            婴幼儿的耳朵容易感染中耳炎,保育员给婴幼儿洗头和洗澡时需要用拇指和中指压在其两耳孔上,避免水进入耳孔,洗头和洗澡后要用专用毛巾轻轻擦拭耳郭和耳的背面,用消毒棉签清洁外耳道的浅表处并吸干水,但是不要把棉签伸到耳道深处。婴幼儿吐奶、啼哭时,奶液和眼泪会顺着脸颊流向耳道,应及时擦洗干净,并注意不要让婴幼儿躺着喝奶。洗头、洗澡时,如水进入耳道,可将头偏向进水一侧,让水流出或用棉签将水吸出。
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h3 id="c051">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">四</span
            >  根据婴幼儿眼睛、耳朵、鼻腔、口腔和皮肤的特点实施清洁 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d123">(一)婴幼儿眼睛的特点及清洁要点</h4>
        <p>眼睛的结构如图2-3-2所示。</p>
        <p class="center">
          <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0186-1.jpg" />
        </p>
        <p class="img">图2-3-2 眼睛的结构</p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e103">1.婴幼儿眼睛的特点</h5>
        <p>(1)眼的分泌物较多</p>
        <p>
          婴幼儿的鼻泪管发育不全,有时眼泪无法顺利排出,容易形成白色的分泌物;睫毛内倒会刺激眼球导致分泌物增多;外环境引起感染也会使眼部分泌物急剧增多。
        </p>
        <p>(2)泪腺发育不成熟</p>
        <p>婴幼儿的泪腺未发育完全,自我保护能力差。</p>
        <p>(3)生理性远视</p>
        <p>
          婴幼儿的眼球的前后径(眼轴)距离较短,看远处物体时成像于视网膜的后面,形成生理性远视。随着眼球的发育,眼球前后距离也就随之变长,一般到5岁左右视力就可发展为正常水平。
        </p>
        <p>(4)调节范围广</p>
        <p>
          婴幼儿眼睛的晶状体的弹性好,调节范围广,即使近在眼前的物体,也能看得很清楚。但长此以往,易形成近距离读写的习惯,尤其是长时间进行近距离阅读、画画、看电视等,容易使眼睫状肌过度疲劳而形成近视。
        </p>
        <p>(5)辨色能力较弱</p>
        <p>
          婴幼儿的辨色力是逐步发展起来的:3个月之内只能识别黑白两色;4~5个月能辨别色彩,对红色特别感兴趣;3岁时能辨别红、黄、蓝等基本颜色,但对相近的颜色还不能清楚地分辨,需通过训练来发展。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e104">2.婴幼儿眼睛的清洁要点</h5>
        <p>
          保育员需要用专用毛巾(消毒棉球或棉签)给婴幼儿擦洗、清洁眼部。如果用的是毛巾,需要每天煮沸消毒;如果用的是消毒棉球或棉签,则需要一用一换。每次洗脸时,最先擦洗眼部,可先用专用毛巾(消毒棉球或棉签)蘸水,拧干到不滴水的程度,由内到外轻轻擦去眼睛的分泌物,再换毛巾另
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="171">
      <!-- 偶数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">2-24</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>
          外的干净的一角(新的消毒棉球或棉签)擦净眼部。要养成良好的卫生习惯,不用不清洁的手和毛巾抹擦婴幼儿的眼睛。如果发现结膜炎要及时联系家长送婴幼儿就医。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d124">(二)婴幼儿耳朵的特点及清洁要点</h4>
        <p>耳朵的结构如图2-3-3所示。</p>
        <p class="center">
          <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../image/0187-1.jpg" />
        </p>
        <p class="img">图2-3-3 耳朵的结构</p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e105">1.婴幼儿耳朵的特点</h5>
        <p>(1)容易受损</p>
        <p>
          婴幼儿的耳郭皮下组织很少,在气温低时容易生冻疮。当眼泪、脏水流入外耳道后,或掏耵聍损伤外耳道后,外耳道易长疖,影响婴幼儿睡眠,严重时可引起脑部感染。
        </p>
        <p>(2)容易患中耳炎</p>
        <p>
          婴幼儿的咽鼓管与成人相比短且管腔宽,位置比较平。当咽、喉和鼻腔受感染时,细菌易经咽鼓管进入中耳,引起中耳炎,而中耳炎可导致脑膜炎。
        </p>
        <p>(3)对噪声特别敏感</p>
        <p>
          婴幼儿耳蜗的感受性比成人强,听觉比成人敏锐。噪声能够引起婴幼儿听力下降。如声音达60分贝,不仅会损伤婴幼儿的听力,还会影响其呼吸、睡眠;如经常处于80分贝以上的噪声环境中,婴幼儿可能会睡眠不足、烦躁不安、消化不良、记忆力减退以及听觉迟钝。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e106">2.婴幼儿耳朵的清洁</h5>
        <p>
          婴幼儿的耳朵容易感染中耳炎,保育员给婴幼儿洗头和洗澡时需要用拇指和中指压在其两耳孔上,避免水进入耳孔,洗头和洗澡后要用专用毛巾轻轻擦拭耳郭和耳的背面,用消毒棉签清洁外耳道的浅表处并吸干水,但是不要把棉签伸到耳道深处。婴幼儿吐奶、啼哭时,奶液和眼泪会顺着脸颊流向耳道,应及时擦洗干净,并注意不要让婴幼儿躺着喝奶。洗头、洗澡时,如水进入耳道,可将头偏向进水一侧,让水流出或用棉签将水吸出。
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="172">
      <!-- 奇数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">专题三·盥洗活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">2-25</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(172) > -1">
        <!-- 奇数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">专题三·盥洗活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">2-25</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d125">(三)婴幼儿鼻腔的特点与清洁要点</h4>
          <p>鼻腔的结构如图2-3-4所示。</p>
          <p class="center">
            <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../image/0188-1.jpg" />
          </p>
          <p class="img">图2-3-4 鼻腔的结构</p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e107">1.婴幼儿鼻腔的特点</h5>
          <p>(1)容易感染</p>
          <p>婴幼儿鼻腔内黏膜柔软,鼻毛较少,对空气的过滤作用较弱,容易感染。</p>
          <p>(2)容易堵塞</p>
          <p>
            婴幼儿鼻腔较狭窄,血管丰富,遇到轻微的刺激就会充血水肿,引发鼻黏膜肿胀,分泌物增多,造成鼻腔堵塞。
          </p>
          <p>(3)嗅觉较灵敏</p>
          <p>
            婴幼儿的嗅觉较灵敏,出生时就能辨别不同的气味,尤其是母亲身上的味道。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e108">2.婴幼儿鼻腔的清洁</h5>
          <p>
            婴幼儿鼻腔应保持清洁和通畅,保育员应每天帮助婴幼儿清洁鼻腔,可用干棉签轻轻卷拭鼻腔中的鼻涕,也可用吸鼻器把分泌物吸出来。当鼻痂堵塞鼻腔时,可在鼻腔中滴一滴温水,待鼻痂软化后用棉签轻轻卷拭鼻腔中的鼻痂,但不要太过深入。可以在晚上婴幼儿睡着时,滴一滴温水在其鼻腔中,以保持鼻腔湿润,减少鼻痂形成。
          </p>
          <p>
            禁止挖鼻孔。挖鼻孔会使鼻毛脱落、黏膜损伤,严重时会使血管破裂,引起出血。挖鼻孔还会导致鼻腔感染,严重时,细菌可经面部血管回流至颅脑内,造成严重的并发症。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d126">(四)婴幼儿口腔的特点及清洁要点</h4>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e109">1.婴幼儿口腔的特点</h5>
          <p>(1)容易感染和损伤</p>
          <p>婴幼儿尤其是1岁内的婴儿,口腔较小,黏膜柔嫩,容易感染和损伤。</p>
          <p>(2)乳牙依次萌出</p>
          <p>
            婴幼儿乳牙的萌出是有一定顺序的,从出生后6~7个月开始萌出,12个月未萌出者为乳牙萌出延迟。最先萌出的是2个下中切牙(下门牙),然后出上面的4个切牙(上中切牙、上侧切牙),再出2个下侧切牙,1岁时可以萌出8个牙;1岁半左右4个第一乳磨牙萌出,在切牙与磨牙之间留有空
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d125">(三)婴幼儿鼻腔的特点与清洁要点</h4>
        <p>鼻腔的结构如图2-3-4所示。</p>
        <p class="center">
          <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../image/0188-1.jpg" />
        </p>
        <p class="img">图2-3-4 鼻腔的结构</p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e107">1.婴幼儿鼻腔的特点</h5>
        <p>(1)容易感染</p>
        <p>婴幼儿鼻腔内黏膜柔软,鼻毛较少,对空气的过滤作用较弱,容易感染。</p>
        <p>(2)容易堵塞</p>
        <p>
          婴幼儿鼻腔较狭窄,血管丰富,遇到轻微的刺激就会充血水肿,引发鼻黏膜肿胀,分泌物增多,造成鼻腔堵塞。
        </p>
        <p>(3)嗅觉较灵敏</p>
        <p>
          婴幼儿的嗅觉较灵敏,出生时就能辨别不同的气味,尤其是母亲身上的味道。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e108">2.婴幼儿鼻腔的清洁</h5>
        <p>
          婴幼儿鼻腔应保持清洁和通畅,保育员应每天帮助婴幼儿清洁鼻腔,可用干棉签轻轻卷拭鼻腔中的鼻涕,也可用吸鼻器把分泌物吸出来。当鼻痂堵塞鼻腔时,可在鼻腔中滴一滴温水,待鼻痂软化后用棉签轻轻卷拭鼻腔中的鼻痂,但不要太过深入。可以在晚上婴幼儿睡着时,滴一滴温水在其鼻腔中,以保持鼻腔湿润,减少鼻痂形成。
        </p>
        <p>
          禁止挖鼻孔。挖鼻孔会使鼻毛脱落、黏膜损伤,严重时会使血管破裂,引起出血。挖鼻孔还会导致鼻腔感染,严重时,细菌可经面部血管回流至颅脑内,造成严重的并发症。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d126">(四)婴幼儿口腔的特点及清洁要点</h4>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e109">1.婴幼儿口腔的特点</h5>
        <p>(1)容易感染和损伤</p>
        <p>婴幼儿尤其是1岁内的婴儿,口腔较小,黏膜柔嫩,容易感染和损伤。</p>
        <p>(2)乳牙依次萌出</p>
        <p>
          婴幼儿乳牙的萌出是有一定顺序的,从出生后6~7个月开始萌出,12个月未萌出者为乳牙萌出延迟。最先萌出的是2个下中切牙(下门牙),然后出上面的4个切牙(上中切牙、上侧切牙),再出2个下侧切牙,1岁时可以萌出8个牙;1岁半左右4个第一乳磨牙萌出,在切牙与磨牙之间留有空
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="173">
      <!-- 偶数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">2-26</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(173) > -1">
        <!-- 偶数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">2-26</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>
            隙(尖牙的位置);2岁左右4个尖牙长出;最迟至2岁半,4个第二乳磨牙萌出,20个乳牙全部出齐(见图2-3-5、表2-3-1)。
          </p>
          <p class="center">
            <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../image/0189-1.jpg" />
          </p>
          <p class="img">图2-3-5 乳牙萌出的顺序</p>
          <p class="img">表2-3-1 乳牙萌出时间</p>
          <p class="center">
            <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../image/0189-2.jpg" />
          </p>
          <p>
            6岁左右在乳磨牙的后面长出的第一颗恒磨牙称“六龄齿”。7~12岁乳牙次第脱落,被恒牙替代。其余恒牙从乳牙后方生长出来,12岁左右第二恒磨牙萌出,第三恒磨牙(又称智齿)一般在22岁以后才长出,也可能终生不出,因此,人的恒牙28~32颗均为正常。
          </p>
          <p>(3)容易患龋齿</p>
          <p>
            婴幼儿的乳牙钙化程度低,牙釉质较薄,牙本质较软,咬合面的窝沟又较多,容易被酸性物质腐蚀而发生龋齿。
          </p>
          <p>(4)乳牙影响颌骨生长和发音</p>
          <p>
            婴幼儿的乳牙除咀嚼帮助消化外,还有助于下颌骨的生长和正常发音。0~3岁是婴幼儿颌面部迅速发育的阶段。在牙齿和颌骨的衬托下,面容才会端正、和谐、自然。乳牙正常萌出、不过早缺失,有助于正常发音,使幼儿口齿伶俐。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e110">2.影响婴幼儿口腔健康的因素</h5>
          <p>婴幼儿口腔健康受到很多因素的影响,见表2-3-2。</p>
          <p class="img">表2-3-2 影响婴幼儿口腔健康的因素及维护口腔健康的做法</p>
          <p class="center">
            <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0189-3.jpg" />
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>
          隙(尖牙的位置);2岁左右4个尖牙长出;最迟至2岁半,4个第二乳磨牙萌出,20个乳牙全部出齐(见图2-3-5、表2-3-1)。
        </p>
        <p class="center">
          <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../image/0189-1.jpg" />
        </p>
        <p class="img">图2-3-5 乳牙萌出的顺序</p>
        <p class="img">表2-3-1 乳牙萌出时间</p>
        <p class="center">
          <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../image/0189-2.jpg" />
        </p>
        <p>
          6岁左右在乳磨牙的后面长出的第一颗恒磨牙称“六龄齿”。7~12岁乳牙次第脱落,被恒牙替代。其余恒牙从乳牙后方生长出来,12岁左右第二恒磨牙萌出,第三恒磨牙(又称智齿)一般在22岁以后才长出,也可能终生不出,因此,人的恒牙28~32颗均为正常。
        </p>
        <p>(3)容易患龋齿</p>
        <p>
          婴幼儿的乳牙钙化程度低,牙釉质较薄,牙本质较软,咬合面的窝沟又较多,容易被酸性物质腐蚀而发生龋齿。
        </p>
        <p>(4)乳牙影响颌骨生长和发音</p>
        <p>
          婴幼儿的乳牙除咀嚼帮助消化外,还有助于下颌骨的生长和正常发音。0~3岁是婴幼儿颌面部迅速发育的阶段。在牙齿和颌骨的衬托下,面容才会端正、和谐、自然。乳牙正常萌出、不过早缺失,有助于正常发音,使幼儿口齿伶俐。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e110">2.影响婴幼儿口腔健康的因素</h5>
        <p>婴幼儿口腔健康受到很多因素的影响,见表2-3-2。</p>
        <p class="img">表2-3-2 影响婴幼儿口腔健康的因素及维护口腔健康的做法</p>
        <p class="center">
          <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0189-3.jpg" />
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="174">
      <!-- 奇数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">专题三·盥洗活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">2-27</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(174) > -1">
        <!-- 奇数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">专题三·盥洗活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">2-27</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e111">3.婴幼儿常见的口腔问题</h5>
          <p>
            ①龋齿。俗称虫牙、蛀牙,如不及时治疗,易形成龋洞,最终造成牙齿丧失。
          </p>
          <p>②前牙外伤。易由外伤导致。</p>
          <p>
            ③牙齿发育异常。指牙齿数目异常、牙齿形态异常、牙齿结构异常和牙齿萌出异常。
          </p>
          <p>④鹅口疮。由白念珠菌感染所引起,在口腔黏膜表面形成白色斑膜。</p>
          <p>
            ⑤错颌畸形。在生长发育过程中,由先天的遗传因素,或后天的环境因素如疾病、不良习惯、替牙障碍等原因,造成的牙齿排列不齐、颌骨大小形态位置异常、面部畸形等。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e112">4.婴幼儿口腔的清洁</h5>
          <p>
            给婴儿喂奶后,应擦干净其口唇、嘴角的奶,保持局部皮肤黏膜清洁。奶瓶、奶嘴、毛巾等用品要每天用沸水消毒。母亲进行母乳喂养时也要注意乳头的清洁,每次哺乳前可用温水擦拭乳头。在婴儿未出牙之前,要定时给他们喝白开水,尤其是进食后和临睡前,以保持口腔的清洁。乳牙萌出后可以将纱布缠在手指上或将婴儿牙刷套在手指上,深入婴儿的口腔清洁牙齿。
          </p>
          <p>
            幼儿1周岁以后,可以帮助并指导他们采用巴氏刷牙法清洁口腔。幼儿2岁以后,可以教他们使用专用牙刷自己刷牙,2岁的幼儿会模仿成年人做漱口和刷牙的动作,开始时幼儿与成人并排站着,虽会模仿用牙刷刷门牙,但刷口腔内牙齿的侧面和上面的动作还不够协调。因此,成人要帮助婴幼儿养成刷牙的好习惯,坚持每天早晚刷,逐渐学会自己刷牙。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d127">(五)婴幼儿皮肤的特点及盥洗要点</h4>
          <p>皮肤的结构如图2-3-6所示。</p>
          <p class="center">
            <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../image/0190-1.jpg" />
          </p>
          <p class="img">图2-3-6 皮肤的结构</p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e113">1.婴幼儿皮肤的特点</h5>
          <p>(1)新生儿皮肤覆盖胎脂、绒毛</p>
          <p>
            新生儿出生时,皮肤表面覆盖着一层灰白色的胎脂,具有保护皮肤、防止感染等作用。新生儿出生后数小时,胎脂开始逐渐被皮肤吸收,一般不需要人为用水洗去或用纱布擦去。如果头顶部的胎脂较厚,可擦一点植物油,待胎脂被浸润后清洗干净即可。新生儿皮肤覆盖着胎毛,一般一周后胎毛开始脱落,给新生儿洗澡时,可以看到水中漂着许多细绒毛。
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e111">3.婴幼儿常见的口腔问题</h5>
        <p>
          ①龋齿。俗称虫牙、蛀牙,如不及时治疗,易形成龋洞,最终造成牙齿丧失。
        </p>
        <p>②前牙外伤。易由外伤导致。</p>
        <p>
          ③牙齿发育异常。指牙齿数目异常、牙齿形态异常、牙齿结构异常和牙齿萌出异常。
        </p>
        <p>④鹅口疮。由白念珠菌感染所引起,在口腔黏膜表面形成白色斑膜。</p>
        <p>
          ⑤错颌畸形。在生长发育过程中,由先天的遗传因素,或后天的环境因素如疾病、不良习惯、替牙障碍等原因,造成的牙齿排列不齐、颌骨大小形态位置异常、面部畸形等。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e112">4.婴幼儿口腔的清洁</h5>
        <p>
          给婴儿喂奶后,应擦干净其口唇、嘴角的奶,保持局部皮肤黏膜清洁。奶瓶、奶嘴、毛巾等用品要每天用沸水消毒。母亲进行母乳喂养时也要注意乳头的清洁,每次哺乳前可用温水擦拭乳头。在婴儿未出牙之前,要定时给他们喝白开水,尤其是进食后和临睡前,以保持口腔的清洁。乳牙萌出后可以将纱布缠在手指上或将婴儿牙刷套在手指上,深入婴儿的口腔清洁牙齿。
        </p>
        <p>
          幼儿1周岁以后,可以帮助并指导他们采用巴氏刷牙法清洁口腔。幼儿2岁以后,可以教他们使用专用牙刷自己刷牙,2岁的幼儿会模仿成年人做漱口和刷牙的动作,开始时幼儿与成人并排站着,虽会模仿用牙刷刷门牙,但刷口腔内牙齿的侧面和上面的动作还不够协调。因此,成人要帮助婴幼儿养成刷牙的好习惯,坚持每天早晚刷,逐渐学会自己刷牙。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d127">(五)婴幼儿皮肤的特点及盥洗要点</h4>
        <p>皮肤的结构如图2-3-6所示。</p>
        <p class="center">
          <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../image/0190-1.jpg" />
        </p>
        <p class="img">图2-3-6 皮肤的结构</p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e113">1.婴幼儿皮肤的特点</h5>
        <p>(1)新生儿皮肤覆盖胎脂、绒毛</p>
        <p>
          新生儿出生时,皮肤表面覆盖着一层灰白色的胎脂,具有保护皮肤、防止感染等作用。新生儿出生后数小时,胎脂开始逐渐被皮肤吸收,一般不需要人为用水洗去或用纱布擦去。如果头顶部的胎脂较厚,可擦一点植物油,待胎脂被浸润后清洗干净即可。新生儿皮肤覆盖着胎毛,一般一周后胎毛开始脱落,给新生儿洗澡时,可以看到水中漂着许多细绒毛。
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="175">
      <!-- 偶数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">2-28</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(175) > -1">
        <!-- 偶数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">2-28</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>(2)容易被划伤、刮伤</p>
        <p>婴幼儿的皮肤娇嫩,如碰到坚硬物体,容易被划伤、刮伤。</p>
        <p>(3)容易受到感染</p>
        <p>
          婴幼儿的皮脂腺没有成熟,缺乏油脂,抗菌和免疫力都比较弱,皮肤易受到感染。
        </p>
        <p>(4)保护功能差</p>
        <p>
          婴幼儿的皮下脂肪组织较少,保护功能较差。因局部防御机能差,故很容易受伤,且受伤处也容易成为细菌入侵的门户,轻则引起局部感染发炎,重则可能扩散至全身(如引起败血症)。
        </p>
        <p>(5)调节体温的功能差</p>
        <p>
          婴幼儿的皮肤的表面积相对比成人大,散热多;加上皮肤中毛细血管密集,血管腔比较大,流经皮肤的血量比成人多,散热快;同时,婴幼儿汗腺发育不完善,神经系统对体温的调节不够稳定,导致婴幼儿不能较好地适应外界气温的变化。环境温度过低,皮肤散热多,容易受凉或生冻疮;环境温度过高,易中暑。
        </p>
        <p>(6)渗透作用强</p>
        <p>
          婴幼儿的皮肤薄嫩,渗透作用较强。有些有毒物质如有机磷农药、苯、酒精都可经皮肤被吸收到体内,引起中毒。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e114">2.婴幼儿皮肤的盥洗</h5>
        <p>
          保育员需要每天用清水帮助婴幼儿洗脸、手、耳等皮肤裸露的部分,勤为其洗澡、洗头,勤剪指甲,保持皮肤清洁。若婴幼儿的皮脂腺分泌物过多,在头皮上形成一层黄褐色的痂皮,可将植物油加热,晾凉之后用来闷软痂皮,然后再清洗。在盥洗过程中需要注意保温,正确选用婴幼儿洗护用品,必须为婴幼儿选用专用护肤品,切不可用成人的清洁用品、护肤品及有刺激性的化妆品。在皮肤上涂拭药物也要注意药物的浓度和剂量,不可过量。
        </p>
        <h3 id="c052">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">五</span>  不同性别的婴幼儿的清洁 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d128">(一)女童</h4>
        <p>
          女童的尿道很短,刚出生时为1~2cm,生长速度缓慢,15岁时才长到3~5cm。由于生理结构的特殊性,女童的尿道外口较宽大,开口接近阴道和肛门。若不注意外阴部的清洁卫生,尿道容易被粪便等污染,若细菌经尿道上行,可引起膀胱炎、肾盂肾炎等。
        </p>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>(2)容易被划伤、刮伤</p>
          <p>婴幼儿的皮肤娇嫩,如碰到坚硬物体,容易被划伤、刮伤。</p>
          <p>(3)容易受到感染</p>
          <p>
            婴幼儿的皮脂腺没有成熟,缺乏油脂,抗菌和免疫力都比较弱,皮肤易受到感染。
          </p>
          <p>(4)保护功能差</p>
          <p>
            婴幼儿的皮下脂肪组织较少,保护功能较差。因局部防御机能差,故很容易受伤,且受伤处也容易成为细菌入侵的门户,轻则引起局部感染发炎,重则可能扩散至全身(如引起败血症)。
          </p>
          <p>(5)调节体温的功能差</p>
          <p>
            婴幼儿的皮肤的表面积相对比成人大,散热多;加上皮肤中毛细血管密集,血管腔比较大,流经皮肤的血量比成人多,散热快;同时,婴幼儿汗腺发育不完善,神经系统对体温的调节不够稳定,导致婴幼儿不能较好地适应外界气温的变化。环境温度过低,皮肤散热多,容易受凉或生冻疮;环境温度过高,易中暑。
          </p>
          <p>(6)渗透作用强</p>
          <p>
            婴幼儿的皮肤薄嫩,渗透作用较强。有些有毒物质如有机磷农药、苯、酒精都可经皮肤被吸收到体内,引起中毒。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e114">2.婴幼儿皮肤的盥洗</h5>
          <p>
            保育员需要每天用清水帮助婴幼儿洗脸、手、耳等皮肤裸露的部分,勤为其洗澡、洗头,勤剪指甲,保持皮肤清洁。若婴幼儿的皮脂腺分泌物过多,在头皮上形成一层黄褐色的痂皮,可将植物油加热,晾凉之后用来闷软痂皮,然后再清洗。在盥洗过程中需要注意保温,正确选用婴幼儿洗护用品,必须为婴幼儿选用专用护肤品,切不可用成人的清洁用品、护肤品及有刺激性的化妆品。在皮肤上涂拭药物也要注意药物的浓度和剂量,不可过量。
          </p>
          <h3 id="c052">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">五</span>  不同性别的婴幼儿的清洁 </span>
          </h3>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d128">(一)女童</h4>
          <p>
            女童的尿道很短,刚出生时为1~2cm,生长速度缓慢,15岁时才长到3~5cm。由于生理结构的特殊性,女童的尿道外口较宽大,开口接近阴道和肛门。若不注意外阴部的清洁卫生,尿道容易被粪便等污染,若细菌经尿道上行,可引起膀胱炎、肾盂肾炎等。
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="176">
      <!-- 奇数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">专题三·盥洗活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">2-29</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(176) > -1">
        <!-- 奇数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">专题三·盥洗活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">2-29</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>
            女童的这些生理特点要求在给她们清洁臀部的时候,一定要坚持“从前往后”的原则,即从尿道口向后清洗到阴道口、肛门,这样的顺序可以减少细菌感染的机会。因为0~3岁的女童雌激素分泌水平低,阴道上皮较薄,阴道分泌物呈现碱性,缺乏阴道杆菌,阴道的自然防御力较低,“从前往后”的清洗顺序能避免尿道、内外阴感染,也能降低发生外阴炎的概率。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d129">(二)男童</h4>
          <p>
            男童的尿道与女童相比较长一些,刚出生时,男童的尿道长为5~6cm,生长速度缓慢,直到青春期才显著增长,13~14岁时尿道长为12~13cm。男童因常有包茎问题,积垢后也易引起上行性泌尿系统感染。
          </p>
          <p>
            男童最难清理的是生殖器官。刚出生的男童的包皮还紧附在龟头上,只需要把露在外面的部分轻轻洗干净即可。大部分的男童在2岁之前,包皮和龟头不会完全分开,这时特地翻开包皮清洗,如果成人动作太大或孩子乱动都容易弄伤男童。待男童长大一些,包皮与龟头完全分开之后,再协助男童翻开包皮清洗,清洗时,动作一定要轻柔,在皱褶处多花些时间。男童没有所谓“从前往后”的清洗原则,但应好好清洗皮肤皱褶处。平时如厕后用婴幼儿专用湿纸巾擦干净,洗澡的时候可以用干净的纱布擦拭大腿根部、外阴部的皮肤皱褶处,对于男童的睾丸要轻柔、仔细,包括阴茎下方、睾丸与皮肤贴合之处都要清洗干净。
          </p>
          <h3 id="c053">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">六</span>  使婴幼儿养成良好的盥洗习惯 </span>
          </h3>
          <p>
            良好的盥洗习惯有利于婴幼儿身心健康的发展和行为习惯的培养。保育员应对不同年龄的婴幼儿进行盥洗训练和指导,以便婴幼儿熟练掌握盥洗技能,形成自觉盥洗的习惯。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d130">(一)创设良好的盥洗环境</h4>
          <p>
            托育园的盥洗环境的优劣对于婴幼儿能否安全、卫生和有效地进行盥洗至关重要,因此,保育员在婴幼儿盥洗前,需要事先创设良好的盥洗环境,并通过对盥洗室公共区域的环境挖掘,发挥公共区域的教育作用。可以在盥洗区粘贴图文并茂的洗手流程图片,帮助婴幼儿养成正确洗手的好习惯。可在盥洗区地面贴上大小不同的圆点,从大到小有秩序地排列,提醒婴幼儿自觉养成排队的好习惯,消除安全隐患(见图2-3-7)。
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>
          女童的这些生理特点要求在给她们清洁臀部的时候,一定要坚持“从前往后”的原则,即从尿道口向后清洗到阴道口、肛门,这样的顺序可以减少细菌感染的机会。因为0~3岁的女童雌激素分泌水平低,阴道上皮较薄,阴道分泌物呈现碱性,缺乏阴道杆菌,阴道的自然防御力较低,“从前往后”的清洗顺序能避免尿道、内外阴感染,也能降低发生外阴炎的概率。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d129">(二)男童</h4>
        <p>
          男童的尿道与女童相比较长一些,刚出生时,男童的尿道长为5~6cm,生长速度缓慢,直到青春期才显著增长,13~14岁时尿道长为12~13cm。男童因常有包茎问题,积垢后也易引起上行性泌尿系统感染。
        </p>
        <p>
          男童最难清理的是生殖器官。刚出生的男童的包皮还紧附在龟头上,只需要把露在外面的部分轻轻洗干净即可。大部分的男童在2岁之前,包皮和龟头不会完全分开,这时特地翻开包皮清洗,如果成人动作太大或孩子乱动都容易弄伤男童。待男童长大一些,包皮与龟头完全分开之后,再协助男童翻开包皮清洗,清洗时,动作一定要轻柔,在皱褶处多花些时间。男童没有所谓“从前往后”的清洗原则,但应好好清洗皮肤皱褶处。平时如厕后用婴幼儿专用湿纸巾擦干净,洗澡的时候可以用干净的纱布擦拭大腿根部、外阴部的皮肤皱褶处,对于男童的睾丸要轻柔、仔细,包括阴茎下方、睾丸与皮肤贴合之处都要清洗干净。
        </p>
        <h3 id="c053">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">六</span
            >  使婴幼儿养成良好的盥洗习惯 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <p>
          良好的盥洗习惯有利于婴幼儿身心健康的发展和行为习惯的培养。保育员应对不同年龄的婴幼儿进行盥洗训练和指导,以便婴幼儿熟练掌握盥洗技能,形成自觉盥洗的习惯。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d130">(一)创设良好的盥洗环境</h4>
        <p>
          托育园的盥洗环境的优劣对于婴幼儿能否安全、卫生和有效地进行盥洗至关重要,因此,保育员在婴幼儿盥洗前,需要事先创设良好的盥洗环境,并通过对盥洗室公共区域的环境挖掘,发挥公共区域的教育作用。可以在盥洗区粘贴图文并茂的洗手流程图片,帮助婴幼儿养成正确洗手的好习惯。可在盥洗区地面贴上大小不同的圆点,从大到小有秩序地排列,提醒婴幼儿自觉养成排队的好习惯,消除安全隐患(见图2-3-7)。
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="177">
      <!-- 偶数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">2-30</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(177) > -1">
        <!-- 偶数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">2-30</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p class="center">
            <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../image/0193-1.jpg" />
          </p>
          <p class="img">图2-3-7 托育园的盥洗环境</p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d131">(二)鼓励幼儿练习盥洗</h4>
          <p>
            保育员不要因为担心幼儿自己洗不干净而包办代替,应放手让幼儿练习盥洗。针对13~24个月龄的幼儿,应协助和引导幼儿自己洗手、刷牙;针对25~36月龄的幼儿,应引导幼儿餐后漱口,正确刷牙,使用肥皂或洗手液正确洗手,认识自己的毛巾并擦手。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d132">(三)发挥示范的积极作用</h4>
          <p>
            成人是婴幼儿模仿的重要对象,保育员的日常行为随时都会对婴幼儿的发展产生潜移默化的影响。保育员要善于抓住一切机会为婴幼儿做好行为示范,用自己良好的盥洗习惯去影响他们。同伴是婴幼儿观摩学习的榜样。保育员可以在婴幼儿中树立良好的典型,让婴幼儿相互交流、观摩和学习。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d133">(四)根据年龄特点因材施教</h4>
          <p>
            不同年龄婴幼儿的盥洗教育的指导内容和方法应各有不同。对1岁以内的婴儿,保育员以全程帮助为主;1~2岁的幼儿,保育员可以在部分简单的环节放手让幼儿独立完成,难以完成的环节由保育员帮助完成;2~3岁的幼儿,保育员在每日的盥洗环节指导幼儿练习,学会大多数盥洗内容的操作。因为婴幼儿各方面的能力较低,保育员必须对婴幼儿进行反复的、持之以恒的指导和训练,才可能取得较好的效果。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d134">(五)开展适当的行为强化</h4>
          <p>
            任何一项盥洗活动都包括许多步骤,只有反复练习,婴幼儿才会熟练掌握,并形成习惯。针对一些婴幼儿在盥洗时表现出的种种不良行为习惯,应选择正确的行为作为目标不断强化。例如,对于盥洗时爱嬉闹的婴幼儿,要求在规定的时间内完成;对于推挤、有攻击行为的婴幼儿,不忘提醒其遵守盥洗要求;当婴幼儿缺乏控制能力时,保育员要有意识地利用语言、表情、动作等给予暗示,及时提醒,如提醒婴幼儿随手关紧水龙头,让婴幼儿从小养成节约用水的好习惯。
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p class="center">
          <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../image/0193-1.jpg" />
        </p>
        <p class="img">图2-3-7 托育园的盥洗环境</p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d131">(二)鼓励幼儿练习盥洗</h4>
        <p>
          保育员不要因为担心幼儿自己洗不干净而包办代替,应放手让幼儿练习盥洗。针对13~24个月龄的幼儿,应协助和引导幼儿自己洗手、刷牙;针对25~36月龄的幼儿,应引导幼儿餐后漱口,正确刷牙,使用肥皂或洗手液正确洗手,认识自己的毛巾并擦手。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d132">(三)发挥示范的积极作用</h4>
        <p>
          成人是婴幼儿模仿的重要对象,保育员的日常行为随时都会对婴幼儿的发展产生潜移默化的影响。保育员要善于抓住一切机会为婴幼儿做好行为示范,用自己良好的盥洗习惯去影响他们。同伴是婴幼儿观摩学习的榜样。保育员可以在婴幼儿中树立良好的典型,让婴幼儿相互交流、观摩和学习。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d133">(四)根据年龄特点因材施教</h4>
        <p>
          不同年龄婴幼儿的盥洗教育的指导内容和方法应各有不同。对1岁以内的婴儿,保育员以全程帮助为主;1~2岁的幼儿,保育员可以在部分简单的环节放手让幼儿独立完成,难以完成的环节由保育员帮助完成;2~3岁的幼儿,保育员在每日的盥洗环节指导幼儿练习,学会大多数盥洗内容的操作。因为婴幼儿各方面的能力较低,保育员必须对婴幼儿进行反复的、持之以恒的指导和训练,才可能取得较好的效果。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d134">(五)开展适当的行为强化</h4>
        <p>
          任何一项盥洗活动都包括许多步骤,只有反复练习,婴幼儿才会熟练掌握,并形成习惯。针对一些婴幼儿在盥洗时表现出的种种不良行为习惯,应选择正确的行为作为目标不断强化。例如,对于盥洗时爱嬉闹的婴幼儿,要求在规定的时间内完成;对于推挤、有攻击行为的婴幼儿,不忘提醒其遵守盥洗要求;当婴幼儿缺乏控制能力时,保育员要有意识地利用语言、表情、动作等给予暗示,及时提醒,如提醒婴幼儿随手关紧水龙头,让婴幼儿从小养成节约用水的好习惯。
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="178">
      <!-- 奇数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">专题三·盥洗活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">2-31</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(178) > -1">
        <!-- 奇数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">专题三·盥洗活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">2-31</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d135">(六)家园共同教育</h4>
          <p>
            托育机构应经常与家长沟通,了解婴幼儿在家中的盥洗情况,引进家庭教育中的经验,使托育园的教育更具针对性。同时让家长了解托育园盥洗习惯培养的要求及方法,使家园教育保持同步,形成合力。建议家长在家中为婴幼儿创设良好、便利的盥洗环境,给婴幼儿准备专用的洗手液、肥皂、毛巾、润肤油等用品。
          </p>
          <p>
            良好的盥洗习惯是人不可缺少的素质之一,对于孩子今后的健康发展也具有相当重要的作用。我们应从小为孩子播下良好习惯的种子,因为有良好盥洗习惯的孩子将终身受益。
          </p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <p class="left"><span class="bj3">学习反思</span></p>
            <textarea v-model="chapter012.textAreaItem.text39" style="border: 0" placeholder="请输入内容" rows="5"
              class="textareaInput" @blur="onBlurChange('text39')"></textarea>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d135">(六)家园共同教育</h4>
        <p>
          托育机构应经常与家长沟通,了解婴幼儿在家中的盥洗情况,引进家庭教育中的经验,使托育园的教育更具针对性。同时让家长了解托育园盥洗习惯培养的要求及方法,使家园教育保持同步,形成合力。建议家长在家中为婴幼儿创设良好、便利的盥洗环境,给婴幼儿准备专用的洗手液、肥皂、毛巾、润肤油等用品。
        </p>
        <p>
          良好的盥洗习惯是人不可缺少的素质之一,对于孩子今后的健康发展也具有相当重要的作用。我们应从小为孩子播下良好习惯的种子,因为有良好盥洗习惯的孩子将终身受益。
        </p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <p class="left"><span class="bj3">学习反思</span></p>
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter012.textAreaItem.text39"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            class="textareaInput"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text39')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
  name: "chapter012",
  props: {
    showPageList: {
      type: Array,
      default: [],
    },
    questionData: {
      type: Object,
    },
  },
  data() {
    return {
      chapter012: {
src/books/lifeCare/view/chapter013.vue
@@ -1,611 +1,642 @@
<template>
  <div class="chapter" num="14">
    <div class="page-box" page="179">
      <div class="bodystyle topImg">
        <h2 id="b012"><img class="img-0" alt="" src="../image/zt4.jpg" /></h2>
        <div class="bk">
          <div class="bj1">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/zt-xxmb.jpg" />
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(179) > -1">
        <div class="bodystyle topImg">
          <h2 id="b012"><img class="img-0" alt="" src="../image/zt4.jpg" /></h2>
          <div class="bk">
            <div class="bj1">
              <p class="left">
                <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/zt-xxmb.jpg" />
              </p>
            </div>
            <p class="block">学习本专题,你将达成以下目标。</p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
              能说出如厕保育的保教价值。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
              知道婴幼儿的二便的特点和保育要点。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
              能说出影响婴幼儿如厕的因素。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
              知道营造良好的如厕环境的方法。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
              会做好如厕前的准备。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
              会引导婴幼儿进行如厕练习。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
              会给婴幼儿换尿布。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
              能辨别婴幼儿的异常便。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
              能指导婴幼儿进行如厕清洁。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
              会为便器清洁消毒。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p class="block">学习本专题,你将达成以下目标。</p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
            能说出如厕保育的保教价值。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
            知道婴幼儿的二便的特点和保育要点。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
            能说出影响婴幼儿如厕的因素。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
            知道营造良好的如厕环境的方法。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
            会做好如厕前的准备。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
            会引导婴幼儿进行如厕练习。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
            会给婴幼儿换尿布。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
            能辨别婴幼儿的异常便。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
            能指导婴幼儿进行如厕清洁。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
            会为便器清洁消毒。
          </p>
        </div>
        <div class="bk">
          <div class="bj1">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/zt-gjc.jpg" />
          <div class="bk">
            <div class="bj1">
              <p class="left">
                <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/zt-gjc.jpg" />
              </p>
            </div>
            <p class="block">
              如厕:这是古语,就是到卫生间完成大小便的排泄,即上厕所。
            </p>
            <p class="block">异常便:排出的大小便与正常健康人的存在差异。</p>
            <p class="block">
              如厕训练:简单来说就是教会婴幼儿在厕所大小便。此项训练是为了让婴幼儿掌握有便(尿)意时可以去厕所自行解决的技能,从而可以摆脱纸尿裤。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p class="block">
            如厕:这是古语,就是到卫生间完成大小便的排泄,即上厕所。
          </p>
          <p class="block">异常便:排出的大小便与正常健康人的存在差异。</p>
          <p class="block">
            如厕训练:简单来说就是教会婴幼儿在厕所大小便。此项训练是为了让婴幼儿掌握有便(尿)意时可以去厕所自行解决的技能,从而可以摆脱纸尿裤。
          <p>
            婴幼儿生活在文明社会中,他们必须遵守一切社会文明准则和规范。在排泄方面,他们必须学会控制自己的大小便,知道大小便去厕所,不随地大小便,养成一切与排便有关的文明习惯。所有这些都离不开照护者积极的回应性照护和教育指导。
          </p>
        </div>
        <p>
          婴幼儿生活在文明社会中,他们必须遵守一切社会文明准则和规范。在排泄方面,他们必须学会控制自己的大小便,知道大小便去厕所,不随地大小便,养成一切与排便有关的文明习惯。所有这些都离不开照护者积极的回应性照护和教育指导。
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="180">
      <!-- 奇数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">专题四·如厕活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">2-33</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(180) > -1">
        <!-- 奇数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">专题四·如厕活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">2-33</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h3 id="c054">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">一</span>  如厕保育的保教价值 </span>
          </h3>
          <p>
            如厕蕴含着许多重要的生理和心理价值。从生理学角度来看,人的排泄物中含有毒素和废物,及时排出这些物质有利于身体健康。同时,人体的一些疾病信息也会反映在大小便上。因此,我们通过平时对大小便的观察,能及时发现身体的异常情况,以便及时诊断、治疗。从心理学角度来看,如厕能力和习惯的培养会影响婴幼儿的人格发展。弗洛伊德的人格发展理论指出,3岁之前,婴幼儿需要学会控制生理排泄,从而符合社会的要求,也就是说必须养成良好的如厕习惯。过于放纵的如厕训练会使婴幼儿形成“肛门期—排泄型人格”,即不讲规则、残忍、龌龊甚至具有破坏性;而过于严厉的如厕训练会使婴幼儿形成“肛门期—滞留型人格”,即固执、吝啬,守规矩但过于死板,有强迫性洁癖。
          </p>
          <p>
            从现实生活来看,不少婴幼儿在家如厕时,大人包办得太多,再加上入园后如厕方式及如厕器具改变了,对多数婴幼儿来说,在园如厕成为一种挑战。而个别保育员在进行如厕照护时操作不规范,还会表现出厌恶、排斥等情绪,甚至出现责骂等行为,这在一定程度上增加了风险,加大了婴幼儿的心理压力,影响婴幼儿的健康成长。
          </p>
          <p>
            保育员应该从婴幼儿身心和谐发展的角度出发,让婴幼儿轻松如厕,满足婴幼儿正常的生理排泄需要,帮助他们掌握独立如厕的基本技能,遵守如厕常规,养成健康的如厕习惯,促进其身心和谐发展。
          </p>
          <h3 id="c055">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">二</span>  婴幼儿二便的特点 </span>
          </h3>
          <p>
            新生儿出生后的前几天水的摄入量少,每天排尿4~5次;出生1周后,因新陈代谢旺盛,进水量增多而膀胱容量小,每天排尿可增加为20~25次。6个月至1岁的婴儿,随着半流质辅食的增加及肾功能逐渐完善,每日排尿次数减少为15~16次。2~3岁的幼儿每日平均排尿次数为10次。正常情况下尿液呈淡黄色,在出汗多、喝水少的情况下颜色变深。新生儿每日排尿400mL,6月龄婴儿每日排尿400~500mL,幼儿每日排尿500~600mL。若婴幼儿每日排尿量小于200mL,即少尿;一昼夜尿量小于50mL,即无尿。
          </p>
          <p>
            母乳喂养、人工喂养以及混合喂养的婴幼儿在排便次数上、粪便性状方面各有特点。纯母乳喂养的婴幼儿的大便呈黄色或金黄色,稠度均匀且呈膏状,或有颗粒,偶尔稀薄而微呈绿色,呈酸性反应,有酸味但不臭,每天排便2~4次。人工喂养的婴幼儿的大便色淡黄或呈土灰色,质较硬,
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h3 id="c054">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">一</span>  如厕保育的保教价值 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <p>
          如厕蕴含着许多重要的生理和心理价值。从生理学角度来看,人的排泄物中含有毒素和废物,及时排出这些物质有利于身体健康。同时,人体的一些疾病信息也会反映在大小便上。因此,我们通过平时对大小便的观察,能及时发现身体的异常情况,以便及时诊断、治疗。从心理学角度来看,如厕能力和习惯的培养会影响婴幼儿的人格发展。弗洛伊德的人格发展理论指出,3岁之前,婴幼儿需要学会控制生理排泄,从而符合社会的要求,也就是说必须养成良好的如厕习惯。过于放纵的如厕训练会使婴幼儿形成“肛门期—排泄型人格”,即不讲规则、残忍、龌龊甚至具有破坏性;而过于严厉的如厕训练会使婴幼儿形成“肛门期—滞留型人格”,即固执、吝啬,守规矩但过于死板,有强迫性洁癖。
        </p>
        <p>
          从现实生活来看,不少婴幼儿在家如厕时,大人包办得太多,再加上入园后如厕方式及如厕器具改变了,对多数婴幼儿来说,在园如厕成为一种挑战。而个别保育员在进行如厕照护时操作不规范,还会表现出厌恶、排斥等情绪,甚至出现责骂等行为,这在一定程度上增加了风险,加大了婴幼儿的心理压力,影响婴幼儿的健康成长。
        </p>
        <p>
          保育员应该从婴幼儿身心和谐发展的角度出发,让婴幼儿轻松如厕,满足婴幼儿正常的生理排泄需要,帮助他们掌握独立如厕的基本技能,遵守如厕常规,养成健康的如厕习惯,促进其身心和谐发展。
        </p>
        <h3 id="c055">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">二</span>  婴幼儿二便的特点 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <p>
          新生儿出生后的前几天水的摄入量少,每天排尿4~5次;出生1周后,因新陈代谢旺盛,进水量增多而膀胱容量小,每天排尿可增加为20~25次。6个月至1岁的婴儿,随着半流质辅食的增加及肾功能逐渐完善,每日排尿次数减少为15~16次。2~3岁的幼儿每日平均排尿次数为10次。正常情况下尿液呈淡黄色,在出汗多、喝水少的情况下颜色变深。新生儿每日排尿400mL,6月龄婴儿每日排尿400~500mL,幼儿每日排尿500~600mL。若婴幼儿每日排尿量小于200mL,即少尿;一昼夜尿量小于50mL,即无尿。
        </p>
        <p>
          母乳喂养、人工喂养以及混合喂养的婴幼儿在排便次数上、粪便性状方面各有特点。纯母乳喂养的婴幼儿的大便呈黄色或金黄色,稠度均匀且呈膏状,或有颗粒,偶尔稀薄而微呈绿色,呈酸性反应,有酸味但不臭,每天排便2~4次。人工喂养的婴幼儿的大便色淡黄或呈土灰色,质较硬,
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="181">
      <!-- 偶数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">2-34</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(181) > -1">
        <!-- 偶数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">2-34</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>
            呈中性或碱性反应,有明显的臭味,每天大便1~2次。混合喂养的婴幼儿,无论母乳或配方奶喂养,若同时加食淀粉类食物,则大便量增多,硬度比单纯配方奶喂养稍减,呈暗褐色,臭味增加。若将蔬菜、水果等辅食加多,则大便与成人近似,每天大便1~2次。
          </p>
          <h3 id="c056">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">三</span>  婴幼儿二便的保育要点 </span>
          </h3>
          <p>
            为指导托育机构为3岁以下婴幼儿提供科学、规范的照护服务,按照《国务院办公厅关于促进3岁以下婴幼儿照护服务发展的指导意见》的要求,国家卫生健康委组织制定了《托育机构保育指导大纲(试行)》。该大纲于2021年1月印发,在“生活与卫生习惯”方面,就盥洗、如厕、穿脱衣服等生活技能提出了保育要点。其中,关于婴幼儿二便的保育要点摘录如下。
          </p>
          <p>第一,照护7~12个月的婴儿。</p>
          <p>①及时更换尿布,保持臀部和身体干爽清洁。</p>
          <p>②在生活照护过程中,注重与婴儿互动交流。</p>
          <p>③识别及回应婴儿哭闹、四肢活动等表达的需求。</p>
          <p>第二,照护13~24个月的幼儿。</p>
          <p>
            ①鼓励幼儿及时表达大小便需求,形成一定的排便规律,逐渐学会自己坐便盆。
          </p>
          <p>②协助和引导幼儿自己洗手。</p>
          <p>第三,照护25~36个月的幼儿。</p>
          <p>①培养幼儿主动如厕。</p>
          <p>②引导幼儿使用肥皂或洗手液正确洗手,认识自己的毛巾并擦手。</p>
          <h3 id="c057">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">四</span>  影响如厕的因素 </span>
          </h3>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d136">(一)神经损伤</h4>
          <p>
            脊髓损伤、脊柱裂及其他使骶尾神经部分或全部受损的损伤均会影响人对排便的控制。例如,当腰椎及腰以下的脊柱损伤时,反射弧是不完整的,膀胱张力完全丧失;当高位损伤,损伤平面高于膀胱支配的水平时,反射弧是完整的,当膀胱充盈时,就被反射性地排空。
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>
          呈中性或碱性反应,有明显的臭味,每天大便1~2次。混合喂养的婴幼儿,无论母乳或配方奶喂养,若同时加食淀粉类食物,则大便量增多,硬度比单纯配方奶喂养稍减,呈暗褐色,臭味增加。若将蔬菜、水果等辅食加多,则大便与成人近似,每天大便1~2次。
        </p>
        <h3 id="c056">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">三</span>  婴幼儿二便的保育要点 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <p>
          为指导托育机构为3岁以下婴幼儿提供科学、规范的照护服务,按照《国务院办公厅关于促进3岁以下婴幼儿照护服务发展的指导意见》的要求,国家卫生健康委组织制定了《托育机构保育指导大纲(试行)》。该大纲于2021年1月印发,在“生活与卫生习惯”方面,就盥洗、如厕、穿脱衣服等生活技能提出了保育要点。其中,关于婴幼儿二便的保育要点摘录如下。
        </p>
        <p>第一,照护7~12个月的婴儿。</p>
        <p>①及时更换尿布,保持臀部和身体干爽清洁。</p>
        <p>②在生活照护过程中,注重与婴儿互动交流。</p>
        <p>③识别及回应婴儿哭闹、四肢活动等表达的需求。</p>
        <p>第二,照护13~24个月的幼儿。</p>
        <p>
          ①鼓励幼儿及时表达大小便需求,形成一定的排便规律,逐渐学会自己坐便盆。
        </p>
        <p>②协助和引导幼儿自己洗手。</p>
        <p>第三,照护25~36个月的幼儿。</p>
        <p>①培养幼儿主动如厕。</p>
        <p>②引导幼儿使用肥皂或洗手液正确洗手,认识自己的毛巾并擦手。</p>
        <h3 id="c057">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">四</span>  影响如厕的因素 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d136">(一)神经损伤</h4>
        <p>
          脊髓损伤、脊柱裂及其他使骶尾神经部分或全部受损的损伤均会影响人对排便的控制。例如,当腰椎及腰以下的脊柱损伤时,反射弧是不完整的,膀胱张力完全丧失;当高位损伤,损伤平面高于膀胱支配的水平时,反射弧是完整的,当膀胱充盈时,就被反射性地排空。
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="182">
      <!-- 奇数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">专题四·如厕活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">2-35</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(182) > -1">
        <!-- 奇数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">专题四·如厕活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">2-35</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d137">(二)大便性状</h4>
          <p>
            正常排出的大便是成形的软便,不干不稀,排便时不感到困难,便后有轻松舒适的感觉,这表明胃肠功能良好。如果大便秘结坚硬,就会造成排便困难而延长如厕时间,直肠血管内压力增高,血液回流受阻碍。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d138">(三)情绪问题</h4>
          <p>
            情绪紧张会引起膀胱突然收缩而排出尿液。在大小便训练过程中造成的精神创伤,也会使婴幼儿对训练产生抵抗情绪从而导致退步。例如,婴幼儿正坐在便盆上,突然的一声呵斥,吓得他从便盆上摔下,当再次把他放在便盆上时他就会很害怕。又如,婴幼儿正坐在马桶上大便,突然有凉水冲出来,使婴幼儿对如厕产生恐惧心理。
          </p>
          <h3 id="c058">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">五</span>  良好的如厕环境 </span>
          </h3>
          <p>
            良好的如厕环境对于婴幼儿轻松如厕至关重要。如厕环境包括物质环境和心理环境。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d139">(一)物质环境</h4>
          <p>
            物质环境要求每班设置独立的符合婴幼儿身心特点的清洁区(卫生间),并相对隔开,尤其是独立设置的全日制托育机构。盥洗间和卫生间内均为平整无台阶的地面,地面均应使用防滑地砖,避免婴幼儿出现滑跌的现象;墙面边缘及洗手池边缘应做圆角设计,防止婴幼儿碰撞受伤;托小班的卫生间需要提供尿布台(挂壁或台式),单独设置在一个区域。如有条件,还应提供单独配套使用的水池和专用垃圾桶。因为换尿布区域如果不注意清洁消毒,或者未与其他区域相对分开,易传播痢疾病毒、轮状病毒以及一些肠道病毒等。托小班、托大班的卫生间内可配备婴幼儿专用坐便器、小便斗或小便池,坐便器高度宜为0.25m以下。每班至少设两个大便器、两个小便器,便器之间应加隔板,隔板处可加设扶手,便于婴幼儿在如厕时使用。日常使用后均须及时做好清洗消毒工作。若卫生间无窗,需要考虑安装通风设施。每班至少设三个适合婴幼儿使用的洗手池,高度宜为0.4~0.45m,宽度宜为0.35~0.4m。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d140">(二)心理环境</h4>
          <p>
            心理环境要求卫生间的整体设计营造温馨的氛围,让婴幼儿感受到舒适、安全,在尿布台、如厕区和盥洗区张贴符合婴幼儿认知水平的操作流程图。保育员在为婴幼儿换尿布时应装扮整齐,尽量不佩戴耳环、胸针、戒指、手
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d137">(二)大便性状</h4>
        <p>
          正常排出的大便是成形的软便,不干不稀,排便时不感到困难,便后有轻松舒适的感觉,这表明胃肠功能良好。如果大便秘结坚硬,就会造成排便困难而延长如厕时间,直肠血管内压力增高,血液回流受阻碍。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d138">(三)情绪问题</h4>
        <p>
          情绪紧张会引起膀胱突然收缩而排出尿液。在大小便训练过程中造成的精神创伤,也会使婴幼儿对训练产生抵抗情绪从而导致退步。例如,婴幼儿正坐在便盆上,突然的一声呵斥,吓得他从便盆上摔下,当再次把他放在便盆上时他就会很害怕。又如,婴幼儿正坐在马桶上大便,突然有凉水冲出来,使婴幼儿对如厕产生恐惧心理。
        </p>
        <h3 id="c058">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">五</span>  良好的如厕环境 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <p>
          良好的如厕环境对于婴幼儿轻松如厕至关重要。如厕环境包括物质环境和心理环境。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d139">(一)物质环境</h4>
        <p>
          物质环境要求每班设置独立的符合婴幼儿身心特点的清洁区(卫生间),并相对隔开,尤其是独立设置的全日制托育机构。盥洗间和卫生间内均为平整无台阶的地面,地面均应使用防滑地砖,避免婴幼儿出现滑跌的现象;墙面边缘及洗手池边缘应做圆角设计,防止婴幼儿碰撞受伤;托小班的卫生间需要提供尿布台(挂壁或台式),单独设置在一个区域。如有条件,还应提供单独配套使用的水池和专用垃圾桶。因为换尿布区域如果不注意清洁消毒,或者未与其他区域相对分开,易传播痢疾病毒、轮状病毒以及一些肠道病毒等。托小班、托大班的卫生间内可配备婴幼儿专用坐便器、小便斗或小便池,坐便器高度宜为0.25m以下。每班至少设两个大便器、两个小便器,便器之间应加隔板,隔板处可加设扶手,便于婴幼儿在如厕时使用。日常使用后均须及时做好清洗消毒工作。若卫生间无窗,需要考虑安装通风设施。每班至少设三个适合婴幼儿使用的洗手池,高度宜为0.4~0.45m,宽度宜为0.35~0.4m。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d140">(二)心理环境</h4>
        <p>
          心理环境要求卫生间的整体设计营造温馨的氛围,让婴幼儿感受到舒适、安全,在尿布台、如厕区和盥洗区张贴符合婴幼儿认知水平的操作流程图。保育员在为婴幼儿换尿布时应装扮整齐,尽量不佩戴耳环、胸针、戒指、手
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="183">
      <!-- 偶数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">2-36</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(183) > -1">
        <!-- 偶数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">2-36</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>
            镯(环)、项链或手表等具有潜在风险的饰品或用具,动作应规范、轻柔,眼睛应注视着婴幼儿,对婴幼儿的口语及肢体动作能等待、观察、聆听,并做出回应。在指导如厕过程中,与婴幼儿对话或沟通时能使用简单明确的字词、适宜的语速、柔和的语调,以耐心、愉悦、温柔、正向的方式与婴幼儿说话及互动。
          </p>
          <h3 id="c059">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">六</span>  如厕前的准备工作 </span>
          </h3>
          <p>
            ①做好如厕的物质准备。每日在婴幼儿来园前,需要清洁消毒尿布台、坐便器、便池和地面,准备洗手液(洗手皂)、尿布、湿巾、手纸、擦手巾(擦手纸)等日常消耗品。保持地面干燥、空气清新、便池洁净且无异味。
          </p>
          <p>
            ②如厕用品规范摆放。在水池台面两边各放一瓶洗手液,将洗手液按线摆放,这样便于随时归位。将婴幼儿如厕使用的手纸按实际需要的尺寸裁好,放在便纸盒内,摆放的位置和高低要以方便蹲在便池上或坐在便器上的婴幼儿随时取用为标准。清洁消毒后的毛巾要按照一人一巾的顺序挂好。
          </p>
          <p>
            ③了解婴幼儿在家大小便的习惯,掌握本班婴幼儿的大小便规律,以便有针对性地关注、指导婴幼儿排便。
          </p>
          <p>④请家长给婴幼儿准备1~2套舒适的衣服,以备大、小便污染衣服时更换。</p>
          <p>
            ⑤带领新入园的婴幼儿认识男、女厕所的环境、设施,了解设施的使用方法。
          </p>
          <h3 id="c060">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">七</span>  换尿布的注意事项 </span>
          </h3>
          <p>①选择固定的地方换尿布,如设置一个专门换尿布的台子。</p>
          <p>
            ②换尿布前清洗双手,将所需的用品准备妥当,如干净的尿布、湿纸巾或卫生纸、护臀膏、浴巾或干布,避免拿取物品或短暂离开时婴幼儿翻滚摔落。
          </p>
          <p>
            ③在换尿布的台面上先铺一块垫子(或大块纸巾),以免婴幼儿在换尿布时排便而弄脏台面,或者在换尿布前对尿布台进行清洁和消毒,可减少台面上的细菌。
          </p>
          <p>
            ④让婴幼儿平躺在尿布台上。为了防止污染,必要的时候可脱去婴幼儿的鞋袜和弄脏的衣服。
          </p>
          <p>
            ⑤尿布湿了最好尽快更换,新生儿每周大约使用80块,1岁左右使用50块,避免臀部浸在尿液或大便中。
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>
          镯(环)、项链或手表等具有潜在风险的饰品或用具,动作应规范、轻柔,眼睛应注视着婴幼儿,对婴幼儿的口语及肢体动作能等待、观察、聆听,并做出回应。在指导如厕过程中,与婴幼儿对话或沟通时能使用简单明确的字词、适宜的语速、柔和的语调,以耐心、愉悦、温柔、正向的方式与婴幼儿说话及互动。
        </p>
        <h3 id="c059">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">六</span>  如厕前的准备工作 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <p>
          ①做好如厕的物质准备。每日在婴幼儿来园前,需要清洁消毒尿布台、坐便器、便池和地面,准备洗手液(洗手皂)、尿布、湿巾、手纸、擦手巾(擦手纸)等日常消耗品。保持地面干燥、空气清新、便池洁净且无异味。
        </p>
        <p>
          ②如厕用品规范摆放。在水池台面两边各放一瓶洗手液,将洗手液按线摆放,这样便于随时归位。将婴幼儿如厕使用的手纸按实际需要的尺寸裁好,放在便纸盒内,摆放的位置和高低要以方便蹲在便池上或坐在便器上的婴幼儿随时取用为标准。清洁消毒后的毛巾要按照一人一巾的顺序挂好。
        </p>
        <p>
          ③了解婴幼儿在家大小便的习惯,掌握本班婴幼儿的大小便规律,以便有针对性地关注、指导婴幼儿排便。
        </p>
        <p>④请家长给婴幼儿准备1~2套舒适的衣服,以备大、小便污染衣服时更换。</p>
        <p>
          ⑤带领新入园的婴幼儿认识男、女厕所的环境、设施,了解设施的使用方法。
        </p>
        <h3 id="c060">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">七</span>  换尿布的注意事项 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <p>①选择固定的地方换尿布,如设置一个专门换尿布的台子。</p>
        <p>
          ②换尿布前清洗双手,将所需的用品准备妥当,如干净的尿布、湿纸巾或卫生纸、护臀膏、浴巾或干布,避免拿取物品或短暂离开时婴幼儿翻滚摔落。
        </p>
        <p>
          ③在换尿布的台面上先铺一块垫子(或大块纸巾),以免婴幼儿在换尿布时排便而弄脏台面,或者在换尿布前对尿布台进行清洁和消毒,可减少台面上的细菌。
        </p>
        <p>
          ④让婴幼儿平躺在尿布台上。为了防止污染,必要的时候可脱去婴幼儿的鞋袜和弄脏的衣服。
        </p>
        <p>
          ⑤尿布湿了最好尽快更换,新生儿每周大约使用80块,1岁左右使用50块,避免臀部浸在尿液或大便中。
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="184">
      <!-- 奇数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">专题四·如厕活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">2-37</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(184) > -1">
        <!-- 奇数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">专题四·如厕活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">2-37</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>
            ⑥大便留在尿布内最容易使婴幼儿的屁股发红或起疹子,换尿布时,要轻轻地用尿布的边缘擦掉大部分粪便,用一次性湿巾从前往后地把屁股擦干净,或者用小毛巾将屁股用温水洗净,用纸巾擦干,涂上护臀膏,再包尿布。
          </p>
          <p>
            ⑦有些婴幼儿的皮肤很敏感,不适合使用市面上售卖的湿纸巾,不妨用蘸水的纱布代替。
          </p>
          <p>
            ⑧换下来的尿布务必卷包好,与用过的一次性物品一起丢进有盖子的垃圾桶内。若每次都用棉布材质的尿布,最好能妥善处理,以减少臭味。
          </p>
          <p>⑨换尿布时需要积极与婴幼儿沟通,帮助有需要的婴幼儿穿衣服。</p>
          <p>⑩换完尿布应将尿布台及垫子用消毒液再擦拭一次,以减少细菌滋生。</p>
          <p>⑪换好尿布后为婴幼儿洗手。</p>
          <p>⑫全部清理完毕后,要用洗手液仔细清洗双手再做其他的事。</p>
          <h3 id="c061">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">八</span>  如厕训练的时机 </span>
          </h3>
          <p>①一般从1岁半至2岁开始。</p>
          <p>②婴幼儿有了独立意识,说话喜欢用“我”开始。</p>
          <p>③纸尿裤能长时间保持干爽。</p>
          <p>④排便时间有规律。</p>
          <p>⑤婴幼儿坐得稳,走得稳,弯腰蹲下能再站起来。</p>
          <p>⑥知道大小便的不同,形成大小便去厕所的概念。</p>
          <p>
            ⑦会用肢体语言表达有便的信号,如突然安静下来、表情改变、跳脚、蹲下、拉扯裤子。
          </p>
          <p>⑧会用语言、手势告诉大人。</p>
          <p>⑨会模仿家长或同伴的如厕动作。</p>
          <p>⑩婴幼儿能听懂指令,会模仿使用便盆。</p>
          <h3 id="c062">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">九</span>  训练如厕 </span>
          </h3>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d141">(一)评估婴幼儿的准备程度</h4>
          <p>
            一般来说,从2岁左右就应该对孩子开始进行如厕训练,但也有些孩子可能要到4岁才能准备好,保育员要观察其如厕的信号。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d142">(二)购买合适的便盆</h4>
          <p>购买适合婴幼儿使用的便盆,选择正规厂家生产的安全、容易清洗、无</p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>
          ⑥大便留在尿布内最容易使婴幼儿的屁股发红或起疹子,换尿布时,要轻轻地用尿布的边缘擦掉大部分粪便,用一次性湿巾从前往后地把屁股擦干净,或者用小毛巾将屁股用温水洗净,用纸巾擦干,涂上护臀膏,再包尿布。
        </p>
        <p>
          ⑦有些婴幼儿的皮肤很敏感,不适合使用市面上售卖的湿纸巾,不妨用蘸水的纱布代替。
        </p>
        <p>
          ⑧换下来的尿布务必卷包好,与用过的一次性物品一起丢进有盖子的垃圾桶内。若每次都用棉布材质的尿布,最好能妥善处理,以减少臭味。
        </p>
        <p>⑨换尿布时需要积极与婴幼儿沟通,帮助有需要的婴幼儿穿衣服。</p>
        <p>⑩换完尿布应将尿布台及垫子用消毒液再擦拭一次,以减少细菌滋生。</p>
        <p>⑪换好尿布后为婴幼儿洗手。</p>
        <p>⑫全部清理完毕后,要用洗手液仔细清洗双手再做其他的事。</p>
        <h3 id="c061">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">八</span>  如厕训练的时机 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <p>①一般从1岁半至2岁开始。</p>
        <p>②婴幼儿有了独立意识,说话喜欢用“我”开始。</p>
        <p>③纸尿裤能长时间保持干爽。</p>
        <p>④排便时间有规律。</p>
        <p>⑤婴幼儿坐得稳,走得稳,弯腰蹲下能再站起来。</p>
        <p>⑥知道大小便的不同,形成大小便去厕所的概念。</p>
        <p>
          ⑦会用肢体语言表达有便的信号,如突然安静下来、表情改变、跳脚、蹲下、拉扯裤子。
        </p>
        <p>⑧会用语言、手势告诉大人。</p>
        <p>⑨会模仿家长或同伴的如厕动作。</p>
        <p>⑩婴幼儿能听懂指令,会模仿使用便盆。</p>
        <h3 id="c062">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">九</span>  训练如厕 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d141">(一)评估婴幼儿的准备程度</h4>
        <p>
          一般来说,从2岁左右就应该对孩子开始进行如厕训练,但也有些孩子可能要到4岁才能准备好,保育员要观察其如厕的信号。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d142">(二)购买合适的便盆</h4>
        <p>购买适合婴幼儿使用的便盆,选择正规厂家生产的安全、容易清洗、无</p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="185">
      <!-- 偶数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">2-38</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(185) > -1">
        <!-- 偶数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">2-38</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>
            须骑跨的婴幼儿专用便盆,或给普通马桶加婴幼儿专门的马桶圈,确保婴幼儿能双脚踩地坐稳。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d143">(三)制订如厕常规</h4>
          <p>
            在温暖的季节开始训练,训练要固定时间,可以是早餐后、洗澡前或任何婴幼儿很可能大便的时间。每天让婴幼儿坐在便盆上尝试一次,每次坐便盆的时间不超过10分钟,让婴幼儿习惯便盆,把它当作自己日常生活的一部分。如果婴幼儿不愿意坐在便盆上,一定不要强迫,可以等几周或一个月以后再试。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d144">(四)摆脱尿布或纸尿裤</h4>
          <p>
            裤子湿了立即换,让婴幼儿习惯干爽的感觉。让婴幼儿不用尿布或不穿纸尿裤坐在便盆上,尽量让婴幼儿明白这是如厕的意思,并能表达出如厕意愿。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d145">(五)解释过程</h4>
          <p>
            向婴幼儿展示怎么处理大便,可请同性别的成人或大孩子示范。如给婴幼儿换纸尿裤时,可把婴幼儿带到便盆处,让婴幼儿坐下,然后帮其解开纸尿裤,把大便扔进便盆。这有助于婴幼儿把“坐下”和“排便”联系起来。把便盆里的大便倒进马桶后,可以尝试让婴幼儿来冲水,教导婴幼儿排便后自己穿裤子和洗手。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d146">(六)训练独立性</h4>
          <p>
            鼓励婴幼儿想排便的时候就用便盆,排便时不给玩具。尝试让婴幼儿在某些时候不用尿布或纸尿裤,把便盆放在旁边。告诉婴幼儿,有需要的话就使用便盆,并且提醒婴幼儿便盆就在旁边。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d147">(七)尝试穿内裤</h4>
          <p>
            鼓励婴幼儿穿内裤。当婴幼儿因穿内裤而受到激励时,将会配合如厕训练。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d148">(八)开始夜间训练</h4>
          <p>
            别让婴幼儿在上床前喝太多水,夜晚不宜中断睡眠强迫婴幼儿大小便,应告诉婴幼儿半夜可以叫成人带其使用便盆,从而减少夜间尿床的次数。此外,把便盆放在婴幼儿的床旁,以便随时使用。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d149">(九)合理对待退步现象</h4>
          <p>
            在婴幼儿如厕成功后给予赞美,如厕训练出现状况时也不要生气或惩罚婴幼儿,要平静地收拾干净,告诉婴幼儿下次试试使用便盆。
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>
          须骑跨的婴幼儿专用便盆,或给普通马桶加婴幼儿专门的马桶圈,确保婴幼儿能双脚踩地坐稳。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d143">(三)制订如厕常规</h4>
        <p>
          在温暖的季节开始训练,训练要固定时间,可以是早餐后、洗澡前或任何婴幼儿很可能大便的时间。每天让婴幼儿坐在便盆上尝试一次,每次坐便盆的时间不超过10分钟,让婴幼儿习惯便盆,把它当作自己日常生活的一部分。如果婴幼儿不愿意坐在便盆上,一定不要强迫,可以等几周或一个月以后再试。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d144">(四)摆脱尿布或纸尿裤</h4>
        <p>
          裤子湿了立即换,让婴幼儿习惯干爽的感觉。让婴幼儿不用尿布或不穿纸尿裤坐在便盆上,尽量让婴幼儿明白这是如厕的意思,并能表达出如厕意愿。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d145">(五)解释过程</h4>
        <p>
          向婴幼儿展示怎么处理大便,可请同性别的成人或大孩子示范。如给婴幼儿换纸尿裤时,可把婴幼儿带到便盆处,让婴幼儿坐下,然后帮其解开纸尿裤,把大便扔进便盆。这有助于婴幼儿把“坐下”和“排便”联系起来。把便盆里的大便倒进马桶后,可以尝试让婴幼儿来冲水,教导婴幼儿排便后自己穿裤子和洗手。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d146">(六)训练独立性</h4>
        <p>
          鼓励婴幼儿想排便的时候就用便盆,排便时不给玩具。尝试让婴幼儿在某些时候不用尿布或纸尿裤,把便盆放在旁边。告诉婴幼儿,有需要的话就使用便盆,并且提醒婴幼儿便盆就在旁边。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d147">(七)尝试穿内裤</h4>
        <p>
          鼓励婴幼儿穿内裤。当婴幼儿因穿内裤而受到激励时,将会配合如厕训练。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d148">(八)开始夜间训练</h4>
        <p>
          别让婴幼儿在上床前喝太多水,夜晚不宜中断睡眠强迫婴幼儿大小便,应告诉婴幼儿半夜可以叫成人带其使用便盆,从而减少夜间尿床的次数。此外,把便盆放在婴幼儿的床旁,以便随时使用。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d149">(九)合理对待退步现象</h4>
        <p>
          在婴幼儿如厕成功后给予赞美,如厕训练出现状况时也不要生气或惩罚婴幼儿,要平静地收拾干净,告诉婴幼儿下次试试使用便盆。
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="186">
      <!-- 奇数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">专题四·如厕活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">2-39</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(186) > -1">
        <!-- 奇数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">专题四·如厕活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">2-39</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d150">(十)注意事项</h4>
          <p>
            开始训练的时间不宜过早,应依照婴幼儿实际发育情况安排训练;不要过多地责怪婴幼儿,要多鼓励;在训练过程中要有耐心、温柔、不指责;注意保护婴幼儿的自尊心和隐私。
          </p>
          <h3 id="c063">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">十</span>  托育机构如厕的指导流程 </span>
          </h3>
          <p>托育机构如厕的指导流程见表2-4-1</p>
          <p class="img">表2-4-1 如厕环节及具体的要求</p>
          <p class="center">
            <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0202-1.jpg" />
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d150">(十)注意事项</h4>
        <p>
          开始训练的时间不宜过早,应依照婴幼儿实际发育情况安排训练;不要过多地责怪婴幼儿,要多鼓励;在训练过程中要有耐心、温柔、不指责;注意保护婴幼儿的自尊心和隐私。
        </p>
        <h3 id="c063">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">十</span>  托育机构如厕的指导流程 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <p>托育机构如厕的指导流程见表2-4-1</p>
        <p class="img">表2-4-1 如厕环节及具体的要求</p>
        <p class="center">
          <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0202-1.jpg" />
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="187">
      <!-- 偶数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">2-40</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(187) > -1">
        <!-- 偶数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">2-40</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h3 id="c064">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">十一</span>  辨别异常便并留样 </span>
          </h3>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d151">(一)大便异常</h4>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e115">1.次数及排便量</h5>
          <p>
            排便次数因人而异,婴幼儿可每天排便1~5次或几天排便1次,若排便次数突然改变并伴有其他不适表现可考虑是出现了异常情况。
          </p>
          <p>
            排便量与膳食种类、数量、摄入液体量、大便次数及消化器官的功能有关。若进食少纤维、高蛋白等精细食物,大便则会量少而细腻;若进食大量蔬菜、水果等粗粮,则大便量较多。当消化器官功能紊乱时,排便量会发生改变。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e116">2.颜色</h5>
          <p>
            母乳喂养儿的大便多为金黄色,配方奶喂养儿的大便多为淡黄色,常含奶瓣。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e117">3.性状</h5>
          <p>
            婴幼儿未添加辅食前,大便未成形;增加辅食后,会形成软便。若发生便秘,大便坚硬呈栗子样;若发生消化不良或急性肠炎,大便为稀水样。
          </p>
          <p>
            ①粪便表面有鲜血,血与粪便不混在一起,排便时哭闹,可能是肛门皮肤有裂口。
          </p>
          <p>②有脓血样大便且排便次数多,伴有高热,可能是细菌性痢疾。</p>
          <p>③有红果酱样大便,伴有腹痛、呕吐,可能为肠套叠。</p>
          <p>④有蛋花汤样大便且便次增加,可能为一般腹泻。</p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e118">4.气味</h5>
          <p>
            正常大便的气味因膳食种类而异,食肉味重,食素味轻。消化不良、未充分消化乳糖类食物或吸收脂肪酸会产生气体,粪便呈酸性反应,气味酸臭。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d152">(二)小便</h4>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e119">1.尿色异常</h5>
          <p>
            正常新鲜的尿液呈淡黄色或深黄色。当尿液浓缩时,量少且色深。尿液的颜色还受某些食物、药物的影响,如进食大量胡萝卜或服用核黄素,尿液呈深黄色。在病理情况下,尿液可能有以下几种。
          </p>
          <p>(1)橘黄色尿</p>
          <p>
            尿色加深呈橘黄色或棕绿色,可见于肝、胆疾病。但服用某些药物如维生素B<sub>2</sub>等,尿液也会呈橘黄色。
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h3 id="c064">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">十一</span>  辨别异常便并留样 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d151">(一)大便异常</h4>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e115">1.次数及排便量</h5>
        <p>
          排便次数因人而异,婴幼儿可每天排便1~5次或几天排便1次,若排便次数突然改变并伴有其他不适表现可考虑是出现了异常情况。
        </p>
        <p>
          排便量与膳食种类、数量、摄入液体量、大便次数及消化器官的功能有关。若进食少纤维、高蛋白等精细食物,大便则会量少而细腻;若进食大量蔬菜、水果等粗粮,则大便量较多。当消化器官功能紊乱时,排便量会发生改变。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e116">2.颜色</h5>
        <p>
          母乳喂养儿的大便多为金黄色,配方奶喂养儿的大便多为淡黄色,常含奶瓣。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e117">3.性状</h5>
        <p>
          婴幼儿未添加辅食前,大便未成形;增加辅食后,会形成软便。若发生便秘,大便坚硬呈栗子样;若发生消化不良或急性肠炎,大便为稀水样。
        </p>
        <p>
          ①粪便表面有鲜血,血与粪便不混在一起,排便时哭闹,可能是肛门皮肤有裂口。
        </p>
        <p>②有脓血样大便且排便次数多,伴有高热,可能是细菌性痢疾。</p>
        <p>③有红果酱样大便,伴有腹痛、呕吐,可能为肠套叠。</p>
        <p>④有蛋花汤样大便且便次增加,可能为一般腹泻。</p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e118">4.气味</h5>
        <p>
          正常大便的气味因膳食种类而异,食肉味重,食素味轻。消化不良、未充分消化乳糖类食物或吸收脂肪酸会产生气体,粪便呈酸性反应,气味酸臭。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d152">(二)小便</h4>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e119">1.尿色异常</h5>
        <p>
          正常新鲜的尿液呈淡黄色或深黄色。当尿液浓缩时,量少且色深。尿液的颜色还受某些食物、药物的影响,如进食大量胡萝卜或服用核黄素,尿液呈深黄色。在病理情况下,尿液可能有以下几种。
        </p>
        <p>(1)橘黄色尿</p>
        <p>
          尿色加深呈橘黄色或棕绿色,可见于肝、胆疾病。但服用某些药物如维生素B<sub>2</sub>等,尿液也会呈橘黄色。
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="188">
      <!-- 奇数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">专题四·如厕活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">2-41</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(188) > -1">
        <!-- 奇数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">专题四·如厕活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">2-41</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>(2)红色尿</p>
          <p>尿液呈洗肉水样,同时眼皮浮肿,可见于急性肾小球肾炎。</p>
          <p>(3)乳白色尿</p>
          <p>
            排出乳白色尿并伴有尿频、尿急、尿痛,可见于泌尿道感染。冬天,汗液分泌量减少,从尿中排出的代谢废物增多。若饮水量不足,尿液过于浓缩,排出体外冷却后,原来溶解的代谢废物呈结晶析出,就使尿液变浑,似米汤样,或放置一会儿,在尿盆底部会有一层乳白色的沉渣,虽然是正常现象,但还是需要让婴幼儿适量饮水,以利于体内代谢废物排出。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e120">2.尿量及排尿次数异常</h5>
          <p>
            婴幼儿每天尿量为400~600mL,少于200mL为少尿。刚出生的婴儿每日排尿4~6次,一周后每日增至20~25次,以后逐渐延长间隔时间。1岁时每天15~16次,3岁后每天6~7次。尿量明显减少,眼皮浮肿,常是肾脏疾病的表现;腹泻伴尿量明显减少,是脱水的表现;排尿次数明显增加,憋不住尿,常是泌尿道感染的症状。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d153">(三)大小便留样</h4>
          <p>
            保育员应观察婴幼儿大小便的量、颜色、性状等,及时发现异常,对异常便进行留样。准备干净清洁的容器、橡胶手套,以便收集尿液和粪便标本。保育员应留取中段尿装入密闭的小瓶容器,挑取便盆里最有代表性的大便少许,放入密闭的小瓶容器。整理器具,洗手,记录。正确分析异常大小便,出现严重异常情况应及时就医。
          </p>
          <h3 id="c065">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">十二</span>  组织集体如厕 </span>
          </h3>
          <p>①保育员应用和蔼的态度提醒婴幼儿如厕。</p>
          <p>②保育员应提醒婴幼儿排便时不说话,排便时间不超过10分钟。</p>
          <p>③保育员应逐步培养婴幼儿每日定时大便的习惯(最好在晨间)。</p>
          <p>④保育员应指导婴幼儿对准便盆或马桶大小便,不要排在外面。</p>
          <p>
            ⑤保育员应帮助年龄小的婴幼儿擦屁股,指导年龄大的婴幼儿自己擦屁股。擦屁股时要从前向后擦。纸要事先裁好并放在盒子里,还要将盒子摆在固定位置,方便婴幼儿自取。
          </p>
          <p>
            ⑥保育员应帮助年龄小的婴儿便后穿好裤子,指导年龄大的幼儿自己穿好裤子。在冬季,注意腿部保暖,对个别婴幼儿进行帮助。
          </p>
          <p>⑦保育员应提醒婴幼儿便后冲水和按次序洗手。</p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>(2)红色尿</p>
        <p>尿液呈洗肉水样,同时眼皮浮肿,可见于急性肾小球肾炎。</p>
        <p>(3)乳白色尿</p>
        <p>
          排出乳白色尿并伴有尿频、尿急、尿痛,可见于泌尿道感染。冬天,汗液分泌量减少,从尿中排出的代谢废物增多。若饮水量不足,尿液过于浓缩,排出体外冷却后,原来溶解的代谢废物呈结晶析出,就使尿液变浑,似米汤样,或放置一会儿,在尿盆底部会有一层乳白色的沉渣,虽然是正常现象,但还是需要让婴幼儿适量饮水,以利于体内代谢废物排出。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e120">2.尿量及排尿次数异常</h5>
        <p>
          婴幼儿每天尿量为400~600mL,少于200mL为少尿。刚出生的婴儿每日排尿4~6次,一周后每日增至20~25次,以后逐渐延长间隔时间。1岁时每天15~16次,3岁后每天6~7次。尿量明显减少,眼皮浮肿,常是肾脏疾病的表现;腹泻伴尿量明显减少,是脱水的表现;排尿次数明显增加,憋不住尿,常是泌尿道感染的症状。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d153">(三)大小便留样</h4>
        <p>
          保育员应观察婴幼儿大小便的量、颜色、性状等,及时发现异常,对异常便进行留样。准备干净清洁的容器、橡胶手套,以便收集尿液和粪便标本。保育员应留取中段尿装入密闭的小瓶容器,挑取便盆里最有代表性的大便少许,放入密闭的小瓶容器。整理器具,洗手,记录。正确分析异常大小便,出现严重异常情况应及时就医。
        </p>
        <h3 id="c065">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">十二</span>  组织集体如厕 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <p>①保育员应用和蔼的态度提醒婴幼儿如厕。</p>
        <p>②保育员应提醒婴幼儿排便时不说话,排便时间不超过10分钟。</p>
        <p>③保育员应逐步培养婴幼儿每日定时大便的习惯(最好在晨间)。</p>
        <p>④保育员应指导婴幼儿对准便盆或马桶大小便,不要排在外面。</p>
        <p>
          ⑤保育员应帮助年龄小的婴幼儿擦屁股,指导年龄大的婴幼儿自己擦屁股。擦屁股时要从前向后擦。纸要事先裁好并放在盒子里,还要将盒子摆在固定位置,方便婴幼儿自取。
        </p>
        <p>
          ⑥保育员应帮助年龄小的婴儿便后穿好裤子,指导年龄大的幼儿自己穿好裤子。在冬季,注意腿部保暖,对个别婴幼儿进行帮助。
        </p>
        <p>⑦保育员应提醒婴幼儿便后冲水和按次序洗手。</p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="189">
      <!-- 偶数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">2-42</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(189) > -1">
        <!-- 偶数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">2-42</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h3 id="c066">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">十三</span>  指导如厕清洁 </span>
          </h3>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d154">(一)学习折叠纸巾</h4>
          <p>
            擦屁股之前先让婴幼儿练习如何折叠好纸巾,告诉婴幼儿必须用足够厚的纸巾,擦屁股时手指才不会被弄脏。可以让婴幼儿先练习擦鼻子、擦桌子等,让他们学习擦的动作。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d155">(二)掌握“干净”的概念</h4>
          <p>
            可以在活动中把“干净”这个概念放到故事中,用角色来引导婴幼儿注意自身卫生。例如,可以编一个不擦屁股的胖胖熊的故事,故事中胖胖熊总是不好好擦屁股,最后变得臭臭的,谁也不喜欢它。通过这个故事,让婴幼儿懂得要爱干净。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d156">(三)开展模拟训练</h4>
          <p>
            把大米粥涂在玩具娃娃的屁股上,让婴幼儿先折叠好卫生纸,然后试着去擦,遵循“从前到后,不要太用力”的原则,擦一次折叠一次纸巾,如果折叠纸巾2~3次后还擦不干净,则换新的纸巾继续擦,直到纸巾上没有污物痕迹为止。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d157">(四)进行实战练习</h4>
          <p>
            指导婴幼儿尝试自己擦屁股,在确定婴幼儿能自己完全做好之前,保育员可以和他们约定,允许自己在他们擦完之后检查一下。这时候,可以趁机帮他们擦干净。同时,要多鼓励婴幼儿,注意保护婴幼儿的自尊心。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d158">(五)便后冲水</h4>
          <p>
            指导婴幼儿如厕、擦屁股结束后,冲水清洁马桶,如果是可移动便盆,由保育员清洗便盆。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d159">(六)便后洗手</h4>
          <p>指导婴幼儿在完成所有的如厕活动后做好手部清洁,预防疾病的发生。</p>
          <h3 id="c067">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">十四</span>  便器清洁消毒 </span>
          </h3>
          <p>
            婴幼儿每次大便后都要清洗消毒(日常用)便盆,婴幼儿每次小便后都要对便盆进行清洗;每日用浓度为500mg/L的有效氯消毒液将便盆消毒两次,消毒时水面应高于物面。
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h3 id="c066">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">十三</span>  指导如厕清洁 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d154">(一)学习折叠纸巾</h4>
        <p>
          擦屁股之前先让婴幼儿练习如何折叠好纸巾,告诉婴幼儿必须用足够厚的纸巾,擦屁股时手指才不会被弄脏。可以让婴幼儿先练习擦鼻子、擦桌子等,让他们学习擦的动作。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d155">(二)掌握“干净”的概念</h4>
        <p>
          可以在活动中把“干净”这个概念放到故事中,用角色来引导婴幼儿注意自身卫生。例如,可以编一个不擦屁股的胖胖熊的故事,故事中胖胖熊总是不好好擦屁股,最后变得臭臭的,谁也不喜欢它。通过这个故事,让婴幼儿懂得要爱干净。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d156">(三)开展模拟训练</h4>
        <p>
          把大米粥涂在玩具娃娃的屁股上,让婴幼儿先折叠好卫生纸,然后试着去擦,遵循“从前到后,不要太用力”的原则,擦一次折叠一次纸巾,如果折叠纸巾2~3次后还擦不干净,则换新的纸巾继续擦,直到纸巾上没有污物痕迹为止。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d157">(四)进行实战练习</h4>
        <p>
          指导婴幼儿尝试自己擦屁股,在确定婴幼儿能自己完全做好之前,保育员可以和他们约定,允许自己在他们擦完之后检查一下。这时候,可以趁机帮他们擦干净。同时,要多鼓励婴幼儿,注意保护婴幼儿的自尊心。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d158">(五)便后冲水</h4>
        <p>
          指导婴幼儿如厕、擦屁股结束后,冲水清洁马桶,如果是可移动便盆,由保育员清洗便盆。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d159">(六)便后洗手</h4>
        <p>指导婴幼儿在完成所有的如厕活动后做好手部清洁,预防疾病的发生。</p>
        <h3 id="c067">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">十四</span>  便器清洁消毒 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <p>
          婴幼儿每次大便后都要清洗消毒(日常用)便盆,婴幼儿每次小便后都要对便盆进行清洗;每日用浓度为500mg/L的有效氯消毒液将便盆消毒两次,消毒时水面应高于物面。
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="190">
      <!-- 奇数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">专题四·如厕活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">2-43</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(190) > -1">
        <!-- 奇数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">专题四·如厕活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">2-43</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d160">(一)坐便器的清洁消毒</h4>
          <p>
            物品准备:马桶刷、小水桶、浓度为500mg/L的有效氯消毒液、两块抹布、橡胶手套。
          </p>
          <p>
            操作步骤:用马桶刷刷净马桶里侧,冲洗一下。将经消毒的干净抹布浸湿、拧干,然后依次从上到下,即按照水箱—马桶盖外侧—马桶盖里侧—马桶圈上面—马桶圈下面—马桶底座的顺序进行擦拭。每擦一个地方搓洗一下抹布。马桶消毒用同样的方法。需要注意的是,应先用消毒液擦拭,20分钟后再用湿毛巾擦拭干净,消除消毒液残留。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d161">(二)沟槽便池的清洁消毒</h4>
          <p>
            配制浓度为10000mg/L的有效氯消毒液,倒入便槽内,按照便池内槽侧壁—便池内槽底部的顺序刷洗,最后按下便池冲洗按钮,冲洗沟槽。小便池消毒时,使用浓度为500mg/L的有效氯消毒液消毒,用专用抹布进行擦拭,消毒液留置30分钟后,用干净抹布擦拭,去除残留消毒液。
          </p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <p class="left"><span class="bj3">学习反思</span></p>
            <textarea v-model="chapter013.textAreaItem.text39" style="border: 0" placeholder="请输入内容" rows="5"
              class="textareaInput" @blur="onBlurChange('text39')"></textarea>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d160">(一)坐便器的清洁消毒</h4>
        <p>
          物品准备:马桶刷、小水桶、浓度为500mg/L的有效氯消毒液、两块抹布、橡胶手套。
        </p>
        <p>
          操作步骤:用马桶刷刷净马桶里侧,冲洗一下。将经消毒的干净抹布浸湿、拧干,然后依次从上到下,即按照水箱—马桶盖外侧—马桶盖里侧—马桶圈上面—马桶圈下面—马桶底座的顺序进行擦拭。每擦一个地方搓洗一下抹布。马桶消毒用同样的方法。需要注意的是,应先用消毒液擦拭,20分钟后再用湿毛巾擦拭干净,消除消毒液残留。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d161">(二)沟槽便池的清洁消毒</h4>
        <p>
          配制浓度为10000mg/L的有效氯消毒液,倒入便槽内,按照便池内槽侧壁—便池内槽底部的顺序刷洗,最后按下便池冲洗按钮,冲洗沟槽。小便池消毒时,使用浓度为500mg/L的有效氯消毒液消毒,用专用抹布进行擦拭,消毒液留置30分钟后,用干净抹布擦拭,去除残留消毒液。
        </p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <p class="left"><span class="bj3">学习反思</span></p>
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter013.textAreaItem.text39"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            class="textareaInput"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text39')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>
@@ -613,6 +644,17 @@
export default {
  name: "chapter013",
  props: {
    showPageList: {
      type: Array,
      default: [],
    },
    questionData: {
      type: Object,
    },
  },
  data() {
    return {
      chapter013: {
src/books/lifeCare/view/chapter014.vue
@@ -1,436 +1,472 @@
<template>
  <div class="chapter" num="15">
    <div class="page-box" page="191">
      <div class="bodystyle topImg">
        <h2 id="b013"><img class="img-0" alt="" src="../image/zt5.jpg" /></h2>
        <div class="bk">
          <div class="bj1">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/zt-xxmb.jpg" />
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(191) > -1">
        <div class="bodystyle topImg">
          <h2 id="b013"><img class="img-0" alt="" src="../image/zt5.jpg" /></h2>
          <div class="bk">
            <div class="bj1">
              <p class="left">
                <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/zt-xxmb.jpg" />
              </p>
            </div>
            <p class="block">学习本专题,你将达成以下目标。</p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
              知道不同年龄段的婴幼儿的营养需求、膳食要求和喂养原则。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
              知道提高婴幼儿食欲的策略。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
              会安排不同年龄段婴幼儿的一日饮食。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
              会为婴幼儿选择合适的餐具。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
              会为婴幼儿分发餐具与食物并进行餐前教育。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
              会喂哺婴幼儿。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
              能指导幼儿用勺进食、组织幼儿集体自主进餐。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
              掌握判断婴幼儿是否吃饱了的方法。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
              会排除进餐中的安全隐患。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
              会帮助婴幼儿养成良好的进餐习惯。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
              会照护特殊婴幼儿进餐。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p class="block">学习本专题,你将达成以下目标。</p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
            知道不同年龄段的婴幼儿的营养需求、膳食要求和喂养原则。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
            知道提高婴幼儿食欲的策略。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
            会安排不同年龄段婴幼儿的一日饮食。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
            会为婴幼儿选择合适的餐具。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
            会为婴幼儿分发餐具与食物并进行餐前教育。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
            会喂哺婴幼儿。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
            能指导幼儿用勺进食、组织幼儿集体自主进餐。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
            掌握判断婴幼儿是否吃饱了的方法。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
            会排除进餐中的安全隐患。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
            会帮助婴幼儿养成良好的进餐习惯。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            <img class="inline" alt="" src="../image/0001-5.jpg" />
            会照护特殊婴幼儿进餐。
          </p>
        </div>
        <div class="bk">
          <div class="bj1">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/zt-gjc.jpg" />
          <div class="bk">
            <div class="bj1">
              <p class="left">
                <img class="img-gn" alt="" src="../image/zt-gjc.jpg" />
              </p>
            </div>
            <p class="block">
              进餐:吃饭。在本教材中,进餐特指婴幼儿喝奶和吃半固体或固体食物。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              餐具:用餐时直接接触食物的非可食性工具,用于辅助食物分发或摄取食物的器具。本教材中的餐具包括奶瓶、杯子,进食固体食物的碗、勺、盆、盘。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              喂哺:喂食、喂养。在本教材中,喂哺指用奶瓶和勺子喂养。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              特殊儿:与正常儿童在各方面有显著差异的各类儿童。在本教材中,特殊儿指在进餐时需要特殊照护的儿童,包括肥胖儿、挑食儿、体弱儿、过敏儿等。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p class="block">
            进餐:吃饭。在本教材中,进餐特指婴幼儿喝奶和吃半固体或固体食物。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            餐具:用餐时直接接触食物的非可食性工具,用于辅助食物分发或摄取食物的器具。本教材中的餐具包括奶瓶、杯子,进食固体食物的碗、勺、盆、盘。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            喂哺:喂食、喂养。在本教材中,喂哺指用奶瓶和勺子喂养。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            特殊儿:与正常儿童在各方面有显著差异的各类儿童。在本教材中,特殊儿指在进餐时需要特殊照护的儿童,包括肥胖儿、挑食儿、体弱儿、过敏儿等。
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="192">
      <!-- 奇数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">专题五·进餐活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">2-45</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(192) > -1">
        <!-- 奇数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">专题五·进餐活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">2-45</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>
            生命早期的10000天被世界卫生组织定义为一个人生长发育的“机遇窗口期”,是人的体格和大脑发育最快的时期,这期间的营养状况与其一生的健康息息相关,不仅影响身体和智力发育,还与成年后慢性病的发病率有明显联系。由于婴幼儿的消化系统、免疫系统尚未发育完善,生活自理能力不强,独立进餐能力、良好进餐习惯需要培养,因此,托育机构在进餐活动这一环节需要对婴幼儿进行特别的保育。托育机构应为婴幼儿提供丰富的营养,既可以使他们避免感染感冒和其他的传播性疾病,还可以使他们充分生长并发展最大的潜力。
          </p>
          <h3 id="c068">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">一</span>  婴幼儿的营养需求 </span>
          </h3>
          <p>
            0~3岁婴幼儿处于快速生长发育阶段,合理的营养能促进婴幼儿生长发育并增进身体健康。营养供给不足时,可引起营养素缺乏性疾病,导致婴幼儿生长发育迟缓甚至影响成年后的体格和智力发育;反之,营养过剩则可能引起婴幼儿肥胖,可增加成年后发生糖尿病、高血压和冠心病的概率。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d162">(一)能量的需求</h4>
          <p>
            能量是人类一切生命活动的“动力源”,婴幼儿对能量的需求主要体现在以下五个方面(见表2-5-1)。
          </p>
          <p class="img">表2-5-1 婴幼儿能量的需求</p>
          <p class="center">
            <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0208-1.jpg" />
          </p>
          <p>
            由于婴幼儿的基础代谢率高、生长发育迅速、活动量比较大,与成年人相比,需要消耗的能量相对多,年龄越小需求量越大。
          </p>
          <p>
            能量来自食物中的碳水化合物、脂类和蛋白质,其中以碳水化合物为主。粮谷类、薯类和杂豆类食物富含碳水化合物,动物性食物比植物性食物含有更多的蛋白质和脂肪(大豆等油料作物和坚果除外),蔬菜和水果所含能量较少。
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>
          生命早期的10000天被世界卫生组织定义为一个人生长发育的“机遇窗口期”,是人的体格和大脑发育最快的时期,这期间的营养状况与其一生的健康息息相关,不仅影响身体和智力发育,还与成年后慢性病的发病率有明显联系。由于婴幼儿的消化系统、免疫系统尚未发育完善,生活自理能力不强,独立进餐能力、良好进餐习惯需要培养,因此,托育机构在进餐活动这一环节需要对婴幼儿进行特别的保育。托育机构应为婴幼儿提供丰富的营养,既可以使他们避免感染感冒和其他的传播性疾病,还可以使他们充分生长并发展最大的潜力。
        </p>
        <h3 id="c068">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">一</span>  婴幼儿的营养需求 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <p>
          0~3岁婴幼儿处于快速生长发育阶段,合理的营养能促进婴幼儿生长发育并增进身体健康。营养供给不足时,可引起营养素缺乏性疾病,导致婴幼儿生长发育迟缓甚至影响成年后的体格和智力发育;反之,营养过剩则可能引起婴幼儿肥胖,可增加成年后发生糖尿病、高血压和冠心病的概率。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d162">(一)能量的需求</h4>
        <p>
          能量是人类一切生命活动的“动力源”,婴幼儿对能量的需求主要体现在以下五个方面(见表2-5-1)。
        </p>
        <p class="img">表2-5-1 婴幼儿能量的需求</p>
        <p class="center">
          <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0208-1.jpg" />
        </p>
        <p>
          由于婴幼儿的基础代谢率高、生长发育迅速、活动量比较大,与成年人相比,需要消耗的能量相对多,年龄越小需求量越大。
        </p>
        <p>
          能量来自食物中的碳水化合物、脂类和蛋白质,其中以碳水化合物为主。粮谷类、薯类和杂豆类食物富含碳水化合物,动物性食物比植物性食物含有更多的蛋白质和脂肪(大豆等油料作物和坚果除外),蔬菜和水果所含能量较少。
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="193">
      <!-- 偶数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">2-46</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(193) > -1">
        <!-- 偶数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">2-46</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d163">(二)营养素的需求</h4>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e121">1.宏量营养素</h5>
          <p>
            蛋白质、脂类和碳水化合物这三类营养素,人体需求量大,在膳食中所占比重大,被称为宏量营养素(见表2-5-2)。
          </p>
          <p class="img">表2-5-2 婴幼儿对宏量营养素的需求</p>
          <p class="center">
            <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0209-1.jpg" />
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e122">2.微量营养素</h5>
          <p>
            人体对维生素和矿物质的需求相对较少,维生素和矿物质在膳食中所占比重较小,被称为微量营养素。
          </p>
          <p>(1)维生素</p>
          <p>
            维生素是婴幼儿正常发育和生命活动所必需的物质,多数不能在人体内合成,要靠食物供给。根据溶解性,维生素可分为脂溶性维生素(维生素A、维生素D、维生素E、维生素K)和水溶性维生素(B族维生素、维生素C)。脂溶性维生素排泄较慢,缺乏症状出现较迟,易蓄积发生中毒;水溶性维生素排泄迅速,需每日供给,缺乏后会很快出现症状。婴幼儿容易缺乏的维生素有以下5种(见表2-5-3)。
          </p>
          <p class="img">表2-5-3 婴幼儿容易缺乏的维生素</p>
          <p class="center">
            <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0209-2.jpg" />
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d163">(二)营养素的需求</h4>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e121">1.宏量营养素</h5>
        <p>
          蛋白质、脂类和碳水化合物这三类营养素,人体需求量大,在膳食中所占比重大,被称为宏量营养素(见表2-5-2)。
        </p>
        <p class="img">表2-5-2 婴幼儿对宏量营养素的需求</p>
        <p class="center">
          <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0209-1.jpg" />
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e122">2.微量营养素</h5>
        <p>
          人体对维生素和矿物质的需求相对较少,维生素和矿物质在膳食中所占比重较小,被称为微量营养素。
        </p>
        <p>(1)维生素</p>
        <p>
          维生素是婴幼儿正常发育和生命活动所必需的物质,多数不能在人体内合成,要靠食物供给。根据溶解性,维生素可分为脂溶性维生素(维生素A、维生素D、维生素E、维生素K)和水溶性维生素(B族维生素、维生素C)。脂溶性维生素排泄较慢,缺乏症状出现较迟,易蓄积发生中毒;水溶性维生素排泄迅速,需每日供给,缺乏后会很快出现症状。婴幼儿容易缺乏的维生素有以下5种(见表2-5-3)。
        </p>
        <p class="img">表2-5-3 婴幼儿容易缺乏的维生素</p>
        <p class="center">
          <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0209-2.jpg" />
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <!-- 上下表格拆分 -->
    <div class="page-box" page="194">
      <!-- 奇数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">专题五·进餐活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">2-47</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(194) > -1">
        <!-- 奇数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">专题五·进餐活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">2-47</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>(2)矿物质</p>
          <p>
            无机盐在人体内含量极少,但不可缺少,能够调节生理机能。婴幼儿容易缺乏的主要有宏量元素钙和微量元素铁、锌、碘(见表2-5-4)。
          </p>
          <p class="img">表2-5-4 婴幼儿容易缺乏的矿物质</p>
          <p class="center">
            <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0210-2.jpg" />
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e123">3.水</h5>
          <p>
            水是人体含量最多的成分,具有参与构成机体、促进体内物质代谢、调节体温和润滑等作用。水摄入少,会导致水和电解质代谢混乱,使尿液浓缩,各种代谢废物不易排出,易诱发泌尿系统感染;摄入过多,可引起急性水中毒。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e124">4.膳食纤维</h5>
          <p>
            人类肠道不能消化吸收膳食纤维。膳食纤维常以原形排出,具有促进肠胃蠕动和控制体重的作用。婴幼儿摄入过多,易产生胃肠胀气;摄入过少,易引起便秘。有丰富膳食纤维的食物是谷物、豆类、蔬菜和水果。
          </p>
          <h3 id="c069">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">二</span>  不同年龄段婴幼儿的膳食要求 </span>
          </h3>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d164">(一)0~1岁婴儿的膳食要求</h4>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e125">1.母乳是最理想的食物</h5>
          <p>
            母乳能满足六月龄内婴儿所需的液体量、能量和营养素,应坚持纯母乳喂养6个月,婴儿配方奶是不能进行纯母乳喂养时的选择。
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>(2)矿物质</p>
        <p>
          无机盐在人体内含量极少,但不可缺少,能够调节生理机能。婴幼儿容易缺乏的主要有宏量元素钙和微量元素铁、锌、碘(见表2-5-4)。
        </p>
        <p class="img">表2-5-4 婴幼儿容易缺乏的矿物质</p>
        <p class="center">
          <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0210-2.jpg" />
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e123">3.水</h5>
        <p>
          水是人体含量最多的成分,具有参与构成机体、促进体内物质代谢、调节体温和润滑等作用。水摄入少,会导致水和电解质代谢混乱,使尿液浓缩,各种代谢废物不易排出,易诱发泌尿系统感染;摄入过多,可引起急性水中毒。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e124">4.膳食纤维</h5>
        <p>
          人类肠道不能消化吸收膳食纤维。膳食纤维常以原形排出,具有促进肠胃蠕动和控制体重的作用。婴幼儿摄入过多,易产生胃肠胀气;摄入过少,易引起便秘。有丰富膳食纤维的食物是谷物、豆类、蔬菜和水果。
        </p>
        <h3 id="c069">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">二</span
            >  不同年龄段婴幼儿的膳食要求 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d164">(一)0~1岁婴儿的膳食要求</h4>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e125">1.母乳是最理想的食物</h5>
        <p>
          母乳能满足六月龄内婴儿所需的液体量、能量和营养素,应坚持纯母乳喂养6个月,婴儿配方奶是不能进行纯母乳喂养时的选择。
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="195">
      <!-- 偶数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">2-48</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(195) > -1">
        <!-- 偶数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">2-48</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e126">2.合理添加辅食</h5>
          <p>
            婴儿满6个月龄起应及时添加辅食。从富含铁的泥糊状辅食开始添加,婴儿的食物应单独制作,无糖、无盐、无调味品、忌油腻,食物性状与婴儿发育水平相符。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d165">(二)1~2岁幼儿的膳食要求</h4>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e127">1.均衡饮食</h5>
          <p>
            幼儿的膳食应合理搭配,保证食物种类多样化,口感好、易消化。每餐应包含3种以上食物,保证动物性食物、蔬菜水果、乳类的摄入。限制给予果汁的量,以免影响其他营养丰富食物的摄入。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e128">2.合理烹调</h5>
          <p>
            1~2岁幼儿的食物应是少盐、少糖、少刺激的淡口味食物,最好为自制食物,应单独制作。幼儿食品烹调最重要的原则是将食物煮熟、煮透,同时尽量保持食物中的营养成分和原有口味,烹调方式宜多采用蒸、煮,不用煎、炸。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d166">(三)2~3岁幼儿的膳食要求</h4>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e129">1.平衡膳食</h5>
          <p>
            每日应保证不同种类谷薯类、肉蛋禽鱼、蔬菜水果、乳类的供应,比例适当。保育员在备餐时应注意主辅食结合、荤素搭配、干湿配合、粗细粮交替、食物多样,切忌食品单调、无变化。应为幼儿选择健康有营养的零食,如水果、蛋类、乳制品等。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e130">2.清淡饮食</h5>
          <p>
            2~3岁幼儿可与成人共同进食普通食物,但应是质地软、清淡的,建议多采用蒸、煮、炖、煨等方式烹调,少放调料、少用油炸。在食物的制作上应多样化,注意食物的色、香、味,尽可能使食物的形态富有童趣。
          </p>
          <h3 id="c070">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">三</span>  不同年龄段婴幼儿的喂养原则 </span>
          </h3>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d167">(一)0~6月龄的喂养原则</h4>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e131">1.坚持第一口是母乳</h5>
          <p>
            分娩后尽早(产后30分钟)开始让婴儿反复吸吮乳头,婴儿出生后的第一口食物应该是母乳,出生后体重下降量只要不超过出生时体重的7%就应坚持纯母乳喂养,婴儿吸吮前不需要过分为乳头消毒,用温水擦拭即可。
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e126">2.合理添加辅食</h5>
        <p>
          婴儿满6个月龄起应及时添加辅食。从富含铁的泥糊状辅食开始添加,婴儿的食物应单独制作,无糖、无盐、无调味品、忌油腻,食物性状与婴儿发育水平相符。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d165">(二)1~2岁幼儿的膳食要求</h4>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e127">1.均衡饮食</h5>
        <p>
          幼儿的膳食应合理搭配,保证食物种类多样化,口感好、易消化。每餐应包含3种以上食物,保证动物性食物、蔬菜水果、乳类的摄入。限制给予果汁的量,以免影响其他营养丰富食物的摄入。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e128">2.合理烹调</h5>
        <p>
          1~2岁幼儿的食物应是少盐、少糖、少刺激的淡口味食物,最好为自制食物,应单独制作。幼儿食品烹调最重要的原则是将食物煮熟、煮透,同时尽量保持食物中的营养成分和原有口味,烹调方式宜多采用蒸、煮,不用煎、炸。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d166">(三)2~3岁幼儿的膳食要求</h4>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e129">1.平衡膳食</h5>
        <p>
          每日应保证不同种类谷薯类、肉蛋禽鱼、蔬菜水果、乳类的供应,比例适当。保育员在备餐时应注意主辅食结合、荤素搭配、干湿配合、粗细粮交替、食物多样,切忌食品单调、无变化。应为幼儿选择健康有营养的零食,如水果、蛋类、乳制品等。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e130">2.清淡饮食</h5>
        <p>
          2~3岁幼儿可与成人共同进食普通食物,但应是质地软、清淡的,建议多采用蒸、煮、炖、煨等方式烹调,少放调料、少用油炸。在食物的制作上应多样化,注意食物的色、香、味,尽可能使食物的形态富有童趣。
        </p>
        <h3 id="c070">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">三</span
            >  不同年龄段婴幼儿的喂养原则 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d167">(一)0~6月龄的喂养原则</h4>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e131">1.坚持第一口是母乳</h5>
        <p>
          分娩后尽早(产后30分钟)开始让婴儿反复吸吮乳头,婴儿出生后的第一口食物应该是母乳,出生后体重下降量只要不超过出生时体重的7%就应坚持纯母乳喂养,婴儿吸吮前不需要过分为乳头消毒,用温水擦拭即可。
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="196">
      <!-- 奇数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">专题五·进餐活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">2-49</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(196) > -1">
        <!-- 奇数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">专题五·进餐活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">2-49</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e132">2.按需喂养</h5>
          <p>
            3月龄的婴儿要按需喂养。母亲要用两侧乳房交替喂养,每天喂奶6~8次或更多;坚持让婴儿直接吸吮母乳,尽可能不使用奶瓶间接喂哺人工挤出的母乳。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e133">3.坚持6月龄内纯母乳喂养</h5>
          <p>
            母乳喂养不仅能提供婴儿生长发育所需的物质,还能提高免疫力以预防过敏性疾病的发生。另外,母乳喂养也有利于加强母子间的感情。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e134">4.配方奶是不能纯母乳喂养时的选择</h5>
          <p>
            由于种种原因,不能用纯母乳喂养婴儿时,建议首选婴幼儿配方奶粉,不宜直接用普通液态奶、成人奶粉、蛋白粉等喂养婴儿。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d168">(二)7~12月龄的喂养原则</h4>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e135">1.奶类优先,继续母乳喂养</h5>
          <p>
            母乳是婴儿的首选食品,建议6~12月龄的婴儿继续母乳喂养,对于不能用母乳喂养的6~12月龄婴儿,也建议选择用较大婴幼儿配方奶粉喂哺。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e136">2.及时添加辅食</h5>
          <p>
            添加辅食遵循由一种到多种、由少量到多量、由稀到稠、由细到粗的原则,循序渐进,逐步达到食物多样化。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e137">3.尝试多种多样的食物</h5>
          <p>
            应根据婴儿的需要,增加食物品种和数量,调整进餐次数,可逐渐增加到每天三餐(不包括奶类进餐次数)。保持食物原味,不需要额外加糖、盐及各种调味品。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e138">4.逐渐让婴儿自己进食</h5>
          <p>
            可以用小勺给婴儿喂食物,对于7~8月龄的婴儿,应允许他们自己用手握或抓食物吃,到10~12月龄时应鼓励并协助婴儿自己用勺进食,培养进餐兴趣。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e139">5.注意饮食卫生</h5>
          <p>
            膳食制作环境和进餐环境要卫生,给婴儿的辅食应是现做的,剩下的食物不宜存放,要弃掉。
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e132">2.按需喂养</h5>
        <p>
          3月龄的婴儿要按需喂养。母亲要用两侧乳房交替喂养,每天喂奶6~8次或更多;坚持让婴儿直接吸吮母乳,尽可能不使用奶瓶间接喂哺人工挤出的母乳。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e133">3.坚持6月龄内纯母乳喂养</h5>
        <p>
          母乳喂养不仅能提供婴儿生长发育所需的物质,还能提高免疫力以预防过敏性疾病的发生。另外,母乳喂养也有利于加强母子间的感情。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e134">4.配方奶是不能纯母乳喂养时的选择</h5>
        <p>
          由于种种原因,不能用纯母乳喂养婴儿时,建议首选婴幼儿配方奶粉,不宜直接用普通液态奶、成人奶粉、蛋白粉等喂养婴儿。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d168">(二)7~12月龄的喂养原则</h4>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e135">1.奶类优先,继续母乳喂养</h5>
        <p>
          母乳是婴儿的首选食品,建议6~12月龄的婴儿继续母乳喂养,对于不能用母乳喂养的6~12月龄婴儿,也建议选择用较大婴幼儿配方奶粉喂哺。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e136">2.及时添加辅食</h5>
        <p>
          添加辅食遵循由一种到多种、由少量到多量、由稀到稠、由细到粗的原则,循序渐进,逐步达到食物多样化。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e137">3.尝试多种多样的食物</h5>
        <p>
          应根据婴儿的需要,增加食物品种和数量,调整进餐次数,可逐渐增加到每天三餐(不包括奶类进餐次数)。保持食物原味,不需要额外加糖、盐及各种调味品。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e138">4.逐渐让婴儿自己进食</h5>
        <p>
          可以用小勺给婴儿喂食物,对于7~8月龄的婴儿,应允许他们自己用手握或抓食物吃,到10~12月龄时应鼓励并协助婴儿自己用勺进食,培养进餐兴趣。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e139">5.注意饮食卫生</h5>
        <p>
          膳食制作环境和进餐环境要卫生,给婴儿的辅食应是现做的,剩下的食物不宜存放,要弃掉。
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="197">
      <!-- 偶数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">2-50</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(197) > -1">
        <!-- 偶数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">2-50</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d169">(三)13~24月龄的喂养原则</h4>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e140">1.顺应喂养</h5>
          <p>
            1~2岁的幼儿常常出现食量波动,饮食习惯多变,不易预测,保育员应及时感知幼儿发出的饥饿或饱足的信号,充分尊重幼儿的进食意愿,耐心鼓励,但绝不强迫喂养。同时,尊重幼儿对食物的选择权,允许幼儿在准备好的食物中先挑选自己喜爱的食物,对幼儿不接受的食物应变化搭配,反复提供并鼓励幼儿尝试。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e141">2.注重进食习惯</h5>
          <p>
            保育员应为幼儿营造良好进餐环境,固定就餐时间与地点,保证进餐环境安静、愉悦,避免电视、玩具等干扰幼儿的注意力,避免追逐喂养。同时,应对食物和进食保持中立态度,不能以食物和进食作为惩罚和奖励。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e142">3.鼓励自主进食</h5>
          <p>
            幼儿要反复尝试和练习才能学会自主进食。13月龄的幼儿愿意尝试抓握小勺自己吃,但会撒很多;18月龄时可用小勺自己吃,仍会撒一部分;24月龄时能用小勺自主进食且撒得较少。保育员应给予充分的鼓励,并保持耐心,培养幼儿自主进食。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d170">(四)24月龄以上的喂养原则</h4>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e143">1.强化良好的饮食行为习惯</h5>
          <p>
            保育员需进一步强化幼儿良好的饮食行为习惯,固定就餐时间与地点,引导幼儿进餐时细嚼慢咽但不拖延,在自主用勺进餐的基础上练习用筷子,进一步提高自主进食能力。同时,注意培养幼儿餐前用肥皂、流动水清洗双手,以及餐后漱口或饮白开水去除口腔内食物残渣等良好的饮食行为习惯。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e144">2.提高对食物的认识和喜爱程度</h5>
          <p>
            保育员应鼓励幼儿参与食物选购及膳食制备过程,可带幼儿去市场选购食品,辨识应季蔬果,尝试自主选购喜欢的食物;让幼儿观看膳食备制过程,参与一些力所能及的加工活动,如择菜;参与植物的种植活动,观察植物的生长过程,并亲自动手采摘蔬菜,享受劳动成果,提高对食物的认识和喜爱程度。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e145">3.合理安排零食</h5>
          <p>
            保育员应为幼儿提供水果、乳制品等营养丰富的食物,给予零食的数量和时机以不影响幼儿吃主餐的食欲为宜;还应控制纯能量类零食的食用量,如糖果、果冻等含糖量高的零食。
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d169">(三)13~24月龄的喂养原则</h4>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e140">1.顺应喂养</h5>
        <p>
          1~2岁的幼儿常常出现食量波动,饮食习惯多变,不易预测,保育员应及时感知幼儿发出的饥饿或饱足的信号,充分尊重幼儿的进食意愿,耐心鼓励,但绝不强迫喂养。同时,尊重幼儿对食物的选择权,允许幼儿在准备好的食物中先挑选自己喜爱的食物,对幼儿不接受的食物应变化搭配,反复提供并鼓励幼儿尝试。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e141">2.注重进食习惯</h5>
        <p>
          保育员应为幼儿营造良好进餐环境,固定就餐时间与地点,保证进餐环境安静、愉悦,避免电视、玩具等干扰幼儿的注意力,避免追逐喂养。同时,应对食物和进食保持中立态度,不能以食物和进食作为惩罚和奖励。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e142">3.鼓励自主进食</h5>
        <p>
          幼儿要反复尝试和练习才能学会自主进食。13月龄的幼儿愿意尝试抓握小勺自己吃,但会撒很多;18月龄时可用小勺自己吃,仍会撒一部分;24月龄时能用小勺自主进食且撒得较少。保育员应给予充分的鼓励,并保持耐心,培养幼儿自主进食。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d170">(四)24月龄以上的喂养原则</h4>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e143">1.强化良好的饮食行为习惯</h5>
        <p>
          保育员需进一步强化幼儿良好的饮食行为习惯,固定就餐时间与地点,引导幼儿进餐时细嚼慢咽但不拖延,在自主用勺进餐的基础上练习用筷子,进一步提高自主进食能力。同时,注意培养幼儿餐前用肥皂、流动水清洗双手,以及餐后漱口或饮白开水去除口腔内食物残渣等良好的饮食行为习惯。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e144">2.提高对食物的认识和喜爱程度</h5>
        <p>
          保育员应鼓励幼儿参与食物选购及膳食制备过程,可带幼儿去市场选购食品,辨识应季蔬果,尝试自主选购喜欢的食物;让幼儿观看膳食备制过程,参与一些力所能及的加工活动,如择菜;参与植物的种植活动,观察植物的生长过程,并亲自动手采摘蔬菜,享受劳动成果,提高对食物的认识和喜爱程度。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e145">3.合理安排零食</h5>
        <p>
          保育员应为幼儿提供水果、乳制品等营养丰富的食物,给予零食的数量和时机以不影响幼儿吃主餐的食欲为宜;还应控制纯能量类零食的食用量,如糖果、果冻等含糖量高的零食。
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="198">
      <!-- 奇数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">专题五·进餐活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">2-51</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(198) > -1">
        <!-- 奇数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">专题五·进餐活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">2-51</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h3 id="c071">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">四</span>  提高婴幼儿的食欲 </span>
          </h3>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d171">(一)影响婴幼儿食欲的因素</h4>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e146">1.进餐环境</h5>
          <p>
            干净、温暖、明亮、舒适、美观、安静、餐具清洁且摆放整齐的环境,有助于婴幼儿产生食欲。相反,肮脏、寒冷、昏暗、拥挤、嘈杂、陌生的环境,会降低婴幼儿的食欲。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e147">2.进餐情绪</h5>
          <p>
            保育员平静和蔼的态度、周到细致的问候能稳定婴幼儿的进餐情绪,有利于婴幼儿产生旺盛的食欲。反之,消极的情绪和与进餐无关的大声说笑的行为会影响婴幼儿的进餐情绪,降低进餐食欲。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e148">3.身体状况</h5>
          <p>
            疾病常使婴幼儿的食欲明显下降。运动会消耗能量,促进胃肠的蠕动,有利于婴幼儿产生饥饿感;而不运动会使代谢速度减缓,容易使婴幼儿食欲不振。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e149">4.食物性状</h5>
          <p>
            单一的食物会使婴幼儿的食欲下降;种类丰富、形式多样、色香味俱全的食物,会使婴幼儿产生旺盛的食欲。而食物的种类和做法长期不变,也会使婴幼儿对美食的期望值降低,导致食欲下降。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d172">(二)提高婴幼儿食欲的方法</h4>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e150">1.提供多样化的食物</h5>
          <p>给婴幼儿提供的饮食应多样化、色香味俱全,以吸引婴幼儿进食。</p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e151">2.创设良好的进餐环境</h5>
          <p>
            餐室清洁、明亮,餐桌和餐椅高矮适中、清洁、位置固定。餐室没有闲杂的陌生人。餐具清洁、大小适中。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e152">3.保持愉快、平静的进餐情绪</h5>
          <p>
            保育员应保持餐室内安静或播放轻松的音乐,态度和蔼、亲切,周到地照护婴幼儿进餐,不转移婴幼儿进餐的注意力,不催促婴幼儿进餐,不批评婴幼儿,不利用进餐时间解决问题,不引起婴幼儿过度兴奋。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e153">4.引导主动进食</h5>
          <p>尽早教会婴幼儿自己动手吃饭,可以提高婴幼儿进餐的兴趣。</p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h3 id="c071">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">四</span>  提高婴幼儿的食欲 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d171">(一)影响婴幼儿食欲的因素</h4>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e146">1.进餐环境</h5>
        <p>
          干净、温暖、明亮、舒适、美观、安静、餐具清洁且摆放整齐的环境,有助于婴幼儿产生食欲。相反,肮脏、寒冷、昏暗、拥挤、嘈杂、陌生的环境,会降低婴幼儿的食欲。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e147">2.进餐情绪</h5>
        <p>
          保育员平静和蔼的态度、周到细致的问候能稳定婴幼儿的进餐情绪,有利于婴幼儿产生旺盛的食欲。反之,消极的情绪和与进餐无关的大声说笑的行为会影响婴幼儿的进餐情绪,降低进餐食欲。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e148">3.身体状况</h5>
        <p>
          疾病常使婴幼儿的食欲明显下降。运动会消耗能量,促进胃肠的蠕动,有利于婴幼儿产生饥饿感;而不运动会使代谢速度减缓,容易使婴幼儿食欲不振。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e149">4.食物性状</h5>
        <p>
          单一的食物会使婴幼儿的食欲下降;种类丰富、形式多样、色香味俱全的食物,会使婴幼儿产生旺盛的食欲。而食物的种类和做法长期不变,也会使婴幼儿对美食的期望值降低,导致食欲下降。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d172">(二)提高婴幼儿食欲的方法</h4>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e150">1.提供多样化的食物</h5>
        <p>给婴幼儿提供的饮食应多样化、色香味俱全,以吸引婴幼儿进食。</p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e151">2.创设良好的进餐环境</h5>
        <p>
          餐室清洁、明亮,餐桌和餐椅高矮适中、清洁、位置固定。餐室没有闲杂的陌生人。餐具清洁、大小适中。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e152">3.保持愉快、平静的进餐情绪</h5>
        <p>
          保育员应保持餐室内安静或播放轻松的音乐,态度和蔼、亲切,周到地照护婴幼儿进餐,不转移婴幼儿进餐的注意力,不催促婴幼儿进餐,不批评婴幼儿,不利用进餐时间解决问题,不引起婴幼儿过度兴奋。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e153">4.引导主动进食</h5>
        <p>尽早教会婴幼儿自己动手吃饭,可以提高婴幼儿进餐的兴趣。</p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="199">
      <!-- 偶数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">2-52</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(199) > -1">
        <!-- 偶数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">2-52</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h3 id="c072">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">五</span
            >  不同年龄段婴幼儿的一日饮食 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <div class="bk-zt1">
          <!-- <div class="bj1-zt1">
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h3 id="c072">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">五</span>  不同年龄段婴幼儿的一日饮食 </span>
          </h3>
          <div class="bk-zt1">
            <!-- <div class="bj1-zt1">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn-zt" alt="" src="../image/zt-sys.png" />
            </p>
@@ -438,304 +474,313 @@
          <p class="center">
            <img class="img-g" alt="" src="../image/0215-1.jpg" />
          </p> -->
          <!-- <p>《1~2岁幼儿一日食谱举例》。</p> -->
          <div class="tips-bk">
            <div class="bj-tip tip-specail">1~2岁幼儿一日食谱举例</div>
            <div class="tips-file">
              <table class="table111 table122">
                <thead>
                  <tr>
                    <th rowspan="2">时间</th>
                    <th colspan="2">1</th>
                    <th colspan="2">2</th>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <th>菜品名称</th>
                    <th>食物及数量</th>
                    <th>菜品名称</th>
                    <th>食物及数量</th>
                  </tr>
                </thead>
                <tbody>
                  <tr>
                    <th rowspan="3">早餐(7:00)</th>
                    <td>奶</td>
                    <td>配方奶200 mL</td>
                    <td rowspan="2">菠萝牛奶燕麦粥</td>
                    <td rowspan="2">菠萝25g、配方奶250 mL,燕麦40 g</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td>米糕</td>
                    <td>1个(大米20 g)</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td>煮鸡蛋</td>
                    <td>1个,25 g</td>
                    <td>煮鸡蛋</td>
            <!-- <p>《1~2岁幼儿一日食谱举例》。</p> -->
            <div class="tips-bk">
              <div class="bj-tip tip-specail">1~2岁幼儿一日食谱举例</div>
              <div class="tips-file">
                <table class="table111 table122">
                  <thead>
                    <tr>
                      <th rowspan="2">时间</th>
                      <th colspan="2">1</th>
                      <th colspan="2">2</th>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                      <th>菜品名称</th>
                      <th>食物及数量</th>
                      <th>菜品名称</th>
                      <th>食物及数量</th>
                    </tr>
                  </thead>
                  <tbody>
                    <tr>
                      <th rowspan="3">早餐(7:00)</th>
                      <td>奶</td>
                      <td>配方奶200 mL</td>
                      <td rowspan="2">菠萝牛奶燕麦粥</td>
                      <td rowspan="2">菠萝25g、配方奶250 mL,燕麦40 g</td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                      <td>米糕</td>
                      <td>1个(大米20 g)</td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                      <td>煮鸡蛋</td>
                      <td>1个,25 g</td>
                      <td>煮鸡蛋</td>
                    <td>1个,25 g</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <th>早点 (10:00)</th>
                    <td>水果</td>
                    <td>苹果75 g</td>
                    <td>水果</td>
                    <td>猕猴桃50 g2</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <th>中餐 (12:00)</th>
                    <td>菜肉面</td>
                    <td>面粉 60 g、肉 25 g、大白菜75 g、食用油5 g、盐少许</td>
                    <td>什锦鱼片粥</td>
                    <td>
                      大米50 g、草鱼肉 30 g、嫩豆腐25 g、香菇75 g、香菜2 g、葱花2 g、食用油5 g、盐少许
                    </td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <th rowspan="2">午点 (15:00)</th>
                    <td>牛奶赤豆汤</td>
                    <td>配方奶100 mL、赤豆20 g、糖5 g</td>
                    <td>芋头牛奶</td>
                    <td>芋头 30 g、配方奶100mL、糖5 g</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td>水果</td>
                    <td>香蕉50 g</td>
                    <td>水果</td>
                    <td>苹果 50 g</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <th rowspan="2">晚餐 (18:00)</th>
                    <td>花卷</td>
                    <td>1个,面粉25 g、葱花2 g、植物油2 g</td>
                    <td>番薯粥</td>
                    <td>大米40 g、番薯20 g</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td>鲑鱼菠菜粥</td>
                    <td>
                      大米30 g、鲑鱼25 g、菠菜 50 g、胡萝卜25 g、麻油3 g、盐少许
                    </td>
                    <td>肉片炒白菜</td>
                    <td>肉25 g、小白菜50 g、植物油5 g、盐少许</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <th>睡前 (21:00)</th>
                    <td>奶</td>
                    <td>配方奶 200 mL</td>
                    <td>奶</td>
                    <td>配方奶 200 mL</td>
                  </tr>
                </tbody>
              </table>
                      <td>1个,25 g</td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                      <th>早点 (10:00)</th>
                      <td>水果</td>
                      <td>苹果75 g</td>
                      <td>水果</td>
                      <td>猕猴桃50 g2</td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                      <th>中餐 (12:00)</th>
                      <td>菜肉面</td>
                      <td>面粉 60 g、肉 25 g、大白菜75 g、食用油5 g、盐少许</td>
                      <td>什锦鱼片粥</td>
                      <td>
                        大米50 g、草鱼肉 30 g、嫩豆腐25 g、香菇75 g、香菜2 g、葱花2 g、食用油5 g、盐少许
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                      <th rowspan="2">午点 (15:00)</th>
                      <td>牛奶赤豆汤</td>
                      <td>配方奶100 mL、赤豆20 g、糖5 g</td>
                      <td>芋头牛奶</td>
                      <td>芋头 30 g、配方奶100mL、糖5 g</td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                      <td>水果</td>
                      <td>香蕉50 g</td>
                      <td>水果</td>
                      <td>苹果 50 g</td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                      <th rowspan="2">晚餐 (18:00)</th>
                      <td>花卷</td>
                      <td>1个,面粉25 g、葱花2 g、植物油2 g</td>
                      <td>番薯粥</td>
                      <td>大米40 g、番薯20 g</td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                      <td>鲑鱼菠菜粥</td>
                      <td>
                        大米30 g、鲑鱼25 g、菠菜 50 g、胡萝卜25 g、麻油3 g、盐少许
                      </td>
                      <td>肉片炒白菜</td>
                      <td>肉25 g、小白菜50 g、植物油5 g、盐少许</td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                      <th>睡前 (21:00)</th>
                      <td>奶</td>
                      <td>配方奶 200 mL</td>
                      <td>奶</td>
                      <td>配方奶 200 mL</td>
                    </tr>
                  </tbody>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="tips-bk">
              <div class="bj-tip tip-specail">2~3岁幼儿一日食谱举例</div>
              <div class="tips-file">
                <table class="table111 table122">
                  <thead>
                    <tr>
                      <th rowspan="2">时间</th>
                      <th colspan="2">1</th>
                      <th colspan="2">2</th>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                      <th style="width: 60px">菜品名称</th>
                      <th>食物及数量</th>
                      <th>菜品名称</th>
                      <th>食物及数量</th>
                    </tr>
                  </thead>
                  <tbody>
                    <tr>
                      <th rowspan="2">早餐(7:00)</th>
                      <td>枣泥赤豆粥</td>
                      <td>大米30 g、赤豆20 g、红枣10 g、白糖5 g</td>
                      <td>奶 </td>
                      <td>牛奶或配方奶250 mL</td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                      <td>蛋糕</td>
                      <td>面粉25 g、鸡蛋25 g</td>
                      <td>米糕</td>
                      <td>1 个(大米30 g、糖5 g)</td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                      <th>早点 (10:00)</th>
                      <td>雪花水果羹</td>
                      <td>香蕉100 g、奶酪20 g、淀粉5 g、植物油2 g</td>
                      <td>小笼包</td>
                      <td>面粉 30 g、猪肉 20 g、盐少许</td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                      <th rowspan="2">中餐 (12:00)</th>
                      <td>猪肝芥菜面</td>
                      <td>面粉60 g、猪肝20 g、芥菜100 g、植物油5 g、盐少许</td>
                      <td>软米饭</td>
                      <td>大米50 g</td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                      <td>蒸鲜带鱼</td>
                      <td>带鱼30 g、葱花2 g、植物油2 g、盐少许</td>
                      <td>牡蛎滑蛋鸭血豆腐羹</td>
                      <td>
                        牡蛎25 g、鸡蛋25 g、鸭血20 g、豆腐20 g、黄瓜30 g、胡萝卜50 g、植物油7 g
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                      <th rowspan="2">午点 (15:00)</th>
                      <td>奶</td>
                      <td>牛奶 250 mL</td>
                      <td>奶</td>
                      <td>酸奶100 mL</td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                      <td>水果</td>
                      <td>猕猴桃 50 g</td>
                      <td>水果</td>
                      <td>草莓 100 g</td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                      <th rowspan="2">晚餐 (18:00)</th>
                      <td>软米饭</td>
                      <td>大米40 g</td>
                      <td rowspan="2">鱼菜面</td>
                      <td rowspan="2">
                        面粉40 g、马鲛鱼肉 30 g、小白菜40 g、番茄30 g、植物油5 g、盐少许
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                      <td>鸡蓉蔬菜羹</td>
                      <td>
                        鸡胸肉 30 g、胡萝卜50 g、油白菜50 g、植物油5 g、盐少许
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                      <th>睡前 (21:00)</th>
                      <td>奶</td>
                      <td>配方奶 200 mL</td>
                      <td>奶</td>
                      <td>配方奶 200 mL</td>
                    </tr>
                  </tbody>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
          <div class="tips-bk">
            <div class="bj-tip tip-specail">2~3岁幼儿一日食谱举例</div>
            <div class="tips-file">
              <table class="table111 table122">
                <thead>
                  <tr>
                    <th rowspan="2">时间</th>
                    <th colspan="2">1</th>
                    <th colspan="2">2</th>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <th style="width: 60px">菜品名称</th>
                    <th>食物及数量</th>
                    <th>菜品名称</th>
                    <th>食物及数量</th>
                  </tr>
                </thead>
                <tbody>
                  <tr>
                    <th rowspan="2">早餐(7:00)</th>
                    <td>枣泥赤豆粥</td>
                    <td>大米30 g、赤豆20 g、红枣10 g、白糖5 g</td>
                    <td>奶 </td>
                    <td>牛奶或配方奶250 mL</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td>蛋糕</td>
                    <td>面粉25 g、鸡蛋25 g</td>
                    <td>米糕</td>
                    <td>1 个(大米30 g、糖5 g)</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <th>早点 (10:00)</th>
                    <td>雪花水果羹</td>
                    <td>香蕉100 g、奶酪20 g、淀粉5 g、植物油2 g</td>
                    <td>小笼包</td>
                    <td>面粉 30 g、猪肉 20 g、盐少许</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <th rowspan="2">中餐 (12:00)</th>
                    <td>猪肝芥菜面</td>
                    <td>面粉60 g、猪肝20 g、芥菜100 g、植物油5 g、盐少许</td>
                    <td>软米饭</td>
                    <td>大米50 g</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td>蒸鲜带鱼</td>
                    <td>带鱼30 g、葱花2 g、植物油2 g、盐少许</td>
                    <td>牡蛎滑蛋鸭血豆腐羹</td>
                    <td>
                      牡蛎25 g、鸡蛋25 g、鸭血20 g、豆腐20 g、黄瓜30 g、胡萝卜50 g、植物油7 g
                    </td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <th rowspan="2">午点 (15:00)</th>
                    <td>奶</td>
                    <td>牛奶 250 mL</td>
                    <td>奶</td>
                    <td>酸奶100 mL</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td>水果</td>
                    <td>猕猴桃 50 g</td>
                    <td>水果</td>
                    <td>草莓 100 g</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <th rowspan="2">晚餐 (18:00)</th>
                    <td>软米饭</td>
                    <td>大米40 g</td>
                    <td rowspan="2">鱼菜面</td>
                    <td rowspan="2">
                      面粉40 g、马鲛鱼肉 30 g、小白菜40 g、番茄30 g、植物油5 g、盐少许
                    </td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td>鸡蓉蔬菜羹</td>
                    <td>
                      鸡胸肉 30 g、胡萝卜50 g、油白菜50 g、植物油5 g、盐少许
                    </td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <th>睡前 (21:00)</th>
                    <td>奶</td>
                    <td>配方奶 200 mL</td>
                    <td>奶</td>
                    <td>配方奶 200 mL</td>
                  </tr>
                </tbody>
              </table>
            </div>
          </div>
          <p><br /></p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d173">(一)0~1岁婴儿的一日饮食安排</h4>
          <p>
            婴儿早期要按需哺乳,3~4月龄后逐渐定时哺乳和进食,一般每天可喂奶6~8次或更多,不要强求喂奶次数和时间。满6月龄时尝试添加辅食。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d174">(二)1~2岁幼儿的一日饮食安排</h4>
          <p>
            1~2岁幼儿每日进餐次数一般为5~6次,包括正餐及辅餐。在早、中、晚安排的正餐应营养均衡。在早、午餐之间及午、晚餐之间可安排1~2次乳类喂养,提供水果或营养点心,并在晚餐后安排1次乳类喂养。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d175">(三)2~3岁幼儿的一日饮食安排</h4>
          <p>
            2~3岁幼儿每日进餐次数一般为4~5次,应在早、中、晚安排3次正餐,幼儿可与成人共同进餐。在早、午餐之间可安排1~2次加餐,加餐以奶类、水果为主,配以少量松软的面点。
          </p>
          <p>不同月龄婴幼儿一日饮食安排具体如下(见表2-5-5)。</p>
          <p class="img">表2-5-5 不同月龄婴幼儿一日饮食安排表</p>
          <p class="center">
            <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0215-2.jpg" />
          </p>
        </div>
        <p><br /></p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d173">(一)0~1岁婴儿的一日饮食安排</h4>
        <p>
          婴儿早期要按需哺乳,3~4月龄后逐渐定时哺乳和进食,一般每天可喂奶6~8次或更多,不要强求喂奶次数和时间。满6月龄时尝试添加辅食。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d174">(二)1~2岁幼儿的一日饮食安排</h4>
        <p>
          1~2岁幼儿每日进餐次数一般为5~6次,包括正餐及辅餐。在早、中、晚安排的正餐应营养均衡。在早、午餐之间及午、晚餐之间可安排1~2次乳类喂养,提供水果或营养点心,并在晚餐后安排1次乳类喂养。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d175">(三)2~3岁幼儿的一日饮食安排</h4>
        <p>
          2~3岁幼儿每日进餐次数一般为4~5次,应在早、中、晚安排3次正餐,幼儿可与成人共同进餐。在早、午餐之间可安排1~2次加餐,加餐以奶类、水果为主,配以少量松软的面点。
        </p>
        <p>不同月龄婴幼儿一日饮食安排具体如下(见表2-5-5)。</p>
        <p class="img">表2-5-5 不同月龄婴幼儿一日饮食安排表</p>
        <p class="center">
          <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0215-2.jpg" />
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="200">
      <!-- 奇数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">专题五·进餐活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">2-53</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(200) > -1">
        <!-- 奇数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">专题五·进餐活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">2-53</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h3 id="c073">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">六</span>  为婴幼儿配制食物 </span>
          </h3>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d176">(一)配方奶粉的配制</h4>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e154">1.做好准备工作</h5>
          <p>①先洗净双手,给奶瓶消毒,在干净的桌面上进行操作。</p>
          <p>②检查配方奶粉适合的年龄、有效期、冲泡方法、奶粉质量。</p>
          <p>
            ③准备沸水,冷却到40℃~60℃(具体需参考配方奶粉说明书上注明的温度)。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e155">2.配方奶粉的配制流程</h5>
          <p>①将准确分量的温水倒入奶瓶。</p>
          <p>②用量匙盛取准确分量的奶粉加入奶瓶。</p>
          <p>③盖上锁紧环和奶嘴,充分摇晃奶瓶,使奶粉与水完全融合。</p>
          <p>世界卫生组织指定的配方奶粉配制流程见图2-5-1。</p>
          <p class="center">
            <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../image/0216-1.jpg" />
          </p>
          <p class="img">图2-5-1 配方奶粉的配制流程</p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e156">3.注意事项</h5>
          <p>①奶具要用沸水消毒。</p>
          <p>②冲泡要严格按照奶粉罐上的说明,不能自行增加奶粉量或冲泡水量。</p>
          <p>③摇晃奶瓶时不要太过用力,不要上下摇晃。</p>
          <p>④尽量随喝随冲,不要提前准备。</p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d177">(二)固体辅食的制作</h4>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e157">1.泥状辅食的制作</h5>
          <p>(1)谷物泥的制作</p>
          <p>
            ①米粉的冲调:参考调配说明将适量的水(母乳或配方奶)分次加入米粉内,再用汤匙拌匀形成米糊(见图2-5-2),可在米糊中加入水果泥、菜泥或其他泥糊状食物。
          </p>
          <p class="center">
            <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../image/0216-2.jpg" />
          </p>
          <p class="img">图2-5-2 米粉的冲调步骤</p>
          <p>
            ②稠粥的制作:洗净白米,用水浸泡1小时,加入适量的水大火煮滚(半杯米加入5杯水为稀粥,加入3杯半水为稠粥,加入2杯水为软饭),水沸后转中火慢煮至米“开花”,煮至适当的稀稠度即成。
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h3 id="c073">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">六</span>  为婴幼儿配制食物 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d176">(一)配方奶粉的配制</h4>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e154">1.做好准备工作</h5>
        <p>①先洗净双手,给奶瓶消毒,在干净的桌面上进行操作。</p>
        <p>②检查配方奶粉适合的年龄、有效期、冲泡方法、奶粉质量。</p>
        <p>
          ③准备沸水,冷却到40℃~60℃(具体需参考配方奶粉说明书上注明的温度)。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e155">2.配方奶粉的配制流程</h5>
        <p>①将准确分量的温水倒入奶瓶。</p>
        <p>②用量匙盛取准确分量的奶粉加入奶瓶。</p>
        <p>③盖上锁紧环和奶嘴,充分摇晃奶瓶,使奶粉与水完全融合。</p>
        <p>世界卫生组织指定的配方奶粉配制流程见图2-5-1。</p>
        <p class="center">
          <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../image/0216-1.jpg" />
        </p>
        <p class="img">图2-5-1 配方奶粉的配制流程</p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e156">3.注意事项</h5>
        <p>①奶具要用沸水消毒。</p>
        <p>②冲泡要严格按照奶粉罐上的说明,不能自行增加奶粉量或冲泡水量。</p>
        <p>③摇晃奶瓶时不要太过用力,不要上下摇晃。</p>
        <p>④尽量随喝随冲,不要提前准备。</p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d177">(二)固体辅食的制作</h4>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e157">1.泥状辅食的制作</h5>
        <p>(1)谷物泥的制作</p>
        <p>
          ①米粉的冲调:参考调配说明将适量的水(母乳或配方奶)分次加入米粉内,再用汤匙拌匀形成米糊(见图2-5-2),可在米糊中加入水果泥、菜泥或其他泥糊状食物。
        </p>
        <p class="center">
          <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../image/0216-2.jpg" />
        </p>
        <p class="img">图2-5-2 米粉的冲调步骤</p>
        <p>
          ②稠粥的制作:洗净白米,用水浸泡1小时,加入适量的水大火煮滚(半杯米加入5杯水为稀粥,加入3杯半水为稠粥,加入2杯水为软饭),水沸后转中火慢煮至米“开花”,煮至适当的稀稠度即成。
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="201">
      <!-- 偶数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">2-54</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(201) > -1">
        <!-- 偶数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">2-54</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>(2)蔬菜水果泥的制作</p>
        <p>
          ①根茎瓜泥:将根茎(土豆、胡萝卜、南瓜、冬瓜等)洗净,去皮后切成小块,煮烂或蒸熟,用汤匙压成泥,其间可加入适量温水、母乳或配方奶调至适当的稀稠度。
        </p>
        <p>
          ②菜泥:选择绿叶蔬菜,摘取嫩叶,放入沸水中焯熟,捞出切碎或捣烂成泥。
        </p>
        <p>
          ③水果泥:选择熟透、质软的水果,如香蕉、桃、苹果等,洗净、去皮、去核,再捣烂或用汤匙压成泥状。
        </p>
        <p>(3)肉泥的制作</p>
        <p>
          ①瘦肉泥:将瘦肉洗净,剁碎或用料理机粉碎成肉糜,加入适量的水煮烂或蒸熟,用汤匙压成泥状。
        </p>
        <p>
          ②鱼泥:将鱼洗净,蒸熟或煮熟,去皮、去刺,将留下的鱼肉用汤匙压成泥。
        </p>
        <div class="bk-zt1">
          <!-- <div class="bj1-zt1">
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>(2)蔬菜水果泥的制作</p>
          <p>
            ①根茎瓜泥:将根茎(土豆、胡萝卜、南瓜、冬瓜等)洗净,去皮后切成小块,煮烂或蒸熟,用汤匙压成泥,其间可加入适量温水、母乳或配方奶调至适当的稀稠度。
          </p>
          <p>
            ②菜泥:选择绿叶蔬菜,摘取嫩叶,放入沸水中焯熟,捞出切碎或捣烂成泥。
          </p>
          <p>
            ③水果泥:选择熟透、质软的水果,如香蕉、桃、苹果等,洗净、去皮、去核,再捣烂或用汤匙压成泥状。
          </p>
          <p>(3)肉泥的制作</p>
          <p>
            ①瘦肉泥:将瘦肉洗净,剁碎或用料理机粉碎成肉糜,加入适量的水煮烂或蒸熟,用汤匙压成泥状。
          </p>
          <p>
            ②鱼泥:将鱼洗净,蒸熟或煮熟,去皮、去刺,将留下的鱼肉用汤匙压成泥。
          </p>
          <div class="bk-zt1">
            <!-- <div class="bj1-zt1">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn-zt" alt="" src="../image/zt-sys.png" />
            </p>
@@ -743,963 +788,1025 @@
          <p class="center">
            <img class="img-g" alt="" src="../image/0217-1.jpg" />
          </p> -->
          <!-- <p>扫码看《0~3岁婴幼儿辅食的具体制作方法》。</p> -->
          <div class="tips-bk">
            <div class="bj-tip tip-specail">0~3岁婴幼儿辅食的具体制作方法</div>
            <div class="tips-file">
              <div class="p-text">
                <p>(一)7~12月龄辅食制作</p>
                <p>1.蔬菜泥的制作</p>
                <p>(1)南瓜泥</p>
                <p>①南瓜一小块(大约 100 g)蒸熟。</p>
                <p>②取出蒸熟的南瓜的瓜肉放在小碗里,用小勺压烂成泥。</p>
                <p>③取适量南瓜泥,加适量开水稀释,调匀。</p>
                <p>
                  (提示∶南瓜一定要蒸熟、蒸烂。南瓜是中医讲的“发物”,有病时不宜吃。)
                </p>
                <p>(2)土豆泥</p>
                <p>
                  ①选择新鲜没有发芽的土豆1个,去皮,切成小块。②蒸熟或者煮熟。③取出土豆,放入小碗,用勺压烂成泥。④喂食时,加少量水调匀即可。
                </p>
                <p>(3)绿叶菜泥(如青菜泥)</p>
                <p>
                  ①将新鲜青菜去老叶及菜根,在流动的自来水中洗净。②以两碗水、一碗菜的比例在锅内加入适量清水,煮沸。③水煮沸后加入菜叶,水开后再煮1~2 分钟。④取出菜叶、沥干水分。⑤制作青菜泥有两种方法:一种方法是用刀切去煮好的青菜梗后,放入粉碎机粉碎成菜泥即成;另一种方法是用铜丝网,手拿着煮好的菜梗在铜丝网上研磨,流到下面碗里的便是菜泥。⑥在油锅里加适量油,急火炒菜泥,菜泥可单独食用或加入粥里食用。
                </p>
                <p>2.水果泥的制作</p>
                <p>(1)香蕉泥</p>
                <p>
                  ①将香蕉洗净后,剥去外皮。②用干净的小刀挖取中间一段,放碗里,用勺压成泥即可食用。
                </p>
                <p>(2)苹果泥</p>
                <p>
                  ①取质地较为软的苹果一个,洗净切开。②用小勺在横剖面上刮取果肉,越细越好。
                </p>
                <p>3.肉泥的制作</p>
                <p>(1)鱼泥</p>
                <p>
                  ①选择新鲜的河鱼或海鱼,去鳞、去内脏,洗净。②加葱、姜后蒸约10 分钟(以 50 g鱼1分钟计算蒸的时间),待鱼肉翻白、肉刺脱离即表示鱼已熟。③小心地将所有鱼刺挑出,取出鱼肉(不要鱼皮),用勺压成泥即可食用。
                </p>
                <p>(2)禽肉泥</p>
                <p>
                  ①将鸡(鸭)胸脯肉剁碎,加生粉拌匀。②加少量植物油在油锅里,将肉末放入煸炒后,加少量水焖煮5分钟即可。③可添加在菜粥或烂面条中。
                </p>
                <p>(3)猪肉末</p>
                <p>
                  ①生炒法:将新鲜猪肉剁碎成末,加少量植物油在油锅里,将肉末放入煸炒;再加少量水,焖煮5 分钟即成。
                </p>
                <p>
                  ②熟制法:将整块瘦猪肉加葱、姜煮烂取出,用消毒过的刀和砧板剁烂成末即成。可多做一些存放在冰箱中冷冻备用。
                </p>
                <p>(4)猪肝泥</p>
                <p>
                  ①生刮清炒法:先将新鲜猪肝洗净,放在砧板上,然后用刀将猪肝横向切开,在切开的肝脏表面用刀背轻轻地刮,刮下的泥状物就是肝泥。起油锅,将肝泥放入清炒,加入葱、姜去腥,烧熟煮透后,加入少量食盐即成。将做好的猪肝泥或与碎菜混合成菜,或混入粥、面中同食。
                </p>
                <p>
                  ②生刮清蒸法:按上述方法刮出肝泥,将肝泥放入碗中,加适量生粉拌匀,覆上葱段和姜片,隔水蒸10~15 分钟。蒸熟的肝泥可以与蔬菜泥(胡萝卜泥、青菜泥、土豆泥)以1∶1 的比例混合,并在油锅里煸炒后食用。
                </p>
                <p>
                  ③熟剁法:先将猪肝洗净,置锅中煮熟,去掉筋、皮,然后在砧板上将煮熟的猪肝剁成泥状。再起油锅,放入肝泥清炒,或加水煮沸,加少量食盐即成肝泥。食法同上。
                </p>
                <p>(二)1~2岁辅食制作</p>
                <p>1.萝卜饭</p>
                <p>(1)原料</p>
                <p>胡萝卜、瘦肉、大米、香菇、青菜、姜。</p>
                <p>(2)制作方法</p>
                <p>
                  ①将胡萝卜、瘦肉、香菇切成丁,备用。②起锅,放瘦肉、胡萝卜丁快炒,放生姜丝、香菇一起炒。③加水,放淘好的大米,放点儿盐,放入青菜,盖好锅盖和平时一样煮熟(最好用铁锅)。④盛出前加点蒜叶。
                </p>
                <p>2.胡萝卜青菜饭卷</p>
                <p>(1)原料</p>
                <p>
                  青菜1棵、米饭1小碗、胡萝卜1/3根、洋葱1/4个、肉末50 g、鸡蛋1个、紫菜2~3片。
                </p>
                <p>(2)制作方法</p>
                <p>
                  ①将所有材料清洗干净,将青菜、胡萝卜、洋葱和肉切成末备用。②将鸡蛋打成蛋液,将锅烧热,倒入,下入洋葱翻炒,然后倒入肉末翻炒,加入胡萝卜翻炒,加入米饭翻炒,加入鸡蛋翻炒,最后加入切碎的青菜末翻炒,撒点盐,炒匀出锅。③将寿司帘铺在案板上,在寿司帘上铺上一层保鲜膜,在保鲜膜上铺上一层紫菜,在紫菜上均匀地铺上青菜蛋炒饭,然后卷起来,收口朝下放,切段即可食用。
                </p>
                <p>(3)注意事项</p>
                <p>
                  青菜要切细;炒饭要略凉后再放到紫菜上去包;可不用紫菜卷,直接盛在碗里吃青菜蛋炒饭。
                </p>
                <p>3.翠竹幻彩鱼米粒</p>
                <p>(1)原料</p>
                <p>
                  彩椒、黄瓜、熟玉米粒、葱、红鲷鱼(大型超市有冻的、去刺的鱼片)。
                </p>
                <p>(2)制作方法</p>
                <p>
                  ①将鱼肉切条后再切成小丁,用盐、油、淀粉、少许酱油、姜片腌制一小时,增香去腥,更软嫩。②将黄瓜切段后改刀,在中间用勺子挖洞,做成装幻彩鱼米粒的小容器。③锅中放油,五香粉、葱花爆香,然后放入切好的鱼肉,炒至变色后放入彩椒丁和玉米粒,出锅时再少放点盐、蚝油和香油调味。④用小勺子将幻彩鱼米粒放入黄瓜容器中,用刀将切下的黄瓜切成竹叶状,摆好翠竹的造型。
                </p>
                <p>(3)注意事项</p>
                <p>红鲷鱼要买现成的没有刺的鱼片。</p>
                <p>4.土豆“地雷”</p>
                <p>(1)原料</p>
                <p>
                  大米200克、香菇100克、猪肉馅100克、圣女果1颗、奶酪1片、海苔1片、食盐适量、酱油适量。
                </p>
            <!-- <p>扫码看《0~3岁婴幼儿辅食的具体制作方法》。</p> -->
            <div class="tips-bk">
              <div class="bj-tip tip-specail">0~3岁婴幼儿辅食的具体制作方法</div>
              <div class="tips-file">
                <div class="p-text">
                  <p>(一)7~12月龄辅食制作</p>
                  <p>1.蔬菜泥的制作</p>
                  <p>(1)南瓜泥</p>
                  <p>①南瓜一小块(大约 100 g)蒸熟。</p>
                  <p>②取出蒸熟的南瓜的瓜肉放在小碗里,用小勺压烂成泥。</p>
                  <p>③取适量南瓜泥,加适量开水稀释,调匀。</p>
                  <p>
                    (提示∶南瓜一定要蒸熟、蒸烂。南瓜是中医讲的“发物”,有病时不宜吃。)
                  </p>
                  <p>(2)土豆泥</p>
                  <p>
                    ①选择新鲜没有发芽的土豆1个,去皮,切成小块。②蒸熟或者煮熟。③取出土豆,放入小碗,用勺压烂成泥。④喂食时,加少量水调匀即可。
                  </p>
                  <p>(3)绿叶菜泥(如青菜泥)</p>
                  <p>
                    ①将新鲜青菜去老叶及菜根,在流动的自来水中洗净。②以两碗水、一碗菜的比例在锅内加入适量清水,煮沸。③水煮沸后加入菜叶,水开后再煮1~2 分钟。④取出菜叶、沥干水分。⑤制作青菜泥有两种方法:一种方法是用刀切去煮好的青菜梗后,放入粉碎机粉碎成菜泥即成;另一种方法是用铜丝网,手拿着煮好的菜梗在铜丝网上研磨,流到下面碗里的便是菜泥。⑥在油锅里加适量油,急火炒菜泥,菜泥可单独食用或加入粥里食用。
                  </p>
                  <p>2.水果泥的制作</p>
                  <p>(1)香蕉泥</p>
                  <p>
                    ①将香蕉洗净后,剥去外皮。②用干净的小刀挖取中间一段,放碗里,用勺压成泥即可食用。
                  </p>
                  <p>(2)苹果泥</p>
                  <p>
                    ①取质地较为软的苹果一个,洗净切开。②用小勺在横剖面上刮取果肉,越细越好。
                  </p>
                  <p>3.肉泥的制作</p>
                  <p>(1)鱼泥</p>
                  <p>
                    ①选择新鲜的河鱼或海鱼,去鳞、去内脏,洗净。②加葱、姜后蒸约10 分钟(以 50 g鱼1分钟计算蒸的时间),待鱼肉翻白、肉刺脱离即表示鱼已熟。③小心地将所有鱼刺挑出,取出鱼肉(不要鱼皮),用勺压成泥即可食用。
                  </p>
                  <p>(2)禽肉泥</p>
                  <p>
                    ①将鸡(鸭)胸脯肉剁碎,加生粉拌匀。②加少量植物油在油锅里,将肉末放入煸炒后,加少量水焖煮5分钟即可。③可添加在菜粥或烂面条中。
                  </p>
                  <p>(3)猪肉末</p>
                  <p>
                    ①生炒法:将新鲜猪肉剁碎成末,加少量植物油在油锅里,将肉末放入煸炒;再加少量水,焖煮5 分钟即成。
                  </p>
                  <p>
                    ②熟制法:将整块瘦猪肉加葱、姜煮烂取出,用消毒过的刀和砧板剁烂成末即成。可多做一些存放在冰箱中冷冻备用。
                  </p>
                  <p>(4)猪肝泥</p>
                  <p>
                    ①生刮清炒法:先将新鲜猪肝洗净,放在砧板上,然后用刀将猪肝横向切开,在切开的肝脏表面用刀背轻轻地刮,刮下的泥状物就是肝泥。起油锅,将肝泥放入清炒,加入葱、姜去腥,烧熟煮透后,加入少量食盐即成。将做好的猪肝泥或与碎菜混合成菜,或混入粥、面中同食。
                  </p>
                  <p>
                    ②生刮清蒸法:按上述方法刮出肝泥,将肝泥放入碗中,加适量生粉拌匀,覆上葱段和姜片,隔水蒸10~15 分钟。蒸熟的肝泥可以与蔬菜泥(胡萝卜泥、青菜泥、土豆泥)以1∶1 的比例混合,并在油锅里煸炒后食用。
                  </p>
                  <p>
                    ③熟剁法:先将猪肝洗净,置锅中煮熟,去掉筋、皮,然后在砧板上将煮熟的猪肝剁成泥状。再起油锅,放入肝泥清炒,或加水煮沸,加少量食盐即成肝泥。食法同上。
                  </p>
                  <p>(二)1~2岁辅食制作</p>
                  <p>1.萝卜饭</p>
                  <p>(1)原料</p>
                  <p>胡萝卜、瘦肉、大米、香菇、青菜、姜。</p>
                  <p>(2)制作方法</p>
                  <p>
                    ①将胡萝卜、瘦肉、香菇切成丁,备用。②起锅,放瘦肉、胡萝卜丁快炒,放生姜丝、香菇一起炒。③加水,放淘好的大米,放点儿盐,放入青菜,盖好锅盖和平时一样煮熟(最好用铁锅)。④盛出前加点蒜叶。
                  </p>
                  <p>2.胡萝卜青菜饭卷</p>
                  <p>(1)原料</p>
                  <p>
                    青菜1棵、米饭1小碗、胡萝卜1/3根、洋葱1/4个、肉末50 g、鸡蛋1个、紫菜2~3片。
                  </p>
                  <p>(2)制作方法</p>
                  <p>
                    ①将所有材料清洗干净,将青菜、胡萝卜、洋葱和肉切成末备用。②将鸡蛋打成蛋液,将锅烧热,倒入,下入洋葱翻炒,然后倒入肉末翻炒,加入胡萝卜翻炒,加入米饭翻炒,加入鸡蛋翻炒,最后加入切碎的青菜末翻炒,撒点盐,炒匀出锅。③将寿司帘铺在案板上,在寿司帘上铺上一层保鲜膜,在保鲜膜上铺上一层紫菜,在紫菜上均匀地铺上青菜蛋炒饭,然后卷起来,收口朝下放,切段即可食用。
                  </p>
                  <p>(3)注意事项</p>
                  <p>
                    青菜要切细;炒饭要略凉后再放到紫菜上去包;可不用紫菜卷,直接盛在碗里吃青菜蛋炒饭。
                  </p>
                  <p>3.翠竹幻彩鱼米粒</p>
                  <p>(1)原料</p>
                  <p>
                    彩椒、黄瓜、熟玉米粒、葱、红鲷鱼(大型超市有冻的、去刺的鱼片)。
                  </p>
                  <p>(2)制作方法</p>
                  <p>
                    ①将鱼肉切条后再切成小丁,用盐、油、淀粉、少许酱油、姜片腌制一小时,增香去腥,更软嫩。②将黄瓜切段后改刀,在中间用勺子挖洞,做成装幻彩鱼米粒的小容器。③锅中放油,五香粉、葱花爆香,然后放入切好的鱼肉,炒至变色后放入彩椒丁和玉米粒,出锅时再少放点盐、蚝油和香油调味。④用小勺子将幻彩鱼米粒放入黄瓜容器中,用刀将切下的黄瓜切成竹叶状,摆好翠竹的造型。
                  </p>
                  <p>(3)注意事项</p>
                  <p>红鲷鱼要买现成的没有刺的鱼片。</p>
                  <p>4.土豆“地雷”</p>
                  <p>(1)原料</p>
                  <p>
                    大米200克、香菇100克、猪肉馅100克、圣女果1颗、奶酪1片、海苔1片、食盐适量、酱油适量。
                  </p>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e158">2.颗粒状辅食的制作</h5>
          <p>(1)准备制作的材料及器具</p>
          <p>新鲜的食物原料,消毒的蒸锅、碗、勺子、剪刀、刀。</p>
          <p>(2)操作步骤</p>
          <p>①把新鲜的叶菜类蔬菜去茎、洗净,把新鲜的根茎类蔬菜去皮、洗净。</p>
          <p>
            ②把择好、洗干净的叶菜类蔬菜用沸水焯2~3分钟;把洗净的切成块状的瓜果类及根茎类蔬菜上锅蒸熟。
          </p>
          <p>
            ③焯熟的叶菜类蔬菜可用剪刀处理,煮熟的瓜果、根茎类蔬菜可用勺子处理,分别制作成适合婴幼儿食用的碎末或碎块状的食物。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d178">(三)保持食物适宜的温度</h4>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e159">1.夏季食物的降温</h5>
          <p>
            饭菜过热,可以将饭菜端至电风扇附近,不时地搅一搅汤,加快散热、降温。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e160">2.冬季食物的保温</h5>
          <p>
            在保证食物烧熟煮透、保质保量的前提下,尽量缩短食物烧制好至食用的时间,以及饭、菜、汤的分装、运送时间。应给盛饭、菜、汤的容器加盖,汤用双层保温桶盛装(见图2-5-3)。
          </p>
          <p class="center">
            <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../image/0217-2.jpg" />
          </p>
          <p class="img">图2-5-3 食物加盖保温</p>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="202">
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(202) > -1">
        <!-- 奇数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">专题五·进餐活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">2-55</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h3 id="c074">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">七</span>  为婴幼儿选择合适的餐具 </span>
          </h3>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d179">(一)各类餐具的特点</h4>
          <p>各类婴幼儿餐具的特点见表2-5-6。</p>
          <p class="img">表2-5-6 各类餐具的特点</p>
          <p class="center">
            <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0218-1.jpg" />
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d180">(二)勺子的选择</h4>
          <p>
            选择勺子时要考虑形状、大小、材质等。适合婴幼儿的勺子应大小适中,勺头大小为婴幼儿嘴大小的1/3~2/3,勺柄要短而粗,易抓握。可选择无毒塑料、硅胶、原木、不锈钢勺子,不建议使用陶瓷勺子。适合不同月龄婴幼儿的勺子如表2-5-7所示。
          </p>
          <p class="img">表2-5-7 不同月龄婴幼儿使用的勺子</p>
          <p class="center">
            <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0218-2.jpg" />
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d181">(三)碗、盘的选择</h4>
          <p>
            选择碗、盘时,要考虑选择结实、易拿、方便清洁和消毒的。底部凸出的碗比较容易拿握,碗的大小以适合婴幼儿双手拿起来为宜。材质方面,可
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="203">
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(203) > -1">
        <!-- 偶数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">2-56</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e158">2.颗粒状辅食的制作</h5>
        <p>(1)准备制作的材料及器具</p>
        <p>新鲜的食物原料,消毒的蒸锅、碗、勺子、剪刀、刀。</p>
        <p>(2)操作步骤</p>
        <p>①把新鲜的叶菜类蔬菜去茎、洗净,把新鲜的根茎类蔬菜去皮、洗净。</p>
        <p>
          ②把择好、洗干净的叶菜类蔬菜用沸水焯2~3分钟;把洗净的切成块状的瓜果类及根茎类蔬菜上锅蒸熟。
        </p>
        <p>
          ③焯熟的叶菜类蔬菜可用剪刀处理,煮熟的瓜果、根茎类蔬菜可用勺子处理,分别制作成适合婴幼儿食用的碎末或碎块状的食物。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d178">(三)保持食物适宜的温度</h4>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e159">1.夏季食物的降温</h5>
        <p>
          饭菜过热,可以将饭菜端至电风扇附近,不时地搅一搅汤,加快散热、降温。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e160">2.冬季食物的保温</h5>
        <p>
          在保证食物烧熟煮透、保质保量的前提下,尽量缩短食物烧制好至食用的时间,以及饭、菜、汤的分装、运送时间。应给盛饭、菜、汤的容器加盖,汤用双层保温桶盛装(见图2-5-3)。
        </p>
        <p class="center">
          <img class="img-b" alt="" src="../image/0217-2.jpg" />
        </p>
        <p class="img">图2-5-3 食物加盖保温</p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="202">
      <!-- 奇数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">专题五·进餐活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">2-55</span>
            </div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>
            选择塑料、陶瓷、不锈钢的,托育机构以选择不锈钢碗更为适宜(见表2-5-8)。此外,婴幼儿使用碗的厚度需相对厚一些,既可避免烫伤,也相对保温。
          </p>
          <p class="img">表2-5-8 不同月龄婴幼儿使用的碗、盘</p>
          <p class="center">
            <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0219-1.jpg" />
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d182">(四)不适合婴幼儿的餐具</h4>
          <p>
            ①内部有彩色装饰的餐具:此类餐具有含铅的隐患,盛醋、果汁、蔬菜时,会使重金属溶出,长时间使用易造成慢性铅中毒。
          </p>
          <p>
            ②容易破碎的餐具:此类餐具不仅造成浪费,最重要的是会破坏婴幼儿自主进食的积极性。
          </p>
          <p>
            ③大人的餐具:此类餐具会增加婴幼儿学习用餐的难度;此外,大人的餐具易使婴幼儿感染一些传染性疾病,不利于健康。
          </p>
          <h3 id="c075">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">八</span>  为婴幼儿分发餐具与食物 </span>
          </h3>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d183">(一)分发餐具与食物的流程</h4>
          <p>分发餐具与食物的流程如下(见图2-5-4)。</p>
          <p>①根据当天出勤情况确定餐具与食物量并领取。</p>
          <p>②分发者分发前需洗净双手。</p>
          <p>
            ③分发餐具。将碗对准椅子中间的桌面,放在距离桌边一横拳的位置;将盘子置于碗的正前方;将勺子放在盘子上,留出放菜的空间。
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h3 id="c074">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">七</span>  为婴幼儿选择合适的餐具 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d179">(一)各类餐具的特点</h4>
        <p>各类婴幼儿餐具的特点见表2-5-6。</p>
        <p class="img">表2-5-6 各类餐具的特点</p>
        <p class="center">
          <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0218-1.jpg" />
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d180">(二)勺子的选择</h4>
        <p>
          选择勺子时要考虑形状、大小、材质等。适合婴幼儿的勺子应大小适中,勺头大小为婴幼儿嘴大小的1/3~2/3,勺柄要短而粗,易抓握。可选择无毒塑料、硅胶、原木、不锈钢勺子,不建议使用陶瓷勺子。适合不同月龄婴幼儿的勺子如表2-5-7所示。
        </p>
        <p class="img">表2-5-7 不同月龄婴幼儿使用的勺子</p>
        <p class="center">
          <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0218-2.jpg" />
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d181">(三)碗、盘的选择</h4>
        <p>
          选择碗、盘时,要考虑选择结实、易拿、方便清洁和消毒的。底部凸出的碗比较容易拿握,碗的大小以适合婴幼儿双手拿起来为宜。材质方面,可
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="203">
      <!-- 偶数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">2-56</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>
          选择塑料、陶瓷、不锈钢的,托育机构以选择不锈钢碗更为适宜(见表2-5-8)。此外,婴幼儿使用碗的厚度需相对厚一些,既可避免烫伤,也相对保温。
        </p>
        <p class="img">表2-5-8 不同月龄婴幼儿使用的碗、盘</p>
        <p class="center">
          <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0219-1.jpg" />
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d182">(四)不适合婴幼儿的餐具</h4>
        <p>
          ①内部有彩色装饰的餐具:此类餐具有含铅的隐患,盛醋、果汁、蔬菜时,会使重金属溶出,长时间使用易造成慢性铅中毒。
        </p>
        <p>
          ②容易破碎的餐具:此类餐具不仅造成浪费,最重要的是会破坏婴幼儿自主进食的积极性。
        </p>
        <p>
          ③大人的餐具:此类餐具会增加婴幼儿学习用餐的难度;此外,大人的餐具易使婴幼儿感染一些传染性疾病,不利于健康。
        </p>
        <h3 id="c075">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">八</span>  为婴幼儿分发餐具与食物 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d183">(一)分发餐具与食物的流程</h4>
        <p>分发餐具与食物的流程如下(见图2-5-4)。</p>
        <p>①根据当天出勤情况确定餐具与食物量并领取。</p>
        <p>②分发者分发前需洗净双手。</p>
        <p>
          ③分发餐具。将碗对准椅子中间的桌面,放在距离桌边一横拳的位置;将盘子置于碗的正前方;将勺子放在盘子上,留出放菜的空间。
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="204">
      <!-- 奇数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">专题五·进餐活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">2-57</span>
            </div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>
          ④分发食物。分发食物的顺序为蔬菜—荤菜—饭—汤,饭用勺盛,使用夹子分菜,按左汤右菜的顺序放置。
        </p>
        <p class="center">
          <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0220-1.jpg" />
        </p>
        <p class="img">图2-5-4 分发餐具与食物的流程</p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d184">(二)注意事项</h4>
        <p>①分餐需要动作快、量均匀。</p>
        <p>②需要做好防尘工作。</p>
        <p>③在操作过程中避免手接触碗口或食物。</p>
        <p>④杜绝将汤和菜盛到同一个碗里。</p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d185">(三)小窍门</h4>
        <p>
          ①分碗(盘)前可以将所有碗(盘)倒扣摆放或平放,取碗(盘)时方便五指捏碗(盘)底;分勺子时,需要捏勺柄末端处。
        </p>
        <p>
          ②分发饭菜前,可以用手肘内侧轻触容器外侧,感知食物的温度是否适宜,若过高,可以用勺子轻轻搅动食物,待温度适宜时再分发。
        </p>
        <p>
          ③添加饭菜时,若幼儿的进餐速度正常且食物快没有了,可及时添加适量饭菜;若幼儿进食速度减慢,又想要添加,可减量添加。
        </p>
        <h3 id="c076">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">九</span>  进行餐前教育 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d186">(一)引导婴幼儿关注进餐</h4>
        <p>
          保育员可利用玩游戏、讲故事、唱歌、谈话等形式,使婴幼儿对进餐产生兴趣。例如,饭菜端出后,让婴幼儿闻一闻、看一看,判断饭菜;用猜谜的方式让婴幼儿猜出饭菜名称;还可通过讲故事引导婴幼儿对食物产生想象。
        </p>
        <p><br /></p>
        <div class="bk-zt1">
          <!-- <div class="bj1-zt1">
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(204) > -1">
        <!-- 奇数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">专题五·进餐活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">2-57</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>
            ④分发食物。分发食物的顺序为蔬菜—荤菜—饭—汤,饭用勺盛,使用夹子分菜,按左汤右菜的顺序放置。
          </p>
          <p class="center">
            <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0220-1.jpg" />
          </p>
          <p class="img">图2-5-4 分发餐具与食物的流程</p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d184">(二)注意事项</h4>
          <p>①分餐需要动作快、量均匀。</p>
          <p>②需要做好防尘工作。</p>
          <p>③在操作过程中避免手接触碗口或食物。</p>
          <p>④杜绝将汤和菜盛到同一个碗里。</p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d185">(三)小窍门</h4>
          <p>
            ①分碗(盘)前可以将所有碗(盘)倒扣摆放或平放,取碗(盘)时方便五指捏碗(盘)底;分勺子时,需要捏勺柄末端处。
          </p>
          <p>
            ②分发饭菜前,可以用手肘内侧轻触容器外侧,感知食物的温度是否适宜,若过高,可以用勺子轻轻搅动食物,待温度适宜时再分发。
          </p>
          <p>
            ③添加饭菜时,若幼儿的进餐速度正常且食物快没有了,可及时添加适量饭菜;若幼儿进食速度减慢,又想要添加,可减量添加。
          </p>
          <h3 id="c076">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">九</span>  进行餐前教育 </span>
          </h3>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d186">(一)引导婴幼儿关注进餐</h4>
          <p>
            保育员可利用玩游戏、讲故事、唱歌、谈话等形式,使婴幼儿对进餐产生兴趣。例如,饭菜端出后,让婴幼儿闻一闻、看一看,判断饭菜;用猜谜的方式让婴幼儿猜出饭菜名称;还可通过讲故事引导婴幼儿对食物产生想象。
          </p>
          <p><br /></p>
          <div class="bk-zt1">
            <!-- <div class="bj1-zt1">
            <p class="left">
              <img class="img-gn-zt" alt="" src="../image/zt-sys.png" />
            </p>
          </div> -->
          <!-- <p class="center">
            <!-- <p class="center">
            <img class="img-g" alt="" src="../image/0220-2.jpg" />
          </p>
          <p>扫码看《餐前教育素材》。</p> -->
          <div class="tips-bk">
            <div class="bj-tip tip-specail">餐前教育素材</div>
            <div class="tips-file">
              <div class="p-text">
                <p>(一)餐前故事</p>
                <p>1.《母鸡下蛋</p>
                <p>
                  有个阿姨养着一只母鸡,母鸡每天下一个蛋。她以为多给鸡喂些大麦,就会每天下两个蛋。于是,她就每天这样喂,结果母鸡长得越来越肥,每天连一个蛋也下不了。
                </p>
                <p>2.《茄子妹妹》</p>
                <p>
                  茄子妹妹这几天愁眉苦脸的,不跟小朋友说话了。她怎么了?白菜姐姐关心地问:“调皮的小茄子你不舒服吗?怎么了?告诉姐姐,或许我能帮得到你呢!”茄子妹妹一听就要哭出来了:“我长得多难看呀!这皮肤又黑又紫的,丑死了。唉!”“哈哈哈,”白菜姐姐忍不住笑起来,“可爱的小茄子,你营养丰富,托育园的小朋友都喜欢你。你的身材还这么苗条,紫色的裙子富有诗情画意。多美呀!怎么会说自己丑呢?”“真的吗?”茄子妹妹瞪大了眼睛。“当然,不信你照照镜子,镜子里的你多可爱呀!”“嗯,还真的呢!”小茄子扭扭身子,不好意思地笑了。 每个人都有自己的长处,我们要善于发现它们,让自己充满自信。
                </p>
                <p>3.《小河马吃饭》</p>
                <p>
                  每天吃饭时,小河马就围好饭兜兜,等着妈妈来喂饭。小青蛙看见了,就笑话小河马:“呱呱呱,小河马,难为情,吃饭还要妈妈喂。”小河马听了,头一歪,嘴一噘:“就要妈妈喂。”有一天早晨,妈妈把饭做好了,有事要出门,就让小河马自己吃。可小河马就等妈妈回来喂他,太阳老高了,妈妈还没回来,小河马饿得直哭。
                </p>
                <p>
                  小青蛙只好来帮忙,可它的个子太小了,小河马的嘴巴又大,喂了半天才喂了一口,累极了。小河马不停地大哭:“妈妈快回来呀,喂我吃饭呀!”小青蛙着急地说:“小河马你的手呢,你快自己吃饭呀!”小河马听了小青蛙的话,拿起了勺子,一口一口地把饭全吃完了。小青蛙高兴地说:“小河马真能干。”妈妈回来了,看到小河马吃饱了饭,和小青蛙一起玩得那么开心,妈妈也高兴地笑了。
                </p>
                <p>4.《运动会》</p>
                <p>
                  宝宝的肚子里要举办一场运动会,邀请大家参加。米饭先生要参加拔河比赛,要先运米到宝宝的肚子里。米饭先生的对手豆子军团的数量太少啦,拔不过米饭先生了,再运些豆子到宝宝的肚子里。哎呀,运动场的草皮还没铺,还要吃些青菜把运动场铺好才行。小鱼要参加游泳比赛,可是它躺在盘子里好着急,要让小鱼进去哦,游泳池的水不够了,宝宝还要喝些汤才可以让小鱼游泳。
                </p>
                <p>5.《挑食的小佳佳》</p>
                <p>
                  有个小朋友,叫小佳佳(名字可以改成孩子的小名,让孩子有代入感),她什么都好,就是爱挑食……有一天上午,妈妈炒了白菜。小佳佳看到了,嘟起了小嘴说:“白菜没味道,我不吃!”小白兔见到了,开心地说:“你不吃,我吃!”它蹦蹦跳跳地跑过来,三口两口就把白菜吃光啦!这一天,妈妈还煮了鱼,小佳佳看到了,又嘟起了小嘴说:“鱼有刺,我不吃!”小花猫看到了,开心地说:“你不吃,我吃!”它一跳一跳地跳上了桌子,啊呜啊呜把鱼吃光啦!这样,小白兔、小花猫都吃得饱饱的,它们长得又高又壮,可漂亮啦!只有小佳佳长得又瘦又小。
                </p>
                <p>(二)餐前儿歌</p>
                <p>儿歌1:《吃饭歌》</p>
                <p>
                  小饭碗,扶扶好,小调羹,拿拿牢。一口一口自己吃,一口饭、一口菜。
                </p>
                <p>儿歌2:《样样东西都要吃》</p>
                <p>
                  白米饭,我要吃。红烧肉,我要吃。绿蔬菜,我要吃,样样东西都要吃。
                </p>
                <p>儿歌3:《吃饭不要喂》</p>
                <p>娃娃比我小,吃饭要人喂,我比娃娃大,吃饭不要喂。</p>
                <p>儿歌4:《吃饭喽》</p>
                <p>
                  吃饭喽,吃饭喽,大家吃饭喽。一大口,一大口,饭菜吃完了,你高喽,我高喽,大家长高喽!儿歌5:《进餐》
                </p>
                <p>
                  小餐桌,已摆好,大家搬椅坐桌旁,一口饭,一口菜,不撒不掉全吃光。
                </p>
                <p>儿歌6:《宝宝吃早餐》</p>
                <p>小宝宝吃早餐,椅子小手都放好。吃早餐,身体好。</p>
                <p>儿歌7:《宝宝乖,宝宝乖》</p>
                <p>
                  宝宝喜欢吃青菜。绿菠菜,脆黄瓜,胡萝卜,嫩白菜。多吃青菜长得快。
                </p>
                <p>儿歌8:《大苹果》</p>
                <p>
                  我是一个大苹果,小朋友们都爱我。请你先去洗洗手,要是手脏别碰我。
                </p>
                <p>(三)谜语</p>
                <p>
                  谜语1:身体瘦又长,有绿又有黄,浑身都是刺,吃着脆又香。(谜底:黄瓜。)
                </p>
                <p>
                  谜语2:小伞一把把,长在树下面,不能当伞用,做菜吃得香。(谜底:蘑菇。)
                </p>
            <div class="tips-bk">
              <div class="bj-tip tip-specail">餐前教育素材</div>
              <div class="tips-file">
                <div class="p-text">
                  <p>(一)餐前故事</p>
                  <p>1.《母鸡下蛋</p>
                  <p>
                    有个阿姨养着一只母鸡,母鸡每天下一个蛋。她以为多给鸡喂些大麦,就会每天下两个蛋。于是,她就每天这样喂,结果母鸡长得越来越肥,每天连一个蛋也下不了。
                  </p>
                  <p>2.《茄子妹妹》</p>
                  <p>
                    茄子妹妹这几天愁眉苦脸的,不跟小朋友说话了。她怎么了?白菜姐姐关心地问:“调皮的小茄子你不舒服吗?怎么了?告诉姐姐,或许我能帮得到你呢!”茄子妹妹一听就要哭出来了:“我长得多难看呀!这皮肤又黑又紫的,丑死了。唉!”“哈哈哈,”白菜姐姐忍不住笑起来,“可爱的小茄子,你营养丰富,托育园的小朋友都喜欢你。你的身材还这么苗条,紫色的裙子富有诗情画意。多美呀!怎么会说自己丑呢?”“真的吗?”茄子妹妹瞪大了眼睛。“当然,不信你照照镜子,镜子里的你多可爱呀!”“嗯,还真的呢!”小茄子扭扭身子,不好意思地笑了。 每个人都有自己的长处,我们要善于发现它们,让自己充满自信。
                  </p>
                  <p>3.《小河马吃饭》</p>
                  <p>
                    每天吃饭时,小河马就围好饭兜兜,等着妈妈来喂饭。小青蛙看见了,就笑话小河马:“呱呱呱,小河马,难为情,吃饭还要妈妈喂。”小河马听了,头一歪,嘴一噘:“就要妈妈喂。”有一天早晨,妈妈把饭做好了,有事要出门,就让小河马自己吃。可小河马就等妈妈回来喂他,太阳老高了,妈妈还没回来,小河马饿得直哭。
                  </p>
                  <p>
                    小青蛙只好来帮忙,可它的个子太小了,小河马的嘴巴又大,喂了半天才喂了一口,累极了。小河马不停地大哭:“妈妈快回来呀,喂我吃饭呀!”小青蛙着急地说:“小河马你的手呢,你快自己吃饭呀!”小河马听了小青蛙的话,拿起了勺子,一口一口地把饭全吃完了。小青蛙高兴地说:“小河马真能干。”妈妈回来了,看到小河马吃饱了饭,和小青蛙一起玩得那么开心,妈妈也高兴地笑了。
                  </p>
                  <p>4.《运动会》</p>
                  <p>
                    宝宝的肚子里要举办一场运动会,邀请大家参加。米饭先生要参加拔河比赛,要先运米到宝宝的肚子里。米饭先生的对手豆子军团的数量太少啦,拔不过米饭先生了,再运些豆子到宝宝的肚子里。哎呀,运动场的草皮还没铺,还要吃些青菜把运动场铺好才行。小鱼要参加游泳比赛,可是它躺在盘子里好着急,要让小鱼进去哦,游泳池的水不够了,宝宝还要喝些汤才可以让小鱼游泳。
                  </p>
                  <p>5.《挑食的小佳佳》</p>
                  <p>
                    有个小朋友,叫小佳佳(名字可以改成孩子的小名,让孩子有代入感),她什么都好,就是爱挑食……有一天上午,妈妈炒了白菜。小佳佳看到了,嘟起了小嘴说:“白菜没味道,我不吃!”小白兔见到了,开心地说:“你不吃,我吃!”它蹦蹦跳跳地跑过来,三口两口就把白菜吃光啦!这一天,妈妈还煮了鱼,小佳佳看到了,又嘟起了小嘴说:“鱼有刺,我不吃!”小花猫看到了,开心地说:“你不吃,我吃!”它一跳一跳地跳上了桌子,啊呜啊呜把鱼吃光啦!这样,小白兔、小花猫都吃得饱饱的,它们长得又高又壮,可漂亮啦!只有小佳佳长得又瘦又小。
                  </p>
                  <p>(二)餐前儿歌</p>
                  <p>儿歌1:《吃饭歌》</p>
                  <p>
                    小饭碗,扶扶好,小调羹,拿拿牢。一口一口自己吃,一口饭、一口菜。
                  </p>
                  <p>儿歌2:《样样东西都要吃》</p>
                  <p>
                    白米饭,我要吃。红烧肉,我要吃。绿蔬菜,我要吃,样样东西都要吃。
                  </p>
                  <p>儿歌3:《吃饭不要喂》</p>
                  <p>娃娃比我小,吃饭要人喂,我比娃娃大,吃饭不要喂。</p>
                  <p>儿歌4:《吃饭喽》</p>
                  <p>
                    吃饭喽,吃饭喽,大家吃饭喽。一大口,一大口,饭菜吃完了,你高喽,我高喽,大家长高喽!儿歌5:《进餐》
                  </p>
                  <p>
                    小餐桌,已摆好,大家搬椅坐桌旁,一口饭,一口菜,不撒不掉全吃光。
                  </p>
                  <p>儿歌6:《宝宝吃早餐》</p>
                  <p>小宝宝吃早餐,椅子小手都放好。吃早餐,身体好。</p>
                  <p>儿歌7:《宝宝乖,宝宝乖》</p>
                  <p>
                    宝宝喜欢吃青菜。绿菠菜,脆黄瓜,胡萝卜,嫩白菜。多吃青菜长得快。
                  </p>
                  <p>儿歌8:《大苹果》</p>
                  <p>
                    我是一个大苹果,小朋友们都爱我。请你先去洗洗手,要是手脏别碰我。
                  </p>
                  <p>(三)谜语</p>
                  <p>
                    谜语1:身体瘦又长,有绿又有黄,浑身都是刺,吃着脆又香。(谜底:黄瓜。)
                  </p>
                  <p>
                    谜语2:小伞一把把,长在树下面,不能当伞用,做菜吃得香。(谜底:蘑菇。)
                  </p>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d187">(二)介绍饭菜</h4>
          <p>
            保育员应使用富有感情色彩的语言向婴幼儿介绍饭菜的名称、内容及营养成分。生动地介绍饭菜,能起到刺激感官、激发食欲的作用。常用介绍指导语如下(见表2-5-9)。
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="205">
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(205) > -1">
        <!-- 偶数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">2-58</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d187">(二)介绍饭菜</h4>
        <p>
          保育员应使用富有感情色彩的语言向婴幼儿介绍饭菜的名称、内容及营养成分。生动地介绍饭菜,能起到刺激感官、激发食欲的作用。常用介绍指导语如下(见表2-5-9)。
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="205">
      <!-- 偶数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">2-58</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
            </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p class="img">表2-5-9 常用介绍饭菜指导用语</p>
          <p class="center">
            <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0221-1.jpg" />
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d188">(三)提示进餐常规</h4>
          <p>
            保育员应使用恰当的语言提示婴幼儿进餐常规,并以温和、平静、商量、随时准备帮忙的语气和行为,指导婴幼儿进餐。
          </p>
          <div class="bk-ztgs">
            <p class="bj1-ztgs">⊙ 进餐常规要求 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">1.会正确取放餐具。</p>
            <p class="block">
              2.将勺放在碗里,一只手的拇指压勺,双手端碗回座位。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              3.正确的进餐姿势:身体坐直,双脚平放在椅子前,胸紧贴桌子,一手扶碗,另一手拿勺。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              4.安静专心进餐,保持桌面、地面的清洁,掉落残渣要捡起。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              5.细嚼慢咽,坚持把碗里的饭菜吃完,逐渐能接受并喜欢吃各种食物,不挑食。
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              6.餐后整理:清理桌面,送餐具,擦嘴,漱口,搬椅子。
            </p>
          </div>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d189">(四)餐前仪式</h4>
          <p>
            采用儿歌、童谣等形式,增加婴幼儿对食物来之不易的感受和爱惜食物的情感,还可以说一些感恩的话。
          </p>
          <div class="bk-ztgs">
            <p class="bj1-ztgs">⊙ 饭前常用感恩词 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">1.感谢太阳,因为太阳让我们的粮食慢慢长大。</p>
            <p class="block">2.感谢厨师,因为他们给我们准备了丰富的食物。</p>
            <p class="block">3.感谢禾苗,因为禾苗长成了我们吃的粮食。</p>
            <p class="block">
              4.感谢农民伯伯,因为他们给我们种了好吃的菜和粮食。
            </p>
            <p class="block">5.感谢老师,因为他们教了我们很多就餐礼仪。</p>
            <p class="block">6.感谢包子和馒头,因为它们有各种味道给我们品尝。</p>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p class="img">表2-5-9 常用介绍饭菜指导用语</p>
        <p class="center">
          <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0221-1.jpg" />
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d188">(三)提示进餐常规</h4>
        <p>
          保育员应使用恰当的语言提示婴幼儿进餐常规,并以温和、平静、商量、随时准备帮忙的语气和行为,指导婴幼儿进餐。
        </p>
        <div class="bk-ztgs">
          <p class="bj1-ztgs">⊙ 进餐常规要求 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">1.会正确取放餐具。</p>
          <p class="block">
            2.将勺放在碗里,一只手的拇指压勺,双手端碗回座位。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            3.正确的进餐姿势:身体坐直,双脚平放在椅子前,胸紧贴桌子,一手扶碗,另一手拿勺。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            4.安静专心进餐,保持桌面、地面的清洁,掉落残渣要捡起。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            5.细嚼慢咽,坚持把碗里的饭菜吃完,逐渐能接受并喜欢吃各种食物,不挑食。
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            6.餐后整理:清理桌面,送餐具,擦嘴,漱口,搬椅子。
          </p>
        </div>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d189">(四)餐前仪式</h4>
        <p>
          采用儿歌、童谣等形式,增加婴幼儿对食物来之不易的感受和爱惜食物的情感,还可以说一些感恩的话。
        </p>
        <div class="bk-ztgs">
          <p class="bj1-ztgs">⊙ 饭前常用感恩词 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">1.感谢太阳,因为太阳让我们的粮食慢慢长大。</p>
          <p class="block">2.感谢厨师,因为他们给我们准备了丰富的食物。</p>
          <p class="block">3.感谢禾苗,因为禾苗长成了我们吃的粮食。</p>
          <p class="block">
            4.感谢农民伯伯,因为他们给我们种了好吃的菜和粮食。
          </p>
          <p class="block">5.感谢老师,因为他们教了我们很多就餐礼仪。</p>
          <p class="block">6.感谢包子和馒头,因为它们有各种味道给我们品尝。</p>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="206">
      <!-- 奇数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">专题五·进餐活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">2-59</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(206) > -1">
        <!-- 奇数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">专题五·进餐活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">2-59</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h3 id="c077">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">十</span>  喂哺婴儿 </span>
          </h3>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d190">(一)瓶喂</h4>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e161">1.瓶喂的正确操作</h5>
          <p>(1)喂姿</p>
          <p>
            在安静的环境中,让婴儿斜坐在怀里,头部靠在肘弯处,背部靠在前手臂处,呈半坐姿态。
          </p>
          <p>(2)喂奶</p>
          <p>
            喂奶时,将奶瓶倾斜45°,使奶嘴充满奶液;用奶嘴轻轻接触婴儿的嘴唇,待婴儿张嘴时,将奶嘴顺势放入嘴中;结束喂奶时,可轻轻晃动奶瓶,待婴儿张嘴后,即可拔出奶嘴。
          </p>
          <p>(3)拍嗝与消毒</p>
          <p>
            喂奶后,将婴儿抱起,轻拍背部2~3分钟,遵循空掌由下至上的方式,帮助婴儿打嗝;然后再将瓶中剩余的奶液倒出,将奶瓶、奶嘴分开清洁干净,放入沸水中消毒(或选用消毒器消毒),取出备用。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e162">2.注意事项</h5>
          <p>①必须洗净双手后喂奶。</p>
          <p>②喂哺时,要避免用手直接接触奶嘴。</p>
          <p>
            ③喂奶前试温时,可将奶液滴几滴于手背或手腕处,不能直接吸奶嘴来试温。
          </p>
          <p>④加强器具消毒,使用奶瓶、奶嘴前后均需消毒。</p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d191">(二)勺喂</h4>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e163">1.勺喂的信号</h5>
          <p>
            勺喂的信号:脖子能够灵活转动;扶着能坐稳;看到大人吃东西也表现出很馋的样子,看到想吃的东西就会张嘴。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e164">2.勺喂的步骤</h5>
          <p>(1)准备工作</p>
          <p>保育员备好泥糊状辅食,给婴儿戴上围嘴,抱入餐椅,与婴儿面对面。</p>
          <p>(2)分阶段喂哺</p>
          <p>
            开始阶段,用勺尖取少量糊状食物,放于婴儿嘴角一侧让婴儿吮舔;待婴儿能顺利吞咽后,可用勺取大半勺糊状食物,用勺尖轻触碰婴儿下唇,待婴儿张嘴后喂入口。
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h3 id="c077">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">十</span>  喂哺婴儿 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d190">(一)瓶喂</h4>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e161">1.瓶喂的正确操作</h5>
        <p>(1)喂姿</p>
        <p>
          在安静的环境中,让婴儿斜坐在怀里,头部靠在肘弯处,背部靠在前手臂处,呈半坐姿态。
        </p>
        <p>(2)喂奶</p>
        <p>
          喂奶时,将奶瓶倾斜45°,使奶嘴充满奶液;用奶嘴轻轻接触婴儿的嘴唇,待婴儿张嘴时,将奶嘴顺势放入嘴中;结束喂奶时,可轻轻晃动奶瓶,待婴儿张嘴后,即可拔出奶嘴。
        </p>
        <p>(3)拍嗝与消毒</p>
        <p>
          喂奶后,将婴儿抱起,轻拍背部2~3分钟,遵循空掌由下至上的方式,帮助婴儿打嗝;然后再将瓶中剩余的奶液倒出,将奶瓶、奶嘴分开清洁干净,放入沸水中消毒(或选用消毒器消毒),取出备用。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e162">2.注意事项</h5>
        <p>①必须洗净双手后喂奶。</p>
        <p>②喂哺时,要避免用手直接接触奶嘴。</p>
        <p>
          ③喂奶前试温时,可将奶液滴几滴于手背或手腕处,不能直接吸奶嘴来试温。
        </p>
        <p>④加强器具消毒,使用奶瓶、奶嘴前后均需消毒。</p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d191">(二)勺喂</h4>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e163">1.勺喂的信号</h5>
        <p>
          勺喂的信号:脖子能够灵活转动;扶着能坐稳;看到大人吃东西也表现出很馋的样子,看到想吃的东西就会张嘴。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e164">2.勺喂的步骤</h5>
        <p>(1)准备工作</p>
        <p>保育员备好泥糊状辅食,给婴儿戴上围嘴,抱入餐椅,与婴儿面对面。</p>
        <p>(2)分阶段喂哺</p>
        <p>
          开始阶段,用勺尖取少量糊状食物,放于婴儿嘴角一侧让婴儿吮舔;待婴儿能顺利吞咽后,可用勺取大半勺糊状食物,用勺尖轻触碰婴儿下唇,待婴儿张嘴后喂入口。
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="207">
      <!-- 偶数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">2-60</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(207) > -1">
        <!-- 偶数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">2-60</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e165">3.注意事项</h5>
          <p>①逐渐增加辅食的黏稠度和进食量。</p>
          <p>
            ②不要让勺子进入婴儿口腔的后部或用勺子压住其舌头,以免使婴儿产生不良进食体验。
          </p>
          <p>③若婴儿拒绝进食,不要强迫进食,可以过一两周再尝试。</p>
          <h3 id="c078">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">十一</span>  指导幼儿用勺进食 </span>
          </h3>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d192">(一)食物与餐具的准备。</h4>
          <p>
            保育员应为幼儿准备细碎、容易用勺盛起的食物(通常是饭菜混合)以及合适的碗、勺。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d193">(二)动作准备</h4>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e166">1.坐姿</h5>
          <p>
            引导幼儿将脚平放在地面上,身子可略微前倾,不向左、右倾斜,不佝腰,不耸肩,前臂可自然地放在餐桌的边缘处。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e167">2.端碗</h5>
          <p>
            饭碗应放在距桌边10cm处,左手扶碗,固定碗的位置,右手拿勺,如需将碗端起,应双手端碗。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d194">(三)进餐指导</h4>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e168">1.示范与模仿</h5>
          <p>
            保育员要准备两把小勺(一把给幼儿,另一把给自己)。保育员可先用自己的小勺舀起一勺饭送入自己口中,让幼儿模仿。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e169">2.练习与提醒</h5>
          <p>
            在幼儿练习过程中,保育员要向幼儿强调用勺进食规范:握住勺柄;盛食物时,勺子的凹处应该朝上;小勺举到嘴边时,眼睛看着食物,并张开口;食物进嘴后,要细嚼慢咽,咽下一口,再吃一口。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e170">3.提升与要求</h5>
          <p>
            当幼儿逐渐掌握了用勺吃饭的方法后,保育员可提出进一步的要求:拿勺的姿势不能大把攥,拇指应与其他四指分开,捏住勺柄的两侧,手心朝上;每一勺不能盛得太多,以防食物掉落、汤汁洒出。
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e165">3.注意事项</h5>
        <p>①逐渐增加辅食的黏稠度和进食量。</p>
        <p>
          ②不要让勺子进入婴儿口腔的后部或用勺子压住其舌头,以免使婴儿产生不良进食体验。
        </p>
        <p>③若婴儿拒绝进食,不要强迫进食,可以过一两周再尝试。</p>
        <h3 id="c078">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">十一</span>  指导幼儿用勺进食 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d192">(一)食物与餐具的准备。</h4>
        <p>
          保育员应为幼儿准备细碎、容易用勺盛起的食物(通常是饭菜混合)以及合适的碗、勺。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d193">(二)动作准备</h4>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e166">1.坐姿</h5>
        <p>
          引导幼儿将脚平放在地面上,身子可略微前倾,不向左、右倾斜,不佝腰,不耸肩,前臂可自然地放在餐桌的边缘处。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e167">2.端碗</h5>
        <p>
          饭碗应放在距桌边10cm处,左手扶碗,固定碗的位置,右手拿勺,如需将碗端起,应双手端碗。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d194">(三)进餐指导</h4>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e168">1.示范与模仿</h5>
        <p>
          保育员要准备两把小勺(一把给幼儿,另一把给自己)。保育员可先用自己的小勺舀起一勺饭送入自己口中,让幼儿模仿。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e169">2.练习与提醒</h5>
        <p>
          在幼儿练习过程中,保育员要向幼儿强调用勺进食规范:握住勺柄;盛食物时,勺子的凹处应该朝上;小勺举到嘴边时,眼睛看着食物,并张开口;食物进嘴后,要细嚼慢咽,咽下一口,再吃一口。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e170">3.提升与要求</h5>
        <p>
          当幼儿逐渐掌握了用勺吃饭的方法后,保育员可提出进一步的要求:拿勺的姿势不能大把攥,拇指应与其他四指分开,捏住勺柄的两侧,手心朝上;每一勺不能盛得太多,以防食物掉落、汤汁洒出。
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="208">
      <!-- 奇数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">专题五·进餐活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">2-61</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(208) > -1">
        <!-- 奇数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">专题五·进餐活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">2-61</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d195">(四)初学进餐的注意事项</h4>
          <p>①以鼓励、表扬为主。</p>
          <p>②不要过分强调抓握姿势。</p>
          <p>③幼儿弄脏衣服和周围的环境时,要宽容、有耐心,不批评。</p>
          <p>④不纠正幼儿的用手习惯。</p>
          <p>⑤不阻止幼儿用手抓饭菜。</p>
          <h3 id="c079">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">十二</span>  组织幼儿集体自主进餐 </span>
          </h3>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d196">(一)组织幼儿集体进餐的要点</h4>
          <p>①帮助幼儿尝试自己取饭,引导幼儿按活动路线入座。</p>
          <p>
            ②教给幼儿正确的坐姿和进餐方法,指导幼儿学习使用小勺进餐,提醒幼儿喝汤时两手端平饭碗。
          </p>
          <p>
            ③观察幼儿的食量,鼓励幼儿吃各种食物,引导幼儿将面食和菜、干点与稀饭搭配着吃。
          </p>
          <p>④帮助、指导幼儿尝试学习吃带壳、带皮、带核的食物,教会他们方法。</p>
          <p>
            ⑤关注幼儿的特殊需要,针对个别不会咀嚼、吞咽有困难的幼儿,及时给予指导;针对生病、有食物过敏史、少数民族幼儿,适当调整食物搭配。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d197">(二)注意事项</h4>
          <p>①需要固定幼儿进餐的座位安排与活动路线。</p>
          <p>②提醒幼儿取餐需端平、慢走,轻拿轻放。</p>
          <p>③关注幼儿的进餐心理,不强迫进食。</p>
          <p>④适度引导,给幼儿练习的时间。</p>
          <div class="xglj">
            <p class="left"><b>相关链接</b></p>
            <p>婴幼儿饥饱行为表现(见表2-5-10)。</p>
            <p class="img">表2-5-10 婴幼儿饥饱行为表现</p>
            <p class="center">
              <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0224-1.jpg" />
            </p>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d195">(四)初学进餐的注意事项</h4>
        <p>①以鼓励、表扬为主。</p>
        <p>②不要过分强调抓握姿势。</p>
        <p>③幼儿弄脏衣服和周围的环境时,要宽容、有耐心,不批评。</p>
        <p>④不纠正幼儿的用手习惯。</p>
        <p>⑤不阻止幼儿用手抓饭菜。</p>
        <h3 id="c079">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">十二</span>  组织幼儿集体自主进餐 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d196">(一)组织幼儿集体进餐的要点</h4>
        <p>①帮助幼儿尝试自己取饭,引导幼儿按活动路线入座。</p>
        <p>
          ②教给幼儿正确的坐姿和进餐方法,指导幼儿学习使用小勺进餐,提醒幼儿喝汤时两手端平饭碗。
        </p>
        <p>
          ③观察幼儿的食量,鼓励幼儿吃各种食物,引导幼儿将面食和菜、干点与稀饭搭配着吃。
        </p>
        <p>④帮助、指导幼儿尝试学习吃带壳、带皮、带核的食物,教会他们方法。</p>
        <p>
          ⑤关注幼儿的特殊需要,针对个别不会咀嚼、吞咽有困难的幼儿,及时给予指导;针对生病、有食物过敏史、少数民族幼儿,适当调整食物搭配。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d197">(二)注意事项</h4>
        <p>①需要固定幼儿进餐的座位安排与活动路线。</p>
        <p>②提醒幼儿取餐需端平、慢走,轻拿轻放。</p>
        <p>③关注幼儿的进餐心理,不强迫进食。</p>
        <p>④适度引导,给幼儿练习的时间。</p>
        <div class="xglj">
          <p class="left"><b>相关链接</b></p>
          <p>婴幼儿饥饱行为表现(见表2-5-10)。</p>
          <p class="img">表2-5-10 婴幼儿饥饱行为表现</p>
          <p class="center">
            <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0224-1.jpg" />
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="209">
      <!-- 偶数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">2-62</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(209) > -1">
        <!-- 偶数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">2-62</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h3 id="c080">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">十三</span>  排除进餐中的安全隐患 </span>
          </h3>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d198">(一)热源隐患</h4>
          <p>
            保育员需严格遵守操作规范,做到热源不进班,五温(饭、菜、汤、茶、点心)进班;饭菜进班后放置在远离幼儿活动的区域,并进行隔挡处理,避免幼儿接触热源而烫伤。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d199">(二)用餐隐患</h4>
          <p>
            幼儿进餐时,可能会用餐具嬉闹、含食物大声说话、含勺(筷)四处走动、翘凳子等,容易受到意外伤害。因此,保育员需要时刻巡视观察,提醒幼儿细嚼慢咽,勿嬉笑打闹和大声说话;逐步培养幼儿专心吃饭、饭菜入口后细嚼慢咽、嘴里不含饭的习惯。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d200">(三)地面湿滑隐患</h4>
          <p>
            保育员分发饭菜(尤其是汤菜)时,需要把握单勺的量,避免洒出;提醒幼儿进食汤菜时,要先双手捧稳,再小口分食,以免汤水洒出。如果发现地面上有饭菜、汤汁,应及时清理干净。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d201">(四)应对突发事件</h4>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e171">1.处理打翻饭菜事件</h5>
          <p>①及时反应,迅速让幼儿远离有饭菜的区域,不训斥或指责幼儿。</p>
          <p>
            ②若幼儿衣裤未被弄脏,引导幼儿到干净的餐桌旁继续进餐;若幼儿衣裤被饭菜弄脏,需先帮助幼儿换上干净的衣裤,再让幼儿在干净的餐桌旁用餐。
          </p>
          <p>
            ③用专用抹布或纸巾擦去桌上的饭菜,并用纸巾擦去地上的饭菜,用专用拖把小心拖净该区域。尽可能小范围打扫,不影响其他幼儿进餐。
          </p>
          <p>④进餐护理完毕后,在专用水池内洗净被污染的衣裤。</p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e172">2.处理呕吐与拉肚子事件</h5>
          <p>在传染性疾病发生时,如秋季腹泻,可按以下方法处理。</p>
          <p>①及时反应,迅速让幼儿远离有污物的区域,不可训斥或指责幼儿。</p>
          <p>②帮助幼儿清洗口腔或臀部,并帮幼儿换上干净的衣裤。</p>
          <p>
            ③使用专用工具清理有污物的区域。尽可能小范围打扫,不影响其他幼儿进餐。
          </p>
          <p>④进餐活动结束后,应在专用水池内清洗被污染的衣裤。</p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h3 id="c080">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">十三</span>  排除进餐中的安全隐患 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d198">(一)热源隐患</h4>
        <p>
          保育员需严格遵守操作规范,做到热源不进班,五温(饭、菜、汤、茶、点心)进班;饭菜进班后放置在远离幼儿活动的区域,并进行隔挡处理,避免幼儿接触热源而烫伤。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d199">(二)用餐隐患</h4>
        <p>
          幼儿进餐时,可能会用餐具嬉闹、含食物大声说话、含勺(筷)四处走动、翘凳子等,容易受到意外伤害。因此,保育员需要时刻巡视观察,提醒幼儿细嚼慢咽,勿嬉笑打闹和大声说话;逐步培养幼儿专心吃饭、饭菜入口后细嚼慢咽、嘴里不含饭的习惯。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d200">(三)地面湿滑隐患</h4>
        <p>
          保育员分发饭菜(尤其是汤菜)时,需要把握单勺的量,避免洒出;提醒幼儿进食汤菜时,要先双手捧稳,再小口分食,以免汤水洒出。如果发现地面上有饭菜、汤汁,应及时清理干净。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d201">(四)应对突发事件</h4>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e171">1.处理打翻饭菜事件</h5>
        <p>①及时反应,迅速让幼儿远离有饭菜的区域,不训斥或指责幼儿。</p>
        <p>
          ②若幼儿衣裤未被弄脏,引导幼儿到干净的餐桌旁继续进餐;若幼儿衣裤被饭菜弄脏,需先帮助幼儿换上干净的衣裤,再让幼儿在干净的餐桌旁用餐。
        </p>
        <p>
          ③用专用抹布或纸巾擦去桌上的饭菜,并用纸巾擦去地上的饭菜,用专用拖把小心拖净该区域。尽可能小范围打扫,不影响其他幼儿进餐。
        </p>
        <p>④进餐护理完毕后,在专用水池内洗净被污染的衣裤。</p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e172">2.处理呕吐与拉肚子事件</h5>
        <p>在传染性疾病发生时,如秋季腹泻,可按以下方法处理。</p>
        <p>①及时反应,迅速让幼儿远离有污物的区域,不可训斥或指责幼儿。</p>
        <p>②帮助幼儿清洗口腔或臀部,并帮幼儿换上干净的衣裤。</p>
        <p>
          ③使用专用工具清理有污物的区域。尽可能小范围打扫,不影响其他幼儿进餐。
        </p>
        <p>④进餐活动结束后,应在专用水池内清洗被污染的衣裤。</p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="210">
      <!-- 奇数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">专题五·进餐活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">2-63</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(210) > -1">
        <!-- 奇数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">专题五·进餐活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">2-63</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e173">3.处理呛咳事件</h5>
          <p>①及时观察幼儿是否能自主呼吸。</p>
          <p>②若幼儿能自主呼吸,能哭、说话、咳嗽,则进一步观察幼儿。</p>
          <p>
            ③若幼儿不能自主呼吸、咳嗽或正常发音,但尚有意识反应,应一人拨打120急救电话,另一人实施紧急救助,可采取海姆立克急救法进行急救。
          </p>
          <h3 id="c081">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">十四</span>  培养良好的进餐习惯 </span>
          </h3>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d202">(一)做好餐前准备</h4>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e174">1.充足活动,保证空腹</h5>
          <p>餐前半小时让幼儿进行户外活动和体育锻炼,保持空腹状态。</p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e175">2.餐前卫生习惯</h5>
          <p>
            饭前半小时保持幼儿安定、愉快的情绪,进餐前提示幼儿如厕、洗手,让幼儿知道洗完手后不再乱摸东西,安静坐好,等待吃饭。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d203">(二)规律进餐</h4>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e176">1.定时</h5>
          <p>
            为幼儿制订规律的进餐和点心时间,能顺应幼儿发展需要适时调整;同时,规定用餐时间,正餐控制在20~30分钟,加餐控制在10~20分钟,尽量避免过时。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e177">2.定位</h5>
          <p>
            保育员应为幼儿准备舒适的餐椅且固定就餐地点和位置;引导幼儿在座位上进餐,不可端着碗四处走。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e178">3.定量</h5>
          <p>
            保育员应培养幼儿饮食有节制的习惯,防止幼儿出现看见喜欢的食物就贪食,看见不喜欢的食物就拒食的现象。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d204">(三)专心进餐</h4>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e179">1.提供安静就餐环境</h5>
          <p>
            进餐时,进行正常的交谈、播放轻松愉快的轻音乐都有利于幼儿专心进餐;避免幼儿视野内有吸引幼儿注意力的电视、玩具等。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e180">2.不强迫进食</h5>
          <p>幼儿某餐进食量较少时不要强迫幼儿进食,以免造成厌食。进餐时不能</p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e173">3.处理呛咳事件</h5>
        <p>①及时观察幼儿是否能自主呼吸。</p>
        <p>②若幼儿能自主呼吸,能哭、说话、咳嗽,则进一步观察幼儿。</p>
        <p>
          ③若幼儿不能自主呼吸、咳嗽或正常发音,但尚有意识反应,应一人拨打120急救电话,另一人实施紧急救助,可采取海姆立克急救法进行急救。
        </p>
        <h3 id="c081">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">十四</span>  培养良好的进餐习惯 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d202">(一)做好餐前准备</h4>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e174">1.充足活动,保证空腹</h5>
        <p>餐前半小时让幼儿进行户外活动和体育锻炼,保持空腹状态。</p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e175">2.餐前卫生习惯</h5>
        <p>
          饭前半小时保持幼儿安定、愉快的情绪,进餐前提示幼儿如厕、洗手,让幼儿知道洗完手后不再乱摸东西,安静坐好,等待吃饭。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d203">(二)规律进餐</h4>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e176">1.定时</h5>
        <p>
          为幼儿制订规律的进餐和点心时间,能顺应幼儿发展需要适时调整;同时,规定用餐时间,正餐控制在20~30分钟,加餐控制在10~20分钟,尽量避免过时。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e177">2.定位</h5>
        <p>
          保育员应为幼儿准备舒适的餐椅且固定就餐地点和位置;引导幼儿在座位上进餐,不可端着碗四处走。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e178">3.定量</h5>
        <p>
          保育员应培养幼儿饮食有节制的习惯,防止幼儿出现看见喜欢的食物就贪食,看见不喜欢的食物就拒食的现象。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d204">(三)专心进餐</h4>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e179">1.提供安静就餐环境</h5>
        <p>
          进餐时,进行正常的交谈、播放轻松愉快的轻音乐都有利于幼儿专心进餐;避免幼儿视野内有吸引幼儿注意力的电视、玩具等。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e180">2.不强迫进食</h5>
        <p>幼儿某餐进食量较少时不要强迫幼儿进食,以免造成厌食。进餐时不能</p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="211">
      <!-- 偶数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">2-64</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(211) > -1">
        <!-- 偶数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">2-64</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>
            催促幼儿,而要让幼儿细嚼慢咽;保持进餐卫生;要让幼儿咽下最后一口饭才能离开饭桌;注意饭后擦嘴和保持桌面干净。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d205">(四)爱吃各种食物</h4>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e181">1.食物多样,饮食清淡</h5>
          <p>
            按食谱和当地的情况与季节为幼儿选择多种食物,培养幼儿不挑食的习惯。进餐前,保育员可给幼儿讲食谱,增加幼儿进食的欲望。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e182">2.预防偏食、挑食</h5>
          <p>
            偏食和挑食是幼儿生长发育过程中常见的现象,幼儿有时可能连着几天非常喜欢吃某种食物,但过几天又讨厌这种食物。保育员要尊重幼儿的选择,积极、耐心地激发幼儿对食物的兴趣,避免让幼儿再吃一口或坚持光盘等。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d206">(五)文明进餐</h4>
          <p>
            保育员应逐步培养幼儿如下文明进餐的习惯:饭前洗手,饭后擦嘴、漱口;细嚼慢咽,咀嚼和喝汤时不出声;正确使用餐具,不用手抓;餐具相互碰撞时不应发出过大的响声,不敲碗筷,夹菜时不挑挑拣拣,不掉落饭菜;餐后将用过的餐具有序地轻放在指定的地方等。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d207">(六)家园合作</h4>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e183">1.入园前沟通</h5>
          <p>
            入园前,家长应积极地向保育员介绍幼儿的饮食情况,同时也要了解幼儿园的饮食、作息制度,以方便家园双方了解、照顾幼儿。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e184">2.在园中交流与配合</h5>
          <p>
            保育员在家长每天接幼儿时,要及时与家长交流幼儿在园情况,如吃饭、饮水、大便等情况。如果发现幼儿在园有不太喜欢吃的食物,需要提醒家长适当给幼儿吃一些;如果幼儿在园已吃了很多食物,就要提醒家长转移其注意力,避免幼儿进食太多。
          </p>
          <h3 id="c082">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">十五</span>  纠正不良的进餐习惯 </span>
          </h3>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d208">(一)不良进餐习惯的表现</h4>
          <p>①挑食、偏食,食欲低下。对食物挑三拣四,是幼儿进餐中的普遍现象。</p>
          <p>②进餐时注意力不集中,边吃边玩、边吃边讲话。</p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>
          催促幼儿,而要让幼儿细嚼慢咽;保持进餐卫生;要让幼儿咽下最后一口饭才能离开饭桌;注意饭后擦嘴和保持桌面干净。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d205">(四)爱吃各种食物</h4>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e181">1.食物多样,饮食清淡</h5>
        <p>
          按食谱和当地的情况与季节为幼儿选择多种食物,培养幼儿不挑食的习惯。进餐前,保育员可给幼儿讲食谱,增加幼儿进食的欲望。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e182">2.预防偏食、挑食</h5>
        <p>
          偏食和挑食是幼儿生长发育过程中常见的现象,幼儿有时可能连着几天非常喜欢吃某种食物,但过几天又讨厌这种食物。保育员要尊重幼儿的选择,积极、耐心地激发幼儿对食物的兴趣,避免让幼儿再吃一口或坚持光盘等。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d206">(五)文明进餐</h4>
        <p>
          保育员应逐步培养幼儿如下文明进餐的习惯:饭前洗手,饭后擦嘴、漱口;细嚼慢咽,咀嚼和喝汤时不出声;正确使用餐具,不用手抓;餐具相互碰撞时不应发出过大的响声,不敲碗筷,夹菜时不挑挑拣拣,不掉落饭菜;餐后将用过的餐具有序地轻放在指定的地方等。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d207">(六)家园合作</h4>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e183">1.入园前沟通</h5>
        <p>
          入园前,家长应积极地向保育员介绍幼儿的饮食情况,同时也要了解幼儿园的饮食、作息制度,以方便家园双方了解、照顾幼儿。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e184">2.在园中交流与配合</h5>
        <p>
          保育员在家长每天接幼儿时,要及时与家长交流幼儿在园情况,如吃饭、饮水、大便等情况。如果发现幼儿在园有不太喜欢吃的食物,需要提醒家长适当给幼儿吃一些;如果幼儿在园已吃了很多食物,就要提醒家长转移其注意力,避免幼儿进食太多。
        </p>
        <h3 id="c082">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">十五</span>  纠正不良的进餐习惯 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d208">(一)不良进餐习惯的表现</h4>
        <p>①挑食、偏食,食欲低下。对食物挑三拣四,是幼儿进餐中的普遍现象。</p>
        <p>②进餐时注意力不集中,边吃边玩、边吃边讲话。</p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="212">
      <!-- 奇数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">专题五·进餐活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">2-65</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(212) > -1">
        <!-- 奇数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">专题五·进餐活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">2-65</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>
            ③独立进食能力弱。虽能吃完自己的一份饭菜,但桌子、地面、衣服上不干净,都是饭粒、菜汤。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d209">(二)纠正不良进餐习惯的方法</h4>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e185">1.采用多种方式提高食欲</h5>
          <p>
            ①增加食物趣味性。给饭菜取个有趣的名字,如白巧克力(白豆腐)、太阳饼(玉米饼)等以激发食欲。
          </p>
          <p>
            ②榜样激励。例如,“老师最喜欢吃胡萝卜了,真香啊!我的口水都流出来了,谁和老师一样喜欢吃胡萝卜?”
          </p>
          <p>
            ③少盛勤添。对于食欲低下的幼儿,保育员可少盛勤添,吃完后征求幼儿的意见再添,不让幼儿有压力。
          </p>
          <p>
            ④先盛少盛。幼儿不爱吃的菜可先盛、少盛,可用这样的话引导“谁先把菠菜吃完,小鱼就会先‘游’到谁的小碗里去”;也可分成两份,一多一少,鼓励幼儿选择,让幼儿逐渐接受。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e186">2.趣味练习,提升进餐技能</h5>
          <p>
            除了在进餐时学习使用勺子,还可以利用幼儿游戏的时间进行练习,如在“娃娃家”“小餐厅”放置勺子,在寓教于乐的过程中帮助幼儿掌握使用勺子的方法。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e187">3.以绘本、故事、游戏等形式展开活动</h5>
          <p>
            选取与爱惜粮食、不挑食等有关的绘本,如用《多多什么都爱吃》《汉堡男孩》,教育幼儿营养均衡的重要性;用《大公鸡和漏嘴巴》教育幼儿怎样进餐,进而使幼儿逐渐养成好习惯。还可以通过游戏活动将用餐的好习惯渗透进去,如游戏“小鸡吃米”“大鲨鱼和小乌龟”。
          </p>
          <h3 id="c083">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">十六</span>  照护特殊婴幼儿进餐 </span>
          </h3>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d210">(一)体弱儿的进餐照护</h4>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e188">1.维生素D缺乏性佝偻病</h5>
          <p>
            多给婴幼儿补充富含维生素D、钙、磷及蛋白质的食物,如蛋黄、肝脏、鱼类、鱼子、奶制品等。鼓励婴幼儿坚持喝奶,补充钙质。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e189">2.营养性缺铁性贫血症</h5>
          <p>
            专门为婴幼儿制作补铁的食物,即富含铁和蛋白质的食物,还应辅以富含维生素C的食物。婴幼儿应多吃猪肝、动物血、瘦肉、豆制品等食物,饭后应补充维生素丰富的酸味水果,以促进铁的吸收。
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>
          ③独立进食能力弱。虽能吃完自己的一份饭菜,但桌子、地面、衣服上不干净,都是饭粒、菜汤。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d209">(二)纠正不良进餐习惯的方法</h4>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e185">1.采用多种方式提高食欲</h5>
        <p>
          ①增加食物趣味性。给饭菜取个有趣的名字,如白巧克力(白豆腐)、太阳饼(玉米饼)等以激发食欲。
        </p>
        <p>
          ②榜样激励。例如,“老师最喜欢吃胡萝卜了,真香啊!我的口水都流出来了,谁和老师一样喜欢吃胡萝卜?”
        </p>
        <p>
          ③少盛勤添。对于食欲低下的幼儿,保育员可少盛勤添,吃完后征求幼儿的意见再添,不让幼儿有压力。
        </p>
        <p>
          ④先盛少盛。幼儿不爱吃的菜可先盛、少盛,可用这样的话引导“谁先把菠菜吃完,小鱼就会先‘游’到谁的小碗里去”;也可分成两份,一多一少,鼓励幼儿选择,让幼儿逐渐接受。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e186">2.趣味练习,提升进餐技能</h5>
        <p>
          除了在进餐时学习使用勺子,还可以利用幼儿游戏的时间进行练习,如在“娃娃家”“小餐厅”放置勺子,在寓教于乐的过程中帮助幼儿掌握使用勺子的方法。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e187">3.以绘本、故事、游戏等形式展开活动</h5>
        <p>
          选取与爱惜粮食、不挑食等有关的绘本,如用《多多什么都爱吃》《汉堡男孩》,教育幼儿营养均衡的重要性;用《大公鸡和漏嘴巴》教育幼儿怎样进餐,进而使幼儿逐渐养成好习惯。还可以通过游戏活动将用餐的好习惯渗透进去,如游戏“小鸡吃米”“大鲨鱼和小乌龟”。
        </p>
        <h3 id="c083">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">十六</span>  照护特殊婴幼儿进餐 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d210">(一)体弱儿的进餐照护</h4>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e188">1.维生素D缺乏性佝偻病</h5>
        <p>
          多给婴幼儿补充富含维生素D、钙、磷及蛋白质的食物,如蛋黄、肝脏、鱼类、鱼子、奶制品等。鼓励婴幼儿坚持喝奶,补充钙质。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e189">2.营养性缺铁性贫血症</h5>
        <p>
          专门为婴幼儿制作补铁的食物,即富含铁和蛋白质的食物,还应辅以富含维生素C的食物。婴幼儿应多吃猪肝、动物血、瘦肉、豆制品等食物,饭后应补充维生素丰富的酸味水果,以促进铁的吸收。
        </p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="213">
      <!-- 偶数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">2-66</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(213) > -1">
        <!-- 偶数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">2-66</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e190">3.营养不良症</h5>
          <p>
            保育员对营养不良的幼儿要进行细致的观察,发现他们进餐的特点,如速度、进食量,及对食物的喜好等,为他们提供营养全面、迎合其喜好的膳食,督促他们专心进餐,逐渐增加进食量,改善其身体状况。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e191">4.反复感染疾病</h5>
          <p>
            对于处于疾病感染期间和恢复期带药来园的婴幼儿,进餐照护有以下几个方面:患儿的饭应该做到有营养、易消化、以流质和半流质为主;掌握他们的进食量,以八成饱为宜,不可过量或过少;患儿没有食欲不可强求。
          </p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d211">(二)肥胖儿的进餐照护</h4>
          <p>
            照护肥胖儿进餐应侧重于帮助他们控制体重。进餐照护的原则是:在保证幼儿生长发育所需的膳食营养平衡的基础上,控制脂肪和糖的摄入量。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e192">1.限制进食量</h5>
          <p>
            在满足幼儿基本营养及生长发育需要的前提下,适当限制其食量,当幼儿要求添饭时,应给予体积大、热量少的食物,多给蔬菜,少添加主食。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e193">2.调整进餐顺序</h5>
          <p>
            进餐时,让幼儿先吃蔬菜、水果,再喝汤,最后吃主食,从而使幼儿产生饱腹感,有效防止过度进食。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e194">3.控制进食速度</h5>
          <p>
            在进餐过程中,保育员应指导幼儿要细嚼慢咽,放慢咀嚼和吞咽的速度。同时适当提供粗纤维食物,锻炼其咀嚼能力。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e195">4.家园相互配合</h5>
          <p>
            教师、保育员和家长应保证幼儿在园内、在家都能按照科学的原则调整膳食,共同鼓励幼儿树立控制体重的信心,并持之以恒。
          </p>
          <h3 id="c084">
            <span class="bk1-h3"><span class="bj2-h3">十七</span>  餐后整理 </span>
          </h3>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d212">(一)指导幼儿餐后整理</h4>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e196">1.指导幼儿整理餐具</h5>
          <p>①将勺子、食物残渣(剩余食物)放于碗中,将碟子放于碗下。</p>
          <p>②双手捧碗、碟,按固定路线行进至备餐桌前。</p>
          <p>③将食物残渣倒入食物回收桶。</p>
          <p>④将碗、碟、勺分别放到指定地方。</p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e190">3.营养不良症</h5>
        <p>
          保育员对营养不良的幼儿要进行细致的观察,发现他们进餐的特点,如速度、进食量,及对食物的喜好等,为他们提供营养全面、迎合其喜好的膳食,督促他们专心进餐,逐渐增加进食量,改善其身体状况。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e191">4.反复感染疾病</h5>
        <p>
          对于处于疾病感染期间和恢复期带药来园的婴幼儿,进餐照护有以下几个方面:患儿的饭应该做到有营养、易消化、以流质和半流质为主;掌握他们的进食量,以八成饱为宜,不可过量或过少;患儿没有食欲不可强求。
        </p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d211">(二)肥胖儿的进餐照护</h4>
        <p>
          照护肥胖儿进餐应侧重于帮助他们控制体重。进餐照护的原则是:在保证幼儿生长发育所需的膳食营养平衡的基础上,控制脂肪和糖的摄入量。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e192">1.限制进食量</h5>
        <p>
          在满足幼儿基本营养及生长发育需要的前提下,适当限制其食量,当幼儿要求添饭时,应给予体积大、热量少的食物,多给蔬菜,少添加主食。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e193">2.调整进餐顺序</h5>
        <p>
          进餐时,让幼儿先吃蔬菜、水果,再喝汤,最后吃主食,从而使幼儿产生饱腹感,有效防止过度进食。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e194">3.控制进食速度</h5>
        <p>
          在进餐过程中,保育员应指导幼儿要细嚼慢咽,放慢咀嚼和吞咽的速度。同时适当提供粗纤维食物,锻炼其咀嚼能力。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e195">4.家园相互配合</h5>
        <p>
          教师、保育员和家长应保证幼儿在园内、在家都能按照科学的原则调整膳食,共同鼓励幼儿树立控制体重的信心,并持之以恒。
        </p>
        <h3 id="c084">
          <span class="bk1-h3"
            ><span class="bj2-h3">十七</span>  餐后整理 </span
          >
        </h3>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d212">(一)指导幼儿餐后整理</h4>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e196">1.指导幼儿整理餐具</h5>
        <p>①将勺子、食物残渣(剩余食物)放于碗中,将碟子放于碗下。</p>
        <p>②双手捧碗、碟,按固定路线行进至备餐桌前。</p>
        <p>③将食物残渣倒入食物回收桶。</p>
        <p>④将碗、碟、勺分别放到指定地方。</p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="214">
      <!-- 奇数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-second">
          <div class="second-con">
            <div class="second-left"></div>
            <div class="second-right">
              <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
              <span class="pageStr">专题五·进餐活动照护</span>
              <span class="pageNum">2-67</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(214) > -1">
        <!-- 奇数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-second">
            <div class="second-con">
              <div class="second-left"></div>
              <div class="second-right">
                <img src="../image/pageImg.png" alt="" />
                <span class="pageStr">专题五·进餐活动照护</span>
                <span class="pageNum">2-67</span>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="borderLine"></div>
          </div>
          <div class="borderLine"></div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e197">2.指导幼儿搞好个人卫生</h5>
          <p>(1)指导幼儿正确漱口</p>
          <p>
            提前放好幼儿的漱口桶。漱口前,确保口腔内无食物;用漱口杯接适量的水;将水含嘴里,闭口,鼓动两腮,反复冲洗口腔内各个部位附着的食物碎屑;将漱口水吐入专门的漱口桶内。为了便于幼儿掌握漱口操作要领,可用儿歌加以辅助。
          </p>
          <div class="bk-ztgs">
            <p class="bj1-ztgs">⊙ 漱口儿歌 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              儿歌1:手拿小花杯,喝口清清水。抬起头,闭上嘴。咕噜咕噜,咕噜咕噜,吐出水。  
            </p>
            <p class="block">
              儿歌2:饭后接杯清清水,送到嘴里咕噜噜,吐出饭菜小渣渣,再把小嘴擦干净。
            </p>
          </div>
          <p>(2)指导幼儿正确擦嘴</p>
          <p>
            事先准备好大小适宜的一次性餐巾纸或毛巾,放在备餐桌上。指导幼儿擦嘴时,双手捧住餐巾纸,放在嘴唇上,双手推动纸巾,从嘴角两边向中间擦,擦完一次后对折,再擦一次,最后将手擦干净。
          </p>
          <div class="bk-ztgs">
            <p class="bj1-ztgs">⊙ 擦嘴儿歌 ⊙</p>
            <p class="block">
              小小纸巾双手托,对准嘴巴轻轻合,变成一块方手绢,擦擦折,擦擦折,照照镜子看一看,擦净嘴巴笑呵呵。
            </p>
          </div>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e198">3.流程</h5>
          <p>保育员应引导幼儿管理个人卫生(见图2-5-5)。</p>
          <p class="center">
            <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0230-1.jpg" />
          </p>
          <p class="img">图2-5-5 引导幼儿管理个人卫生的流程</p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d213">(二)餐后环境的清洁</h4>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e199">1.桌面的清洁</h5>
          <p>
            将桌子上的饭粒、杂物收拾干净。用清水擦拭桌面,确保桌面干净。若桌面比较油腻,可在专用抹布上滴少许洗洁精,向同一方向擦拭桌面、桌边,用流动水洗净抹布并拧干,再次擦拭桌子,直到桌子干净为止。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e200">2.地面的清洁</h5>
          <p>餐后对地面进行湿性打扫,打扫时要注意按由里往外的顺序。</p>
          <p>①扫。用潮湿的扫帚按由里向外的顺序压住地面清扫。</p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e197">2.指导幼儿搞好个人卫生</h5>
        <p>(1)指导幼儿正确漱口</p>
        <p>
          提前放好幼儿的漱口桶。漱口前,确保口腔内无食物;用漱口杯接适量的水;将水含嘴里,闭口,鼓动两腮,反复冲洗口腔内各个部位附着的食物碎屑;将漱口水吐入专门的漱口桶内。为了便于幼儿掌握漱口操作要领,可用儿歌加以辅助。
        </p>
        <div class="bk-ztgs">
          <p class="bj1-ztgs">⊙ 漱口儿歌 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            儿歌1:手拿小花杯,喝口清清水。抬起头,闭上嘴。咕噜咕噜,咕噜咕噜,吐出水。  
          </p>
          <p class="block">
            儿歌2:饭后接杯清清水,送到嘴里咕噜噜,吐出饭菜小渣渣,再把小嘴擦干净。
          </p>
        </div>
        <p>(2)指导幼儿正确擦嘴</p>
        <p>
          事先准备好大小适宜的一次性餐巾纸或毛巾,放在备餐桌上。指导幼儿擦嘴时,双手捧住餐巾纸,放在嘴唇上,双手推动纸巾,从嘴角两边向中间擦,擦完一次后对折,再擦一次,最后将手擦干净。
        </p>
        <div class="bk-ztgs">
          <p class="bj1-ztgs">⊙ 擦嘴儿歌 ⊙</p>
          <p class="block">
            小小纸巾双手托,对准嘴巴轻轻合,变成一块方手绢,擦擦折,擦擦折,照照镜子看一看,擦净嘴巴笑呵呵。
          </p>
        </div>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e198">3.流程</h5>
        <p>保育员应引导幼儿管理个人卫生(见图2-5-5)。</p>
        <p class="center">
          <img class="img-a" alt="" src="../image/0230-1.jpg" />
        </p>
        <p class="img">图2-5-5 引导幼儿管理个人卫生的流程</p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d213">(二)餐后环境的清洁</h4>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e199">1.桌面的清洁</h5>
        <p>
          将桌子上的饭粒、杂物收拾干净。用清水擦拭桌面,确保桌面干净。若桌面比较油腻,可在专用抹布上滴少许洗洁精,向同一方向擦拭桌面、桌边,用流动水洗净抹布并拧干,再次擦拭桌子,直到桌子干净为止。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e200">2.地面的清洁</h5>
        <p>餐后对地面进行湿性打扫,打扫时要注意按由里往外的顺序。</p>
        <p>①扫。用潮湿的扫帚按由里向外的顺序压住地面清扫。</p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="page-box" page="215">
      <!-- 偶数页 -->
      <div class="header">
        <div class="pageHeader-first">
          <div class="header-bj"></div>
          <div class="content">
            <div class="pageStr">2-68</div>
            <div class="title">
              <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
              <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
      <div v-if="showPageList.indexOf(215) > -1">
        <!-- 偶数页 -->
        <div class="header">
          <div class="pageHeader-first">
            <div class="header-bj"></div>
            <div class="content">
              <div class="pageStr">2-68</div>
              <div class="title">
                <img src="../image/chapter.png" alt="" />
                <span class="cahpter">婴幼儿生活照护·阅读手册</span>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="bodystyle">
          <p>
            ②拖。用拖把清洁地面,由清洁区拖至污染区。从左向右横拖,且从前往后倒着拖。
          </p>
          <p>③消毒。用消毒液再次擦拭地面,开窗通风,使地板尽快干燥。</p>
          <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d214">(三)个别情况的处理</h4>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e201">1.幼儿进餐速度特别慢</h5>
          <p>
            保育员可以安排进餐速度特别慢的幼儿和进餐习惯好、吃得较快的幼儿坐在一起,利用同伴影响力,加快幼儿的进餐速度;同时,当幼儿进餐速度提高时,要及时给予表扬和鼓励。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e202">2.幼儿不整理餐具</h5>
          <p>
            保育员需要强调收拾餐具的必要性,引导幼儿按合理收放餐具的步骤和路线整理,还可及时提醒并监督幼儿整理。
          </p>
          <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e203">3.幼儿整理不到位</h5>
          <p>
            保育员可以在收放餐具处,按照餐具摆放顺序贴上相应的标志。另外,幼儿放碗时经常出现餐具码得太高而倒塌的现象,可以引导幼儿“盖楼房”,哪座“楼房”矮就要盖哪座;可以利用情境引导婴幼儿判断正误,鼓励幼儿判断哪些做得对、哪些做得错,并讲明做出判断的理由;还可以采用分桌或按数量摆放的方法。
          </p>
          <div class="bk-tx">
            <p class="left"><span class="bj3">学习反思</span></p>
            <textarea v-model="chapter014.textAreaItem.text39" style="border: 0" placeholder="请输入内容" rows="5"
              class="textareaInput" @blur="onBlurChange('text39')"></textarea>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="bodystyle">
        <p>
          ②拖。用拖把清洁地面,由清洁区拖至污染区。从左向右横拖,且从前往后倒着拖。
        </p>
        <p>③消毒。用消毒液再次擦拭地面,开窗通风,使地板尽快干燥。</p>
        <h4 class="h4-zt" id="d214">(三)个别情况的处理</h4>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e201">1.幼儿进餐速度特别慢</h5>
        <p>
          保育员可以安排进餐速度特别慢的幼儿和进餐习惯好、吃得较快的幼儿坐在一起,利用同伴影响力,加快幼儿的进餐速度;同时,当幼儿进餐速度提高时,要及时给予表扬和鼓励。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e202">2.幼儿不整理餐具</h5>
        <p>
          保育员需要强调收拾餐具的必要性,引导幼儿按合理收放餐具的步骤和路线整理,还可及时提醒并监督幼儿整理。
        </p>
        <h5 class="h5-zt" id="e203">3.幼儿整理不到位</h5>
        <p>
          保育员可以在收放餐具处,按照餐具摆放顺序贴上相应的标志。另外,幼儿放碗时经常出现餐具码得太高而倒塌的现象,可以引导幼儿“盖楼房”,哪座“楼房”矮就要盖哪座;可以利用情境引导婴幼儿判断正误,鼓励幼儿判断哪些做得对、哪些做得错,并讲明做出判断的理由;还可以采用分桌或按数量摆放的方法。
        </p>
        <div class="bk-tx">
          <p class="left"><span class="bj3">学习反思</span></p>
          <textarea
            v-model="chapter014.textAreaItem.text39"
            style="border: 0"
            placeholder="请输入内容"
            rows="5"
            class="textareaInput"
            @blur="onBlurChange('text39')"
          ></textarea>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
  name: "chapter014",
  props: {
    showPageList: {
      type: Array,
      default: [],
    },
    questionData: {
      type: Object,
    },
  },
  data() {
    return {
      chapter014: {
Diff truncated after the above file
src/books/lifeCare/view/chapter015.vue src/books/lifeCare/view/chapter016.vue src/books/lifeCare/view/chapter017.vue src/books/lifeCare/view/chapter018.vue src/components/drawflow/index.vue src/components/examinations/index.vue